Essex Town (part 17 of 26)

George Warren FitzHugh, third son and fourth child of Dr. William D. and Martha S. (Thornton) P'itzHugh, was born February 12, 1826. Before the war his estate consisted of a plantation, several mills, and eighty negroes. He was a handsome man, six feet one inch tall, and weighed two hundred and thirty pounds. He had great physical strength and powers of endurance. He rode seventy-two miles on horseback in a single day, to be wit!: his command at the hanging of John Brown in 1859. He possessed a genial temperament, and was very popular, being called the "Grandfather " of the Black Horse Cavalry, though, in fact, one of the youngest men in the command. He was a member of the Black Horse Cavalry from the time of its organization until 1863, when he was honorably discharged. He participated in the charge at Bull Run and in the battles of Cokl Harbor and at Williamsburg. The company was merged into the Fourth Virginia Cavalry, and during the campaign Mr. FitzHugh was under General J. E. H. Stewart at the capture of the transports by the cavalry at White House Landing, a feat never before accomplished. He was always greatly in favor of the Union, but believed that he owed his first allegiance to his native State. All his possessions were swept away during the war, "nothing being left except his hope in heaven." He died of heart disease at Grapewood, Fauquier County, March 23, 1873, and was buried in the Presbyterian churchyard at Greenwich, Prince William County. He married first, June 13, 1849, Miss Abbic Mayo Thom, the youngest child of Colonel John Thom and his wife, Abigail Dellart (Mayo) Thom, of Powhatan, seat near Richmond. She was born at "]?erry Hill," Culpeper County, December 23, 1830, and died at Grapewood, Fauquier County, November 21, 1859. She is buried at I^lmwnod, in the same grave with her two youngest children. His second marriage was with Miss Elizabeth Frances Gray, eldest daughter of Nathaniel N. and Sarah Ann (Edmunds) Gray, born November 19, 1S40. Their only child, Warren Gulick, was born shortly after the death of his fatlier, July 20, 1873. The children of the first marriage are as follows: William De- Hart, born March 11, 1850, married Elizabeth Carter Grayson, who was born October 18, 1853, and died April 26, 1896; Thomas Cameron, born November 7, 1851, was lost at sea in 1872; Elizaiieth liland, born May 26, 1S53, lives at Warrenton, Va. ; John Alexander, December 4, 1854; Anna Blanche, born October 25, 1856, died in August, 1S62, of diphtheria; luigene Mayo, born November 16, 185S, died in infancy;

John Alexander FitzHugh graduated from the medical department of the Western Reserve University at Cleveland, Ohio, March 9, 1880, and on March 10 of the following year from the Hahnemann Medical College in Philadelphia. On August 8, 1881, he located in Amesbury, Mass., where he practised for five years. The years from 1886 to 1 888 were spent by him in the St. Thomas and other hospitals in London, England. Upon his return he practised for a short period in Atlanta, Ga. Then, settling permanently in Amesbury, he married on July II, 1889, Miss Agnes Allen Somerby, daughter of Samuel Somerby and his wife, Nancy Allen Currier, of Newburyport, in which city she had taught successfully in the public schools for fourteen years. The children of Dr. and Mrs. FitzHugh are: Marion Stuart, born June 10, 1890, who died of scarlet fever, December 23, 1893; Lena Grayson, who was born October 4, 1891 ; and Beulah Thornton, born June 25, 1895.

Dr. FitzHugh is very much intcrestetl in genealogical research; and he has in his possession many manuscripts of interest and value, among them being letters written by his remote ancestor. Colonel William P'itz- Hugh. He has traced the genealogy of the Mayo family from Joseph, the grandson of William, August 17, 1656, to the present time, the ancestry including the names of many persons of historic renown, among them that of General Winfield Scott, who married a cousin of the Doctor's grandmother. Dr. FitzHugh is a P'ellow of the Massachusetts Medical Society. He has been president of the Amesbury Medical Society, of which he is an original member; and he still retains his membership in the St. Thomas Medical So- ciety, of London. He is Past District Deputy, G. C, of the K. of P. ; Past Thrice Illustrious Master, Amesbury Council, Royal and Select Masters; and is a member of the Povvovv River, I. O. O. F., and Harmony Encampment, as well as of the N. E. O. P. and of various minor organizations. He is an active trustee of the Amesbury Public Library, to which he has devoted much time and attention; and he is also an ex-member of the Board of Health, but has steadily refused political preferment.

LFRED LANG, a retired contractor and Ijuilder, who by long-continued honesty has acquired a competency, is spending the closing years of his useful life in a well-earned leisure at his home, 279 Broadway, Lawrence, Mass. He wgs born February 12, 1820, in Brookfield, Carroll County, N. H., a son of Samuel Lang.

Thomas Lang, father of Samuel, spent his entire life of fourscore and four years in the Granite State, where his birth occurred June 27, 1741- He was three times married, and he reared a family of twenty children, the eldest of whom was Thomas, Jr., born February 12, 1766, and the youngest Olive, born December 6, 1802. He was a prosperous husbandman, highly respected for his sterling integrity and Christian character. A devout follower of the Master, he dedicated his children to God in their infancy, carrying them in his arms to the ba]itismal font, the lastborn, Olive, when he was past si,\ty-one years old.

Samuel Lang was born in Nottingham, N.H., October 30, 17S4. He was brought up to agricultural pursuits, and made farming his life occupation. He lived in different towns in New Hampshire in his early days, but finally settled on a farm in Brookfield, where he died at the age of si.xty-seven years, in 1 85 1. In 1808 he married Lydia Thurber, who was born August 17, 1789, and died in 1880, aged ninety-one years. They had twelve children; namely, William, a daughter that died in infancy, Caroline, Henry, Eliza, Alfred, Mary Ann, Almira, John, Clarissa, Emily, and Lydia M. William, born in 1809, died at Ossipee, N.H., in July, 1836. Caroline, who has never married, resides in Wakefield, N.H. Henry died in March, 1894, leaving a widow, one son, and two daughters. Eliza is the wife of John Churchill, of Lawrence. Mary Ann, widow of Isaac M. Clarke, lives in Reading, Mass. Almira is the widow of Ebenezer Garvin, of Wakefield, N.H. Clarissa is the wife of Eben Chapman, also of Wakefield, N.H. John is a resident of Lawrence. Emily, who married Joseph W. Fales, died in middle life. Lydia M., the widow of John B. Howard, resides in Wakefield, N.H. Both parents were devout members of the Methodist church. The father was quite active in town affairs, serving as Selectman and in other minor offices.

Alfred Lang in his early years received a good common-school education, and at the age of seventeen began working at the carpenter's trade. Going to Boston two years later, he remained there until 1853, profitably employed as a builder. Perceiving the advantages offered to one of his trade in a new and rapidly growing city, he then came to Lawrence, which had just received its charter; and from that time until his retirement from active pursuits he was one of the leading contractors arid builders of this city. In 1854 he built a house for himself and family on West Haverhill Street, where he lived until J 874, when he removed to his present fine

Mr. Lang is a true Re|niblican in his political affiliations; and, though not an as])irant for official honors, he was a member of the Common Council one term, an Alderman two years, and Supervisor of Public Property for a time.

Mr. Lang and Susan Sims Burleigh, a daughter of Ezra and Lucy (Hyde) ]?urleigh, of ]5oston, RLass. , were married on April 6, 1843. They have three children, namely: William A., who is cashier of the National Bank of Reading, Mass., is married, Init has no children living; Susie Maria, a graduate of the Lawrence High School and an accomplished pianist, lives with her parents; and Albert S., who has succeeded to the business of his father, is married, and has two sons - Albert W. and Alfred E. Albert W., who was graduated from Phillips Academy, Andover, is now in business with his father; and Alfred E. is a member of the class of iSgg at Phillips Academy. iMfty-five years ago Mr. and Mrs. Lang united with the First Christian Church of Boston, of which they have since been faithful members.

Naturally endowed with good abilities, Mr. Lang has improved his mind by reading, observation, and reflection, by e.xercise cultivating literary taste and skill. He has written several poems, among others worthy of note being one entitled '"A Chri.stmas Offering," descriptive of the advent, life work, and resurrection of Christ and his blessings on mankind. \Vc take pleasure in here rejiroducing a prose article from his pen, an autobiographical sketch, whose object, as he says, "is to show the youth of to-day some of the differences between family suctoms and opportunities for mental culture existing seventy years ago and those of the present time. "

In the early part of the nineteenth century, upon a farm in a rural town among the Granite Hills, there lived a happy couple whose family regularly augmented until twelve children were born, among them the subject of this story. The girls being largely in the majority, the boys were necessarily put to work at the tender age of seven or eight years. It was not uncommon for the writer, at that age, to accompany laboring men into the field to do light work. There began the early physical training which developed a good constitution and the capabilities for undertaking many arduous duties later in life.

Many of the customs in those days would seem strange in this age of modern improvements - notably, the method of striking fire, which was after this wise: Every well-regulated family was supplied with a tin bo.x containing a steel, a flint, and a quantity of tinder, the latter being charred cotton or linen cloth. By the concussion of the flint and steel a spark was thrown upon the tinder, which retained the spark until the breath could be blown upon it. When it increased, a piece of charcoal was added, the blowing being continued a few moments until the coal ignited, to which was added white birch bark or pine cone, and the work was accomplished.

It sometimes occurred - though never, to my recollection, in my mother's family - that people would find themselves without tinder or fire in the house. y\s tinder cannot be made without fire, they were obliged to borrow one or the other from a neighbor; but, with judicious care, no family was without fire or the means to produce it. In warm weather, when little fire was needed, a hemlock knot buried in live coals and covered with ashes proved one of the best means of retaining it. In those days people didn't require half the artificial heat or clothing that is now needed to make them comfortable. A warm room, like what we require to-day, was then unknown. People had no stoves in their houses. One fire in the kitchen fireplace was all that was thought necessary, e.xcept on special occasions.

