Taunton City (part 8 of 13)

The Alumni awards for 1929 given to students whose records have been outstanding during the year were presented to the winners at a special assembly held February twenty-first at one o'clock. Mr. WooUey was to have presented the awards, but because of his inability to attend, Mr. Robinson presented the honors. Mr. Robinson is the originator of this means of recogniing the outstanding scholastic achievements made at Bristol. The list of those receiving the honors is as follows: First Honors - Raymond Perreault, Gilbert Blackledge, George Cunningham, Philip Erbeck, James Leach, Roy Pearson, Arthur Turner, Clinton Woodward, and Lyle Waite.

Five of this year's honor pupils won first honors last year: Damon Clegg, Roy Pearson, Arthur Turner, Clinton Woodward, and Andrew Isaacsen. Four of this year's honor pupils won second honors last year: James Leach, Ellw'ood Lindsey, Arthur Gaisford, and Henry Brousseau.

Two years ago Roy Pearson won a first honor, and three of this year's honor pupils were winners of second honors in that year, namely: Damon Clegg, Arthur Gaisford, and Elwood Lindsey.

Cheer For Bristol

of high quality cut flowers, potted plants, etc. Mr. Christianson is a fine man to know, and he and his family are the sort of folks most welcome in any community.

The Senior Reception

The members of the Class of 1930 are holding their Reception on March the twenty-first. Plans are in progress for novel decorations and an excellent orchestra. It is the ambition of the class to make this reception the most brilliant in the history of the school. We hope to see a large representation of graduates and friends, and we promise them a very enjoyable evening.

The Chief Of Police

February twenty-eighth Chief M. D. Aldrich of the Taunton Police Department was our speaker. He gave us a heart to heart talk, and we were much interested in what he had to say. He reminisced, somewhat amusingly, on his days in B. C. A. S. in 1913. If one year at B. C. A. S. can turn out such a chief of police as Mr. Aldrich, no doubt the full course would have made him a future president of the United States.

Style Is The Man Himself

It is rumored in school circles that people of the best taste are not purchasing bow ties. Indeed, one of our seniors, Clegg by name, was so shy about procuring anything as outlandish as a jazz bow, that his loyal comrades, fellow members of the class of 1930, rescued him from his grievous predicament. In Fall River they passed the hat. By this means they chartered an expedition to a nearby haberdashery. They brought back to their unadorned classmate, who awaited their return, in the photographer's studio, a beautiful bow tie. Thus was he enabled to appear before the all-seeing camera lense in an attire which conformed with his classmates. Nor did he violate that high ethical code which prohibits the purchase of bow ties.

The Importance Of Being Earnest

When the students enter the Junior and Senior classes each year, they begin to wonder about the possibilities of securing a good position. Naturally they have set for their goal one of the positions listed, as, head gardener, farm manager, or some other executive position. It stands to reason that the fellow who has worked hard in his studies during his sojourn at the school has a much better opportunity to attain success and a good position, than the fellow who was lax. But he has to start at the bottom and "dig hard", no matter what his standing may have been before he started' earning his daily bread.

Now the fellow who has been indifferent and has just scraped by at school has not the slightest possibility of making a successful career. He may be lucky and secure a reasonably good paying job, but chances are that he will not hold the same job for a long period of time, while the fellow that digs is steadily mounting the ladder.

It is quoted that a word to the wise is sufficient, so instead of sneering when you read this editorial, fellows, bury your heads in your text books and make an attempt to capture the key to a successful career.

Looking Forward

The last month of classroom work is now at hand. That does not mean, however, that the program of the student body shuts down for a prolonged season of idleness. Qnj the contrary, for every boy at Bristol who is awake to his opportunities, the summer season provides the most fundamental part of his education - direct contact with, and an active part in farm operation.

It is difficult to say which boy gets the greater experience, the one who swings an ownership project, or the one who takes up other supervised work. In an ownership project you feel the importance of running an enterprise on your own initiative; on your capital, at your own risk. You get the thrill of possession when the product, whether crop or animal, is ready for market. When the profits come in you feel like a small edition of Henry Ford. You've taken your chances in the markets of the world. By your business ability and your industry you have earned a reward. You puflf out your chest. "Future farmer of America? I should say so! I am a farmer and a half already."

Those who are going to have ownership projects in poultry are placing their orders with Mr. March or elsewhere, and are making ready a place

Of course the students who are having a market garden project cannot start until the weather is favorable and soil conditions right. Their main work now is to prepare a plan of their garden plot and explain in detail on paper what crops they are going to grow, how much fertilizer they expect to use, what the expenses will be approximately, and the returns which- may be reasonably expected. This preliminary calculation gives the student a definite goal to aim for.

Two new subjects have been arranged this year in which students may elect their project. They are Floriculture and Farm Shop. Quite a few students have chosen to take them up. It gives those particularly interested in these two subjects a deal of experience as well as a means of earning money.

The boy who, instead of a project, takes other supervised work, misses the thrill of ownership. He has, however, the advantage of being in contact vnth an enterprise which is larger than he could possibly capitalize from his own resources.

Many of us have taken supervised work in orcharding and in general farm work, as it is usually impossible for us to own an orchard or find friends who will let us use theirs for our work. Many students have their project work in the school orchard.

The dairy project is one which can be commenced at any season. This may mean as early in the autumn as the opening of classroom work if the student so desires. Not many students start this project until their classroom studies are well under way. The hours in the dairy are long. The work starts as early as four-thirty in the morning. This makes a severe program for the boy who has to keep up in his studies at the same time.

In another month things will be going along in full swing for the summer, with high hopes for a successful finish. Although a feW of us do not come out on top with our projects, the large majority make an excellent showing. Philip Erbeck, '31.

Come To The Dance A Cosmopolitan Class

It is interesting to obseirve that the personnel of the Junior Class consisting of eighteen boys, represents fourteen different towns or cities. Ten of these are in Bristol County, two in Plymouth County, one in Barnstable County, and one in Long Island. I wonder if any other of the classes can compare with us in diversity of origin.

There will be a basketball game and dance at the Bristol County Agricultural School on March the seventh. The Aggies will play Dartmouth High School in the last league game of the season. The preliminary starts at 7.30 P. M. The Dartmouth boys are coming up with the intention of taking this game, but the Aggie boys, nevertheless, are determined to win. Therefore a fast, interesting game is promised to the fans.

Following the game a dance will be held under the auspices of the Athletic Association. Waterfield's Orchestra will play. You can all plan on a very enjoyable evening.

Edwin Markham

Edwin Markham, dean of American poets, spoke to the school at a special morning assembly, February twentyfirst. This was the third appearance of Mr. Markham at B. C. A. S. and we were certainly proud and happy to have this remarkably fine gentleman for our guest. Mr. Markham read several of his poems in such a way that every one in the audience was keenly aroused. Come again, Mr. Markham!

Athletic Notes

Bristol Aggies won one of their fastest games of the season on the Fairhaven floor, February twenty-eighth. The score at the half was tied, 16-16. The final score was 34-32, in our favor. This wa^ the second victory in One week, as we triumphed over Swansea, February twenty-fifth, to the tune of 35-18.

The Weather

How all the people are enjoying this nice weather we are having! Real summer weather. But to the farmers, or some in certain lines of farming, this moderate weather is "not so good." These premature samples of springtime are unfortunate, especially for the peach orchardist. As every groWar knows, peach trees are susceptible to cold weather, and if it does grow very cold again, and there is every likelihood of it, there will be much wood killed and a very small fruit yield in our section this coming season. So let's hope for the best.

On the anniversary of Washington's birthday, Mrs. Gordon Hickson, nee Beatrice Gilbert, was married at the Farmhouse. The boys who room there enjoyed being treated to refreshments.

You can recall, no doubt, some dull drab kitchens that you have seen - one with gray walls, natural pine woodwork, table, and chairs, dark floor, and black stove; or possibly one with olive green walls, dark red woodwork, gray table and chairs, and white curtains. Neither kitchen has anything to commend it so far as attracti\-eness is concerned, and certainly no homemaker would choose to work in such a gloomy place.

There is no better way to transform the unattractive, drab kitchen into one of charm than to change the color scheme. A can of paint, a good brush, and a few hours of labor will transform a dull, drab kitchen into one that fairly smiles and is a joy to work in.

Already you are making plans for the necessary, though dreaded, spring cleaning; and the kitchen will come in for a considerable part. Why not bring some color into it? Make it as gay and bright as possible. Renew the walls and woodwork, paint the tables and chairs, hang some gay curtains at the windows, and lo! the old kitchen is transformed much to the joy of all who enter. For the walls that are to be done over, one has a choice of many finishes; but it is well to choose one that will be attractive, easy to clean, and durable.

Washable paint and enamel are among the best finishes, for they are labor savers and now that they can be had in such lovely colors, they are more in favor than ever. Then, too, from a practical standpoint, they are sanitary, since the smooth, hard surface collects the minimum of dust and is not aflfected by the steam of cooking. These finishes may be wiped off easily with a damp cloth or may be thoroughly washed without harm to the finish or color.

If the walls are in such condition that they cannot be painted, then one must use some kind of wall covering. If a paper must be used, the varnished kind is a wise choice as it can be washed. It is steam proof, too, so long as the seams are tight and the surface is coated with varnish.

There are many water paints, too, that can be used. These are inexpensive and attractive in color, but they do spot easily and cannot be washed as can the paints and enamels. The unvarnished wall paper is often used and it may be had in attractive colors. It is not a durable finish in that it absorbs grease and steam from the cooking of food, spots easily, and must be cleaned by wiping rather than by washing. This paper can be shellacked and varnished after it is put on the walls to make it waterproof.

