Nomination for Burchfield Homestead

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 10024-0018 (Oct. 1990) PEB I 1 1999 NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name Location - not for publication n/a - vicinity n/a 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this 5d nomination Ohio Historic Preservation Office -- OH SHPO: State of Federal agency and bureau Signature of commenting official/Title National Park Service Certification Signature of the Keeper - See continuation sheet.

- determined not eligible for the - removed from the National -other. (explain:) state Date Ohio Salem RECEIVED Register. National Register Registration Form Burchfield Homestead Charles Ephraim Burchfield House other names/site number United States Department of the Interior request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of National Register of Historic Places National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking xin the appropriate box or National Park Service This form is for use innominating orrequesting determinations for individual properties and districts.See instructionsin How to Comptete tre Date of Action 1-28-99 city or town 867 East Fourth Street street & number. code Dept.

Head I hereby certify that the property is: S entered in the National Register. comments.) meets does not meet the National Register criteria.I recommend that this property be considered significant In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria.(See continuation sheet for additional Columbiana County, Ohio County and State 5. Classification _ buildings - public-local - public-State - public-Federal . structures . objects Name of related multiple property listing 6. Function or Use 7.

Description late 19th century-no style foundation uncoursed cut stone, rock-faced concrete block late 19th and early 20th century~Colonial Revival roof_asphalt shingle none private district Materials Total Architectural Classification other recreation and culture-museum Narrative Description Historic Functions Burchfield Homestead in the National Register (Enter categories from instructions) Noncontributing Current Functions domestic-single dwelling walls wood (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Number of Resources within Property Name of Property Number of contributing resources previously listed Category of Property Ownership of Property site (Check as many boxes as apply) (Check only one box) National Park Service Burchfield Homestead Columbiana County, Ohio . Section number .

SECTION 7-ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION Located at 867 East Fourth Street on the north side of a.33 acre parcel of land at the corner of Fourth Street and a side alley (photos 29 & 30), the Burchfield Homestead is a two story gable and wing house of wooden clapboard siding over balloon frame construction that has modest Colonial Revival asphalt shingle. With only two exceptions (photo 37), the windows are all single-paned double hung sashes, although they are of varying widths, depending on their respective locations. The surrounding neighborhood (photos 27, 28 & 31) is comprised of similar structures built primarily in the late nineteenth century and characterize a simple design that was common to homes of the working class.

Remaining solely residential since its original platting, this neighborhood retains much of its original character, as the vast majority of houses are still present, and very few have had additions Exterior Description The house is of an east-facing T-shaped plan, with the north elevation being the main facade (photo 1). In that respect, the north elevation is two bays wide, with the first bay being the internal space wing is recessed roughly six feet from the facade of the gable-front bay (photo 3). The first story of the north facade is marked by two double-hung windows on the east bay that are proportionately spaced across the facade. The west bay of the north facade contains a sashed and paneled entry door (photo 11) near the junction of the two bays, and one double-hung window situated just west of the center by a balustrade with turned wooden spindles.

The roof of the porch has a low pitch that slopes toward the north. This porch wraps around to shelter the entry door, and its roof line terminates between the entry door and the window to the west. The east bay of the second story of the north facade has north and to the south of the projecting wing. In its width, then, this facade has four bays, two of Continuation Sheet beyond the occasional application of aluminum or vinyl siding. of the bay. Across the east bay is an entry porch, supported by five plain Tuscan columns connected United States Department of the Interior story has only one double-hung window that is directly centered on the facade of that bay.

National Register of Historic Places two double-hung windows situated directly above those of the first story.The west bay of the second details.The house sits atop a foundation of rock-faced concrete block(photo 14) and is roofed in The west elevation (photo 2) is comprised of the bottom portion of the"T"and of the bottom sides within the gable-front portion to the east and the second bay being that of the wing addition.The of the arms of that"T"(photos 3& 13).Therefore,the west facade has two recessed portions to the Page - NPS Form 10-000-a National Park Service Burchfield Homestead which are the recessed portions to the north and south. The remaining two bays are contained within to the extreme north and south. There is, however, one window centrally located in each of the two central bays.

The window in the bay that is just north of center is double hung, while the window to double-hung window each, both of which are centrally located in their respective bays. in the gable-front portion of the house, has four windows that are spaced exactly as those of the north elevation. The west bay, however, has one sashed and paneled rear entry door (photo 12) near the junction of the two bays, one external brick and mortar chimney, centrally located on the bay, and one door and extending to the west side of the chimney is a shallow, ground-level porch with a sloping hung window near the junction of the two bays. The east elevation (photo 6) has three bays, all equally distributed within the interior space. The first centrally located in its facade. The south bay of the second story has one double hung window that is situated just north of the center of the bay.

The central bay has two double-hung windows that are located on the extreme north and south ends of the bay. The north bay has one double-hung window that is centrally located, directly above the first story window of that bay. Interior Description The first floor contains all of the public and service rooms in the house. The wing addition has been divided into three rooms: an entry hall (photos 15 & 16), a kitchen (photos 22 & 37), and a wardrobe. gable front portion of the house also has three main rooms: a parlor (photos 32 & 36), a living room (photos 33, 35 & 36), and a dining room (photo 34). The parlor is to the extreme north of the house & 21) in the projecting bay is situated on the west side of the living room. Separating the living room Page double-hung windows that are separated by six inch wooden mullions.

