Adams Township (part 2 of 3)

Rodney Jenks, son of David, was born May 2, 1823. He married Sarah Rebecca, daughter of Samuel Byard. They had five children - George, David, Hannah Ann, Alden and Martha Ellen, only two of whom, George and David, are now living. Rodney Jenks resides near Ogden, on what was once known as the Micajah Stratton farm.

Isaiah Quinby was born in Lancaster County, Penn, January 30, 1799. He married Elizabeth Moore, daughter of Elijah and Sarah Moore, of Center County, Penn. They emigrated to Ohio in 1826, coming down the Ohio River from Pittsburgh to Cincinnati in a skiff. He first settled in Warren County, near Hisey's Mill, where they lived for a few years, and then removed to Chester Township, near Oakland, where they resided until the fall of 1839, when they removed to Adams Township, near Lytle's Creek, where he purchased a farm of one of the Holaday's, being the same since owned by Joseph Stratton, Jr. They had eleven children, viz., Sarah Jane, Aaron B., Josephine E., Thomas M., Miriam E., Ezra A., Mercy Ann, Isaiah W. , Elijah, Hannah Sophia and Jesse Cutler. Josephine, wife of R. A. Washburn, died July 23, 1859, and is buried at Lytle's Creek. She left one child, Josephine by name. Mercy Ann, wife of George Gillett, died at Bedford, Iowa, in July, 1873. She left three children. Sarah Jane and Elijah died in infancy.

Elizabeth Quinby died December 23, 1858, and is buried at Lytle's Creek; she was a member of the Society of Friends. Isaiah Quinby married a second wife, by which marriage there was one child, Harris Quinby; he resides in Iowa. Isaiah Quinby moved to the vicinity of Hawleysville, Page Co., Iowa, in 1866; he died in March, 1873, in the seventy-fifth year of his age, and is buried at Hawleysville.

Dr. William W. Sheppai'd, of Sligo, Clinton County, is a practicing physician of large experience. He is the son of Levi Sheppard, and -was raised in Wilmington; he came to Adams Township in 1848, where he has since resided continuously, except a few years spent in Illinois. His wife'B name is Elizabeth, daughter of Humphrey Riddle; they have had three children, viz., Shotwell, Rachel and Levi. Their daughter died a few years ago, and is buried in Sugar Grove Cemetery. Dr. Sheppard was born March 20, 1821. Both he and his wife are consistent members of the Society of Friends, and enjoy the confidence and respect of all who know them.

By A. H. Harlan, New Burlington, Ohio Geological Structure

THE rocks composing the foundation of our superstructure are of the Hudson period, Lower Silurian age, and paleozoic era of the world's formation. These rocks are of the class limestone, and were formed from a " calcareous organic sediment " at the bottom of the sea. In other words, they were composed of the lime- like substance of the shells of the mollusca, or sea-living animals of that period, and from an argillaceous or clayey matter carried into the sea by the ever advancing and retreating waves upon the land. To use the words of J. S. Newberry, Esq., the chief geologist of the Ohio survey: "In the advance inland of the sea line, the first deposit from the sea would be what may be termed an unbroken sheet of sea beach, which would cover the rocky sub-structure of all portions of the continent brought beneath the ocean. Over this coarser material would be deposited a sheet of finer mechanical sediment, principally clay, laid down just in the rear of the advancing beach ; and, finally, over all, a sheet of greater or less thickness of calcareous material, destined to form limestone when consolidated, the legitimate and only deposit made from the water of the open sea." These rocks in time, or as centuries followed centuries, and the ever and unceasing changes of nature went on, became covered with drift, first of blue clay, then followed by alluvium, from which in time sprang forth vegetation, and when found by the settler of the eighteenth century, was covered by an unbroken forest. Looking upon this scene with an eye for the beautiful and mysterious, an admiration and reverence for the Power that wrought these mysteries, one cannot but see that the conclusions had been drawn and the result known ages before the completion of this great sub-structure. No mistakes were made, but, on the other hand, these laws, when once set going, continued on and on in an unceasing performance of their duties until the end had been reached and made ready for the coming master-stroke of this great architect, man.

