Fort Jackson, Division Store House No. 5, Shop Road, Columbia

Source document Quoted word for word from HABS SC,40-COLUM.V,2A-. Not written, edited or summarised by this site.

Built during the first phase of Camp Jackson construction (June-September Fort Jackson, Oivision Store House No. 5 is one of two remaining World War I (WWI) structures on the base, and the only one that has had no significant alteration. It is the only extant WW I warehouse in South Carolina and is one of last remaining in the United States. Description: Fort Jackson, Division Store House No. 5 is a side-gabled, balloon frame, x 60' wooden structure with pine board and batten siding (wood obtained from the North Carolina Pine Emergency Bureau [Couper painted white (HABS Photograph No. 2 The extremely low-pitched roof (HABS Photograph No. 9) is covered in a composition roofing material (HABS Photograph No. 7).

The warehouse is passively ventilated with screened openings under the eaves (HABS Photograph No. 11 ). The north and south sides of the storehouse each had five 96"-square, board and batten, tracked loading doors, 28' apart, originally wall-mounted on cast-iron tracks (HABS Photographs No. 12 and No. Each door opened onto a loading dock (no longer extant), with wide eaves serving as minimal weather protection. The easternmost loading doors on both sides were enclosed at an unknown date. The warehouse was serviced by a series of rail spurs and surface roads that ran beside the loading docks. By the roof overhang on the loading platfonn on the northwestern end had been expanded to form a shed porch.

The interior is little changed; electrical lighting and a sprinkler system were merely "tacked" onto the rafters (HABS Photograph No. and the west end of the building was divided (using a skirt wall) into an office space. The structure's open rafter balloon framing, with studs every receives added support from 6" x 6" rough-hewn posts spaced every 12' east-west and 20' north-south throughout the building (HABS Photograph No. 15 and accompanying Sketch Plan). All posts have 4 brace supports, fanned from each side of the post to the ceiling (HABS Photograph No. Fort Jackson, Division Store House No. 5 rests on alternating brick and poured concrete piers.

The piers are situated in seven rows of 29 piers running north-south, and support large 12" x 12" summer beams (fashioned by nailing multiple boards together) running east and west (HABS Photograph No. The summer beams, in tum, support the frame. The floor joists, approximately 18" apart, run east-west on top of the frame. The original floor is still extant and is made of planks between 1W' and SW' wide. The flooring along the north and south interior walls was sawed through, presumably to confine storage loads to the piers, and to avoid unnecessary stress on the walls and roof trusses (HABS Photograph No. Eighty pine rafters made of four nailed, lap-joined pieces support the roof and are notched over the frame, extending beyond the walls approximately three feet.

There is no ridge board (HABS Photograph No. Two windows are located on the northern half of the west wall (HABS Photograph No. 9), part of a small comer office space that was probably original. At an unknown date, the west half of the building was converted to office space and additional wooden flooring laid on top of the original flooring. A small bathroom was roughed in and a counter space was added to the main supply room. Heating units, vented through the roof, were also added. The original blueprints for Fort Jackson, Division Store House No. 5 could not be located, and it is not known whether it is a standard 600 series military plan. The structure has no exterior trim and is of no particular style. Its importance lies not in its architectural style, but in its rarity. FORT JACKSON,

Division Store House

No. 5 (FORT JACKSON, BUILDING No. HABS No. SC-692-A (page 2) History: When the U.S. entered WWI, military storage facilities were inadequate to support the war effort. New storage buildings were required to supply troops, handle materiel, and to store and supply motorized vehicles, horses and mules. The National Army cantonments, in particular, required the construction of multiple storage facilities, each with access to rail cars and/or trucks. The storehouses constructed at these cantonments were usually long, one-story wood-frame buildings with side platforms to facilitate loading from rail or road (Grandine and Cannan In the first phase of construction at Camp Jackson (June to September twelve Division Store Houses were constructed in the southwest comer of the Camp.

This first phase of construction was undertaken by Hardaway Contracting Company of Atlanta, Georgia, using standardized Army building plans, under the aegis of the Quartermaster Corps. In the the Hardaway Contracting Company was well known for its large contracts for hydroelectric plants and dams, bridges, highway and railroad construction, and is still in business at the time of this documentation Fort Jackson, Division Store House No. 5 was originally one of twelve Division Store Houses organized in three lines. Division Store Houses No. l, No. 2, No. 7, and No. 8 were the southern-most and were accessed by rail and road. The middle Division Store Houses, No. 3, No. 6, No. 9, and No. 12, were also accessed by road and rail (HABS Photograph No. 1).