It matters not what finish you use for the kitchen, keep in mind that it costs no more to make it sunny and attractive than it does to use the dull, drab colors. It may take a little more time on your part for planning an attractive color scheme, but the results of a gay, colorful kitchen will more than repay for this.

Spring Dishes

At this time of the year, those observing Lent and others wishing a change from meat for the main dish, will welcome fish, eggs, cheese, and other meat substitutes. They are all protein foods and for practical purposes we can substitute one for the other, though each makes its own particular contribution. Eggs furnish iron and vitamins, salt water fish is rich in iodine, and cheese is a very good source of calcium. Some good suggestive recipes follow:

Salmon Loaf

Add lemon juice to salmon, then white sauce, egg, celery, salt and bread crumbs. Shape into a loaf and place in an oiled baking pan. Pour around one-half cup pea juice and bake in a moderate oven until brown and firm. Serves six.

Boil the potatoes, drain and shake them over dry heat until mealy. Boil and dice the beets. Slice the salt pork and cut into fine cubes. Try them out very slowly, do not let them burn. Drain and return J^ cup of the fat to the frying pan. Add 3^ cup flour to the hot fat and stir over the fire until it bubbles. Add 1 cup water and stir until smooth. Add 3 cups milk slowly, stirring until smooth and glossy after each addition of milk. Season to taste with salt and pepper. Keep hot in a double boiler and beat smooth just before serving. Soak the cod fish in warm water for several hours, changing the water at least four times. Just before serving time, move the saucepan to the front of the stove and simmer gently until the fish will flake if broken. Take up on hot platter. Serves 8.

Prepare fish such as haddock, cod, or halibut for cooking, but in suitable sized and shaped pieces for serving, and place in buttered baking pan, first sprinkling the bottom with buttered crumbs. Pour over this stewed tomato, and season and sprinkle with buttered crumbs. Bake in a moderate oven until fish is cooked. Instead of using tomato, milk may be subtituted, and the result is very delicious.

Fry the onions slowly in butter until brown, then put in the tomatoes and simmer for a while. A pinch or two of salt, a spoonful of sugar, and may be a little pepper will add to the flavor ,or rather, bring out the flavor. Break the eggs carefully into a saucer and slip each one gently into the mixture, taking care not to let the eggs touch each other. Take off the fire and put into a hot oven until eggs are cooked. When done, remove and place the eggs on hot toast, pouring the sauce over the top.

Beat egg yolks until light, add milk, salt, and pepper, vegetables and flour. Fold in whites, which have been beaten until stiff and dry. Cover bottom of frying pan with melted fat, turn in the omelet mixture, cook slowly on top of stove until brown underneath, then put in oven at 325 degrees, F., for at least 30 minutes. Serve on a hot platter at once. Garnish with bacon. Corn, peas, green beans, carrots, spinach, or a combination of vegetables may be used.

TW is not the story of the house that Jack built but first installment of the story of the 4-H Club House we hope some day to build on the campus of the Massachusetts Agricultural College.

All over Massachusetts boys and girls are doing 4-H Club Work under the cooperation of the United States Department of Agriculture the State Agricultural College and the County Extension Service.

These boys and girls hear much of the college and many of them hope some day to visit the campus and many others look forward to sometime enrolling in the institution as students.

Each year more and larger groups are visiting the college. There is the group of county and State champions in 4-H Club Work who attend Camp Gilbert the last week in July.

What we need there is a building dedicated to the 4-H Club boys and girls which they will feel is the tie between them and their 4-H work and their State college.

We want it fitted out first as a dining hall but we want it arranged in such a way that the tables can be taken out and at one end a platform so that the whole building can be used for all kinds of recreational purposes. Most of all we want a fireplace around which groups of these boys and girls can gather and the inspirations and dreams which come to those who live as close to farm and home as do our 4-H Club boys and girls may be helped to make these dreams come true.

What could be finer than to erect on the campus of the State college a building dedicated to 4-H boys and girls whose work is to dignify the agriculture and home economics of our State?

Simple plans have already been drawn for a building 45 feet by 90 feet. The platform and the fireplace are included and on three sides is a piazza ten feet wide. Already young people who have heard of what we hope to do have sent in contributions and stories of sacrifice have already made their appearance.

The William F. Howe 4-H Club of North Easton of which Howard Jennings is the local leader was the first club in the State to make a contribution to this building.

We have gone into this building project in the belief that men and women who believe in our 4-H Club Work as carried on by our extension service will be happy to help make our dream come true.

First Edmond Krowiec Attleboro, with an average egg yield of 20.4 eggs per hen; William Lowe of North Attleboro was second with an average yield of 18.2 eggs per bird; Frank Macu£a of Attleboro was third with an average yield of 18 eggs. The next ten in the honor roll are as follows: William

The new issue of the Standard of Perfection issued by the American Poultry Association is now out and is being offered at a reduced rate to 4-H Poultrj' Club members. Any club members who wish to avail themselves of this opportunity should get in touch with the Club Agent at Segreganset.

The Club Agent is also in touch with some new incubators, brooders and hovers which can be purchased at a reduced rate. If interested get in touch with the Club Agent.

Some new literature on the Brooding and Rearing of Chicks and on Feeding Pullets and Hens has just been put out by the Extension Service at M. A. C. If you wish any write to the Extension Service, M. A. C, Amherst, Mass.

Every Poultry Club member who intends to hatch eggs or purchase day-old chicks this spring should be getting under way soon. There are many places to get both good ..hatching eggs and tested day-old chicks. The Club Agent can assist you in this if you will 'tell him soon enough. Do not delay in this if you wish to get eggs next fall and make some money.

The Taunton Gazette, Attleboro Sun and New Bedford Standard are Publishing weekly, on Fridays, a 4-H Club column. Look for news pertaining to 4-H Club doings in your section each Friday.

The final exhibit season of all 4-H Clubs is not far distant and members should be well along with their respective projects. Each club should plan with their leader for a final exhibit and, if possible, a simple program. As soon as possible it would be well to decide on the final exhibit date and then notify either of the Club Agents so that they could arrange for the judging of this exhibit.

A flower or vegetable garden plan should be worked out and the quantity of seed needed figured out. The Club Agent has planting tables, etc., that will aid prospective garden club members in making up their seed orders.

Seed orders sent in early have several advantages. The seed can be tested to determine its quality and then too, early orders are more promptly filled. Late seed orders have to be delayed and in some cases the seed may be all gone.

The new set of tools recently furnished the Club Agent by the Bristol County Agricultural School has inspired many of the Handicraft Club members to get good tools and do much good work.

Class A. Sleeveless and kimono sleeves. (Open to all girls 12 years or under who were not first prize winners in the 1929 contest). Class B. Set in sleeves or ensembles, (open to all girls who are over 12 years with the following exceptions: Girls under 12 years as well as those over 12 who were 1st prize winners in the 1929 school dress contest are disqualified to enter this section of the contest. Material - Cotton Style - Suitable for School. Enter either Class A or B according to qualifications.

Class A. Open to girls who were in the 1929 School Dress Contest. Open to girls over 12 years who are taking Program D or more advanced work; and to other older girls approved by the Club Agent.

One girl may enter 2 contests, but may receive prizes in only one. Judging of dresses will be done both off and on the girls. Posture, personal neatness, accessorifes, shoes and stockings will be included in the judging as well as becomingness, fit, suitability, etc. Dresses and slips must be made entirely by contestant.

A Successful Cooperative

One of the best examples of a successful cooperative purchasing organization is the Eastern States Farmers' Exchange. Beginning in 1918 the tonnage of commodities purchased was 4,290 tons valued at 197,287 dollars.

The growth of the organization has been quite remarkable considering' the keen competition in the commodities handled. Both the tonnage and value of materials distributed have increased each year. In 1929, 222,556 tons of these materials were distributed with a gross value of nearly 12 million dollars.

The Open Formula and High Quality have been the slogans of the Exchange management and these two factors have been largely responsible for the growth of the organization.

Prevention Of Coccidiosis

During the next three months probably more chickens in Bristol County will die of coccidiosis than all other troubles combined. Good sanitation is the one important consideration in controlling this disease. Keeping the brooder houses and surroundings clean, warm and dry will aid considerably in keeping down infection.

Two hundred chickens under a hover will usually grow better, have less disease and mortahty, and result in healthier pullets and more eggs than will 400 chickens under the same sized hover.

Lighting chicks is getting to be popular. Best results from lighting seem to be obtained from low watt lights that tend to keep chicks from crowding and still not enough to let them eat much in the night. A two watt lamp provides all the light necessary.

At the Massachusetts Agricultural College last year, chicks lighted just enough to see their way back to the stove, but not enough to eat during the night, weighed more than the unlighted chicks. The Reds weighed 10% more, the Rocks 8% more and the Leghorns 15% more.

Calendar

The check-up of Bristol County orchards last fall showed that three insect and disease pests were responsible for more than 75% of the cull apples in our orchards. Curculio was the worst offender, Apple Scab second and Apple Maggot (Railroad Worm) third.

Fifteen orchardists in Massachusetts demonstrated their ability last year to grow at least 90% of their apples free from diseases and insect pests. Some growers that sprayed the same number of times produced less than 10% clean apples.

Getting acquainted with and learning how to control the three above mentioned pests may make the difference between 10% clean fruit and 90% clean fruit.