If we could but follow man from his first appearance upon earth on the high table-lands of Central Asia, up through the long ages of his wanderings in a darkened and benighted condition, until the closing years of the eighteenth century of the Christian Era, when we find him planted upon the shores of the New World; if we could have passed with him through all his battles for civil and religious freedom, and witnessed his many attempts at establishing a government shorn of all prejudices and superstitions; or if to-day we could look back upon him (in all these ages) with a supernatural vision, we could but re-admire the mysterious workings of the Prime Architect and Builder of all this. But space forbids, and we can only refer to him as he emerges from his baptism of blood in that century, and find him again established with civil and religious liberties as his chief corner-stones; but at what a sacrifice!

Location

The township of which I write is located in the extreme northwestern corner of Clinton County, and is bounded on the east by Liberty and Union, and on the south by Adams, each and all sister townships of Chester. On the

From east to west, its width is four and eighty-seven hundredths miles; from north to south its length is six and thirty-one hundredths miles, and it contains within its boundaries thirty and seventy-three hundredths square miles. Its altitude above low water at the suspension bridge, on the Ohio River, at Cincinnati, is about four hundred and fifty feet; above the sea level, about nine hundred feet. The declination is from northeast to west and south. Before the organization of Clinton County, about one-fourth of the lands now embraced in our township belonged to Warren, and prior to that to Hamilton County. At the establishing of Clinton County in 1810, it was one of the three townships into which the county was subdivided, viz., Chester, Richland and Vernon, and was by far the largest in both area and population of the three. The boundary lines of that day are, however, in great part but tradition of today, so that just where the lines were that separated Chester from her sister townships the writer of this cannot fully determine. Enough for the purpose to say, however, that they included all of Liberty, a part of Wilson, then on a line south so as to include Wilmington, and to a point where a line drawn west would include the northern half of Adams. It then followed the line of Warren to Greene, and the latter to the place of beginning.

It remained in this form until the year 1813, when Union was established from Chester, Richland and Vernon; hence the name. In 1817, Liberty, and the now west part of Wilson, were taken, to be followed in May, 1849, by the -southern part of Chester, going to form the northern part of Adams; since then no further change in the territory has been made.

Of the larger streams or water- courses of the county, none extend for any distance within our corporate limits. The waters of Dutch Creek coming in below the center of our line on the east, flow but a few miles southwest, then join with those of Todd's Fork, just without our borders. Anderson's Fork, in its long, zigzag wanderings across the plains of Richland, Wilson and Liberty, to enter our borders on the east, stops but briefly to lave the soil of Chester, and then glides into Greene, re-entering inside the lines, however, in time to flow southwest across our northwest corner, and unite with the waters of Caesar Creek as they enter northwest and flow southeast. Then these two journey on for a short distance only, when they by a southwest departure, disappear into Warren. But the tributaries of these streams are sufficient and proportionate to the drainage necessary for the lands, the principal ones of which are Buck Run, Turkey Run, Trace Branch, Jonah's Run and Layton's Run. These, with the exception of the latter, are tributaries of Caesar Creek, the former of which rises in Liberty Township on the lands of Allen Hiatt and flow westerly through the former into the latter, entering Caesar Creek at the point where it departs into Warren. The directions of the three remaining tributaries of this stream are from east to southwest, with, however, one exception, and that the latter, which has a northwest by west course until after passing out of the township, when it assumes more of a northwest course. Layton's Run is a tributary of Dutch Creek, and rises on lands now owned by Newton McMillan and the heirs of Job Jeffries, flows southeast, and enters the lands of Emma Buckley.

As I said in the beginning, the lands of Chester were covered with a dense growth of forest trees, the following in part being the species to which they belonged: Oak, beech, cottonwood, black walnut, hickory, buckeye, butternut, elm, ash, sassafras, gum, thorn, ironwood, honey locust, hornbeam, maple and poplar; and while these species of the flora of our laud wore not confined to any one section of it, yet some grew more numerous than others, and the exv ceptions I shall note are the oak, maple, beech, hickory, poplar and sycamore. Of these, the former grew in all its majesty and beauty in the neighborhood of Oakland, the maple over all the territory, the beech likewise, as well as the hickory, while upon the water-courses we find the sycamore, and on the hillsides and adjoining, the poplar.

