Essex Town (part 18 of 26)

Washington Burnham acquired his education in the common schools and at the Amesbury Academy. He began active life as a ship-carpenter, having learned that trade with his father; and he followed it for about eight years. He then carried on lumbering operations in New Hampshire for a time, and afterward, going to Virginia, was for four years engaged in cutting ship timber and wood, which he supplied to the New York market. In 1857 he settled ujion his present farm in tlssex, and followed agricultural pursuits vvith energy and success until his retirement, which took place some years since.

On December 25, 1841, Mr. Burnham was united in marriage with Mary B. Giddings, who was born in Rockport, Mass., in January, 1 81 7, daughter of Aaron and Mary (Brooks) Giddings. She became the mother of three children, namely: Lamont Giddings, born

August 5, 1844; Mary Isabelle, born in Amesbury, Mass., October 4, 1848; and Florence May, born April 12, 1851. Mary Isabelle ikirnham was married in 1866 to Frank F. Andrews, a prosperous farmer of Essex, and has two children - Lawrence E. and Mary F. Florence May is the wife of Frank Adams, an expressman, of Gloucester, Mass., and has five children. Mrs. Mary B. Giddings Burnham died June 3, 1891.

In politics Mr. Burnham is an earnest supporter of the Republican party, but has never aspired to prominence in public affairs. He has, however, rendered valuable aid to the cause of public education in Essex, having been a member of the School Board nine years, and Superintendent of Schools four years. He has attained success both as a business man and a farmer, and the fruits of his industry enable him to pass his declining years in rest and recreation.

Lamont Giddings Burnham, the well-known Boston coal merchant, is a veteran of the Civil War. Enlisting in 1862 in Company E, Forty-eighth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, he served under General Banks at the capture of New Orleans, and was present at the siege of Port Hudson. Later he joined Company F, Third Massachusetts Regiment, with which he served until the close of his term of enlistment. He served as Provost under General Moore for five years with rank of Captain. He was appointed Captain of Troop D, of Roxbury, but later retired from the service. His business career was begun in Boston with Batchelrler Brothers; and three years later he entered the coal business with Charles F. Newell, under the firm name of Newell & Burnham. In 1871 Mr. Newell retired, and from that time until i8g8 the business was carried on under the name of L. G, Burnham & Co., this well-known concern being perhaps the most extensive distributer of coal in New England, and, besides having unexcelled facilities for receiving and handling their cargoes, owning several vessels and barges engaged in transporting coal to Boston from the various coal ports. In 1898 the Metropolitan Coal Company was organized, with Mr. L. G. Burnham as president. This comprises five of the most extensive coal firms of Boston and vicinity. Mr. L. G. Burnham was president of the Boston Chamber of Commerce for 1891 and 1892, was in the latter year elected the chief executive of the West India Fibre Company and of the Roxbury Central Wharf Company. He is a director of the Boston Fruit Company and of the Mechanics' National Bank, and was recently appointed a member of the board of trustees of the Boston City Hospital. He is one of the most prominent figures in Boston business circles.

ILLIAM WALLACE COLBY, an undertaker and funeral director of Lawrence, and one of those who have carried on this business longest in this city, was born in Eaton, now Madison, N. H., June 24, 18 18, son of Ebenezer Colby. The Colby family traces its ancestry back in a direct line to the year 1 133. It was first represented on American soil by Anthony Colby, who came from old England to New England at a very early date, settling in Amesbury, Essex County. The Colby homestead in Amesbury, that has not been out of the possession of the family since it was acquired by

Coleman Colby, the grandfather of William W., was a New Hampshire farmer. He was first Biarried to Phoebe Garland, and subsequently to a Miss Barrows. He reared nine children; namely, Coleman, Ebenezer, Judith, Timothy, Phcebe, Rachel, Abram, Richard, and Lorenzo. Richard, a lawyer, died comparatively young. Lorenzo had reached the age of fourscore when he died in Chelsea, Mass. Ebenezer Colby, born in Eaton, N.H., March 12, 1791, died in the same place in the winter of 1859. An industrious husbandman, he toiled early and late on his rocky farm to support his family. He was twice married. His first wife, Dorothy, a daughter of Philip Jackson, of Eaton, N.H., died at the age of forty-two years. Of their six children, a daughter died in infancy. The others were: John, Mary Ann, William Wallace, Charlotte, and Stephen. A second marriage united Ebenezer with Mary Morrison, of Freedom, N. H., who bore him three children - Eben, Albion, and Mary. Of his nine children, two are living - William W. and Eben. Eben is a farmer in Moultonboro, N.H.

After completing his education in the district schools of Eaton, William W. Colby assisted in the care of the home farm until he attained his majority. Then, in June, 1839, he left home with ten dollars in his pockets, five of which was borrowed from a neighbor, and began the struggle of life in earnest. Having taken the stage-coach at three o'clock in the morning, he reached Dover, some seventy miles distant, at ten o'clock that night. Early next day he resumed his journey, reaching Haverhill, Mass., at three o'clock in the afternoon. Here he accepted work on a farm at twelve dollars a month. At the end of nine months he had saved ninety-six dollars, for which he took his employer's note. During the ensuing winter, in East Haverhill, he worked as an apprentice at the shoemaker's trade for his board. In the following summer he took charge of the farm of a widow in the vicinity. About eight years after his marriage he settled in Lawrence, where he was active in municipal affairs for a time. In 1864 and 1865 he was a member of the Common Council. After this he conducted an express business between Boston and Methuen for a time. During the years 1871 and 1872 he was superintendent of the cemetery. In 1875 he engaged in the undertaking business, which he has since successfully carried on. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and he belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. The senior Deacon of the Free Baptist church, he has the distinction of being the oldest living member of the society.

Mr. Colby was married November 26, 1840, to Elizabeth A. F. George, a daughter of Moses George, of East Plaverhill, Mass. Of their ten children, three have passed away, namely: Eli, who died in infancy; Frederick A., at the age of fifteen years; and Edward L., who contracted consumption while serving in the late Rebellion, and died at Oakland, Cal., in June, 1887, leaving a widow and two children. The seven living are: George M., who is in the undertaking business with his brother; William R., who lives in the West, and has two children; Charles M., who is employed by the Lawrence Board of Health; Arthur E., who is in business with his father, and has a wife and three children; Guy I., who is the manager of the meat market of Swift & Co. at Springfield, 111., and has a wife and three children; Susan Jane, who is the wife of Captain Frank F. Eastman, of the United States army, stationed at Vancouver,

Wash., and has six children; and Mary F., who is the wife of John W. Bolton, of Lawrence, and has five children. Mrs. Elizabeth Colby died in July, 1874, aged fifty-three years. On September 2, 1875, ^'f''- Colby married Lavinia C. Pray, of I^awrence. They have one child, Alice Lavinia, who was graduated from the Lawrence High School in 1897.

/^TeORGE F. BAGLEY, of Amesbury, \J^ I the president of the Powow River Bank, was born here September 9, 1829. He is a branch descendant of Captain Valentine Bagley, of whose famous well in Amesbury so much has been written. It is related that Captain Valentine, having been cast away, was suffering untold agony from thirst, when he registered a solemn vow that, if he lived to see his native town once more, he would dig a well both wide and deep to commemorate the event of his return. As a result, "Captain Valentine's Well" is one of the many historic spots in Amesbury.

David Bagley, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was an extensive shipbuilder. He died at the age of thirty- five years, leaving a large family of children. Among the latter was F'rederick Bagley, the father of George F., born in 1797, who was for many years interested in the manufacture of silver-plated carriage trimmings, and was subsequently connected with the mills in Amesbury. Owning considerable property, he was influential in the town. He was Tax Collector and Town Treasurer for a time, and a prominent member of the Baptist church, being clerk of the church for many years. He married Betsey Fowler, of Salisbury. His death occurred at the advanced age of seventyone years.

George F. Bagley was educated in the public schools. Afterward he spent six years in New York City, where he was employed by a firm dealing largely in ship supplies. Upon returning to Amesbury, he entered the Powow River Bank, with which institution he has been connected for forty-one years. Beginning his duties there as book-keeper, he was promoted to the position of cashier, and remained in this capacity for nineteen years. Since 1S77 he has been the president of the bank. He is also a trustee of the Provident Institution for Savings, and a director and vice-president of the Merrimac Hat Company. As the co-executor of the will of the poet Whittier, he holds many copyrights of Whittier's works.

By his marriage with Sarah J. ]5row, of Amesbury, Mr. Bagley has one daughter, Susan E. Bagley, residing at home, whose talent as a musician is well known. Mr. Bagley is a member of the Warren- Lodge, F. & A. M., and has passed through all the chairs; and a charter member of the Trinity Chapter, R. A. M., of which for many years he was the treasurer.

fj^OHN L. BLAISDELL, of Merrimac, a veteran of the Civil War, was born in Danville, N.H. His grandfather, John Blaisdell, was a Revolutionary pensioner of liast Kingston. John Blaisdell, Jr., son of John and father of John L. Blaisdell, was a private soldier stationed at Portsmouth, N.H., during the War of 1812. He had fourteen children, all of whom lived to maturity. One of them, Levi, served under Cushing in the Mexican War, and died at New Orleans at its close. The remaining brothers, five in number, all enlisted for service in the Civil War. The subject of this sketch was appointed re- cruiting officer by the Governor, and began the performance of his duty by enlisting himself, probably the only instance of the kind on record. Two of his brothers also enlisted in the same company, and with twenty-two other volunteers joined the Third New Hampshire Infantry. Mr. Blaisdell was afterward made a non-commissioned officer. He went to Washington with his company, and was subsequently at Hilton Head, S.C., at Morris Island, and, later, successively at Fort Wagner, at Fort Secess on the James River, and at Fort Darling. He was wounded at Drury Bluff, having served about four years, by a cannon-ball which grazed him from the right shoulder to the left, knocking him senseless and tearing his clothing from the breast, where the scars arc still visible. The serious injuries he sustained caused him soon afterward to be honorably discharged. His brothers Luther and Lorenzo joined the Forty-eighth Massachusetts Regiment, and were out fourteen months. Lorenzo was slightly wounded in the leg by a spent ball. Josiah and Samuel served with their brother John L., and neither of them was wounded during the war. Returning subsequently to civil life, Mr. Blaisdell settled in Merrimac, where he engaged in general teaming, and also followed his trade of stone mason. He served as Surveyor for some years, and in 1896 was appointed Road Superintendent. He is a member of the Grange, and is a wellknown, prosperous, and respected citizen.

