Ipswich Town (part 2 of 3)

He joined the Topsfield Church November 7, 1830, and was transferred to the Seminary August 30, 1839. He was acting pastor at Coventry, Conn., 1833-34, and at Wells, Me., 1844, till he was ordained and installed there November 5, 1845. He was dismissed November 5, 1849; was teacher and preacher at Brooklyn, Conn., 1850-55; acting pastor at Meredith, N. Y., 1855-60; without charge, N. H., 1860-66; acting pastor at Hudson, N. H., 1866-67; at Lempster, N. H., 1867-70 ; and was settled here May 3, 1871. His death October 18, 1883, closed his pastorate. His walk was exemi^lary. His service for the Master was sincere ; he had an exalted and abiding faith and an earnest love for souls committed to his care. Frowning uijon sin as such with the severest rebuke, but charitable to the erring, he was a man of noble and generous impulses. As a neighbor, he was kind, obliging and discreet; as a citizen, intelligent and declared ; in his home, gentle and kind, loving and loved. His life, as we knew it, was a perpetual benediction. Taking into the account the severity of his teacher. Experience, the quick impulses of ^his nature, his wise discretion and his godly life, he stands before us a massive character, a grand and noble manhood, commanding our respect and winning our love. He rests in Harmony Cemetery, Georgetown ; his widow is living at Hudson, N. H.

12. Sixth Pastorate. - Rev. Edward Holman Briggs was installed December 6, 1883. He was born in Boston Highlands, March 8, 1851, to George Washington and Anna Matilda-Ross Briggs. In the autumn of 1857, after the death of his father, he went to live in Columbus, Ga., with his paternal aunt, the wife of John Johnson, Esq., Judge of Probate. His preparatory studies were pursued with a private teacher. He entered the Sophomore class, half-advanced, in June, 1869, in the University of Georgia, at Athens, and graduated there in 1871. His scholarship was excellent. He matriculated at the Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Columbia, S. C, in September, 1871, and completed the course in April, 1874. He was licensed to preach April 19, 1874, by the Presbytery of Macon, Ga. He supplied at Whiting and Newton several months, and at Mount Tabor and Smyrna about two years. In January, 1877, he went to Palatka, Fla., 'where he was installed July 8, 1877. The pastorate was dissolved in November, 1880. He then labored a few months at Memphis, Tenn., a work he was forced to relinquish, being stricken with malaria. In November, 1881, he resumed his ministerial labors, and served in Good- Water, Hatchet-Creek, Hackneyville and Nixbury, Ala., till the close of 1882. Early in 1883 he returned to Massachusetts, and had no regular ministerial work till his settlement here. In his labors he appears to have been fairly successful. He began to prfach here in mid-summer. The circumstances of his settlement were very favorable. The death of our venerable pastor, Mr. Howe, and the memorial service of him left a marked seriousness upon the minds and hearts of all. An awakening among the young was already observed, and in January following his settlement, some fifteen, it was said, were ready for church membership. Eleven joined the first Sabbath, and several others soon after. Such haste against the wishes of older and oflicial members was not wise. From a remarkable unity in his favor at first, he held till there was a remarkable unity against him at last. The church was in a ferment for nearly three years - from the Sabbath he administered the sacrament, of which he did not partake, till he arbitrarily refused to administer it at all, - a usurpation.

Mr. Briggs may purpose well, but he reads books better than men, and he is wedded firmly to the Presbyterian Church polity; he will, therefore, succeed better as a Presbyterian clergyman or as a business man, than as a Congregational pastor.

13. Seventh Pastorate. - Rev. William Penn Al- COTT, the present incumbent, was born in Dorchester, July 11, 1838. His parents were William A., M.D. and lecturer, and Phebe L.-Bronson Alcott, who was a student in the Ipswich Academy when Misses Grant and Lyon taught. They are natives of Wolcott. Conn.

The son graduated at Williams' College in 1861, and at the Andover Theological Seminary in 1865. After his college graduation he taught in the Pittsburgh Female College, Pennsylvania, and in 1867 was elected tutor in Williams' College, and taught chemistry and mineralogy. As minister, he was seven years pastor of the Congregational Church, in North Greenwich, Conn., and two years in the First Church in Boxford. He preached for short periods at Barton Landing, Vt., and at West Newbury, this State. In 1877, he traveled extensively with Dr. Philip Schaff, in the Orient - Palestine, the Sinaitic region and Egypt - and Southern Europe.

During his pastorates, he was accustomed to make scientific studies his relaxation. The practice gradually conducted him into correspondence for the press, and to authorship. His contributions to the j^ress have been principally upon temperance and scientific subjects. He edited the Natural History department of Dr. Schaff's Bible Dictionary, and, as a member of the Lowell Hebrew Club, is interested in the publication of a de novo translation of the Book of Esther, with notes and excursuses, exhibiting much careful and patient philological and scientific research and study, - to which he was a liberal contributor. He is now at work upon the Books of Ezra and Nehemiah, to be presented uniform in matter and size with Esther.

He married, in 1868, Sarah Jane Merrill, daughter of Rev. David Merrill, of Peacham, Vt. She died in 1876, and he married, two years later, Lucy R. Davis, daughter of Andrew Davis, Esq., of Boston. He has three children in " the better land," and two, a daughter by the first wife and a son by the second wife, living.

The notice of this church would be very incomplete without reference to the society's liberal benefactor, John Perley, Esq. He died May 11, 1860, and by will placed in trust seven thousand dollars, as a perpetual fund, " the income of which shall be paid to the Orthodox Congregational Society, Liuebrook

Parish in the towns of Ipswich and Rowley, for the support of preaching and a Sabbath-school in said society annually, while said society has a settled minister."

Mr. Perley was born September 3, 1782, in Rowley- Linebrook. Becoming of age, he went to live with his uncle (afterwards deacon) Philemon Foster, in Ipswich-Linebrook, where he plied his trade as cordwainer. Upon " breaking ground " for the Newburyport turnpike, he opened a shop in connection with his trade. The enterprise was a success, and he there laid the foundation of his subsequent wealth. He never married. He devoted most of his estate to public benefactions, eleemosynary, educational and religious, among which was an annuity fund of three thousand five hundred dollars for the worthy poor of Georgetown, another of seven thousand dollars for the Orthodox Congregational Society, where he worshipi^ed, and anothei' - the residue of his estate - to found a free school in Georgetown.

This man's body has long since returned to its mother earth, but he still lives. So long as wealth has value, and learning is sought, and charity is kind, his name will be mentioned with praise, and- his life will be fresh and fruitful as the dew, and redolent as the lily upon the bosom of crystal waters.

The Baptist Society

" This society," says Mr. Felt, " was formed in February, 1806. Their first preacher was Rev. H. Pottle. They occupied the building formerly a woolen factory. Their church contained sixty-eight communicants in 1813. A secession took place from the church, because discipline was not exercised, June 4, 1816. This secession was justified by a council July 16th. The seceders formed themselves into a new church August 27th, and met in a building on High Street, opposite North Main. They were incorporated " The First Baj^tist Society in Ipswich," June 16, 1817.

The names of the corporators were Samuel, Samuel G. and Timothy Appleton, Samuel and Robert Stone, Josiah Symonds and Charles Simonds, William Dennis, Frederick Mitchell, Jacob M. Farnum, Daniel, Jr., and Joseph L. Ross, James Caldwell, Moses Graves, John Lord, Daniel W. Low, Nathan Perkins, Major Woodbury, Simeon Spafford, Amos Jones, Francis, John, Levi and Joseph Hovey. William Taylor was their first minister. He continued with them till August, 1818, and took his dismission, because his people Avere few and unable to support him. When he left the church, it contained thirty members. Thus, destitute of one to guide them, they continued to hold meetings and have the sacrament administered occasionally till August, 1823. In the course of this year they dissolved. The original Society of Baptists continued, after the secession from them, only one year."

Protestant Episcopal Church And Parish

1. First Rectorship. - The Parish was organized in 1867, The service of the church had been regularly maintained from 1861, and occasional services had been held for some time before that date. Rev. Henry Wall was the first rector, and occupied the office about two months.

2. Second Rectorship. - Rev. Benjamin Rowley GiFFORD, the second rector, was born in Fa-lmouth, Mass., October 18, 1819. His parents were Braddock and Mary. He received his education at the Falmouth Academy and Amherst College, leaving the latter institution in 1840. He subsequently went to St. Francesville, La., and pursued his theological studies under the direction of the Rev. Daniel Lewis, D.D., rector of the church in that town. He was ordained to the ministry of the Episcopal Church in Davenport, Iowa, August 28, 1857, by the Right Rev- Henry W. Lee, bishop of that diocese. He was rector of parishes in Cedar Falls, Waterloo, Mount Pleasant and Ottumwa, in Iowa, and in Kewanee, in Illinois. Early in 1866, he returned to Massachusetts, and then traveled extensively in Europe and the East, visiting Palestine, Egypt, Turkey, Greece and other countries, returning the following spring.

He entered the rectorship of this church November 3d of the same year. The services were then held in the Damon Hall ; subsequently they were held in the Town Hall. In 1869, his second year here, October 26th, the corner-stone of the present church edifice was laid, by the Right Rev. Manton Eastburn, bishop of the diocese of Massachusetts, in the presence of a large audience of the people, the bishop making the address.