The surface of our township can be divided into two classes, viz., the northern half undulating, but not so as to seriously interfere with its cultivation or allow of lands that cannot in some manner be utilized. The southern half has, properly speaking, more of a level cast, and in the early days was somewhat retarded in its settlement and cultivation. The soils of the township are well adapted to all kinds of small grain, and, in fact, to the various kinds of agricultural pursuits. The principal crops are corn, wheat, oats, flax, hay, and Irish potatoes, while in some localities rye and barley are raised every year; they are not, however, considered in these statements as belonging to our crops. The breeding and raising of horses, cattle, sheep and hogs are also engaged in quite extensively, and many fine animals of each breed are to be found in our township.

The lands in Chester, as indeed all those in the county, are of a class known as " the Virginia Military Lands, " and were surveyed, entered and patented for and by the soldiera of the Continental establishment of Virginia, in the war for independence, or their heirs-at-law. Virginia had in that war two classes into which her troops were divided. First, the Continental, or, under the National Government; second, State troops, or militia. Virginia, as you are already informed in this volume, claimed under three separate charters from the crown of England, bearing date April 10, 1606, May 23, 1609, and March 12, 1611, all the lands then known as the "Territory Northwest of the River Ohio," which, on March 1, 1784, she conveyed to the National Government, through her Delegates in Congress, Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, Samuel Hardy and Arthur Lee, reserving, however, so much as would become necessary to discharge a debt then existing against her, and going to her soldiers who had enlisted under certain acts passed by her, and by which they were entitled to lands for their services. To this the National Government consented, and by so doing brought into history the lands referred to. The territory set apart consisted of a tract of land of 6,570 square miles, or 4,204,800 acres, situated between the Scioto and Little Miami Rivers, with a frontage on the Ohio River covering that distance. It then extended north until the head-waters of all south-running streams were reached; hence, Clinton County is one of the counties embraced therein.

In Chester there are eleven complete and eighteen fractional surveys, covering 20,123 acres; and, while it is not my intention to go into a full and detailed history of the original settlement of each survey, I propose to occupy considerable space in that direction, for I am frank to acknowledge that the searching out of these early, and in fact, earliest settlers, has been to me a source of peculiar compensation; and I am fully persuaded by the hearty co-operation I have everywhere met with throughout the length and breadth of our township, that the plan will be met with general satisfaction by all. These patents, then, open the history of our township, in the earliest days of the present century, and, as my pen takes up the thread that will weave into history the lives and life-work of those noble heroes and heroines who cut from out their primeval covering the fine farms that now bask in the sunlight and thrift of the prosperity everywhere manifested within our borders, I cannot but feel that to other hands should this task have been given - hands far more efficient, minds with far larger capacities and talents than mine own. Realizing then, as I do, the great labor before me, and that where weeks have been employed, months should have been consumed in the work, I reluctantly accept the trust, and enter upon it with the intention of giving, as far as I go, a true narrative of the events surrounding the settlement of our township.

Warp And Woof

James Robertson was a soldier in the war for our independence, a Lieutenant for three years in the Continental establishment of Virginia. By the laws of his State, 2,666§ acres of land were his. He did not return, but his life went out, as did thousands of others in the grand struggle wherein, upon the one side was engaged a monarchy with all that the name implies, and on the other a people whose chiefest desires were civil and religious freedom, equal and exact liberties. Philip Barbour was his heir-at-law. Albert Gallatin in time became the assignee of Barbour, and on the 18th day of October, 1787, entered Survey No. 571, "situated on the lower side of Caesar Creek," and containing 766§ acres of land. A patent did not follow until the 3d day of April, 1804, two years after the Territory had been made a State, seventeen years after the entry had been made, and five years after it had passed from the hands of Gallatin and been settled upon.

James Jenkins was a native of Redstone, Fayette Co., Penn., and was during the Revolutionary war a most bitter and uncompromising Tory. He left Pennsylvania soon after peace was declared, for the reason probably that peace to the country was but the beginning of war to him - in other words the return of his neighbors to their homes after months of privation and suffering (battling for their country), surrounded him with anything but a social and friendly atmosphere. His destination was Tennessee, which he reached, and where he died.