The north bay has one window Continuation Sheet the westward-projecting wing. The first story of the west facade has no windows or doors on the bays The south elevation (photo 5) is nearly identical to the north elevation. The east bay, again contained United States Department of the Interior Columbiana County, Ohio has a one-story box projection (photo 7) that serves as an interior window seat. This has three narrow, casement window set high in the wall near the southwest corner of the bay. Sheltering the rear entry National Register of Historic Places asphalt shingle roof and concrete base (photo 4).

The second story of this bay has only one double The stairway(photo17)to the second floor runs west to east and is contained in the entry hall.The story of this elevation has one double-hung window that is central in the south bay.The central bay the south of center is of a casement style and set high in the wall.The second story bays have one and is separated by the centrally located living room by a wide doorway. The window seat (photos 20 OMB Approval Na 1024-0018 Section number - National Park Service Burchfield Homestead Section number - from the dining room is another square doorway. Running from the west side of the dining room toward the kitchen is a long, narrow hallway (photo 23). by the Burchfield family in 1910.

On the west end of the south wall in the parlor is a miscellany of caricatures (photo 18) including images of Fred Burchfield, the youngest of the Burchfield children, and Joseph Burchfield, the fourth of the six children. These drawings date from June 2, 1910, as The second floor is divided much the same as the first. Bedrooms (photos 25 & 38) are located above the entry hall, parlor, living room, and dining room. The bathroom is located directly above the to provide the bedroom with better lighting to make it an art studio for Charles Burchfield. The basement, accessible by way of a stair that descends westward from the east end of the kitchen, was expanded in 1910, thè west wall of the foundation was demolished, and the original room was expanded westward. This is evidenced by an interior view of the basement foundation (photo 26).

Contained within the front-gabled portion of the current house, the original building was considerably alterations undertaken by the Burchfield family. The arrangement of the new interior resembled more of the Colonial Revival Style of interior architecture that was popular circa 1910. sometime after 1912 in the central bedroom in the eastern portion of the house. This was intended Continuation Sheet United States Department of the Interior labeled in the scroll drawn by Fred Burchfield. On the west wall of the parlor is a large caricature smaller than its later incarnation. Based on the pre-1910 floor plans drawn by Charles Burchfield (see kitchen.

Running north to south in the easternmost part of the wing is a hallway (photo 24) that Of particular importance in the parlor are two sets of caricature drawings (photos 18& 19) completed attached floor plans),the interior of the original house was completely gutted during the 1910 Columbiana County, Ohio below the black mark to the right of the image, with the name of its subject. National Register of Historic Places is comprised of one large room that exhibits the two main phases of construction.The first begin, the wing was not originally part of the house.

Instead, the original structure of the Burchfield incarnation of the house had only a small basement with curved walls lined in brick.When the house drawing of Louise Burchfield(photo 19),the third oldest of the siblings.This drawing is also labeled, A few changes have been made to this house since its original construction in the early 1890s.To connects the rooms. Of special note on the second floor is a skylight (photo 25) that was installed 7 - Page - Homestead was a rectangular, front-gabled two-story frame residence of eight rooms and one bath. Columbiana County, Ohio . Section number - In the later half of the twentieth century, the house was turned into two apartments, and much of the interior space had been changed yet again. The first floor comprised one of the two apartments, with entry through the south door off of the kitchen.

This required the plastering over of four doorways. fourth connected the kitchen to the stair. As a result, the molding surrounding these doorways was removed. The second floor was the additional apartment, and access to it was through the north, or rooms above remained intact. the fact that the original wood had been disposed of by a prior owner. All of the original windows synthetic materials. The second-floor skylight, although in its original location, has been replaced with clapboard was removed, and the current owner conducted an analysis of the paint on the clapboard. enhanced by the addition of the original paint color. parking garage (photos 8, 9, & 10) of painted concrete block and wooden siding with an asphalt shingle roof.

The garage is less than fifty years old and, therefore, a noncontributing factor to the architectural context of the Burchfield Homestead Outbuilding Continuation Sheet Page Burchfield Homestead doorway connecting the parlor to the living room was made more narrow, and its molding was also Within the past two years, restorative efforts have been undertaken by the current owner of the have been replaced with modern ones, but remain sympathetic to the original appearance of the removed. A doorway was cut in the wall between the kitchen and the telephone room. The wide National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior house. The new windows are the same size as the originals, and the interior material of the individual main, entry door. The stair railing and balusters were removed. However, all the molding in the property.

All of the original doorways have been reestablished, and in-kind replacement of all the Although the extensive deterioration of the wood necessitated its in-kind replacement, this was original molding has also taken place. The reconstruction of the door moldings was necessary due to modern materials due to the leaking of the original. The asbestos siding that covered the original sashes is made of wood.For reasons of economy and efficiency, the exterior of the sashes is made of The first three connected the north entry hall with the parlor, telephone room and kitchen. The National Park Service OME Approval Na. 1024-0018 South of the house, on the extreme southern end of the property, is a one story, front-gabled, two-bay (8-86) Columbiana County, Ohio 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Areas of Significance -A Property is associated with events that have made our history. - B Property is associated with the lives of persons - C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses - D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) 1898, 1910, 1922 - B removed from its original location. Charles Ephraim Burchfield - C a birthplace or grave. - D a cemetery. - E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. - F a commemorative property. -G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years.