In the spring of 1870, before the edifice was completed, Mr. Giffbrd resigned, and in June, 1871, entered the rectorship of Trinity Church, Bridgewater. In 1873 he A'isited England, and there, Sei)teraber 9th, he married Miss Mary M. Hewett, in All-Saints' Church, near Taunton, Somersetshire. The following March he returned to America and resumed the charge of the Parish of Bridgewater. His connection with the church continued till the next spring, when he went to Natick and became rector of St. Paul's Church there. He continued in Natick five years, when in May, 1880, mainly owing to ill-health, he resigned, deciding not to take regular charge of another parish. In 1882 he and his wife spent the summer in England, when he preached in various parts of the country. Returning to America he took up his permanent residence in Wood's Holl, a famous summer resort in his native town. In the meantime he has quite frequently officiated in the local church and the neighboring parishes. After Mr. Gifford's resignation, there was a vacancy in the rectorship till 1873, when Rev. B. F. Newton was elected.

This was his first rectorship, and he continued in it till 1877, when he removed to St. James' Church, Texarkana, Texas, whence, in 1881, he went to the rectorship of the Church of the Good Shepherd, St. Louis, Mo., where he is at present engaged.

While he was here the church made steady and substantial progress, increasing in numbers and efficiency, and doing a large amount of missionary and benevolent work. Some progress was made upon the church edifice.

4. Fourth Rectorship. - Rev, Reuben Kidner succeeded, and entered upon the duties of the office January 1, 1878. Mr. Kidner is a son of James Frederic Kidner, merchant, of Bristol, England, and was born March 18, 1848. He graduated at Harvard College in 1875, and at the Episcopal Theological School, Cambridge, in 1878. He resigned the rectorship February 1, 1882, to become assistant minister of Trinity Church, Boston, where he is in active service. He married July 3, 1878, Miss Katharine Clinton Simonds, and has one son, Frederic Clinton. Mr, Kidner's successor is the present incumbent.

5. Fifth Rectorship. - Rby. Julius W. At wood, who entered upon the duties of this office in 1882, was born in Salisbury, Vt., June 27th, 1857. He graduated at Middlebury College in 1878, where in course he took the Master's degree ; studied a year in the General Theological Seminary in New York City and in 1879 entered the middle class of the Episcopal Theological School, Cambridge, In 1880-81 he spent a year in study and travel in Europe and the East. Returning in the latter year, he resumed his studies in the Cambridge Theological School, where he graduated in 1882 with the degree of B.D. Shortly after graduation, the same year, he was elected to the rectorship of this church.

In 1883, during Mr. Atwood's rectorship, the church edifice was completed, and was consecrated as the Ascension Memorial Church, in memory of the generous contributions and personal efforts of the Rev. John Cotton Smith, D.D., of New York City, who was the principal donor of funds and who, from the organization of the parish, was a warm and devoted friend of the church. Dr. Smith and Joseph E. Bomer, M.D., might be considered the founders of the society and church. Some one has given a very just and vivid description of the edifice :

"It stands forth in all its architectural beauty unadorned by tree or paling. Within it has all the richness and refinement of tlie costly cathedrals of the old world, which it resembles so much in miniature. Nothing flashy or gaudy can be seen. Its very richness is softened to harmonize with the spirituality of its creations. It has none of the unfinished look which so often mars otherwise elegant church edifices. Its very coloring seems to give a restful, quiet atmospliere to the place. It contains two memorial windows, one given by the citizens of Ipswich to the late Joseph E. Bonier, who did so much in creating and fostering the Episcopal Church in Ipswich. On the lectern we noticed a large Bible presented to the church by his wife, who plays the organ, and who takes a deep interest in the clmrch. The other memorial window is dedicated to a little daughter of Dr. and Mrs. John Cotton Smith, to -nhose generosity Ipswich is indebted for one of the most beautiful church edifices that we ever have seen in this country. The pulpit used by the late Dr. Smith in his church in New York was sent to the Ipswich Church after his death. Over the door is a tablet stating that the church is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Smith."

The cliurch organizations are : The Beneiit, the Church- Aid, the St. Agnes Societies, the St. Andrew's Guild and the Children's Mission Circle. The ofiicers, teachers and scholars of the Sunday school number about one hundred and twenty-five. The wardens are E. H. Martin and C. S. Tuckerraan, Esquires. The society enjoys a harmony of sentiment and a unity of purpose, and has a hopeful future.

6. Oue of the founders of the church and society was Joseph Edward Bomer, M.D. Dr. Bomer was born in Beverly, March 14, 1819. His father, of French descent, went, in early life, to Windham, N. H. At the age of twenty-eight years, he removed to Beverly, where he married Abigail Friend, who was descended from the old Puritan istock. He was a farmer and highly respected. He had a family of nine children. Joseph E. was the fifth son. He had a delicate constitution, was unequal to farm labor, was fond of books, and so was devoted to intellectual pursuits. He was a Beverly scholar till he was fourteen years old ; then he became a student in the Topsfield Academy, under principal Edmund F. Slafter, who became very much interested in him and soon engaged him as assistant teacher. Leaving Topsfield, he studied in the Phillips Academy, Exeter, N. H., and afterwards in the Phillips Academy, Andover. Having completed his course at Andover, he entered Harvard Medical School, from which he graduated in 1848. In February, 1849, he settled in this town, a jahysician of the old-school of practice. His office was next to the Agawam House, and near the residence of Dr. Thomas Manning, then the oldest and most skillful physician of the town, through whose influence and kindness the young physician soon secured a large and lucrative practice.

In October, 1850, Dr. Bomer married Miss Caroline Elizabeth Hayes, of Gloucester. Soon after this event. Dr. Manning, feeling the burden and cares of business and professional life weighing upon him, and wishing on that account to retire, invited our young doctor to reside with him and assume his practice. Dr. Bomer accepted and lived in reciprocal confidence, till the death of his aged friend.

Dr. Bomer was physician to the House of Correction and the Insane Asylum from 1850 till his death. He was examining surgeon, of the Eastern District, of those who enlisted for the War of the Rebellion, during which time he attended professionally the families of the soldiers free of charge. He was placed upon the school board and served while he lived. A high school graduate gives the following estimate of him : " I refer to him who was so respected and beloved among us. The physician who was always welcome in the schools, and for his ready tact in asking questions and eliciting answers, as well as pleasant manner, won the favor of the schools." In politics, in early life, he was a " Webster Whig." He believed in freedom of thought, and was courteous and liberal to all who differed from him in politics or religion. _ In the latter he was a firm Episcopalian, and an earnest worker. Some years before his day, the service of that church had been started, but failed to succeed for want of interest and funds. Through the doctor's influence and perseverance it was again revived. Dr. Bomer and John F. Clothey, of Marblehead, then a resident and merchant here, secured, though the kindness of the trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the use of their church edifice, and then invited the Rev. Robert F. Chase, of Danvers, to officiate. He preached to an audience of devout listeners, and from that service sprung the present church. The doctor continued a firm supporter of the church and. society through life. He was a devout, genial, sympathetic and exemplary Christian. He was, too, eminently a public-spirited citizen, and among the foremost in all works of public utility. He bore an unblemished reputation.

Methodist Episcopal Church And Society

Origin. - This denomination of Christians arose in England, in 1729, and derived their name from the exact regularity ol their lives, a very pleasing commentary upon theii character. In 1741 they divided into two parties, under George Whitefield and John Wesley. The former adopted the views of John Calvin ; the latter of Arminius. The followers of Armiuius compose the great body of Methodists in this country and Great Britain. In 1830 seceders from the Wesleyan Methodists established a government and discipline of their own and styled themselves "The Methodist Protestant Church." This church diflers from its parent church only in certain matters of discipline, particularly those relating to Episcopacy and the manner of constituting the general conference.

Methodism first came into this country with Rev. George Whitefield in 1739, and was an important factor in the deep and extensive revivals that soon after followed. Its power was first felt in Ipswich when that eloquent divine electrified the populace from " the Whitefield-Pulpit " rock near the First Church, and "Pulpit Rock," in Linebrook.

Methodism, as now taught, " was first introduced in New England, in 1789," says Miss Archer, in her excellent and serviceable sketch of this church, and " in Ipswich in the year 1790, by Rev. Jesse Lee, who was sent by the venerable Bishop Francis Asbury, still active and ardent in the cause." The sketch relates that the first convert, by the preaching of Mr. Lee, was the mother of Gen. James Appleton. She

Mr. Felt, in 1834, wrote: "The remainder of the first Baptist Society and some Methodists began to have preaching of the latter denomination in 1817 " but Miss Archer, discriminating in the call and the doctrine, says " no other Methodist preacher labored in Ipswich till October, 1821, when Rev. Aaron Wait (1821-25 or '26) came." His coming was fortuitous. Passing through the town on business, on Saturday, the 6th, he stopped at the " Treadwell tavern." He was invited to preach, and the next day addressed three audiences in " the old woolen factory,'' in which the Baptists had worshipped, and which stood north of and contiguous to the famous Choate Bridge. In November, he came again and preached three times. In four weeks he came again, and again preached three times, and held a prayer-meeting, when five inquirers came forward. On Christmas, he preached twice, and held an inquiry-meeting. Two weeks later he made a fourth visitj and found the work he had done was " good." Soon after he removed his family to Ipswich, but, like Paul, " coveting no man's silver," he worked at shoe-making during the week and preached on Sundays. Mr. Charles Dodge was Mr. Wait's first convert.

