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Stonehurst, photograph from the federal nomination
Stonehurst, photograph from the federal nomination

Photographs from the nomination case file, National Park Service records.

Stonehurst

A National Historic Landmark. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. A historic map-sheet match is not published yet. The record needs a coordinate-quality review before it can be joined to a sheet boundary.

From the record

“The tax upon the town for the support of tbe Great Bridge was probably .beginning to be onerous, and the people evidently began to be a little restive under it, for in March, 1788, a committee reported verbally tlmt they were unable to find any grant of land made for its support in which Waltham or Weston liad any interest. Abner Sanderson was, in May, again elected representative, a position which he continued to fill until 1802.”

History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts (1880). Machine-read text.

one of 1100 National Register listings in Middlesex County · listed in 1975 · category: Building · one of 3 National Historic Landmarks in Middlesex County.

Sources: the county history on the Internet Archive · the case file at the National Archives · the National Register database, National Park Service

The listing

  • National Historic Landmark. The highest federal designation, held by about 2,600 places in the country against roughly 100,000 Register listings.
  • What is counted as historic. The nomination lists 1 building as contributing to the listing.
  • Still standing. The Park Service records this property as extant.
  • Address. 577 Beaver St., Waltham, 02452
  • When was it listed? 1975-10-07
  • Category. building
  • Township. Waltham city
  • National Register reference number. 75000291 - the number the National Park Service assigned this property when it was listed, and the key its nomination file is catalogued under at the National Archives.

The ground it stands on

74,798 words

The chapter on Waltham City in History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts : Containing Carefully Prepared Histories of Every City and Town in the County, published 1880 names Waltham. This is what it says, exactly as the scans read.

On the ]-"5th of May, 1715, the town passed a vote " to build a meeting-house for the accommodation of tlir inhabitants of the most westerly part of the town." The former West or Farmers' Precinct having been incor])oratcd as Weston, that part of the town now called Waltham had become the most western division. The vote was not, however, carried into effect, and in Si|)l( inbrr of the same year the Eastern Precind priiiioiiiii the (ienernl Court for separation.

Passage source: History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts : Containing Carefully Prepared Histories of Every City and Town in the County, published 1880.

Leaving now the (piarivl of the eliurehes, we eoiiie to the third, the final, and on that aeeonnt perhaps the principal, cause of the complete with- drawal of the West Precinct, and its formation into a distinct town. As early as January 1720-21 tlie precinct in many things assumed almost complete municipal powers. On the 30th of January, 1720-21, a meeting was held, at which Isaac Mixer was chosen clerk, Joseph Mixer treasurer, and Lieutenant Jonathan Smitli, Sergeant Jonathan Sanderson, Ensign Samuel Garfield, Captain Samuel Harrington, John Cutting, Sergeant Joseph Pierce, and Daniel Benjamin were chosen precinct committee. Votes were passed to carry into effect the order of the General Court of December 17, 1720, in regard to the meeting-house, and in October, 1722, it was voted to "sell what was left of the old meeting-house." On the 7th of April, 1729, a meeting was held to see, among other things, about a location for a school-liouse. Allen Flagg agreed to give a piece of land at the north end of his orchard for that purpose, and the precinct agreed to accept it. On the 1th of February, 1729-30, Znchariah Smith, Allen Flagg, Thomas Harrington, Thomas Bigelow, Jonas Smith, John C'hilds, and John Cutting were appointed a committee to wait upon the selectmen, and have inserted in the warrant for the next town-meeting an article requesting the town to grant a sum of money to build a school-house on the land of Mr. Flagg. The town, however, refused to accept the site or vote the money, and on this school cjuestion came tlie tug of war, which resulted in the West Precinct becoming Waltham. The town-meeting at which the request of the western people was refused was held in March. On the 1st of May, 1 730, Thomas Bigelow, Zachariah Smith, Allen Flagg, Elisha Smith, and John Child were appointed a committee at a meeting of the West Precinct, to take measures to have that portion set off as a separate town, "and take Effectual care that the same may be Established that Learning may be Advanced amongst us or some other proper methods whareby to obtain the same." A petition signed by Anthony Conady (Caverly ?) and others, representing the difficulties in the way of schools, and the " impositions" of the East Precinct, and praying for a separate township, had already been prepared and sent for the consideration of the General Court, and the town was served with a copy of the j^etition, and cited to show cause why it should not be granted. Li February, 1730-31, Deacon William Brown, Anthony Cau [v] erly. Deacon Thomas Livennore, Thomas Bigelow, and Jonas Smith were chosen a committee to attain the coveted separation. At a regular meeting held April 19, 1731, the town, or practically the East Precinct, appointed Lieutenant Samuel Stearns, Joseph Nason, and Jonas Bond a committee to appear in behalf of the town, and probably in opposition to the division. What action the court took is not plain, but one of the recommendations was that the town provide two school-houses, with two duly qualified schoolmasters, - one of each for each precinct. These recommendations the town (August 16, 1731) refused to accept. The assessors of the West Precinct, - Nathaniel Harris and Deacon William Brown, - acting under a sense of gross injustice practised by the East Precinct majority, refused to assess for the grant made by the town for the support of schools. Something of the spirit of opposition to taxation without representation asserted itself here.

