Nomination for Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines and areas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategories listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries. 1. Name of Property historic name 2. Location LN/not for publication city, town Fairport Harbor West LN Vicinity code 43 zip code 44077 3. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property Xl public-Federal XI structure _ Total Name of related multiple property listing: Number of contributing resources previously Light Stations of Ohio listed in the National Register 0 4.

State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this Signature of certifying official State or Federal agency and bureau 5. National Park Service Certification 1, hereby, certify that this property is: Vlentered in the National Register. determined eligible for the National Register. See continuation sheet. determined not eligible for the removed from the National Register. other, (explain:) Date of Action code Date object REGISTER public-State district site public-local NATIONAL Noncontributing private Registration Form state building(s) 12-3-91 Ohio See continuation sheet. National Register of Historic Places National Register. (Rev. 8-86) SHPO county Lake does not meet the National Register criteria.See continuation sheet.

other names/site number N/A for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box orby entering the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, styles, materials, street & numberwest breakwater pierhead, entrance to harbor FEB 2 : 1992 National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property meets 4/10/92 242 Fairport Harbor, OH, Lake County 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categories from instructions) Current Functions (enter categories from instructions) Materials (enter categories from instructions) other: light station walls - Describe present and historic physical appearance.

The Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light, owned and operated by the United States Coast Guard, is located on an attached stone breakwater on the west light station has a central entrance with transom light in the south Inside, the first floor contains an engine room and workshop. From the first floor, a flight of steps leads to the cellar, consisting of a store- room, cistern, and coal bin, while a circular metal stairway leads to the conical roof topped with a cast-iron ventilator ball and platinum X See continuation sheet steel concrete The brick (enter categories from instructions) Architectural Classification 7. Description and lantern. painted red; there are ventilators in the south and west elevations. station's former living quarters on the second floor, consisting of a The lantern deck is enclosed by a gently curved cast-iron railing with been removed.

In the west elevation there is an inside end chimney of TRANSPORTATION: water-related side of the entrance to the Grand River, approximately 1,ooo feet north of equipped with a trolley beam for the movement of heavy machinery through plane height of 56 feet,7 inches from mean lake level). (facade) elevation and double doors with strap-hinged storm shutters (now welded shut) in the east elevation. Each entrance is reached by a flight of concrete steps. The former engine room, on the first floor, is still feature hardwood floors, plaster walls, and simple door and window From the second floor, a spiral stairway leads to the watch room foundation roof moldings.

flight of concrete steps and is surrounded by a pipe railing.The light lightning-conductor spindle.A 250-watt clear lens equipped with a 4-place The cylindrical lantern has a changer (which automatically changes to a new bulb when one blows out) station consists of a three-story tower,12 feet,8 inches square and 33 round balusters and finials at the corners. Headlands Beach State Park.It rests on a concrete pierhead reached bya feet,5/8 inches high, surmounted on the northeast corner of a two-story- shows an isophase white light having a nominal range of 13miles. NPS Form 10-900e OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Continuation Sheet Page In 1988 the light station was painted and its original double-hung windows, Section number 8--continued inadequate funding delayed construction, however, and the structure was not completed until 1925. Buffalo Lighthouse Depot, then shipped to the site aboard the steamer The fog signal, an air diaphone, was powered by two oil-engine air it now houses the Fairport Marine Museum.) automated with the installation of new alternating-current equipment. This property meets the requirements for registration set forth in the for its association with the associated historic contexts of on the Great Lakes, 1819-1939." The structure is architecturally significant for representing a distinct type of light stations were commonly built on the ends of breakwater or on pierheads.

Another common feature of light station construction of this period was the cast iron winding stairway. all these features are exhibited by the Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light. In addition, American Foursquare building type, such as the cube shape, hip roof, and symmetrical similar architectural characteristics except it is of reinforced concrete with steel windows and shutters, and features a gable roof. Section number 7 National Register of Historic Places Fairport Harbor West Breakwater light, Fairport Harbor, OH, Lake County lens still in service in 1979 when the light station was inventoried by the by Tenth District Lighthouse Superintendent Roscoe House.