The seed thus sown by Mr. Wait budded and blossomed in the spring of 1822, and was named The Methodist Episcopal Society. The first classmeeting was held in the dwelling of Mr. Aaron Wallace, afterwards of Mr. Amos Jones, on South Main Street. It had twenty-two members, eight of whom came from the Baptists. Prayer-meetings were held in various parts of the town. The first love-feast was had with Capt. William Gould, in the Robbins house, on High Street, near the North Cemetery. The Sunday-school was organized in the summer of

1824, with three classes and twenty members, and Charles Dodge as Superintendent. The first meetinghouse was begun in September, 1824, and dedicated the Christmas following. Rev. John Lindsey preaching the sermon. It was built, fifty by forty feet, with galleries, and cost, all finished, less than two thousand dollars, including two hundred and fifty dollars, the price of the land. It stood where now stands the residence of Mr. Robert Jordan. Within six months after this time, the society was called to mourn the deaths of Dr. John Manning, Aaron Treadwell, Sr. and Judge Sutton, three ardently active friends.

In 1825 Mr. Wait joined the New England Conference. Ipswich and Gloucester were made a circuit, and Rev. Aaron Wait and Rev. Aaron Josselyn were appointed Circuit preachers. The first Quarterly Conference for this circuit was held September,

1825, and there were present Rev. E. Hyde, P-residing Elder; Rev. Aaron Wait and Rev. Aaron Josselyn, Pastors; and Charles Dodge and Daniel B. Lord, of Ipswich, and Thomas Hillard, of Gloucester, Stewards.

Mr. Wait was a native of Maiden, and was born September 24, 1799. He united with the church when quite ycung, and with the Conference in his twenty-sixth year. His appointments were to Ipswich, Gloucester, Wilbraham and Ludlow. About 1830 he retired, though he i)reached, more or less, till his death, September 1, 1864. His personal presence was good ; he was an easy, pleasant speaker, had a fair pulpit ability and an unblemished Christian character.

Rev. Aaron Josselyn was born in Pembroke May 4, 1804. He entered the ministry August 9, 1825, and continued twenty years, but preached occasionally till age and infirmity disqualified him for pulpit labor. He was ,an ardent advocate of Antislavery, was a member of the Legislature three years, a justice of the peace fourteen years and held various town offices. He was thirty years a resident of Duxbury, but now resides with his daughter, in East Cambridge. This church had a steady growth during his ministry, and among the number added was Apollos Hale, afterwards Rev. The number returned for this circuit this year was forty-six.

1826. Rev. Nathan Paine. - The number returned this year for this church was twenty-eight members. Mr. Paine was born in Burrellville, R. I., September 30, 1791. He was converted in his seventeenth year, and soon received a license to preach. He joined the New England Conference in 1815, and continued in active service till 1853, a period of thirty-eight years. In 1853 he took a superannuated relation, and removed to New Bedford, where he lived with his children, till his death, September 9, 1863. Says Rev. Dr. Allen : " He was remarkably cheerful, affectionate and unpretentious ; he was wise in counsel, and of unswerving integrity. He was a true, earnest and faithful minister, and accomplished great good, though his pulpit ability was not of the highest order. Few ministers have lived of purer character, of nobler purpose, of more unselfish aims and of greater devotedn ess to their work. He was a noble specimen of ministerial purity and goodness. The closing years of his life were full of Christian joy and hope."

1828. Rev. John Thompson Burrell. - Mr. Burrell was born in Lynn December 25, 1799, and he died in Chelsea September 20, 1885. He qualified for membership in the Conference under direction of pastors, while a local preacher, and entered when he was twenty-eight years old. This was his first pulpit, to which he was returned in 1833 and 1834. He preached in the Methodist Episcopal Ministry till 1850, then in the Methodist Protestant Ministry. His were among the best pulpits. Rev. J. L. Estey records him as a man " of fine presence, of gentlemanly bearing, of eloquent oratory and faithful instruction. He was, wherever he labored, beloved and successful." He is said to have been one of the most pleasing and talented men ever stationed here. The mem-

1829. Rev. John J. Bliss. - Mr. Bliss united with the Conference in 1826 or '27, and for about seven years was an earnest, active and successful minister. In 1834 lie was excluded from the church, upon charges that may not have affected his chai'acter, and, it is thought, went West. He was a man of considerable ability, and had been highly esteemed by those who knew him.

His pastorate here was very successful. Rev, John N. Maffitt assisted and preached sixty successive nights. The religious intei'est was so great that for an entire week business was suspended, most of the stores were closed, the cottou-mills shut down for want of help, and people seemed bent on seeking "first the kingdom of God and his righteousness.'' The number returned for this year is two hundred.

1830. Rev. Jacob Sanborn. - Mr. Sanborn entered the ministry in 1812, and continued fifty-five years. He died March 16, 1867, at the age of seventy-nine. During his pastorate a parsonage was built.

1831. Rev. Enoch Mudge. - This man was the first native Methodist preacher in New England. He was born in Lynn June 28, 1776. He entered the New England Conference when seventeen, received Deacon's orders when nineteen, and Elder's when twenty. He continued in active seryice fifty-seven years. His fields of labor were chiefly in Maine. In Massachusetts he was a member of the convention to revise the State Constitution, and was two years a member of the Legislature.

He occupied this pulpit ten months and was called to the responsible charge of the Seaman's Chapel, New Bedford. He remained there as chaplain of the Port Society, abundant in labors and honored by all, till 1844, when failing health compelled him to seek repose. He went to his kindred at Lynn, where he died April 2, 1850. Enoch Redington Mudge, the famous Boston mill-agent, recently deceased, was his son.

1832. Rev. Epaphkas Kibby. - He served the church well, and there was a steady growth. He entered the ministry in 1798, and after a service of forty-three years, died, August 16, 1864, at the age of sixty-six years.

1835. Rev. Neavell S. Spaulding. - During this pastorate there was quite an extensive work of grace, and fifty probationers were received. Mr. Spaulding began to preach in 1822, and after a ministry of sixtytwo years, died August 17, 1884, at the age of eightyfour years.

1836-37. Rev. Edward Murphy Beebe. - During this pastorate the church edifice was enlarged at a cost of one thousand and forty dollars, and a bell 38 i was purchased at a cost of three hundred dollars, raised by subscription. Mr. Beebe was in the ministry sixteen years. He died March 19, 1845, aged forty years.

1838-39. Rev. Joel Knight. - Mr. Knight continued in the ministry thfrteen yeai*. While here forty probationers were received. He died August 13, 1843, at the age of thirty-nine years.

1840-41. Rev. Daniel Wise, D.D. - This church kept the 1st day of January, 1841, with fasting and prayer. It was the beginning of a very gracious revival. The following winter was also a season of refreshing. Eighty-eight were received on probation. Because of failing health, he resigned in March, 1842.

The doctor was born in Portsmouth, England, June 10, 1813. He was educated in the Portsmouth Grammar School, a classical institution, under the patronage of the dean and canons of Christ Church, Oxford. He removed to America in the summer of 1833. He received the Master's degree in 1849, and the doctorate in 1859, from the Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. He was licensed to preach in 1834, ordained deacon in 1839, and elder in 1843. He has published two books, highly recommended : " Boy Travelers in Arabia," and " Our Missionary Heroes and Heroines." He resides in Euglewood, N. J.

1842. Rev. Daniel Webb. - During this pastorate a steady growth was maintained, and " a few valuable members were added to the church." "Twenty-five members withdrew and joined the 'Methodist Wesleyan Church in the United States.' Some of them soon returned." Mr. Webb was sixtynine years in the ministry, and died March 19, 1867, aged eighty-nine years.

1843-44. Rev. John S. Springer. - In this pastorate the church edifice was re-modeled, and a new pulpit constructed. The expense was about two hundred and fifty dollars. He joined the Conference in 1839, and for seven years was a very successful minister. In 1847, while stationed at Lowell, he withdrew from the church. It is thought he stood well in his Christian and moral character. He was a man of considerable ability, was popular, and filled some of the best puipits in the Conference.

1845. Rev. Joseph Denison, D.D. - Though he left no special vestige of his service here, he was an able and learned man. He was born in Bernardston October 1, 1815. He entered Wesleyan Academy, Wilbraham, in 1833, and the sophomore class of the Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., in 1837, graduating in 1840. He taught the languages in Amenia Seminary, Dutchess County, N. Y., three years ; he spent about twelve years in the ministry, and in 1855 went to Kansas. He was one of the founders of the State Agricultural College, and was its president from 1863 to 1873, and was president of Baker University from 1874 to 1879. He received the doctorate from McKendree College. He is an

1846-47. Rev. Lorenzo R. Thayer. - During this time a vestry, fifty by forty feet, was built, in the rear of the church, at a cOst of four hundred dollars, and about twenty probationers were received. He preached at the dedication of the new church edifice in 1860. He was born in Winchester, N. H., December 2, 1814. He studied for college in the Newbury Seminary, Vt., and in 1841 graduated at the Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. He joined the New England Conference the same year. He was stationed at Lynn in 1848-49; is now in Newtonville.

1848. Rev. Stephen Cushing. - This pastorate was pleasant, and attended with much spiritual interest. Fifteen were received into the church. Mr. Cushing was born in Boston March 15, 1813. He was two years at Wesleyan Academy, Wilbraham, and took a partial course in the Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., in 1832. He entered the New England Conference in June, 1833. He now resides in Boston.

1849. Rev. Charles Baker. - During this pastorate about thirty were received on trial. He was born in Scituate, R. I., April 7, 1798. He did not graduate. After a ministry of forty-three years, he died at Somerville, August 16, 1864, aged feixty-six years.

1850-51. Rev. James Shepherd. - During the first year of this pastorate the meeting-house was again enlarged, at a cost of seven hundred and fifty dollars. He preached twenty-two years. He died May 22, 1855, at the age of fifty-three years.

1852. Rev. Moses A. Howe. - With Mr. Howe the New England Conference held its annual session. He died January 27, 1861, aged sixty-one years, after a successful ministry of twenty-two years.