"ON. J. OTIS WINKLEY, ex-Mayor of Newburyport, was born February 26, i<S47, in t'l'*' P'lft of Newbury now called Newburyport, son of Paul T. and Abigail K. (Otis) Winkley. The father, born in Barnstead, N.H., taught school when a young man. Subsequently, for fifty years, he was a prosperous farmer in Newburyport. His death occurred on April ig, 1890, at the age of eighty. He was a faithful member of the Baptist church, and aided materially in building the Green Street Baptist Church in Newburyport. His wife, Abigail K., was a daughter of the Hon. Job Otis, of Strafford, who owned and carried on a large farm, was prominent in the community, and served in many public offices. At one time Mr. Otis was strongly urged to run for Governor, but refused. He died at the age of eighty-eight. Mrs. Abigail Winkley died in 1880 at the age of sixty-two, leaving six children. Of these, five are now living, two sons and three daughters.

J. Otis Winkley, the third of his parents' children, was educated at Newburyport, completing his studies at the high school. After leaving school, he attended to a milk route for a number of years. He has always lived on the old homestead, a farm of some hundred acres, which he has kept up and improved throughout his life. He is a strong Democrat. Beginning in 1874, he was a member of the Common Council for three years. In 1877, 1883, and 1884 he was an Alderman. He was Registrar of voters in 1884, 1885, and 1886; and he became Mayor of the city in the year 1887. During his Mayoralty the No. 2 Enginehouse was built, and the present almshouse, which has been pronounced the finest building of its kind in the State. In 1892 he was first elected Assessor, in which capacity he served for six years. He has been a member of the Newburyport Veteran Artillery Association; is one of the original members of the Mayors' Club, to which he still belongs; an Odd Vc\- low of Ouascacanquen Lodge, No. 39, Merrimac Encampment, No. 7, and Canton Harmony, No. 47, Patriarchs Militant. He also belongs to the Ncwburyport Board of Trade and the Dalton Club. Mr. Winkley's record in public life has won for him the high esteem of his fellow-citizens.

I BEN WOODBURY, who was a real estate dealer of Lawrence, and resided at 232 Broadway, corner of Bradford Street, was born July 15, 1824, in Pelham, N.H., son of Ebenezer and Hannah (Young) Woodbury, both of whom were natives of the same town. Ebenezer Woodbury, born in 1798, died at the age of thirty-three, leaving his widow with nine small children. The latter comprised four sons and five daughters, all of whom married; and all had large families, except one, who had but two children. Of the nine, two daughters are living. A man of considerable mechanical ability, the father was able to turn his hand to a variety of occupations. He worked at carpentry, cabinet-making, masonry, and painting, accomplishing a good deal in his short life. His final sickness lasted fifteen months. His mother lived to be ninety-nine years old. Mrs. Hannah Woodbury, who came of a long-lived race, attained the age of ninetytwo. Her mother was a centenarian; and her only surviving sister, who was the widow Wilson, of Pelham, was nearly one hundred years old when she died in 1897.

Beginning when but eight years old, Eben Woodbury worked at the shoemaker's bench with his eldest brother, John, until his eighteenth year. He was married when not quite twenty, and owned his first home in Andover, Mass., where he built a comfortable six-room cottage at a cost of less than six hundred dollars. He settled in Andover in 1846, and there worked at his trade until past thirty-five. Leaving his family in Andover, he came to

Lawrence, and became a salesman in the grocery store of Deacon Payson at the corner of Lowell Street and Broadway, receiving seventy-five cents per day. While he was a clerk for Mr. Payson, he helped him establish a meat business and build up a good trade. In the early sixties in company with his sonin-law, Carlton Grimes, he embarked in the grocery business on his own account. In a comparatively short time they had a flourishing business in groceries, meats, provisions, and shoes, gave employment to seven men and four teams, and were making a thousand dollars per month. Mr. Woodbury retired from the business about the year 1877. Before then he had built the fine block fronting on Broadway and Bradford Street, eighty-five feet front by one hundred feet deep. At one time he owned three corners here. He purchased the one on which he resided in i860. In 1882 he pulled down a small ten-room house that stood upon it, and built the handsome three-story house, with French roof, containing thirty-four rooms, making four distinct tenements, and which was his home. The beautiful elm-trees that furnish shade were planted by him.

Mr. Woodbury was married to Mehitable Ames, of Andover, Mass., the birthplace of her parents. Her grandfather or great-grandfather came to Andover from the State of Maine; and the house that he built is still standing on the old farm, which is now owned by Moses B. Ames, a brother of Mrs. Woodbury. She is the mother of five children; namely, Mary A., Moses E., Emma Jane, Sarah Amanda, and Simeon A. Mary A. Woodbury is now the wife of Ingraham Dodge. Moses E., who is also married, resides at 72 Bradford Street. Of his five children, two are living. Emma Jane, the wife of Rufus W. Wheelock, has had three children, of whom two are living. Sarah Amanda, wife of Sidney H. Brigham, who has been in the postoffice some thirty years, has one daughter. Simeon A. Woodbury, unmarried and living at home, is managing the real estate business of the firm of E. Woodbury & Co. with his brother-in-law, Rufus W. Wheelock. Their office is at 553 Essex Street, where it has been located for ten years. Mrs. Woodbury has been in poor health for a number of years. Previously a Democrat in politics, Mr. Woodbury became a stanch Republican at the commencement of the Civil War. He was one of the oldest members of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows in Lawrence. In religious belief he was a Congregationalist. He died in October, 1897.

iURRAY BROTHERS COMPANY, wholesale grocers and receivers of produce and provisions in Lawrence and Haverhill, Mass., are among the best known business men of Essex County. George E. and Charles N. Murray are Maine men, sons of Lewis and Belle (Goodwin) Murray, of Lebanon, York County. George Murray, father of Lewis, born in Lebanon, Me., about the year 17S1, died in 1853. He was a son of Deacon Thomas Murray, of Lebanon, who died when about forty-two years old. George married Dorcas Bean, of Sanford, Me., who survived him ten years, dying at the age of seventy-seven. They rest in the family burial-ground on the old farm, where his father settled when the district was a wilderness. Besides carrying on the farm, George Murray also worked as a shoemaker.

Lewis Murray succeeded his father on the farm, settling upon it after his marriage. Before that he taught school for a time. When his children were young, most of the food and clothing was produced on the farm. The boys many years after remembered when their plain clothing was made by their mother from the raw material, her deft fingers carding, sjjinning, weaving, cutting, and sewing pants and blouses. Of the si.x children, five attained maturity - George E., Charles N., Frank L. , Cora Belle, and Mary I. Mary became the wife of Charles V. Richardson, of Sanford, Me. The father, a stanch Republican, has filled many of the town offices. Fraternally, he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is senior Deacon of the First Baptist Church, with which he has long been connected.

George E. Murray, born November 24, 1854, graduated at Colby University, Waterville, Me., in 1S79, having taught during vacations to pay his college expenses. On August I of that year he came to Lawrence, and began a retail business in the basement of the Franklin House with his brother, Charles N., as partner, forming the firm of Murray Brothers. After remaining there for three years, they removed to the Ordway Block, and opened the Pacific Cash Store, where they built up a large business, employing eight clerks and five teams. In 1887 they bought the grain and produce business of Milton, Bonney & Co., and for two years ran both stores. Selling the Pacific Cash Store to Walker & Jewell, they then embarked in the wholesale grocery business in the old Bonney Block, and have since done a thriving business. In 1S92 the present corporation was formed with a capital stock of thirty thousand dollars and the following officers: George E. Murray, president; Charles N. Murray, treasurer; W. D. Currier, clerk; and George E. Murray, Charles N. Murray, W. D. Currier, antl lulward Devlin, directors. Up to April I, 1897, their stand was 544 and 546 Essex

Street, Lawrence. Then, the business having outgrown those quarters, they leased and moved to the building at 617 Common Street, near the Boston & Maine passenger station, which is ninety by thirty-five feet, and four stories in height. They occupy the entire building, including the basement, in which they have a spacious cold storage for butter, eggs, etc. Being on the Boston & Maine Railroad spur, and having an hydraulic elevator, their facilities for receiving and shipping goods are exceptionally good, while the light and airy offices are fitted up with the latest and best conveniences. A branch house has been in Haverhill since 1893.

In 1885, on Thanksgiving Day, George E. Murray married Cora B. Tuttle, of Athens, Me. She is a daughter of James H. and Amanda (Grant) Tuttle. Up to si.x months ago her four grandparents as well as both of her parents were living. Her grandfather Grant, now well into the nineties, is still bright and active. Mr. Murray built his fine home in Andover in 1893, and has lived there since. While he votes for Republican candidates, his time is so fully occupied that he finds little leisure for politics. A member of the First Baptist Church, he is a Deacon and a teacher of the adult Bible class. He and his brothers are bright, genial gentlemen socially, and their success in business attests the high esteem in which they are held.

loi to 113 Common Street, Lawrence, are one of the most reputable houses in the city. There are two brothers in the firm, Herman and Otto Kress, both natives of Reuss, Germany, the former born in 1846, and the later in 1856. Henry Kress, the father, spent his life in Germany. A handloom weaver by trade, he lived in humble circumstances. Honest and industrious, he was respected throughout the community. He was a local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal faith, laboring for love and receiving no monetary remuneration. When he died at the age of sixty years, he had planned to visit this country. His wife died at the age of fifty-five years. They had six children - five sons and a daughter; namely, Edward, Herman, Otto, Louis, Eberhardt, and Emma. Edward, now the pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church in Defiance, Ohio, came to this country in 1869. Herman and Louis came in the following year. Louis died in August of the same year, being then nineteen years of age. Otto came in 1871. liberhardt married, and remained in the Fatherland on the old homestead where his parents were laid to rest.

