Lynnfield Town (part 1 of 2)

Lynnfield Town

ried, in 1629, Elizabeth Bradley, and had a son Samuel, who married Sarah Luck. Samuel had a son Jonathan, who married Mary Pierce, and Jonathan a son Jacob, who married Sarah Lee. Jacob had a son Isaac, who married Rebekah Tewksbury, and Isaac a son Jacob, who married Lucy Gallop, and was the father of Jacob Alva Allen, the father of the subject of this sketch. Jacob Alva Allen was born in Beverly, March 5, 1810, and married Prudence, daughter of Shubel Hire, who came from Ireland and settled in Middlebury, Vermont, where his daughter Prudence was born, November 5, 1807. He afterwards removed from Beverly to Manchester, Massachusetts, and there George Harrison Allen was born, June 21, 1840. In 1847 he removed from Manchester to Methuen, and in 1849 to Lawrence, and in the common schools of the last two towns his son received his education.

At the age of seventeen George Harrison Allen left school to learn the trade of boxmaking, planing and mill-work on lumber, sawing logs and fitting lumber for building. He began at the first rung in the ladder, and learned the trade thoroughly from shoveling shavings into the fire-room to the clerk's chair in the counting-room. In 1865 he removed from Lawrence to Lynn, and entered into partnership with Joseph A. Boyden, for the manufacture of paper and wood packing-boxes. At the end of two years, Joseph having died, he formed a new partnership with William C. Boyden, of Beverly, under the firmname of Allen & Boyden, and has since carried on the same business, manufacturing both at Lynn and Beverly a product valued at about one hundred and fifty thousand dollars per annum. Mr. Allen has always devoted himself with energy and industry to his chosen work, and, though he has shared with others business losses and disasters by fire, he has by the display of a determined spirit overcome obstacles in his way and won his full measure of success.

Mr. Allen, though often importuned and at times strongly tempted, has always refused to accept or seek public office. He has believed that the demands of his business were entitled to all his time, and that an entrance into the political arena and a participation in its contests would necessarily distract his mind and divert his attention from the management of his legitimate pursuits.

Mr. Allen has been placed in offices of responsibility and trust in various Masonic bodies, having been at the head of the Golden Fleece Lodge, Sutton Chapter, and Olivet Coramandery. In the Grand Commandery of Knights Templars, and appendant order of Massachusetts and Rhode Island, he has passed the chairs of Grand Captain General, Grand General and Deputy Grand Commander, which office he now holds. He has also passed the chairs of the Palestine Encampment of Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having been its Chief Patriarch.

He married, December 26, 1864, Sarah Luella, daughter of Eben and Temperance Mclntire, of Lancaster, N. H., and resides in Lynn, where his business headquarters are located at 188 Broad Street. He is in the prime of life, and with health and strength his continued prosperity and success are assured.

Chapter Xxiii By James R. Newhall

LYNNFIELD was for more than a century and a half a territorial outpost of Lynn. It was on the 13th of March, 1638-39, that " Linn was granted 6 miles into the countrey," and a committee appointed to make a territorial survey for the purpose of ascertaining the character of the land beyond, and determining whether it " bee fit for another plantation or no." The court, while making the grant, seem to have had some doubt as to the extent of colonial rights and the security of titles, as they soon after enacted that the Governor and assistants shall " take care that the Indians have satisfaction for their right at Lynn."

The granted territory was long called Lynn End, and occupied chiefly by farmers. It was set off as a parish November 17, 1712, and the inhabitants were to be relieved from taxes in the old parish as soon as they built a meeting-house and settled a minister; this they accomplished in about eight years, the house being built in 1715 and the minister settled in 1720. In 1782 the parish became a separate district, and in 1814 the district was incorjiorated as a separate town. The precise time when the first settlers arrived or just where they located is not certainly known. It is presumed, however, that thej^ came from Lynn, some of them, perhaps, before the grant was made. It is manifest by the names found on the church records - Aborn, Bancroft, Gowing, Mansfield, Newhall, Wellman - that at least the principal ones were from Lynn.

The Mansfields and Newhalls settled in the southeastern part, the Bancrofts and Wellmans in the northwestern and the Gowings somewhere between the two.

The early history of Lynnfield is, of course, interwoven with that of Lynn, and their natural features are in a large degree similar. Its woody hills form a part of the extensive range that sweeps up from old Plymouth County, varying in height, but never reaching an altitude that entitles them to the name of mountains. They present irregularities of shape, diversities of soil and modifications of geological construction, and follow the line of the coast at dis- tances varying from half a mile to eight miles from the shore, in many places bearing strong evidence of having once been the boundary of the tide. Anciently, for the whole extent they were well wooded ; but as population increased, the axe in many places laid them bare, and orchards and arable fields began to appear. At intervals the chain now seems much broken, as most portions likely for the present to repay the expense have been reclaimed. Some sections, however, still retain much of their primeval aspect, - a fact eminently true of several of the remoter parts of Lynnfield.

But Lynnfield possesses many attractions for the lover of nature, in her lonely glens and pleasant heights, in her lakelets and busy streams. She has good highways and romantic byways, green meadows and sunny plains. But she has not the ocean views that so charm, and the ocean breezes that so invigorate. Many, however, come hither for temporary homes during the vacation season, and in the quiet enjoyment of rural sights and rural sounds, in the breathing of uncontaminated airs, in the use of fresh and simple food, and in freedom from the restraints of fashionable life, find a medicine that revivifies their jaded energies, and enables them to return to their homes again to enter with zest the accustomed routine.

There can be nothirig more pleasing to the wooer of nature, especially one who contemplates her charges with the eye of a true lover rather than that of a scientist, than to view the glowing pageantry of the Avoods hereabout in mid-autumn. The splendid coloring of the foliage takes jjlace at diff'ereut periods, the swamp maple and white birch often beginning to change in the latter part of August. Some seasons present much greater brilliancy than others, early frosts being quite certain to destroy the effect. Yet there is a strange belief with many that frost actually produces the appearance. Even the poet Whittier sings :

Frost comes as a destroyer, not as a beautifier. And it is a little remarkable that one so observant, who had spent his life in the theatre of such changing scenes, should have adopted the old error. But, perhaps, the singer yielded to the poetical idea.

While the foliage is so inviting to the woodland stroller, or sometimes after it has been loosened by the frost and fallen, the Indian summer comes - those few days of delicious languor, when all nature seems to be wrapped in a mantle of haze and lying down to dreamy repose. The natural cause of Indian summer, which, by the way, occasionally fails to appear, does not yet seem to be satisfactorily ascertained. And perhaps, in the absence of anything more reasonable, the red man's explanation may be adopted - namely, that it is a period when a breath from the hunting-grounds of heaven is permitted to sweep down to earth.

The geology of Lynnfield is not very dissimilar to that of Lynn, excepting that granite to a considerable extent takes the place of porphyry and greenstone. Quarries of the former have been long profitably worked. Some years ago a quarry of serpentine was opened. In various sections, in former years, peat meadows yielded an abundance of fuel, it being in some cases found fifteen feet in depth; but of late it has not been so much used, partly, no doubt, on account of the increased expense of labor in the preparation, and partly on account of the greater convenience of other kinds of fuel better adapted to the modern modes of heating.

Ponds and Streams. - There are several picturesque lakelets or ponds in Lynnfield, and two or three streams that not only add charms to the landscape, but are useful in various ways, though not largely employed as manufacturing agents. Lynnfield Pond, as it is usually called, though sometimes known as " Suntaug Lake" or "Humphrey's Pond," being the same "freshe pond with a little ileland " named in the old grant of 1635 to John Humphrey, is the chief of the still waters. It occupies about two hundred and ten acres, and lies partly in Peabody, is a beautiful sheet, with lovely surroundings. A melancholy accident occurred here on the 15th of August, 1850. A company, connected for the most part with the First Christian Society of Lynn, were holding a picnic on the border. In the course of the afternoon a party of twenty-five, chiefly ladies, rowed out in a large, flat-bottomed boat about a hundred yards from the shore. As some of them shifted from side to side, the boat was made to careen, and several of them, becoming alarmed, threw their weight in a manner to completely capsize it. Before aid could reach them thirteen were drowned. Filling's Pond is largely artificial and of no great depth, NeWs Pond is remarkable for its elevation, being something like a hundred feet above sea-level.

Along the northern border of Lynnfield flows the main branch of Ipswich River, and the western is partially traversed by the Sauyus. Hawhes' Brook meanders leisurely along, and is now charged with the useful duty of adding to Lynn's public water supj^ly.

The spring water of this vicinity is uncommonly pure, for the stone through which it percolates is not soluble ; and it forms a good sample of that which William Wood, Lynn's first historian, as early as 1633, thus enthusiastically celebrates : " It is farr ditferent from the waters of England, being not so sharp, but of a fatter substance and of a more jettie color; it is thought there can be no better water in the world, yet dare I not prefer it before good beere, as some have done ; but any man will choose it before bad beere, whey or butter milk."

Flora. - The flora of Lynnfield, as it was observed by the first settlers, is no doubt well, though not fully, described in the following lines from Wood's " New England's Prospect." And well might such a promising region be coveted, -

"Trees both in hills and plaines in plenty be, The long liv'd oake, the mournful cypress tree, Skie-towering piues, and chestnuts coated rough, The lasting cedar, with tlie walnut tough ; The rosin-drojjping firr for masts in use ; The boatmen seeke for oars, light, neat grown sprewse, Tlie brittle ash, the ever-trembling aspes, Tlie broad-spread elme, whose concave harbours waspes ; The water-spoiigie alder, good lor naught. Small elderne by th' Indian fletchers sought, The knottio maple, pallid birtch, hawthornes. The honibound tree that to be cloven scornes. Which from the tender vine oft takes its spouse, Who twines imbracing amies about his boughes. Within this Indian Orchard fruits be some, The ruddie cherrie and the jetty plumbe. Snake murthering hasell with sweet saxapbrage. Whose spurnes in beer all.ays hot fever's rage. The diar's shumacb, with more trees there bee That are both good to use and rare to see."

