Leicester Town (part 6 of 6)

In 1855 he returned to Leicester for rest and the confirmation of his health, and passed several years on the homestead of his grandfather, Robert Earle near Mulberry Grove (now called "Earle Ridge") During this time, however, he spent the winters of 1862-63 and 1863-64 in the care of the insane soldiers of the army and navy, at the Government Hospital for the Insane near Washington, D. C, of which his former pupil. Dr. Charles H. Nichols, was superintendent. He also wrote for the medical periodicals, and acted as an expert in the trials of several important cases involving the question of insanity before the legal tribunals of Massachusetts and the adjoining States.

It was in these years of comparative rest that he rendered the town essential service as a member of the School Committee. In this relation the writer, together with Dr. J. N. Murdock, was associated with him. In this period the public schools were subjected to a thorough reorganization, and new and more practical methods of instruction were introduced. In these services Dr. Earle exhibited the same executive force, the same mastery of details, the same practical wisdom, the same contempt of shams and ability to puncture them, and the same personal integrity and demand for strict uprightness and fidelity in those who were under his supervision, which characterized his administration of the institution in Northampton, of which he was afterward the head. In one respect he was in advance of the time. He came early to appreciate the importance of objective illustration, and the practical application of school instruction. He required pupils to use books only as instructors, and to know things and not mere words.

Without seeking the position, he was appointed superintendent of the State Lunatic Hospital at Northampton, Mass., July 2, 1864, and held the office twenty-one years and three months, resigning it October 1, 1885. He made that hospital in many respects a model institution for the insane ; and its trustees, in the resolutions passed at the time of their acceptance of his resignation, expressed as follows not only their own conviction, but the general judgment with reference to the value of his administration : " In its management he has combined the highest professional skill and acquirement with rare executive ability. By his patient attention to details, by his wisdom and firmness, his absolute fidelity to duty and devotion to the interests of the hospital, he has rendered invaluable service to the in«titution, and to the community which it serves." They also express the hope that " he will continue to make his home in the institution.

that they may continue to profit by his counsels ; and they will provide that his rooms shall alwiiys be open and ready for his use." This offer Mr. Earle accepted, although his summers have been spent at Mulberry Grove.

The Northampton Hospital had been erected in opposition to a widely prevalent opinion that it was not, and never could be, needed, - an opinion which delayed its construction, made the obtaining of appropriations very difHcult, and finally compelled the trustees to put it in operation in a very incomplete condition, internally. The Civil War had tended to restrict the price of board for public patients to a very low limit, and in 1864, when Dr. Earle took charge of it, it had never paid its current expenses. He immediately addressed himself to the task of making it not only a first-class curative institution, but a selfsupporting one as well. He purchased supplies at wholesale and in open market. He reorganized and reduced to a very complete system all the departments - domestic, economical, financial and medical - with checks and counter-checks for the detection of loss, or of waste by carelessness, as well as for the exposure of unfaithfulness in the discharge of duty toward the patients, or in other respects. The so-called "moral treatment" of the patients was amplified, made more diversified, and extended over a greater portion of the year than in any other American hospital.

The pecuniary results of this system were the payment of current expenses io the second year, and, during the whole period of Dr. Earle's service, the purchase of land at a cost of over twenty-five thousand dollars ; the payment for all ordinary repairs, and over one hundred and seventy-three thousand dollars for buildings and other improvements, and an increase in cash assets and provisions and supplies of over forty-three thousand dollars, all of which became, of course, the property of the State, without any assistance from the State. The results as productive of an improved curative institution, being less tangible, cannot well be illustrated, but, as reflected in current public opinion, they were equally succetsful.

The importance of occupation for the insane was early recognized by Dr. Earle, and it has nowhere in New England been practically applied to a greater extent than at Northampton. As early as 1870 it was estimated that not less than two-thirds of the manual labor necessary to the running of the hospital was performed by patients.

Believing that a large part of the excessive cost of such hospitals as that at Dauvers adds nothing to the curative capability of the institutions, Dr. Earle condemned such expenditure as unwise political economy, ostentatious charity and gross injustice to the payer of taxes.