Herman and Otto Kress came direct to Lawrence. Not having any capital to engage in business for themselves, they learned the wagon-maker's trade. Herman hired out to Frederick Marquard on Haverhill Street, and within two years became a partner. In 1874 he bought his partner's interest, and moved the factory to 100 Concord Street, where he did business for three years. Mr. Marquard repurchased the business in 1877, and Herman was employed by J. M. Graham on the woodwork of carriages. After spending seven years at this, he again started in business for himself. In 1886 his brother. Otto F. Kress, who had been in business in Salem, N.H., became his partner. Their combined energies enabled them, within a year, to buy out Mr. Graham, who had previously done all the iron work. Since then, round by round, they have mounted the ladder of success until to-day they stand the sole proprietors of the large plant and flourishing business of the leading carriage manufactory in the city. Having started in 1877 in an old dwelling-house of a twenty-two foot frontage, and employing but two men, they now occupy a lot one hundred and two feet front by ninety-three feet deep; a three-story frame building sixty by fortyseven feet, besides a dwelling, lumber sheds, and barn ; and they employ a force of nineteen men. Their present shop is fitted with modern machinery and every improvement that ingenuity can devise for carrying on their work advantageously. They make a great variety of heavy and light wagons and sleighs, and in every department the quality of the work is kept to a high standard. They also do general repairing and blacksmith work. In their most adverse days, by untiring energy and perseverance, they kept the business on a solid basis, always meeting their obligations by paying one hundred cents on the dollar. Now, besides doing a large local business, they ship goods to all parts of New England and to New York. They have built from the foundation, as their parents were too poor to give them more than a good home training. Herman Kress was married in 1S70 to Emily Miller, of Ealkenheim, Germany, who came to the country in the same ship with him. Of their seven children, two died in infancy. Those living are: Ered, lulward V., Benjamin Eranklin, Minnie, and Samuel. Samuel is a boy of twelve. I'"red, a mechanic, is employed in the shop. The two youngest children are in school. The family reside at 55 Woodland Street, which was built by Mr. Kress after his marriage. Otto Kress was married on December i, 1876, to Lizzie J. Euller, of Thomaston, Me., a daughter of Asa and Mary (Snow) Euller. Both their children are living, namely: lulward I*"., a young man of twenty, who is a blacksmith in the shop; and I'>a Belle, aged fourteen, attending the public schools. They live at 21 Valley Street, which has been their home since 1877. In piilitics the Kress Brothers are Republicans, but with strong prohibition tendencies. Herman Kress is an active worker in the German Methodist Episcopal church, while Otto is connected with the Garden Street Methodist Episcopal Church. Both are class leaders.

fsffOHN BRODHEAD PIKE, a prominent citizen of Salisbury, was born in this town on New Year's Day, 1836, son of Caleb and Mary (Pike) Pike, He is a descendant in the seventh generation of Major Robert Pike, so justly famed in early Colonial days for sound judgment and clearheaded common sense, coupled with great ability and unbounded courage.

Major Pike was born in Langford, England, in 16 16. He came to Salisbury in 1638; and from that time, for fifty years on, his name is connected with almost every event of importance in the history of the town. He was Representative to General Court, Lieutenant, Captain, Colonel, Major-general, a man of physical strength as well as mental and moral powers. It is related that on the voyage coming to America, he asked for larger rations, and upon the captain's asking, "What can you do more than others to deserve it?" he seized an iron bar, and ijcnt it neaiiy double across his knee. The astounded captain exclaimed, "Bend it back again, and I will double your rationsl" This the young man (lid with apparent ease. Major Pike in many ways was far ahead of his times. He scorned the petty bigotries and narrowness of his age, and liatl a mind broad, charitable, and humane. As early as 1643 he was one of seven townsmen in full charge of the town affairs. In 1654 he demanded of the General Court of

Massachusetts the release of Thomas Macy, immortalized by Whittier, and of Joseph Pearley, who had been sentenced to fine and imprisonment for preaching the word of God without having been ordained. In those days the decrees of the General Court were held as infallible, almost sacred; and the Major's boldness created consternation on all sides. He declared that the men who voted for the measure violated their oaths as freemen, that their act was an outrage against liberty, both civil and ecclesiastical, and that he, moreover, stood ready to make his statement good. By way of punishment he was fined and disqualified for hokling office, but so necessary were his advice and judgment to the welfare of the colony that the disqualification was soon removed.

Many other interesting incidents in his life are told: one, of his being arrested and fined for profaning the Lord's Day by starting before sundown on Sunday to cross the Merrimack in order to get an early start for Boston, before the ice should break up; another incident tells of his disjjute with the great preacher, Wheelwright. The redoubtable Major, as magistrate, refused to acknowledge the supremacy of the church, and for his heresy was excommunicated, although it was not long before he was reinstated. He entered into the matter of the witchcraft persecutions with all the zeal of his nature, and denounced the cruel sacrifice of human life when no other man in the colony dared raise a murmur of protest. It is a matter of history that his action had great weight in checking -the craze. His manly action in defence of Quakers, who were ordered to be whipped from Dover to Boston, ten lashes in each town, is well known through Whittier's poem concerning the Salisbury constable. His humane treatment of the Indians during King

Philip's War also does honor to the Major, whose soul was as generous as it was bold. He was on the Governor's Council for a quarter of a century; and, wherever the battle was to be fought for humanity, justice, and freedom, there every time would the valiant Major be found, throwing the full weight of his influence as champion.

History has left meagre records of the descendants of Major Pike until recent times. The successive ancestors in this line have been as follows: Moses, born 1654; lilias, born 1692; Moses, second, born 1717; Moses, third, born 1750, who died 1845; and Caleb, father of Mr. John B. Pike. Moses Pike, third, was a man of unusual physical strength; and many are the deeds of prowess related of him. He enlisted early in the Provincial army in the Revolution, and came home on a furlough prior to June 17, I77S- His brother Elias, who took his place as substitute, was in the battle of Bunker Hill, and was severely wounded by a bullet in the leg.

Caleb Pike, son of Moses, third, built the house now occupied by his son John B., in 1814. His .children were: James, Caleb, Moses, Mary E. , and John B. James married Mary, daughter of the Rev. John Brodhead, an eminent divine, and has two children: James Thornton, of Newfield, N. H.; and Anna Gertrude, now Mrs. Charles B. Kendall, of Boston. James was a graduate of Middletown, and an eloquent and active preacher of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was Presiding Elder of the Third District of New Hampshire for a great many years. He was always interested in politics, and was candidate for governor, receiving nearly the required number of votes for election. From 1855 to 1859 he was in Congress. During the war he was Colonel of the Sixteenth New Hampshire Regiment, in the division of General Banks, of whom he was a personal friend. Moses Pike was killed in 1896 by receiving a kick from a horse, and his widow is living in Mr. John Pike's family. Mary E. Pike is now Mrs. Pettingell.

John B. Pike's birthplace was the homestead which was granted in 1638 to Major Pike, and has been in the family ever since. He was educated in the Putnam Free High School at Newburyport, and has been engaged in farming and blacksmithing, as were his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather. He has passed all his life in his native town, with the exception of the time he was in the Civil War. He enlisted in August, 1862, was with General Banks at Port Hudson, and was at Donaldsonville, went to liaton Rouge, and up the river in a steamer to Cairo, and came home by rail. After returning from the war, Mr. Pike engaged in blacksmith work. On his farm Mr. Pike cuts a large amount of salt hay. He pays considerable attention to fruit culture and poultry raising. Two years ago his fruit crop was eight hundred and sixty barrels, and last year three hundred. In April he averages daily thirty-three dozen

Mr. Pike was married on June ig, 1867, to Ella F. Hughes. Their children are: Emma P"., born July 25, 1S68, now living at home, who has been a teacher of music at Science Hill School, near Louisville, Ky., for five years; Maurice C, born July 5, 1870, also at home; Fannie A., born September 11, 1872, who is niarried to F. A. Hardy, of Derry, N.H., superintendent in the shoe factory in that town; Bessie H., born October 2, 1874, a teacher in Natick; Lizzie, born January 6, 1877; Mary E. , born June 13, 1880; Katy A., born July 19, 1881 ; and Jessie Blaine, born December 28, 1885, who died October 18, 1889.

BEN PARSONS, the founder of Fatherland Farm, was the second son of the Rev. Moses Parsons, who was ordained pastor of the Congregational church in By field, Newbury, June 20, 1745, and who during that summer removed his family from Gloucester to the old parsonage in this parish now owned in the family of the late Hon. Isaac Wheelwright, in which mansion liben was born I'ebruary 27, 1746. As a boy, he attended the town school until the opening of Dummer Academy in 1763, when he became a pupil of that institution in charge of the famous Master Moody.

