Nomination for Maynard, Charles, House

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

364 OMB No. 1024-0018 NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 10-90) RECEIVED 2280 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service MAR - 5 lYJO National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NATIONAL PARK SERVICE This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions.

Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name Charles Maynard House other names/site number 2. Location street & number_459 Crafts Street - N/A not for publication city or town Newton N/Avicinity state Massachusetts code MA _ county_Middlesex code_017 _ Zip code_02165 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination - request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of storic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property mationaly de s aeide t o Nay.

aL See ter inuation Sheet for adithanal commeety be considered signicant udit-B.MiDonona Signature of certifying officia/Title Judith B. McDonough, Executive Director 2/29/96 Massachusetts Historical Commission, State Historic Preservation Officer State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property [ meets [ does not meet the National Register criteria. ([ See continuation sheet for additional Comments.) Signature of certifying official/Title Date State or Federal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification 1, hereby certify that this property is: IVentered in the National Register - See continuation sheet. - determined eligible for the National Register - See continuation sheet.

- determined not eligible for the National Register - removed from the National Register - other (explain): Colsok Beall Cason Date of Action 4.4-90 Charles Maynard House Name of Property 5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) X private - public-local _ public-State - public-Federal Category of Property (Check only one box) X building(s) _ district _ site - structure _ object Middlesex, MA County and State Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Contributing Noncontributing 1 buildings sites structures objects Total 1 Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register Name of related multiple property listing (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) Newton MRA 6.

Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions) DOMESTIC: single family dwelling COMMERCE/TRADE: professional EDUCATION: research facility Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) DOMESTIC: multiple dwelling 7. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) LATE VICTORIAN: Queen Anne LATE 19TH & 20TH CENTURY REVIVALS: Colonial Revival Materials (Enter categories from instructions) foundation_STONE: fieldstone wallsWOOD: weatherboard roof_ASPHALT other Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) Charles Maynard House Name of Property 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing.) X A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. X B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. X C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period,ormethod of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. _D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield information important in prehistory or history. Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) Property is: _A owned by religious institution or used for religious purposes. _B removed from its original location.

_C a birthplace or grave. _ D a cemetery. _E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. _ F a commemorative property. Middlesex, MA County and State Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) ARCHITECTURE COMMUNITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION Period of Significance 1897 - 1929 Significant Dates Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) Charles Maynard Cultural Affiliation n/a Architect/Builder unknown _ G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years. Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data: - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 - State Historic Preservation Office CFR 67) has been requested -Other State agency _ previously listed in the National Register Federal agency - previously determined eligible by the National X Local government Register _ University _ designated a National Historic Landmark Other _ recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey Name of repository: # Newton Public Library _ recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Charles Maynard House Name of Property 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property less than one acre - 15,010 sq. ft.

Middlesex, MA County and State UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) 1.19 317860 4691760 Zone Easting Northing 2. Zone Easting Northing 3. Zone 4. Zone Easting Easting _ See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By Gretchen G.

Schuler, preservation consultant to Newton Historic Commission name/title with Betsy Friedberg, National Register Director, MHC Northing Northing organization_Massachusetts Historical Commission street & number_220 Morrissey Boulevard city or town Boston _ stateMA _ date _February 1996 telephone_617-727-8470 zip code_02125 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. A sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Photographs Representative black and white photographs of the property.

Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) name Jane Saks street & number 459 Crafts Street telephone_617-964-2133 city or town _West Newton state MA . zip code_02165 Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties,and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.).

Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimatedto average 18.1 hours per response including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.O. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. (OPS Form 10000-a United States Department of the Interior Natlonal Park Service Natlonal Register of Historlc Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approvel No. 10240018 Section number Page 1 Charles Maynard House Newton (Middlesex County) Massachusetts 7.