- preliminary determination of individual listing (36 - State Historic Preservation Office CFR 67) has been requested - Other State agency - previously listed in the National Register - Federal agency - previously determined eligible by the National - Local government - University - designated a National Historic Landmark - Other - recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey 1. Salem Public Library 2. Collection of the J recorded by Historic American Engineering Register unknown Previous documentation on file (NPs): n/a art 1898-1922 religious purposes. Criteria Considerations Bibliography individual distinction. Architect/Builder Significant Dates Cultural Affiliation Period of Significance distinguishable entity whose components lack Significant Person Burchfield Homestead Narrative Statement of Significance 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References significant in our past. Societv (Enter categories from instructions) Primary location of additional data: Property is: Applicable National Register Criteria A owned by a religious institution or used for Name of repository: County and State for National Register listing.) high artistic values, or represents a significant and a significant contribution to the broad patterns of (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) Record # Name of Property (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) Burchfield Homestead .

Section number SECTION 8-STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Burchfield Homestead qualifies for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places under the boyhood home of twentieth century watercolorist Charles Ephraim Burchfield from 1898 until 1922, when the painter moved to Buffalo, New York. Throughout his life, he participated in over two hundred painting and fine arts exhibitions, achieved honorary degrees from schools nationwide, and was appointed to several boards, committees, and exhibition juries. Burchfield is best known as an American landscape painter, focusing throughout his life on the buildings, neighborhoods, and landscapes of his native home town of Salem, Ohio.

In 1898, at the age of five, Charles Ephraim Burchfield moved to Salem, Ohio with his mother, Alice mother's hometown, and they were returning there from Ashtabula, Ohio after the death of his father Then a very small, rectangular house, it was hardly large enough for the family of seven. Only one photograph of the house exists from this period (Illustration F). Here the building is obviously a one and one-half story gable-front structure. The view is of the northwest corner of the house. and work in order to support the family.? According to the Salem city directories, Charles also went to work in 1909 for Floding's Drug Store in downtown Salem. Not long afterward, he received a position as a clerk for the Mullins Company, a local manufacturer of ornamental architectural 'Baur, John I, "Burchfield in Ohio," The Early Works of Charles Burchfield: 1915-1921, Merribell Parsons, ed.

(Columbus: The Columbus Museum of Art, 1987), 10. 2Wootten, Richard. "Burchfield Homestead Society Website," http://www.salemohio. com/burchfield/salemhomestead.html, 2. Page Columbiana County, Ohio United States Department of the Interior Continuation Sheet Criterion B. Located in a late nineteenth century working class neighborhood, the house served as National Park Service National Register of Historic Places a year earlier.With the help of her relatives, they purchased the house at 867 East Fourth Street. Always very poor, the Burchfields relied on the incomesof the older children who had to quit school Murphy Burchfield, and five siblings, James, Frances, Louise, Joseph, and Fred. Salem had been his OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Burchfield Homestead Throughout their early hardships, though, Charles developed a growing interest in art.

He began painting while very young, at first for school projects, and then on his own. As a boy, he studied the however, did not stop there, for the lighting used by northern painters such as Titian and Peter Brueghel also influenced him greatly. Of later painters, he liked Van Gogh, Cezanne, and Degas; but it was the landscapes of Gustav Courbet that he loved the most and which probably had the greatest In 1911, Charles Burchfield graduated as valedictorian from Salem High School, an accomplishment of which he was quite proud' Pursuing his interest in art, he enrolled in the Cleveland School of Art and studied there from 1912 to 1916. During the summers, he would return home to resume working for the Mullins Company and to paint during his leisure time. Burchfield developed, over these locations in remote areas of the surrounding farmland.

The 1916 painting Valley Road with House surrounding his home on East Fourth Street, sometimes painting outside scenes from inside the North by Midwest (New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1997), 268. *Morse, John, Transcript of Interview with Charles Burchfield (August 1959), 11-12. SWootten, Richard, "Burchfield's Salem, Ohio," The Early Works of Charles E. Burchfield: 1915-1921, Merribell Parsons, ed. (Columbus: The Columbus Museum of Art, 1987), 19. Wootten, Richard, "Burchfield's Places: The Eyes of Houses," The Paintings of Charles Burchfield: North by Midwest, Nannette V. Maciejunes and Michael D. Hall, eds., (Columbus: The Columbus Museum of Art, 1987, 265. Maciejunes and Hall, 268. Continuation Sheet small house into one of the largest homes in the neighborhood. surroundings and the neighborhoods of Salem.

He traveled at length by foot to find suitable painting Columbiana County, Ohio United States Department of the Interior National Park Service ironwork.It was at this time that the Burchfield family had amassed enough money to expand their works of Renaissance painters, focusing on Giotto, Da Vinci, and Michelangelo. His interest, National Register of Historic Places years, a distinct love for nature and natural themes. He painted continuously, always focusing on his effect on his desire to be an artist. (Illustration I) is of a farmhouse along a country road near Salem.He painted neighborhoods MPS Form 10-000-a OMB Approval Na 1024-0018 Page Section number 3Maciejunes, Nannette V. and Michael D. Hall, eds, The Paintings of Charles Burchfield: house.