1853-54. Rev. John William Dadman. - This was a period of great harmony, in the church and out of it. Mr. Dadman and Mr. Southgate made the first pulpit exchange between the Methodist and Congregational Churches, and the event marked a new era in Christian fellowship among the good people of the town. Mr. Dadman was born in Hubbardston, December 20, 1819. He entered Wesleyan Academy, Wilbraham, in 1840, and graduated in 1842. Indigent circumstances obliged him to forego a collegiate course, and he at once entered the ministry. He was licensed April 10, 1841, joined the Conference June 29, 1842, and was ordained elder May 3, 1846. His fields of labor have been Boston, Worcester, Lowell, Roxbury and the western part of the State. The last twenty- two years he has been chaplain and superintendent of schools in the city institutions. Deer Island, Boston. One of his children, Luella Jane, was born here June 30, 1853.

this time there was another great outpouring of the Divine Spirit, and one hundred and fifty were received on trial, and Rev. George S. Noyes and Rev. F. G. Jlorris were among them. Mr. Hanaford was born June 7, 1824, at Northfield, Vt.

1857-58. - Rev. William Carpenter High. Mr. High took up the good work and labored earnestly and well. He baptized about sixty. He was born in Waitsfield, Vt., March 30, 1822. He was educated at the Montpelier Academy and the Newbury Seminary. His first appointment was at Danvers (now Peabody). He took a supernumerary relation, and has since resided in Somerville. Mr. High conducted several large revivals, and was generally considered a successful minister.

1859-60. - Rev. C. L. Eastman. At this time the present house of worship was built, and, marvelous to relate, not a dollar was pledged. - The trustees became personally responsible for it. Their names were Joseph Wait, Ezekiel Peabody, Oliver Underbill, Daniel L. Hodgkins, Daniel P. Nourse, William H. Graves, Abraham D. Wait, James M. Wellington, Frederick Willcomb, ever worthy of remembrance. The size of the house is eighty-four by sixty-two feet; chancel, twenty-nine by eleven feet ; vestibule, eight and a half feet wide; tower, eighteen feet square; and several hundred sittings. Rev. George Bowler was the architect, and our townsman, William H. Smith, the contractor. The cost was twelve thousand dollars, including the site. It was dedicated January 8, 1861, Rev. L. R. Thayer, noticed above, preaching the sermon. Mr. Eastman was born in Weare, N.H., June 11, 1822. He joined the conference in 1844. His pulpits have been among the most onerous and best. He now resides in Chelsea.

1861-62. - Rev. Austin F. Herrick. Mr. Herrick was born in Otis, June 17, 1824. He entered Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., in 1849; but left before graduation, and entered the Biblical Institute, Concord, N. H. (now the Theological School of Boston University), graduating in 1852. He joined the conference, at the session with this church, April 27, 1853. He came here as pastor on that memorable April 19, 1861. In two or three months, Ipswich's first company for the war, in full military dress, on the Sabbath before marching, worshipped with his church. Those were years of thrilling events, and of general prosperity to this church ; some twenty were received on trial.

1863 - Rev. Joseph Chapman Cromack. This clergyman was born in Boston, May 11, 1812, to Joseph and Judith Millett Cromack, who were sometime of Amesbury. He was educated at Wesleyan Academy, Wilbraham, and was licensed to preach in 1835.

1864-65. - Rev. I. J. P. Collyer. This pastor was in the ministry twenty-eight years. While stationed here, twenty persons were received on trial. He died May 7, 1872.

1866-68. - Rev. Jesse Wagner. Mr. Wagner was born in Williamsburg, Pa., August 14, 1835. He graduated at the Methodist Biblical Institute, Concord, N. H., in 1861, and entered the ministry the following year. While here, by his personal efforts; an organ was bought at an expense of two thousand dollars, and twenty probationers were received.

1869-70. - Rev. Charles Atwood Merrill. This jiastor is a native of Woodstock, Me. He graduated at the Biblical Institute, Concord, N. H. While located here, twenty persons were received on probation.

1871-72. - Rev. Charles H. Hanaford. Mr. Hanaford was born at Northfield, N. H. He was educated at the New Hampshire Conference Seminary, without graduation. He entered the ministry in 1858, and joined the New England Conference in April, 1859. The semi-centennial of the establishment of the church was celebrated in this pastorate? when money enough was raised to liquidate the debt of the society, and also a large part of the cost of the present parsonage. Twenty-eight persons were received on probation the first year.

1873-75. - Rev. E. A. Smith. Mr. Smith is a native of Howard, Pa. He fitted for the Junior Class of Dickinson Seminary, Williamsport. He afterwards taught three years there, filling the chair of natural sciences one year. In 1858 he joined the New Hampshire Conference, and graduated at the Biblical Institute, Concord, in June, 1859. He preached in the chief cities in the State, built the Main Street Methodist Episcopal Church, at Nashua, had extensive revivals in many of the churches, and bought and built several parsonages. He entered the New England Conference in 1873, and while stationed here, the society built and furnished a parsonage, at an expense of nearly six thousand dollars; and, in December, 1873, a great revival began, which continued nearly a year. More than three hundred persons knelt at the altar, and persons of all ages, from seven to eighty-five, were among the converts.

1876-77. - Rev. Frederick Woods, D.D. Dr. Woods is a native of St. John's, Newfoundland. He studied in Sackville Academy, N. B., Genesee College, Lima, N. Y., and graduated in 1859, at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., where he received the Master's degree in 1862. He joined the New England Conference in 1859, and has done very efficient pulpit service. He has published several sermons and addresses. He preached the baccalaureate sermon at Mount Alleston University, Sackville, N. B., 1886, and received the doctorate. His service in this pulpit was efficient and progressive.

1878. - Rev. George Whitaker. This pastor was born in Boston, May 14, 1836. His father was a government official, son of Rev. Jonathan Whitaker, of Sharon and New Bedford, and nephew of Rev. David T. Kimball, of the First Church. George prepared for college at the Wesleyan Academy, Wil braham, graduated at Wesleyan University, Middleiuwn, Conn., in 1861, and entered the ministry the same year. He was presiding elder of the Springfield District, 1874 - 77. His pastorate here was very satisfactory. The church was repainted, frescoed and generally improved; the society debt of about three thousand three hundred dollars was canceled; and a gracious revival blessed the church.

1881-82. - Rev. Charles Nelson Smith. Mr. Smith was born in Brookfield, Vt., December 14, 1816. He studied at Newbury Seminary, entered college, but did not graduate. In 1865 he received the Master's degree from Wesleyan University, Middletown. He joined the conference July, 1842, was presiding elder in New Hampshire one year, and in Massachusetts one year; he has had nine two-year pastorates, four three-year pastorates, and was a member of the General Conference in 1856. He has built and repaired several churches, and by the blessing of Heaven has had his full share of success. He reported his full membership to be two hundred and sixty-one.

1883-84. - Rev. Charles T. Johnson. He was born in Lynn - now Nahant - October 16, 1838. His father was a grocer there nearly fifty years, and was postmaster thirty-two years. He studied at Wesleyan Academy, Wilbraham, and graduated at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., in 1863, and entered the ministry the same year. His pastorate here was blessed, the society prospered, several united with the church. The membership reported was two hundred and seventy-eight full members and thirty-two probationers.

1885. - Rev. John Galbraith, Ph. D. Dr. Galbraith is a graduate of Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., whence he received the Master's degree in 1882. He is also a trraduate of Boston University, whence he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 1886. The present church membership is two hundred and thirty-six full members and forty-two probationers.

A society of this belief was formed in 1830, the several churches contributing to the membership. Their services were held in the court-house till, at a cost of three thousand dollars or more, they built a church edifice, which was dedicated October 23, 1833. They continued a worshiping congregation some six or seven years, and then formally dissolved. A few years later - 1843 - they sold their house of worship to the town for a town-house, at a price not exceeding two thousand dollars. The house, with alterations and additions, is the present town-house, and the pews are those of the Linebrook CLurch.

St. Joseph'S Catholic Society

1871 was transferred to Eev. William H. Eyan's parish in Beverly. They have a very pretty church edifice, which was completed in 1872. The society consists of about five hundred and fifty wor.shipers.

Conclusion - The proportion of service, by the various denominations, is about as follows : The First Church, by its double pastorates and colleagues, 355 years; the South, 140 years; the Linebrook, 138 years; the Methodist, 65 years; the Episcopal, 26 years; the Catholic, about 20 years; the Baptist, 17 years; and the Unitarian, 7 years, making a total of more than 750 years for one man, which is equivalent to three pastorates for the actual time. The several pastors and assistants have been, almost to a man, liberally educated. They have brought an apparent zeal to their work, and a good conception of their duty therein. They have been watchful, diligent, laborious, prayerful. A good proportion of them have been dignified, trusty, efficient leaders. They have been able to read the signs of the times, to understand the needs of their people, and to utilize circumstances, as well as actual means. They have watched the ripening grain in their respective fields of labor, and gathered their gracious harvests ; their doctrines have been a leaven that has permeated the whole mass of the populace ; that has endowed the legislator, the justice, the mariner, the mechanic, the manufacturer, the farmer; that has impeded crime and corrected the erring ; that has superinduced a nobler, truer, more earnest and more eifective manhood ; and has first, last and midst, been our people's enlightenment and guide. Such is our hope of the future.

Chapter Xliv Educational

Initial Status. - It has been said that the Plymouth Colony had only one University man, the Elder Brewster, while the Massachusetts Bay Colony was noted for its men of wealth, social position and education. Ipswich, in this respect, was a representative town - not a whit behind the metropolis in mental and educational influence and ability. She understood and appreciated the value of a varied learning practical and polite, of a thorough knowledge of home arts and social culture, and of the acquisition of ancient history, literature and tongues; and to this end she was willing to contribute, even to a sacrifice, to obtain them.