The important sprays for control of Curculio are the Calyx spray, another spray 10 days after the petals fall and again three weeks after the petals fall, using 4 lbs. of dry arsenate of lead to 100 gals, of water. The most important of these sprays for controlling the Curculio is the 10 days spray-

The most important Scab spray is ths Pink spray. Several other sprays, how. ever, are important. The Prepink and Calyx sprays are next most important in controlling Scab. Two gals, of lime sulfur to 100 gals, of water or 8 lbs. dry lime sulfur is the recommendation.

Apple maggot flies appear usually between July 7 and 15. The important spray for this pest is 4 lbs. arsenate of lead to 100 gals, of water applied early in July. Picking up early drops once a week and destroying them will keep a lot of these critters from hatching out next year.

We shall be glad to furnish a complete spray bulletin upon request. Anyone who wishes to enroll in the 90% Clean Apple Club may receive an enrollment card by requesting the same from the Bristol County Extension Service, Segreganset. It costs very little more to grow 90% clean apples than 10% clean.

Cabbage Maggot

The eggs of the cabbage maggot usually appear early in May. They are white in color and are laid on the stem of the plant just above the surface of the ground and are visible to the naked eye if the plants are carefully examined.

The eggs hatch in from 4 to 10 days. The best treatment known for controlling this pest is the use of corrosive sublimate, one ounce dissolved in 10 gallons of water. It may be applied with a dipper and pail, a watering can without sprinkler, or a knapsack sprayer without nozzle. Thoroughly wet the stem of the plant and ground around with about J^ cupful of the solution. Two applications about 8 days apart are usually necessary.

Greatest Profit

The use of complete fertilizer on pastures for the milking herd can result in maximum profit only when the fertilizer is so applied and the pasture so managed as to result in the maximum saving in barn feeding expense and the maximum amount of grazing at the time when extra grass is needed. Men who have had several years' experience with the practice state that complete fertilizer gives much better results when applied very early, say late March or early April, than when applied at a later date, presumably because the plant foods are soaked into the soil, where the roots are, more effectively when the fertilizer is applied early enough to have the benefit of all the spring rains and perhaps a late snow or two. When fertilizer is applied at this early date it may be depended upon in a formal season to give good grazing ten days to two weeks in advance of unfertihzed land. That early grazing, which one would not have but for the fertilizer, is worth the maximum amount because it comes when it is needed and replaces barn feeding. It would be worth much less at the normal peak of good grazing in June.

The best method of management seems to be to apply the fertilizer early, turn the cows on to the fertilized plot as soon as the grass is large enough to provide really good grazing and keep them there until the whole plot is grazed rather closely, then shift them to the unfertilized land, which should be in fair condition for grazing by that time, and keep them entirely off the fertilized plot until it has made a growth of three or four

Federal Farm Loans

Farmers of Bristol County have borrowed more than one million dollars from the Federal Land Bank of Springfield. Probably no other system is so well adapted to meet the needs of the farmer as is the Federal Farm Loan System.

These loans may run from five to thirtysix years at the option of the borrower. The interest rate at present is 5J^%. The interest rate cannot , be raised on a loan after the loan is granted. The interest is not payable in advance as is the case of most farm mortgage loans.

Loans are made only on first mortgage security. The borrower, however, may secure a second mortgage elsewhere. Most borrowers prefer either the 33 year plan or the 36 year plan. On the 33 year plan the borrower makes semi-annual payments of $15.00 on each one thousand dollars borrowed together with interest at 53^% on balance of loan. These payments are due at the end of the six months period. The loan is automatically wiped out in 33 years.

On the 36 year plan the payments remain the same throughout the 36 years. The total payment on a thousand dollar loan on the 36 year plan would be $32.50 at the end of each six months period. This includes both interest and reduction of the principal. The loan is entirely wiped out in 26 years.

Only farmers who are conducting a farm business can borrow. They may borrow up to one-half the appraised value of their land and buildings. The maximum loan is $25,000.

AH appKcations for loans must be made through the local associations. The King Philip National Farm Loan Association will be glad to furnish further information to any farmer who desires such information. E. ROLAND OLDMIXON, President King Philip National Farm Loan Association.

What Is Hay Worth

Listed below are average acre production figures for 1929 of several important hays (CROPS AND MARKETS, December, 1929); also the quantity of protein and calcium produced by them (Henry and Morrison) :

Thus, to produce as much protein as 1 acre of alfalfa, it is necessary to plow, harrow, seed, and harvest 7 acres of timothy; to produce as much bone-building calcium 15 acres of timothy are necessary.

In the heavy livestock and dairying sections, protein is of prime importance. It is usually the most costly factor in the ration. In the following comparison of cost per 100 pounds of digestible protein the prices used are taken from the February 1930, CROPS AND MARKETS. The prices for the two concentrates are f. o. b. Buffalo, New York, and the hay price is based on the average farm value for the United States.

Most soils will grow alfalfa and clover if handled properly. The most common cause for failures is soil acidity. In other words an application of lime sufficient to bring the soil reaction to approximate neutrality is all that stands between a "catch" of clover or alfalfa and failure, in a great many inches. By that time, the unfertilized pasture is likely to be getting short, at which time the cows can be turned back on the fertilized plot. By that method of management, the extra grass produced by the fertilization is used just before and just after the normal peak of best grazing on untreated land and hence yields the greatest possible return in terms of manger feeding saved and increased milk production.

If the fertilization and grazing is not managed about as outlined, there is a strong probability that the extra grass produced by the fertihzer will come on or at least be eaten by the cows at the period when the unfertilized pastures are at their best and consequently will be of minimum rather than maximum value to the dairyman.

The Amateur Poultryman "I am planning to go into the poultry business, etc, etc ", is the first sentence of dozens of letters I have received the past few months from would be poultrymen. Watch your step, should be a slogan for them. It is estimated that the number of chicks produced this year throughout the country will be approximately 17% greater than last year. The per cent of early hatches in Massachusetts this year is quite high. This in itself will enhance the production of chicks in this section. The experienced poultrymen are watching the tape but the beginners are apt to overdo. A complete change of employment at this time, entering a new field, like poultry production on a scale large enough for family support, is plunging. One or two hundred layers as a side line to their regular job are all they should attempt the first year.

Are you saving the date of June 7 to hear Dr. Caroline Hedger? If you have never heard her you can't afford to miss this opportunity. She will have a real message for everyone.

Clothes Clinictrend Talkstyle Show

Perhaps the seasons' wear and tear has produced worn spots, or a moth eaten place has made its appearance. Perhaps there is a spot you have not been able to remove or the sun has changed the color of some favorite garment.

If you have such a problem, (and who has not?), bring it to the Clothes Clinic to be conducted by Miss Esther B. Cooley, State Clothing Specialist, at the Bristol County Agricultural School on April 30 at 1:30 P. M. This part of the program is to be followed by a discussion of spring style trends and their adaptations to individual types. This will be illustrated by fabrics which Miss Cooley will bring with her. We also expect to show some garments with accessories from local stores.

New fashions call for more carefully fitted garments and many women find that dress forms they formerly used are on longer suited to their needs.

There will be an opportunity for seven teams - five to a team - four to make the form and one model on whom it is to be made. The new simplified method makes it possible to make these forms in less than thirty minutes. Materials for these forms, complete with standard, will cost approximately $2.00.

Supplies must be ordered and arrangements made, so those who are interested in making a dress form should get in touch with Blanche W. Eames, Home Demonstration Agent, Segreganset, immediately.

How To Wash Cotton Blankets

Wash in haste and there'll be no need for repentance as far as cotton blankets are concerned. Quick and careful laundering with a minimum of handling is necessary to preserve the tiny air cells that lend warmth to bed coverings of this type.

Dissolve the soap in hot water and add cold water until the temperature is about 110 to 112 degrees Fahrenheit. Immerse the blankets and plunge them in and out of the water, squeezing the suds gently through the fabric without twisting or rubbing. If the blankets are badly soiled

If out-door drying is practicable, hang the blankets on the line without squeezing and let them drip. Otherwise gently press out the water and hang them in a wellventilated room to dry. Place them with one half their weight on either side of the line so as to keep them in shape. - The Cleanliness Institute.

What'S What In Food

Answer: Yes, it is a protein food, but it is incomplete and can not be used in the body unless in combination with some other protein food. The small amount used in salads and desserts does not add much nutrition value to a meal, but is important because it is a carrier of flavors and makes certain common foods more attractive.

Answer: They are made from rennet, obtained from the membranes of the stomachs of calves, lambs and other young animals. Junket tablets are used in making very wholesome milk desserts for children. Question: Why do the smallest sized peas cost so much more than the peas of the larger sizes?

Answer: The Brussels sprout is in reality a miniature cabbage, sometimes called the aristocrat of the cabbage family. They are called Brussels because they were originally cultivated in Belgium.

Now is the time for all members of the family to get out in the sunshine. From now on until fall, the sunshine contains six times as many health-giving rays as during the fall and winter months.

bed early - waken with joy; bed late - cross girl or boy; bed early - ready for play, bed late - moping all day. bed early - no pains or ills, bed late - doctors and pills, bed early - grow strong and tall, bed late - stay very small.

If the baby is to develop a sound nervous system, he needs to be quiet and free from irritation He is a human being, not a plaything, and should not be exhibited on every occasion, bounced, and talked to loudly After the first two or three months, the parents will wish to hold him and play with him for a few minutes every day, but he should not be overstimulated

Junior 4-H Club Activities

The Eleventh Annual Junior High School Day is to be held at the Bristol County Agricultural School on Saturday, June 14. The next issue of the Bulletin will give detailed program of the events of the day.