Dr. Earle has been instrumental in introducing important changes in the treatment of the insane. In 1845 he established a school for the patients in the men's department of the Bloomingdale Asylum, and this was continued for two years. As early as 1840, while in the Frankford Asylum, he gave illustrated lectures on physics to the inmates. "This was the first known attempt to address an audience of the insane in any discourse other than a sermon, and has led to that system of entertainments for the patients now considered indispensable in a first-class hospital." At Northampton he gave a great variety of lectures, upon miscellaneous subjects. One course of six lectures was upon diseases of the brain, which are accompanied with mental disorder. The average number of patients who attended them was two hundred and fifty-six. " This is the first time,'' he says in his annual report, "that an audience of insane persons ever listened to a discourse on their own malady." His observation of the effect on the audience was not unlike that of other preachers. If the listeners were slow to take the application to themselves, they were quite ready to appropriate it " to their neighbors." He also secured lectures and entertainments from other sources, and provided amusements in which the inmates participated.

Dr. Earle is the author of many papers upon insanity and other subjects, which have been published in the Jotirnal of Insanity, the American Journal of the Medical Sciences, etc. Some of these have been issued in pamphlet form. He anticipated by many years the valuable treatise of Dr. B. Jay Jeffries, in a paper on "The Inability to Distinguish Colors." His twenty-two reports of the Northampton Hospital are classics in the literature of mental disease. By a combination of causes the public, so far as they knew or cared about the subject, had come to the belief that from seventy-five to ninety per cent, of the insane can be cured at the hospital. Dr. Earle became convinced of the erroneousness of this belief, and was the first hospital superintendent who combated it. His researches upon the subject extended over a series of years, were embodied in his annual reports, and at length in 1887 collected and published by the J. B. Lippincott Company, in a book entitled " The Curability of Insanity."

The doctor showed that one causeof the false opinion in regard to curability was the reporting of repeated recoveriesof the same person, in paroxysmal insanity. One patient was reported cured six times in one year, another seven times, a third sixteen times in three years, and a fourth forty-six times in the course of her life, and she finally died a raving maniac in one of the hospitals. Judging from the results of the doctor's researches, not one-third of the persons admitted to the Massachusetts insane hospitals have been permanently cured.

Of his work on The Curability of Insanity a reviewer writes : " This book may mark an epoch in the literature of insanity, since it has changed the whole front of that literature, and set in motion investigating forces which will carry out its main doc-

He wrote the article on insanity in the United States (Census of 1860, and about ninety articles of reviews and bibligraphical notices of insane hospital reports and other publications on mental disorders, whicli ai)peared in the Aiiii'ricdit Journal of Medical Science between the years 1841 and 1870.

In a third visit to Europe, in 1871, he visited fortysix institutions for the insane in Ireland, Austria, Italy and intervening countries. His several foreign tours gave him opjxjrtunity to form the acquaintance and enjoy the hospitality of many professional, philanthropic and literary people; he was well acquainted with Elizabeth Frye, knew tlie poet,- Samuel Rogers, and, at their homes and tables, met socially the Flowitts and Charles Dickens. He also cherishes pleasant memories of American missionaries in the Levant iifty years ago; of Kev. Jonas King and other missionaries in Athens; Cephas Pasco, at Patrass; Simeon C^alhoun and David Temple, of Smyrna; Wm. Uoodell, Rev, Sir. Shauffler and Henry A. Homes, at Constantinople, He received kiiul attentions from all of them, and the home hospitality of several.

Dr. Earle was one of the original members and founders of the American Medical Association, the Association of Medical Su])erintendents of American Institutions for the Insane, tlu- New York Academy of Medicine, and the New England Psychological Society, of which last-mentioned association he was the first president. He was also president, in the official year 1884-85, of the Association of Superintendents. Besides holding a membership of various medical societies, he is a member of the American Philosophical Society; felh)w of the New York College of Physicians and Surgecms: corresponding member of the New York Medico-Legal Society and the Medical Society of Athens, Greece, and honorary member of the British Medico-Psychological .Association. In 18.J8 he delivered an adjunct course of lectures on "Mental Diseases" at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City, and in ISO;! he was appointed Professor of Materia Medica and Psychologic Medicine in the Berkshire Medical Institute at Pittstield. Mass, Insanity had never before been included among the rciiidred subjects of instruction in any full professorship at any one of the American medical schools. After the delivery of one course of lectures the doctor resigned his professorsliij), as he had been called to the superintendency of the Northampton Hospital,

In his specialty Dr. Earlc is recognized as an authority. " He was one of the medical experts summoned to the trial of Charles J. Guiteau, for the murder of President Garfield. After an attendance of one week his health gave way, and he was obliged to leave; but he approved, and still approves, the verdict which held the prisoner responsible for the homicide."

model of its class. From this book many of the dates and material facts of this biography are taken. Dr. Earle still holds liis birthiight membership in the Society of Friends.