Twelve years after Gallatin entered Survey 571, or in the year 1799, Aaron, a son of James Jenkins, came from Tennessee and purchased the entire tract of land. He was accompanied by his wife and a part of his family. He erected thereon a hewed-log house, of the double pattern so common in those days. His family consisted of five children, three sons and two daughters, his sons Baldwin and James, he gave all of the survey, excepting fifty acres off the southeast corner, which he gave to his daughter Lydia. To his son Aaron he gave lands he had purchased near where the village of Port William is today. No record is given of his last child. The survey was situated partly in Greene and partly in Clinton, and while the settlement of this man then as now was wholly without the province of Clinton County, the children arriving at manhood and womanhood, with one exception, became settlers in Chester Township.

Charles Scott was a Brigadier General, and, under warrant 815, entered 11,666§ acres of land in the " Territory Northwest of the Ohio River." On the 5th day of September, 1800, he entered Survey No. 3,916, consisting of 800 acres, and adjoining Gallatin on the east. The patent followed July 18, 1801, in the name of Nathaniel Massie, and was signed by Thomas Jefferson as President of the "United States.

George A. Mann and his wife Elizabeth were of German descent, though natives of Pennsylvania, the former born in 1727, the latter in 1746. In 17 - , they emigrated to Rockingham County, Va., where they remained some years, and from there they went to Nicholas County, Ky. They had eight children - John, Peter, Jacob, Henry, George, Elizabeth, Charles and David. While yet in Kentucky, George Mann purchased of his son-in-law, Adam Shillinger, 200 acres of a 400-acre tract of land he owned in 3,916, situated on the waters oE South Fork (now Anderson's Fork). The consideration was $4 per acre, and the purchase was made for his youngest two children, Charles and David. The others had married, and were settled in Kentucky. Early in the month of March, 1801, Charles and David Mann, the former twenty and the latter eighteen years of age, left their father's house in Nicholas County, Ky., for the " Territory Northwest of the Ohio," and for the further purpose of finding and settling upon the lands last mentioned. The understanding had between the father and sons was that he, in company with the mother, his son-in-law, Schillinger, and his family, would follow in the fall of that year, or the spring of 1802. The boys were upon horseback, and carried with them such articles as were of the utmost importance, and at the same time of the most convenience to carry, such as axes, a few cooking utensils, some provisions, but above all the constant companion of the early settlers, their guns. At about noon of a day in the latter part of that month, they landed at their destination and immediately set to work to prepare some kind of a shelter. They felled some mulberry trees, which they split into slabs, and with these slabs erected a rude structure somewhat similar in pattern to an Indian wigwam. Into this they carried their effects, and in it they spent their first night on the "farm." The morning must have been to them a dreary one indeed, for a snow lay deep on the ground. Without doubt, as they looked out upon father and the warm meal there being prepared by the loved and loving mother. Few boys of this day would care to undergo such hardships; but the day came and went, to be followed in turn by others, until the time arrived when the crop for the coming year must go in the ground. The boys had already up, land had been partly cleared, and ground was as rapidly as possible being prepared for the planting, when a morning came to them that caused them to feel that the last straw had been applied. They awoke to find that during the darkness of night their horses had either strayed or were stolen. A decision was soon reached. Charles would go on the hunt for the missing animals; David would remain behind and await his return. Hastily bidding each other farewell, they separated, the former on the trail of the horses, the latter to his daily toil. The day went by; a week followed, and months rolled away before these two boys again met. David planted that season three acres of corn, going to a settler named Price, near where Paintersville now stands, for his seed. Spring passed, summer had ended, his crop ripened and was garnered, and yet no word from Charles, nor the loved ones at home. But he must remain where ho was. His nearest neighbors were Aaron Jenkins, Peter Price (where he got his seed corn), and a settler where Waynesville now stands. The latter had a corn-cracker that turned by hand, which he had brought with him from Virginia the year before. An incident occurred during the summer that I will mention here: One day, when the corn was in fine condition for roasting, six Indians came down the creek (Anderson's Fork), and went into the corn patch. Husking off an arm load of ears apiece, they carried them down to the banks of the creek, where they started a fire and had a feast. David was a spectator to the scene, and, while he did not like to see the fruits of his labor going to fill the bellies of a half-dozen dirty, lazy savages, he did not say so to them, but allowed them to eat and depart when they felt ready. In the fall, David would shell a grist of corn, put it in a linen bag (brought from home), then on his shoulder, gun in hand, would trudge through the woods to the settler with his corn-cracker, and, when done, home again the same way, a distance, going and returning, of nearly twenty miles.