The northern-most Division Store Houses, No. 4, No. 5, No. 10, and No. 11, were separated from the middle structures by two rail lines. It appears that the northern-most buildings were serviced exclusively by rail (Couper et al. . . Camp Jackson was abandoned April 25. and a demolition company was contracted to raze and remove all buildings and utility facilities. Before the completion of the demolition, the South Carolina National Guard returned to Camp Jackson and used the remaining structures, including Fort Jackson, Division Store House No. 5, for their support. The Protective Mobilization Act of a reaction to the looming war in Europe, created a flurry of building activity at Camp Jackson.

The few remaining WW I structures were incorporated into the new design of the base, and Fort Jackson, Division Store House No. 5 continued to serve as a warehouse. After WW II, Fort Jackson became a training installation and continued to use its WW I and WW II buildings while adding new ones in support of its training mission. Fort Jackson, Division Store House No. 5. re-designated Fort Jackson, Building No. has been continuously used as a warehouse throughout its life at Camp Jackson and Fort Jackson.

Source document Quoted word for word from HABS SC,40-COLUM.V,2A-. Not written, edited or summarised by this site.

Maj. William Couper, QMUSR. Constructing Engineer; Norcross, Supervising Engineer; Richard Schermerhorn, Planner: Quarter Master Corps, USA , General Camp Layout, Camp Jackson, Columbia, South Carolina~ October, (On file in the Fort Jackson Museum). Col. William Couper, Completion Report of Camp Jackson , Columbia, South Carolina, January 17, (On file in the Fort Jackson Museum). Katherine E. Grandine. and Deborah K. Cannan, Support and Utility Structures and Facilities Overview, inventory, and Treatment Plan, R.

Christopher Goodwin & Associates, Inc., Fredrick, Maryland, May Newlan Knight and Associates, Draft Report, The Evaluation of Historic Landscapes and National Register of Historic Places Recommendations, Fort Jackson, South Carolina, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, November, Parsons Engineering Science, Inc. and Horne Engineering & Environmental Services. Historic Properties Maintenance Plan, Fort Jackson, Columbia, South Carolina, Fairfax and Alexandria, Virginia, December Diane E. Williams; Anne I. Malanka and; David W. Moore, Fort Jackson, South Carolina: An Army Infantry Training Facility in the Southern Department and Fourth Corps Area, Hardy-Heck-Moore & Associates, Inc., Austin, Texas, June

Source document Quoted word for word from HABS SC,40-COLUM.V,2A-. Not written, edited or summarised by this site.

Kelly Nolte, Architectural Historian, Panamerican Consultants, Inc., Tuscaloosa, AL, msroruc AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE a Brick and Concrete Pier OOUTHEASf REGION (under structure) ATLANTA, GEOJRGIA 611 x 6 11 Wood Support Post - - - - - - - - (fanned brace system) Loading Docfk I I - - a - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - - f a I a a a a a a a c a a a a D D D D a D a a D a D a a a I f i c I . a a a a a D a D c a a a D D a !!:I a a a a a a a a a a a I e .j . . . . . . . . . . . ~ a a a a a a D a CJ c CJ a CJ CJ a CJ a a a D a CJ CJ CJ CJ CJ CJ D I I D a a CJ D a CJ a CJ c CJ a CJ CJ a a CJ a a a a CJ a a CJ a a a I ~ ~ "TJ . . . . . . . . . . . .

t;; 0 0 ~ D D a a D a D a a c D D D CJ a a a a a a a D a a a D a D I en~~ o>n I D a a a D a a a D c a D a a D a a a D a a D a a D D D D I ~n~ Loading Door n~ oo I (/) 0 ~ - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - t8 0z ~z I ~ 0 0 10 20 > to - I __J ~s< JFort Jaicbonp Divi ion toJre Hou e Noo 5 p:i (;) SCAU! IN FEET CICl - t HAB.S No. SC-692-A ov ~zz o ~~ (For~ JaiteJk OJrup 1B1!11ftlidmg Noo 0 (/) 0 0 JFor~ Jaicbon/7 So1!11th Cairoliiimla Panamerican Consultants, Inc. ~~ Vl ~ ~ 0 (/) tTl z 0 Vl