I never wore a flannel under-garment or an overcoat until I was eighteen years old. I did not know that I needed them - in fact, I did not, being comfortable without them. The same was true of all the other boys in our neighborhood. Wet feet every night caused no sickness, colds, or alarm. They were a common occurrence. We had only to dry our stockings at the chimney corner during the night, to be all right ne.xt day. Such a condition and experiences would to-day be thought real hardshij); but they were not then so regarded, neither were they so in reality. The thought being assimilated to the conditions and circumstances by which we were surrounded formed the balance which held us and made life easy and comfortable.

Advantages for education were very limited. After we were eight or nine years old, two or three months' schooling in the winter was all that could be allowed, mornings and evenings of that time being largely devoted to the care of live stock and the preparation of fuel.

At the age of eleven and one-half years I began to mow, and one year later could perform such work with comparative ease. Much of the field work, such as driving oxen from pasture, yoking and driving them with hay rigging into the field, loading and stowing hay, spreading, raking, etc., could be done by a well-trained boy of thirteen or fourteen about as well as by a man of mature years. Such was my experience up to the age of thirteen and one-half years, when father told me that I must go from home and learn the trade of a carpenter. This matter had previously been talked up in the family, though until then I had had no knowledge as to the proposed time of departure. That night there appeared the fairy-land and castles built especially for me, I little dreaming the realities held in store for me by the future.

On the morrow, with a bundle of clothing, on foot, I left home to go to my new work, ten miles distant. The house being reached, I was kindly receiveil ; but all was new to me, and for the first time I realized that there is "no place like home." When night came, I remembered that I had placed myself ten miles from father, mother, and baby. How twenty-four hours can change the visions of a child! Tears plenty, but castles few! Yet these experiences of the rough side of life had better come to us too early than too late.

The first work given me was trimming limbs from small felled trees on a piece of burned ground, and putting them in jiiles convenient for loading on the team wagon. Not much "carpentering" about that job, which lasted about one week! The ne.xt job was sawing and planing not less than fourteen hours per day. When hours by daylight were short, we had the light of one tallow candle supplied, lamp oil not being in use with us. In those days a power planer or a circular saw was unknown, the hard work of planing and sawing, now done by machinery, then being executed by hand.

When leave was granted to visit home, the fact of there being neither cars, stage, nor horse available afforded no barrier. Few horses could cover the distance quicker than I could by cutting across lots. Fences were no more a hindrance to a boy than to a fox or a clog. Thus I bounded over hill and dale like a roe, touching ground, much of the way, about once in four or five feet. The joy of reaching home was sufficient inspiration not to believe myself tired.

During one very severe winter, the snow being four feet deep, we had no fuel except as I drew it on a hand sled. Oxen couldn't be driven iiito the woods, but the snow was hard enough to bear the weight of a boy and his load. So I was assigned the job of drawing for my master's family the wood already prepared for the fireplace. It did not occur to me that I was undergoing any hardship. I knew that we must have the fuel, and that I coidd not do the work my master was doing, so cheerfully supplied the place of a beast of burden. I possessed a physique equal to the task, and no bad results came of it.

During that winter, also, there came to my master's family an addition, which necessitated changing my sleeping-room from a finished bedroom to an unfinished, open chamber, where not only daylight but snow could freely enter through the boarding of the walls of the house. With the thermometer registering ten degrees below zero, to sleep alone and be comfortable under such circumstances would to-day be thought impossible; but such was my experience. It did not then appear a hardship, nor was I conscious of suffering, though a boy having a constitution less vigorous evidently would have suffered under such exposure.

As years rolled on, we busied ourselves building houses ami barns in summer, windows, sleighs, and furniture in winter. When I was seventeen years old my master died, cutting short the term of my apprenticeship two and one-half years. Yet I was sufficiently skilled to carry forward some unfinished work, as well as some not yet begun. Thus early in

In the year 1837 I went to Watertown, Mass. ; but, that being the year of the great financial panic, work was suspended, and I returned home to pursue my calling as best I could, at fifty-eight cents per day. At this rate of compensation I executed far more work than is now performed at two and one-half dollars per day.

In the light of this last statement can be seen something of the changed condition brought to a skilled mechanic by the last fiftyfive years. In 1S38 skilled house carpenters commanded one dollar and fifty cents per day of twelve hours. In 1893 the same class of mechanics command three dollars per day of nine hours. Articles of food now average as cheap as then, and clothing averages fifty per cent, cheaper. Yet fifty years ago strikes were unknown, while to-day a spirit of dissatisfaction and unrest seems to rule the working-man.

In 1838 I engaged work for the season in Newton, Mass., at eighteen dollars per month and board. The following year, believing I could there find my level, I went to Boston. Though at this time little more than nineteen years of age, I was obliged to measure both strength and skill with those of mature age and large experience. My first venture came in the form of a contract to finish (nie hundred doors and work all the mouldings by hand, myself. On this job I cleared about the average day pay. Next I took a similar job, on which I cleared two dollars per day. This brought me to the front, when I found no difficulty in commanding the full pay of a skilled workman.

employment or to go through the streets with heavy boxes of tools upon their shoulders. Witnessing these sights, altogether new to me, brought me face to face with some of the realities of my calling, as well as with some of its possibilities. It was then and there that I resolved that old age should not find me in that situation, that the race for success began in the determination not to recognize f a i hi re.

Since leaving the parental roof I had been under scarcely any restrictive influence, except that of the good seed sown during childhood's years by pious parents. Now there came to my assistance an older sister, who not only looked after every detail of my clothing, but took care to know my associates, and that I accompanied her to church every Sabbath. No one else can supply the place of an older sister to a younger brother in a great city.

This period of my life brought me face to face with my first great responsibility; namely, that of providing a home for my parents, who did not own the farm upon which they lived nor the live stock thereon. It can hardly be understood how parents could respectably rear eleven children under such circumstances, yet such is the fact. When, owing to the infirmities of age and other reasons, it became evident that our parents must leave the old home, an older brother and sister and myself resolved to buy them a farm and lightly stock it. Though the sum jointly possessed was less than five hundred dollars, we agreed to pay eighteen hunilred for our farm. Going into debt proved a great incentive to activity and economy.

This enterprise cost me the first thousand dollars of my spare earnings, never to return in kind, though it did return many fold in blessings. We must at some time part with all things material, but the fruition of a good act is that which we can forever keep.

Early discovery that the largest share of the purchase money must be paid by myself proved an incentive to hjok for business offering greater inducements than journeyman's wages. Within the next six months I had two opportunities to enter into a copartnership with experienced builders. One of them came from a poor man who had a daughter, the other from a rich man who had no daughter. I chose the former, and in due time we formed the copartnership.

Within two years, with the daughter aforesaid I entered into another copartnershij) which continues to this day. Fifty years, with never a thought of dissolution ! In making the choice of my second partner, I builded better than I knew. The result has proved a good, triie, loving wife and mother, who has well and truly filled every office in her sphere. Three children, two sons and a daughter, also came to brighten our home, all being now full grown and living within easy access of us. The first copartnership was successful, but the second has proved a greater success, though, upon entering it, I soon found that I had assumed still greater responsibilities, which meant to me only greater incentives. About all the spare money I had earned thus far had been appropriated toward paying for the farm and stock for my parents. Our first contract, to furnish material and build two houses, afforded but small margin; while the nevt_ to build two more, by reason of failure of the owner afforded still less. If the wind favored, the tide did not, and vice versa; but the ship still obeyed the helm. My partner was a skilled builder, yet lacked on many points essential to success. Early discovering this fact, I set myself to work to supply those essentials wherein he was lacking. By reason of the failure above mentioned, in order to secure ourselves, we were obliged through process of law to take possession of the real estate last built upon and sell it at auction. After [laying all debts, we found ourselves again scarcely more than square with the world.

Those early experiences and conflicts, seemingly hard to meet victoriously, nevertheless proved some of the most valued lessons of my life. True manhood and womanhood are never developed on "flowery beds of ease": therefore the conflicts of life have their uses. Having learned to wrestle with some of the harder problems of a business life, though without capita], I resolved upon another and bolder step forward ; namely, the purchase of a lot of land and the erection of a house for myself. This I accomplished by employing masons, slaters, painters, etc., whom I could pay with my work and material bestowed upon their houses, thus weaving the carpenter's profit on several houses into one. The capitalist, of course, was under us all.

Within one year I sold my house at a price which gave me a good margin, a capital sufficient to do business, and which never grew less. Soon after this, without embarrassment, I met the last payment due on the farm.

Not many years afterward my father passed from earth, leaving mother many years of widowhood and home enjoyment. No retrospective thought affords greater peace than the association and help bestowed in providing that paternal home. If any regret lingers, it is that I gave no more. The passing opportunity to do good is always the one to embrace.

in Boston, where our names are still retained. I would not in any wise undervalue church influence, yet I can truly say that no church or other influence has ever produced more vital effect for good upon my thought than that received during early childhood days at my mother's knee. There are mothers who intuitively impart to their children a Christian training, while unfortunately there are others who in those duties are defaulters. Were I to be asked the Cjuestion, Who in the human family share the greatest accountability and responsibility.'' my answer would be. The mothers of our youth. Good seed bears good fruit. We do not "gather grapes of thorns, nor figs of thistles." If we sow to the wind, we "reap the whirlwind."

When thirty years of age there had been laid the foundation for whatever of success in life has since appeared. Soon after this time I made an attemjit to join one of the then popular orders. The introduction thereto proved so distasteful that I proceeded no further.

In the political fieUl I met with little better success, filling elective offices for a peritid of five years only to learn that I cherished scarcely anything in common with the jiolitician except strict observance of the elective franchise. Therefore I withdrew from the field altogether, to pursue simply a legitimate business calling.

During a business experience of forty-five years I have never become party to a contract that I did not honorably fulfil, or that did not in some measure prove a financial success, even to the contract with myself not to spend my last days in adversity.

