From the form
The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.
362 NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form FEB 25 1991 NATIONAL REGISTER This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guldelines for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" In the appropriate box or by entering the requested information.If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, styles, materials, and areas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategories listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries. 1.
Name of Property historic name Hildreth, Jonathan House other names/site number 2. Location street & number 8 Barrett's Mill Road city, town Concord state Massachusetts code MA county Middlesex code N/A not for publication N/A vicinity 017 zip code 01742 3. Classification Ownership of Property X private public-local public-State public-Federal Category of Property X bullding(8) district site structure object Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing bulldings - sites 1 _ structures - objects 2 1 -Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register - Name of related multiple property listing: N/A 4.
State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the NationalRegister ofHistoric Places and meetsthe procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. in my opinion, the propertymeets Ldoes not meet the National Register criteria. L See continuation sheet. xudik o Mesonona 2|1991 Signature of certiying official Executive Director, Massachusetts Historical Commidaseion; State Historic Preservation Officer State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. See continuation sheet. Signature of commenting or other official Date State or Federal agency and bureau 5.
National Park Service Certification 1, hereby, certify that this property is: Xentered in the National Register. See continuation sheet. determined eligible for the National Register. See continuation sheet. determined not eligible for the National Register. AuemByen Vatlonad Bogistas: 4/3/91 removed from the National Register. other, (explain:) Date of Action 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categories from instructions) Domestic/Single dwelling Hildreth, Jonathan House, Concord, Massachusetts Current Functions (enter categories from instructions) Domestic/Single dwelling 7.
Description Architectural Classification (enter categories from instructions) Colconial/Georgian; New England Colonial Late 19th Century Revival/Georgian Revival Mixed Materials (enter categories from instructions) foundation Granite walls Brick; Weatherboard roof other Asphalt Wood Describe present and historic physical appearance. The Jonathan Hildreth House, Concord, Massachusetts is today the focal point of the rural residential intersection of Lowell and Barrett's Mill Roads, as it was late in the eighteenth century, when the main house was built. The surrounding vicinity (possibly eligible for the National Register of Historic Places as an historic district) is primarily one of eighteenth to latl-treetee the entdretn House is strikinges othe retention ofsitstnee grity tall trees.
of location and setting close to the northwest corner of the intersection, and its position is emphasized by a wooden fence that dates to the nineteenth century. The house is a hybrid structure, constructed in three building phases. The main section, which faces Barrett's Mill Road, is a large two-story clapboard "half-house" of the mid-eighteenth century. Extending to the west. of the half-house is a long two-story clapboard wing, added in 1941 by architect Andrew H. Hepburn, owner and resident from 1922 through mid-twentieth century. The structure is completed by a diagonal line of three one-story clapboard sheds and garages abutting the rear of the half-house.
-ach section retains integrity of materials, workmanship, design, feeling anc association to a remarkable degree--nearlv intact in the main block and Hepburn portions, the other sections altered on the exterior by an additional side bay and bay window in the half-house, and by garage doors in the sheds. Main house The main house is a five-bay, two-room deep, two-story building with an asphalt hipped roof, double-paired interior end chimneys and two hip-roofed dormers above the facade. Clad on three sides in brick, (the facade laid in Flemish bond, the sides in common bond,) it is sheathed on the rear with wooden clapboards. A prominent water table of molded bricks forms a transition to the dressed granite foundation. Brick band-coursing divides first from second story on the facade; first floor windows are topped by flat arches of splayed stretchers.
All other architectural trim is wood, in particular a heavy, deeply-cut modillioned cornice. Windows are twelve-over-twelve-sash, and retain their early fixed-louvered blinds. The windows in the brick walls are set into molded wooden architraves. The entry, which has a modillioned triangular pediment supported by flat, fluted Doric pilasters backed by a rusticated architrave, is a well-preserved X See continuation sheet NP6 PomT 10400* (0-0c, One AoDrone NC 1080-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number - Hildreth, Jonathan House Concord, Massachusetts Page _ illustration of a type found in 18th-century builders' guides. (Its Doric order and entablature are virtually identical to illustrations in Batty Langley's pocket guides.)' The wide, eight-paneled door has a paneled surround.