Illustration J shows the locations and directions of many of his paintings of the house and its The Sleet Storm (Illustration H, Photos 31 and 39), one of Burchfield's many paintings of the houses surrounding his home, depicts the house directly across East Fourth Street. In 1916, Charles Burchfield graduated from the Cleveland School of Art and returned home to work, once again, for the Mullins Company as an accountant.® Since Burchfield was so inspired by nature and natural lighting, his mother had a skylight installed in the ceiling of his bedroom. A somber view painted the interior of his bedroom at night, with only the electric light that emanated from a wall sconce. During this period, Charles Burchfield painted continuously in his free time, as he had during artistically than years prior.

It was in 1917 that Charles Burchfield completed his largest mass of work This painting streak would continue until the summer of 1918, when he was drafted into the United went to war) caused him to change his painting style, depicting more melancholic scenes than ever a profound effect on Burchfield's painting. A 1916 diary entry, however, reveals that this concept was already present in some of his work, for he wrote that houses are creatures, each with a different "May, Stephen, "The Inlander," American Heritage (March 1997), 90. Ibid, 91. see also Wootten, Richard, Burchfield Homestead Society Website, 1. "Wooten, Richard, "Burchfield's Places: The Eyes of Houses," 265. during one whole year, painting between two and four hundred paintings. Later in his career, Page 10Baur, 12-13.

Continuation Sheet Ohio, a book in which houses are anthropomorphized as being faces with windows for eyes. This had Section number United States Department of the Interior National Register of Historic Places Burchfield Homestead personality and physical characteristics. buildings. In 1919, after returning from training camp, he read Sherwood Anderson's Winesburg, Columbiana County, Ohio exterior views.He painted his neighbors'houses and the commercial buildings in downtown Salem. his summers home from school.However, the following year would be different-more successful National Park Service States Army.When he returned six months later, the exacting toll of training camp (Burchfield never of this may be seen in his painting The Salem Bedroom Studio (Illustration G).In this work, Burchfield OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Burchfield would refer to 1917 as his"golden year.

Another characteristic of Burchfield's post-army painting is his caricature of Salem's before.'o OMB Approval Na. 1024-0018 Columbiana County, Ohio With his first one-man show in New York City in 1920, Charles Burchfield emerged on the national scene. From that show stemmed a debate about his feelings for Salem that raged on even after his ...W]hatever I am as an artist is due at least partly to the rightness of have preferred to Salem, as a place to grow up in; not only for its physical characteristics, but for the people who lived there and with In 1922, Burchfield married Bertha Kenreich, from nearby Greenford, Ohio, and they moved from and Sons.

By 1929, Burchfield had become the head of the design department there, but he soon hardships brought on by the Great Depression, Charles Burchfield was one of the few artists successful During his first years in Buffalo, Charles Burchfield lived in two different houses, both of which are Register of Historic Places district accepted to the register in 1980. In 1925, the family moved to a small community called West Seneca, outside Buffalo. The Burchfield house in West Seneca is not listed on the National Register. From the 1930s through the 1960s, Charles Burchfield exhibited regularly in painting and art shows worldwide. In 1930, Burchfield's early work was featured in a solo exhibit at the newly formed Memories," Antiques (March 1997), 458. death. Responding in a 1938 consolatory letter to the residents of Salem, he wrote: 14Maciejunes and Hall, 269.

13Shaffer, Dale E., Salem: Echoes of the Past (Salem, Ohio: unpublished work, 1997), 145. my early environment. There is no town or city anywhere that I would Continuation Sheet Burchfield Homestead National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior 12Maciejunes Nannette V., and Norine S. Hendricks,"Charles Burchfield's Painted whom I was associated in various ways. National Park Service located within the historic artist's community known as the Allen Town Historic District, a National 15Stretch, Bonnie Barrett, "The Last Panthiest," Art News (May 1984), 119. Section number Columbiana County, Ohio, to Buffalo, New York, where he began designing wallpaper for M. H. Birge enough to support his wife and four children on his income as a painter.

Page resigned from the position in order to devote his time entirely to painting.Despite the financial MPS Form 10-900-a Museum of Modern Art." In 1934, he was even included in the Nineteenth International Venice Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, the Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh, the Metropolitan and Whitney Museums in New York City, and the Hermitage in St. Petersburg Throughout his life, Burchfield's memories of his childhood Salem figure prominently in his innocence was a common thread that ran through the works of many early twentieth century artists.

of Charles Burchfield states: Like many other early twentieth-century artists Burchfield believed that children, because of their innocence and their freedom from the constrictions of the adult mind, have a privileged connection to a pure work was so strong in both America and Europe that artists such as Through his outstanding-performance as an artist and his wide range of exhibitions, Burchfield became affiliated with several of the top fine arts institutions. These included The American Society 1Maciejunes and Hall, 269-271. Charles Burchfield," CEB Archival Report (fall 1994), 4. Page Burchfield Homestead National Register of Historic Places 16Kramer, Hilton,"A Nativist Who Painted Light," New York Times (October 30, 1977). Continuation Sheet Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, and Pablo Picasso were collecting, 18Charles E.