Passage source: History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts : Containing Carefully Prepared Histories of Every City and Town in the County, published 1880.

Machine-read from a century-old scan, so expect the errors a machine makes: misspelled names, dropped words, stray characters.

Read the whole chapter on Waltham City - 74,798 words on its settlement, mills, schools and churches.

Fires near this property

46 since 1992

Regional context, not property-specific evidence. The federal wildfire occurrence database lists 46 fires within 5 miles of Stonehurst between 1992 and 2020, burning about 30 acres in total. 1 started naturally. 3 were recorded as arson. Distance is straight-line from the map coordinates, so a fire counted here may appear on a neighbouring settlement's page as well.

Reported cause Fires
Missing data/not specified/undetermined14
Debris and open burning14
Recreation and ceremony8
Arson/incendiarism3
Railroad operations and maintenance3
Power generation/transmission/distribution1
Other causes1
Misuse of fire by a minor1
Natural1

The most recent of them, most recent first, with the day each was reported and the service that recorded it.

DateCause SizeReported by Name on the report
8 September 2020Missing data/not specified/undeterminedunder an acreMassachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Controlnot named
5 September 2020Debris and open burningunder an acreMassachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Controlnot named
4 September 2018Missing data/not specified/undeterminedunder an acreMassachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Controlnot named
3 September 2018Debris and open burningunder an acreMassachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Controlnot named
23 September 2015Recreation and ceremonyunder an acreMassachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire ControlWELLESLEY
1 September 2015Recreation and ceremonyunder an acreMassachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire ControlWELLESLEY
1 September 2001Naturalunder an acreMinute Man National Historical ParkFISKEHILL
26 August 2020Missing data/not specified/undeterminedunder an acreMassachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Controlnot named

Every fire recorded in Middlesex County

Specimens collected near this property

12 of 2,214 shown

Regional context, not property-specific evidence. Museums hold 2,214 specimens collected within 10 miles of Stonehurst between 1898 and 1975: 996 Animalia, 672 Plantae, 479 Fungi, 31 Protozoa, 17 Bacteria, 10 Chromista, 9 Unrecorded. 12 distinct Species records are shown. Collected by ?, A B Seymour, A. B. Seymour and others. Each is a physical object with a catalogue number, and each entry opens the museum's record. This is what was collected and kept, not a survey of what lives here - nothing can be concluded from a species being absent.

Image SpeciesYear Collected by Where, as recorded
Specimen of Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos C.L.Brehm, 1822Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos C.L.Brehm, 18221900not recordedWayland
Specimen of Trientalis borealis Raf.Trientalis borealis Raf.1900A. P. Chute
Aglaospora profusa (Fr.) De Not.1898Collector unspecified
A photograph of the species Antennaria howellii, not of this specimenAntennaria howellii subsp. canadensis (Greene) R.J.Bayer1898Williams, E.F.
A photograph of the species Antennaria parlinii, not of this specimenAntennaria parlinii subsp. fallax (Greene) R.J.Bayer & Stebbins1898not recorded
A photograph of the species Antennaria plantaginifolia, not of this specimenAntennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Hook.1898not recorded
A photograph of the species Aquilegia canadensis, not of this specimenAquilegia canadensis L.1898M. I. GunnNatick
A photograph of the species Acanthis flammea, not of this specimenAcanthis flammea flammea (Linnaeus, 1758)1900ZAPPEY, W RROSLINDALE
A photograph of the species Acer carpinifolium, not of this specimenAcer carpinifolium Siebold & Zucc.1900A. K. HarrisonHarvard Botanic Garden, Cambridge.
A photograph of the species Acer palmatum, not of this specimenAcer palmatum var. dissectum (Thunb.) Miq.1900A. K. HarrisonHarvard Botanic Garden, Cambridge.
A photograph of the species Agaricus brunnescens, not of this specimenAgaricus brunnescens Peck1900Morris, G. E.Waltham
A photograph of the species Alnus incana, not of this specimenAlnus incana subsp. rugosa (Du Roi) R.T.Clausen1900J. Murdoch, Jr.Roxbury