It is said of him that after leaving Dummer School he preferred business to the college education which was offered him by his father, and that accordingly he took his clothing in a bundle, and, with his shoes under his arm, started off on foot for Gloucester, declaring that, when he had earned money enough to do so, he should come back and buy the Dummer farm at Newbury P'alls. In Gloucester, Eben Parsons engaged in fishing off the coast of Cape Ann, but soon extended the business, acquiring several vessels of his own, by which he obtained the means to engage largely in commercial pursuits, later on sending his ships to all foreign ports then open to trade. He finally became one of the largest importers in the country, and had the reputation of being, in old-time i)arlauce, "a iirincely merchant. "

In May of 1767 Mr. Parsons was married to Mary, daughter of Colonel John Gorham, of Barnstable; and a few years later he removed to Boston, where he had purchased a large and valuable estate as a home for himself and family. The house was situated on Summer Street, its garden and grounds occupying all the space between what are now Otis and Winthrop Places; while his cow pastured over the way on what was afterward called Church Green on account of its being occupied by the edifice of the Unitarian society which bore that name - "Church Green Society." The narrow passage-way just below Devonshire on Summer Street was the path to .Mr. Parsons' s barn, and is the only landmark now remaining of his home there.

In the year 1801 the subject of our sketch, being then fifty-five years of age, carried out his declared intention of returning to his native town and buying the Dummer place. Deeds recorded in Salem court-house attest to the fact that the first piece of land purchased by him in connection with this farm was bought from Richard Dummer and wife under date of Se]3tember 10 of that year. The ne.xt parcels of land were bought from Shubael Dummer and wife and Simeon Danforth and wife under dates of June 3 and 4, 1803. Other deeds of land purchased by him are recorded in the same place. The present mansion was built by Mr. Parsons in 1802, as evidenced by the discovery, during late repairs, of coins of that date beneath hearthstones of the main house and cottage adjoining, which latter was built for a seed-house, having originally many small rooms divided into compartments for the storage of farm ]iroducts in that line.

The house and other buildings being completed, the owner set about improving the premises by the building of solid walls of hewn stone, which was brought in vessels from Cape Ann quarries to Newburyport, and thence transported by gundelows over Parker River to the farm. These walls were built seven feet in height and three feet wide, with a foundation of proportionate strength beneath the surface. Gate-posts of hammered granite were set deep into the earth at all openings in the massive walls, these, and the many-barred wooden gates which swung between, being furnished with wrought iron hinges, latches, and staples of gigantic size, secured by mammoth padlocks, the keys to which were each attached to a large slip of brass or wood on which was inscribed the name of the particular gate to which it belonged. These keys were kept in a portable mahogany closet made for the purpose, which is now in possession of the writer, as also some of the ancient, ponderous keys, though the gates to which they were the open sesame - like the strong hands that operated them - have long since crumbled to decay. Well-curbs and troughs were constructed from the same stanch material as the walls and gate-posts, these being fastened into shape by huge bolts of copper soldered into openings drilled in the stone for this purpose.

Meanwhile improvements on the land were going on; and during the years of 1S08 and 1809 a marshy tract on the northern side of the farm was reclaimed or manufactured into a fertile field by means of a very stout wall, impervious to water, being constructed along the margin of the Falls River at this point, and the entire space of bog filled in with stones and gravel, topped with loam, all of which ingredients were respectively drawn from neighboring premises by o.x-team, and spread into level space by hand labor. The name of this new-made portion of the farm was Sewall's Point, as given in old letters of Mr. Parsons to his foreman, Jeremiah Allen, under whose supervision the work was carried on. The owner was then residing in his Boston home, which was not given up until after the death of his wife, September 10, 1810. But frequent visits were made by himself and family to this country place, which, out of regard for his father's memory and love for his native town, he had named P'atherland Farm.

The journeys to Byfield were sometimes made by stage over the old turnpike, but more frequently in his own family coach, with driver and footman in the old-time livery. These arrivals created not a little sensation among the inhabitants of this rural district, as aged citizens of Newbury have enjoyed recalling and describing to the writer ; and marvellous tales they tell of boxes and bags of silver coin brought over the road by oxen, with which to recompense the army of artisans of various kinds employed upon the premises.

However this may have been, we have reason to believe that vast sums of money were expended by the owners to bring this goodly heritage into the high state of cultivation and beauty in which it was left for the occupancy of the next tenant and heir. The record for 1 8 14 shows that the farm taxes of Eben Parsons were seven hundred and forty-four dollars and twenty cents, his real estate being valued at sixteen thousand four hundred dollars, and his personal property at eighty thousand dollars. At this period Mr. Parsons was a resident of Byfield, having removed hither soon after the decease of his wife. He was deeply interested in agriculture, and was a large contributor in many ways to the advancement of that science, using his commercial facilities in aid of this by the importation of fine breeds of cattle, sheep, and swine for the improvement of American stock, and by bringing from other countries various kinds of seeds, grain, and grasses, as well as scions from foreign fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs.

He was fond of experiment in matters relating to farming; and, while his efforts in this way might not all have been satisfactory to himself, they were in many instances highly successful, results being such as to encourage repetition.

of the time in which he lived, and his ojiinions upon subjects connected with the pursuits in which he was engaged were often sought by men of the highest standing in commercial and agricultural affairs. Though not so renowned as his younger brother, the eminent jurist and chief justice of the commonwealth, yet he was possessed of great ability, and was probably as useful to the community in other ways as Theophilus was on the bench.

Eben Parsons died in his country home November 2, iSig, at the age of seventy-four years. His remains, with those of other members of the family, rest in a tomb in the old Byfield cemetery, which was erected a year later by his son Gorham, agreeably to his father's intention.

Of thirteen children born to Mr. and Mrs. Eben Parsons, this son was the only one who survived the years of childhood. Gorham Parsons was born in Gloucester, July 27, 1768. His early years were spent in that town and in Boston, excepting the time he was a pupil at Dummer Academy. In April of 1790 he was married to Sarah, daughter of Captain Thomas Parsons, of Newburyport. After residing a few years in Boston, he purchased a large and valuable estate in Brighton, and made his home there, embellishing the place with lavish hand. Having inherited his father's fondness for agriculture, he spared no pains in the cultivation of his farm and in the production of choice fruits. He also continued the importation of fine cattle, sheep, and swine. After the death of his father he kept up the Byfield farm in addition to the Brighton estate, but continued to reside at the latter place until after the death of Mrs. Parsons, who preferred the home there to Fatherland Farm. She passed away on December 8, 1837, soon after which event that property was sold and Mr. Gorham Parsons came to ]5yfield to reside. Being afflicted with the gout in the last years of his life, he was unable to carry out many of his plans for imijrovement on the farm ; but his interest in all matters pertaining to agriculture flagged not until the end. That he was a valued member of the Massachusetts Agricultural Society, many letters and documents from its officials attest; while numerous and valuable prizes awarded for fine specimens of live-stock and various agricultural products affirm the success of his efforts in that direction.

Neither father nor son aspired to the holding of State or town office, though a document exists bearing the seal of the Commonwealth and signed by His Excellency, John Brooks, under date of February 23, 1818, appointing Ebenezer Parsons to be a Justice of the Peace in the county of Essex.

Gorham Parsons died in the Byfield home in the month of September, 1844, at the age of seventy-six years. As the union of himself and wife was not blessed with living offspring, Fatherland Farm was given by will of the owner, in 1S42, to a grand-nephew of his wife, who was also his own namesake, Gorham Parsons Sargent, then a minor, and the son of the Hon. Winthrop Sargent, of Philadelphia, Pa., who had a few years previously removed his family from that city to the farm in order to care for Mr. Parsons in his declining days.

The i^lace was appreciatively occupied by the Sargents until the spring of 1862, when it passed into the hands of Benjamin F. Brown, of Waltham, who in July following sold it by public auction to his nephew, Benjamin B. Poole, of Newbury, under whose fifteen years of occupancy the premises suffered deterioration to a lamentable degree.

in the autumn of 1S77, sought earnestly to retrieve the old estate; but, his ability not being equal to the desire in this direction, he decided to part with the property, and thus, in October of 1881, Fatherland Farm came into the possession of one of the same blood, if not of the same name as its original founder - one to whom the old place is doubly dear for the association of visits made to it in earlier years, when, to her childish fancy, it seemed a very paradise on earth, and from the fact that in later years it was a love-gift to her from the one nearest and dearest to her in life.

fs^OHN n. PKNNIMAN, a retired pork merchant, living at 488 Broadway, Lawrence, is a native of Warwick, Franklin County, Mass. He was born December 21, 1827, son of Dean and Hannah (Hastings) Penniman. Bunyan Penniman, the father of Dean, is thought to have been born in Mendon, Mass. He was one of the early settlers of the town of Warwick, where he carried on farming. His marriage with a Miss Dean was blessed by the birth of eight children, two sons and six daughters, that attained maturity. The sons were Dean and Jesse. Jesse went West in 1839, first settling in Lasalle County, Illinois. Six years later he went to St. Paul, Minn., where he ran a hotel on the Bluff. The ccrly years of his life were spent as a farmer. He died about 1885, leaving three sons and a daughter. Bunyan Penniman died at the age of about eighty-three years. His widow lived to be eighty.

Dean Penniman, born in Mendon, Mass., October 24, 1800, died in Lowell, May 11, 1864. He moved to Lowell in 1842, where he engaged in the wood business. He also kept teams and did teaming. In 1821 or 1822 he married Hannah Hastings, who, born on

November 22, 1S04, died in 1893, in her eighty-ninth year. Their children were: Isaac H., Clarissa P., John 11, George Fayette, Franklin H., Hannah A., Sarah, and Mary Abbie. Isaac H. Penniman, born June 2, 1823, served in the Civil War, and died in 1894 at the Soldiers' Home in Chelsea, Mass. He had a wife, but no children. Clarissa P. died in 1S29, when about four years old. George I'ayette, born September 29, 1830, is a retired builder, living in Lowell. Franklin II., born December 11, 1S33, died in 1893. Hannah A., born November 15, 1S36, who is unmarried, resides in Athol. Sarah, also unmarried, resides in Lowell; and Mary Abbie Penniman resides in Athol. The last three were formerly school-teachers.