Descending to the more lowly products, it may be said that in the woods and ravines, in the swamps and upon the rocky heights, are to be found shrubs and flowers of great beauty, some varieties of which, under the hand of cultivation, have become garden favorites. And many plants of rare medicinal value are to be found. But the long and persistent warfare of our learned doctors against the use of " herbs " has resulted in greatly reducing the esteem in which they were once held. The old traffic of the semimendicant wanderers, with their pyrola, sassafras, gold-thread, rosemary, catnip, sweet flagroot and countless other varieties of similar curative merchandise, has become nearly extinct. And so has gone all that class of irresponsible doctors, friends of the poor, as they called themselves, and sometimes were, who, for the fee of a meal, were ever ready to advise and prescribe. It did not cost so much to be sick in those primitive days as it now does.

Fauna. - As considerable is said in the sketch of Lynn, of which Lynnfield so long remained a member, regarding the fauna of the region, no elaboration will be required here. Bears were not uncommon in the woods ; moose, beaver and deer were seen ; foxes and wolves abounded ; and so did raccoons, weasels and woodchucks. Most of these, excepting the last two, have become nearly extinct - the first three entirely so. But no better idea of the animal life hereabout can be given than by quoting the concise, though somewhat grotesque, metrical description given by a quaint old writer. His was a style much in vogue in early times, and some of the important facts in our history have been preserved in that now seemingly irregular way. Those rhyming historians had no thought of debauching history through poetic license, but aimed at a straightforward delineation of facts, perhaps using that form to aid the memory. But to the quotation, which is from a more extended

"Some of the nobler game erst found, within these forests wide, The moose, the beaver and the deer no longer here abyde ; Nor growling bear, nor catamount, nor wolf do now abound, But raccoons, woodchucks, weasels, skunks, and foxes yet lurke round. And in the broocks and ponds still rove the turtle and musk ratt, The croaking paddock and leap-frog ; and in the air the batt. Serpents there be, butpoys'nous, few, save horrid rattlesnakes. And adders of bright rainbow hue, that coyl among the brakes. And then of birds we have great store ; the eagle soaring high, The owl, the hawk, the woodpecker, the crow of rasping cry, The partridge, quail and wood-pigeon, the plover and wild-goose. And divers other smaller game are here for man, his use. And many more of plumage fair in coo and song are heard ; The whippoorwill, of mournful note, the merry humming-bird. In bog and pond the peeper pipes at close of springtide day. And fire-flies daunce like little stars along the lover's way."

Upon the rocky hillsides, about the ledges, and in the sequestered forest defiles, the hideous rattlesnake is still occasionally met with, during the hottest weather. Seldom, however, is there any injury and almost never any fatal result from encounters with these old-time terrifiers. Formerly they were numerous, and occasioned much fear, but the numbers and fears have greatly decreased. It is stated, however, that during the summer of 1868 a Lynnfield farmer killed the extraordinary number of thirteen, of various sizes.

Ecclesiastical History

First Parish. - The First Church of Lynnfield was formed August 17, 1720, though a meeting-house appears to have been built some five years before. It had always been a hardship for worshippers of that remote region to attend service at the First Parish house, some living more than seven miles distant. And as early as the time when the "Old Tunnel" was built, 1682, on Lynn Common, much discussion was had as to the expediency of building farther inland, in some place that would be most convenient for the four sections, now Lynn, Lynnfield, Saugus and Swampscott, separate parishes not then being contemplated. But the desire of the people near the site of the old house prevailed, and the new one was placed on the Common, where it remained, a marked object, till 1827. There does not appear to have been any ill-feeling engendered, and thither the people of Lynnfield went for worship till they became strong enough to form a separate parish.

The Rev. Nathaniel Sparhawk was installed minister of the Lynnfield parish at the time the church was formed, 1720, and his salary for the year fixed at seventy pounds. He was born in Cambridge in 1694; graduated at Harvard in 1715; was dismissed in July, 1731, and about one year thereafter, May 7, 1732, died, at the early age of thirty-eight years. The reason for his dismission does not exactly appear. Mr. Lewis says, " A part of his people had become dissatisfied with him, and some, whom he considered his friends, advised him to ask a dismission, in order to produce tranquillity. He asked a dismission, and it was unexpectedly granted. A committee was then chosen to wait on him, and receive the cliurch records ; but he refused to deliver them. Soon after he took to his bed, and is supposed to have died in consequence of his disappointment." His wife was Elizabeth Perkins, and he had four children, one of whom was Edward Perkins Sparhawk, a man who became somewhat noted. He was born July 10, 1728, and graduated at Harvard College in 1753. His wife was Mehitabel Putnam, whom he married in 1759. Mr. Lewis says he was never ordained, though he preached many times in the parishes of Essex. He appears not to have approved of the settlement of Mr. Adams, the third minister of the parish, having himself been a candidate, and calls him "old Adams, the reputed teacher of Lynnfield." The historian adds, " He is the first person whom I found in our records having three names. The custom of giving an intermediate name seems not to have been common till more than one hundred years after the settlement of New England." One son of Rev. Nathaniel, the first minister, born October 24, 1730, named John, was apprenticed to a shoemaker, and afterward became a physician of Philadelphia. One of our Essex County historians has strangely enough given the Rev. Nathaniel as the one to whom we are indebted for the series of interleaved almanacs which have been so much quoted from. But he had been dead fifty years before the almanacs were made. The Sparhawk who made the almanac memoranda was most likely Edward, son of the first minister, though some have thought he was a brother or nephew.

The immediate successor of Rev. Nathaniel Sparhawk in the pastorate was the Rev. Stephen Chase, who was settled in 1731. He was born in Newbury in 1708, graduated at Harvard in 1728, resigned in 1755, and died in 1778. His salary, as fixed at the time of his ordination, was one hundred pounds. Mr. Chase was here during the exciting period of the visit of Rev. George Wbitefield, the celebrated Engglish revivalist. Rev. Mr. Henchman was then minister of the First Parish of Lynn, and while he personally treated the eminent stranger with great courtesy, and even cordiality, strongly opposed his course of ministration, and refused the use of his meetinghouse for one of his meetings. Mr. Henchman addressed a letter, printed in pamphlet form, to Mr. Chase, giving reasons for his opposition to Mr. Wbitefield.

Some of these reasons, as clearly enumerated by Mr. Lewis, were, that Mr. Wbitefield had disregarded and violated the most solemn vow, which he took when he received orders in the Church of England, and pledged himself to advocate and maintain her discipline and doctrine - that he had intruded into places where regular churches were established - that he used vain boasting and theatrical gestures to gain applause - that he countenanced screaming, trances and epileptic fallings - that he had defamed the character of Bishop Tillotson, and slandered the colleges of New England.

It does not appear that Mr. Chase publicly answered the letter of Mr. Henchman, nor, indeed, what his precise views regarding Mr. Wbitefield were. The letter was, however, answered by Rev. Mr. Hobby, of Reading, who became a warm defender of Mr. Whitefield. And to Mr. Hobby's answer Mr. Henchman made a rejoinder. The controversy was protracted and warm, and perhaps some good resulted.

The wife of Mr. Cbase was Jane Winget, of Hampton, and they had five children. After leaving Lynn he settled in Newcastle, N. H., remaining there till his death.

The third minister of the Lynnfield Parish was Rev. Benjamin Adams. He was born in Newbury May 8, 1719; graduated at Harvard in 1738 ; settled here November 5,1755; died May 4,1777. His wife was Rebecca Nichols, and they had seven children.

The fourth minister was Rev. Joseph Mottey. He was born in Salem, May 14, 1756 ; graduated at Dartmouth, 1778 ; settled here September 24, 1783 ; died July 9, 1821. His long pastorate would indicate that he was beloved by his people, though it was a period when ministerial changes were not by any means so frequent as now. He was of a retiring and sensitive disposition, had marked eccentricities, and withal a humorous vein. As a preacher he was mild and persuasive; not given to "ecstasy and holy frenzy." At times he was subject to strange fancies and singular apprehensions. The following instance is related in Sprague's " Annals of the American Pulpit," where a notice of him appears : " One extremely cold night, after going to bed, he came to the conclusion that he should certainly die before morning. While reflecting upon being found dead in his bed, he bethought him that his appearance, as he then was, would not be just what he should like ; so, getting up in the cold, he put on clean linen and jumped into bed again. Very soon he fell asleep, slept soundly till morning, and on waking was quite astonished to find that he was not dead." This certainly indicates that he had little fear of death. But he was a man of high character, and, notwithstanding his eccentricities, or " oddities," as they were called, continued to enjoy the respect of his people, who seem never to have doubted his piety and conscientiousness. His reply to one who called him " odd " was witty as well as characteristic: "Yes," said he, "I set out to be a very good man, and soon found that I could not be without being very odd."

Mr. Mottey was not accustomed to exchange with his brother clergy so often as did most of the ministers of that period; neither did he take anything like so active a part in the temporal affairs of his parish as some of them, especially Mr. Treadwell and Mr. Roby, of the other Lynn parishes. This trait was sometimes commented on in a manner unfavorable to him. But the fact was, no doubt, rather attributable to his naturally shrinking disposition than to lack of interest in public aftairs. That he was industrious with his pen cannot be doubted, for it is asserted that he wrote more than two thousand, if not fully three thousand, sermons, which, if they were of the usual length of the sermons of that period, must have covered many more sheets of paper than most of the preachers of our day find it in their way to cover.

" In regard to doctrines," quotes Mr. Parsons, in a paper read before the Essex Unitarian Conference, September 8, 1881, "Mr. Mottey, in the first years of his ministry, was much inclined to what is now termed orthodoxy. Afterwards, and until the end of his life, there was a general coincidence in his opinions with what is now termed liberal Christianity." But "liberal Christianity" is a term so indefinite as to cover a wide field. And it cannot be admitted that Mr. Mottey ever became what is now known as a Unitarian or Universalist ; nor was his successor, Mr. Searl, of either of these denominations. There are many shades of belief among the individuals of all denominations. And no doubt some of the theologians of Andover and Princeton are quite as well entitled to be called liberal Christians as was Mr. Mottey.