Burchfield: The Sacred Woods," CEB Archival Report (spring 1993), 3. Biennial, one of the world's most prestigious international fine arts exhibitions. His work has been Columbiana County, Ohio National Park Service Nannette Maciejunes, senior curator of the Columbus Museum of Art and a specialist in the works Section number paintings. The Burchfield family home is "a building of extraordinary significance, for it.inspired United States Department of the Interior 19Henry Adams, Leer to Dr.Jeffrey A. Drobney, September 14, 1998, 1. 20Maciejunes and Hendricks,465. see also J.Benjamin Townsend,"Down the Road with imaginative state.Indeed,belief in the importance of children's art studying, and copying i. OMB Approval Na.

1024-0018 Burchfield's greatest paintings over the course of his career."9 This reflection upon childhood Section number - of Painters, Sculptors and Engravers, The American Water Color Society, and the Aquarelle Group committees worldwide, including a seat on the Board of Trustees of the American Academy in Rome. Although there has been much debate over his classification as a painter, with some labeling him a Burchfield was an individualist, carving his own definition of art out of the world around him. He his importance to the development of a distinctly American style of painting. Beginning with his 1930 'Howett, Thomas R. and Mary B. Howett, The Salem Story, 1806-1956 (Salem, Ohio: The Salem Historical Society, 1956), 135. (March 3, 1960). "Stretch, 119. 24Harris, Kurt Green, "Charles Burchfield," Living American Art Bulletin (July 1939), 3. 25 Maciejunes and Hendricks, 465.

Page granted it to Charles Burchfield for his outstanding contributions to the field of American painting. Continuation Sheet of the National Academy. Throughout the later half of his life he served on several boards and of the most successful American painters, and as the most successful American watercolorist.

In Columbiana County, Ohio 2"Immanuel Lutheran Parishioner to Receive High Art Honor," East Aurora Advertiser Burchfield Homestead His contemporaries identified him with American scene painting, a label that he eschewed.Rather, United States Department of the Interior National Register of Historic Places continues to have a lasting impact in the American art world.Each new show continues to reaffirm National Institute of Arts and Letters the highest award offered by that institution.Its Award for Museum of Modern Art show, at which the museum's director referred to his work as"one of the Merit Medal is only conferred upon one individual every five years, and in 1960,the organization National Park Service OMB Approval Na 1024-0018 He received four honorary doctoral degrees, of which the most prestigious was the Doctor of Fine Arts most isolated and original phenomena in American Art,"?

Charles Burchfield has been lauded as one 26May, 96. MPS Form 10-900-a U. S. watercolorist." Six years later, a passage from an exhibition catalogue read, "Nothing in recent American art seems more directly wrenched out of the inner experience, nothing more acutely felt or of American Art in Youngstown, Ohio, has referred to Burchfield as "Ohio's greatest contribution to Burchfield is generally recognized as the most important artist from the state of Ohio, and in my view ranks among the most extraordinary American artists of any period. His work is represented in every major extraordinary work in three very different styles. Burchfield's early work, which reached its peak in 1917, has a visionary and modern legendary director of the Museum of Modern Art, who organized a seminal exhibition of watercolors from this early period.

Burchfield's expressionism which has striking parallels with the work of the New York: State University College, 1963), 2. Page response to his 1956 show at the Whitney Museum, Time magazine listed him as the"greatest living continued: dissolve normal modes of representation into a kind of visionary Section number National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Burchfield Homestead Burchfield was three distinct great artists, since he produces United States Department of the Interior Edward Hopper as the most haunting presentations of the American Columbiana County, Ohio 28"Art from Nature," Time January 23, 1956), 72. National Park Service small town ever created.Finally, Burchfield's late work seems to character.

It's exceptional quality was recognized by Alfred Barr, the painting of the1930s are also outstanding.They rank with those of and curator of American Art at the Cleveland Museum of Art has stated that Charles Ephraim 30Drobney, Jeffrey, Interview with Dt. Louis Zona July 22, 1998). OMB Approval Na 1024-0018 the visual arts."3 Dr. Henry Adams, Professor of American Art at Case Western Reserve University "Charles Burchfield: Recent Paintings, Upton Hall Gallery Exhibition Catalogue (Buffalo: American art museum. Indeed, one might almost imagine that Columbiana County, Ohio Section number - Abstract Expressionists.

Perhaps no other American artist has sustained such a high level of emotional intensity over so long a period Burchfield's boyhood home in Salem, Ohio is a building of extraordinary significance, for it...inspired Burchfield's greatest Burchfield's art, a visit to the home is a startling experience, for every window. I cannot think of another building in America which Charles Ephraim Burchfield died in 1967, leaving behind his wife, Bertha, and their son and four daughters. One year prior, The Charles Burchfield Art Center was organized in Buffalo, New York. Center, which then changed its name to the Burchfield-Penny Art Center." Since his death, the work including two in 1997, at the Smithsonian in Washington, D. C. and another at the Columbus 32 Ibid. 33 Maciejunes and Hall, 271.