Why Latin ? - It may be asked why our forefathers so valued a knowledge of the ancient languages, especially the Latin, as to give them immediate attention. Doubtless they studied them for the same reasons we do to-day, but we apprehend that they did then chiefly because they were intensely English ; and on that ground anything that did not conflict with or savor of religious tenets must be intensely English also. The Latin language, at that time, was in its old age, only dead in the sense that it had passed the period of its growth. It may be said to have been the language of the time, the English tongue sharply vying with it for the supremacy. It embodied the laws of the realm and Biblical exegesis, and scientific essays and important documents were presented in it. The learned addressed their compeers in public assemblies, and statecraft was orally discussed in its elegant phrases. Queen Elizabeth spoke it, and Lord Bacon, " the great glory of literature," composed most of his writings in it. The devotion, benefactions and labors of our emigrant ancestors in the matter of schools excites not our wonder so much as our gratitude. The kind and degree of learning at their native homes must be the kind and degree here, so far as practicable; and while the exigences of the occasion made the family a school in the rudiments, and the mother the teacher, a grammar school, in the English sense, was early established for preparing young men for college.

The Grammar School. - According to the records, a grammar school was "set up '' in 1636, and Lionel Chute appears to have been the teacher. The record further states that the school did "not succeed." It began some two years after the incorporation of the town, and the young town doubtless made no appropriation for its support. Its success would have been phenomenal. Mr. Chute died in 1644 or '45.

The School Endowed. - This attempt of Master Chute was followed by "several overtures and endeavors among the inhabitants for settling a Grammar School," which failed to realize their object, as did he. The spirit of education, however, had taken possession of the public mind, and when about 1649, Robert Paine, the leading spirit in the endeavor, off"ered to " erect an edifice for the purpose, provided the town or any particular inhabitant of the town would devote, sett apart or give any land or other annuity for the yearly maintenance of such one as should be fitt to keep a Grammar School." The town accordingly, January 11, 1650, granted to Robert Paine, Mr. William Paine, Major Denison and Mr. Bartholomew in trust " for the use of schools all that neck beyond Chebacco River and the rest of the ground (up to Gloucester line) adjoining to it." Soon after this the Jand Avas leased to John Cogswell, his heirs and assigns, for the space of one thousand years, at an annual rental of fourteen pounds. The tenants began to build upon the land as early as 1723, and a part of the village of Essex now occupies a large portion of it, and the rent continues to be paid.

The citizens are now fully awake to the occasion, and give body, shape and purpose to the enterprise by ordaining, January 26, 1651, the following:

" The Feoffees. - For the better ordering of the school and the affairs thereof, Mr. Simonds, Mr. Roggers, Mr. Norton, Maj. Denison, Mr. Robert Paine, Mr. William Paine, Mr. Hubbard, Dea. Whipple, Mr. Bartholomew were chosen a committee to receive all such sums of money as have or shall be given toward the building or maintaining of a Grammar School and school-master, and to disburse find dispose sucli sums as are given to provide a school-house and school-master's house eitlier in building or purchasing the said house with all convenient speed. And such sums of mone3-, parcels of land, rents or annuities as are or shall be given towards to the maintenance of a school-master they shall receive and dispose of to the school-master that tliey sliall call or choose to that oflSce from time to time to his maintenance, which tliey have power to enlarge by appointing from year to year what each scholar shall yearly or quarterly pay or proportionately ; who shall also have full power to regulate all matters concerning the school-master and scholars, as in their wisdom they think meet from time to time ; who shall also consider the best way to make provisions for teaching to write and cast accounts."

In 1652 Mr. Robert Paine purchased a house, with two acres of land belonging to it, for the use of the school-master, and in 1653, at his own expense, as per agreement, erected an edifice upon the land for the grammar school, and October 4, 1683, he and his wife gave the house and land to the town for the school's use. About the same time Mr. William Hubbard gave about an acre of land adjoining the school-master's house. In 1650 Mr. John Cross " secured " on his farm near Rowley a perpetual annuity of ten shillings towards a free school in the town. In 1696 the town grants ten acres of marsh at Castle Neck. These gifts were sold by order of the General Court in 1836, and netted the ftoffees about three thousand two hundred dollars. In 1660 Mr. William Paine gave the land near the mouth of ihe river called Little Neck. In 1661 "the barn erected by Ezekiel Cheever and the orchard planted by him were, after his removal to Charlestown, bought by the feollVes,'' as the trustees were then and have since been called, and presented by them for the school-master's use or for rent.

We can hardly say too much in praise of the exertions, devotion, benefactions and leading spirit of the original donor of this school, Mr. Robert Paine. He was timely, efficient, provident, public-spirited, noble, wealthy, generous. Of a hundred and fiftyfive subscriptions " to encourage Major Denison in his military helpfulness," Mr. Paine's was the largest, to be paid annually. Pie was a ruling elder in the church, ranking next to the minister. He was representative three years. He was county trea>urer from 1665 till his resignation in 1683, the year before he died, at the age of eighty-three years.

aid in support of a minister, and received from him the assurance that the society would appropriate to this object one hundred dollars annually. The continued interest of Mr. K. in this parish was shown by the action of his society, in j^resenting to it, at his suggestion, in 1848, for its present church edifice, the bell which had formerly hung in the steeple of the old meeting-house in Ipswich. In 1860 the church had increased from two in 1819 to seventy. A bequest of $7000, by John Perley, Esq., of Georgetown, has enabled it to secure the services of a regularly settled minister, and it is in a prosperous condition.

Publicatioyis. - While the modesty of Mr. Kimball was such as to prevent him committing to the press the earlier productions of his pen, copies of which had in several instances been requested, and among them an oration delivered in Andover, July 4, 1804 ; an addresss on education in Bradford Academy, 1805; a sermon on peace in Ipswich, July 4, 1817 ; and while he declined similar requests in later years, he was the author of sixteen published discourses, which were regarded as valuable contributions to the religious literature of the day, - noticeably, a sermon bel'ore the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge, in Park Street Church, Boston, 1821 ; a Sketch of the Ecclesiastical History of Ipswich, 1821; a Centennial Discourse before the First Church and Congregation in Ipswich, August 10, 1834, two hundred years after the gathering of that church; a sermon on the Utility of a Permanent Ministry, 1839; The Last Sermon in the Ancient Meeting-House of the First Parish in Ipswich, February 22, 1846 ; the First Sermon in the New Meeting-house of that Parish, February 4, 1847: a Discourse on the Fiftieth Anniversary of his Ordination, October 8, 1856. He also furnished many miscellaneous articles to secular and religious magazines and papers.

Hospitality. - His house was the seat of a generous hospitality. He followed the injunction of St. Paul, " Be not forgetful to entertain strangers," many of whom he cordially received. B'or most of the time from his settlement to the completion of the Eastern Railroad, his company, in addition to that of particular friends, averaged not less than one person for the whole time, and one horse in the stable. It was not uncommon for strangers passing through the town by stage to come directly to his house to dine, while their companions were being entertained at the public-house.

Revivals- - There were several interesting religious awakenings during his ministry. As the fruit of which there were received into the church in 1808, 16; in 1820, 13; in 1825-26, 35; in 1829, 88; in 1830, 22; in 1838, 16; in 1849-50, 45; an aggregate of 235. " In such seasons of merciful visitations," said Rev. Mr. Fitz in his sermon at the funeral of Mr. K., " he spared not himself, multiplying his meetings and going from house to house to preach repentance, to offer to the inquiring sinner an Almighty Saviour, and to implore, on behalf of every household, the influences of the Holy Spirit."

On July 24, 1851, he withdrew from the active duties of the pastoral office, which he had filled with distinguished ability and faithfulness, and became pastor emeritus. After his retirement he preached in various places, and continued to do so till the time of his death, '' being never so happy," to use his own words, as " when engaged in this delightful employment." As he drew near " the shining-shore," he must have found comfort in the thought, that by God's blessing, the church, which at his ordination consisted of but fifty-three members, had been quadrupled under his ministry.

The great aim which Mr. Kimball seems ever to have had in view was usefulness. He lived to do good ; and although it cannot be said of him, or of any man that ever lived, that he made no mistake in the devising or the carrying out of his plans, yet no one could question the- purity of his motives or the integrity of his acts. If he possessed little of what is called genius, he had two of the greatest of all possessions, diligence and perseverance; if not a man of profound erudition, his requirements were more than respectable. He was a careful and cautious thinker, an accomplished writer, an accurate scholar, a forcible and instructive preacher. In every department of duty he was diligent, prompt and faithful, deeply interested in all the philanthropic movements of the day, and zealous for the Lord of Hosts, - a consecrated champion of Christian truth. And having lived a life of faith and obedience, he died the death of the righteous.

His last sickness, pneumonia, was short, but very painful. As he drew near the river's brink, and some thought he had passed over, he revived and exclaimed, " The gates of the New Jerusalem are opening ; " and after a pause, " I see within the city." He then took affectionate leave of his family, and breathing benedictions on his people, for whom his last audible prayer was offered, he fell asleep. There was no pang in the dying hour. *At the moment of the soul's departure, according to the testimony of his daughter, Mary, there came to his lips a smile of ineffable beauty, and there it remained till he was buried out of sight, never more to be seen till the morning of the resurrection.