The fifth minister of Lynnfield Parish was Rev. Joseph Searl. He was born in Rowley December 2,1789; graduated at Dartmouth in 1815; settled here January 21, 1824 ; resigned September 27, 1827. He removed to Stoneham. Mr. Searl was the last preacher of the old orthodox faith in this, the First Lynnfield Parish. Rev. Luther, Walcott, his successor, was of the Universalist persuasion. The ministerial succession was as follows :

It would be needless to repeat that this, the First Church of Lynnfield, was originally of rigid Puritanical stamp. And in its history appears another instance of the tendency to swerve from that faith, and by the force of a mere vote adopt one of a different character. Where no superior ecclesiastical authority is acknowledged there seems nothing to prevent this. This Lynnfield society changed its faith as an organization by voting to settle Mr. Walcott. The First Church of Lynn is one of the three or four of the early churches in Massachusetts that have preserved their integrity, through good report and evil, to the present day, they never having yet voted themselves out of the old faith. The right of individual interpretation may be very precious, but its tendency is to instability.

Methodist. - A society of this order was formed here in 1816, and a house of worship erected, in the Centre Village, in 1823. But regular meetings have not been held for several years.

Newhall FamiIjY. - Joseph Newhall was an early settler of Lynnfield. He was a grandson of Thomas Newhall, the first of the name in Lynn, and a son of Thomas, the first white child born here. He was born on the 22d of September, 1658, and married Susanna, daughter of Thomas Farrar. He was a man of considerable importance in his day, and was often in places of public trust. He settled, as a farmer, in Lynnfield, his homestead farm, as it was called, consisting of some thirty-four acres. He also had another estate, known as the Pond farm, consisting of a hundred and seventy acres, lying on the west of Humphrey's Pond, and being a part of the grant made to Mr. Humphrey in 1635. It is thus seen that Mr. Newhall possessed many "broad acres," comprehending woodland, tillage and meadow. But his most valuable possession was a family of eleven children - eight sons and three daughters. Just when he took up his abode in Lynnfield does not distinctly appear ; but it was probably soon after he came of age, his marriage taking place at about the same time. He seems to have been a good man and a 'regular attendant on public worship, for by the record, November 4, 1696, it appears that the town did grant liberty for Joseph Newhall to " sett up a pewe in y® east end of y® meeting house [the Old Tunnell] Between y^ east dowre & the stares ; provided itt does nott prejudice the going up y^ stares into y^ gallery, & maintains so much of the glas window as is against s*^ pewe." He was a member of the General Court, and died while in office. And in this connection it may be remarked that the pay of representatives, and indeed of all public officers, was at a rate that did not encourage that degree of hankering for official position so lamentably prevalent in our time. Upon the records is found this item : "Dec. 1706, to his serving a Representative at the generall court in the year 1705, until his death, 76 days at 3s per day - 11£ 8s Of/." Mr. Newhall perished while on his way from Boston to Lynn, in a great snow-storm, in January, 1705-06. His grave-stone is in the old burying- ground, near tlie westerly end of the Common, Lynn, and gives his age as forty-seven, and his title, ensign. All his eleven children survived him.

Elisha Newhall, the third son of Joseph, born November 20, 1686, was a farmer in Lyunfield, and owned a tract on the northwest of Humphrey's Pond. He also owned a tract on the southeast of the pond, arfd on the latter his house stood. He was something of a military man and attained the rank of captain. His death took place on the 19th of March, 1773, at the age of eighty-seven. He married, February 27, 1710-11, Jane, daughter of Joseph Breed. She was of his own age and survived him but three days. They had eight children - three sons and five daughters. The church record says, "They lived very happily together as man and wife, almost sixty-five if not almost sixty-six years, then died, but three days difference between y' deaths. Thus were they lovely and pleasant in their lives and in their death they were not divided."

Daniel Newhall, a younger brother of Elisha, just spoken of, was born February 5, 1690-91. His wife was Mary, daughter of Allen Breed. His widow, says Mr. Waters, died suddenly January 1, 1776, in her eighty-fourth year. In a notice of her death published in the Essex Gazette, she is said to have left eleven children, sixty-six grandchildren, thirty-two great-grandchildren - in all, one hundred and nine.

Benjamin Newhall, another son of Joseph, and brother of Elisha and Daniel, was born April 5, 1698. He did not pursue farming, but engaged in shoemaking, and located on Lynn Common. In 1729 he sold his remaining interest in the Humfrey farm, evidently intending not to return to Lynnfield. He seems to have been successful in his vocation and was one of the three mentioned as doing sufiicient business in 1750 to require the employment of journeymen. He, like his brother Elisha, had military aspirations, and in the French and Indian War was a captain. He was a Representative, first in 1748, and several times thereafter. He married Elizabeth Fovvle January 1, 1721, had fourteen children, and died June 5, 1763. His son Benjamin, born September 6, 1726, was probably the same who was town clerk at the opening of the Revolution, and who died in 1777.

Samuel Newhall, the youngest son of Joseph, and brother of Elisha, Daniel and Benjamin, was born March 9, 1700-1. He was adopted by his uncle, Thomas Farrar, who was a farmer, lived on Nahant Street, Lynn, and was a son of Thomas Farrar, known as " Old Pharaoh," who was one of those accused of witchcraft in 1692.

Asa Tarbel Newhall was born in Lynnfield June 28, 1779 ; his father, Asa, was born August 5, 1732 ; his grandfather, Thomas, was born January 6, 1681 ; his great-grandfather, Joseph, was born September 22, 1658, and was the first of the Lynnfield Newhalls; and his great-great-grandfather was Thomas, the first white person born in Lynn.

Mr. Newhall was bred a farmer, and followed the honorable occupation all his life. He was a close observer of the operations of nature, and brought to the nolice of others divers facts of great benefit to the husbandman. He delivered one or two addresses at agricultural exhibitions, and published several papers which secured marked attention and elicited discussion. His mind was penetrating and possessed a happy mingling of the practical and theoretical; and he had sufficient energy and industry to insure results. Such a person will always make himself useful in the world, though he may be destitute of that kind of ambition which would place him in conspicuous positions.

He was liberal in his views, courteous in his manners ; and by his sound judgment and unswerving integrity secured universal respect. In his earlier manhood he was somewhat active as a politician, and was judicious and trustworthy. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1820, and a Senator in 1826. He was also a Representative in 1828.

His wife was Judith Little, of Newbury ; and he had nine children - Joshua L., Asa T., Thomas B., Sallie M., Eunice A., Judith B., Caroline E., Hiram L. and Elizabeth B.

Mr. Newhall died at his residence, in the southeastern part of Lynnfield, on the 18th of December, 1850, aged seventy-one, and was buried with Masonic honors.

General Josiah Newhall was born in Lynnfield on the 6th of June, 1794, and was a lineal descendant from Thomas, the early Lynn settler, his nearer ancestor probably being Josejih, the first of the family who pitched his tent in Lynnfield.

The long and active life of General Newhall closed on the 26th of December, 1879. During several years of his earlier manhood he followed the profession of teaching, but, as time advanced, grew weary of that exacting employment, and retired to the more congenial one of agriculture. He however retained his love for study, and became quite proficient in some branches, his attainments bearing his fame even to the other side of the Atlantic, where, in 1876, he received the honor of being elected a fellow of the Royal Historical Society of Great Britain. He served in the War of 1812, and was afterwards much interested in military affairs, attaining the rank of brigadier-general in the Massachusetts militia. When General Lafayette reviewed the troops on Boston Common, during his visit to America in 1824, he was present in command of a regiment.

Lynnfield was incorporated as a separate town in 1814, and General Newhall was her first representative in the General Court. He served also in 1826-27 and again in 1848. During the administration of President Jackson he held an office in the Boston Custom-House. He also, at different times, filled important local offices. But his most congenial and satisfying resort was the honorable occupation of farmer and horticulturist. There, the results of his experiments and suggestions were often of much value. He was kind-hearted, genial in manners and ever ready to lend a helping hand to the deserving who needed assistance. The last time the writer had the pleasure of meeting him was on the occasion of the celebration of the Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the Settlement of Lynn, June 17, 1879. He seemed greatly to enjoy the proceedings, and as the open carriage in which he sat moved along in the procession, on that pleasant forenoon, was in fine spirits and highly interested in observing the many evidences of thrift and improvement.

His wife was Rachel C, a daughter of Timothy Bancroft. They were married October 28, 1824, and became the parents of nine children, only two of whom survived him. As has appeared, even from the little that has been said here, the early fathers and mothers of the Newhall family of Lynn did their full share to increase the native pojHilatiou. Perhaps no family is deserving of higher praise than this in that direction. And it is found that the name soon began to prevail far and near as emigration kept pace with the rolling tide of population, till at this day representatives are to be found in every part of our broad land, some in commanding positions ; but the great multitude, as in all other families, plodding " along the cool, sequestered vale of life." Henry F. Waters, Esq., of Salem, has performed praiseworthy labor in gathering so much genealogical information in his little work entitled "The Newhall Family of Lynn, Massachusetts," collating it so carefully and presenting it in such intelligible form.

Doctor Johist Perkins. - Among the residents of Lynnfield who have from time to time adorned her history may be named Dr. John Perkins, who died in 1780, at the age of eighty-five. He was well educated, having studied two years in London, and practiced forty years in Boston. He was quite a scientist, and proposed some theories that attracted considerable attention among the savants of the day. The greatest earthquake ever known in New England occurred on the 18th of November, 1755, near the time when Lisbon was destroyed. The same year Dr. Perkins published a tract on earthquakes, 2)robably induced by the terrible commotions of that time. Other writings of his received much commendation, especially an essay on the small-pox, published in the London Magazine. Vaccination, it will be borne in mind, was not then practiced. It is said he left a manuscript of three hundred and sixty-eight pages, containing an account of his life and experience. It would, however, probably have long since been published had it contained much of real value, as it was in the custody of the American Antiquarian Society. Among other things, it is alleged to have contained a long and particular relation of a singular encounter of wit between Jonathan Gowen, of Lynn, and Joseph Emerson, of Reading. They met by appointment at the tavern, in Saugus, and so great was the number of people that they removed to an adjacent field. The Reading champion was foiled, and went home in great chagrin. Dr. Perkins says that the exercise of Goweu's wit " was beyond all human imagination." But he afterward fell into such stupidity that the expression " You are as dull as Jonathan Gowen " became proverbial. This intellectual encounter seems to have been enjoyed by the neighbors of the champions almost as keenly as are the elevating yacht or even base-ball contests of our day.