Page National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet has inspired so many masterpieces, or which has played such a key role Burchfield Homestead United States Department of the Interior Museum of Art. In 1994, Charles Rand Penney donated his vast collection of Burchfield's work to the Burchfield Art National Park Service of Charles Burchfield has been displayed at several retrospective exhibitions throughout the nation, virtually every room inspired a major painting-as did the view from paintings over the course of his career.For anyone familiar with OMB Approval Na 1024-0018 in a great artist's imaginative vision. Burchfield Homestead SECTION 9-MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Adams, Henry. Letter to Dr. Jeffrey A. Drobney. September 14, 1998. Company, 1902. Merribell Parsons, ed. Columbus: The Columbus Museum of Art, 1987. Burchfield, Charles E.

Interview by John Morse, August, 1959. Collection of the library of the Butler Institute of Art. Youngstown, Ohio. Charles Burchfield: Recent Paintings. Upton Hall Gallery Exhibition Catalogue. Buffalo, New York: State University College, 1963. Columbiana County, Ohio: Plat Book Index of Owners and City Street Maps. La Porte, Indiana: Town and Country Publishing, 1975. "Focus on Burchfield: Excerpts from the New York Symposium." CEB Archival Report (Winter Hall, Michael D. "Burchfield's Regionalism: The Middle Border and the Great Divide." The Paintings of Charles Burchfield: North by Midwest, Nannette V. Maciejunes and Michael D. Hall, eds. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1997. Columbiana County, Ohio National Register of Historic Places National Park Service Continuation Sheet 1993): 3. Atlas of Surveys of Columbiana County, Ohio.

Lisbon, Ohio: The Columbiana County Map and Atlas United States Department of the Interior "Art from Nature." Time (January 23, 1956): 72. "Charles E.Burchfield: The Sacred Woods."CEB Archival Bulletin (spring 1993):3. Baur,John I.H."Burchfield in Ohio."The Early Works of Charles E.Burchfield:1915.1921, Harris,Kurt Green."Charles Burchfield."Living American Art Bulletin July 1939):3. Baur, John I. H."Charles Burchfield:Origins of Greatness."Timeline (June-July 1986): 2-11. MPS Form 10-900-a Section number - Page OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Columbiana County, Ohio Howett, Thomas R. and Mary B. Howett. The Salem Story: 1806-1956. Salem, Ohio: The Salem Historical Society, 1956. Kramer, Hilton. "A Nativist Who Painted Light." New York Times (October 30, 1977). Lake, D. J., ed. Atlas of Columbiana County, Ohio. Philadelphia: C. O. Titus, Publisher, 1870. Maciejunes, Nannette V.

"Introduction." The Early Works of Charles E. Burchfield, 1915-1921, Merribell Parsons, ed. Columbus: The Columbus Museum of Art, 1987. Antiques (March 1997): 458-469. Stretch, Bonnie Barrett. "The Last Pantheist." Art News (May 1984): 119-123. Wootten, Richard. Burchfield Homestead Sociery Website. http://www.salemohio.com/burchfield/ Wootten, Richard. "Burchfield's Places: The Eyes of Houses." The Paintings of Charles Burchfield: North by Midwest, Nanette V. Maciejunes and Michael D. Hall, eds. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1997. 1926. 1960). salemhomestead.html Townsend, J. Benjamin."Down the Road with Charles Burchfield." CEB Archival Report (spring Continuation Sheet Burchfield Homestead National Register of Historic Places National Park Service Sanborn Map Company.Map of the City of Salem.Pelham, New York: Sanborn Map Company, Maciejunes, Nannette V. and Norine S.

Hendricks."Charles Burchfield's Painted Memories." United States Department of the Interior Shaffer, Dale E. Salem: Echoes of the Past. Salem, Ohio: no publisher, 1997. 1993): 4. "Immanuel Lutheran Parishioner to Receive High Art Honor.East Aurora Advertiser March 3, . Section number. May, Stephen. "The Inlander." American Heritage (March 1997): 90-98. Page . Section number - Wootten, Richard. "Burchfield's Salem, Ohio." The Early Works of Charles E. Burchfield: 1915-1921, Merribell Parsons, ed. Columbus: The Columbus Museum of Art, 1987. Page Continuation Sheet Burchfield Homestead National Register of Historic Places Columbiana County, Ohio National Park Service United States Department of the Interior Zona, Dr. Louis. Interview by Dr. Jeffrey A. Drobney, July 22, 1998. OMB Approval Na. 1024-0018 Columbiana County, Ohio Name of Property 10.

Geographical Data / See continuation sheet (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By name/title - YSU Center for Historic Preservation 17 September 1998 (330) 742-1780 street & number _ - telephone city or town - state _ Submit the following items with the completed form: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) (Completethis item atthe request of SHPO or FPO.) Post Office Box 317 (330) 337-9578 - zip code - of this form to the Chief,Administrative Services Division,National Park Service, P.O.

Box 37127, Washington,DC 20013-7127;and the Office of Youngstown name Easting 44460 Ohio Zone Maps Salem Photographs organization Additional items Northing Additional Documentation Continuation Sheets Burchfield Homestead UTM References Annie McDonald Burchfield Homestead Society Property Owner Verbal Boundary Description County and State Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate One University Plaza additional UTMreferences ona continuation sheet.) Representative black and white photographs af the property. - date A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.).