Dr. Earle's generous and vahuible gift to the Academy in which he pursued his early studies has been eLsewhere noticed. He has never wavered in his attachment to Leicester, and its people claim him as one of her honored sons. It is their hope that the day may yet be long deferred when it will be suitable to pronounce his eulogy, and give. full expression to the general respect and regard in which'he is held in his native town.

.Joshua Murdock, the principal founder of the extensive eard-clothing establishment of J. & J. Murdock, was the son of Deacon Joshua Murdock. He was boin in Leicester, October 3, 1815; educated in the town schools, in Leicester Academy and Amherst AcacU'iuy, At tlie age of sixteen years he engaged himself to the firm of Smith, Woodcock* KnigJitj serving a regular apprenticeship of nearly five years, and remaining with them till 18;}8, when he entered the employ of James Smith & Co., of Philadelphia. In 1840 he returned to Leicester and commenced tlie card-clothing business with Samuel Southgate. Jr. As has already been stated, after the retirement of Mr. Southgate in 1844, Mr. Murdock continued in business alone till 1848, when his brother Joseph, who had been engaged in trade at the Sonth, returned and associated himself with him under the lirm name of J, & J, Murdock. He lived to see the gradual growth of the enterprise from the small beginning and to witness and enjoy its great prosperity. Mr. Murdock was for several years a selectman of the town, also a direc.t(>r of the National Bank and a trustee of the Savings Hank, Under the district system lie was for many years the prudential committee of the centre schools. He discharged the duties of this office with exceptional wisdom, and ethcienoy, aod to him the marked excellence and improvement of the village schools at' that period are largely due. He unite<l with the First Congregational Church in Philadelphia in 1840 and removed his relation to the First Church in Leicester in I84:i. He was always interested i,n the welfare of the churcl),and,8Qeiety,.an.d was a liberal contributor for the support of its ordinances. He was wise and cautious in judgment and was identified with all the public enterprises t)f the place. He, was so extremely modest and relir.ng, he shrank so.instiuc,- tively from all obtrusion upon the public, and from tJie expressi<m of his views, and especially his feelings, that he wjis fully known only to ,the few who w^re placcil in intimate relations with him. He was, intelligent, sound in judgment, a man of deep and kindly feelings, and positive decision of character,..;

Mr. Murdock was first married in Philadelphia, by Kev. Albert Barnes. D.D., June 16, 1842. to Angelina Maull, who died June 2, 1846. He was married by Rev. John Nelson, D.D., January 10. 1849, to Julia Trask, the daughter of Samuel Hurd of Leicester. Their only child Caroline, is the wife of Alexander DeWitt of 'W'^orcester. Mr. Murdock died March 27, 1883.

Joseph Sargent, from whom one branch of the Sargent family in town descended, was born in Maiden in 1716. According to the family tradition he accompanied his cousin Nathan .Sargent, who -'came to dwell in Leicester, February 28, 1741."* He was married in Leicester, January, 1746, to Hannah Whittemore. He was a most worthy citizen, for six years a selectman of the town, and always prominent in public affairs. Among his descendants have been men of more than ordinary intelligence and standing, some of wliom have idready been noticed in this work.

His gi-andson, Col. Joseph Denny Sargent, who was born in 1787 and died in 1849, was one of the most enterprising and successful businessmen in the town, and one of its most public spirited and highly honored citizens. He married Mindwell .Jones of .Spencer April 16, 1818.

Edward Sargent, the subject of this sketch, born March 2.5, 1832, was their youngest child. He received liis education in the public schools, and in Leicester Academy.

He and his brothers .Joseph Bradford and George Henry, succeeding to the business of their f.ather, j manufactured cards at the "Brick Factory"" till the i business was removed to their factory in Worcester, where the organizations were known as the Sargent Card Clothing (.Company and the Sargent Hardware ; Company.