Some time since, I turned over to my younger son a prosperous business, which he is now successfully carrying on for himself. Thus, knowing that, in any event, my family is well provided for, I feel free to devote the balance of my years to other activities in the furtherance of "peace on earth, good will to men. "

^CA''/ II-LIAM TALCOTT KIMBALL, City Clerk of Lawrence, was born in this city, November 30, 1854. His parents were William Addison and Caroline L. (Smith) Kimball. He is a lineal descendant of Richard Kimball, a well-to-do yeoman, who, with his family, came to Massachusetts from Ipswich, England, in 1634, and located first in VVatertown, moving thence to Ipswich, in the county of Essex. His proj]- erty amounted to seven hundred and thirtyseven pinuids sterling. His son Benjamin, who was born in 1637, about the time of the removal to Ipswich, fought in the Indian wars. Benjamin Kimball died June 11, 1695. Samuel, son of Benjamin, was born in Bradford, Esse.x County, Mass., in 1680, and died in 1739. He married Eunice Chadwick ; and their son Edmund, who was born in Bradford in 1716, is the next in this line. He was a man of large landed estates, a prominent and influential citizen. He died in Bradford in 1795. Edmund's son David, who was born June 16, 1749, died in Pembroke, N.H., in 1816 or 1817. His wife was Mehitable Clement. They had thirteen children, ten of whom - namely, four sons and six daughters - attained maturity.

The eldest, William, who was William T. Kimball's grandfather, was born in Pembroke, N. H., October 2, 1771. The other sons who grew to manhood were: Eliphalet, John Carleton, and Jesse. William Kimball was a farmer of Pembroke. He died in 1845. He was married November 4, 1S02, to Sarah Osgood, who was born in Andover, Mass., in

1780, daughter of Samuel Osgood. She survived her husband many years, and was nearly ninety years old when death called her to rest. Mr. and Mrs. William Kimball were members of the Orthodox Congregational church. Fourteen children were born to them, and four sons and two daughters attained adult age. William Addison was the youngest son.

William Addison Kimball was born in Pembroke, N.H., t'ebruary 21, 1821. He was for some time mill overseer in Newburyport, Mass. In 1852 he came to Lawrence as an overseer in the Atlantic Mills, and in 1859 he engaged in the hardware business. A selfmade man, having earned his own capital, he was quite successful in its investment. In politics he was an active Republican. He was elected to the office of Overseer of the Poor in 1S79 and 1880. He was a prominent member of the Orthodox Congregational church, an officer in the society. William A. was twice married. His first wife, to whom he was united June 3, 1S52, was a daughter of Daniel and Abigail (Jevvett) Smith, born in 1823. The Jewetts are an old and worthy New England family, springing from Maximilian Jewett, who came from England in 1639, and settling in Rowley, Mass., was one of the prominent citizens of his time, and was a member of the General Court. Mrs. Caroline L. Kimball died August 6, 1869, leaving two children: William T., the subject of this sketch; and Edward P., now cashier of the First National Bank in Maiden, Mass. The father's second marriage, to Miss Kate F. Chandler, of Lawrence, took place December 30, 1874. William A. Kimball died March 6, 1880. He is survived by his second wife, a sketch of whom appears on another page.

stiuliccl for one year in Stuttgart, Wiirtemberg, Germany. Returning to Lawrence, he was for a number of years confidential clerk for the Hon. Edgar J. Sherman, who was then registrar of bankruptcy, having full charge of that branch of his business. In politics he is a Republican. He was elected City Clerk in

1885, the office in 18S6 being awarded a Democrat. In 1S87 Mr. Kimball was again elected; and he has held the position up to the present time, with the e.xception of 1892, when he was editor of the Lawrence Daily Auicrican. But one other citizen of Lawrence has held the office as long as Mr. Kimball. Mr. Kimball has all the details of the city administration at his finger ends, and is one of the best authorities here on such matters. He is a member of the Essex Club, the leading Republican organization of the county; of the Home Market Club; and of the Republican Club of Massachusetts. He is one of the directors of the Lowell, Lawrence & Haverhill Street Railway.

On May 20, 1885, he was married to Mina, daughter of Myron H. Kelley. Her mother was a Spanish lady; and she herself was born in Concepcion, Chili. She died April 23,

1886, aged thirty years, leaving one daughter, Mina Elizabeth, who was born March 13, 1886. On June 4, 1887, Mr. Kimball was married to his first wife's sister Lillia, who also was born in Chili. She is the mother of one child, Lillia Carrita, born July 20, 1S90. Mr. Kimball is a Knight Templar, a member of the Mystic Shrine, and Past Master of Phcenician Lodge, F. & A. M. He belongs to the order of Pilgrim leathers, and is secretary both of the Home Club and the Merrimack Valley County Club of this city. He is one of the few citizens of Lawrence honored with a medal by the Massachusetts Humane Society. The occasion was this: In 1881, while on the rocks at Gloucester, at a time when the sea was very high, he saw a boat, in which were six persons, capsize. Though not able to swim, he at once put out in a boat, and at the risk of his own life rescued four boys. Mr. Kimball resides at No. 95 Summer Street, where he was born and where his grandfather Smith settled in the early days of Lawrence.

OHN MERRILL POOR, a representative of one of West Newbury's oldest families, was born in this town, August 14, 1829, son of John and Lydia M (Merrill) Poor. The family dates its origin in England from the Norman Conquest, and was prominently identified with both Church and State affairs under the early Plantagenet rule. Rodger le Poer, who was l^ishop of Salisbury- in 1121, officiated at the marriage of Henry I. with the daughter of Godfrey, Count of Louvain, and placed the crown upon her head. This ceremony took place at Windsor Castle. Richard Poor, also Bishop of Salisbury, distinguished for his piety and learning, was the founder of the famous old cathedral in that town. He died at an advanced age in 1237. Richard Poor, a nejihew of Bishop Roger Poor (or Le Poer), located in Gloucestershire, and reared three sons - Herbert, Richard, and Philip. Herbert and Richard were educated for the church, and were advanced by old friends of their greatuncle. Bishop Roger Poor. The third son, Philip, is supposed on good authority to have been the ancestor of the present branch of the family in America.

Samuel Poor (first), the first ancestor of John Merrill Poor to emigrate to America, died in old Newbury in 1694, aged eighty-one years. His son, Samuel Poor (second), born in old Newbury in 1G48, died in 1728.

Samuel Poor (third), who was born in the same town in 1683, died in 1769. John Poor, great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born there in March, 1709, and Moses Poor, the grandfather, in 1760. After following the occupation of farmer throughout his active period Moses died in 1S40. John Poor, son of Moses, born in 1783, was a lifelong resident of Newbury. He was also a farmer, and died in 1866. His wife, Lydia E. , was a daughter of Deacon Abel Merrill, of West Newbury.

John Merrill Poor's attendance at the district school in the winter season ceased when he was seventeen years old. For the succeeding fourteen years his summers were spent as a farm assistant; and during each winter he worked at shoemaking in Haverhill, Mass., for Moses Howe. About the year i860 he settled upon the farm he now owns. To-day he is one of the most prosperous farmers in this town. In politics he is a Republican. He has served with ability as a member of the Koard of Selectmen for three years, and was inspector of cattle for one year. He has been treasurer of Newbury Grange, No. 146, Patrons of Husbandry, for eight years; and he is also a member of the Esse.x County Pomona Grange.

In 1870 Mr. Poor was united in marriage with Mary Alice Merrill, daughter of William Merrill, of West Newbury. Mrs. Poor has had si.x children, as follows; John, born in 1872; William, born in 1873; Lydia C, born in 1876; Dean Stan wood, born in 1880; Charles A., born in 1882; and Albert, born in 1885, who died in 1894. John fitted for his collegiate course at Professor Carlton's preparatory school, and graduated from Dartmouth College, class of 1897. William assists his father upon the farm. Lydia C. attends school in Bradford. Dean Stanwood fjiY<^^J''l'II E. BAILEY, of Georgetown, who is extensively engaged in the manufacture of boots and shoes, was born at Newbury, Mass., 1839. A son of Joseph Jenness and Myra (Danforth) Bailey, he is of English descent. His first ancestor in America was James Bailey, who came over with the Rev. Ezekiel Rogers and settled in Belleville, Newbury, now a part of Newburyport. Mr. Bailey's great-grandfather was Deacon Edmund Bailey. His grandfather, Josiah, was born in West Newbury, Mass. Joseph Jenness I^ailey, son of Josiah, born in Londonderry, N.H., in 1802, besides being a farmer, dealt extensively in lumber, [unxhasing stock in the North, shipping it to Newbury and then selling it at the ship-yards. He lived in Newbury, and married Myra Danforth, a daughter of Master Daniel Danforth, who belonged to one of the old families of Essex- County.

Joseph E. Bailey was educated in the public schools of Newbury, graduating from the Putnam High School at Newburyport in 1858. He then came to Georgetown, to work as clerk in a grocery store for Nathaniel Lambert & Son. After four years he was taken into the firm, which then became N. Lambert & Co. This partncrshiji had lasted five years when Mr. Bailey and the younger Lambert purchased the interest of the senior partner, and the name was changed to Lambert & Bailey. In 1884 Mr. Bailey bought his partner's interest, and thereafter carried on the business for ten years in his own name. Then he sold out his stock of goods and rented the store to Sanborn & Noyes. Afterward he spent about three years in settling estates in which he and his family were interested. In 1888 he and Mr. Noyes formed the firm of A. B. Noyes & Co. for the manufacture of boots and shoes. The firm, which was incorporated under the laws of the State with a capital of twenty thousand dollars, A. B. Noyes being the president and J. E. Bailey the treasurer, employs now about fifty skilled workmen. In 1881 Mr. Bailey erected the Bailey Block, to be used for stores below and tenements above. At one time he was the president of the Georgetown Savings Bank, and he now is a trustee and the auditor of that institution. He has served the community in the capacities of Selectman, Treasurer, and Collector, and was Town Clerk for ten years. In 1874 he was elected to the State legislatiue, where he was a member of the Committee on Mercantile Affairs. In politics he is a Republican and a strong temperance man. He is a member of the First Congregational Society of Georgetown, and has been the treasurer of the society for seven years. His connection with fraternal organizations is limited to membership in Protection Lodge, No. 147, I. O. O. F., of Georgetown.