Charles followed the horses day after day, until he reached the river, opposite Maysville, at which point he learned that animals answering his descrip- tion had swam the river at that place and had gone in the direction of Nicholas County. He crossed the river and followed on until his father's house was reached, when he there found the objects of his search. On his return home, all thoughts of waiting until spring were abandoned, and preparations were at once begun for an immediate removal to the new home. September found them on the way, and October safely landed in this State. Here they remained; here the boys grew to manhood; here, under the sturdy strokes of these brave men grew one of the finest farms in the settlement; and here, on the 4th day of May, 1821, at the age of ninety-five years, George Mann passed to his rest, to be followed, at the age of eighty-four, in January, 1839, by Elizabeth, the wife and mother. Thus passed from earth to eternity two of those noble souls who were so largely instrumental in preparing the way for succeeding generations. And now, while, as in the case of the J enkins family, their settlement was without the county, yet their lands extended over, and all but one of the family became residents of Clinton. Charles Mann married Lydia, daughter of Aaron Jenkins, and settled in the stone house on the place now owned by Yolcah Weaver. He was a member of the first jury that ever sat in a State case in Clinton, it being the State of Ohio against Cornelius Quick. Horse-stealing was the charge upon which he was found guilty, and the sentence of the court was "That he be whipped on his naked back fifty stripes, on Saturday, October 27, at 2 o'clock P. M."* He was the father of several children, and died December 24, 1865, aged eighty-three years eight months and twenty -three days. His wife, Lydia, died April 5, 1838, aged fifty-two years. David Mann married Rachel Irvin; they had several children, but one of whom came into the township; he died June 29, 1856, aged seventy-two years five months and nine days; his wife, Rachel, died August 7, 1873, aged seventy-three years four months and twelve days. Two of the sons remaining in Kentucky afterward came out, Henry and Jacob. The former purchased the fifty acres owned by Lydia Jenkins Mann, and settled upon it, where his son John now lives. This was in the year 1809. Jacob came and settled upon a part of this place, but soon after purchased land in what is now Washington Township, near Cuba, and remained there. The George Mann now living in that township is his son. Henry died February 4, 1858, aged nearly seventy-nine years; his wife, Rachel, died March 25, 1862, aged seventy-six years eight months and twenty-eight days. John, now an old man, occupies his father's homestead, and ere many years he, too, will be called to his rest.

The Lucas Family

The members of this family originally came from New Jersey, where they were among the earliest settlers of that colony, receiving with others land grants from the crown. The elder Lncas of those I shall mention removed, from New Jersey in the eighteenth century, and settled in Kentucky. Thomas Lucas, a son of his, had six children, all sons, viz., Thomas, Abraham, Ebon ezer, John, Caleb and Francis. He left Kentucky in a very early day, and came to Fort Washington, now Cincinnati, probably in 1785, j" where he remained some years. While here, his son John enlisted under Gen. Harmar, in his campaign against the Indians, in which it was supposed he lost his life, as he never returned from that ill-fated expedition. Caleb, another son, accompanied Gen. Wayne as far as Greensville, Darke Co., Ohio, in his expedition against the Indians, in the capacity of a teamster. The family then came to Columbia, and from thore to Lebanon, where the parents died. In 1802, Caleb Lucas purchased of Abijah O'Neal, a land speculator at Lebanon, f Aa Fort Washington was not erected until 1781), the next year alter Cincinnati was settled, probably it was not earlier than 1789. - P. A. I).