World War I and Steelwork for the new light station was fabricated and assembled at the occulting white light of 4,500 candlepower, operated by electricity supplied by small oil-engine generators, was exhibited for the first time. "Transportation and Commerce on Lake Erie, 1818-1936" and "Light Stations station. In the early 20th century light stations with attached dwellings were typically of steel and brick, or steel and reinforced concrete, and clad with iron plate. These influences. The Fairport Harbor light has some architectural features associated with the the structure represents the practice of designing light stations to reflect current design multiple property documentation form "Light Stations of Ohio."The Historic American Engineering Record has since been removed.

Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light is significant under Criteria A and C Fairport's iron ore docks ceased operations in 1946;its coal docks shut Fairport Harbor, OH, Lake County 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Applicable National Register Criteria Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Significant Dates Cultural Affiliation Significant Person State significance of property, and justify criteria, criteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above. pierhead of the west breakwall (since extended northward), the light continues to play a vital role in the safe navigation of both commercial and recreational vessels. river, was designed by Jonathan Goldsmith, well-known architect of Ohio's railroads, but after 1877, when Fairport was connected by railway with the steel mills of Youngstown and Pittsburgh, the small harbor was transformed into a busy transshipment point for iron ore and coal. plant of Diamond Alkali (later Diamond Shamrock) Company, a heavy importer salt underlaying its site, further increased harbor traffic.

X] See continuation sheet Transportation 1920-25 Architect/Builder construction of a new combination light and fog signal station on the west of Michigan limestone and exporter of sodium products manufactured from the In 1917 the U.S.Bureau of Lighthouses appropriated $42,000 for the early 1900s resulted in the creation of an outer harbor approximately7,600 Beginning in the 1820's, Fairport served as a fueling station and supply The Fairport Harbor West Breakwater between 1921 and tower with its red stands out in high relief against Lake Erie, The conical brick on high ground on the east bank of the [X locally Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) Period of Significance marks the entrance to the Grand River at Fairport Harbor, an important lake commerce of the harbor, which consisted primarily of the forwarding trade, feet long by 2,000 feet wide, in addition to the lower 1} miles of the improvement of aids to navigation at Fairport Harbor, including statewide nationally Government construction of breakwaters in the depot for steamboats.A lighthouse was first established here in 1825.

station has been in continuous service since 1925.The whitewashed light Fairport's first lighthouse was in"hazardous condition"by 1868,and in built on the same site. unknown 1870-71 a new stone tower with an attached brick keeper's dwelling was Between 1827 and response to a citizen petition, 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References Cleveland, Ohio. Ohio. Fairport Harbor, O.: Lake Photo Engraving, Inc., 1976. Lake Carriers' Association. Association, 1917, 1919, 1921, 1923, 1925. and Its Predecessors, 1789-1939. J preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) Primary location of additional data: has been requested State historic preservation office Other State agency previously determined eligible by the National Register X Federal agency designated a National Historic Landmark Survey # Other recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Nat'1 Archives & Records Admin. 10. Geographical Data Acreage of property less than one UTM References Verbal Boundary Description Fairport Harbor West Breakwater light, as it rests on the west breakwater pierhead, 50 feet square, at the entrance to Fairport Harbor. Boundary Justification 11.

Form Prepared By name/title - street & number 17903 Rosecliff Road telephone 216/692-0747 _ state Chio Easting Northing University Local government See continuation sheet Previous documentation on file (NPS): N/ A Fairport Harbor, OH, Lake County Specify repository: recorded by Historic American Buildings date 8/2/91 The boundary includes the light station and its foundation previously listed in the National Register Annual Report. Cleveland: Lake Carriers' _ zip code_44119 Records of the Bureau of Lighthouses L46|2,317,8,0 Zone National Archives and Records Administration.Records of the United States Fairport Harbor Bicentennial Committee.A History of Fairport Harbor, NPS Form 10-900a OMB Approval No.