The doctor appears to have been an interested observer of passing events, active and cheerful as well as prompt and efficient in the practice of his profession.

This Dr. Perkins has been mentioned in connection with the invention of the " Metallic Tracters," which were so much ridiculed by the profession at the time they were produced. But the inventor of them was quite another man, a Dr. Elisha Perkins, of Connecticut. He was a learned man, and one of much ability and boldness in experimenting ; and proved his sincerity by going to New York in 1799, when the yellow fever was prevalent there, to test the virtue of a medicine he had prepared for its cure, and falling himself a victim to the disease.

Daniel Towxsend, of Lynnfield, who was killed in the battle of Lexington, was a lineal descendant of Thomas Townsend, or Townshend, as he and others of the family sometimes spelled the name, who came to Lynn as early as 1635, and in the records is called a husbandman. He owned a lot of some seven acres, on the southerly side of Boston Street, a short distance west from Franklin ; and upon this lot his dwelling is thought to have stood, though Mr. Lewis says he lived near the iron works, in the present bounds of Saugus. Perhaps he lived in both neighborhoods, for he is known to have owned lands near the southwesterly border of Lynnfield, and in other places. He died December 22, 1677, at about the age of seventy-seven years. His son John was a wheelwright, and belonged to the church in Reading, though he seems always to have been called of Lynn. Perhaps the Reading church was more convenient to his home than thitt of Lynn. He died December 14, 1726, leaving a son, Daniel, born April 1, 1700. And this Daniel was father of the Daniel who is the subject of this notice, and was one of the first to lay down his life in the great struggle for American independence.

The Townshends were an ancient and celebrated family, whose seat had, from time immemorial, been in Norfolk, England, near the town of King's Lynn, from which our own Lynn received its name, through Rev. Mr. Whiting, who at one time was chaplain to Sir Roger Townshend. And for many generations they maintained their lordly position.

It would hardly be in place here to attempt an enumeration of the many statesmen and military heroes who have made the name of Townsend illustrious, or at least conspicuous, in the Old World. One or two, however, whose names became connected with American affairs, may be named. There was Marquis George Townsend, eldest son of the third viscount, who commanded a division under Wolfe in the Canada expedition, and after the death of Wolfe took command, and received the capitulation. He subsequently rose to the highest rank in the British army, was an active member of Parliament, and a Privy Councillor, His younger brother, Charles, though a statesman of acknowledged ability, was evidently extremely fond of popularity ; insomuch that he seems at times to have been on either side of the American cause during the agitating times immediately preceding our Revolution. It was he who introduced the resolutions that did much to precipitate the war, the resolutions imposing a duty on glass, tea, paper and certain other articles. Macaulay says of him : " He was a man of splendid talents, of lax principles and of boundless vanity and presumption."

But enough of the foreign pedigree. Although it may be well to mention that in the ancient church of St. Margaret, in King's Lynn, the stately edifice in which devout worshippers have been accustomed to assemble for almost eight hundred years, and from which was taken the time-worn stone now in the vestibule of St. Stephen's in our own Lynn, there is a black marble in the north alley, bearing this inscription : " Here lieth the Body of Mr. James Townshend, who was Organist of this Church 36 Years, and died the 8th of Jan. 1724. Aged 54 Years. Also Elizabeth, his Mother, who died the 21st of April, 1733. Aged 84 Years."

The American branch of the Townsend family can boast of a full share of such as became conspicuous in various departments - of poets, scientists, legislators, and especially those who shone in the military calling. And in the circumscribed- sphere of village life were many whose virtues might have adorned any position. Of this latter class seems to have been Daniel Townsend, whose memory has occasioned this notice, and who met a patriot's death at Lexington on that pregnant April day in 1775. His life was not an ambitious or adventurous one, and not much can be gathered of his history. He was born December 26, 1738, and consequently, at the time of his death, was in the prime of life. He left a wife and five young children ; was sober and industrious, pious and a consistent member of the Lynnfield church. He was prompt at the call of duty on that memorable morning, and with the company of minute-men reached the scene of action soon after daylight. Mr.

Lewis says Townsend was with Timothy Munroe, another Lynn man, standing behind a house " firing at the British troops, as they were coming down the road, in their retreat toward Boston. Townsend had just fired, and exclaimed, ' There is another redcoat down,' when Munroe, looking round, saw, to his astonishment, that they were completely hemmed in by the flank-guard of the British army, who were coming down through the fields behind them. They immediately ran into the house, and sought for the cellar; but no cellar was there. They looked for a closet, but there was none. All this time, which was indeed but a moment, the balls were pouring through the back windows, making havoc of the glass. Townsend leaped through the end window, carrying the sash and all with him, and instantly fell dead. Munroe followed, and ran for his life. He passed for a long distance between both parties, many of whom discharged their guns at him. As he passed the last soldier, who stopped to fire, he heard the redcoat exclaim, ' Damn the Yankee ! he is bullet-proof - let him go! ' Mr. Munroe had one ball through his leg, and thirty-two bullet-holes through his clothes and hat. Even the metal buttons of his waistcoat were shot otf." Townsend was found to have had seven bullets through his body. His remains were taken to Lynnfield, and "lay the next night," says Captain C. H. Townsend, " in the Bancroft house, where the blood-stains remain on the old oaken floor to this day" [1875]. The Essex Gazette, of May 2d, in a brief obituary, speaks of him as having been a constant and ready friend to the poor and afflicted ; a good adviser in cases of difficulty ; a mild, sincere and able reprover. In short, it adds, " he was a friend to his country, a blessing to society, and an ornament to the church of which he was a member." And then are added, as original, the lines given below. The notice and lines were written by some sympathizing friend, the latter being transferred to the stone when erected, some time after, at his grave :

" Lie, valiant Townseud, in the peaceful shades; we trust, Immortal honors mingle with thy dust. What though thy body struggled in its gore ? So did thy Saviour's body, long before ; And as he raised his own, by power divine, So the same power shall also quicken thine, And in eternal glory mayst thou shine."

To show with what alacrity the rural population responded to their country's call, it may be remarked that thirty-one towns were represented on that dawning day of the Revolution. The loss upon the side of the British was much greater than on the side of the Americans, - a fact that may be accounted for in various ways, without supposing cowardice or remissness on either side. On the part of the British, seventy-three were killed, one hundred and seventy-two wounded and twenty-six missing. On the part of the Americans, forty-nine were killed, thirty-six wounded and five missing,

Charles H. Townsend, of New Haven, have published much valuable matter pertaining to the family history, collected both here and in England, for which labor of love they deserve many thanks. Whether the family here have kept up a correspondence with their English cousins is not known. Perha})s in some future generation, one of those agitating dreams ot an immense fortune waiting in England for American heirs may be entertained by some ambitious one of the line ; if so, it is to be hoped that it may not, like so many similar dreams, prove but alluring romance.

THOAfAS Woodward. - Mr. Woodward was well known by the shoemaking fraternity of fifty years ago throughout this region by his famous awls. He was born in Lynntield in 1773, and died in 1860, at the great age of eighty-seven years. His manufactory was in that ])art of Reading now known a.< Wakefield. He was a remarkably ingenious mechanic, and has been credited with a number of useful inventions. The Emerson razor-strop, which was so popular fifty years ago, when men generally kept their faces closely shaved, is said to have been a device o! his. But his ingenuity does not seem to have been directed to any achievement of much magnitude, as was that of his neighbor, Dixon. His awls, however, though not strictly an invention, gave him a name and a substantial income, and probably, in a negative way, had a saving effect on the morals of many an operative who, irritated by the brittleness or rough movement of other awls, might be led to call in the aid of lubricating profanity. Mr. Eaton, in his " History of Reading," says of Mr. Woodward : " He was an honest, industrious and kindhearted man, but possessed some peculiarities ol character. He had an inquiring and rather credulous mind ; any new idea, either in physic, physics or ethics, he was ever ready to adopt, and if he thought it valuable, he was disposed to pursue it with great sincerity and pertinacity of purpose; hence we find him ever trying some new experiment in numufacturing, using some newly-invented pills or cordial, making a 'tincture ' that becomes, and still continues, a popular medicine ; becoming an anti-Mason and abolitionist of the most apjiroved patterns, and an honest and sincere believer in Millerism. He was, however, a very useful citizen. He lived to be aged, and his body outlived his mind."

Miscellaneous Matters

Newburyport Turnpike. - The turnpike from Newburyport to Boston was finished in 1806 at a cost of four hundred and twenty thousand dollars. But it did not prove a successful enterprise pecuniarily. A few stages ran over it, but not much of the travel was diverted from the large seaboard settlements. It ran through the southerly section of Lynnfield, and was expected to bring great prosperity to the place. Disappointment followed. The capacious and wellappointed hotel was built, and for many years, in- deed excepting a few intervals of private occupancy, till the present time, has furnished a pleasant resort for summer visitors as well as winter parties. The surroundings are picturesque, one of the most charming features being the beautiful pond near the border of which it stands. The drives in all directions are attractive, and the quiet all that the most retiring can desire. Lynnfield Hotel (South Village) is four miles and two hundred and eighty rods from Central Square, Lynn.