150 acres of land in 3,916 adjoining on the south the lands of George Mann, and wholly in Clinton County (then Warren). He came here the same year, settled and built upon it a hewed-log house, the consideration being fully explained by the following, now in the possession of the family:

Received, August 6, 1804, of Caleb Lucas, at the hands of Samuel Martin, the sum of one hundred and fifty dollars, it being one-half of the price of one hundred and fifty acres of land, which the said Lucas purchased of me, the said lands being the property of Col, Massie, the other half payable in twelve months from this date, said lands lying on Anderson's Fork, adjoining Aaron Jenkins.

He began at once to clear his land. Before coming here he had, however, married, about the year 1797, Mary Price, who was bom in Rockingham County, Va., February 8, 1782; he, October 28, 1776. Nine children were born to them, as follows: Thomas, October 13, 1799; Sarah, March 29, 1802; Catharine, December 10, 1804; Elizabeth, February 7,1807; Mary, March 18, 1809; Rachel, April 13, 1811; Frederick, February 22, 1814; Caleb, February 1, 1817 ; and Ebenezer, October, 1819. He, soon after settling here, sold to hia brother Ebenezer fifty acres off the east side of his place, part of lands now owned by Levi D. Shambaugh. At the time of hia settlement here, the Indians were quite numerous, though not troublesome. Among the many who at that time were frequent visitors to this settlement was Roundhead, a chief of the Wyandots, and, being an excellent marksman, never failed to call upon Mr. Lucas for a test of skill in the use of the rifle at a mark. He was always made welcome by Mr. L. , and many times their shots were placed side by side at a distance of 100 paces. His neighbors at this time were George Mann, Aaron Jenkins, his brother Ebenezer, and a few others. The nearest, mill was the corn-cracker referred to, at the place where, as I said, Waynesville now stands. The nearest trading-place was Lebanon, and that through an almost unbroken forest.

But the peace and prosperity of these settlers was not long to continue, at least not for many years. In 1811, war again broke out over the frontier and these brave men had to look the danger squarely iu the face and prepare for it. In 1812, Caleb Lucas was elected Captain and I feel that the following will not be out of place at this time:

It being certified to me that you are duly elected Captain of the Fourth Company, Sixth Battalion, Third Brigade, First Division of the Militia of this State :

Now Know You, That by virtue of the power vested in me by the Constitution and Law's of said State ; and reposing special trust and confidence in your courage, integrity, fidelity and good conduct, I do, by these presents, commission you as Captain of said Company, hereby authorizing and requiring of you to discharge all and singular the duties and services appertaining to your said office, agreeably to law, and such instructions as you shall from time to time receive from your superior officers.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the great seal of the State of Ohio to be affixed, at Chillicothe, Ohio, the third day of July, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and twelve, and in the thirty -sixth year of the independence of the United States of America.

September 12, 1817. This is to certify that the within named Captain, Caleb Lucas> has resigned the within commission, in consequence of his having served five years.

Among the many old papers now in the possession of his son, Ebenezer (who yet resides on the old place and until but a few years ago, in the old house, and who married a daughter of David and grand-daughter of George Mann), I copy the following:

This 22d day of September, 1807, received of Caleb Lucas 1 dollar and 33 cents, it being in full for the present year for county and State tax.

Mr. Lucas passed his life on this farm, lived to see his children grown to manhood and womanhood, grandchildren around his knees, and died April 26, 1851, aged seventy- four years six months and four days. His wife followed him September 1, 1863, aged eighty -one years six months and twentytwo days. Ebenezer Lucas (as I said, his youngest son) has many articles of interest to the historian and antiquarian of to-day, among them a corner cupboard of whose age no person now living can tell, a kitchen table brought to Ohio by Jonathan Garwood prior to the settlement of Caleb Lucas here in 1802, a volume of Watt's hymns and psalms in verse, printed in 1720, or 162 years ago, a large iron pot or kettle, once the property of James Jenkins, and taken by him from Pennsylvania to Tennessee, and brought to Ohio by his son, Aaron Jenkins, in 1799. ItB age can only be conjectured. A volume of the Analectic Magazine, by Thomas, Philadelphia, A. £>., 1812, the Political Magazine , London, England, three numbers, April, May and June, 1781, the property of Jame3 Jenkins, Sr., and finally, a copy of Volume I of the Cincinnati Enquirer.