DESCRIPTION Situated on a heavily travelled route connecting Newton and the adjacent City of Waltham, the Charles Maynard House is a fine example of Queen Anne/Colonial Revival architecture and is reminiscent of the commodious houses constructed in suburban Newton in the late nineteenth century. Built on land that was once part of a large farm belonging to Charles Maynard's mother's family and later farmed by his brother, Gilbert Maynard, the elegant home was constructed for Maynard on a half acre lot. No other building associated with Maynard remains in the immediate area. The building lot is consistent with other lots in this suburban area of Newton. Mature coniferous trees are clustered at the southwest corner of the house, near the corner tower. One large oak tree is located at the sidewalk edge of the property near the gravel driveway and parking area.

There are a couple of deciduous trees in the back yard area. Otherwise there are no remarkable landscape details on the lot. The large two and one-half story dwelling with a two and one-half story rear ell rests on a high fieldstone foundation and is sheathed in wood clapboard. The slightly irregular plan with corner tower recalls the Queen Anne style, and much of the small detail is reminiscent of the Colonial Revival period. While the basic form is that of a rectangle, with the attached rear ell part of the original house, the plan is elaborated with projecting bays and a tower with turret, creating interesting interior spaces. ( The three-bay porch with Tuscan-like columns, plain balustrade, and dentil cornice stretches from the southeast corner of the dwelling to the octagonal corner tower.

The main entrance is a wood and glass panel door with rope molding defining the edges of each panel and flanked by a large two-over-one window on the west side and oversized double casement lattice sash on the east side. The second story of the main facade has the projecting two and one-half story corner tower and a second-story projecting polygonal bay on the opposite corner. There is one second-story window between the two projecting forms. The main facade has one third-story templar pedimented dormer set back on the roof straddling the roof of the main block and that of the projecting second-story bay. On the east side there is a first-story projecting octagonal bay with two-over-one sash supporting a rectangular second-story bay with carved fan-like brackets. This projecting element has a tall pedimented gabled dormer with Palladian window (which has a leaded fan light).

In front of the projecting element is one second-story double casement window with leaded diamond lights. The location of this window resting on the first-story band course indicates the stairhall. At the rear of the east side is a one-story, flat roofed rear open entrance porch. (continued) NPS Form 10-000a (8-86) OMBApprovel No.1024-0018 United States Department of the Interlor National Park Service Natlonal Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page. 2 Charles Maynard House Newton (Middlesex County) Massachusetts The west elevation which is shielded by coniferous trees and not particularly visible due to the drop in terrain displays a high above-grade foundation wall, a first-story oriel (which now is supported by tall iron posts), and a pediment dormer with paired sash of leaded lattice lights-over-one.

The north or rear elevation of the house shows the attached rear ell with same foundation as the main block and a raised basement door cut into this foundation. There are three first-story windows each with two-over one sash, a single second-story window, and a double sash dormer. The tall brick chimney rising from the rear ell is best seen on the east side. Unifying details are the wood band courses which wrap around the building at the base (watertable) and the first-story level, and the cornice molding which is further elaborated with a dentil course and a wide rake. The corner tower with turret top is the most intricate part of the design and retains the diminutive pediment dormers with diamond-shaped leaded sash. The wide entablature of the tower between the second-story window and the eave once had a molded plaster decorative trim.

This has been reworked with an elaborate decorative stencil pattern. The interior spaces were altered only slightly in the 1956 conversion from a single-family dwelling to a two-family. A wall was erected in the original entrance hall leading to the two apartments, one on the first floor and one on the second and third floors. The first floor pantry was converted to a bathroom and a second-story rear bedroom was converted to a kitchen. Otherwise the house retains its original plan. Interior details have been retained throughout the house. A decorative stained wood fireplace wall with roundheaded mirror, bracketed mantel, and overmantel supported by collonettes with wood floral swag details is found in the first floor parlor (now bedroom). Wide wood rounded arches frame the entrances to the first- and second-story parlors built into the tower.

Late nineteenth century decorative window and door surrounds also have been retained and add ornamentation to the first and second floor rooms. The heavy oak newel post with beaded detail and the balustrade of the main staircase are retained also as part of the second-story apartment. Substantial preservation of the building has recently taken place including replacement of intricate plaster detail on the turret with a stencilled facsimile and a complex painting scheme for the entire dwelling, which gives clear definition to the design details. The plaster ornamentation was completely disintegrated. Stencilling was completed as a affordable way in which to evoke a similar effect.