With these brothers he was also associated in the manufacture of general hardware, at their very extensive works in New Haven, Conn., superintended by Joseph Bradford Sargent, born 1822, and in their large mercantile establishment in New York City, managed by George Henry Sargent, born 1829; the two concerns, closely allied and trading under tlie name of Sargent & Company, being the largest of their kind in the world. Mr. Sargent was connected ] with these companies till his death. i

He passed his life in Leicester, and was one of its , wealthy and valued citizens. He was a selectman of the town. He was interested in everything that related to th« welfare of the place, and contributed liberally botli money and personal supervision to all public improvements. He was at different times nominated as a candidate for the State Legislature, and, though not belonging to the winning party, he had the habit of running invariably beyond his ticket, in his own town, in which he was a general favorite. In the time of the Civil War he was an ardent patriot, and freely contributed to all its demands.

In 18(>4 Mr. Sargent completed the building of his elegant residence, opposite the attractive sheet of water (m what was originally the "Town Meadow,"' where the beavers built their houses and dams, and through which ran " Bawson Brook,"' but which has long been called, after his name, ''Sargent's Pond."' This house is now the home of his son, J. Bradford Sargent. At the same time Mr. Sargent built his handsome stal)le for his horses. He was a good horseman, and, especially in the earlier years of his life, very fond of the horse and of driving. He regarded time as too valuable to be wasted in making distances on the road.

He was married, February 9, 18.58. by Rev. A. H. Coolidge, to Adelaide Sophia, tlie daughter of Austin F., grandson of Rev. Benjamin Conklin, and Sophia (Hatcli) Conklin. She was a woman of amiable and cheerful spirit and superior intelligence and worth. After twenty-tliree years of married life slie died on the nth day of February, 1881. They had three cliildren, - Joseph Bradford, Wintlirop (wlio died in childliood) and Harry Edward.

Mr. Sargent was mucli affected by the death of his wife, to whom he was devotedly attached, and survived lier less than two years. He died Januarv 30. 1883.

The village of Manville received its name from Mr. Billings Mann, to whom it is largely indebted. He. with Mr. Albert Marshall, carried on the manufacture of woolen cloth, in the first of the series of factories on Kettle Brook, on the corner of Earle and Mannville Streets. Around this mill there has gradually grown the little village that bears his name.

Mr. Mann was born in Worcester in 1797. He was the son of Josepli and Mehitable (Billings) Mann. His father was a clothier, and he worked with liim dressing cloth. He thus became familiar with the details of his subsequent business. His education was that of the common school. On the 21st of July, 1822, he married Jemima, the daughter of Eliot and Jemima Wijjht, of Bellingham, Mass., by wliom he had one daughter, who was married to Maj. Theron E. Hall. The same year, at the age of twenty-five, he began the manufacture of woolen cloth in Fitchburg. In 1828 he removed from Fitchburg to Worcester, and engaged in manufacturing with Mr. Gunn. In 1837 he was in the business in West Rutland. The next year, 1838, he first came to Leicester, and, as has been elsewhere stated, was associated with Mr. Amos Earle in the manufacture of satinets. In 1844 he associated himself with his brotherin-law, Mr. Albert Marshall, in the same business, in Holden, as the tirm of Mann A Marshall. Here he remained till 1853, when, with Mr. Marshall, he came to Leicester. They purchased the mill property and commenced the manufacture of satinets, as elsewhere stated.

Mr. Mann's home, t<i the time of his death, was on the corner of Earle and Mulherry Streets, the former home of Pliny Earle, Senior. His first wife died September 28, 1823, and on the 21st of July, 1828, he married Harriet L., the daughter of Josiah Daniel, of Dedham, by whom he had seven daughters and three sons, two of whom, George and Billings are successors in tlie business. Mrs. Mann was a woman of rare excellence and beauty of character. She presided over her large household with <iueenly dignity and grace, and of her. with full truth, it could be said. "Her children rise up and call her blessed." She died February 20, 1878. Her illness was protracted and her sutt'erings intense, but she endured them with a truly Christian spirit of resignation and cheerfulness.