When John B. Penniman was fourteen years old, his parents removed from their farm to the city of Lowell. He received but a limited schooling. At the age of twenty-si.x he came to Lawrence, and became a clerk in the grocery store of J. Shattuck, Jr. He afterward worked for the firm of Shattuck Brothers about five years. In 1858 he embarked in the meat business. Two years later he opened a market on Lawrence Street, between Essex and Common Streets, where he had carried on business for about thirteen years, when he sold out in 1873. In the spring of 1877 he started in the jobbing and wholesale pork business. This he conducted at 56 Amesbury Street up to January I, 1894, when he sold out.

On December 13, 1865, Mr. Penniman was united in marriage with Sarah C. Sawyer, of this city, who was born in Bradford, N. H. Left an orphan at an early age, she was cared for by her aunt. Her younger and only sister, who was adopted by M. W. Baxter, and went with him to Pike County, Illinois, is now the wife of W. II. Connor, and has one daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Penniman have three daughters

- Sarah Ella, Etta F., and Annie l?lanche. Sarah Ella, a graduate of Wellesley, classes of 1893 and 1895, and honored with the. degree of Master of Arts, made a special study of organ and harmony. She is now a teacher of history in the Lawrence High School. Etta F., also a graduate of Wellesley, class of 1893, is a violinist in the Fadette Orchestra, Washington, and was formerly a successful teacher in Lawrence and vicinity. Annie Blanche is a member of the class of 1898, Wellesley College. All possess rare qualities of mind and character, and are modest and retiring. Mr. Penniman is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and of Bethany Encampment, I. O. O. F., since 1865. In politics he is a Republican voter. He has lived in his present home since June 17, 1870.

DWIN P. STANLEY, the popular Treasurer and Collector of Manchester, was born here May 26, 1844, son of Paul Stanley, a native of this county, and Stattira (Pert) Stanley, a native of Manchester. Paul Stanley was a brother of Jeffrey T. Stanley, who is at present a Selectman of Manchester, and whose biography, containing further mention of the Stanley family, will be found on another page. Paul was by trade a cabinet-maker, and was engaged for a number of years in the manufacture and sale of furniture in Manchester. In politics he was a Republican. He died a few years ago. Mrs. Stattira Stanley died in the eighties. Besides Edwin P., the surviving children are; Otis M., who resides in East Bridgewater, Mass. ; Andrew, a resident of Beverly; and Charles L. , a resident of Lynn.

which he left at the age of fourteen. On December 10, 1861, he enlisted in Company H of the Nineteenth Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, which shortly after joined the army of the Potomac under General McClellan. He took part in the siege of Yorktown, and was in active service all through the Peninsula campaign. At Glendale, Va., he received four bullet wounds, was made a prisoner and taken to Richmond, and was confined for thirty days in Libby Prison, being e.xchanged at the end of that time. On April 17, 1863, he was honorably discharged, after which he returned to Manchester.

In 1 87 1 Mr. Stanley engaged in painting, taking contracts for work and employing a force of men. Having carried on this business for about twelve years, he disposed of it, as his health had become poor. In 1888 he was elected Collector of Manchester, and he has now entered on his tenth year in that office. He has also served for several years as Town Treasurer. At one time he was the Sealer of Weights and Measures. As might be e.xpected, Mr. Stanley is an active man in the local grand army organization, Allen Post, No. 6"]. For three years he was Post Commander, and he is now the Senior Vice Commander. He is a member of the Masonic Lodge at Beverly, Mass., and of Amity Royal Arch Chapter of Beverly; also of Magnolia Lodge, No. 149, Independent Order of Odd Fellows of Manchester.

Mr. Stanley married Rachel J., daughter of Abner Hobbs, of West Gloucester, Mass. ; and one daughter, Mamie A., has blessed the union. In politics he is a Republican. He has been a member of the Republican Town Committee, of the Esse.x County Republican Committee, and of the Congressional Committee for this district. He was largely instrumental in securing the first nomination of

ILTON ELLSWORTH, a wellknown heel manufacturer of Rowley, was born in Ipswich, Mass., July 7, 1843, son of Simeon Ellsworth and his wife, Hannah (Jewett) Ellsworth. He is a descendant of Jeremiah and Mary Ellsworth, the latter of whom was buried May 24, 1688. The succeeding generations were represented by Jeremiah,- who died May 6, 1704; William,' who died February 21, 1812; William,-' who died May 22, 1856; and Simeon, 5 who was born in 1801. Simeon's wife Hannah belonged to one of the wealthiest families in the town, and was a descendant of Jeremiah Jewett. He was boarding on Bradford Street when he died in 1897, at the advanced age of ninety-two. His brother Benjamin has been the beach lighthouse-keeper at Ipswich since Lincoln's time. Another brother, John, now ninety years old, a well-preserved man, to whom sickness is unknown, makes a conspicuous figure on the street. He is popular with all classes, especially with the young, and has been a stanch Republican since the organization of that party.

A limited education was obtained by Milton Ellsworth in the common schools. After passing the age of twelve years, he pegged shoes for his father out of school hours. At si.xteen he began learning to make shoes. He enlisted in Company C of the Nineteenth Massachusetts Regiment for service in the Civil War. His war record, given by George B. Blodgett in his History of Rowley, is as follows : - re-enlisted December 22, 1863; discharged June 28, 1865, by order of War Department - the service of this man deserves special mention." Although he was constantly on duty with his regiment, he was never wounded, and never in hospital. He was Corporal of the color-guard on that terrible day at Fredericksburg, and the only one who came out unhurt. Besides taking part in frequent reconnoissances and skirmishes so costly in human life, he was in the liattlcs of Hall's Hluff, Yorktown, West Point, Fair Oaks, Teach Orchard, Savage Station, Glendale, White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Bristol Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Potopotomy, Cold Harbor, and Petersbing. At Petersburg, the hour being 3 P.M. of June 22, 1864, he was captured with his whole regiment by the enemy. From this time on he experienced the horrors of Andersonville and Libby Prisons, until with about four thousand other prisoners he reached the Union lines at Jacksonville, Fla., on the evening of April 28, 1865. Broken in health he was ordered home to await his discharge. - He was enrolled with Company C as Orderly Sergeant. In an interesting scrap-book he has preserved sundry relics of his war experiences. He was active in more than thirty battles, and passed two months and si.\ days in prison. After receiving his discharge, he resided for a time in Haverhill, where he worked in a heel manufactory. Afterward he went into business for himself in Rowley, starting with a little shoii. In time he was able to build a house and factory in Rowley, and is now accounted one of the most prosperous men in the town.

chosen Selectman, which office he still holds. He was Commander of the G. A. R., General James Appleton Post, No. 128, Ipswich; belongs to the e.x-Prisoners' War Association; and is president of the Nineteenth Massachusetts Regiment Association. Two years ago he built his present home, one of the prettiest in the village. Here he resides with his wife and daughter. He makes no literary pretensions; but at camp-fires and conventions he is always called upon for a speech, and he lias written several war lectures of thrilling interest.

August 25, 1866, Mr. Ellswoith married Abbie Frances, who was born June 16, 1847, daughter of Ezekiel and Caroline (Blackington) Bailey. He has one child, Winnifred C. , born September 25, 1867, who married Justin I^"letcher, of Georgetown, Mass., November 17, 1896, and resides in Georgetown.

p, lAJOR EDWARD F. BARTLETT, a well-known citizen and military man of Newburyport, Clerk of the Police Court for the district of Newburyport from 1870 to the present time, was born here May 30, 1835. A son of Joseph and Joanna Bartlett, he is a descendant of the Bartlett family that landed at Parker River and settled Bartlett Springs. The father ran the first packet from Newburyport to Boston, and was the owner and builder of various sailing craft. He, in conjunction with Wood & Sons, built the "Decatur" and the side-wheel steamer "Ohio," with a capacity of three or four hundred tons. The packet referred to was started by him in 1825, and was afterward continued for thirty-five years. Greatly interested in all military training, he was a member of the old Newburyport Artillery Association, the only organization, besides the An- cients and Honorables, that is allowed to parade under arms. He was also a member of the St. Mark's Lodge, A. F. & A. M. Of his fourteen children, four are now living.

When twelve years old, Edward F. Bartlett, the fifth child of his parents, entered the Putnam Free School, being then the youngest and smallest of the forty pupils comprising the first class formed in that institution. Upon leaving school, he became a druggist's clerk. Later on, together with his brother, A. W. Bartlett, he worked in a dry-goods store. In 1862 he enlisted in the Eighth Regiment, Company A. For a time, too, he was in the Si.xtieth Regiment, Company H. I'inally, he was transferred back to the Eighth, in which he served altogether for twenty years, two years of which were in the service of the United States in the War of the Rebellion. Starting as Sergeant, he was mustered out as Major. Maj<ir Bartlett's life in the service was marked by many interesting events, and he has good reason to wear proudly the title he won by gallant conduct. After the war he took up the study of law with M. G. Johnson. In December, 1870, he was elected Clerk of the Court of Newburyport, which position he has filled up to the present time with signal ability and to the entire satisfaction of the public.

Major Bartlett has been a member of St. Mark's Lodge, A. F. & A. M., since 1862. Since 1870 he has been Justice of the Peace, and Bail Commissioner since 1873. He is a charter member, and was the first chaplain of the Grand Army post named in honor of his brother, Albert W. Bartlett, who was Captain of Company B, Thirty-fifth Massachusetts Regiment, and was killed at Antietam. The Major is the present Adjutant of the Newburyport Veteran Artillery Association. He became Commander when there were only one hundred and forty men ; and, despite the fact that every year the niustering-out call for many veterans is heard, he succeeded during the two years of his management, by his personal enthusiasm and energy, in bringing up the number to two hundred and seventy members. Major Bartlett was married in 1856 to Miss Angeline C. Burns, who is still living. They have two sons and one daughter. The eldest son, Edward H. Bartlett, is the manufacturer of a patent heel for ladies' boots, carrying on business at Newburyport.