In 1866 Mr. Bailey was married to Sarah A. liaton, a daughter of Daniel W. and Sarah Little Smith Eaton, of West Newbury. Her grandfather, James Smith, the fourth bearer of the name in the Smith family, was born on the old farm on Crane Neck Hill, in West Newbury. The second James Smith was the Cai)tain of a company in the Revolutionary War. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey have one son, Klmer Smith Bailey, who was born in 1872. After passing through the public schools and graduatitig from Phillips Academy in Andover, Elmer .S. Bailey took a special course in architecture at Brown University, and in 189s graduated from the Rhode Island School of Design at the head of his class, taking a

'^AMES F. PEASE, of the well-known carriage-makers in Merrimac, Samuel C. Pease & Sons, is a descendant of one of the Pease brothers who came from England to Salem in 1635, afterward settling one at Martha's Vineyard and one in Enfield. When Thomas Mayhew received a grant of Martha's Vineyard, seven families named Pease were found there. Among them was John Pease, who then had in his possession an Indian grant. The tradition is that they were shipwrecked there, and afterward traded with the Indians. Most of the ancestors of the family followed the sea. Generally men of character, some were eminent divines or distinguished in other walks of life. One of the Pease family at the age of eighteen was selected to serve in Lafayette's body-guard because of his magnificent physique. Another of the family was present at the surrender of 15urgoyne. The Hon. Calvin Pease was for fourteen years Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio. Captain Levi Pease made the first contract for carrying mails in New F2ngland from Portsmouth, N. H., to Savannah, Ga. Abisha Pease, the great-grandfather of James F., was i^rominent in church affairs. He left Martha's Vineyard and took up a large tract of land in Norridgewock, which he afterward lost through an imperfect title. Subsecjuently in Fall River he made a sufficient amount of money to enable him to return to Norridgewock and repurchase his farm. His son, the grandfather of Mr. James I''. Pease, removed to Fall River in middle life.

in Fall River. Afterward he worked at his trade in West Amesbury, now Merrimac, until 1 86 1, when he went into business for himself in a small way. A few years later he was able to buy the business and residence of John S. Poyen, and after an interval the establishment now owned by his sons, to which he added every year, as his custom steadily increased. His son James F. was made a member of the firm in 1S79, and rVank E. was received in 1SS3. In 18SS Mr. Pease disposed of the remainder of his interest to his youngest son, John T., and retired from active business, except to the extent of serving in the capacity of a director of the Merrimac National ]5ank. Since then he has given the most of his time to extended European travel and trijis to California. He is connected with the Congregational church, and together with his three sons, James F. , Frank E., and John T., is a member of Riverside Lodge, No. 174, I. O. O. F.

James F. Pease, the eldest son of .Samuel C. , was educated at the Merrimac High School and a commercial college in Boston. After learning the carriage trade he went into business with his father. For the past ten years he has had sole charge of the concern. Carriages of the highest grade are made in iiis establishment and shipped to all parts of the world. In 1895 a magnificent rockaway, adorned with gold-mounted lamps and other accessories, was sent by them to Turkey, to be used as the sultan's private carriage. Poth he and his brother Frank are directors of the Cooperative Bank of Merrimac. In politics he is a Prohibitionist, and he has served as a member of the Executive Committee of the State.

Evelyn, Martha, John Samuel, Elizabeth, and Beulah, all living at home. A man of cultivated literary tastes, he has rendered valuable services to the community as a member of the Board of Trustees of the Public Library, of which he is the present chairman. An esteemed Odd Fellow, he is a Past Grand of the Riverside Lodge, and is now its chaplain and a trustee. He is a member of the Congregational church, and served for some time on its Prudential Committee.

P'rank K. Pease, a draughtsman of unusual ability, is in charge of the blacksmith and wood-working department of the manufactory. He is Past Grand of Riverside Lodge, Past Chief I'atriot of P2agle Encampment, and Captain of Canton P'agle, Haverhill. Now serving his fifth year in the School Committee, he is the present chairman of that body. He married Miss Fannie Noyes, a daughter of Stephen Noyes, a contractor of Haverhill, and Sarah (Hoyt) Noyes, and has four children - Carrie Noyes, Charles P'rancis, Sarah Anne, and Frank Webster, all of whom are at home.

John T. Pease is in charge of the iiainting, trimming, and finishing department of the business. He married Miss Mattie Perry, of Sherman Mills, Me., a daughter of Joseph and I{mma (ICaton) Perry, and has two children - Emma Mattie and Mabelle Ella, both at home. In politics he is a Republican.

ILLIAM BARNES, janitor of the Nevins Library building at Methuen, Mass., was horn March 15, 1834, in Orford, Grafton County, N.H. His parents were John Busby and Lucy (P'reeman) Barnes, both descended from old Connecticut families. His paternal grandfather removed from Fairfield County, Connecticut, to Montreal, Canada, where he afterward resided. His mother's father, Daniel Freeman, served in the Revolutionary War, and soon after its close removed from Connecticut, the State of his birth, to Orford, N. H., where he was a pioneer settler.

John Busby Barnes was born in December, 1793, in Montreal, Canada, and was there reared and educated. When ready to establish himself in business he removed to New England, and thereafter lived in New Hampshire or Massachusetts until his decease in July, 1 87 1. He married Lucy Freeman, who was born December 25, 1S03, and died in 1875. Six children, all sons, were born to John Busby and Lucy Barnes, William being the fourth. One son, Joel Barnes, died very suddenly of apoplexy at the age of fifty-four years, leaving two daughters.

On January 8, 1853, before he had reached the nineteenth anniversary of his birth, William Barnes married Juliet Waldo, a fair young maiden of his own age, who was born in Methuen, Mass., a daughter of George A. and Almira (Bodwell) Waldo. He learned the hatter's trade when a young man, and worked as a journeyman at the Methuen bench for many years. During the war of the Rebellion he volunteered his services to his country, enlisting in the Fourteenth Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, which was changed to the l'"irst Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. He was mustered in at I'ort Warren, Boston Harbor, July 7, 1861. For two years and nine months he was engaged in garrison duty around Washington, D. C, and was then sent to the field of conflict. On May 15, 1864, he took an active part in the battle of Spottsylvania. Within the next six weeks his regiment was at the front in eight decisive contests; and, although one thousand three hundred and forty out of one thousand seven hundred and forty of his comratlcs were killed, wounded, or captured, he was fortunate enough to escape unharmed. His health, however, was undermined by the exposures and privations of life in camp and field, and he now draws a pension from the government. On returning to Methuen at the expiration of his term of enlistment he resumed work at his trade, and continued at it until 18S4, when he was appointed to his present position by Mr. Henry C. Nevins. He is an active member of a post of the G. A. R., of which he has been Junior Vice-Commander and chaplain. In politics he formerly affiliated with the Democratic party, but in 1896 he became a sound money Republican.

Mr. and Mrs. Barnes have four children, namely: Lucy Ardelle, wife of Edward W. Austin, of Lawrence, Mass. ; George William, of Methuen; Charles Albert, of Chicago, 111. ; and Lewis lulgar, of whom a brief sketch will be found on another page of this volume.

a rising young lawyer of Lynn, was born in this city, March 11, 1872. His father, Isaac M. Attwill, a native of Lynn and one of its best known and most respected residents, married Miss Harriet E. Sanger, of Watertown, Mass., and they became the parents of seven children; namely, Helen L. , Annie L., Joseph W., Mary C, Jesse L. (second), Harriet S., and Henry C.

Henry C. Attwill took the full course of study in the public schools of his native city, entering the primary grade as soon as old enough, and receiving his diploma from the high school in the spring of 1890. A few months later he became a student at the Boston University School of Law, from which he was graduated with the class of 1893. On the 8th of August, the same year, he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, ami at once associated himself with William D. Turner, who was then counsel for the Metropolitan Sewerage Commission, and who has an office in that city and in Lynn. He has since conducted a successful practice, having proved himself an earnest student of his profession, an acute and logical reasoner, and one possessed of more than ordinary oratorical ability.

In 1896 Mr. Attwill was elected to represent his constituents of the then Eighteenth Essex District in the State legislature, where he was distinguished as being the youngest member of the House. During that year he served on the Committees on Probate and Insolvency, and was a member and the clerk of the Committee on Elections. He is now, in 1897, also a member of the House of Representatives, being clerk of the Committee on the Judiciary.

In politics he is a stanch and steadfast Republican anil an active worker in the interests of his party. In 1894 and 1895 he was a member of the Lynn Republican City Committee. He now belongs to the Lynn Republican Club, and is likewise a member of the social orjranization known as the Oxford Club.