10240018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Fairport Harbor West Breakwater light, Fairport Harbor, OH, Lake County Section number PHOTOGRAPHS-FAIRPORT HARBOR WEST BREAKWATER LIGHT 1) Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light 2) Fairport Harbor, Ohio 3) Carol Poh Miller photograph 4) October 1990 5) Ohio Historic Preservation Office 6) Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light, at the entrance to Fairport 7) #1 of 7 7) #2 of 7 6) West and north elevations, looking east. 7) #3 of 7 6) First-floor machinery room, showing double doors in east elevation and spiral stairway to living quarters. 7) #4 of 7 7) #5 of 7 7) #6 of 7 3) United States Coast Guard photograph 4) November 25, 1925 5) Ohio Historic Preservation Office (copy negative) 6) East and north elevations, looking southwest. Page Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places replaced with Plexiglas.

6) Second-floor stairway.The station's original sash windows have been [NOTE:THE ABOVE INFORMATION IS THE SAME FOR PHOTOS #2-6] Harbor, looking north from Mentor Headlands State Park. 6) South (facade) and east elevations, looking northwest 6) Gallery and lantern detail, looking south toward the Grand River. (8-86) OMB Approvel No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Section number . NRIS Reference Number: 92000242 Date Listed: 4/10/92 Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light Property Name: che nomination documentation. Signature of the Keeper been agreed to by David Reese of the Coast Guard FPO.

Page Lake National Register of Historic Places DISTRIBUTION: Continuation Sheet Multiple Name Amended Items in Nomination: Nominating Authority (without nomination attachment) National Register property file notwithstanding the National Park Service certification included SUPPLEMENTARY LISTING RECORD Places in accordance with the attached nomination documentation This property is listed in the National Register of Historic United States Department of the Interior Date of Action This structure was nominated under Criterion no Area of Light Stations of ohio MPS The nomination form is officially County: Significance was selected. State: 7/14/92 Approval No. 1024-001 National Register of Historic Places Section number - 2. Green Island Light Intered in the 3. Huron Harbor Light Intered in tha 4. Conneaut Harbor West Breakwater Light 5.

Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light COVER Page Ottawa County Continuation Sheet Date Listed 2/22/90 National Park Service United States Department of the Interior Light Stations of Ohio MPS substantive Revies OHIO NPS Form 10-900-s 4/10/92 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET DATE OF 16TH DAY: DATE OF 45TH DAY: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: NOMINATOR: FEDERAL APPEAL:N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: SLR DRAFT: Y COMMENT WAIVER: N , accept A?< ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS : 4/10/92 3/26/92 DATE RETURN DISCIPLINE PERIOD: OTHER: PDIL: NATIONAL: NAME: DATE RECEIVED: 2/25/92 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR REASONS FOR REVIEW: DATA PROBLEM: N LESS THAN 50 YEARS: REQUEST: N Historian 3/10/92 REJECT PROPERTY SAMPLE: Fairport Harbor West Breakwater Light DATE OF PENDING LIST: _resource type STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION _architectural classification _summary paragraph _completeness _clarity _applicable criteria relating significance to the resource _relationship of integrity to significance _other GEOGRAPHICAL DATA _acreage _verbal boundary description _boundary justification ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION/PRESENTATION _sketch maps _photographs _ Phone materials FUNCTION Signed context DESCRIPTION historic Period BIBLIOGRAPHY Builder/Architect SIGNIFICANCE _current CLASSIFICATION _count Date Specific dates justification of areas checked OTHER COMMENTS Questions concerning this nomination may be directed to Areas of Significance--Check and justify below Statement of Significance one paragraph) -presentation USGS maps UTMS descriptive text justification of exception FAIRPORT HARBOR, LAKE CO., OH FAIRPORT HARBOR WEST BREAKWATER LIGHT FAIRPORT HARBOR, LAKE Co., OH #3 0F 7 FAIRPOKT HARBOR WEST BREAKWATER LIBHT FAIRPORT HARBOR, LAKE Co.

, OH FAIRPORT HARBOR WEST BREAKWATER LIGHT FAIRPORT HARBOR, LAKE Co., OH TAIRPORT HARBOR, LAKE Co., OH FAIRPORT HARBOR WEST BREAKWATER LIBHT FAIRPORT HARBOR , LAKE Co., OHt COMMERCIAL SURVEY CO. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROAD CLASSIFICATION MENTOR QUADRANGLE