Junior 4-H Club Activities

Your club must hold its final exhibit before June 10. Therefore, please see to it that your club plans an early date and arranges with either of the Club Agents for judging. A simple program may be planned at the time of the exhibit if the club members and leaders so desire.

The main summer projects are Canning, Flower Garden and Vegetable Garden for the girls and Vegetable Garden, Poultry and Flower Garden for the boys. Minor projects may also be taken in Small Fruits, Pig, Dairy or Room Beautiful. Enroll now and get an early start.

The 4-H Livestock Exhibit, which is to be held at the Brockton Fair early in September, should be particularly attractive to club members interested in raising either cattle, swine, sheep or poultry. Club members should not overlook this fine opportunity to win some of the good prizes that are to be offered there.

The County Club Agent in this county, Edwin R. Wyeth of Segreganset, has been appointed superintendent of this department at the Brockton Fair this year and Mr. Herbert M. Ashley of Berkley is assistant superintendent. All club boys and girls, if at all interested, should communicate with us. You must start soon if you wish to have good stock to exhibit by September 9.

The first three prizes in the county for February went to Chester Butler, Taunton, First; Edmond Krowiec, Attleboro, Second; and John C. Mann, East Taunton, Third.

Those on the honor roll following the three named above are Nicholas Todaro and Lester Ralph, North Attleboro; George Steele, Frank Macuga and Noel Eamerand, Attleboro; Mercedes Frates and John S. Perry, Dartmouth; Vincent Dionne, South Rehoboth; Walter Dean and Frank Lewis, Taunton, and Alfred Doel and James Brodie, East Taunton.

Don't forget every poultry club member is setting a goal this year. They should hatch their chickens early, by May 1st for the heavier breeds like Rhode Island Reds, Rock and Wyandottes, and not later than June 1st for the lighter breeds like Leghorns, Anconas and Minorcas.

Be very careful in the feeding and raising of your young chicks. A new bulletin on the Brooding and Raising of Chicks is just out. Send to the Club Agent for one.

There is to be a conference of Garden and Canning Club leaders and members at the Norfolk County Agricultural School, Walpole, on Saturday, April 26. Anyone interested to go may do so by getting in touch with the Club Agent, E. R. Wyeth, or Miss Dorothy M. Stewart, Assistant Extension Agent at Segreganset.

A club exhibit and program is expected of every 4-H Club The purpose of the exhibit and program is to show to the public in that community the work of the 4-H club members, as well as the meaning of the 4 Hs in the lives of its young people.

Exhibit time is close at hand. Is your club going to be a banner club? A banner club is one whose members have all finished the required work, exhibited, and sent in a report.

Arrange for a place in which to hold your exhibit. It is good training for club members to take as much of the responsibility in the preparation and carrying out of the program as possible.

White paper on a table will make an exhibit of any kind look neater, with the exception perhaps of white articles of clothing, which show off well against a black cambric background.

What should I do before I plant my garden? Did you ever ask yourself this question? Stop and think a few moments of some of the things that every garden club member can do before his garden is ready to plant. Then, if you think them worth while, go ahead and do them.

1 Have you ordered your seeds from a reliable seed dealer, or are you going to buy seeds you now see in the store window, put up in pretty looking packages? In the end you will save maney by purchasing in bulk or from a rehable seed dealer. Remember, cheap seeds are not always the best.

2 Perhaps you have a plan of your garden on paper so you will know just where certain vegetables are to be planted and how far apart to plant them. If you have never made a plan of your garden before, try it this year.

3 Many garden club members are in too much hurry to put their seeds in the ground. Be careful and not plant when the soil is too moist as the seeds may rot in the ground.

5. There are many insects and diseases that attack vegetables. Garden club members should know what these are and what to do for them. Get some books from your library and read about these insects and diseases.

Do you think this program worth following? It ought at least to give you help in making an early start and should be of use to you in raising vegetables.

Fertilizer Recommendations

- General recommendations for fertilizers for various crops have been issued by Ralph Donaldson, extension agronomist at the Massachusetts Agricultural College.

"The old standhy of farm manure is especially valuable for working into soils which are plowed where the organic matter of the manure will be of "most benefit lo crops," he says. "Rarely, however, does the average farm produce enough manure to supply all the plant food required for seedings as well as to -maintain mowings an,d pastures that also may badly need fertility. Ordinary, Double or Triple Strength

"Farmers are finding the use of double strength materials like 10-16-14 or 8-16-16 as good for raising crops as ordinary grades like 5-8-7 or 4-8-8. The advantage lies in the lower cost of the former and the less material to 'handle. ,

- "Other still more concentrated materials like ammo-phos-ka or nitro-phoska (eq.. 15- 30-15) also have given good results on -various truck and grass crops when applied in proportionate amounts. One difficulty is to secure proper distribution of the smaller amounts that need to be applied. The tendency, however, seems toward a greater use of such materials but it is well to learn first to use them on small areas.

"The following suggestions may serve to indicate general fertilizer recommendations, but they do not cover specific soil conditions or numerous grades of materials that might be used.

Reinforce manure - with superphosphate where no other fertilizer is to be used. 50 lbs. or so added to each spreader load of manure makes the load equal approximately to 100 lbs. of a 10-13-10 fertilizer instead of a 10-5-10. Some fanners use 1 lb. of superphosphate per cow per day in the stable to secure the same results.

For silage, small grain, grass, or swcel clover seeding - Use (1) 'Reinforced' manure alone; (2) manure and 200-400 lbs. of 2-12^, or proportionate amounts of double or triple strength of similar ratios; or, (3) without manure, 400-800 lbs. of 4-8-4, 4-10-6, or 2-10-8 for legumes.

May 19 - Acushnet Poultry Association at the Acushnet Grange Hall, Discussion of Cooperative Egg Marketing. " 21 - County Twihght Pasture Tour. " 29 - Statewide Pasture Field Day at M. A. C, Amherst. June 0 - Lamb Cutting Demonstration at Fall River Gas Company, Fall River at 2:30 P. M. June 7 - Annual Home Bureau Day. June 14 - Eleventh Annual Junior High

High School Day

HIGH SCHOOL DAY The Eleventh Annual Junior High..School Day will take place ^t the ^ristol County Agriculutral School, Segreganset, on Saturday, June 14th.

The fine large silk flag, which has been presented by the Bristol County Agricultural School, will be up again for competition. It is necessary for one school to win this flag three times to gain possession of it. The Junior High School at North Attleboro has already won it twice.

Boys and girls in all the 7th, 8th and 9th grades, together with their teachers, principals and superintendents are cordially invited to attend.

Lamb Cutting Demonstration

Housewives of Fall River and vicinity should find valuable assistance in solving their many problems of meat selection and preparation in the demonstration to be given for them on Friday, June 6th, at 2.30 P. M., at the Fall River Gas Co. This program has been made possible through the cooperation of the county extension services and the Massachusetts Agricultural College. There is no admission charge and everyone is cordially invited to attend.

Prof. V. A. Rice of the animal husbandry department of the college will lecture on various phases of the subject of meat which will be of parrticular interest to the housewife

Appearing with him on the program will be Max 0. Cullen, lamb derftonstration specialist of the National Live Stock and Meat Board. Mr. Cullen not only will cut up an entire carcass of lamb in the latest approved tashion but will offer a great deal of informafion concerning this meat which has been generally overlooked in the past, it is said.

Cream Regulations To Be Enforced

We have been informed, officially, that the State Board of Health will proceed to enforce the regulations in regard to the sale and distribution of cream in Massachusetts. The law became effective October 1, 1929, but inspectors have reported many milk dealers are not complying with the law, wlich is as follows:

And Grades Of Cream

SECTION 1. Chapter ninety-four of the General Laws is hereby amended by striking out section twelve and inserting in place thereof the following: - Section 12. The Massachusetts legal standard for milk shall be milk which upon analysis is shown to contain not less than twelve per cent of milk solids and not less than three and thirty-five hundredths per cent of milk fat. The Massachusetts legal standard for skimmed milk shall be skimmed milk containing not less than nine and three tenths per cent of milk solids exclusive of milk fat. The Massachusetts legal standard for cream or ungraded cream shall be cream which upon analysis is shown to contain not less than sixteen per cent of milk fat. The Massachusetts legal standard for the grades to be known as light cream, medium cream, heavy cream and extra heavy cream shall be cream which upon analysis is shown to contain not less than sixteen, twenty-five, thirty-four and thirtyeight per cent, respectively, of milk fat.

SECTION 2. Said chapter ninety-four is hereby further amended by striking out section twenty-one and inserting in place thereof the following: - Section 21. No person, himself or by his agent, shall sell, expose for sale, or have in his custody or possession with intent to sell, cream not bearing, upon a label, cap or tag in legible bold-faced letters of not less than twelve point plain gothic type, a statement of one of the following designations conforming to the legal standard for the particular grade or kind as set forth in section twelve: "Light Cream", "Medium Cream", "Heavy Cream", "Extra Heavy Cream", "Ungraded Cream", or "Cream" together with the percentage of milk fat contained therein which shall be not less than sixteen per cent. Whoever, himself or by his agent, sells, exposes for sale, or has in his cugtody or possession with intent to sell, cream not bearing a designation as hereinbefore required, or cream bearing such a designation and not conforming to the legal standard set forth in said section twelve for the grade or kind so designated, shall for the (Continued on page 3 col. 1 )

Cotton Favored In Latest

Cottons play an important part in the new spring modes. Many smart women are choosing blouses of batiste, dotted Swiss, lawn, pique, muslin, and other cotton fabrics to complete their tailored ensembles for town wear. Delicate touches of cotton lingerie are inserted in bodices and at the wrists of afternoon gowns, while crisp collars, cuffs, and vests of pique and organdie emphasize the simplicity of many of the new sports frocks. On the dance floor and at the formal dinner, charming garments of organdie, net, and embroidered batiste have won an established place.