Fires in the Woods. - During her whole history Lynnfield has periodically been subjected to extensive fires in her woods. Down to the present day such fires occur, frequently in the most jnysterious way. And it has been suggested, perhaps with some reason, that under peculiar circumstances the pitch exuding from a pine may accumulate in such a manner as to act as a lens, and in an excessively hot sun so concentrate the rays as to produce fire. From the earliest times the attention of the authorities has been directed to this matter. But though legislation has done something, it has never succeeded in suppressing the dreaded evil, and never will while friction matches continue to be used, and careless boys, heedless smokers and thoughtless gunners range the woods. In November, 1646, the General Court passed this order concerning " kindlinge fires in wuds"': " Whosoev'' shall kindle any fires in y*' woods, before y^ lO"' day of y^ first mo." [March] " or after y"^ last day of y^ 2"' mo., or on y*^ last day of the weeke, or Lords day, shall pay all damages y' any pson shall loose thereby, & halfe so much to y"^ comon treasury." And the same year the court generously allowed the use of "tobacko," under certain restrictions, saying, " It shalbe lawfull tor any man y' is on his journey (remote from any house five miles) to take tobacco, so that thereby hee sets not y'' woods on fire to y'' damage of any man."

Duringthe severe drought which prevailed in 1864 very destructive forest fires raged. And also during the severer drought of the next year, 1865, which, continued from July 5th to October 15th. And almost every season many acres are burned over, destroying not only standing wood, but that cut and corded. The Massachusetts Legislature, in 1885-86, passed " An Act for the better protection of Forests from Fires," and it is hoped that the provisions will be energetically enforced ; if they are, some good may result.

Old Currency. - About the close of the Revolution, the currency, what there was of it, was in a sad state of confusion. The Continental money, so called, the paper issued by Congress, had depreciated to such a degree that a thousand dollars of it were sold for less than twenty dollars in silver. Mr. Lewis gives the following description of different denominations of these fiscal pledges, many of which are still preserved among antiquarian collections. Doubtless many specimens are to be found among the old Lynn- field families. The pieces of paper were about two inches square : " The one-dollar bills had an altar with the words depressa resurgit, the oppressed rises. The two-dollar bills bore a hand, making a circle with compasses, with the raotio, tribulatio ditnl, trouble enriches. The device of the three-dollar bills was an eagle pouncing upon a crane, who was biting the eagle's neck, with the motto, exitus in dubio, the event is doubtful. On the five-dollar bills was a hand grasping a thorn bush, with the inscription smtine vel abstine, hold fast or touch not. The six-dollar bills represented a beaver felling a tree, with the word perseverando, by perseverance we prosper. Another emission bore an anchor, with the words, In te Domine speramus, In thee. Lord, have I trusted. The eightdollar bills displayed a harp, with the motto majora minoribus consonant, the great harmonize with the little. The thirty-dollar bills exhibited a wreath on an altar, with the legend, si rede, fades, if you do right you will succeed."' In a few years, however, the government succeeded in so regulating matters that confidence began to be felt. And soon after Albert Gallatin, who was perhaps the most able financier of the age, was called to the Treasury Department, things began to wear an encouraging aspect. But still there remained for many years a great diversity in the mode of reckoning, if not in real values, in different sections of the country ; and the coins in circulation were variously denominated. But little was as yet coined here, and the chief silver in circulation, down to a time quite within the recollection of multitudes now living, was Spanish. Who does not remember the four-pence-halfpennies (6] cents), the nine-pences (12J cents), the pistareens (at first 20 cents, and then suddenly reduced to 17 cents) ?

Gold and Paper Currency. - In thisconnection, perhaps as appropriately as in any other, a word may be said regarding the value changes in the currency consequent on our late Civil War. On the 17th of December, 1878, for the first time in sixteen years, gold stood at par, - that is, $100 in gold were worth just $100 in greenback government notes. The extreme of variation was on July 11, 1864, when $100 in gold were worth $285 in bank bills. From this last date the diff'erence in values began slowly to fade away. In the gold room of the New York Stock Exchange there was much enthusiasm manifested on the day when par was reached, and great cheering.

Siamese Twins. - During the warm season of 1831 the famous Siamese twins, Chang and Eng, so mysteriously united in person, were for a short time rusticating in Lynnfield. It was about the time that they were first exhibited in this vicinity. They were one day out on a gunning excursion, and becoming so irritated by being followed and stared at by men and boys, they committed a breach of the peace, were taken before a magistrate and put under bonds. It came near becoming a serious question how one could be punished by imprisonment, should it come to that, if the other were innocent. The difficulty vanished, however, when it appeared that both were guilty. They died in North Carolina in the winter of 1873, within two hours of each other, aged sixty-three years.

Prize-Fighters. - Edward O'Baldwin, known as the Irish Giant, and Joseph Warmuld, an Englishman, noted prize-fighters, were arrested by the police just as they had commenced a battle in Lynnfield, on the morning of October 29, 1868. A crowd of those who delight in such demoralizing contests had assembled from Boston and neighboring places, but they very suddenly dispersed in dismay when the police appeared. O'Baldwin and Warmuld were arraigned before the Lynn Police Court and bound over for the action of the grand jury. The former was finally sentenced to the House of Correction for two years, but the latter escaped, forfeiting his bail.

Golden Spike. - May 10, 1869, was the day on which the last spike was driven in completion of the first continuous railroad line connecting the Atlantic and Pacific. It was an eventful occasion, far away there in the Rocky Mountain shadows, and drew together many prominent persons from different parts of the country. The spike was of solid gold, and what renders the occurrence of special interest to the people of Lynnfield is the fact that it was driven by David Hewes, a native of the town, and a contractor on the road. It was, however, soon withdrawn and deposited in a museum in San Francisco, under the wellgrounded apprehension that if allowed to remain, some straying traveler, curious or covetous, would appropriate it.

Epizootic. - A strange disease called epizootic prevailed among horses during the latter part of the autumn of 1872 ; so many were disabled that such wheel-vehicles as were drawn by horses almost ceased to run. In Boston the United States mail was carried to and from the post-office in ox-teams. Various expedients were resorted to. Goats and dogs, in many instances, were harnessed for labor ; and sometimes men and boys undertook the duties of the disabled animals. The disease was not usually fatal, but such as survived were left in a weakened condition.

Surplus Revenue. - In 1837 the surplus United States revenue was distributed. The amount received by Lynnfield was $1328.29, and it was appropriated to the payment of the town debt. Other towns, by vote, devoted their shares to diff"erent purposes, some even distributing it per capita. Saugus received $3500, and appropriated it to the building of a town-hall. Lynn received $14,879.00, and applied it to the payment of the town debt. Judging from present appearances, it will be a long time before the municipalities will receive another such dividend.

Forest Hill Cemetery. - This endeared restingplace for the dead was consecrated on the 14th of October, 1856. Addresses were delivered by Rev. Edwin R. Hodgman, of the Trinitarian Congregational

Farm Products - Manufactures - Statistics. - Lynnfield is essentially a fanning town, and certainly an industrious one, as the following items from the latest returns show.

Farm Products

Boots and Shoes. - Included in the above is that of boots and shoes, the productive value of which is much larger than that of all the other manufactures combined, and foots up as follows :

Schools. - There are three public schools, known as Centre School, South Grammar School and South Primary. Expenditures for schools during the year ending March 1, 1887, $1235.20. Whole number of scholars, May 1 , 1886, between the ages of five and fifteen, 115.

Births, Marriacies and Deaths, 1886. - Births, 11 - 4 males, 7 females. Marriages, 17. Deaths, 15 - 5 males, 10 females ; four were over 80 years old ; Rev. Jacob Hood was 94 and Sophia N. Hood 90, lacking a month.

1635. May 6th, the General Court grants to John Humfrey five hundred acres of land, including what is now called Lynnfield Pond, or Humfrey's Pond, or Suntaug Lake.

1639. March 13th, " Linn was granted six miles into the country," by the court. This was the territory now forming Lynnfield and parts of adjacent towns, and was long called Lynn End.

1658. September 22d, Joseph Newhall, the first settler in Lynnfield of the name of Newhall, is born in Lynn. He was the father of eleven children, all of whom survived him ; was known as Ensign Newhall ; was a Representative in the General Court ; and in January, 1706, perished in a great snow-storm, on his way from Boston.

1733. The following entry appears on the Lynnfield Church records : " December 20, 1733, att a chh meeting, Voted that every communicant of this church shall pay three pence every sacrament day, in order to make provision for the Lord's table." 1749. Hot summer. Great drought. Multitudes of grasshoppers.

1755. November 5th, Rev. Benjamin Adams, third minister of Lynnfield Parish, settled. The most severe earthquake ever felt in New England occurred November 18th.

1759. Died in Lyunfield, June 4th, Margaret, wife of John Briant, of " something supposed to breed in her brain," as the church record says.

1764. On the public records of Lynn appears the following. It no doubt refers to a marriage that took place in Lynnfield Parish, as the Rev. Mr. Adams was minister there at the time, and Gowing was an early Lynnfield name: "Married, Daniel Gowing to Mary Bowers, Dec. 25, 1764, by Rev. Mr. Adams." And it is added that the bride was clothed only in a sheet and undergarment, and those "she borrowed." Probably the bride appeared in that remarkable outfit under the apprehension that if she brought nothing to her husband he could not be held for any debt of hers. But why might she not have borrowed a gown as well as the other articles? Or could it have been a Christmas frolic? Perhaps she was a widow and that her former husband died in debt, for it appears that by an old " legal custom " the new husband could in such case be held responsible for the liabilities of his marital predecessor. At all events, such was the reason given regarding a marriage that took place in Salem, April 21, 1818, where the record says the bride was even less clothed " while the ceremony was performed."

1772. Extraordinary amount of snow in March. Storms on the 5th, 9th, 11th, 13th, 16th and 2Uth. In sixteen days there fell about five feet on a level. On the second Friday in April so violent a storm occurred that drifts twelve feet deep accumulated.

1780. May 19th. The memorable dark day, which extended all over New England, creating great alarm. The darkness was so great that at noon houses were lighted as at night. And the succeeding night was of indescribable darkness, many declaring that it could be felt. The occurrence has never been satisfactorily accounted for. The great astronomer, Herschel, said of it : " The dark day in Northern America was one of those wonderful phenomena of nature which will always be read of with interest, but which philosophy is at a loss to explain." Dr. John Perkins, of Lynnfield, a learned physician and author died, aged eighty-five.