UDLEY BRADSTREET, of Topsfield, Mass., son of John and Sail}' (Rca) Hradstreet, bears the names of two distinguished ancestors - Governor Simon Bradstreet, of whom he is a descendant in the seventh generation, and Governor Thomas Dudley, from whom he is descended through the Governor's daughter Anne, of literary fame, wife of Governor Bradstreet. This is the line from Governor .Simon ' and Anne (Dudley) Bradstreet: John,' who married Sarah Perkins; Simon, ' who married in 1711 Elizabeth Capen ; John,^ who married Elizabeth Fisk ;

Captain Dudley Bradstreet, the grandfather, was the only son and the youngest child in his father's family. He was born and reared on the old Bradstreet homestead in Tojisfield. He chose an agricultural life; and in 1809, some years after his marriage, he bought a farm in Danvcrs, Mass., and made that his home until his death, on April 23, 1833. He and his wife, Mary, had eleven children; namely, Polly, Eliza, Sarah, Lydia, Porter, Joseph, Dudley, John, Albert, Jonathan, and Thomas. Of these, Polly, the eldest, married Samuel Peabody, of Boxford. Eliza became the wife of Silas Cochran, of Essex. .Sarah married Ahira Putnam, of Danvers. Lydia married a Mr. White, and had three children, all of whom became teachers in Boston. Porter, who married Mehitabel Bradstreet, daughter of John Bradstreet, settled on the adjoining farm, which was a part of the original tract granted to Governor Bradstreet, and lived there until his death at the age of sixty-seven years. He reared but one child, Hannah Prince, who married Humphrey Balch, and died in 1891. Joseph Bradstreet, who was a tailor in Boston, was drowned in the dock. He left a widow and two children. Dudley, Jr., the third son, who never married, was a hotel-keeper in early years, but subsequently bought from .Samuel Bradstreet, a near kinsman and the father of Cleveland Bradstreet, late Mayor of Rochester, N. Y. , the old homestead in Topsfield, and lived here until his death in 1832, aged forty-seven years. Albert, who lived for a time in the West, married a Miss .Stearns and died in Melrose, Mass. Jonathan went to Iowa when a young man, being the first settler in Burlington, and was shot during a dispute over land, at the age of twenty-seven years. The youngest of the family, the Rev. Thomas Ikadstreet, of Thompson, Conn., married a daughter of Seth Thomas, and is the father of Thomas Dudley ]?radstreet, who is manager of the Seth Thomas clock factory.

Dudley Bradstreet, Jr., dying in 1832, as already noted, left the old Bradstreet estate to his father, Captain Dudley, who died a few months later. His brother John then bought the interest of the remaining heirs in that property and in the Danvers farm, also.

John Bradstreet, son of Captain Dudley Bradstreet and brother of Dudley, Jr., remained on the Danvers farm until his death, February 22, 1870, at the age of si.xty-seven years and eight months. His wife, who was the daughter of Israel Rea, of Topsfield, survived many years, living in Topsfield, her death at the advanced age of ninety being caused by injuries received fiom her clothing catching fire.

John and Sally (Rea) l^radstreet had five children, namely: Dudley, the special subject of this sketch; John; Israel; Harrison; arid Sarah. John, the second son, was a cattle dealer in Hamilton. Israel went to California for his health, and died there, of consumption, leaving a widow and three children, who still remain in that State. Harrison, who is the keeper of a lodging-house in Boston, for a time owned the Danvers farm. He is married, but has no children. .Sarah, who is unmarried, lives in Topsfield.

Dudley Bradstreet, the eldest son, was born on the Danvers farm, July 6, 1S27. From the time he was old enough to make himself useful, he assisted in the management of the place until attaining his majority. He then worked for a time for his uncle Porter on the adjoining farm, once a part of Governor Bradstreet's landed property. In 1849 his father placed him in charge of the old homestead, which he had previously bought; and here Mr. Bradstreet has since been prosperously engaged in general farming. The estate contains one hundred and twenty-five acres; and the present house, built on the site of the original dwelling, was erected in 1770, one hundred and twenty-eight years ago, by a John Bradstreet, Sr. , who was descended from the second son of Governor Simon Bradstreet.

Mr. Bradstreet married February 12, 1S51, Miss Rtehitabcl P. Bradstreet, who was born in Hamilton, Mass., daughter of Josiah and Sarah (Patch) Bradstreet. Josiah Bradstreet was a son of John Bradstreet, Jr., and a grandson of John Bradstreet, Sr. ,who built the present house on the home farm, which he had inherited. John, Jr., was the first child born in this house. The farm descended to Samuel Bradstreet, the son of John Bradstreet, Sr. ; and he sold it, as above mentioned, to the uncle of the present owner. Mr. and Mrs. Bradstreet have ten children, namely: Sarah Josephine, wife of Josiah Loring Gould, of Melrose, Mass. ; Horace D., who married Mabel Warner, of Ipswich; Josiah Porter, of Hamilton, who married Addie Smith; Samuel W., unmarried; John H., who married Lucy Kneeland, and in company with his brother Samuel carries on the Esse.x County Agricultural Society Farm ; Percy Leroy, living at home; Albert C, also living on the old farm, who is Master of the Topsfield Grange; Alice Gertrude, who lives at home; Ruth, wife of Frank Bradstreet, of Beverly; and Mettie, a teacher in the Topsfield High School.

Mr. Bradstreet has always been numbered among the most faithful and public-spirited citizens of Topsfield, doing his full share to secure its advancement. He has held nearly all the town offices, serving as Selectman fif- teen years and as a member of the School Committee twenty years. In 1879 and 1880 he was a Representative to the State legislature, in which he was one of the Committee on Comities. For several years he was a Trustee of the Esse.x Agricultural Society and for many seasons a regular exhibitor at its annual fairs. In politics he is an unswerving Republican. Fraternally, he is a Mason, belonging to Amity Lodge of Danvers.

RANCIS A. P. KILLAN, senior member of the firm of F. A. P. Killan & Sons, well-known builders and contractors of Manchester, Mass., was born in Boxford, Mass., on September 11, 1823, son of Samuel and Lois (Holt) Killan. His father was a native of Boxford, and his mother of North Reading, Mass. The former, who was a farmer by occupation, died in 1839.

The subject of this sketch was educated in the common schools of Boxford. At the age of eighteen years he began to learn the trade of carpenter and builder with William B. Morgan, then a prominent contractor and builder of Manchester. After serving an apprenticeship of nearly three years he became foreman for Mr. Morgan, and had some ten or fifteen workmen under his charge. He was at this time but twenty years old. Previous to the breaking out of the Civil War he was engaged in business for himself, and subsequently during the war was a partner in the well-known firm of Phillips & Killan, with which he remained connected for thirtyeight years, or up to the time of Mr. Phillips's death. Since 1895 he has been associated in business with his son. The business methods of the firm have been such as to secure for them a wide reputation and the entire confidence of their patrons in this and other towns and cities. The buildings erected by them give evidence of the most careful and conscientious work, and each is a standing advertisement for them. Mr. Killan has served as town surveyor of lumber and measurer of wood and bark, also as town ganger of oil.

Mr. Killan married Mary E. Martin, of Manchester. He has had eight children, of whom three are living - Augustus M., Martin Lewis, and Cyrus Bartlett.

In politics Mr. Killan is a Republican. He is a member and Deacon of the Congregational Church of Manchester. Fraternally, he is a member and Past Grand of Magnolia Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and at present is serving as chaplain of the lodge.

(ffj^OHN TUFTS, manager of the Cape Ann Isinglass Company, of Rockport, was born in this town, May 10, 1843, son of Fli G. and Hannah (Mcjannet) Tufts. The family is an old and higjily reputable one in this locality. Eli G. Tufts, who was for many years a tailor in Rockport, died in 1852. His wife, Hannah, was a daughter of Samuel Mcjannet, a Scotchman, who came to this town when twenty-tiiree years old, and resided here for the rest of his life. She became the mother of four children, all of whom are living, namely: William E. Tufts, of St. Stephens, N.B. ; John, the subject of this sketch; Susan H., wife of Levi P. Thurston, of Rockport; and Albert C, who resides in Sacramento, Cal.

John Tufts completed his education in the Rockport Grammar School. At an early age he began tcf work for the Rockport Granite Company, shipping stone from this town to Boston, anrl si)cnt his summers in that occupation for a numijer of years. At the age of eighteen he became employetl in the isinglass factory at Ipswich, Mass. Isinglass can only be manufactured during the winter season: and Mr. Tufts was connected with the Ipswich factory for about twelve seasons, during which time he became thoroughly familiar with the Inisincss. In 1882 he was appointed manager of the Cape Ann Isinglass Company's factory in Rockport, a position which he has since filled with marked ability; and he is at the present time a stockholder and a member of the firm.

Mr. Tufts married Maria Clark, daughter of Lemuel J. Clark, late of Rockport. He has two children: Clara M., wife of Manley G. Littlefield, of this town; and Hosea C. In politics a Republican, Mr. Tufts takes a lively interest in the business development of the town. He is connected with Ashler Lodge, F'. & A. M., and is Past Grand of Granite Lodge, I. O. O. F. He attends the Universalist churcii.

'RED r. -STANTON, a well-known grocer and formerly Postmaster of Wenham, was born in this town on September 2, 1864, son of Charles H. and Mary E. (Boynton) Stanton. The Stanton family has been long and favorably known here, and its members have occupied ]iositions of trust and responsibility in the affairs of the town. Charles H. Stanton, who was a son of Alvin Stanton, was born in this county. He is now a prominent Democratic jiolitician of Wenham and a member of the Hoard of Trustees for the pulilic library.

I'red P. Stanton in his boyhood attended the public schools of Wenham and subse- (|uently the Beverly High School. At sixteen years of age he became clerk in the mercantile house of A. D. & W. ¥. Trowt, of this town, and for the following sixteen years was one of the most trusted employees of that firm. During five years of this time he served as Collector of Taxes for the town of Wenham and for ten years as Postmaster. Since he started in business for himself, in 1897, he has secured a generous patronage. His wide acquaintance furnished him with many patrons, whose confidence he studies to retain. He keeps two delivery wagons, and makes house to house calls. Besides carrying on his store he does considerable newspaper work, being local correspondent for the Beverly Times, the Salem Gazette, and for the Associated Press.

Mr. Stanton married Mary A. Beard, daughter of Charles E. Beard, superintendent of the Boston Ice Company's works at Newton Junction, N. IL, and formerly a resident of Wenham. Three children have been born to him; namely, Melvina A., Winnifrcd, and Blanche A. Mr. Stanton is a Democrat politically, and has served as member of the Wenham Democratic Town Committee. Fraternally, he belongs to the Order of United American Mechanics, Golden Star Council, at Beverly, of which he is ex-Councillor, ami to the Wenham Mutual Benefit Association.