In addition to the materials more commonly known, many new cotton weaves in solid colors and figured patterns are being displayed. A loosely woven cotton that looks like knitted fabric is especially well adapted to the tailored blouse. So are the cotton jerseys, and the many novelty variations of pique, madras, and damask. Cotton net is used more frequently in the frilly type of blouse with lace trimmed jabot or touches of hand embroidery. The approved colors range from white and the pastel shades of pink and blue to vivid orange, red, and the more staid browns and navy blues.

Because cotton is sensible as well as smart, it can be readily adapted to garments for every occasion. Now more than ever before do women strive for daintiness, whether they are engaged in business activities, sports, or the more leisurely social pursuits. And in no other fabric is the appearance of daintiness easier to achieve than in cotton.

Laundering presents no problem, even to the woman without domestic inclinations. The inexperienced laundress must remember that a colored or figured garment, whether it is made of cotton or any other material, is best washed separately with lukewarm water and mild soapsuds, even if the fabric is guaranteed to be "color fast." White cottons can be placed in the tub with the rest of the family wash and laundered in the usual way. - Cleanliness Institute.

Kenworthy Hits The Trail

'How the years roll by ! Not, of course, for the very young, but as one grows a bit older, the time from Christmas to Christmas that looks so great a span to children becomes but like a day. It is five years since "Ken" joined us as an undergraduate; five busy years, during which friendships have been made and proven. Now Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Kenworthy and little Joan have moved away to their own stone cottage home on the hillside among the tr-ees.

As we called there last evening they were not at home. One lone electric light glimmered in the living room of their comfortable bungalow. The baby carriage and two bottles of milk were on the side porch, so we knew they had just stepped into the runabout to take a spin along the water front after the unusually sultry day. Two baby Jerseys were grazing unafraid on their lawn. The chickens in the nearby poull^ry houses had already tucked themselves away for the night.

Thus we found things when we undertook to visit this school boy and school girl of five short years back, in the new home. They together have made it and already have taken their places in the busy life of a busy world. They have "hit the trail" of the millions of mature men and women who carry on the world's work.

Kenworthy's tireless activity as an undergraduate - at his studies and at manual work, in basketball and other athletics, in every activity in the role of pupil or in official capacity carrying special responsibility - insures his future well-being and progress wherever the trail of mature life may lead him.

As many who read this will already know, the particular task to which Kenworthy has gone takes them not far from their old home across the City of Fall River into the lower edge of Tiverton, Rhode Island. His job is as manager of a poultry plant with an initial chicken population of about 700 mature birds and 2000 chirpers. Good equipment and buildings, opportunity for development, a good market for his product, are other right factors in his new outlook.

Some who were earlier acquainted with Kenworthy at school may not knoW that recently he has discovered that he possesses an unusual baritone voice, another source of genuine pleasure and profit whether or not he turns it into cash. And then there is the surest bet of all, the young woman who quite some time ago consented to accompany him as partner along the trail! So here's every good wish from many real friends to "Ken" and Lois and little Joan as they strike out along the long, long trail. We know well that it will lead them into the land of their dreams.

Herbert Given

Few young men have gone out from B. C. A. S. with more good will from all with whom he came in contact than Herbert Given. When on May 3 he began testing for the Bristol-Pljmioutih Herd Improvement Association the many who knew him were glad that he had found employment to his liking. Then he had been on the job only three or four days when his car brakes did not behave, and as a result he got splashed with sulphuric acid. It is "tough". Our sympathy is with Herbert Given. The final w'ord as to the seriousness of his burns has not reached us when this is written. Given's presence of mind in immediately reaching for the hose and washing away the acid, his quiet courage throughout, and his thoughtfulness for his home folks are characteristic.

Arrangements have been made by Mr. Ide and Mr. Millard for Elwood Lindsay to "carry on" for Given until he is sufficiently recovered again to take up his cow testing work.

"Phil" Mosher is spending the summer in Middletown, R. I., at the Simmons Farm. "Phil" is herdsman, teamster, farmer and general superintendent, working with pure-bred Holstein cattle. The work has its attractions, but I think the real attraction is elsewhere (nearby).

Elwood Lindsay has been using his skill as carpenter the last month as well as a modern mechanic, building fences, setting pines, and at present is testing milk. We are wondering how long he can be away from East Providence.

"Speed" Mayo is at the Dana Farm in Fairhaven. "Speed" was homesick at first. He loves to change his clothes for milking because he has to take his shoes off.

Fred Mayo just can't leave Orleans. We can't tell why as yet. He is working on a duck farm, although we always thought he liked "chickens" the best.

Herbert Henry has enrolled as a regular student and will be in classwork next fall. He has charge of the saddle horses and is driving the black pair of horses.

Melvin Wedmore is tractor chauffeur and is turning our land over in a hurry. He is going to take care of a flock of chickens for Mr. Hawkes as a project.

Hood, '33, is at home with his father who has a large daily farm in Rehoboth. He is carrying on a garden project. Lavigne, '28, is working on the same farm.

Saunders, '33, is with his uncle in Rehoboth. Mr. Chaffee is a splendid man to meet, and from all appearances is an excellent dairy farmer. Saunders has the care of the kitchen garden.

Barros, '33, is on a small but model estate in Dartmouth. The superintendent notes a great change in Barros since he spent a year in B. C. A. S. Says he is more interested, dependable and is altogether a different lad.

Cruickshank, '33, was plowing his garden when last visited and has an excellent plot on which to carry on his vegetable project. His home is in Easton.

All those having orchard projects are fairly well started in the work. Pruning has been done and at least one spray put on. Brbeck, on the Ames farm in Easton, has been mulching his trees as well as pruning and spraying. Mulch used was musty hay and strawy stable manure put on for the purpose of conservation of moisture and, later, protection of drops. Part of the time Erbeck spends in the barns working with the famous Langwater stock. He enjoys this work but says there is nothing to compare with a well kept apple tree in full bloom.

Swanson is also trying hard to put an average farm orchard on a more productive basis. His trees consisting of the usual farm assortment of old varieties, have received a thorough pruning, and this week were treated with pink spray, put on with the aid of an ex-army spray cart.

Poultry Department

April 15, Hugh Kenworthy, '28, who was foreman at the Poultry Plant for the past year and a half, resigned, to accept a, position in charge of the poultry plant at Mr. Roy F. Seattle's Winnisimet Farm, located in Tiverton, R. I. "Ken" was a hard worker while here and we wish him- luck on his new job.

Except for the loss of chicks by fire early in the season, our mortality has been very low. We had one lot of chicks show the first symptoms of coccidiosis, but prompt use of the milk treatment successfully combated what might have proved a serious condition.

We have sold two lots of broilers at the prevailing low prices. Egg production has been keeping pace with our orders so that we have been able to supply our customers' demands satisfactorily.

Fruit Department

Personnel Mr. W. T. Petty, Instructor Damon Clegg, Foreman George Cunningham Clifford Hoole Encouraged by the purchase of a new Bean Sprayer with 200 gallon capacity. Department 3 filed application for the "Ninety Per Cent Clean Apple Club". Up to the present time the orchard has received four sprays - delayed dormant, pre-pre-pink, pre-pink and pink, and everything looks good for a recordbreaking clean fruit crop. Clean cultivation is being practised this year as one means to the control of curculio.

Between the rows of trees in the South orchard we have 2 acres of Extra Early Golden Bantam sweet corn which has already appeared above ground. The remaining 2 Vz acres are planted to Whipples Yellow com.

The Department this year did quite a business in strawberry plants, selling about 12,000 at $7.50 a thousand. Besides this number, our new bed, which is about 2/3 of an acre, required 6000 plants, all of the "Howard 17" variety.

After taking the mulch from the berries we used it to mulch our currants. Every year the Department has difficulty in keeping the weeds down because of the closeness of the plants and the heavy soil. Mr. Pettey decided to try mulching, and so far it is working out well.

This year the Department is boasting about its fine raspberry bed. The varieties are Latham and Cuthbert, and the canes are from four to six feet high.

We have just finished putting a single wire down the center of each row. Sixinch cedar posts are used at each end of the rows and quarter round cedar posts, spaced 25 feet, in the rows. We are tying the hills to the wire, which is No. 11 wire, leaving 5 or 6 sturdy canes per hill.

The Department has started a demonstration plot for small fruit. At present we have six different varieties of raspberries set out to different systems of training, and two varieties of blackberries. The strawberries are set out to the following systems - hill, single hedge row, double hedge row, and narrow matted row.

Field Crops Department Notes

The Field Crops Department planted five acres of Whipples Yellow sweet corn the first two days in May. Ten quarts of seed were used per acre. It was fertilized with five cords of manure and 400 pounds of a 5-8-7 fertilizer at planting. Later a side dressing of 200 pounds of 5-8-7 and 200 pounds of Nitrate of Soda will be applied.