1786. Certain memoranda by Mr. Sparhawk, of Lynnfield, in an interleaved almanac of this year, are of interest in various ways. The mode of reckoning the currency is illustrated in this : "January y" 30th. Bought two piggs by y* hand of Mr. Reed, the barrow weighing 62 pounds, at five pence per pound . . . the other weighing 54 pounds att five pence per pound;" the whole amounting to "two pound, eight shillings and two pence - which is eight dollars and two pence." The following relates to the installation of Rev. Obadiah Parsons over the First Parish of Lynn : " Feb. y* 4th ; Then was Installed att y'' Old Parish, in Lynn, Mr. Obadiah Parsons. Y* Revnd mr Cleaveland of Ipswich began with prayer, y^ Revnd mr. Forbes of Capan preached the sermon, y'^ Revnd rar. Roby, of Lynn 3d parish, gave the charge, y^ Revnd mr. Payson, of Chelsea, made the concluding prayer, and the Revnd mr. Smith, of Middleton, gave the right hand" of fellowship. The gentleman above mentioned was settled in peace, harmony, and concord." Still another memorandum says: "From y* 14th of June until the 13th of July, a very dry time. And upon y® 14th of July, early in the morning, Jove thundered to the left and all Olympus trembled att his nod. The sun about an hour high ; a beautiful refreshing shower. Again, July y*^ 15th, the latter part of y" night, Jove thundered to the left, three times, and Olympus trembled. A shower followed." It will be observed that these memoranda were not made by Rev. Nathaniel Sparhawk, the first minister of Lynnfield, as one or two historical writers have stated, as he died more than fifty years before.

1794. Early part of the winter unusually mild. Thermometer on Christmas day reached eighty degrees in the open air. Water in the ponds sufficiently warm for boys to bathe.

1824. January 21st, Rev. Joseph Searl, fifth minister of Lynnfield, settled. He was the last preacher of the old Puritanical faith settled over the first society, his successor. Rev. Luther \¥alcot, being a Universalist.

1833. November 13th, extraordinary shower of meteors. It occurred early in the morning, and continued several hours. As computed by Arago, not less than two hundred and forty thousand, some of great brilliancy, were at one time visible above the horizon of Boston. They radiated from a point near the zenith, and shot forth with great velocity, bending their course towards the horizon ; were of various sizes, with well-defined trains. Their bodies were not very dense, and though some explosions were heard, most of them rushed noiselessly onward. The "shower," if so it should be called, extended all over the United States ; indeed, over the whole of North America, if not over the whole world, invisible in some places on account of sunlight or clouds. No entirely satisfactory explanation has yet been given. It has, however, been ascertained that similar occurrences take place periodically, though there is no record of any that approached this in brilliancy.

1850. A son of Joseph Ramsdell, aged ten, killed a rattlesnake in July, measuring five feet in length and having eleven rattles. A tornado passed through the westerly part of the town, about three in the afternoon, August 1st, sweeping all in its path. Its track was but a few rods in width, and fortunately no buildings stood therein. August 15th, thirteen persons of a picnic party drowned in Lynnfield Pond. August 31st, railroad through South Village opened. December 18th, Asa T. Newhall died, aged seventyone, and was buried with Masonic honors.

1854. Railroad through Lynnfield Centre opened October 23d. Boundary line between Lynnfield and Reading established. There was a long and unusually beautiful period of Indian summer, ending October 28th.

1858. Magnificent comet (Donati's) visible in the northwest, at evening, for several weeks, in the autumn. The tail was determined to be, on the 10th of October, fifty-one millions of miles in length.

1859. August 28th, brilliant display of northern lights ; whole heavens covered. November 18th, large barn of John Mansfield, South Village, burned, two yoke of oxen and two horses perishing.

1860. Thomas Woodward, a native of Lynnfield, manufacturer of the celebrated Woodward awls, died, aged eighty-seven years. June 29th, the meetinghouse in South Village was struck by lightning during a severe thunder-storm of three hours' duration. July 18t

Source changes here: from The Essex Antiquarian; a Quarterly Magazine Devoted to the Biography, Genealogy, History and Antiquities of Essex County, Massachusetts, by Perley, Sidney, published 1897; 14,020 words in this source stream.

By Thomas B. Wellman

Should my reader be passing through the quiet village of Lynnfield Centre, about a fourth of a mile from its green he may see a triangular-shaped common, whereon for one hundred and eighty- two years has stood the old meeting house, built by the fathers and mothers of the hamlet, and near which they repose in peace. As the junction of Main and Essex streets is reached, he may see a specimen of ye olden time, excellently preserved, a colonial house, its erection dating back perhaps two hundred and forty years. It is a flat roofed, long, irregular building with massive chimneys. Some of the hearths contain tiles brought from England.

The house fronts on a spacious lawn which is shaded by one of the largest willow trees in the United States. This big tree gave the name to the venerable house, Willow Castle. It was brought as a walking stick, from the lands north of the house by one who was bom there, while returning from courting, and is large enough to seat a dozen people upon a section of its trunk. The ponderous branches constantly sway to and fro to a great extent.

The house was built by Nathaniel Gowing, and remained in the family more than a century and a quarter. During the Revolution it was the Norwood house, and for the last sixty years has belonged to the present occupants and their kindred.

In the present Hmits we cannot mention the interesting events in the life of the patriarch which has so long withstood the elements. The lightning has struck its protecting tree, the fire has burned off its roof, and other portions have been similarly devoured, but still it stands. Within its comfortable, but not elegant rooms, events have transpired worthy of record, and could the old house speak we would be glad to listen. Every war (Mexican not excepted) has seen its sons go forth to fight for their country, and many others have gone to distant lands who were an honor to their birthplace. How often have these portals been swung open to receive a new inmate or to carry one forth never to return, and to admit a guest to a wedding. Many a time has some one devoid of a home been tenderly cared for till they were called to the home above. What large-sized families have been reared here ! Sometimes a score of people have called this "home."

The old house is a repository of enough articles of the past to fill a small museum. Of late an old chair of perhaps a century and a half in age has been brought down from the attic and polished till its first mistress would hardly recognize it.

Tradition says that it is the third frame house in town. Its peers are still well preserved and bid fair to stand another century. Hundreds of acres used to belong to the old homestead. Could " Sir Gowing" who built these walls, with oaken comer posts more than a foot square, come from his sleep, probably on some portion of his fair and large domain, and behold on a part of it the railroad, the meeting house, the school house, and,

In front of the house are the ancient marry w*^ Rebecca Tuttle which is now hollyhocks, peonies and roses, and the intended then my wife fhall have her sweet clover, mock orange lilacs, etc., of being in the howfe as is before mentioned later date. In the rear are peppermint, during her Hfe vnleffe fhe fee good to horsemint, catnip, sage, and horse radish, difpofe of her felfe otherwife. But in cafe so plentiful in the olden time. Here, my fonne Richard fhould deceafe w*^- where the Jewsharp was heard is now the out iffue lawfully begotten of his body grand piano, where the little maiden then my will is that all that eftate that is played with broken crockery, blocks and not given to his wife by ioynture fhall rerag babies, the Httle ones to-day have turn to Johan my wife if then living and china and wax dolls with real hair, movable if both dept this life without iffue then my eyes, and screeching voice. In the old will is that fuch eftate of land as remayne brick ovens are no longer cooked the fhould be equally divided betweene my savory viands for the thanksgiving and brother & fifters children that are here Sunday dinner, but the water still comes in New England. I doe hereby give to from the deep well, so well remembered my brother Theophilus Satchwell my beft by friends far away. cloth fute & coate To my brother Cur- land & foe downward to the fea, & fix- Miss Priscilla Adams of Haverhill marteene acres of pafture beyond muddy ried Rev. Francis Welch of Amesbury

Andover Inscriptions

Here lyes Buried y®. Body of M". Sarah Lovejoy, Wife to Cap*. William Lovejoy; Who Departed this Life Oct.'" 17*^ 1747, in y* 62^ Year of Her Age.

With Grace <Sr» piety her days were crown* d^ With virtue bright her lufture fhone around; Reader, could of hes f peak they d loudly cry^ Make GOD your Friend ^^ fo prepare to die.

The Essex Antiquarian Andover Inscriptions

Com^e living friends fee where I ly. Remember you are born to die. But to prepare for death and Heaven Is all for which the longejt life is give'"'.

Daniel Flanders of Amesbury, for two months in 1777 (enlisting May 4, and being discharged July 4), was private in company of Capt. Moses Nowell, Colonel Titcomb's Massachusetts regiment, serving in Rhode Island; two months from September, 1777, was private in company of Captain Leavitt, Colonel Drake's Massachusetts regiment; three months in 1778 as private in company of Capt. Samuel Huse, Colonel Gerrish's Massachusetts regiment ; and six months (having enlisted in 1778) as private in company of Captain Jonathan Evans, Colonel Wade's Massachusetts regiment. He was present at Burgoyne's surrender. He was born in Amesbury in 1 760 ; married Anna Merrill Dec. 16, 1784; and died Jan. 25, 1845. He applied for pension April 3,1818; and this information has been principally obtained from his application. - Mrs, Harriet N, JaqueSf Ottawa, HI.