KRANCIS D. HENDERSON, a retired manufacturer and one of the influential men of Rowley, is a native of Hamilton, Mass. Born in 1847, he is a son of Daniel S. Henderson and his wife, Jerusha (Dane) Henderson. The father was twice married. His first wife, Jerusha, a member of the widely known Dane family, bore him two sons - Francis D. and F. W. Henderson. By the second marriage there were also two children, namely: George, now residing in New Hampshire; and Lillian, who married F. E. Richardson, of Rowley.

PVancis D. Henderson was educated in the common schools of Hamilton and at Dunimer Academy. After leaving the last-named institution, he went to Boston and entered the employ of his uncle, Francis Dane, as clerk in the wholesale boot and shoe business on Milk Street. Having spent five years in that occupation, he came in 1867 to Rowley, where his father hatl been engaged in the manufacture of shoes for a number of years. After applying himself for a'year to learn the business, he was received into partnership by his father, forming the firm of D. S. Henderson & Co. At this time the business was carried on in the old tan-house, now used as the skat- ing-rink. In 1868 a large, new factory was built, and there the business was successively carried on for twenty-five years. At the end of the first five years Daniel S. Henderson retired from active participation on account of failing health, and purchased a farm a short distance from the village, where he lived during; the remainder of his life. After the retirement of his father, Francis D. Henderson continued the business in company with his brother. Their product was chiefly heavy goods for use in mines and camps, and their sales were made principally to jobbers in the South and West. Always acting on the safe and conservative rule not to undertake more work than they could personally supervise, Henderson Brothers were very successful. While employing a foreman in each department, Francis D. Henderson attended to the duties of general superintendent, such as hiring workmen and buying stock, while his brother looked after sales and collections. The result was that both brothers were able to retire from the business with comfortable fortunes in 1894, when the factory was closed, and the buildings were rented for other purposes. Francis D. Henderson is a director of the First National Bank of Ipswich. In 1S93 he built his handsome residence on Central Street, which is admirably situated on high ground.

In politics Mr. Henderson has always been a loyal Republican. While taking an active interest in town affairs and attending many State conventions in recent years, he has declined nomination for office. He is a member of the Republican Club of Boston and of the Essex County Club. Fraternally, he belongs to John T. Hurd Lodge, A. F. & A. M., of Ipswich, Amity Chapter of Beverly, and Winslow Lewis Council of Salem. In 1870 lie married Miss L. Annie Porter, of Salem, and now has one daughter. Miss Dorice, aged eight years. Since his retirement from business he has spent much time in travelling. In the winter of 1895-96 he went with his family on a trip to California, passing through Old Mexico, the Yosemite Valley, and other places of interest, spending considerable time in Pasadena, covering entirely a journey of nine thousand miles.

DMUND S. COLBY, who conducts a real estate and insurance agency in North Andover, was born in Waterford, Me., February 20, 1854, son of the Rev. E. K. and Georgiana J. (Saunders) Colby. The Colby family, which is of English origin, descends from Anthony Colby, who was born in Amesbury, Mass., about the year 1690. Edniuud S. Colby's grandfather, Thomas Colby, resided in Epping, N.H.

E. K. Colby, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Epping, N.H., in 18 1 2. After completing his education, he entered the ministry, and was located in Waterford, Me., until 1856, when he was transferred to Cape Cod. Some years later he removed to Auburn, Me., and thence to Gorham, Me., where he still resides, being now eightyfive years old. He married Georgiana J. Saunders, of Woodfords, Me., daughter of Joshua Saunders. Her grandfather kept the old Saunders Tavern, a celebrated hostelry of Woodfords (now Deering), in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Mrs. E. K. Colby became the mother of two children, namely: Edmund S., the subject of this sketch; and Jennie M., who taught in the Gorham Normal School for ten years.

the public schools, he took a two years' course at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary, Kent's Hill. Then, desirous of learning the machinist's trade, he came to North Andover, Mass. Entering the machine shops of Davis & Furber, he served an apprenticeship, and learned his trade, which he afterward followed as a journeyman for twenty years. In 1893 he abandoned that occupation to enter the real estate and insurance business, which he has since followed.

Mr. Colby is chief engineer of the North Andover Fire Department, and was Tax Collector for si.\ years. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of Cochichawick Lodge, F. & A. M. By his marriage with Annie, daughter of Ivory Littlefield of Kennebunk, Me., he became the father of three children, none of whom are living.

iHARLES DONNELL RROWN, Postmaster of Gloucester and a former Representative to the legislature, was born in the neighboring city of Newburyport, June 5, 1862, his parents being George D. and Elizabeth (Goodwin) Brown. His great-grandfather and grandfather were both named Daniel. The former married Elizabeth Stickney a daughter of Stephen Stickney, who in 1777 enlisted in a Massachusetts regiment of the Continental army for three years. He fought for independence under General Stark, and was at the surrender of Burgt)ync. After his period of enlistment had ended, he served on board the privateer "Disdain " from July, 1 78 1, to the close of the war. The grandfather, born in 1804, was a cooper by trade, and had a shop in Newburyport. George D. Brown, the father, was engaged in the manufacture of pumps and blocks for ships at Newburyport.

Charles D. Brown received his education in the public schools of his native town, graduating at the high school. For three years after leaving school he worked as clerk in the book store of Charles H. Johnson. At the end of that time he went to Boston and entered the employ of Knight, Adams & Co., wholesale stationers in that city. There he remained for eight years, becoming thoroughly conversant with all departments of the stationer's business. He then determined to engage in business for himself. Forthwith, forming a partnership with a Mr. Douglass, he opened a book store in Gloucester. Mr. Douglass retired after a short time, since which Mr. Brown has carried on the business alone with entire success.

During the past few years Mr. Brown has become a leading factor in Gloucester politics, and his friends are already predicting for him even larger public and civic honors than those he has yet attained. In 1893 and 1894 he was in the Common Council, being the president of that body in tiie latter year. In 1894 he was chosen Overseer of the Poor. In 1895, i8g6, and 1897 he occupied a seat in the lower branch of the Massachusetts legislature, where he rendered valuable service to his constituents. For the first two years he represented the whole of Gloucester, except Ward Two, together with the towns of Essex and Manchester. After the redistricting, which took effect before he entered upon his third term, he represented Wards One, Three, Four, Five, and Six of the city. In the first year Mr. Brown was a member of the Committee on Printing, in his second year he was clerk of the Mercantile Committee, and in his third year he was chairman of the Committee on Taxation and a member of the Water Supply Committee. Pie was instrumental in securing the passage of the bill which compelled the private owners of the water supply to sell their privilege to the city. In 1897 and 1898 he was chairman of the Republican City Committee of Gloucester, and in 1897 he was a member of the Republican State Committee. At the present time he is a member of the Republican Club of Massachusetts. In 1896 he was a delegate to the convention that nominated President McKinley.

Mr. Brown is likewise keenly alive to all the social events of the city, and is an active member of various social and fraternal organizations. Of the former class, he may be mentioned as belonging to the Essex and Commonwealth Clubs and to the East Gloucester Yacht Club. As to fraternal organizations, he is a member of the following : Ocean Lodge, I. O. O. ¥., of which he is a past Noble Grand ; Cape Ann Encampment, Daughters of Rebecca; Acacia Lodge of Masons, of which he was secretary in 1894; William Person Chapter, Bethlehem Commandery, of K. T. ; and Fernwood Lodge of the A. O. U. W. At the present time he is a trustee of the Odd P'ellows ]?uilding and the secretary of the board. In 1895 he delivered the historical address on the golden jubilee of Ocean Lodge of Odd Fellows. He was appointed Postmaster of Gloucester by President McKinley August 8, 1898. By his marriage with Helen M. Dennis, a daughter of George and Lois (Griffin) Dennis, he has become the father of two children : Emma W. , who was born April i, 1889, and is now a student in the Gloucester schools; and Rodney Donnell, who was born on August 6, 1S96.

'^^ l':ORGE THOMPSON ESTES, for 5 I thirty-three years a letter-carrier in Lynn, was born in this city May 18, 1836, son of W. H. and Rebecca (Dodge)

Estes. The father, who was also a native of Lynn, learned shoemaking when a young man, following that occupation here during his active years. He was noted for his studious habits and the great fund of general information he acquired through long-continued reading. At his death in 1892 he was eighty-five years old. Rebecca, his wife, born in Wenham, Mass., was a daughter of Jacob Dodge, who, besides cultivating a farm in Wenham, followetl the carpenter's trade, and did a large amount of work in the adjoining towns. Mr. Dodge was for many years an active member of the Congregational church, and served as a Deacon until his death, whicli occurred in 1877.

George Thompson Estes began his education in the Lynn public schools. After completing his studies at the New Ilanijiton (N.H.) Academy, he learned the shoemaker's trade, which he followed for some years. When the free delivery service was introduced in this city, he was one of the first letter-carriers appointed; and he has been on duty continuously in that capacity since August 8, 1864. He has witnessed the great increase in the facilities of the United Mail service in Lynn, and has served under si.x different postmasters. Some time since he was presented by the department with an old-fashioned street letter-box, from which he had not missed a daily collection during twenty-five years.

On May iS, 1859, Mr. Estes contracted his first marriage, with Eliza W. Dodge, of Hamilton, who died in 1878. To that union were born two children, one of whom is living, P3mma F. Estes. In 1880 he married Mrs. Hattie Whitehouse, of Yarmouth, N.S., who died in 1887. His thirtl marriage, contracted in 1888, was with I^ffie Pierce, of the same ])lace, who died in 1896. In politics Mr. Estes is a Republican. He has reached the

Royal Arch degree in Masonry, is connected with Golden Fleece Lodge, and is a charter member of Sutton Chapter. In 1893 he was awarded a trip to the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago, as the result of a voting contest to determine the citizen who enjoyed the most popularity.