For nearly quarter of a century Mann & Marshall carried on a piosperous business, but after the "Boston hre," in which they were heavy losers, they were forced to aband(m the enterprise, which they did in

Mr. Mann was a business man of strict integrity, and the affairs of the company, in prosperity and adversity alike, were conducted im the highest principles of business honor. He was genial and kind, and his home at Mulberry Grove was one of generous hospitality. He died December 2, 1879. and his funeral at the First Congregational Church was largely attended. He was a member of the order of Knights Templar, and he was buried with Masonic honors.

Ai.Onzo White.'

Alonzo White was born in Almond. Allegany County. N. Y., May (5, 1808. His father was a native of Spencer, Mass.. and had emigrated to New York three months before. This was then "The West." Almond had all the characteristics of a new country. Th>!re were no school-houses, no church buildings, and few of the conveniences and comforts of older settled communities. The girls of the family rode on horse-back thirty miles to purchase their gowns; and the parish of the Presbyterian minister extended from Rochester to the Pennsylvania line.

Mr. White was born, and lived when a boy. in a log-house. He worked upon the farm until he was twenty years of age. He then determined to seek his fortune elsewhere, and first went on foot to Danville, twenty miles distant, where he earned the money for his proposed journey by carting wood, spending his extra time in making brooms. In the fall of 1828 he came to Spencer, where his uncle resided, and worked on the farm. In February of the next year he came to Leicester, and commenced his apprenticeship as a card-maker with Reuben Merriam & Co. There was then no card setting machine in the establishment, although the newly-invented machine was coming gradually into use. The holes and the teeth were made by machines and the teeth set by hand. The next year card-setting machines made by Mr. Merriam were introduced.

After remaining with Mr. Merriam a year, Mr. Wliite was engaged at one hundred dollars per year by (Colonel Joseph D. Sargent, who was then making cards on the Auburn Road, in Cherry Valley. The machines were moved by dog power. Upon Mr. Sargent's removal to the Brick Factory. Mr. White came with him, and was in his employ seven years. In 183(5 he, with his partners, bought out Colonel Sargent, and commenced business as the firm of liamb & Wliite. Colonel Sargent highly valued the services of Mr. White, and expressed his appreciation in a substantial manner. He expressed his confidence in him at this time by furnishing him the capital for the new enterprise. M) . WTiite's subsequent business career is given in the notice of the firm of White & Denny, and White i^ Son.

Mr. White lias served the town in the offices of selectman, assessor, etc. He was the contractor for the new town-house. For a short time he was a director of the bank. He united with the First Congregational Church in September. 1831.

In 1834, April 10th, he married Elizabeth Lincoln, the daughter of Aden Davis, of Oakham, Mass., by whom he has had six children, four of whom, two sons and two daughters, are living. He has been to them a generous parent, and to the (community and the church a free and generous helper.

He built liis house on the corner of Main and Grove Streets, in 1848. Here he, with his wife, with whom he has been united for almost fifty-five years, still reside, in the enjoyment of the fruits of their industry and enterprise, and the society of their friends. They have the satisfaction of seeing their children with their families settled in good homes of their own in Leicester.

John Livermore, ancestor of all the Livermores probably in the United States, embarked at Ipswich, Old England, for New England, in April, lt)34, then twenty-eight years old, in the ship "Francis." John Cutting, master. He was admitted freeman of the Massachusetts Colony May 6, 1635. On the list of freemen his name was written Leathermore, and in other old documents and rt?«?ords sometimes Lethermore and Lithermore. He was a potter by trade. He was many years selectman, and filled other «|- fices of trust and honor in Watertown, where he first settled and last resided, he being, for about eleven years, from 1639 to KiuO, a resident of New Haven. Conn., after which he returned to Watertown, Mass., where he died, April 14, 1684, aged seventy-eight, and his wife, Grace, died there in June, 1601. He was probably son of Peter and Marabella (Wysback) Livermore, of Little Tliurloe, Suffolk Covmty, England, about seven miles northwest of Clare. On his removal from Watertowu to Connecticut he was made a freeman of tliat colony, October 29, 1040, and he sold out his estate in New Haven May 7, 1650, and went back to Watertown. Four of his nine children - SamueP, Daniel" and two daughters - were baptized in New Haven, and his oldest child. Jlannah", who married John Coolidge, Jr., was born in England in 1()33, the others in America. His fourth child, and oldest son, John' Livermore, Jr., born in 1040, settled on an estate of fifty-two acres, called the " Cowpen Farm," in Weston, near the border of Sudbury, which estate was given him by the father.