The citizens of the town exhibited the most profound respect for the deceased pastor. A man of spotless character, he was universally beloved. From the time the intelligence of his illness spread through the community till his burial the house was thronged. Many children came to see the face of him they loved. At twelve o'clock of the day following his death, all the bells in the town tolled in concert. At his funeral all classes pressed to show their love and express their grief. The people of Ipswich without distinction of sect or party, formed a most honorable procession and accompanied the remains to the appointed place of burial. He was greatly honored in his death. Many clergymen and distinguished laymen from abroad were present at his funeral. Through the kindness and generosity of his nearest neighbor and ever constant friend, Deacon Aaron Cogswell, an eligible burial spot was secured for him and his family, near the centre of the ancient cemetery in High Street, where he reposes in the midst of a thousand of ihe people of his charge, and where the sun smiles upon his rest as his Heavenly Father smiled upon his departing spirit.

Edward P. Kimball, son of Hon. Charles Kimball, was born March 22, 1836. Acquiring the rudiments of his education at the common schools of the town and at the old High School, he finished his course there at a time when there sprang up among the young men of the place quite an enthusiastic desire to fit and enter college, and he was one of a class of several who. with that end in view, recited their Latin and Greek before breakfast at an early morning hour to Rev. John P. Cowles, then principal of the Ipswich Female Seminary. Continuing under Mr. Cowles' instruction for a year, he completed his preparation for college at Thetford Academy, Thetford, Vt., and at the Williston Seminary, Easthampton, Mass., and in the autumn of 1852 entered the Freshman Class of Amherst College. Remaining there two years, he was obliged to leave on account of ill health, and staying out a year, entered the Junior Class at Williams College, where he graduated in 1857. The late ex-President Garfield was then a member of Williams, and rooming near him, he there made his acquaintance, as well as that of other men afterwards distinguished in public life and in the various professions. After graduating, he taught in the Shippensburg Collegiate Institute at Shippensburg, Pa., practically having charge of the school.

In 1858 he entered upon the study of the law in the office of Hon. Otis P. Lord at Salem, remaining there till Judge Lord took his seat upon the bench, and then completing his studies in the ofliQC of his father, he was, in 1861, admitted to the bar. He practiced his profession in Ipswich for a few years, and afterwards in Gloucester, and then associated himself with his father in business at Salem, and continued it after his father's decease until, in October, 1886, he assumed the duties of postmaster of Ipswich under appointment from President Cleveland. Mr. Kimball has held various public offices, having served upon the school committee of Ipswich for six years, and as selectman of the town for two years, besides being candidate for the House of Representatives and State Senate, failing of election only because his party were in the minority. He has always taken a great interest in music, is a fine bass singer, has given instruction in vocal music, and was leader of the South Church choir for eighteen years. Mr. Kimball was married in 1867 to Sarah M. Kimball, daughter of Rev. Reuben Kimball, of North Conway, N. H., and has four children, - two sons and two daughters. Mrs. Kimball is a lady of intelligence, of a bright, cheerful and sunny disposition, remarkably conscientious, interested in every good work, devoted to her family and a leader in the affairs of church and society which come within the sphere of woman's activities.

It is interesting to notice in families the peculiar traits that descend from father to son, and in Mr. Kimball's case they are especially noticeable.

He has inherited from his father, and possesses in a remarkable degree, a spirit of thoroughness in everything which he undertakes. There is nothing so abhorrent to him as the disposition sometimes displayed of an arrogant, dogmatic assertion as facts of things of which the speaker is profoundly ignorant. Indeed, his exceeding caution in this respect may have sometimes worked to his disadvantage in giving him an appearance of hesitation, betokening ignorance of subjects on which he was really better informed than more flippant and showy, but at the same time more superficial, thinkers.

In manner and deportment he is unassuming. His natural reserve has sometimes given the impression of haughtiness, but this is an erroneous view of his temperament.

Though dignified in bearing, he is not distant. He has a quick perception of the humorous. His opinion and judgment are often sought in questions of disjiute.

In matters pertaining to the welfare of the town he is deeply interested, and takes pride in her grand historic past and its present growth and prosperity.

In the preparation of legal papers and in advising upon legal subjects, this mental quality of his conspicuously appears, so that whatever is said or done by him can be depended upon without hesitation, subject only to such qualifications as he expressly lays down. Weighing well a subject, and coming slowly and carefully to a conclusion, we cannot wonder that his opinions, once formed, are held with great tenacity ; but no one, however much he may differ himself from his views, can but respect the deliberate and careful way in which his judgment is made up or the conscientious fiiirness and candor with which his views are entertained. At the same time tolerant and deferential to those who are constrained to disagree with him, it is not strange that he commands the undivided respect and esteem of the entire comunity in which he dwells.

The Fitz family ranks among the very early Puritan families of New England. Its first Anglo-American ancestor was Robert Fitz. He was born in 1617, and came to this country from Fitz Ford or its vicinity, near Tavistock, in the county of Devonshire, England, as early, certainly, as 1640. Mrs. Bray has directed attention to this locality by making it the scene of her novel entitled "Fitz of Fitz-Ford." She says of it, in the introduction to her book :

"To the west of the town, by the side of the new road to Plymouth, stand the ruins of the gate- way of Fitz-ford, which, except an old barn, is all that now remains of the mansion and olBces of the family of Fitz. This gate-way is spacious, and the label ornaments of its architecture proclaim it to be a structure of the time of Henry the Seventh. Such portions of the carving as appear through the ivy, with which it is amply hung, are well sculptured ; and the whole might form an interesting subject for the pencil of a Harding or a Prout. The ancient mansion of Fitz-ford, that once stood in an open court beyond this gate-house, was many years since pulled down, and the materials used to erect the present market-house in the town."

There is a tradition that Robert Fitz was at Ipswich in 1635. The most prominent member of his family at the time of his emigration was Sir John Fitz, a London barrister of position and wealth, whose country seat was upon the bank of the river Tavy on the west side of Tavistock as above stated by Mrs. Bray.

Robert Fitz is said to have been induced to leave his native land by the discomforts to which he was subjected on account of his Puritan principles. Whether he was at Ipswich, in 1635, or not, it is certain that he and his wife Grace D. were among the original settlers of Salisbury, in 1640. From that time the genealogy of his descendants has been carefully preserved.

Rev. Daniel Fitz belonged to the seventh generation of his family in this country, and his ancestry may be traced back in unbroken line through Samuel Currier, of Derry, of the sixth generation ; Daniel, of Sandown, N. H., of the fifth ; Richard, of South Hampton. N. H., of the fourth ; Richard, of Salisbury, of the third ; Abraham, of Ipswich, of the second ; and Robert, of Salisbury, the Anglo-American head.

He was the second child and oldest son of Samuel Currier Fitz, above named, and of Sarah George Fitz. He was born at Sandown, N. IL, May 28, 1795, and in early childhood accompanied his parents ujjon their removal to Derry, where they ever afterwards lived. He graduated in 1818 at Dartmouth College, then under the presidency of Dr. Francis Brown, and just emerging from its great controversy, finally settled by the Supreme Court of the United States, and since famous as the Dartmouth College case. His class numbered twenty-eight, some of whom subsequently attained positions of eminence. Among these were Prof. George Bush, D.D., of New York Univeri By Joseph B. Walker.

Upon leaving college, Mr. Fitz devoted himself to teaching for a while, as thousands of other New England students before and since have done. By this means he strengthened his resources, both mental and financial, the first by a review of former studies, and the latter by the moderate compensation then allowed for such work. For a single term he was assistant teacher of Pinkerton Academy, established but a few years before in his town of Derry. Soon afterwards, Salisbury, N. H., Academy, then in its palmy days, offered him its principalsliip, which he accepted and continued to hold for some two years, until he was called to assume that of the Academy at Marblehead in which he continued for about a year and a half.

The objects sought by teaching having been attained, he entered Andover Theological Seminary in 1822, there to prosecute the studies which were to prepare him for the work of his chosen profession, under a corps of stalwart theologians, prominent among whom were Dr. Leonard Woods and Dr. Moses Stuart. It was near the close of the period of the great warfare waged by the theological Titans of New England ; a fierce warfare in which no quarter was asked or given by either party, but which, like most religious controversies, was most effective in confirming the combatants in their own cherished views. As was most natural, Mr. Fitz accepted the doctrines of his teachers. These, with slight modifications, he held throughout his whole subsequent life.

Mr. Fitz completed the prescribed course of study, and graduated in 1825. At this time, the health of the venerable Dr. Joseph Dana, who had been in continuous service as pastor of the South Congregational Church, of Ipswich, for sixty-one years, had become impaired by age, and he was wanting a colleague. The position was offered by the church and society to Mr. Fitz, and he accepted it. On the 26th day of June of the next year he was ordained and installed as associate pastor.

The services of this occasion were held in the ancient meeting-house of the society, which stood near the location of the present house, by which it was superseded in the year 1837. The clergymen who took part in the exercises were well known in their day and have been favorably remembered ever since. The ordination sermon was by the Rev. Daniel Dana, D.D., of Newburyport, a son of the senior pastor. His text was the 26th verse of the 20th chapter of Acts. The installing prayer was by Rev. Robert Crowell, of Essex ; the prayer of consecration by Rev. Samuel Dana; the concluding prayer by the Rev. Joseph B. Felt, of Ipswich; the address to the church and society by the Rev. Edward L. Parker, of Londonderry, N. H., the home pastor of Mr. Fitz ; the right hand of fellowship by Rev. David T. Kimball of the First Congregational Church of Ipswich, and the charge to his young brother, by the senior pastor. The church had not had an ordination before for two generations, and the occasion was as interesting as it was solemn.