-OHN B. CAVERLY, the proprietor of Sagamore Farm, Ipswich, was born June 15, 1836, in Strafford, Strafford County, N. H., son of the Rev. John Caverly. The Caverly family, of sturdy Scotch ancestry, was first represented on American soil more than a century ago, the early progenitor having settled in New Hampshire, where many of his descendants are still living. A brief history of this family has been written and published by Robert Caverly, late a lawyer of Lowell, Mass., and a brother of the Rev. John Caverly. The latter, also a native of Strafford, N.H., was educated for the ministry, and during the greater part of his active professional life had charge of the Free Will Baptist Societies of Strafford and Barrington, N. H. His wife, Nancy, a daughter of Joseph and Sally French, was born and reared in New Durham, N. H. Their children were: Joseph F. , Zachariah B., Darius, Robert B., J. Colby, Elizabeth O., John B., and Luther M.

John B. Caverly has been engaged in agricultural work nearly all his life, first in the Granite State, and later in Massachusetts. In 1 87 1 he bought his present farm on the beach road, about a mile and a half from Ipswich Beach. He has one hundred and si.xty acres of land, on which he conducts general agriculture, making a specialty of dairying. On Sagamore Hill, a noted elevation of land on his farm, he built the Sagamore cottages,

Mr. Caverly is a member of Ipswich Grange, No. 36, and an active worker in the organization. On May 26, 1861, in Strafford, N.H., he was united in marriage with Miss Abbie M. Swaine. There have been four sons born to Mr. and Mrs. Caverly, namely: Irving, a farmer, residing in Lincoln, Mass. ; Roscoe, who is in business in Boston; Carl A., living on the home farm; and Chester B., who is employed in a factory in Ipswich.

KORGE N. AUSTIN, formerly the ^1 senior member of the well-known firm Austin, Chase & Co., wholesale produce dealers of Lawrence, Mass., was born in Londonderry, N.IL, in 1830, son of John W. and Susan (Farley) Austin. The father followed the trade of wheelwright. Of the six children he reared, two are now living - John and Charles. The latter, who has retired from active pursuits, resides in Methuen. George N. Austin learned the shoemaker's trade when young. Not content with that for a regular occupation, he went to Salem, Rockingham County, N.H., soon after reaching man's estate, and for four years was there engaged in the grocery business. Then, in company with his brother Charles, he purchased a woollen factory, which they successfully conducted for a few years, being especially prosperous during the Civil War, when their special manufactures were frocking, blankets, etc. After his brother retired from the firm, Mr. Austin was associated for eight years with Mr. Wheeler, who subsequently purchased the factory. In 1871 he came to Lawrence, and in partnersliip with E. H. Chase, Edward W. Austin, and A. W. Ricli- ardson, forming the firm of Austin, Chase & Co., engaged in the wholesale produce business, now carried on by Mr. Richardson. Politically, Mr. Austin was an uncompromising Republican. While in Salem he took an active part in municipal affairs, and was a Representative to the New Hampshire State legislature for two years. Fraternally, he was a Knight Templar. Beginning life with no other means than his own strong hands and willing heart, he met with success at every step, and acquired a fortune estimated at si.xty-five-thousand dollars. Before becoming a resident of Lawrence, he bought the fine residence now occupied by Mrs. Austin; and soon after settling here he built a cottage at Hampton Beach, where he and his family spent their summers. Although he was not connected by membership with any religious organization, he always contributed generously toward enterprises tending to promote the moral welfare of the community. He died at his residence, 343 Broadway, on March 29, 1895, and was buried in Pine Grove Cemetery, Salem, N.H., where a granite sarcophagus marks his grave.

On December 31, 1848, Mr. Austin married Sarah A. C. Smith, a daughter of James and Laura (Jones) Smith. Her mother, who had previously lost three infant children, died of consumption, December 21, 1829, aged thirty years; and her father died of the same disease in December, 1831, at the age of forty-one. Mrs. Austin was reared from the age of two years by her maternal grandmother, who was then the wife of Isaiah Wheeler, of Methuen, Mass. Slie has had four children, of whom George Allison died when two years old. Those living are: Georgianna, who is the wife of A. W. Richardson, and has three children - Blanche A., Arthur T., and Helen B. ; Edward W., who married Miss Ardelle the present owner of the Moody home- - x^ stead in Newbury, represents one of the first settled families in this town. He was born where he now resides, October 10, 1836, son of Nathaniel and Rebecca (Bartlett) Moody. The genealogy of the family is traceable as far back as the Norman Conquest. The subject of this sketch is a descendant in the seventh generation of William Moody, who in 1634 came from Ipswich, England, to the then newly organized Massachusetts town of the same name, and in 1635 settled upon the farm in Newbury, which has since remained in the family's possession. William Moody and his wife, Sarah, were the parents of several children, among whom were two sons, the Rev. Joshua and Samuel. Joshua Moody, born in t]ngland in 1632, graduated from Harvard University in 1653, was ordained to the ministry at Portsmouth, N.H., in 1671, and was pastor of a church in Boston from 1684 until his death, which occurred July 3, 1697. The other son, Samuel Moody, of whom Nathaniel W. Moody is a direct descendant, was married on November 9, 1657, to Mary Cutting, who died in 1675. She was the mother of nine children, including Deacon Samuel Mood)', the next in line, who was born in 1 67 1. Deacon Moody was a famous horseshoer in his time, journeying on horseback to ply his calling, and carrying with him a bag of hand-made nails. Tradition says that he was the first man in New England to shoe o.xen.

was Nathaniel W. Moody's great-great-grandfather. William Moody married for his first wife Anna Hale, and the maiden name of his second wife was Sarah Noyes. Colonel Samuel Moody, great-grandfather of Nathaniel W., was a son of William by his first union. He served as an officer in the Continental army during the Revolutionary War. The first of his two marriages was contracted with Jane Dole, and the second with Sarah Cushing. He reared a large family. His son, Nathaniel Moody, Sr., the grandfather of Nathaniel W., married Mary Moody, of Newbury, in 1794, and became by her the father of four children. He died in 18 15, aged forty-six.

Nathaniel Moody, Jr., youngest child of Nathaniel and Mary Moody, was born at the homestead, May i r, 1805. He inherited the property in turn, and the active period of his life was devoted to its cultivation and improvement. Rebecca Bartlett Moody, his wife, whom he married April 21, 1831, was a native of Campton, N. H. She became the mother of four children, namely : Samuel, born June 10, 1833, who died April i, 1834; Mary, born August 27, 1835, who died April 23, 1836; Nathaniel W., the subject of this sketch ; and Mary Frances, born May 26, 1840, who died September 30 of the same year. The family has been identified with Old Newbury from the first year of its settlement, and representatives of each generation have been members of the Congregational church. Though not ambitious to figure prominently in public life, they have always manifested a deep interest in the welfare of the town, and Ijy their labor as agriculturists have contributed much toward its prosperity.

has preserved the reputation of his ancestors for energy and prosperity. He is highly respected for his upright character and genial disposition, is fond of humor, and loves to relate amusing incidents of "ye olden times."

On June 27, 1S68, Mr. Moody was united in marriage with Helen Titcomb, of Newburyport, a daughter of Paul Titcomb, who was formerly a well-known tanner and grain dealer in that city. Mrs. Moody was liberally educated, and prior to her marriage she taught school in Newburyport and in District No. 6 of Oldtown. Mr. and Mrs. Moody. are the parents of two children, namely: Arthur W., born in 1871; and Grace Carleton Moody, born in 1878. Arthur W. Moody, one of the most active and progressive young men in town, is closely identified with public affairs. He was Census Plnumerator in 1890, took the State census of Newbury in 1895, was selected to compile agricultural statistics relating to the towns of Newbury, Rowley, Georgetown, West Newbury, and Haverhill; and, when twenty-one years old, he was elected Town Treasurer and Collector - offices which he stills holds. Grace Carleton Moody was graduated from the Newburyport High and Putnam Schools in 1896, and was valedictorian of her class.

GLIDDEN GUNN, a well-known merchant of Lynn, and a son of the late George Gunn, was born October 9, 1833, in Searsmont, Waldo County, Me. George Gunn was born and bred in Inverness, Scotland, where he was educated for the ministry. This profession, not being congenial to him, he gave up, and learned the cooper's trade. A short time after his marriage with Jean Kirk, of Wick, Scotland, he emigrated to this country, locat- ing in Scarsmont in 1832. Purchasing land, he lived there the larger part of his remaining life, profitably engaged in farming and coopering. He was a man of culture, intelligence, and enterprise; and, besides holding several town offices, he was appointed during President Pierce's administration a Clerk in the Pension Office at Washington. He passed away in 18S9, at the venerable age of eightyfive years.

Samuel G. Gunn completed his school life in Searsmont at the age of nineteen years, and subsequently worked with his father at the cooper's trade and on the home farm for a short time. In 1853 he began learning the carriage-maker's trade, at which he was employed until 1861, spending one year of the time in Lawrence, Mass. In the summer of 1 86 1 he went to Haverhill, Mass., where he learned shoemaking. He subsequently worked in shoe factories in Haverhill, Danvers, and Lynn, for more than a score of years. In 1884 he became a clerk in the clothing establishment of Aaron -Slater, with whom he remained three years. He assumed the management of the Union Street store of the late Charles R. l^lack in 18S7, and after the latter's death purchased the store and stiick, and has since carried on an extensive and lucrative business.