All 2,214 specimens within 10 miles, at the Global Biodiversity Information Facility.

Mines and quarries near this property

6 within 5 miles

Regional context, not property-specific evidence. The federal mineral resources record lists 6 workings within 5 miles of Stonehurst: 4 past producers, 1 producer, 1 plant. 2 still produce. What was taken out: Sand and Gravel, Construction, Stone, Crushed/Broken, Tantalum, Niobium (Columbium). Distance is straight-line from the map coordinates, so a quarry counted here may appear on a neighbouring settlement's page as well.

Where SiteCommodity StatusRecorded
Nrc Inc--Newton, Ma.Tantalum, Niobium (Columbium)Plant
Massachusetts Broken Stone CoStone, Crushed/BrokenPast Producer
Weston MineStone, Crushed/BrokenProducer
Burton PitSand and Gravel, ConstructionPast Producer
Town of WellesleySand and Gravel, ConstructionPast ProducerSedimentary
Town of WellesleySand and Gravel, ConstructionPast Producer

Every working recorded in Middlesex County

Storms near this property

17 since 1996

Regional context, not property-specific evidence. The National Weather Service names Waltham, the town this property stands in, in 17 storm reports between 1996 and 2019: 9 flash flood, 3 flood, 2 thunderstorm wind, 1 heavy rain. No death or injury is recorded in these reports. Each account below is quoted exactly as the forecast office filed it, from the NOAA Storm Events Database, and each date opens the federal record of that event.

WhenEvent Place namedHarm What the report says
June 1998Flash FloodWaltham$570,000Lower Charles River
July 2019LightningNorth Waltham$2,000Lightning started a house fire on Kings Way in Waltham.
January 2018FloodNorth Waltham-At 1255 AM EST, the merging lane of I-95/route 128 near route 2 was reported flooded up to the wheel wells of the vehicles.
March 2014FloodNorth Waltham-Wyman Street was closed due to flooding.
October 2012FloodNorth Waltham-Route 95 Northbound under Route 2 was flooded and impassable.
March 2001Flash FloodWaltham-Charles River at Waltham
June 1998Flash FloodWaltham-Lower Charles River
June 1998Flash FloodWaltham-Lower Charles River
June 1998Flash FloodWaltham-Lower Charles River
March 2001Flash FloodWaltham-no account filed
May 2001Thunderstorm WindWaltham-no account filed
August 1999HailWaltham-no account filed
May 1998Thunderstorm WindWaltham-no account filed
August 1997Heavy RainWaltham-no account filed
October 1996Flash FloodWaltham-no account filed
October 1996Flash FloodWaltham-no account filed
October 1996Flash FloodWaltham-no account filed

Every storm recorded in Middlesex County

Map coverage status

No historic map-sheet match is published for this property yet. That does not mean no map exists. This record needs a coordinate-quality review before it can be joined to a sheet boundary. Browse the county's mapped places while that work is pending.

From the nomination file

4,029 words on record

When this property was proposed for the National Register, someone wrote the case for it: what the building is, and why it matters. That document is a federal record in the public domain. It is quoted below word for word, never summarised. The text was read off the scanned case file by machine, so the occasional stray character is the recogniser's and the 1970s typewriter's.

Description of the property

The Robert Treat Paine Jr. House, "Stonehurst," is located in the center of a wooded 113-acre park in the middle of the City of Waltham, Massachusetts. Invisible from the street or from any other property,it is reached from the south by a winding, paved drive, one quarter of a mile in length, which begins just to the east of the intersection of Lyman and Beaver Streets. The only remaining structure on the property, the Paine House, sits on a spectacular site, selected in 1884 by the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted. The house was built in two sections. The first is a clapboard "L"-shaped mansard house built by Paine in 1886. Originally located some 1000 feet to the east of the present site, this portion of the building was later moved and positioned to face west.