Exeter falls, sometime of James Wall, meadow in Hampton, bounded by Samwho sold it to Edward Colcord, of whom uell ffogg, Nilus river, and a way by ye of Hampton 5 acres of marsh, being part marsh, conveys to Jn^. Redman of Hampof 10 acres formerly appointed unto me ton 3 acres of meadow in Hampton,

Edward Rish worth, for his brother Mr. land sometime in the hands of Jefferie Thomas Wheelwrite, acknowledges re- Mingay ; 2 ^ acres of swamp sometime cC'ipt, from Robert Smith of Hanipton, Jeffery Mingay's ; and one share of oxexecutor, of estate given him by Susana common; all being in Hampton, Nov. i, Habome of Hampton, 3 1 : 9 : 1659. Wit; 1659. ^^it : Sam: Dalton. Ack. in court John Smithe. Ack. before Ri : Belling- i : 10 mo: 1659. ham, dep : Gov., 31 : 9 : 1659. Samuell Groum of ye City of London, marsh, being ^ of 10 acres formerly land in Salisbury granted to me by Salisgranted or appointed to me in Hampton, bury, Aug. 20, 1658. Wit : Samuell Hall man, my sub-attorney under the above ffletcher. Ack. in court April 14, 1657. power ; and also to give possession of Edward Colcord of Hampton, yeoman, of Salisbury meadow in the higledee Thomas Kimball of Hampton, wheelpigledee lots, bounded by widow willix, wright, and his wife Mary (her m mark),

28: i: 1649, Willi Holdred (his -\- of Hampton 11 acres of marsh "south mark) of Salisbury, planter, conveys to side of fals River " in Hampton, bound- Henry Brown of Salisbury, shoemaker, his ed by Abraham Drake, marsh sometime now dwelling house, etc., in Salisbury ; of Edward Tuck, Mr. Hussie and Hamphis house lot and house lots the grantor ton river, Oct. 6, 1659. Wit: Robert bought of Jn°. Dickison and Jn^. Hoyt ; Tuck and John Gillman. Ack. in court two acres of meadow, bounded by little 4 : 8 mo : 1659.

ton, for SOS., to be paid to Mr. Jewett, convey to Daniell Ela of Haverhill, tanner, two commonages, and 30 rods of land adjoining his tanyard. Wit : Richard Littlehale and Jon Jonson. Ack. before Symon Bradstreet 21 : i : 1659. To be continued.

166. Joseph Andrews of Salem Village married, Feb. i, 1681, Sarah, daughter of John and Mary (Howlett) Perley, and granddaughter of Allen and Susanna Perley. Allen Perley came to America with Governor Winthrop in the fleet of 1629. Sarah was also granddaughter of Thomas and Alice (French) Howlett of Ipswich. - Juliet Porter ^ Worcester.

Editorial Note

The will of Michael Cartrick was proved in the court at Ipswich 30 : i : 1647. Neither the original instrument nor a copy has been found. Can any one inform the Antiquarian as to its contents?

40. Richard Smith of Salisbury came there from England about 1650 or 1651, and lived in Major Pike's family ten or twelve years, till he was of age. He was bom about 1640. See New England Historical Genealogical Register for 1881, page 232. - David W. Hoyt, Providence, R.I.

New Publications

The Planter's Plea is the title of a New England tract printed in London in 1630, and reproduced by George P. Humphrey, Rochester, N. Y., as the July number of his American Colonial Tracts.

The Hammatt Papers. No. 4. Early Inhabitants of Ipswich, Mass. By Abraham Hammatt, 1854. Augustine Caldwell and Arthur W. Dow have printed in this number forty-four pages more of the valuable Hammatt Papers. This number includes names from Heard to Jordan.

The History and Traditions of Marblehead. By Samuel Roads, jr. Marblehead, 1897. This is the third edition of Mr. Roads' valuable and popular work on this unique old town. New chapters and many illustrations have been added, and the volume now contains 595 pages of text, and 138 engravings, including a portrait of the author and many other persons, illustrations of buildings, ships, fishing vessels, local scenery, relics, etc. The quaint customs and weird superstitions of the people and the peculiar houses and streets of the earlier days make the town attractive and its history fascinating. Price, cloth, 8vo., ^3.50; to be had of the author, Marblehead, Mass.

By Wellington Pool

The church was organized Feb. 13, 1755. The first pastor, Rev. Ebenezer Cleaveland, was born in Canterbury, Conn., about 1725; began to preach in Sandy Bay in 1752, in the log school house ; and was ordained over the church in December, 1755. He was absent as chaplain in the French war from 1758 to 1760, being stationed near Lake Champlain, and in the Revolution during the winter of 17 75- '76, being stationed at Dorchester Heights, in Rhode Island, and other places. Returning to his parish, he found very few of his male supporters, some had fallen in battle, others had died in prison ships, many had been lost at sea, and more were serving in the army or on naval vessels or privateers. His people co uld not support him ; and he became for a while superintendent of the Dartmouth college land at Landaif, N. H., preaching there and in neighboring towns. He returned to Sandy Bay in 1785, and preached for several years for what his people could afford to pay him. Subsequently he removed to Amesbury, where he prea ched until about 1797, when he returned to Sandy Bay, Temaining there until his decease, July 4, 1805, ^t the age of eighty.

Rockport Baptisms The Essex Antiquarian

Daniel, son of Nehemiah and Ruth Stanwood,|| Hannah, dau. of John and Ruth Robinson, II Jemima, dau. of William and Sarah Davis, || and Jonathan, son of Thos. and Sarah Dressor,* Sept. 18.

Isaac, son of Lt. John and Abigail Row, J Nathan, son of Francis and Lois Pool, and Nehemiah Grover, son of William and Ruth Boyonton,t Jan. i.

Rockport Baptisms

Abraham, son of Dea. Caleb and Sarah Pool, Edmund, son of William and Ruth Boynton, William, son of Benjamin and Patience Knights, and Martha, dau. of Hezekiah and Martha Lane, Oct. 13.*

Rachael, dau. of Caleb and Elizabeth Norwood, Samuel, son of Samuel Butman, and Nathaniel, son of Daniel and Anne Thusten, Aug. 13, by Rev. Mr. Sherbon.

Jabez, son of Jabez and Hannah Richardson, Moses Plats, son of and Sarah Clark, and Patiance, dau. of Ephraim and Abigail Shelden, Dec. 18.

To My Dear And Loving Husband

If ever two were one, then surely we; If ever man were loved by wife, then thee; If ever wife was happy in a man. Compare with me ye women if you can. I prize thy love more than whole mines of gold, Or all the riches that the East doth hold. My love is such that rivers cannot quench, Nor ought but love from thee give recompense. Thy love is such I can no way repay, The heavens reward thee manifold I pray. Then while we live, in love let's so persever, That when we live no more, we may live ever.

Gov. Simon Bradstreet was one of the more substantial and able supporters of the Massachusetts Bay colony. He was born in Horbling, Lincolnshire, Eng., in March, 1603, being son of a non-conforming clergyman who died when Simon was fourteen years old.

After his father's decease, Simon was committed to the care of Thomas Dudley, with whom he remained for eight years. He then entered Emmanuel college, Cambridge, where he remained a year, having his studies frequently interrupted. He then resided, as steward, in the family of the Earl of Lincoln, and subsequently, in a similar capacity, with the Countess of Warwick.

Mr. Bradstreet married Anne, daughter of Mr. Dudley, with whom he had been brought up, she being but sixteen years of age. Soon after his marriage, he agreed with his father-in-law, John Winthrop and others, to emigrate to New England, and settle a colony. They accordingly sailed in the ship Arbella March 29, 1630, and arrived at Salem June 12.

Mr. Bradstreet spent the summer and winter in Salem, and the next spring, with others, commenced the settlement of Newtown, now Cambridge, residing there several years.

He was granted five hundred acres of land at Salem in 1639. He was also interested in the colony at Andover, building the first mill on the Cochickewick river, in 1644. After living in Ipswich a short time, being there in 1645, he removed to Andover; and was eminently useful in promoting that settlement, being a selectman of the town from the election of the first board to 1672, when his wife died and he removed to Salem. He married, secondly, Anne, widow of Capt. Joseph Gardner, daughter of Emmanuel, and sister to Sir George Downing.

In Andover, Mr. Bradstreet did considerable business in sawing lumber, and shipping it to Barbadoes, where he exchanged it for West India goods, which he brought home and sold. His original residence in Andover was burned in July, 1666, and he built and lived in the house still standing in North Andover on the Boston and Haverhill road. In this fire the family suffered great loss, especially Mrs. Bradstreet, many of her manuscripts and books being destroyed.

Mr. Bradstreet lived in Salem until his decease, March 27, 1697, at the age of ninety-four, the nestor of New England. His remains were placed in a tomb in the ancient Charter street burying ground, his tomb bearing the following inscription, now entirely worn away : -

Simon Bradstreet Gubernator

Mr. Bradstreet came to New England as an assistant in the new government, and held the office forty-eight years. He was the first secretary of the colony, and

The Essex Antiquarian

169 1. His title for many years was "Ye worshipful." He was one of the first commissioners of the United Colonies in 1643, and served many years.

In 1 66 1 he was sent, with Mr. Norton, to England to congratulate Charles II. on the restoration, and to secure their charter privileges, in which they were successful.

Mr. Bradstreet was at the head of the moderate party when the king demanded the charter, and he suffered the reproach of those who objected to its surrender.

He strenuously opposed Andross, and when, in 1689, the people put down the latter' s authority, they made Mr. Bradstreet their president. He continued at the head of the administration till May,

1692, when the new charter, establishing the province, arrived. Mr. Bradstreet was then eighty-nine years old, having been in the service of the colony sixty- two years.

He was puritanic in his religion, and prosecuted the Quakers so severely that Bishop, in his New England Judged by the Spirit of the Lord, called him " a man hardened in blood and a cruel persecutor." He was, however, opposed to the witchcraft delusion.

He was a just magistrate judged by the times, possessing prudence, sound judgment and strict integrity. Believing fully in his mission, he sought usefulness rather than popularity.

san, aged twenty-six, probably his wife. Perhaps he lived at Charlestown in 1674, and may have been the same who died Oct. 6, 1674, at Maiden, whose wife Elizabeth died Nov. -, 1656. His will mentions his wife, probably not mother of any of his three daughters, Mary Clough, Sarah, wife of Edward Counts, both of Charlestown, Ruth Glover, and Hannah, born Jan. -, 1663, unmarried; and made executor Lazarus Glover, perhaps husband of Ruth. - Savage.

Adams Note Will Of Michael Carthrick

The will of Michael Carthrick of Ipswich, dated 16 : 11 : 1646, was proved in the Ipswich court 30 : i : 1647. The following copy is taken from the record contained in the Ipswich Deeds, volume i, leaf 30, the original being missing.