Mr. Gunn is prominently identified with many of the leading secret organizations of the city, and has faithfully performed his duties as a loyal and public-spirited citizen. In 1895, 1896, and 1897 he served as Alderman of the city, and was on the committee ap- ]iointed to care for streets, city tirainage, and public grounds, being also the chairman of the Committee Regulating Licenses. In 1896 he was chairman of the Drainage Committee, of the Committee on Public Grounds, and on Drainage y\ssessments, and was a member of the Committee on Claims, on State Aid, and on Elections. Mr. Gunn is a leading member of Richard W. Drown Lodge, No. 106, I. O. O. ¥., being a charter member, and P'irst Noble Grand of the lodge; a member of Palestine Encampment, No. 37,

1. O. O. F., of which he is Past Chief Patriarch; a member of Canton City of Lynn; of Everett Lodge, No. 20, K. of P., of which he is Past Chancellor; of Sagamore Tribe, No.

2, I. O. R. M. ; a Past E.xalted Ruler of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, No. i 17, of Lynn; and a m.ember of the Jefferson Club of this city and of the Alter l^go Club. At national elections Mr. Gunn invariably supports the regular Democratic ticket, while in local affairs he is a "Citizen-Democrat."

"^^A.XTER P. PIKE, an influential and prosperous agriculturist of Topsfield, was born in Hamilton, Mass., P'ebruary 22, 1S45, son of Benjamin Pike, Jr. His grandfather, l?enjamin Pike, Sr. , fif Byfield,. fought at Bunker Hill and in the engagement on Long Island, and was present at the hanging of Major Andre. This ancestor removed from Byfield to Topsfield in 1783, settling on the farm now owned by I^axter P., making this his home until his death, at the age of ninety-three years. He married Dolly Tenney, a cousin of the late Chief Justice Tenney, of Maine. She survived him four or five years, attaining the venerable age of ninety-six. They were the jiarents of nine children, among them ijeing Benjamin Pike, Jr.

Benjamin I'ike, Jr., born on the Tojisfield homestead, was there reared to man's estate. He subsequently engaged in farming in Hamilton for a time, residing there sixteen years. In 1S54 he returned to the home f.irm, and was here engaged in tilling the soil until too old for manual labor. Then he gave up the management of the property to his son Baxter, afterward living here in case and plenty until his death, at the ripe old age of ninety years. He married Huldah Dorman, of Boxford, a daughter of Moses Dorman, who, with his two sons, Moses and Ansel, was for years among the leading men of that town, owning and occupying a valuable farm that has always remained in the possession of the Dorman family. Twelve children were born into their household, ten of whom grew to maturity, among them being the Rev. Alpheus I. Pike, of Sauk Centre, Minn., and the Rev. Gustavus Dorman Pike, late of Hartford, Conn., a Congregational minister. The latter graduated from Dartmouth College and the Andover Theological Seminary, and at the time of his death was the secretary of the American Missionary Association. The mother preceded her husband to the better land, dying at the age of sixty-three years. Baxter P. Pike was but nine years of age when he came with his parents to the present farm, the homestead of his grandfather. He was the eleventh child, being next to the youngest; and it fell to his lot to remain at home. He assisted in the farm labors during his youthful days; and, when his father became enfeebled by age, he relieved him from all care, and did what he could to enhance his comfort and pleasure. On the death of his aged father, Mr. Pike was appointed administrator of the estate. Having bought out the interest of the remaining heirs, he has since carried on general agriculture and dairying, keeping fourteen or fifteen cows on the place. He has one hundred acres of land, much of it being in a good state of culture.

county, and since the age of twenty-three years has held some local office. For nine years he was a Selectman, and the chairman of the board for two years. He was a member of the School Committee for twelve years; and in 1S89 he was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, serving on the Agricultural Committee. He is an active member of the Essex County Agricultural Society, and has been a trustee of the F"air Association. Both he and his wife are members of the Topsfield Grange. On July 2, 1884, he married Miss Sarah I. Gould, a daughter of Porter Gould, Sr., and a sister of Porter Gould, Jr., now of Middleton, Mass. They have no children.

ON. DANIEL SAUNDERS, senior member of the law firm of Daniel, Caleb & Charles G. Saunders, of Lawrence, Mass., was born in Andover, Essex County, October 6, 1822, the eldest son of the late Hon. Daniel Saunders, founder of the city of Lawrence. He is of early New England Colonial stock, being a lineal descendant of William Saunders, who, we are told, came from England in 1636, and in 1645 took up land at Mitchell's Eddy, on the Haverhill side, in the town of Newbury, Mass., where he was a permanent settler.

James Saunders, the grandfather of Daniel, the special subject of this sketch, was born in Salem, N.H., July 12, 1751, and died in Stanstead, P.O., December 14, 1830. On November 15, 1774, he married Elizabeth Little, who was born March i, 1755, in Newbury, Mass., a daughter of Henry Little, and died in Salem, N.H., April 13, 1838. Henry Little also was of English extraction, and the representative of one of the old and prominent families of Essex County, an ancestor, several generations removed, having been the original owner of a Newbury farm that is still in the possession of his Little descendants. James Saunders and his wife had a family of twelve sons and one daughter. One son died in infancy, and one at the age of sixteen years. The ten sons remaining and the one daughter all married and reared children. One son, Caleb Saunders, became an early settler of Illinois, while three of his brothers located in Eastern New York. One of them, Henry Saunders, M.D., was for many years a prominent physician of Saratoga; another. Major William Saunders, a resident of Ballston Spa, was an officer in the War of 1812; another son, Samuel, was a carpenter on board the famous old ship "Constitution" in the same war.

The Hon. Daniel Saunders was born in Salem, N.H., June 20, 1796, and when a young lad began working in a woollen-mill as an employee in the lowest department. He gradually became familiar with all branches of the industry; and, when ready to establish himself in business, he purchased a mill in North Andover, on the Cochicewick Brook, and later bought another in Concord, N.H. Becoming convinced in his mind that some time in the near future the falls in the Merrimac River between the present cities of Lawrence and Lowell would be utilized by manufacturers, he began in 1832 to verify by a personal inspection surveys which had jjreviously been made for another purpose, that of estimating the expense of building locks and canals so that the river would be navigable for large boats of merchandise. His examinations still further convincing him of the possibility of the development of a large manufacturing district in this section, he sold his large mills in Concord and North Andover, and invested every jjenny he coulil lay his hands on in lands bordering on the Merrimac, in order that he might control the water power. Consulting then with his son Daniel, the subject of this sketch, as to the best means of calling the attention of the public to this most desirable location for mills, they decided to build a manufacturing plant themselves. In 1837, therefore, his legal adviser, the Hon. Josiah G. Abbott, then' a member of the General Court, secured for him an act incorporating the "Shawmut Mills" to be erected in Andover, not saying in what part. In the charter granted, the name of Saunders was not used, those of Caleb Abbott, Arthur Livermore, and John Nesmith only being apparent.

Prominent manufacturers near by were then told of the grand water power. Samuel Lawrence and others of Lowell investigated the matter, and found two good places for damming the river, one at Peters Falls, the other at Bodwell's, the location of the present dam. The Merrimack River Water Power Association was soon after formed, with Daniel Saunders as president and manager of the company, which consisted of Mr. (afterward Judge) Hopkinson, Samuel Lawrence, John Nesmith, Daniel Saunders, Jr., Nathaniel Stevens, and Jonathan Tyler. The president of the company originated a plan for bonding the lands in the vicinity of both falls; and, when the present site was selected as the most favorable point for operations, the neighboring farms were purchased at a reasonable price. His own real estate, which he had previously bought, he sold at the original price plus simple interest on his investments, although, had not his high sense of honor forbidden him, he might have asked and received almost any sum.

Albert P. Buknham

On June, 1S21, he married Phebe Foxcroft Abbott, who was born February 8, 1797, in Andover, Mass., and died March, 1890, in Lawrence. Her father, Caleb Abbott, was three times married ; and of his three unions there .were fifteen children. The maiden name of her mother was Lucy Lovejoy. Daniel and Phebe Foxcroft Saunders had five children, namely: Daniel, born October 6, 1822; Charles, who was born in June, 1824, and was extensively engaged in the manufacture of lumber in Lowell until his death in May, 1891; Martha, who died in childhood; Martha, the second, who also died at an early age; and Caleb, born September 4, 183S. On May 3, 1845, the parents removed from Andover to Lawrence, and, having settled on the farm previously purchased, there spent their remaining days, the father's death occurring October 8, 1872.

Daniel Saunders, the younger, studied law with the Hon. Josiah G. Abbott, and was for some years closely associated with his late father in his various enterprises. He continued his law practice all the time, however, and is now at the head of one of the best known legal firms, of this section of Essex County. He was Mayor of Lawrence in i860, at the time of the fall of the Pemberton Mills. In commemoration of his distinguished services, in the care of those wounded at that time and the relief of the families of those killed, he was presented by the citizens of Lawrence, irrespective of parties, with a magnificent silver service, which he prizes as one of his most valuable treasures. He served a year as Senator, and also he has represented the city in the lower branch of the State legislature.

^ ® V.^ Andover, was born in Andover, May 5, 1839, son of John and Diantha (Stevens) Burnham. The family is of English origin, and comes from the same stock as that of Admiral Burnham. Its founder in this country arrived in Essex County at an early date in Colonial history, and his descendants are to be found in all parts of New England.

John Burnham, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, resided in Essex, and was a farmer. The father, who was a native of Peabody, followed the blacksmith's trade; and his last years were spent in Andover. He married Diantha Stevens, a daughter of Leonard Stevens, of that town, and became the father of six children, four of whom are living. These are: Albert P., the subject of this sketch; Oliver R., a successful businessman of Kansas City, Kan. ; George, the superintendent of the town farm in Andover; and Mary, the wife of James P. Smith, of Exeter, N. H.