BlockThe nomination, in full
Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.
FORM B - BUILDING MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION 80 BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON, MA 02116 MAY 1 5 1989 Photo (3"x3" or 3"x5",-black and white) Indicate address of property on back of photo. Staple to left side of form. Roll# 3-27 Sketch Map: Draw map showing property's location in relation to nearest cross streets and/or geographical features. Indicate all buildings between inventoried property and nearest intersection(s). Indicate north UTM REFERENCE 18/745 840/4662230 USGS QUADRANGLE Soutfioridae, Mass-Conn SCALE 1:25,000 58 SOUTHBRIDGE MASS MRA AREA B FORM NO. 246 Town Southbridge Address 3 Dean Street Historic Name nla Use: Present residence Original DESCRIPTION residence Date ca. 1878-1889 Source maps, photographs Stick Style Architect_unknown Exterior Wall Fabric clapboard/shingle Outbuildings garage (NC Major Alterations (with dates)garage added to side ca.
1950's , porch & enclosed rail early-20th c. Condition Good-fair Moved yes Date 1899-1904 Acreage lessthanone acre Setting neighborhood of 19th-century worke: houses, mostly altered. Some 3-D's but mostly 1 & 2 story houses Recorded by S. Ceccacci Organization Southbridge Historical Com- mission Date May 1986 - NATIONAL REGISTER CRITERIA STATEMENT (if applicable) 3 Dean Street is significant as an early example of worker housing constructed during the rise to prominence of the American Optical Company and the growth of the town's eastern section late in the 19th sentury. It meeta National Register criteria A,Cand Exseption B at the local level and retains integrity of setting, materials, workmanship, design, feeling, ard associaticn. The boundaries indicated on the attached assessors map are those of current ownership.
ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE Describe important architectural features and evaluate in terms of other buildings within the community. The best preserved example of a type and style ofasmall workers' cottage which was extremely prevalent in the neighborhoods around the American Optical Main Works in the late-19th century. this one-and-a-half story house is one of the few of its type which still retains its original siding. A vernacular expression of the Stick Style, which was somewhat popular for middle and upper class residences in Southbridge, it is distinguished by half timbering and dog tooth shingling on the gable end, a high-pitched roof, dog tooth brackets in the over- hanging eaves and an entrance in the long side. Photographs indicate that rows of identical houses of this type. lined Crystal and Lens Streets in 1889.
Most were oriented gable end thè street with the entrance on the side. Others were positioned with the entrance toward the street. The inspiration for the ornament used on these houses may have been the E. Merritt Cole House on Main Street (form #A-153). This house did not appear on this 1ot until the turn of the century. It was moved a short distance from the corner of Crystal and Dean Streets when a larger building was built on that site between 1899 and 1904. The present porch was apparently added at that time. Less altered than another house of the same type at 75 Crystal Street, this is a rare survivor of this distinctive vernacular house design. HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE Explain the role owners played in local or state history and how the building relates to the development of the community.
The construction of a number of identical houses of this type and design was part of the early development of this area in response to the opening of the American Optical Company factory nearby in 1872. The first_houses in the area built on what was originally open land between Crystal and Foster Streets, were a row of Greek Revival Vernacular cottages, 1870-1878 ,on Benefit Street (form #B-220). Like this house, they were built on the same gable front plan with the entrance in the side. Houses along Crystal and Lens Streets seem to have been a second phase of development of the area. The developer of the Benefit Street row seems to have been William Edwards. It is not known who developed the rest of the área. By 1898 the area had been densely developed, between the river on the north and Main Street on the south from Mechanic Street about halfway up North Street.
By this time, houses in the area were individually owned. Apparently because of their small size, many of these early cottages were altered or replaced around the turn of the century. Especially on Crystal Street, houses were enlarged or new buildings were built. For some reason, houses on Lens and Benefit Streets were not replaced or greatly enlarged. Today their original appearance has been most altered by the application of synthetic siding. BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES - maps, atlases 8/85 NPS Form 10-900-# (8-865) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approvel No. 1024-0018 Section number Page Multiple Resource Area Thematic Group Name State Southbridge MRA Wørcester County, MASSACHUSETTS Nomination/Type of Review 41. High--School Streets Historic District Entered in the National Register 42.
Hodgsfon, William, Iwo-Family House Enterel 1n tte Matloliad Regl3Lar Date/Signature Kreoper Auenubgun 0/20/64 Attest -Keeper/ SelnByu a/22/84 Attest 43. House at 18 Walnut Street üntered in buc National Reglatar Hkeeper Aulnesyun 6/22/9 Attest 44. House at 3 Dean Street 4t.: l'e1 Hatiuba 13g13.SI Ikeoper ZuenBgan 6/22/89 Attest 45. House at 34 Benefit Street Mational Register Ikeeper ZubnaByu 6/27/89 Attest 46. House at 59--63 Crystal Street chacicd lh LuE Keeper AubmeBzea 6/22/69 Natiunai Beglatat Attest 47. House at 64 Main Street uilered i0 cae Mational Regiater treeper Selvu Byu 4/22/09 Attest 48. House at 70--72 Main Street inicred 1n the iatuoea itetatefReeper AelunZyi 6/22/09 Attest 49. House at 91 Coombs Street intered in the KReeper hilmByen 4/22/89 National Register Attest 50.
Judson--Litchfield House Entered in the Matlonal Begiater fikeeper SuleByun4122159 Attest NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET REQUESTED ACTION: NOMINATION PROPERTY NAME: House at 3 Dean Street MULTIPLE NAME: Southbridge MRA STATE & COUNTY: MASSACHUSETTS, Worcester DATE RECEIVED: DATE OF 16TH DAY: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: 5/15/89 6/16/89 DATE OF PENDING LIST: 5/31/89 DATE OF 45TH DAY: 6/29/89 REFERENCE NUMBER: 89000587 NOMINATOR: STATE REASONS FOR REVIEW: APPEAL: N DATA PROBLEM: N LANDSCAPE: N LESS THAN 50 YEARS: N OTHER: N PDIL: N PERIOD: N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: REQUEST: N SAMPLE: N SLR DRAFT: N NATIONAL: N N COMMENT WAIVER: N V ACCEPT RETURN REJECT 6/22/89 Entered in the DATE Hational Register ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS: RECOM./CRITERIA REVIEWER DISCIPLINE DATE DOCUMENTATION see attached comments X/N see attached SLR X/N CLASSIFICATION _count resource type STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION FUNCTION historic current DESCRIPTION architectural classification materials descriptive text SIGNIFICANCE Period Areas of Significance--Check and justify below Specific dates Builder/Architect statement of Significance (in one paragraph) summary paragraph completeness clarity applicable criteria justification of areas checked relating significance to the resource context relationship of integrity to significance _justification of exception other BIBLIOGRAPHY GEOGRAPHICAL DATA acreage UTMS verbal boundary description boundary justification ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION/PRESENTATION sketch maps OTHER COMMENTS USGS maps _photographs presentation Questions concerning this nomination may be directed to Phone Signed Date Heuse 3 Deane Street, (B.246) Southbridge, MA sonthbrage tistorcal commission ROlI#3.21 MRA SOUTHBRIDGE MASS 35 + JHN EO'CIKHELL A ASCOCIATES AUSURH, MAIHE 1371 3 Deanstret 47 30 134 :015 120 1207 121A 124 :-123 G3 54 A17 -
13 SOUTHBRIDGE. MASS. 210: 29 179 -MECHANIC 16 / N B-246 #3 37 MTTEO 36 Please refer to the map in the Multiple Property Cover Sheet for this property Multiple Property Cover Sheet Reference Number: 64000294