ILLIAM HOARE, a member of the well-known firm of Roljerts & Hoare, leading contractors and builders of Manchester, Mass., is a native of Devonshire, England, born February 2, 1848, son of Stephen and Jane A. Hoare. Both parents were natives of England, and the mother is now deceased. William Hoare received his education in the public schools of his native country. At the age of fourteen he began to learn the carpenter's and joiner's trade, to which he served a seven years' apprenticeship. During this time he attended evening school. After finishing his apprenticeship he worked at his trade for some time as a journeyman in England. Coming to America in 1871, he settled in Gloucester, Mass., where he soon secured employment. From Gloucester he came subsequently to Manchester, and worked here for a number of years for Phillips & Killan, builders. He then became a member of the firm of Friend, Roberts & Hoare, which later became Roberts & Hoare, its present style, Mr. P^iend being no longer connected with it. For some fifteen years the firm has carried on a very successful business, and to-day is the leading firm of contractors in Manchester. They employ about sixty carpenters besides other workmen.

Mr. Hoare married N. Jessie Hodgess, who was born in Devonshire, England. He has a family of five children, as follows: Emma F. ; Jessie M., a well-known music teacher of established reputation; William W. ; Abbott H.; and Mabor T.

Mr. Hoare is interested in all matters pertaining to the welfare of Manchester, and is one of the men to whose vigorous and tireless efforts the town is indebted for its splendid system of water-works. He was one of the first three members composing the Water Board, and served as a member for five years.

Mr. Hoare is an active member of the Congregational church. Fraternally, he belongs to Magnolia Lodge at Manchester. A good representative of the Anglo-American citizen, he enjoys the confidence and esteem of all who have dealinrrs with him.

ARON PARSONS, chief clerk at the Gloucester custom-house, was born in this city. May 4, i<S44, son of Winthrop and Susan (Riggs) Parsons. He is a descendant in the seventh generation of Jeffrey Parsons, who was born in England in 163 1, emigrated to America when quite young, and in 1655 bought land in Gloucester. He served as Selectman several terms, and died in 1689. In 1657 he married Sarah Vinson. His son, Ebenezer, who was born in 168 1, was three times married. By his union with Lydia Haskell, Ebenezer had a son Isaac. Isaac was frequently elected a Selectman, and was prominent in the church, serving as Deacon and Ruling Elder. He died in 1761. His son, Isaac Parsons, second, who was also Deacon of the P'irst Church, died in 1767. In 1734 he married Hannah Burnham, of Ipswich. Aaron Parsons, son of Isaac, second, and grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born in 1759, and became a merchant. He married Mary Dolliver, and died in 1S09. Aaron Parsons was educated in the public schools and at Comer's Commercial College, Boston. His home has always been in Gloucester, where he is well known in business circles. Since 1S61 he has occupied his present responsible position of chief clerk at the custom-house. Mr. Parsons contracted the first of his two marriages with Georgia Shackleford, who bore him four children, namely: Frank W., born in May, 1870; Ralph, born in 1872; Willis li., born in 1S74; and Roy N., born in 1881. Frank W., who is book-keeper at Luce's Furniture House, married Marion Pierson, daughter of Charles B. Pierson, of this city. Ralph married Laura Mclntyre, and has two children: Georgianna, born in 1892; and Richard S., born in 1897. Willis E. is employed on the Gloucester Times as reporter. Roy N. is attending the high school. Mr. Parsons married for his second wife Sarah E. Lynch; and of this union there is one child, Aaron Lester, born in 1895. Mr. Parsons belongs to Gloucester

Council, Royal Arcanum, and has been its secretary since 1879. He has also held the appointment of Notary Public and Justice of the Peace for the past twenty-five years, and has been executor and trustee in the settlement of a number of estates. His ability and experience make him a very efficient officer at the custom-house, and he is personally popular among the business men of the city.

|BENEZER KNOWLTON FOGG, a prominent citizen of Lynn and one of its ex-Mayors, was born October 24, 1837, in Northvvood, N.H., son of Jeremiah Fogg. He comes of Revolutionary stock, his grandfather, Jonathan Fogg, a native of New Hampshire, having been one of the patriotic heroes that fought in the great struggle for independence.

Jeremiah Fogg, born and reared in Pittsfield, N.H., spent many years engaged in agricultural pursuits in the town of Northwood. In 1S67 he removed to Lynn, and here made his home until his earthly career ended, on July 4, 18S3. His wife, whose maiden name was Abigail Hill, was born in Strafford, N.H. They had a family of nine children; namely, ]Mir)ch P., Vienna II., John C, I'lliza A., E. Knowlton, Moses True, Jeremiah Monsen, Charles O., and Ellen A.

E. Knowlton P'ogg obtained his early education in the district schools of Northwood. Subsequently he studied at New Hamilton Academy, an institution that held and has since maintained a high rank among the New England academies. When twenty years old Mr. I'^ogg began working at the shoemaker's trade in Lynn. From that time until the great fire of i8Sg he was engaged in the shoe business, becoming familiar with its every detail. From 18S9 until iSqi he was cmployed as a salesman in the furniture store of Titus & Buckley. Since then he has been a manufacturer of shoes and shoe supplies on his own account.

Mr. P^ogg IS a strong Republican, and has always taken a lively interest in local matters. His sound judgment, executive force, and courtesy have made him a valuable oflficial of the municipality. In 1888 he was a member of the Lynn Common Council, and during the ensuing two years he was one of the Aldermen, being in 1890 the president of the board. In 1 89 1 he was elected Mayor of the city. In 1896 he was elected to the House of Representatives, and in 1897 he was re-elected to the same high position. While in the House he served on the Metropolitan Committee; and he was instrumental in setting aside ward assessments, in 1896 having a readjustment of the laws. Fraternally, he is a Mason and an Odd Fellow, belonging to the Golden P'leece Lodge, F. & A. M., and being a charter member of East Lynn Lodge, No. 207, I. O. O. F., of which he has been the treasurer for the past three years. He is also a director and the vice-president of the East Lynn Odd Fellows Building Association. He was appointed Postmaster for Lynn for four years by President McKinley, his commission dating from May 25, 1898. On January 5, 1862, he was married to Miss P^anny S. Batchelder, of Northwood, N.H. They have had two children - Bertha Grace and Wilbcrt Kirkland. Wilbert Kirkland died March 31, 189S, after a protracted illness of several years.

LBERT NEWELL HOLT, the proprietor of a popular summer board ing- 'ls^_^, house in North An<lover, was born in Andover, November 10, 1841, son of Jonas ami I'amelia Porter (Frye) Holt. The family is one of the oldest in this section of the county, having resided in Andover for the past two hundred and fifty years; and they were the first to come up the Merrimac River in a boat from Nevvburyport. A company raised in Andover during the Revolutionary War contained fifteen men named Holt, one of whom was its Captain. The original house is still standing; and the homestead remained in the family's possession until 1873, when it was sold by Lewis G. Holt, who moved to Lawrence. The paternal great-grandfather of Albert Newell was Ezekiel Holt. The grandfather, Isaac Holt, born in 1773, who died in 1843, married Abigail Blunt, a descendant of a family that came to Andover a short time after the arrival of the Holts. Isaac and Abigail Holt were the [larents of six sons and four daughters. All the sons and one daughter married. Warren, the youngest of the family, who became an educator, went to California in 1865, and is supposed to be living there now.

Jonas Holt, born December 8, iSoo, was a lifelong resident of Andover, occupying the Holt farm, which he cultivated with energy. Prominently identified with local affairs, he served as a Selectman, Town Treasurer, and Collector. He married Pamelia Porter Frye, who was a daughter of Timothy Frye and a grand-daughter of Colonel James Frye, an officer in the Revolutionary War under General Washington. She became the mother of ten children, five of whom are living, namely: Caroline Charlotte, the wife of James Fleming, of Tewksbury, Mass. ; Lewis G., a resident of Lawrence; Albion T. ; Brooks F. ; and Albert N. Holt. The Holt family is the object of especial interest to the people of Andover to-day on account of its identity with the early settlement of the town. Further

Albert Newell Holt attended the Punchard Free School and Phillips Academy. In 1866 he went to Boston, where he entered the employ of Daniel Gregory, a meat and provision merchant. Upon his return he established himself in the same line, and carried on a thriving business for the succeeding eight years. Flailing health then compelled him to seek a less arduous employment, and he opened a boarding-house. This he had conducted successfully for si.\ years, when he sold out in 1S92. Then he came to North Andover, where he has since been the proprietor of a large and handsome resort for summer boarders.

Mr. Holt married his brother's widow, Ettie Buck Holt, and has no children. He is a member of St. John's Lodge, F. & A. M. ; of St. Paul's Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; and of Boston Commandery, Knights Templar. He attends the Cont:regational church.

M'OS 15USWHLL COFFIN, boatbuilder, a prominent citizen of Salisbury, Mass., a native of the town, and representative of one of the old families, was born on February 16, 1828, son of Joseph Moulton and Hannah (Buswell) Cofifin. He is of the ninth generation in direct male line from Peter and Joanna (Thember) Coffin, of Bri.xton, England, county of Devon, among whose posterity bearing this surname have been men of note in business and professional circles throughout New England and in other parts of the country, and in many instances men who have won more than local fame.

Massachusetts and settled in Salisbury, in the north-east part of Essex County. The mother died in Nantucket in 1661. Tristram, who was born in l^ngland, married, and had five children jjefore coming to America. He died at Nantucket, October 2, 1681. Mis wife was Dionis Stevens, daughter of Robert Stevens, of 15ri.\ton, luigland. Their second son was Tristram, Jr., born about 1632. He lived in Newbury, and all the Coffins of that town are descended from him. His house was standing in 1S69, two hundred years old. He was a very active and infiuential citizen; was made Lieutenant of the first military company of Newbury, May 16, 1683; was Representative to General Court in 1695, 1700, 1701, and 1702; and was a Deacon in the church for twenty years. He married March 2, 1652-3, Judith, daughter of Edmund and Sarah Greenleaf, and widow of Henry Somerby. He died in Newbury in 1704.