Acreage of Property - properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Projects (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. less than one-half acre MPS Form 10-000-B . Section number - SECTION 10 Verbal Boundary Description frontage of (40) forty feet on the southerly side of Fourth Street and extends back between parallel lines one hundred forty (140) feet on the westerly side and one hundred forty (140) feet on the easterly (as stated in the deed of sale by Bartchy to Sanders, dated April 9, 1983 and recorded in deed book 83-8, This boundary is intended to include all land located at the current street address 867 East Fourth Street and formerly owned by the Burchfield family from 1898 until 1933.

This boundary currently Page Boundary Justification Burchfield Homestead defines a property line that surrounds two structures: a house that was formerly occupied by the Continuation Sheet Burchfield family and a parking garage that was constructed within the last fifty years. page 298 of the Columbiana County records office) United States Department of the Interior Columbiana County, Ohio National Park Service National Register of Historic Places side and has a rear line of fifty (50) feet as appears by said plat.." plat of said Addition in plat book 2 page 19, of Columbiana County Records. Said Lot 89 has a "..IKJnown as being Lot Number 89 in Benjamin Hawley's Fourth Addition as shown by the recorded Columbiana County, Ohio INDEX TO PHOTOGRAPHS at the Center for Historic Preservation at Youngstown State University.

Description of Photograph the west elevation and a portion of the north elevation the south elevation and the west elevation of the house long view of the east side of the house close-up of the box projection on the east elevation close-up of south (rear) entry door the west elevation of the south (rear) entry porch the exterior foundation and window well view from stair landing to north (front) entry door view from parlor through the entry hall to the wardrobe close-up of a drawing on the west wall of the living room view from parlor through to the box window in the living room close-up of the box window in the living room the interior of the south (rear) entry door view of the hallway from the dining room to the kitchen, showing the pantry the interior of the second floor hallway view of the middle bedroom, showing the window and skylight the interior of the basement foundation, showing materials 07-24-98 west Direction Date northeast east Page the west elevation and south elevation of the garage south Continuation Sheet United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Burchfield Homestead close-up of north (front) entry door close-up of drawings on the west side of the living room the east elevation and north elevation of the garage the north elevation and west elevation of the garage In all cases, these are photographs pertaining to the Burchfield Homestead, located in Columbiana the north elevation of the house the west elevation of the north (front) entry porch view(looking down) from the second floor to the stair landing Photo # OMB Approval Na.

1024-0018 County, Ohio.

In every case, the photographer is Annie McDonald, and all negatives are located Section number Columbiana County, Ohio streetscape view of the properties to the west of the Burchfield view of the alley to the west of the Burchfield Homestead the house located at 868 East Fourth Street (across the street from the Burchfield Homestead) view from the second floor hallway to the northeast bedroom Sleet Storm (also After the Ice Storm), 1920, by Charles Burchfield room west Homestead east north southeast Page view from the entry hall to the parlor 09-17-98 Continuation Sheet United States Department of the Interior National Register of Historic Places Burchfield Homestead National Park Service view of the southwest corner of the kitchen view from the living room to the dining room view from the parlor through the living room to the dining view from the parlor to the southwest corner of the living room Photos Section number Columbiana County, Ohio KEY TO INTERIOR PHOTOGRAPHS (First Floor) telephone room rear porch front porch North Continuation Sheet kitchen National Park Service Burchfield Homestead United States Department of the Interior National Register of Historic Places dining room OMB Approval Na 1024-0018 Lentry hall Page wardrobe/ KEY TO INTERIOR PHOTOGRAPHS (Second Floor) bedroom Continuation Sheet North Columbiana County, Ohio Burchfield Homestead bathroom National Register of Historic Places National Park Service United States Department of the Interior /(skylight) Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, OHio ILLUSTRATION "A" Pictured is the Burchfield family.

At the far right in the back row is Charles Ephraim Burchfield. This family photograph was taken in 1910, soon after the addition to the house. Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio Illustration A Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio ILLUSTRATION "B" interior of the house will change in 1910 with the addition of a wing to the west (right) of the structure. This is Charles Burchfield's plan of the house prior to the 1910 addition. These floor plans were drawn as part of a class project while the artist was attending school in Salem.Note that the entire DINING ROOM Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio FIRST HOUSE KITCH EN LIMNG ROOM Illustration B CHAM BER. DEN Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio ILLUSTRATION "C" of the house containing the kitchen, hall, wardrobe and stair was added during this phase of removed in 1910 to accommodate central heating.

kitchen, an adjacent serving room and the stair hall. This also included a chimney that was construction.Also added was the section of the main house containing the dining room.The This is Charles Burchfield's first floor plan of the house following the 1910 addition. The portion living room and parlor originally housed an entrance"piazza," the den, living room, dining room, entire interior of the original house was altered during these renovations. The area containing the Illustration C Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio PLAN OF KITCHEN PARLOR FIRST TLOOR DINING ROOM PORCH PORGH Burch field Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio ILLUSTRATION "D" After the 1910 addition, there remained on the second floor four bedrooms and a bathroom. within the west wing of the house belonged to Alice Burchfield, the mother of the six siblings.