There occur in human life periods of intense interest which exact approbation and move the heart. It is a glorious hour when the soldier, in unselfish defense of his country, buckles on his harness and hies to scenes of peril. So is it when a venerable and able statesman, as regardless of the opposition of rank and numbers as of his own comfort, raises his voice in the parliament house of his nation in aid of the helpless, and spends his last strength in a desperate struggle for right, conscious the while that his tongue will be dumb in death when the pjean of victory is sounded. We follow with bated breath and admiration the modest figure of a Florence Nightingale as it moves noiselessly at midnight through dimly lighted hospital wards, now pausing to moisten the parched lips of the suffering, and anon to gently close the eyelids of the recent dead.

But a nobler than any of these is the sight of a young man, of clean hands and a pure heart, coming to God's altar for solemn consecration of himself to his chosen life-work of aiding his fellows in their efforts for delivery from the curse of sin. The warrior, the statesman, the philanthropist minister to social and physical needs, which are temporal ; the priest at God's altar to spiritual wants which are eternal.

At the time of his ordination, Mr. Fitz was thirtyone years of age, in vigorous health and possessed of a sound mind in a sound body. His figure was of medium height, compact and firm. His complexion was dark, and his hair, which inclined to curl, was as black as the raven's wing. His eyes of a hue similar to that of his hair were soft and gave to his face when in repose a mild expression, which changed immediately to one of great earnestness when his mind was roused. He was of graceful manners, and easily and equally accessible to persons of all conditions. His mind, which was strong and well-balanced, working actively and incisively, reached correct conclusions, partly by reason and partly by instinct. His imagination, which was quick and enhanced the interest of his utterances, was kept in subjection to a calm judgment which rarely led him wrong. His quick sympathies made him appreciative of the real character of the person with whom he had to do, and protected him from the impositions to which a miaister is often exposed. While naturally inclined to be much guided in his opinion by an abounding charity, he intuitively tempered these by a clear insight into the motive which underlaid proffered professions.

By descent Mr. Fitz was a Puritan. As above stated, the emigration of his Anglo-American ancestor, Robert Fitz, was due to his Puritan principles. Spiritual constraints, rather than physical discomforts, prompted this. In the latter respect he was no gainer by leaving home. No part of England possessed greater attractions than the one he abandoned. Devonshire, the " Emerald County,'' was a county of small farms, of pastures and cattle and dairies ; of numerous streams and water-powers and forests. It possessed a fair soil and a good climate. It was near to the sea, and ever open to the southwest winds which floated over it continually, freighted with the mild winds and moisture of the gulf stream just before it loses itself in the Bay of Biscay - tho?e winds which are a benediction to some of the southern counties of England ; securing to them perpetual mildness of climate and a verdure unsurpassed.

The transition from which such a land to one upon which the Arctic current breathed even in summer, as yet in possession of savages and a wilderness, was as disheartening as it was marked. But great moral purposes afford a sustaining power which regards but little, either, hardship or danger or even death itself. So the Puritan left his old home and religious constraint upon the Tavy for a new one and freedom, three thousand miles away upon the bank of the Merrimac.

All the way down the succeeding generations of his family, we find apparent strong religious traits of character. Sarah Thorne Fitz, the great-great-grandmother of the subject of this sketch, displayed these in a very marked degree. She was a mtmber of the first Ipswich Church, but lived in Salisbury, sixteen miles away. Tradition says that to enjoy its Sunday worship, she was accustomed at times, to rise very early in the morning, and, having milked her cows, to paddle across the Merrimac River to Newbury, whence she went on foot to Ipswich, arriving in season for the morning service. This journey was reversed in the afternoon and finished in season for the evening milking.

To anticipate a little, for the sake of convenience, it may be here said in regard to some of the religious opinions which he held in mature life, that Mr. Fitz received his theological training at Andover Theloogical Seminary, under the distinguished professors who had raised it to an eminent power in the land. He then accepted and ever held the doctrines there taught, which were in full accord with the orthodox branch of the Christiau Church. But while he received these and held them firmly, he held them broadly. He had little sympathy with narrow interpretations of great truths, and was free from the uncharitableness which comes from the magnifying of minor points. While as a Calvinist he adopted Calvin's views, he yet took them with such modifications as more quiet times and a wider learning had suggested. But the deep, underlying foundation of his religious faith was the gospel of Jesus Christ. This he read and pondered all his life, and upon this rested his belief that the Son of God had made provision for the salvation of all and not for that of an elect few only. Hence, he urged all men to repent,

He had little taste for polemical divinity, not very much for metaphysics, by which almost anything can be proved, and no admiration whatever for hair-splitting theorists. As was usual in his day, he preached doctrinal sermons from time to time for the instruction of his people, but with an unfeigned respect for the views of others from whom he differed upon unessential points. Both the conservative bent of his mind and his wide knowledge of mankind, led him naturally to this, as well as a native courtesy which never forsook him. But this was not the courtesy which weakness or timiditj'^ engenders. Fear was an emotion to which he was a stranger. If attacked, he was always ready to encounter heavy blows, and return them if necessary, not, however, from any love of contest, but from loyalty to what he deemed the right. Consequently, like most peace-loving men of like character, he was very rarely assailed.

Such was the ancestry, bent and religious training of the young minister, who, on the 26th day of June, 1826, stood upon the threshold of his career, gazing into a future which his dark eye could not penetrate, with faith and a hearty submission to the will of him to whom he had consecrated his every power.

But, he was not to go on far alone. Protestantism has never favored the celibacy of its clergy. It has rather made prominent the injunction of the great apostle that, "A bishop must be the husband of one wife." Mr. Fitz's parishioners could not consent that he should serve them unaided, and his own loving nature was in accord with their wishes.

The writer of this memorial sketch would be unworthy of his delicate trust, if he omitted a passing tribute to the gifted woman who soon after the pastor's installation became his wife. She was the oldest daughter of the Rev. Moses Sawyer, of Henniker, N. H., who, for nearly twenty-four years, had been the faithful pastor of the Congregational Church of that town, where she was born on the 8th day of May, 1804, and subsequently reared, amid the duties of a country ministerial life.

We omit all record of her earlier years, except to note that she received her higher education partly at Byfield Academy, then in charge of Rev. Joseph Emerson, and partly at Derry Female Academy, of which Miss Grant and Mary Lyon were the instructors.

After her graduation, she was herself a teacher until her marriage to Mr. Fitz, on the 5th day of September, 1826, transferred her from a New Hampshire School to a Massachusetts parsonage.

Mrs. Fitz brought to her new home a thorough knowledge of a New England pastor's wife. This she had acquired in the best of all schools, that of experience ; and, from the lips and lives of the best of all teachers, those of her father and mother.

been enhanced in power by thorough training. She naturally took broad views of a subject, and had a ready insight to its vital points. Having the rare power to divest herself of all personal predilections, when her opinion was asked, and to look disinterestedly at the matter under consideration from all sides, she almost uniformly reached correct conclusions. She had common sense - the gift of God - in large measure. Courage she also had, and was undaunted in the presence of obstacles. Possessing executive and organizing ability, she was naturally a leader in her husband's parish ; not from choice, but from the demands of her position and of her associates. Skillful was she in dissipating the apathies and in allaying the various frictions, not unfrequently present in society work ; mingling love with energy and intuitively comprehending the various forces operating to advance or retard its progress.

Besides these qualities, the power of which time and experience greatly enhanced, to Mrs. Fitz was given great sweetness of disposition and marked comeliness of person. Natural grace of manner, and a charming affability, founded upon innate modesty and brilliancy of intellect, combined to give her presence an unusual attractiveness. Both at home and in society, these marked characteristics secured to her the popularity which usually attends upon the gifted and the good.

She was always accessible to all who would approach her. To the burdened soul which, in it^ perplexity confidentially sought her advice, she gave wise counsel mingled with the most delicate sympathy. The giddy and the wayward were rebuked so lovingly that they blessed in very gratitude the hand which chastened them. Her ministrations to the sick were abundant, and in her presence there was healing.

At the general assemblages at the parsonage from time to time, she dispensed hospitality mingled with grace and seasoned with love. The kindly glances of her dark eyes and the graceful pose of her attractive figure increased the fascination of her conversation. It was natural for her to be agreeable, and she knew not how to be otherwise. Indeed, Madame Recamier, in her splendid salon, surrounded by the beauty and talent of the French capital, never presided with more grace and sweetness than did she on those simple occasions. We must not be surprised, therefore, at the remark of one who knew her well, " She had never a peer in Ipswich."

For nearly forty years Mrs. Fitz discharged with great ability the double duties which she had assumed with her marriage ring. She was faithful to her family, and faithful to her husband's people, and when, in January, 1862, her pure spirit rose to companionship with "the just made perfect," and her mortal remains were lowered tenderly to their last rest, hot tears fell upon the cold ground, and hearts ached with a sorrow as lasting as lite.

In about a year after his settlement, the death of Dr. Dana left Mr. Fitz sole pastor of his church and society. He accepted willingly the increase of labor which this event devolved upon him. He was fortunate in his people who were reasonable, peaceful and intelligent. Part of them resided in the village, and a part upon some of the hay farms for which Ipswich is so celebrated. They were not rich, yet poverty was unknown to them. They were blessed with that golden mean of life's condition for which the Hebrew sage so wisely besought his God.