The second and larger portion of the house was designed by Henry Hobson Richardson between 1884 and 1886 (the year of his death), and the land- scaping is the work of Frederick Law 01msted. house The 1886, was unaltered on the exterior when it was moved, except for the removal of a one-story porch which originally surrounded it. The eastern facade was in- corporated into the Richardson addition where its exterior wall forms a part of the staircase in the Great Hall. The only alteration in the shingle addition has been the enclosure of two lower bays of the garden facade in 1932 by Charles K. Cummings, architect son-in-law of Robert Treat Paine, JI. Although not of outstanding architectural

Statement of significance

/ARCHITECT unknown; H. H. Richardson STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Robert Treat Paine Jr. House is significant as the work of the architect Henry Hobson Richardson and as the home of philanthropist Robert Treat Paine, Jr. who was also the great grandson of the signer of the Declaration of Independence. The landscaping for the house was designed by Frederick Law O1msted, a frequent collaborator with Richardson. The Robert Treat Paine Jr. House (the later portion) was begun in 1884, which was at the height of Richardson's career. It was also at this time that the architect was working on the Allegheny County Buildings in Pittsburgh, the Henry Adams and John Hay houses in Washington, and the Ephraim Gurney House at Pride's Crossing, Massachusetts.

Although built as an addition to an awkward older structure, the later Paine House ranks with Richardson's most outstanding domestic designs. The interior of the house is considered the finest surviving domestic interior by Richardson, and its plan is said to be a direct forerunner of the open planning of modern American architecture. Robert Treat Paine,Jr. had been a classmate of Richardson and, as Chairman of the Building Committee for Trinity Church, was responsible for obtaining the full site and funding for the church. Paine was also an intimate friend of Phillips Brooks, Rector of Trinity Church, and had worked closely on the church with Brooks and Richardson.

Paine's Waltham house contains not only lithographs of Trinity, copies of the writings of Brooks and his portrait dominating the Great Hall, but also the original portrait of Paine by Sir Hubert von Herkomer, who had painted the famous portrait of Richardson in monk's dress. The house reflects the frequent travels of the three men, with Egyptian turned screenwork in the hall and the Venetian furniture by Besarel.

Read the complete 4,029-word case file.

The whole case file for this property - 4,029 words, 26 pages, reproduced complete.

Quoted from the National Register nomination for reference 75000291, 26 pages, held by the National Archives in Record Group 79. See the catalogue record.

Listed places nearby

6 within 8 miles

Other National Register properties close enough to walk or drive between, ordered by distance from this one. Both positions come from the same geocoding pass that matched these properties to their map sheets.

Photograph PropertyDistance Listed
Wilson's Diner0.1 miles1999
Johnson, Newell D., House0.4 miles1989
North Lexington Street Historic District0.5 miles1989
Hill, Rev. Thomas, House0.5 miles1989
Smith, Perez, House0.5 miles1989
Sanderson, John, House0.6 miles1989

Sources for this property

National Archives recordThe nomination case file for reference 75000291 in Record Group 79.
Middlesex CountyAll 1100 listed properties in this county.

Provenance

  • Listing record. National Park Service National Register of Historic Places, listed-properties dataset, current to 2026-05-22.
  • Map join. Address geocoded through the United States Census geocoder, then tested against the published boundary of every sheet in the USGS Historical Topographic Map Collection.
  • How this page is made. Listing fields come from federal records; map-sheet coverage is a labelled coordinate-to-boundary calculation, not a source-field claim.
  • Wildfire. Short, Karen C. 2022. Spatial wildfire occurrence data for the United States, 1992-2020 [FPA_FOD_20221014]. 6th Edition. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2013-0009.6 Collected with United States Government funding and usable without additional permissions or fees.
  • Specimens. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), https://www.gbif.org/. Only records licensed CC0 or CC BY are used. Records licensed CC BY-NC are excluded because this site carries advertising. Images are checked individually and any whose licence is non-commercial, no-derivatives or unreadable is refused.
  • Mines and quarries. USGS Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) https://mrdata.usgs.gov/mrds/ A work of the United States government, no copyright under 17 U.S.C. 105.
  • Storms. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/stormevents/ A work of the United States government, no copyright under 17 U.S.C. 105. Narratives are quoted verbatim from the National Weather Service report and are not edited or summarised.