Directly across the hall, the bedroom to the north of the house was that of the two Burchfield daughters, Frances and Louise. Charles and his three brothers, Joseph, James, and Fred, shared the two adjacent bedrooms to the south. These were, however, considerably larger than they previously were. The bedroom contained Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio BEDROOM BEOROOM Illustration D 135012 Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio Burchfield's plan of the cellar depicts the original cellar, much smaller than the actual house under which it was positioned, and its addition, the roughly square room to the right in the image. The original cellar had only an exterior access in the south, or rear, wall (at the top of the illustration). installed by the Burchfield family.

The new addition accommodated an interior stair and facilities for the new central heating system ILLUSTRATION "E" Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana, County, OHio OLD CELLAR Illustration E PLANOF CELLAR Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio ILLUSTRATION "F" size during the 1910 phase of construction. The frame house, atop a rock-faced sandstone foundation, would be enlarged to twice its original This is an early photograph of a portion of the Burchfield family house prior to the 1910 addition. Illustration F Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, OHio The Salem Bedroom Studio. 1917. 27 3/16 x 22 in. Burchfield-Penney Art Center, Buffalo State Burchfield family home. Note the position of the closet and, more importantly, the skylight (to the left), which help to identify this room. ILLUSTRATION "G" College, Buffalo, New York.

This is Charles Ephraim Burchfield's painting of his room in the Illustration G Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, OHio Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio ILLUSTRATION "H" Buffalo State College, Buffalo, New York. This is Burchfield's painting of the house located directly across the street from the Burchfield Homestead. Charles Burchfield frequently painted the houses in his neighborhood, several of which have changed very little since the early twentieth century. Sleet Storm (also known as After the Ice Storm).1920. 19 x 26 1/ in.Burchfield-Penney Art Center, Illustration H Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio ILLUSTRATION "T" Valley Road with House. ca. 1916. 16 x 21 ½ in. Kennedy Galleries, Inc., New York. This is a painting of a house along the road to Greenford, a community close to Salem.

Illustration I Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio ILLUSTRATION "J" played a great role in virtually all of his paintings of the neighborhood houses, since he frequently position of the painter. relative position and direction of various paintings completed by Charles Burchfield inside and chose his subjects based on the views from the windows.In the Illustration,"X"indicates the The directional arrows inserted into these floor plans of the Burchfield Homestead indicate the around the East State Street house.

Although not always the subject of his paintings, the house Burchfield Homestead, Columbiana County, Ohio » SECOND FLOOR FIRST FLOOR Illustration J UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NAME : OTHER : N PDIL: N PERIOD: N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS: evaluation.

DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N REJECT TELEPHONE RETURN DATE ACCEPT MULTIPLE 2/11/99 3/28/99 3/12/99 EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET DATE RECEIVED: REASONS FOR REVIEW: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF 16TH DAY: REQUESTED ACTION: NOMINATION STATE & COUNTY: OHIO, Columbiana DATE OF PENDING LIST: 2/24/99 REFERENCE NUMBER: 99000320 REVIEWER PHOTO I BURCHFLELD HOMESTEAD BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBLANA COUNTy.OHIO BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO PHOTO 3 COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO PHOTO 4 BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO PHOTO PHOTO 6 BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD LOLUMBCANA COUNTS, OHIO COLUMBLANA COUNTY, OHIO PHOTO 7 BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO 8 BURCHFIELD MOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO PHOTO D BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA LOUNTY, OHIO BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO Il COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHELELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO 12 COLUMBIANA COUNTY, ONTO PHOTO 13 BURCHSIELD HOMESTEAD LOLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFLELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA LOUNTS, OHIO PHOTO 17 BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD BURCHFEELD HOMESTEAD LOLUMBLANA COVNTY, OHIO PHOTOIS COLUMBTANA LOUNTY OHIO BURCHFLELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO BURCHFTEhD HOMESTEAD COLVMBLANA COUNTY,OHIO PHOTO ZI COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFEELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA LOVNTY, OHTO BURCHTLELD HOMESTEAD BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFLELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO ZS COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO 28 BURCHFLELD HOMESTEAD BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBTANA COUNTy OHLO COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO 31 COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA LOUNTY, OHTO PHOTO 33 BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO 34 BURKHFEELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHTO BURCHFIELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO 35 BURCHFEELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO 36 COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO BURCHILELD HOMESTEAD PHOTO BURCHFTELD HOMESTEAD COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO 1994 SALEM QUADRANGLE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNITED STATES SALEM, OHIO AEg DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR COLUMBIANA COUNTY - State Route 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) HOMESTEAD BURCHFIELD 867E.FOU2TH<T CITY OF SALEM 231 S.

BROADWAY AVENUE SALEM, OHIO 44460 October 22, 1998 Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 East Hudson Street Columbus, Ohio 43211-1030 To Whom It May Concern: Hise property and the Burchfield Homestead property should be considered eligible for nomination of the National Register of Historic Places. I hope that you will consider these homes for their historical worth. Mayor of the City of Salem EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER Sincerely, LDD/jks I wish to support the Salem Design Review Board with their decision that the Daniel Howell Larry D. DeJane