He had nine children, the eighth of whom, named Stephen, was born August 18, 1664, and died August 31, 1725. His wife was Sarah, daughter of John and Sarah (Mirick) Atkinson. They had a large family of children. Their son Stephen, Jr., born in 1698, married August 16, 1722, Sarah Boardman, and had seven children. The second son was Stephen, third, who was born August t,o, 1730, antl died May 26, 1822. He married January 30, 1752, Sarah Knight, who died June 20, 1823.

Of their five children, John, the fourth, was born December i, 1762. He was a gentleman of the old school, courteous and high-minded. He was County Squire and did considerable writing of legal documents. He was a large property owner. He carried on a boat-building business, and also did some farming atid operated a grist-mill, which was standing until recently, when it was torn down. His wife was before marriage Anna Pettengill. Their five children were: Beniah ; John; Samuel Pettengill who died in the West Indies when young; Joseph Moulton; and William Boardman.

Joseph Moulton Cofifin was born February 4, 1798. He succeeded his fatiier in the boat business, building chiefly for the fishing traffic. He married Hannah Buswell, a daughter of Amos and Nabby (Eaton) Buswell. She was born September 8, 1802 ; and she died January 8, 1883, having long survived her husband, the date of whose death was September 4, 1865.

Of their two sons, Amos B. , the subject of this sketch, is the elder. He was educated in the public school of Salisbury, which for a time was taught by his mother's sister. He began boat-building with his father, and carried on a large business, as many as a hundred boats being built in a single year. Always interested in educational matters, he served a year on the School I^oard, long before the change in the town's boundaries, in 18S6; and since that change he has been chairman of the board for a number of years and practically in charge of the schools. When the flag was first unfurled from the March School at sunrise on July 4, 1891, Mr. Coffin made the speech as his daughter unrolled the stars and stripes to the breeze. This was a very interesting occasion, and many persons were present, and a collation was served.

On June 14, 1855, Mr. Coffin married Ann Eliza Ha.skell, of Newburyport, daughter of Caleb, third, and Fannie M. (Betts) Haskell. Her grandfather, Caleb Haskell, second, was a fifer in the Revolutionary army. He enlisted May 6, 1775, under Captain h^zra Lunt, of Newburyport, was at the battle of Bunker IHll, the siege of Boston, and in Arnold's expedition to (Quebec. The children of Mr. and

Mrs. Coffin are Hannah Buswell and Mary Haskell, the former of whom, educated at the Putnam Free School, has been for some years a most successful teacher. Her first school was the Salisbury school, numbering fifty pupils; and she afterward taught in Deerfield and Amesbury. She is now at home.

In politics the men of this branch of the family for generations, it may be remarked, have been Whigs and later Republicans. Although never aspiring to public office, they have always taken an active interest in public affairs, and have always been found at the polls on voting day.

A number of the descendants of James, second, son of Tristram Coffin, Sr. , during the Revolutionary period adhered to the crown. The story of two of these - namely, Admiral Sir Isaac and General John Coffin, born in Boston, sons of Nathaniel Coffin, his majesty's Receiver-general - has been well told by a distinguished representative of the name, the late Charles Carleton Coffin, in his "Daughters of the Revolution," and is quoted here: "Isaac Coffin obtained an appointment in his majesty's navy in 1773. Upon the outbreak of the war he proffered his resignation, not being willing to fight against his countrymen, but, being assured he would not be sent to North America, remained in the service of the king, rising by merit to the position of Rear Admiral. He retained through life a deep affection for his countrymen, and endowed a school on the island of Nantucket. His younger brother, John, sided with the king, joined the British forces, became a Captain of a company of loyalists, served under Colonel Tarleton in South Carolina, becoming Major, Colonel, and after the war Major-general. He received a grant of several thousand acres of land in Nova Scotia. Though maintaining allegiance to the king, he had great

LIVER T. ROBERTS, a member of the well-known firm of Roberts & lloare, of Manchester, contractors and builders, was born April 12, 1850, son of Captain Oliver and Ruth (Foss) Roberts. The Roberts family is of Scotch-English descent. Andrew Roberts, grandfather of Oliver T., was a soldier in the War of 1S12. His wife, who was a Leach before her marriage was descended from one of that name, who emigrated to America in 1629, and settled in Manchester. Captain Oliver Roberts, who resides in West Manchester, has reached the age of seventy-five years. He was born and reared in this town, which he has made his home all his life. He has been engaged in the cod and other fishing business, having gone to the Grand Banks as master of various sailing-vessels. For many years he has been one of the Deacons of the Congregational Church of Manchester. Mrs. Ruth F. Roberts, who is now deceased, was a native of Strafford, N.H.

Oliver T. Roberts received his elementary education in the public schools of Manchester. When eighteen years of age he was apprenticed to Phillips & Killan, builders of this town. After serving jn apprenticeship of three years he worked for a number of years as journeyman for the same firm. He first engaged in business for himself in Manchester in the firm of Friend, Roberts & Hoare, which existed until Mr. P'riend withdrew, when it became the firm of Roberts & Hoare. This firm does an extensive business, and employs an average of sixty men the year round.

tcrs of genonil and local interest, and has made a study of political questions. He married Adaline M. Larcom, of Beverly Farms, and has one son, Mollis L. Mr. Roberts is an active member of the Congregational Church of Manchester, and has served for some ten years as superintendent of its Sunday-school. Fraternally, he is a member of the Odd Fellows Lodge, of Manchester, also of North Siiore Lodge, American Order of United Workmen, being Past Master in both lodires.

HARLES HENRY CHASE, a member of the Lynn School l^oard, was born October 26, 1847, in Swanzey, N.H. His mother, whose maiden name was Lydia C. Chadwell, born in Lynn, was a daughter of William Chadwell, who was the first depot master at the Eastern Railway station, and for some years served as Deputy Sheriff of Esse.x County. Charles Henry ceased to attend the public schools of Lynn when he was fourteen years old. Desirous tiien of finding some profitable employment, he entered the factory of S. S. Ireson, from whom he obtained his first knowledge of the shoe business, and remained with him eleven years, at the end of which Mr. Ireson retired from active life. He then secured a situation with B. F. Spinney & Co., and for five years worked in their factory at Norway, Me. In 1881 he returned to Lynn, and since tiiat time has been connected with tlie firm of John Donnallan & Son.

Mr. Chase has always been intensely interested in public affairs, especially those pertaining to the municipality in which he lives; and for some time he has been officially connected with its government. I'"roin 1893 until 1896, inclusive, he was a member of the Common Council, serving for tiie first year on tiie Committees on Water Supply, Printing, and Enrolled Bills. In 1894 and 1895 he was president of the Council and as such (-.r officio member of the School Board, serving during that period on the Committees on Finance, Education, Water Supply, and Incidental Expenses. In 1896 he was a member of the Committees on Finance anil Education. He is now serving a three years' term as a member of the School Board, to which he was elected in 1896. In 1893 he was elected a trustee of the Lynn Public Library, and he was re-elected in 1896 for another term of three years, being now the secretary of the board.

Mr. Chase is a member of Richard W. Drown Lodge, No. 106, I. O. O. F., of which he is Past Grand; of Lynn Encampment, No. 58, I. O. O. F., being a Past Chief Patriarch and its Scribe since the organization of the lodge; and of the American Legion of Honor, being Commaniler of Fraternity Council, No. 26. He is a prominent and useful member of the Boston Street Methodist Church, the secretary and treasurer of the Boston Street Methodist Sunday-school Association, and for the past eight years has been the secretary of the Y. M. C. A. On October 31, 1872, he was united in marriage with Miss Nellie Poole, a daughter of Stephen D. Poole, of this city. One child has been born to them, a daughter. Bertha P. Chase.

/^TeORGE CLEVELAND HIGGINS, a V 1^ I well-known business man of Lynn, was born November 19, 1845, in Orleans, Barnstable County, Mass., where his parents, Jonathan and Mary Doane Higgins, spent the larger part of their lives. His boyhood was passed in Orleans, attending the public schools until he was sixteen years old. Coiiiing then to Lynn, he served an apprenticeship at the trade of a morocco dresser and finisher with Pevear & Co., a firm with which he was connected for thirty-one years, carrying on a substantial business in this city and Boston. In 1892, leaving the company with which he had so long been identified, he opened an office as notary, conveyancer, etc., a business in which he is still actively engaged. Other interests occupy a portion of his time. He has been the treasurer and a director of the Guild Pianoforte Company since its incorporation in 1895.

Taking an intelligent interest in things pertaining to the municipal life of the city, Mr. Higgins has rendered valuable aid in inaugurating enterprises advantageous to the place both by counsel and service. P'rom 1881 until 1S83, inclusive, he was a member of the Common Council. In 1888 he filled the Mayor's chair, performing his duties in a most creditable and satisfactory manner; and in 1893 and 1894 he represented his district in the State legislature. When but eighteen years of age he enlisted in the PLighth Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, and served from July, 1864, until he was mustered out on November 10 of the same year. The memories of those few weeks spent in defence of the Union are still cherished by him. With many other brave comrades he is a member of General Lander Post, No. 5, G. A. R. He is likewise connected with Mount Carmel Lodge and Sutton Chapter, F. & A. M., and with Providence Lodge, No. 171, I. O. O. F. In politics he is an uncompromising Republican, and he had the honor of being the first Mayor elected in Lynn on the straight Republican ticket.

born in Waterville, Me., daughter of Asa and Abigail H. Irving. Mr. and Mrs. Higgins have three children; namely, Arthur J., George H., and Mabel C. He is a man of strong religious faith and a member of the Washington Street Baptist Church.