The east and west ends of the house have undergone some minor alteration. Inelr tenestration pattern 1s largely dictated by the wide expanse of the double chimney that dominates each wall--on both ends three windows flank the chimney flues at second-story level, and at the first story, a window is located near the rear corner. On the east wall, however, a twentieth-century glass-and-panel door at the southeast corner probably replaces a former third window was changed to a multi-light door ca. 1941. At the northeast clapboards, an early six-panel door has been clapboarded over in the twentieth century. (This door is reputed to have opened onto a passage leading to the Hildreth store, which was built "projecting into the road" to the rear of the house.)2 The plan of the main house is the four-room "double-pile" type, with a stair hall, typical of the high Georgian period.
(See sketch plan.) The stair hall is not a through-passage, however, ending midway through the nouse, with an enclosed service stair behind. (What appears to have been a second service stair rising to the back of the house has been altered to a china closet.) Mid-twentieth century interior alterations include the reduction of the rear northwest first-story room to accommodate a long full-length closet, with bookshelves on its outer wall, and the construction of two bathrooms and closets on the second story--one across the rear of the southwest. chamber, the other in the northeast chamber. The chimneys were reconstructed in 1938. The interior of the main house is lavishly decorated with late Georgian molded wainscoting, molded and paneled chimneypieces with typically Georgian overmantels and compound crown moldings.
The ornamentation of each room 1s different; the most elaborate room is the southeast parlor, which is embe 1shed with a mantel shelt, window seats, paneled interior biinds and paneled wainscoting. blinds and window seats also appear in the southwest parlor blinds in the southeast chamber, and plain board wainscoting in all other first floor rooms and stair nall. The rear northeast tirst-story room, or "clock room," according to Jonathan Hildreth's inventory, 3 has a hearth with a bake oven that retains its early iron cover with hammered handle. Most of the fireplace wall here is filled with raised-field paneling and paneled cupboard doors. The only significant alteration to this room is an early one--the addition of a mid-nineteenth century cast iron Franklin tove embellished with lonic columns, rosettes and a palr ot grypnons.
contrast to the raised-field panelina and molded overmantels in the rest of (continued) NPS Form 10800 (8-0c Oa No 1094-0011 United States Department of the Interlor National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _ Hildreth, Jonathan House, Concord, Massachusetts - Page _2 the house, the fireplace treatment of the southwest parlor and chamber above it is more Federal in style. Te stet ai os tro pare scait win mlie eaitr sauane st e ranesters The stair hall has and a newel post of the Tuscan-column type, with a square, molded top. The stair hall has one of the most elaborate crown moldings, with a meander motif at its base. Rear ell, or "half-house" The rear ell is a small two-story house dating to the mid-eighteenth century, (builder unknown) and is the most altered of all parts of the building.
It is a pitch-roofed, wood clapboard house, with its facade facing east towards Lowell Road. The windows are six-over-nine and six-over-six wood sash; the facade entry displays a four-light transom and molded, sloping The door is six-panel, with a shallow-molded surround. Originally a three-bay half-house, probably of one-room plan with stair hall and chimney against the north endwall, this section was elongated in 1941 by an additional north bay, and later altered by the insertion of an oriel bay window beside the door. A one-story shed-roofed extension on its west side was demolished ca. 1941. The most intact room in this section is the second-story chamber, where, although the fireplace has been plastered over, an entire wall of raised-fielo paneling and four-panel doors remains. Boxed beams and posts are also still intact, but a wall was inserted across the south end of the room ca.
1941. Except for the retention of some boxed beams and posts, the first floor of this section has been completely altered. The original stairway has been removed, the interior remodeled for a kitchen three times since 1940 and the paneling of the fireplace wall removed to another location in Concord. Andrew Hepburn additions A pitch-roofed, two-story west wing, with a loggia connecting it to the main house, abuts the rear of the earlier section. This section and the north bay of the half-house, which date to 1941, are the work of architect Andrew H. Hepburn. Hepburn, one of the foremost restoration architects of this century, bought the property in 1922. With William Perry and Thomas Mott.