I Michael Carthrick of Ipfwich in New England Carpenter being weake in body but of good memory thanks be to the lord doe make & ordaine this my laft will & Teftament in mann & forme following firft I comitt my body vnto the earth there to be interred according to the difcretion of myne executrix and my foule into the hands of god that gave it and as for my outward eftateas foUoweth Imprimis I leave my wholl eftate of which I am now pofleffed in the hands of my wife to be improved by her for her owne & my childrens good vntill my fonne John fhall accompUfh the age of 21 yeares alfoe I give vnto my fonne John my howf e wherein I now dwell withth e barne out howfes fences & howflottw*^ all thapp^ten*ncs to them belonging and alfoe all other my lands & meadow of which I am now poffeffed to him & his heires for ever when he fhall accomplifh the age of one & Twenty yeares to be deliv'^ed vnto him in good condicon & repaire fitt for habitacon & vfe alfoe my minde & will is That my two children John & Mildred fhalbe brought vp by my wife vntill the tyme of the puttmg forth of my fonne or at his full age & vntill the tyme of marriage or full age of my daughter Alfoe my will is that my fonne

Allen Genealogy

John fhalbe by my wife kept at fchoole pvided there be a fchoole in the Towne where fhe Uveth vntill the age of 14 or 15 yeares yet foe as that at tymes his mother fhall have power as the condicon of the family & her neceffeties fhall require to take him off to be helpful! to her in her bufineffe as the overfeers & his mother fhall fee caufe further my will is that my fonne John at the age of 14 or 15 yeares as the overfeers fhall thinke good fhalbe putt out to fome trade and that his mother fhall then furnifh him with dubble apparrell & pay vnto the overfeers fix^ to be imployed for his beft advantage either for his putting forth or otherwife according to the difcretion of the overfeers further I giue vnto my daughter Mildred ten pounds to be paid vnto her out of the movable goods according to the appoyntm' of the overfeers when fhe fhall have accomplifhed the full age of 2 1 years or at the day of her marriage fhe marrying with the confent of the overfeers & her mother : further in cafe my wife fhall marry whilft my children or either of them be vnder age my will is that my wife & her hufband fhall both ftand bound to fullfiU my will vnto my children according to the true intent thereof and that her hufband Ihall agree with my overfeers for the fullfilling of the fame in defect whereof or of the due vfage of my children or either of them my overfeers fhall have power to difpofe of them by removing of them or otherwife foe as they may fee them fupplied & educated according to the true intent of this my laft will & Teftam* he or fhe paying according to the pporcon of the charge that fhall foe arife about the children And further my will is that my wife fhall not remove both or either of my children out of this Jurisdiccon without the confent of my overfeers ffinally I doe make Sarah my loving wife fole executrix of this my laft will & Teftam* defiring her to fee all things therein to be pformed according to my Intent & meaning therein fpecified as alfoe I doe appoynt our reverend & faithfull Teacher m^ John Norton & Robert Payne overfers of this my laft will & Teftam* and in cafe of the deceaf e or departure of either or both of them I give either or both of them power to appoynt an other or others in his or their place or places In wittneffe to this my laft will & Teftam* I have herevnto fett my hand & feale the 16*^ day of the eleventh month 1646.

Allen Genealogy

Jacob Allen4, born in Manchester June 13, 172 1. He was a housewright; and lived in Manchester. He married, first, Sarah Lee Jan. 3, 1743-4. She died July - , 1765 ; and he married, second, Mary Tarring of Manchester (published Oct. i3» 1765). He died March 23, 1805, aged eighty- three ; and she died Aug. 18, 1 81 5, aged seventy- five.

Dea. John Allen,^ born in Manchester Aug. 4, 1723. He was a yeoman and innholder; and lived in Manchester on the homestead which his father willed to him. He was one of the selectmen of the town in 1759, 1762 to 1769, inclusive, 1777, 1779, 1780 and 1781; town clerk in 1777 and 1778; and a deacon of the church from 1758 till his death, a period of thirty years. He married, first, Lydia Osment of Manchester Feb. 26, 1744-5. She died Nov. 6, 1777, at the age of forty-nine; and he married, second, Elizabeth Pitman of Manchester Oct. 12, 1780. He died Feb. 28, 1788; and his widow Aug. 24, 1794-

Samuel AllenS, born in Manchester March 4, 1722-3. He was a farmer, fisherman and trader at different periods ; and lived in Manchester. He married Sarah Marsters of Manchester Feb. 20, 1750-1; and died Dec. 12, 1814, aged ninety-one. His widow died Feb. 27, 1 81 5, at the age of eighty- six.

Ambrose AllenS, born in Manchester Dec. 27, 1724. He was a mariner; and lived in his native town. He married Mary Bear (or, Bary - publishmenf) of Manchester Feb. 27, 1745-6. He was lost at sea coming from Lisbon, about 1757 ; and his widow died in Manchester May 9, 1799, at the age of seventy. Children, born in Manchester : - 209 - I. Ambrose®, b. March 17, 1746-7. See

William AllenS, bom in Manchester June 9, 1 73 1. He was a mariner; and lived in Manchester. He married Abigail Hooper of Manchester Nov. 7, 1751.

John AllenS, born in Manchester July 3O) 1733- He was a mariner; and lived in Gloucester. He married, first, Sarah Ring of Gloucester (published Nov. 27, 1756). She died, administration being

JosiAH AllenS, baptized in Manchester Aug. 30, 1730. He lived in his native town ; and married Rebecca Tewksbury of the same place Nov. 14, 1754. He died in the Revolutionary war in 1777; and his widow died in Beverly in i82i,at the age of eighty-nine.

Ezekiel AllenS, bom in Manchester June 22, 1749. He was a cordwainer; and lived in Manchester. He married Mary Procter of Manchester Aug. 25, 1 791; and died Aug. 20, 1794. She married, secondly, Maj. Burley Smith of Manchester Oct. 24, 1799.

Samuel Allen5, bom in Gloucester June 3, 1726. He was a yeoman; and lived in Manchester. He married Sarah Goodrich (published Nov. 10, 1759) ; and they were living in 1796.

Joseph AllenS, born in Gloucester Oct. 10, 1727. He was a mariner; and lived in his native town. He married, first, Mary Plumer (published Nov. 25, 1748) ; and, second, Sarah Sargent, about

Capt. William AllenS, bom in Gloucester July 8, 1744. He lived in Gloucester; and married, first, Experience Bennett (published Nov. 28, 1767) ; second, Tabitha Bray Dec. 13, 1770; and, third, Tammy Lane June 30, 1786. Children, born in Gloucester: - 251 - I. Experience", b. Oct. 7, 1768; m.

Isaac AllenS, born in Gloucester, was a mariner, and lived in that town. He married Elizabeth Littlehale June 17, 1760. Administration was granted on his estate Sept. 2, 1765. His widow married, secondly, James Blake, before Oct. 4, 1765. They were living in 1769.

Ezra AllenS, a twin, born in Manchester Jan. 15, 1737-8. He was a fisherman; and lived in Manchester. He married Lucy Bennett of Manchester Jan. 12, 1762; and was lost at sea in

Bartholomew AllenS, a twin, born in Manchester Jan. 15, 1737-8. He lived in Manchester ; and married Jane Morgan of that town March 18, 1760. He died at sea March - , 1770; and she married, secondly, Lawrence McLaughlin of Manchester Aug. 31, 1772.

Andrew Allen,5 bom in Manchester April 15, 1743, was a yeoman and tailor. He lived in Manchester until 1774, when he removed to Wenham, where he remained until 1 781, when he sold his farm there, and after living in Manchester until about 1789, removed to Hopkinton, N. H. He married Elizabeth Killam of Wenham May 31, 1767. She was living in 1789; and he died about 1818. He

271 - VII. Ezekiel® b. in 1780, in Wenham; m, Sarah Roberts of Hamilton; and lived there. They were parents of Dr. Justin Allen of Topsfield.

Nehemiah AixenS, bom in Manchester Oct. 22, 1 741. He married Elizabeth Butman of Beverly (pubhshed Nov. 12, 1762); and lived in Beverly till about 1775, when he removed to Blue Hill, Me.

Nathaniel AllenS, born in Beverly May 30, 1744. He lived in Beverly until about 177 - or 178 - , when he removed to Sedgwick, Me. He married, first, Mary Dodge of Beverly March 19, 1766 ; and, second, Joanna Thomdike of Beverly April 19, 1768. vShe was living, his widow, in Sedgwick, in 1789 and 1797.

Revolution

Solomon Aubin of Newburyport; return of men enl. into Continental Army from 2d Essex co. reg., dated Essex, Feb. 16, 1778; joined Capt. Moses Greenleafs co., Col. Ebenezer Francis' reg. ; enl., 3 yrs. ; alsoy priv., Capt. Greenleaf 's co., Col. Tupper's (loth) reg.; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Feb. 21, 1777, to Oct. 4, 1778; reported, died Oct. 4, 1778; also^ muster return dated Jan. 25, 1778; reported, taken prisoner at Hubelton.

John Augustus of Salem ; gunner, brig. " Union " (privateer), commanded by Capt. Jonathan Gardner ; descriptive list of officers and crew, dated Nov. 3, 1 780 ; age, 29 yrs. ; stature, 5 ft, 6 in. ; complexion, brown.

John Auskenson of Marblehead ; man, ship "Franklin," commanded by Capt. John Turner ; descriptive list of officers and crew, dated Salem, Dec. 2, 1780; age, 17 yrs.; complexion, light; cruise began Aug. 8, 1780.

John Austin of Beverly; priv., Capt. John Gay's co.. Col. Ebenezer Francis* reg. ; pay abstracted for 2 dys., travel allowance sworn to Nov. 29, 1776.

John Austin, jr., of Methuen; priv., Maj. Samuel Bodwell's co., which marched on,alarm of April 19, 1775 ; service, 3^^ dys. [Name crossed out on roll.]

Jonathan Austin of Methuen; corp., Maj. Samuel Bodwell's co., which marched on alarm of April 19, 1775 ; service, 3 Yz dys. [Name crossed out on roll.]