When converted to a two-family dwelling in 1956, the porch was altered by the removal of a projecting octagonal end (on the east side), which had been part of the original design and had echoed the corner tower on the southwest end of the main facade. (continued) NPS Form 10-000+ (8-66) OMB Approvel No. 10240018 United States Department of the Interlor National Park Service Natlonal Register of Historlc Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7,8 Page 3,1 Charles Maynard House Newton (Middlesex County) Massachusetts Archaeological Description While no prehistoric sites are currently recorded on the Maynard House property, it is possible that sites are present. One prehistoric site is recorded in the general area (within one mile).

In general, however, the potential for significant prehistoric archaeological remains is low because of the small lot size (.35 acres), historic development on the lot, and because the locational criteria (slope, drainage, distance to water) of the property are not particularly favorable for prehistoric settlement. A low potential also exists for significant historic archaeological remains on the property. No evidence currently exists for outbuildings, occupational related features, or agricultural use of the area pre-dating house construction on the property. A remote possibility exists for archaeological survivals that indicate that Maynard conducted taxidermy activities or sold naturalist supplies at the house; however, the potential for survivals of these activities at the house is also low. (end) 8.

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Charles Maynard House retains its 1897 plan, form and style. It is reflective of late nineteenth and early twentieth century development in Newton neighborhoods subdivided with commodious dwellings of interesting detail. The property is significant for its association with well-known taxidermist and ornithologist Charles Johnson Maynard (1845-1929), who built the house and lived here from 1897 until his death. The building is also important for its high-quality architectural character, a combination of two popular turn-of-the-century styles. Therefore the property meets Criteria A, B, and C of the National Register of Historic Places and is significant at the local level. It retains integrity of location, design, materials, workmanship, and association.

Maynard's parents, Samuel and Emeline Sawyer, married in 1831 and resided on the Maynard Farm, formerly a large farm of Mrs. Maynard's family, where Charles lived as a young boy. Maynard worked as a taxidermist and was a self-taught ornithologist. He had a store and laboratory at 447 Crafts Street (no longer extant) in the 1860s and 1870s. No further information about the store exists. In 1881 Maynard moved his home and store to Boston and was well known as the Naturalist Bureau. His business, called C.J. Maynard & Co. Publishers, specializing in artistic and scientific taxidermy, was located at 9 Pemberton Square and later at 339 Washington Street. Maynard lectured on ornithology at Massachusetts Agricultural College in Amherst and maintained the LaFresnaye collection of stuffed birds now at the Boston Society of Natural History. (continued) NPS Form 10-000a (8-86) OMB Approvei No.

10240018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Sectlon number 8, 9 Page 2,1 Charles Maynard House Newton (Middlesex County) Massachusetts In 1889 Maynard returned to Newton and lived on Crafts Street near the Waltham line and continued his business of taxidermy, selling naturalist supplies, and teaching courses in ornithology. The exact location is unknown, and City Directories as well as City Atlases do not indicate the residence or store of Charles Maynard, only Gilbert Maynard's extensive farm and farmhouse (no longer extant). In publish his observations and lectures in the form of small pamphlets called Records, available by subscription.

Maynard also was the author of at least eleven books including such titles as Eggs of North American Birds (1890), Birds of North America(1891), Manual of North American Butterflies (1891), Methods of Mass Study in Twelve Lessons (1905), and Warblers of New England (1905). Maynard lived in his home at 459 Crafts Street until his death in 1929, after which family members lived there until 1953. In 1956 the house was converted to a two-family dwelling with minimal changes made to the overall plan. The house continues to have two dwelling units, one on the first floor and one on the second and third floor. (end) 9. MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Atlases of City of Newton; 1874, 1886, 1896, 1907. Directories of the City of Newton, 1883-1900.