This .John'^ Livermore, Jr., who was a lieutenant in the military, had in Weston, by his first wife, Hannah, who wiiS mother of all his children, five sons and four daugliters, born between 1008 and 1090, of whom the fiftli child and third son was UanieP Livermore, bom in Weston June S. 1077, ensign, an original proprietor and settler in Leicester before 1720. on lot No. 29, which included what has since been called Livermore Hill. This DanieP Livermore dieil March 26, 1726, aged forty-nine, and by his wife, Mehitabel, afterwards wife of John Parmenter, of Sudbury, liad five sons and three daughters, born between 1707 and 1720. as follows:

1. Daniel,^ Jr., boin in Weston June 10, 1707, by wife, Mary, had in Weston three sons and three daughters, born between 1734 and 1748; 2. Jonas*, born in Weston May 13, 1710, man-ied, October, 1735, Elizabeth Kice, of Sudl)ury, and settled neai' the foot of l.ivertaore Hill, in Leicester, on the east side of the road running nortli and south through his fathei's lot. No. 20, where .lonas' died in 1773, and his wife died in 1790 - parents, in Leicester, of five sons and three daughters; 3. Mehitabel'. born March 13, 1713, married. May 14, 173(), Eliakim Rice, an early settler in Worcester, S(m of Elisha Kice, who was brother of Jonas, Gershom, .lames, Ephraim, Thomas and Josiah Kice, original proprietors and settlers in Worcester (see Caleb A.. Wall's " Keminiscences of Worcester,'" pages 40 to 43) ; 4. Sarah*, born March 7, 1717; 5. Isaac*, born May 11, 1720, resided on the west side of the road, opposite liis brother Jonas, near the foot of Livermore Hill, wliere, by his wife, Dorothy, he had four sons and two daughters; 0. Hannah* born April 10, 1723; 7. Abraliam*, born November 9, 1724, died of scarlet fever Sej)tember 4, 1742; 8. Nathan*, born March 20, 1726, married. May 7, 1755, Lucy Bent, of Sudbury.

The above-named Ensign Daniel' f^jvermore's sister Hannah", born in Westoa, September 27, 1070, married, F"ebruary 22, 1089, the. above named Ephraim Bice,, then of Sudbury, who was an original proprietor of Worcester, where his children settled, near lii^s brothers, on Sagatabscott Hill.

Leicester these eight children. 1. Jonas', Jr., born February 28, 1736, carpenter and farmer, married November 10, 1701, Sarah, daughter of Ilezekiah and Sarah (Green) Ward, and resitled in the south l)art of Leicester, near Auburn, where Jonas' sou, Salem Live) more, afterwards lived, and where Jonas' died, January 31, 1825, aged eighty-nine, and his wife, Sarah, died Sept. 10, 1832, aged ninetyfour, parents of ten children; 2. Micah', born in 1738, settled in Oxford; 3. Mary', born 1743. married Thomas Scott and resided on tlie estate in.\>iburn, near Leicester, wliere his father, John Scott, had lived and where Thomas' son, David Scott, Sr., afterwards lived; 4. David.', bom 1745, married, in 1770. for his first wife, Anna Heywood of Holden, and settled on the south part of lot No. 59, in Spencer, where they had seven children, and he died there December 13, 1818, and she died June 12, 1794, his second wife being her sister, Mrs. Mary Osborne, of Holden, who died January 5, 1842, aged eighty, by whom he had three children, one of them, Melinda, wife of the late Benjamin H. Brewer of Worcester; 5. Elizabeth, twin, born 1745. married Samuel Tucker, Jr.. of Leicester: (i. Elisha, born 1751; 7. Beulah, born 1753, married Levi Dunton; 8. Lydia, born 1755, married Asa, son of David Prouty, of Spencer, and had there Aaron, Asa, Jr., Persis, Jonas and Joel Prouty, born between 1770 and 1784, of whom Persis was wife of Eli Muzzy, son of .John Muzzy. .Ir.. of Spent^er.