We have also planted five acres of certified Irish Cobbler potatoes. The seed came from Prince Edward Island and was unusually good. Fifteen bushels were planted to the acre. The piece was fertilized with five cords of manure and 1400 pounds of 8-16-16.

first offence be punished by a fine of not more than fifty dollars, for the seocnd ofifence by a fine of not less than fifty nor more than one hundred dollars, and for a subsequent offence by a fine of not less than one hundred nor more than two hundred dollars.

Big Cows Usually More Profitable

Dairymen often ask the question whether large or small cows are more profitable. Circular No. 114 of the United States Department of Agriculture gives the Summary of 220,000 yearly individual records of cows in Herd Improvement Associations. These records show quite conclusively that with the breed the heavier cows in general excelled the lighter cows of the same age in production and income above feed cost.

The larger cows ate more in dollars worth of feed per cow than the smaller cows, but they more than paid in production for the increased cost of feed.

Size of cow is only one of the factors that influence production and income above feed costs. It is not wise, therefore, to buy dairy cows on the basis of size alone. It is true however, that if two cows are equal in all other respects the larger cow may be expected to produce more milk and return a larger income.

"One method is to use 200 lbs. or so of organic 'conditioner' with the ordinary chemicals in order to keep the mixture from lumping if it is to stand more than a day after mixing. Because the 'conditioner' is expensive only a small saving is usually effected.

"A more common practice in home mixing is to omit the 'conditioner', in which case a larger saving is effected but the mixture must be applied the same day as mixed otherwise it soon hardens.

"Tons of Extra strong grass topdressing mixture for immediate spreading may be made by mixing 500 lbs. of sulphate of ammonia, 300 of nitrate of soda, 900 of superphosphate and 300 of muriate of potash. This mixture would analyze 7.37% nitrogen or 9% ammonia, 7.2% phosphoric acid and 7.5% potash."

The chief feature of the Annual Home Bureau Day will be Doctor Caroline Hedger's talks. She will speak at both the morning and afternoon meetings. The enthusiastic comments of those who heard Doctor Hedger at our Hone Bureau Meeting in 1926 are the best proof of the treat in store for all who attend our meeting on June 7 of this year.

Other items on the program include the election of the 1930 Home Bureau officers, a resume of Extension Work in Home Economics in Bristol County for 1929 and a forecast of what is in store for 1930, as well as special music.

Arrangements have been made to have some one care for the children, so pack a lunch in a basket and take the babies under your wing and come prepared for a busy, happy day.

Fifty-one different women representing seventeen communities in eleven different towns attended the Clothes Clinic, conducted at the Agricultural School in Segreganset on April 30. Nineteen brought problems in remodelling for Miss Cooley's suggestions.

Irene Fagin, Home Demonstration Agent of Butte County, California, says in her annual report: 'The demonstrators who made a comparative study of the ready-towear and homemade garments, carried on various demonstrations. Some of them made comparisons of costs of dresses for girls of high school age, which resulted in the following conclusions being drawn:

(2) When a little money was saved in making a cheap dress, the quality was slightly better. Most of the demonstrators believed that if a person was very busy, the saving was not sufficient to warrant the time spent in sewing.

(3) The value of each dress depended somewhat on whether or not the individual to wear it was easy to fit. Some of the women said they spent as much time and effort in trying to get a readyto-wear dress that would fit as they did in making one.

(5) Figuring hours in making and the difference in price between homemade and ready-made garments, the demonstrators estimated that the amount they earned by making garments at home varied from 8 cents per hour to $2..50 per hour.' "

Question And Answer Column

Ansioer: Vegetables baked, boiled or steamed in their skins retain the most food value and are generally more appetizing than when prepared in any other way. They should be served raw whenever possible.

Answer: Cabbage, like all strongly flavored vegetables - this includes onions and turnips - should be cooked with the cover off for three reasons. It is less strong in flavor, more easily digested, and leaves less odor in the house. When cabbage is shredded, it should be cooked in a small amount of water for ten or fifteen minutes, and the juice served. If it is cut in quarters, twenty minutes cooking should be sufficient.

Answer: Some vegetables such as potatoes, beets, carrots and parsnips may be cooked in the pressure cooker. It should not be used for strong and green vegetables. The green ones lose their color and the flavor is changed when they are cooked in this manner.

Ansiver: Yes, and they are excellent this way. Of course the young tender ones should be chosen. They are especially good served as a salad with a hot vinegar and bacon fat dressing. Sometimes cold potato or hard cooked egg is added. Or they may be combined with lettuce or other greens in any kind of a salad. Spinach, watercress, or almost any green vegetables may be used raw in a salad or sandwich.

Answer: As early as eighteen months, if they are grated or finely ground or shredded and made into sandwiches between thin slices of bread and butter. Spinach, carrot, cabbage, celery and lettuce are among the first ones to be given.

"During childhood, the best dental conditions are observed when the child receives one quart of milk daily, plenty of green vegetables, and a reasonable amount of hard foods that require vigorous chewing." - llousiiwUI N utrition.

It is now final exhibit season for the winter clubs including Clothing, Food in all its branches, Handicraft, Poultry and Forestry. The Poultry and Forestry exhibits are not required for a pin, all others are. It is desirable, however, to have these exhibits with others wherever the various clubs exist in one school or community. It is well to include the exhibits of all the clubs and club members.

May 2 at 2:00 P.M., Berkley Common School, all clubs; May 6 in the evening at Pleasant Street School, South Rehoboth, all clubs; May 13 in the evening, William F. Howe 4-H Club, Easton at Harmony Grange Hall, all clubs; May 15, early evening at Raynham Center School, all clubs; also North Raynham School at 2:30 P.M., all clubs; and County Street School, Taunton at 3:30P. M., all clubs; May 23 at Job Gidley School, North Dartmouth, at 7:00 P.M., all clubs; May 27 at the Furnace School, East Freetown at 2:30 P.M., all clubs; June 5, Poquanticut 4-H Club, North Easton in the evening, at the home of Miss Edna Utton. Parents and all interested are invited to attend any of these final exhibits.

Plan Now for Fall Fair. It is not too early to plan for exhibiting at the fall fairs. This would include the starting of chicks early so that they will be full grown by September and October. The gardens should be planted so if you wish to exhibit at the fairs in the fall. Canning of fruits and fruit products, vegetables and vegetable products should be started soon also.

The articles made in clothing and handicraft clubs this past season can be used for exhibiting at the fairs in the fall. There will be classes for Forestry, Rabbit and Room Beautiful club members also at most of the fairs this fall.

Sept. 9 - 13, Brockton Fair - Poultry, Livestock and Scholarship and judging contests in Dairy, Garden, Poultry and Home Economics. Sept. 14 - 20, Eastern States Exposition, Springfield - Poultry, Livestock and Judging. Sept. 23 - 27, New England Fair, Worcester - Livestock, Poultry, Canning, Vegetable and judging. Oct. 9 - 10, Bristol County Young Farmers' Show, Segreganset - Exhibits in all branches and judging in Vegetable, Poultry, Clothing, Handicraft, Food and Canning.

The Forestry Club project is a year round project and it is not expected that those enrolled in it should finish up their work this spring. Those who enrolled early this spring in the work are expected to get at least 15 leaf prints or specimens of leaves, 15 or more mounted specimens of cross sections, twigs or flowers or fruit of 15 specimens and do a certain amount of general forestry work as setting out young trees or other work with trees. The leaf prints can be made more easily in the summer than at any other season.

If any forestry club member wishes, however, to make an exhibit of any of his or her work at final exhibit time it will be perfectly all right.

The results of the County Egg Laying Contest for March are as follows: First prize ribbon, Nicholas Todaro, North Attleboro, 25.3 eggs per hen; Second prize ribbon, George Steele, Attleboro, 24.1 eggs per hen; Third prize ribbon, John Mann, East Taunton, 23.2 eggs per hen.

The following were on the honor roll, having an egg production of 15 or more eggs per hen - Horace Clough, Walter Dean, Chester Butler, Charles Belcher, George MacCallum, Alfred Doel, James Brodie, George DeMoura, Taunton; John Moskol, Leo Bergeron, Frank Macuga and John Anacko of Attleboro; William Loew and Lester Ralph, North Attleboro; William Pearson, Charles Davenport and John Cahoon of Fall River; Albert Robideaux, Mercedes Frates, John Perry, Ralph Doran, Jr. Raymond Harrington and Bernard Paquette of North Dartmouth; Jack Briggs, Mansfield and Malcom Leffort, Rehoboth.

Nearly all the varieties of common vegetables may be planted by this time. About the only exceptions are melons, peppers and squashes. Second plantings of corn and beans may be planted at this time.

Watch for the first garden insects. Cut worms will probably be seen first, or, rather, the results of their destruction. Sprinkle poison bran mash about the garden. The cucumber beetle and potato beetle appear soon after the young plants appear. For each of these insects spray with arsenate of lead. Send for a bulletin on "Garden Insects and Diseases."

Are you interested in canning or learning to can? Now is your opportunity. Canning clubs are being organized for summer work and if you are planning to raise the vegetables to can now is the time to think about it.

Do you know how much canned food your family consumed during the past winter? What foods did they like best? These are the things to can for next winter.

This summer the girls in Bristol County are planning to fix their rooms over. Are you interested to enter a Room Beautiful Contest? Would you like to change the color scheme of your room, or the arrangement of furniture? Do you like to make new accessories for your room? The Contest will begin June 1 and will close September 1. Join the Room Beautiful project and see what a good looking room you can make.

The Sectional Cotton Dress Contest will be held at the Bristol County Agricultural School, Segreganset, on June 28. The winners of Barnstable, Dukes, Plymouth and Bristol Counties will compete.