/^^TeORGE B. KING, the janitor of the Vh^X Superior Court building at Lawrence, was born January 23, 1848, in Lowell, Middlesex County, son of the late William King. The father, born in 1810 in Paisley, Scotland, son of a weaver, while yet a lad, learned the weaver's trade from his father, and in 1830 emigrated to America. After a tedious voyage of two months on the Atlantic he landed in New York, whence he went to Philadelphia, where he was employed during the subsequent five years at his trade. Coming then to Massachusetts, he worked as a carpet weaver for several years, after which he invested his savings in a farm in Fremont, Sullivan County, N.Y. In 1867 he removed to Lawrence, Mass., and in company with Iiis eldest son, William A. King, engaged in the manufacture of dress braid for a number of years. Selling out his business, he thereafter made his home in Pelham, N.H., until his death, at the age of seventy-three years. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Smith, born in Scotland, died in Pelham, having survived him two years. They had five children - Anna, William, George B., James, and Jennie. Jennie died in Pelham at the age of twenty-two years.

George B. King received such educational advantages as were offered by the district school, which he attended irregularly, as the opportunity offered. At the age of eighteen he began learning the painter's trade, which he followed continuously until 1884, when he was appointed by the County Commissioners to his present office as janitor, a position which he has since filled to the satisfaction of all concerned. Although his school days were limited in number, Mr. King has obtained a good knowledge of various sciences. He is well versed in geology, which he studied from boyhood, and in palasontology and entomology. On the latter subject he is considered an authority in this locality. In his laboratory, a room in the south-east corner of the upper story of the court building, he has a rare collection of insects, the acquirement of which has cost him years of study and toil. The cases and drawers devoted to ants alone would cover some forty square feet of sjiace, while those filled with other interesting species dear to the entomologist would occupy nearly twice as much room. In his investigations he has necessarily worked at a great disadvantage, having had no preparatory knowledge to guide him. Yet what he has accomplished is marvellous when compared with that of students having easy access to every department of learning. On July 6, 1 87 1, Mr. King married Julia, daughter of Daniel and Eliza (Nichols) Eastman, of Lawrence. Of their six children, one died in infancy. The five living are: George, of Lawrence; Lillie; Ada; l^la; and Charles. Charles, a bright boy of thirteen years, is as much interested in natural history as his father, and makes regular pets of insects. Mr. King is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men and of the Scottish Clan.

(IIARLES BOYNTON, formerly a well-known merchant of Newbury, was born in Rowley, Mass., September 8, 1 81 3, son of Ebenezer and Jane (Todd) Boynton. His father, Ebenezer Boynton, who was a farmer and merchant of Rowley, was born in Gloucester, Sandy Bay (now Rockport), in 1771. His banns of marriage to Jane Todd were published October ig, 1790. She was born in Rowley, July 19, 1773, and was a daughter of Daniel Todd, Jr., and Jane (Pickard) Todd. Ebenezer Boynton, who was familiarly known as Major Eben, died May 15, 183S, aged sixty-eight years. His wife, Jane, survived him nearly fifteen years, dying April 20,1853, aged seventy-nine years and nine months. Their children were as follows: Jane, born in 1798, married a Mr. Richards, and died June 29, 1876; libenezer, born January 26, 1800, died February 28, 1850; Daniel, born May 30, 1805, died April 3, 1891 ; Henry, born November 17, 1807, died April 6, 1888; William, born February I, 1810, died January 6, 1897; Charles, born September 8, 1S13, died January 22, 1896; Ezekiel, born in July, 181 5, died July 17, 1858; John, born May 15, 1818, died January 23, 1888.

After receiving his education in the schools of Rowley, Charles Boynton went when a young man to Boston, where he learned the cabinet-maker's trade, which he followed in that city for some years. Returning subsequently to Georgetown, he conducted business for a time as a cabinet-maker in company with his brother William. He then went into the commission fruit and produce business, buying in large quantities from the farmers throughout the county, and making his shipments to Boston. He also dealt largely in horses, many of which he furnished on contract to the government during the Civil War. In 1870 he removed to Gloucester, where he owned and carried on a large livery and sale stable, and where he also opened a provision market. Seven years later he sold his livery business and returned to Newbury, having purchased of E. P. Shaw a beautiful residence in the village, commanding a fine view of the sea and of the wellknown resorts of Salisbury and Tlum Island.

Mr. ]3oynton was twice married : first, in 1836 (banns published July 30), to Sibyl P. Hunt, who was born in 181 1 at West Charleston, Vt., and who died January 21, 1855. She was a daughter of Moses Hunt, who had four children - Sibyl P., Wealthy, Petsey, and Mahala. Wealthy married a Mr. Carr, and had two children - Adelaide and Eddie. Adelaide became the wife of Hollis Warren, and removed to California, where she now resides. Eddie, who also married, is now deceased. Betsey Hunt married first Ira Warren and for her second husband Tidson Lyons. They lived on a farm in West Charleston, Vt. Mahala Hunt became the wife of Chauncey P'uller, and resided at South Barton, Vt. Both she and her husband are now deceased. Mr. Boynton's second wife, to whom he was united in November, 1855, was previously Mrs. Jane Y. Hills Hilliard, widow of Benjamin Hilliard. She was a native of Georgetown, a daughter of Charles and Hettie (Chase) Hills, and a grand-daughter of Obadiah Hills, one of the minute-men of 1776. Mr. Boynton's children, four in number, were all by the first wife, namely: Olive Ann, who died in August, 1876, aged thirty-seven years; Charles Albert; Ira Warren, who died in infancy; and Arthur Warren, born January 2, 185 1. The last named was associated in business with his father for some years, and later went to New York, where he is now successfully engaged as an advertising agent. He married October 31, 1883, Emilie Seifert, of New York. The father, Charles Boynton, died in 1896 at the advanced age of eighty-two years. Until within the last five or si.x years of his life it was his custom to visit his headquarters at Bennett & Rand's, Boston, nearly every week; and his familiar figure was also seen daily, early and late, visiting the various sections of the county in which he had dealings with the farmers. His wife, who survives him, resides in Newbury. Charles A. Boynton was born October 7, 1842. He was reared and educated in Georgetown, and began at an early age to assist his father, with whom he remained until he was twenty-one years old. He then went to Providence, K.I., where for five years he was in the employ of the Union Railroad Company. Later he was for four years associated with his father in Gloucester. For some years thereafter he was engaged in the hotel business. He now resides in Everett, Mass.

ASHINGTON BURNHAM, a reired farmer of Essex, was born in this town, January 30, 1819, son of Benjamin and Lucy (Hardy) Burnham. The Burnham family, which has been identified with the town of Essex for seven generations, was founded by Lieutenant Thomas Burnham, who was born in Norwich, Norfolk County, P3ngland, in 1623. He came to America in 1635 on board the ship "Angel Gabriel," commanded by his maternal uncle, Captain Andrew, which was wrecked upon the coast of Maine. Thomas Burnham settled in Chebacco, now Essex, and shortly afterward joined the expedition against the Pequot tribe of Indians. In 1667 he was granted a sawmill privilege near Essex Falls. He became a large land-owner, and also attained prominence in public affairs. He served as a Selectman in 1647 anil on town committees, in 1664 was appointed Sergeant of the Ipswich Company, in 1665 was made PZnsign, and in

1683 a Lieutenant. He served as a Deputy to the General Court in 1683, 1684, and 1685. Lieutenant Thomas ]5urnham died in June, 1694. In 1645 he wedded Mary Lawrence, who was probably a step-daughter of John Tuttle.

His second child, John Burnham, the next in line, was born in 1648. He married June 6, 1668, Elizabeth Wells, and had a family of nine children, as follows: John, Thomas, Jacob, Joseph, Abigail, Jacob (second), Jonathan, David, and Mary. David Burnham, son of John, was born in Essex in 1688, and died in 1770. His first wife was Elizabeth Perkins, and his second wife Elizabeth Bartlett. By his first union there were five children; namely, Elizabeth, David, Sarah, Abigail, and Wesley. The children by his second union were: Isaac, Joseph, and William. David Burnham, Jr., was born in Essex, June 17, 1714, and died December 27, 1802. He married Elizabeth Marshall, who was born in 171 5, and died in 1 801. Of this union were born the following named children - Amos, David, a second David, Elizabeth, Moses, Hannah, Enoch, Susannah, Benjamin, a second Moses, and Parker.

Benjamin Burnham, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born in 1755. He enrolled himself among the patriots at the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, and served until the end of the struggle. He vk^as present at the battle of Bunker Hill, and for three years acted as an Aide-de-camp to General Washington. He lived to be ninety-two years old, and died in 1847. His wife, Susannah Day, died in 1843. Their children were: Benjamin, Susannah, Abner, Thirza, and Silas.

Benjamin Burnham, Jr., Washington Burnham's father, was born in Essex, March 8, 1778. He learned the trade of a ship-carpenter, which he followed in his native town for the greater part of his life. His last days were passed in Amesbury, Mass., where he died September 29, 1838. He was twice married, and by his union with Polly Knovvlton, his first wife, there were six children; namely, Esther, Timothy, Washington, Edwin W., Mary, and Mary D. His second wife, Lucy Hardy, who was a native of Esse.x, was the mother of five children, as follows: Washington, the subject of this sketch; Cyrus H., born September 15, 1820; Lafayette, who was born August 26, 1824, and died May 14, 1825; Lafayette, second, born March 21, 1827, died March 19, 1844; and Benjamin F., born July 29, 1829. Cyrus H. Burnham married August 20, 1848, Mary J. Morse, now deceased. He died in 1893. Benjamin F. Burnham and his wife, who was an English lady, are both deceased. Their son, James Franklin Burnham, resides in Boston. Mrs. Lucy Hardy Burnham died in 1872.