1. Hannah, born .May 13, 1762. died August 24, 1767; 2. Jonas', born April 13, 17(>4, died unmarried, at Leicester, April 20, 1700: 3. Sally, born .lune 28, 170(>. died unmarried, February 17, 18:53; 4. Patty, born October 22, 17(>8, married in 1701 Captain Samuel Upham, Jr., of Leicester, and removed soon j after 1800 to Randolph, Vt,, where he died in 1848. ! aged eighty-seven, the oldest of their three children being the late Hon. William L^pham, Senator in Congress from Vermont, from 1843 till his decease, January 14, 18.53. in Washington, aged sixty-one; 5. Salem, born September 26, 1770, married, first, Nancy Walker, who died March 2. 1838. and he married, second, Ruth Livermore, and resided on his '' fathei-'s estate in the south part of Leicester near Auburn, where he died .\pril 20, 1858, father of nine children, all by his first wife; 0. Bathshcba. borii July 23, 1772, married John Page and settled in I Camb)idge, Vt. ; 7. Louisa, born April 27, 1774, died i December 1800, married Abner Gale ; 8. Daniel, :born June 10, 1776, married May 29, 1801, Betsy, born 1777, daughter of Thomas Pai'ker, of Leicester, and resided on the estate of his grandfather, Jonas j Livermore, Sr., neai' the foot of Livermore Hill, i where Daniel Livermore died August 31, 1809, aged j ninety-three, and his wife, Betsy, died November 2, 1840, parents of Jonas Livermore, of Camden, N. J., Rev. Daniel Parker Livermore, of Melrose, Mass., j Diantha, wife of Daniel Henshaw, Mary, wife of

David McFarland, late of Worcester, and Eliza, residing with her brother, Eev. Daniel P., in Melrose ; 9. Eebecca, born November 13, 1778, married Lebbeus Turner, from Bennington, Vt., and had in Leicester, Stillman, now deceased, Jeru.sha, now in Spencertown, N. Y., Caroline, wife of Dexter Converse, and Roxana, wife of Thomas Wall, all now deceased.

1 . Mary, born August 25, 1795 ; died September 6, 1841 ; married Jonathan Warren, and had, in Leicester, Jonas L. Warren, formerly railroad station agent at Rochdale ; now in Shirley.

2. Sarah, born August 31, 1797; died May 1, 1827; married, August 10, 1823, Samuel Bottomly (his first wife), and had a daughter, Sarah, who married a Schofield.

3. Nancy, born October 13, 1800 ; died December 27, 1875; married, first, Moses Rockwood, of Grafton, and had John, Angeline and David Rockwood ; married, second, February, 1837, Stephen Adams, and had, in Paxton, Maria, June and Aaron Adams.

4. Hannah, born May 21, 1804; died July 29, 183() ; married, January 9, 1828, Samuel Bottomly, and had, in Cherry Valley, Cornelia, Sarah, Levinah and Nancy Bottomly.

6. Salem, Jr., born April 23, 1809; died in Rochdale Village March 4, 1865 ; married, November 26, 1833, Roxa Darling, their only child being their son, Thomas Salem Livermore, born July 22, 1836 ; married, September 26, 1871, Mary Symons, daughter of John H. and Sarah (Crossley) Symon.s, of Rochdale, and owns and occupies the homestead erected by his lather in Rochdale Village, nearly opposite the railroad depot.

Rev. Daniel P. Livermore, son of DanieP and Betsy (Packer) Livermore, of Leicester, is a Universalist clergyman in Melrose, ordained in 1841. He married. May 6, 1845, Mary, daughter of Timothy and Zebiah Vose (Ashton) Rice, of Boston ; since that time distinguished as an eloquent lecturer and speaker on temperance, women's rights and other reforms. Their two surviving children are : Mary Elizabeth and Henrietta W., the latter wife of John Oscar Norris, master of East Boston High School.

Dexter and Caroline (Livermore) Converse resided in Leicester, near Charlton, where they had a family of twelve children, among their sons being Edmund, Harrison and Lebbeus T. Converse, of Worcester.

Salem' Livermore, Jr., like his father and grandfather before him, was a carpenter, as well as a thrifty and industrious farmer and operator in real estate, in which kinds of business Salem, Jr., is well represented by his son, Thomas S. Livermore, who succeeded to and improves upon the five hundred acres of land in Leicester, Oxford and Auburn, including the hom