Miss Esther B. Cooley, State Clothing Specialist, will be the judge. The winners of the .sectional contests will compete at Camp Gilbert for State honors.

The Clubs that have been carrying the Health Program this winter should arrange for their local Health Contest. One candidate may be sent from each club carrying the Health Project to enter the county contest to be held at the Bristol County Agricultural School on June 28. The local contest must be held before June 28. All health record books must be in the hands of local leaders before the local contest. It is suggested that the judges be either a school nurse or doctor for the local contest.

Soften butter and cream with sugar. Add juice and rind of lemon, and beaten yolks of eggs. Mix baking powder and salt with fiour and add to first mixture alternately with milk. Fold in beaten egg white. Bake in moderate oven in pan of water. Serves four.

The fourth annual meeting of the New England Institute of Cooperation will be held afthe Rhode Island Agricultural College at Kingston, June 18 to 21 inclusive. This meeting will be of especial interest to farmers interested in cooperative marketing.

One of the speakers on June 18 is to be Mr. Charles S. Wilson, the fruit and vegetable representative of the Federal Farm Board. His topic will be "What Should New England Agriculture Expect From the Federal Farm Board?" Mr. Wilson has had a wide experience in cooperative marketing.

There are many other interesting features of the program including a Rhode Island Shore Dinner. For a complete program address the Secretary of the New England Institute of Cooperation, 36 Exchange Place, Providence, R. I.

The tomato growers of Dighton are doing some pioneer work in cooperative marketing. A progressive group of the growers recently incorporated for the purpose of cooperative grading, packing and marketing their tomatoes. They will have a central packing house where the tomatoes will be brought directly from the fields. There will be a machine for cleaning the tomatoes and a machine for sizing. The tomatoes will probably be packed in three different sizes with two grades for each size. It is expected that the association tomatoes will be sold through one wholesale house in Boston and another in Providence.

Although Bristol County is small in area the county ranks in agricultural products with the leading agricultural counties of the State. The following figures are taken from the 1929 Crop and Livestock Review of the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture. The yields are for the year 1929: Continued on page 4

Bristol-Plymouth Herd Improvement Association

6. A check or money order for two dollars ($2.o0), payable to the Treasurer of Massachusetts Agricultural College, and a letter of history should accompany the shipment. Reports are not forwarded until payment is made.

7. Suggested points of history are source, (purchased or home hatched), age, when first signs of disease appeared, number died, sick, and exposed, and possible suspected causes of the trouble.

Experiments, of real value to market gardeners, are being conducted under scientific and capable management at the Station. Your time spent at the Station will pay you good dividends in dollars and cents. You will also meet the best market gardeners of the state at this field day as well as hear a worth while speaking program.

"Before investing in new market gardening equipment, uncertain brands of fertilizer, "Cure AH", sprays and dusts, and other items advertised under high pressure salesmanship, determine first from The Field Station whether the thing has been tested here and with what results.

Tractors are playing a more and more important part in our farm operations. There has been a steady improvement during the past ten years in the types of tractors offered for sale.

The Market Garden Field Station at Waltham has had a good opportunity to try out various types of tractors and can offer valuable suggestions to any one interested in the purchase of a tractor.

There is to be a contest in Worcester early in July to pick the State Champion, one boy and one girl, to attend Camp Gilbert, the last week in July. One boy and one girl will go to Worcester from this county to compete for these honors. The names of these candidates will be given in the next issue of the Farmers' Bulletin.

A neat little 4-H card acknowledging the contribution from a club member toward the 4-H building to be built at M. A. C. and signed by the State Leader, George L. Farley, is on hand at the office of the Club Agent at Segreganset. Please send for one if you have contributed.

Changes are rapidly taking place in the poultry industry. Among the most noticeable are the changes taking place in incubation and brooding. A number of electric cabinet incubators have been installed in Bristol County this spring. The reason for this is the greater compactness and reduced labor requirements. There were more early hatched chickens this year than ever before. Nearly all chicks are being started in confinement. The long pipe brooder house is rapidly coming back. Many modifications of the older types are being installed. Smaller brooding units are being used and- cockerels removed from pullets as early as possible. Sun porches and portable shelters are becoming more popular.

An increased use of prepared insulating board is noticeable. Some poultrymen with deep houses find it advantageous to run the perches in their pens from front to rear, and provide adjustable dropping tables which can be pulled out from the back walls for increased air circulation in the warm months.

Poultrymen are taking more interest in marketing. Eggs are being more carefully handled and graded. The use of the New England label is slowly but surely increasing.

At a recent meeting of poultrymen in Acushnet Mr. Nolan, Manager of the Eastern Connecticut Cooperative Egg Marketing Association discussed the cooperative marketing of eggs. The organization of which Mr. Nolan is manager markets about one-fourth of the eggs sold in the city of Providence.

Vaccination has proved of great service in immunizing the pullet flock against chicken pox during the favorable growing months of the summer.

This looks like a poor time for beginners to start in the poultry business. Indications are that there will be narrower margins of profit in the poultry business the next two years. The poultryman who makes good will be the man who has good birds, who makes use of labor saving equipment, practices systematic culling, careful management and uses good marketing methods.

High average egg production is the most important single factor in determining poultry profits. Flocks which average 154 eggs will pay $1.00 per bird more profit than flocks which produce 120 eggs.

A wet mash mixed with milk or a mixture of corn meal, ground oat groats and semisolid buttermilk are good feeds to keep up summer production.

Black leaf 40 (Nicotine Sulfate) is effective in keeping down lice. It is applied to the top of roosts with a paint brush shortly before birds go to roost. Fumes from the nocitone sulfate penetrate the feathers without any apparent ill effect upon the birds.

Unfortunately this copy of the Bulletin must go to press before our Home Bureau meeting on June 7, so that no account of the happenings of that day will be available until the July number appears.

About three hundred and fifty Bristol County women have expressed a desire for the home canning letter series. A total of about .5000 women over the entire state are receiving these letters.

Speaking of canning - be sure to pack a few jars of each thing that you do up for exhibit. For the first time there is to be a place on the premium list of Homemakers' products at the Young Farmers' Show in October. A detailed list of the classes and prizes offered will be available soon.

With at least three hundred and fifty Bristol County women doing canning this summer there should be a large exhibit available for our October Fair.

Something new in the form of a program for homemakers is being offered by the department of food preservation at the Massachusetts Agricultural College at the time of the annual Farm and Home Week program which comes July 29, 30, 31, and August 1, according to W. R. Cole, extension specialist in food preservation.

Furnishing everything from aprons up, the department will give a three-hour laboratory class in canning, jam making, and jelly making to the first 120 women who make written application with the department.

Thursday, July 31, is the date set for this new class which will be divided into two sections of 60 each, one in the forenoon and one in the afternoon, the number of each class being limited to 60 due to the capacity of the laboratory. Two of the three hours will be given over to the actual work of canning and jelly and jam making, while the third hour will be a round table discussion of questions brought in by the women.

In order to make proper preparation, it will be necessary as far as possible, says Mr. Cole, to have advanced registration, and the first 120 women to sign up will be given the opportunity to take this laboratory work. If you wish to register for these groups, clip out the coupon and mail to W. R. Cole, M. A. C, Amherst, Mass., before July 10. Check your preference for morning or afternoon.

B. C. A. S. News

Bristol County was first in the Bay State to organize a Young Farmers' Association. Three years ago some of the younger farmers of the county got together at the Agricultural School and organized to promote their own farming interests, but particularly to assume responsibility for the premium list and conduct the annual Bristol County Young Farmers' Show.

Last evening, May 27, the Committee on Organization and Finance of this Association met at the school. Reports showed the organization in a healthy condition, but important steps were taken to extend the active membership of the organization and add a group of Honorary members.

When you hear from the Secretary you will learn the terms and conditions of membership, and have opportunity to become a member of this organization that has already made a creditable record, and is sure to give a good account of itself in the years ahead.

The members of the Executive Committee of the Bristol County Young Farmers' Association are; Mr. Elmer R. Wood, Raynham, Pre^dent; Mr. Douglas W. Francis, Taunton, Vice-President; Mr. H. Judson Robinson, Segreganset. Secretary; Mr. Joseph Hass, Rehoboth, Treasurer; Mr. Elbert H. Welch, East Freetown; Mr. Walter R. Baylies, Taunton; Mr. Charles Oliver, Jr., North Dartmouth; Mr. Carl Ericksen, Westport; Director G. H. Gilbert, Segreganset, Adviser.

Mr. Warren L. Ide as County Agent and Mr. C. Laurin March as General Superintendent of the Bristol County Young Farmers' Show usually meet with the committee as ex-oflficio members.

Don'T Quit

Did you ever consider what an interesting diversion it would be for Henry Ford, if the poWer could be given him, to follow the "career" of each of his Ford cars as they carry their human load? Suppose Ford could watch the movements of each of those millions of cars as they go out from his factories like peas from a boy's pea-shooter, as they carry humanity to and fro to the daily tasks, in outings of joy and pleasure and love-making, or on errands of sympathy and service, what a diverting spectacle that would bel

Well, whatever else is to be said of the educator, this is one tjrpe of experience that he may enjoy to an unusual degree. Somewhat as others, spend their time moving their men in a game of chess, or play their jacks, and aces, and kings, and queens at the cards, the educator plays a vastly more interesting game with living boys and girls.

Not the least of the many young folk who have come and gone, only frequently to return, in the procession through this little school is the record of Freeman Waldo Cook.