Dictionary of American Biography Who's Who in America 1897-1942 (end) NPS Form 10-900a 6-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approvel No. 10240018 Section number 10 1 Page - Charles Maynard House Newton (Middlesex County) Massachusetts 10. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA Verbal Boundary Description The property at 459 Crafts Street is described on City of Newton's Assessor's Maps as Section 34, Block 04, Lot 06 and is the same as Plan 1658 of 1953 filed at the Middlesex Registry of Deeds, Cambridge Massachusetts and recorded in Book 8141, Page 275.

Verbal Boundary Justification The Charles Maynard House and lot as shown on City of Newton's Assessor's Maps is the same lot that whe subdlivid si for the constnution anf tis palvelia far hr su50i0 iou are fic havedben asociated of the area from open farm land to suburban subdivision.

(end) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAEVARUATTON/OEURN SHEC PLACES REQUESTED ACTION: NOMINATION PROPERTY NAME: Maynard, Charles, House MULTIPLE NAME: Newton MRA STATE & COUNTY: MASSACHUSETTS, Middlesex DATE RECEIVED: DATE OF 16TH DAY: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: 3/05/96 4/04/96 DATE OF PENDING LIST: DATE OF 45TH DAY: 3/19/96 4/19/96 REFERENCE NUMBER: 96000364 NOMINATOR: STATE REASONS FOR REVIEW: APPEAL: N OTHER : REQUEST: N SAMPLE: COMMENT WAIVER: N VACCEPT DATA PROBLEM: N LANDSCAPE: N LESS THAN 50 YEARS: PERIOD: N SIR DRAFT: N NATIONAL: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: N N N RETURN REJECT 4.4. %6DATE ABSTRACT/ SUMMARY COMMENTS: Entered in the National Register RECOM./CRITERIA REVIEWER TELEPHONE - DISCIPLINE DATE DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N NEcUTOn.

MA (Midblesex County, MA) Chanles layxer touse 459 Crafts St Joeze Seks, prtogeather 1992 Negative located with photographer Photo # 1 96 NEceTen. TVA (Middlesex County MA) Charles layar tarse 459 Cha/tSt Gane Saks, phatgraphen 1992 Negative located with photographer Phots #2 of b NseTen, MA 459 Crafts 5t Chianles leen douse 3Schely, phingrapher 1993 Negathue licaled with prtogagher. Puoto #3 if 6 QUALITY PAPER MADE IN GERMANI NECeROn, MA (Middlesex County. chanles lcpand tame G.Schele, phatogapher 459 CraßL 199} Negative located with photographer Phate #4 of b NEceTh, MA (Middlesex County, mA) Charles Mayn huse 459 Cras Jt G-Schuler, photographer 199} Negative located with plstographer Photo #5 0f 6 NsuTn. MA (Middlesex County , mA) Chanles Mayand House 459 Craßs S.

Schcelen , photographer (993 Negatiue tocated with photographer Phots # 6 of b The Commonwealth of Massachusetts William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth Massachusetts Historical Commission February 27, 1996 RECEIVED 2280 Ms. Carol Shull Keeper National Register of Historic Places Department of the Interior National Park Service P. O. Box 37127 Washington, D. C. 20013-7127 MAR - 5 1996 AT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACE ATIONAL PARK SERVI( Dear Ms. Shull, Enclosed please find the following nomination form: Charles Maynard House, 459 Crafts Street, Newton (Middlesex County), Massachusetts 02165 The nomination has been voted eligible by the State Review Board and has been signed by the State Historic Preservation Officer.

The owners of the property were notified of pending State Review Board consideration 60 to 120 days before the meeting and were afforded the opportunity to comment. Sincerely, Betoy Betsy Friedberg HFredheg National Register Director Massachusetts Historical Commission enclosure CC: Ms. Jane Saks, 459 Crafts St., Newton John Rodman, Chairperson, Newton Historical Commission Cynthia S. Creem, President, Board of Aldermen, City of Newton Gretchen Schuler, Newton Historical Commission staff 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 - (617) 727-8470 Fax: (617) 727-5128 TDD: 1-800-392-6090