With the acres of their forefathers, they had inherited the traditions of two hundred years or more. These were influencing and moulding their characters constantly. The generations of many of the families of Mr. Fitz's parish went back in unbroken succession to the foundation of the town. They were good old English stock, with hearts of oak; stock which had been improved by transplanting, and grew better continually. They were a people who feared God, and respected every man entitled to respect. No where outside of New England can such a community be found, a happy society of villagers and farmers which had flourished for two hundred years, without deterioration, upon a fertile tract of coast land, with three thousand miles of ocean in front of them, and three thousand miles of continent behind them. The ocean was, and had ever been, a blank. Over the continent the waves of new populations had been advancing continually, a hundred miles each decade, to meet ere long the great Pacific Sea, whose eastern billows wash the Occident, and whose western breakers dash upon the shore of the orient. Yet the Ipswich farms were to change only to increased productiveness, and the village to wider borders and greater beauty.

Among this people Mr. Fitz went in and out, a welcome visitor at every house. He had come among them to stay. For better or worse they had taken him and he them, and the bond which united both in one was to endure as long as he lived. He soon learned their habits of life and thought, and so adjusted his ways to theirs, that he came into their sympathies and gained their confidence and love. Indeed, one of the most beautiful characteristics of his pastorate was the mutual affection and respect which ever existed between him and the people of his charge.

In labors for their good he abounded. He preached a carefully-written sermon the forenoon and afternoon of every Sunday, and conducted a less formal meeting for conference and prayer in the evening. Besides these, he held frequent week-day meetings in the rural parts of his parish, and for many years, as chaplain of the county almshcuise, held there a Sunday morning service. Yet his strength failed not, and he never grew weary in his work. He had scarcely a vacation in all his life. His chief recreation was in the variation of his daily duties.

In his pulpit, his full figure clothed with scrupulous neatness, his dark eye and fine face enhanced the effect of his ministrations. His manner was simple and reverential. He never assumed familiarity with the Deity, but seemed to feel that it was a solemn thing to minister at God's altar, and to be deeply sensible of the responsibility of standing between Him and those he sought to aid.

His sermons were logical, lucid, earnest, practical. He drew his illustrations largely from sacred history. Whatever the subject discussed, the application was close and personal to every heart. The commonest individual could understand his message and retain in mind the truths uttered in his hearing. He was always animated, and at times eloquent. His prayers, which were filial, earnest and expectant, were prompted by his nice appreciation of the wants of those for whom he plead. He had a strong, clear, flexible voice, and so read the sacred scriptures that his simple reading became a luminous commentary to those who listened.

He could hardly be called a literary man ; yet a perusal of some of his written sermons proves that he wielded a pen of much ability, evidently writing with fluency, and always with clearness and vigor. His reading was more extensive than that of the average minister of his time. Some of his discourses on special occasions, which have been published, and are models of their kind, afford evidence of the possession by their author of broad views and a well-trained mind. But his regular clerical duties absorbed his time, and to these he gave his strength.

Dr. Fitz understood perfectly the character of all his people, and how to influence them for good. Indeed, he measured their several capacities for excellence, and was reasonable in his expectations and patient. He attempted the possible only, but never sought the manifestly unattainable. Like all active clergymen, his course was at times through channels narrow and devious, with Scylla on one side and Charybdis on the other ; yet he was never wrecked on either shore. An amusing incident, which occurred one Sunday morning during our late war, will illustrate his skill on such occasions. His people were divided in their sympathies for the two contending parties. As he was going out of church at the close of the service, a good deacon of democratic proclivities whispered sternly in his ear: "You were altogether too outspoken, sir, in your prayer this morning; your plainness of speech will give just offense." Farther down the aisle he encountered a second official of the same grade, who also whispered, as he passed him, " Too lukewarm, sir, too lukewarm, you didn't come come up to the mark." These conflicting assurances which offset one another, we;e answered by a silent smile, and in a few days both his friends were complaisant again.

Dr. Fitz mingled little in civil affairs, and probably never held a political office in all his life. But he took a deep interest in the general welfare, and with unostentatious independence exercised his rights of citizenship. He rejoiced in the prosperity of his townsmen, and was always ready to aid, as he could, in the promotion of their interests. He did much for the improvement of the schools of Ipswich, and to the furtherance of all useful local enterprises, he never declined to lend a willing hand.

He possessed courage, and was rarely disheartened. But his was a courage based upon knowledge, guided by wisdom and sustained by activity. He believed that the realization of faith came from persistent effort, and that all hopes of success without this were vain.

But the most marked trait in his character was his abounding love for all mankind. It was the dominant quality of his nature. His appeals in behalf of the effete nations of the East manifested it, and this prompted his earnest calls in aid of the missionaries upon our Western frontier ; thus laboring to mould into homogeneity and elevate to a higher manhood the discordant i^opulations which have come to us from the nations beyond the sea. Everything which promised highest good to his fellow-men commanded at once his interest.

Particularly strong was his love for children, who, apprized of this by their unerring instincts, returned it in full measure. With their love they mingled respect, but never fear. Sober Ipswich never enjoyed a more charming sight than that of the sleigh of the good doctor, when carrying his children to their school, into which others had climbed, and piled one upon another, until it was full, and more than full. As he sped along as best he could, buried in this living load of clamorous joy, no heart beat happier than his own. Was all this a little thing and unimportant? It was a significant one, and thoughtful observers saw more than the animated pile, and remembered that childhood would soon grow to youth, and youth in a short time change to maturity, but, that the love then engendered would never grow cold, and the good counsels which it enfolded would never be forgotten.

It was his invariable custom when driving upon the road to invite any chance footman he might overtake to a seat in his carriage. One of his daughters has remarked that, when riding with her father, and up almost to the time when she considered herself a young lady, she had repeatedly been asked to sit in his lap to make room for some wayfarer whom he had never seen before and was most likely to never see again.

The soiled tramp who called at his door, ragged and redolent perhaps of whiskey, was always treated with kindness. He bore God's image upon his face, and that must be respected.

The ministry of Dr. Fitz was a successful one. His active pastorate lasted forty-one years. He and his predecessor. Dr. Joseph Dana, were the sole pastors of the church for a continuous period of one hundred and two years, a fact not easily paralleled. The records show that at the time of his settlement, its members numbered fifty-four and that three hundred and thirteen joined it while he held the sacred office. But the most important acts of his pastorate were not recorded upon the register of the church, but the hearts of his people, to be read only by the eye of Omniscience.

It was impossible that such a life, identified with all that was best in Ipswich, and flowing on for nearly half a century in a channel ever widening and ever deepening, should fail to be a power for good. It was impossible that its beneficent fame and influence should be restricted to the scene of its own labors. As the decades came in and went out, one after another. Dr. Fitz became more and more widely known. Neighboring parishes in their perplexities sought his counsel. To pulpits more , important than his own, he was invited for exchanges of ministrations. In 1862 his Alma Mater, in recognition of his merit, conferred upon him a degree of Doctor of Divinity. He rose into high esteem among his brethren in the ministry, and became at length an honored father in their midst.

But his heart of hearts remained where it had ever been, and clung closest to the people he was ordained to serve. His settlement had been for life. With the union then formed both parties were satisfied, and never wished it sundered. So it continued on until his strong arm began to weaken, and physical infirmity compelled a surrender of his sacred trust. In 1867 he resigned the active duties of his ministry. For two years longer, in declining health, he went about among those he had loved so long, until, on the second day of September, 1869, "he was not; for God took him." His manly form was laid before the altar at which he had ministered, and his friend, Dr. Pike, of Rowley, comforted as well as he could the sad hearts which had gathered around. From the church it was borne to the cemetery near by, and laid to sleep in the company of dear ones gone on before, - there to rest until "this mortal shall have put on immortality, and Death is swallowed up in victory."

General James Appleton

Among those who have done good and signal service in the cause of temperance, the name of the late James Appleton, of Massachusetts, should be held most gratefully and most tenaciously in remembrance by all who have faith in the expediency and the necessity of a prohibitory liquor law. It was he who first publicly maintained - as most, if not all, who believe in total abstinence now maintain is the logical outcome of the temperance movement - that legislation has nothing whatever to do with moral evil except to aim at its complete suppression. If this is to be the legislative policy of the future as to the traffic in intoxicating drinks, as it already is that of several of the States, it is interesting to trace that policy to its source, and to learn something of the man who first promulgated it.

James Appleton was born in 1786 on the farm in Ipswich, Mass., granted to his ancestor, Samuel Appleton, in 1636; to this home he returned in his old age, when the work of his life was finished, and there he died in 1862. For many years his home was in the neighboring town of Marblehead, and for twenty years, from 1833 to 1853, he resided in Portland, Me. But wherever he lived he was known and esteemed for his interest and energy in public affairs, and was looked up to as a born leader of men. Though a Federalist in politics, he gave his services, as a colonel of a regiment, to his country when it became involved in a second war with England in 1812. Those old enough to remember the earlier days of the antislavery movement, if they know anything about it or those engaged in it, will recall the name of General Appleton as con.'spicuous in that little band of men and women, who, like their great leader, would not equivocate, who would not retreat a single inch, who would be heard and who were not afraid. Nor was he less earnest in upholding the saving grace of total abstinence from all intoxicating drinks; but that doctrine, even half a century ago, had so grown into popular favor that the most zealous on its behalf were not easily distinguished in the multitude of its apostles, nor has the memory of them been so carefully preserved.

But it was James Appleton, as chairman of a legislative committee to which had been referred a petition in regard to the license laws of Maine, made a report, herewith published, which would in time be recognized as the beginning of a new and auspicious era in the temjjerance reform. Its argument was that inasmuch as "it is now ascertained, not only that the traffic is attended with most appalling evils to the community, but that ardent spirit is entirely useless - that it is an unmitigated evil," the committee, therefore, were " not only of opinion that the law giving the right to sell ardent spirits should be repealed, but that a law should be passed to prohibit the traffic in them, except so far as the arts or the practice of medicine may be concerned."