A volunteer in the French Ambulance Corps before America joined in the World War, he saw real service in that rough struggle. Then a year at Iowa

State College, a hospital experience, some time at Rhode Island State College, two undergraduate and two P. G. years at B. C. A. S.; two busy stays in Southern California to safeguard his vigorous health, and to North Carolina State College to pursue the study of Poultry Science and Biology under Dr. Kaup.

"Cookie" has won high place at N. C. S. in scholarship, in the undergraduate life. A member of four or more of the Clubs and Fraternities, including the Phi Kappa Phi scholarship honor, he comes through in two and a half years with his Bachelor's degree this June.

But more than that, the North Carolina State College has awarded Cook a two-year fellowship amounting to $750.00 a year to continue graduate studies in poultry science and biology for his M. S. degree.

Yet the outstanding trait of "Cookie" is, after all, his clean, sterling manhood and charming personality. One who has rubbed shoulders roughly with the boys in the Servdce, learned to handle the boxing gloves as a favorite sport, yet you discover in him a refinement of manner and a gentleness of spirit such that he is at home in any company.

When so well merited, why keep such bouquets solely for farewell occasions, or reserve them only to be brought out by the dramatic or spectacular events?

Valorus, Chatterbox and Spot> - slick and fat and anxious to canter daily with someone astride, on bridle paths of unsurpassed beauty and charm. And Spot is owned by the Boys' Forum.

And there's the CANOE. One at least. An eighteen foot Kennebec purchased by the classes of 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930. It was damaged in transit but another is on the way. Who knows? Perhaps there'll be others, with a rattling good Canoe Club and an Annual Regatta. What sport along that lazy and picturesque Taunton River!

Of course every member of the faculty has in his possession an automobile, a regular galaxy running from the proverbial Ford to a haughty Peerless Eight. However, reservations need to be made early since they are subject to demand for family night.

Farm Shop Department Mirroring One Another

;We have mounted the new two-hundred gallon sprayer on the old sprayer wagon and replaced the shafts with a pole. A two-inch supply pipe, installed at the west side of the shop, fills the sprayer tank in two minutes.

A coal bin has been constructed in the large head-house. This will permit a larger supply of coal and prevent coal dust from getting on the plants.

The Farm Shop Department, with the assistance of other departments, has laid about 850 feet of 11/2 -inch galvanized wrought iron pipe, connecting the brooder house, garage, dairy and horse barns.

Dairy Department Notes

We have just started house cleaning, washing, painting, etc. Repairing doors seems to be our main job. Bennett says doors are made to break anyway.

One dollar in every three invested in livestock on farms of the United States is invested in dairy cattle of Holstein- Friesian breeding. A conservative estimate of this value, not including grade bulls, is $1,603,875,000 compared to a total farm investment for livestock of $4,858,389,124.

If we didn't know" differently, We would think Irving Wheeler was doing time at Sing Sing. On two visits we found him busting rock. But what are rocks for a B. C. A. S. boy, clearing the old farm for vegetable gardening in West Dighton.

Our Director, Mr. Gilbert, gave the address of the evening to the Taunton American Legion Post, May 28th. The Auxiliary, eighth grade students and some of our own boys were there. Mr. Wyeth's family trio was there, with rippling music. Mr. Gilson is finance officer of the Legion. Mr. Gilbert talked about B. C. A. S., which is only natural for the Commander of the Post hit the nail on the head when he said, "that

Andy Isaacsen is hammering away with vim and spirit ten and a half hours a day spraying, plowing, cultivating, milking, and driving the tractor. And, lest we forget, trying to grow a mustache and buy an auto down at Holliston Hill Orchards in HoUiston.

Clarence Johnson, a sophomore, is Working at Acre Ridge Farm in Marlborough. He has plenty to do with 1500 White Leghorn Hens, 6000 youthful ones, 2500 fruit trees, mostly apples. The very first month he received a raise.

Mr. Everett Hewitt of Taunton is the recently acquired caretaker of our altogether lovely Main Building. We pledge him our co-operation by taking a pride in it ourselves. We'll watch our steps and see that they are clean.

Francis, Leach and Sprague, parading around on the School Farm are doing a lot of hammering at least. Anything from a bulkhead door to an ash can constructed to order. Brousseau and Gurecki are busy most of the time, the former playing nursemaid to a bunch of chicks, and the latter trying to learn to drive a team. The horses ran away with Pete this spring, result: Pete had a split head requiring three stitches, and damaged feelings. Blackledge is a budding florist. He knows every flower and plant in the greenhouses by their first name. Shaw is recovering from a severe kicking received at the hands of (or rather feet) a cow on the Ulmer Farm in Chartley. At present he is the head pusher of the apparatus that keeps the grass clipped short around the B.

We are glad to know that good old Herbert Givens is smiling through after having discovered that "it's more necessary to stop a car than it is to start one."

Vegetable Gardening Department

Under the direction of H. Judson Robinson some most intensive work is being done both in the greenhouses and in the fields. There has been a constant stream of choice blooms at all times in the greenhouses, and the tomatoes filling one house are simply gxeat. They vrere set the last week in March by the Freshmen, and at present are nearly seven feet high and carry several clusters of fruit. Many clusters contain ten tomatoes. One cluster was found with more than twenty. The first ripe tomatoes were picked on May 6th. They are very firm and are yielding a crop that receives many compliments.

Garden crops now in the field include 35,000 lettuces, 20,000 cabbages, and three-quarters of an acre of asparagus. An acre of mangels wUl be sown at once.

The best paying crop in the greenhouses has been the snapdragons. We put in a small plot occupying a half bench measuring four feet and ten inches by twenty-four feet. Cutting commenced at Thanksgiving time and still continues. Gross sales have amounted to over $100. One bench of calendulas was noteworthy. It reached its prime a week ago Thursday and on the following Monday over 500 excellent blooms had been sold at fifty cents a dozen.

The following pupils are in this department at present: Norman Clegg, James Marsden, Leon Walker, Melvin Courtney, Frank Mendoza, Manuel Rogers, Gilbert Blackledge, and Clifford Hoole.

Carving The Stone

Isn't it strange that princes and kings. And clowns that caper in sawdust rings. And common folks like you and me. Are builders for eternity? To each is given a bag of tools, A shapeless mass, and a book of rules; And each must make, ere life is flown, A stumbling-block or a stepping-stone. - Selected.

"I never kneW until I got a car," said the bishop, "that profanity was so prevalent." "Do you hear much of it on the road?" "Why," replied the bishop, "nearly everybody I bump into swears dreadfully." - Credit Lost.

A good start is very important for a canning club. The first meeting is always for the purpose of organizing. Organization means choosing officers, committees for planning future meetings and deciding when and where the club shall hold these meetings.

Successful canning by each member and by the club depends on (1) proper equipment; (2) good jars and rubbers; (3) fresh raw material; (4) careful preparation and packing; (5) correct processing; (6) attention to details after processing, such as cooling, wiping and labelling. This last point is especially important for a satisfactory score on the exhibit.

Break the whole egg in a bowl. Add dry ingredients and one tablespoon of lemon juice or vinegar. Beat slightly with a Dover egg beater. Add oil one-fourth cup at a time, beating until thick. Add remaining acid after all oil has been added.

Note: The important thing in this recipe is to have a good egg beater and a bowl which is somewhat rounded on the bottom and not too large for the egg beater. With this type of equipment, the result is excellent and without it, it is likely to be a failure.

Cut bacon in small pieces and cook until crisp. Remove pieces of bacon. Add vinegar to fat and let come to a boil. Pour over endive, onion and salt. Stir well, and serve.

Vegetable Dinners

With the advent of warm weather, vegetable dinners are gaining in popularity, both at home and in public eating places. A vegetable dinner may be very delightful or quite the opposite. There are several things to remember in planning and combining a vegetable plate.

4. Have variety in method of preparation, for example one raw vegetable, one buttered vegetable, one creamed or escalloped vegetable, and perhaps a broiled or stuffed vegetable.

Pick over tapioca and soak one hour in cold water to cover, drain, add to milk, and cook in double boiler until tapioca is transparent. Add half the sugar to milk and remainder to egg yolks slightly beaten, and salt. Combine by pouring hot mixture slowly on egg mixture, return to double boiler, and cook until it thickens. Remove from range and add whites of eggs beaten stiff. Chill and flavor. Pour over drained canned peaches.

Scald one cup of milk with grated chocolate, sugar, and butter. Add egg yolks, slightly beaten, and cornstarch, diluted with remaining milk, and cook ten minutes, stirring constantly until mixture thickens and afterwards occasionally. Remove from fire and fold in beaten whites. Add vanilla.

Let foregoing ingredients stand until the gelatin is dissolved, then add: ?4 cup ground carrot ?4 cup chopped cabbage J4 cup chopped green pepper Salt or celery salt Stuffed olives (not essential) them. Say it with cauliflowers. Fill your candy basket with fruit. Up nights - down days. Drink creamy milk and rise to the top. Out of the frying pan into the kettle. Exercise your body - not your tongue. The unhealthy bird catches the germ. Invest in yourself. Vegetables will always

"During childhood, the best dental conditions are observed when the child receives one quart of milk daily, plenty of green vegetables, and a reasonable amount of hard foods that require vigorous chewing." - Household Nutrition.

Kill a fly in spring, you've done a splendid thing. Kill a fly in May, you've kept thousands away. Kill a fly in June, they'll be scarcer soon. Kill one in July, you've killed just one fly.