Shaw, (another Concord resident,) he formed the firm of Perry, Shaw and Hepburn in 1923, and is best known for the firm's restoration of Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia, during the later 1920s and 1930s under the auspices of the Rockefeller Foundation. The firm continued until 1950, after which the original three partners associated with various others Hepburn's early associations was Guy Lowell, with whom he remodeled a small office building at 120 Water Street, Boston. A master of Colonial restoration, Hepburn's personal work is perhaps illustrated most clearly here at the Hildreth House, where he was able to make alterations unfettered by the demands of partners or clients.
(continued) Nºt norT 10900d Unlted States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _7 3 CoMa ADerOre MC 1084-0011 Hildreth, Jonathan House, Concord, Massachusetts Page The long facade of the wing is four-bays wide, with three pairs of French doors at first story level, and four fifteen-light casement windows above, the multiplicity of the small panes echoing the feeling of the windows in the two earlier sections of the house. The rear north wall also has casement windows at the second story; the west. endwall has two nine-over-nine wood sash at the rrst story, with casements adove. Hepburn repeated some elements of Reuben Duren's building, such as sloping window hoods from the rear facade, throughout both the wing and the extended north bay of the half-house.
In the loggia, he used copies of Duren's entry pilasters to flank another trio of French doors. The west wing and north bay contain a large living room, two bedrooms, two baths, a cloakroom, dressing room, service stair and a stair hall which incorporates a copy of Duren's main staircase. (See sketch plan.) Antique Zuber wallpaper taken from a house in New Hampshire graces the living room. In the 1940s Hepburn and his son, Andrew Hepburn, also an architect, designed and built a little pyramid-roofed summerhouse, located just. to west of the family rose garden, (the garden was replaced in the 1970s by a swimming pool, surrounded by perennial borders.) The summerhouse is a square, wood-framed building with sliding sash over wainscoting on three sides, and a fifteen-light glass door with divided sidelights on the front.
It is set on an angle within another square of delicate Ionic columns and pilasters which were originally part of a Greek Revival house in Arlington. The roof is wood shingle. Extending diagonally northward from the rear section of the half-house is a line of attached one-story clapboard sheds--a pitch-roofed section, a háperoeen buatt ine hesarly 18os by ta httareth sourynaaaag doors) said to twentieth-century garage beyond, its flat roof replaced by a pitched roof in An early smokehouse and privy between the house and first. shed were lemolished and replaced with a laundry area during the 1941 alterations. (The presence of nineteenth-century clapboarding on inside walls indicates that the sheds were originally separated from the house.) A large two-story barn that was located north of the sheds was removed some time in the second quarter of this century.
The wooden fence that wraps around the southeast corner of the property is of a type characteristic of the early part. of the nineteenth century, and appears in photographs from as early as the 1870s. Punctuated by large, square, molded posts (those flanking the main entry gate are crowned with wooden balls) it has square wooden balusters and an arched entry gate. A swinging gate that was formerly situated across a cart path at the fence's western end has been replaced in the twentieth century by a stone wall. (continued) NPB FOm 10-800 (8-06, Unlted States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 4 OMAE ANorora Mo 1084-0018 Hildreth, Jonathan House, Concord, Massachusetts Page. Archaeological Description While no sites have been recorded on the property, it is possible that are present.
Twenty-six sites have been recorded in the general area settlement and subsistence activities. Glven the above intormation, sites may be present, however, the property's potential for significant survivals is reduced by its small size (2 acres) and historic development. There is a high potential for significant historic archaeological remains on the property. Controlled testing and excavation can determine whether or not. structural survivals remain of the large two-story barn originally located north of the sheds, the general store, which projected into the road to the rear of the "Simtiar research might. also determine the location of and a smokehouse originally located between the house and first shed. occupational-related features (trash pits, privies, wells) associated with the house. One early privy is mentioned near the smokehouse noted above.
(end) Hildreth, Jonathan House, Concord, Massachusetts 8. Statement of Significance