Horatio Gates was a soldier in the Continental establishment of Virginia - a Major General with whose record every reader of American history is familiar. As to the number of' acres to which he was entitled my informant does not say.* This much I do know, that twelve surveys in Clinton bear his name, of which five are in Chester Township. On the 5th day of March, 1793, 1,000 acres were surveyed for Gen. Gates, in virtue of part of Warrant 804, and became Survey 2,230. Patent followed September 17, 1796, in the name of James Murray, physician, and signed by George Washington, as President of the United States of America.

Layton Jay was born in Newberry District (County), S. C., as was also his wife, Elizabeth, who was a daughter of John Mills. They were members of Bush River Monthly Meeting of Friends, and were married according to the discipline of that church about the year 1796. Ten children were born to them, of whom all but three were born before coming to Ohio: Patience, born 16th day, 4th month, 1794; Charlotte, 13th, 7th, 1795; William, 30th, 8tb, 1796; John, 29th, 4th, 1798; James, 27th, 7th, 1800; Abigail, 29th, 6tli, 1802; David, 14th, 8th, 1804; Mary, 8th, 3d, 1806; Elijah, 13th, 7tli, 1807; Anna, 3d, 4th, 1810. The exact date of their coming to Ohio is not known, yet it was not later than 1804 that they left South Carolina, and came by the way of Tennessee and Kentucky, crossing the Ohio at Cincinnati on a fiat-boat, the horses tied to it and swimming behind. They landed near the present site of Waynesville, and the family remained there in camp for some time, or until the husband and father could find a place of settlement. Ho finally took a lease on the lands of J ames Murray, or on land now owned by Thomas Longstretch. His coming here was cotemporary with the arrival of Robert Eachus, Jacob Haines, Isaac Perkins, Malilon Haworth and a few others, who settled in that neighborhood at the same time. The people of Chester Township of to-day can form but a faint conception of the condition of things then. We who now live here, surrounded with the many comforts and conveniences of life, know little regarding the mode of living in those early days. Their cabins were of unhewn logs, the bottom ones placed directly upon the ground, with poles and clapboards overhead, and contained but one room. The lioor was made of puncheons, or logs split and then hewn, so that the flat or uppermost side presented a tolerable flat surface, but which made a very substantial floor. The roof was of clapboards, held in their places by large poles laid lengthwise. The chimneys were of sticks and mud, or clay. The fire-place was generally of large dimensions, often as wide as seven feet, and capable of taking in large sticks of wood, and up whose chimneys on cold wintry nights a roaring fire went, and around whose hearths the family gathered, and where the evening meal was prepared by loved hands.

At this time, but little land had been prepared for cultivation, and in its garb of nature presented a field of long and heavy toil to the pioneer. But these men were equal to the task. It seemed that their mode of living prepared them for the great labor that of necessity devolved upon them, and their bodies were free from the many ills that beset men of our day. It is true their lives were ones of constant privation and great labor, but withal it was to them in many instances a happy one, filled with a fullness of great and pure love for their families and friends, and a charity and friendship for each and all, and above all sound bodies and healthy offspring. There was no time for play, no time for idleness, from morning until night; from early dawn of the second until the close of the seventh day in each week, it was work. No one was idle, from the father to the child. There was timber to fell, rails to split, fences to build, ground to clear off, chips and brush to pile and burn, flax to break and spin, wool to card and weave, cows to milk and meals to prepare; in fact, there was room for all to work, and all did work.

For untold ages it has been the custom of man to lavish his praises upon those who, by mighty deeds of valor, on field of battle, send their names ringing down the flight of time; but not a word, not a praise for these real heroes, does man bestow, who, without a desire to create a name in history for themselves, bore the battles of toil and privation that those who followed in after years might reap the benefits. To these men and their faithful wives should the honors be awarded.

The Indians were very numerous, as were the bears, wolves, deer and wild turkeys. The former at that day were not troublesome nor did they give the settler any fears. "I well remember them coming to my father's cabin," said the venerable John Jay to the writer, "and sitting or standing around my father's shoe bench until late bedtime. Jim Logan, a chief, and one of the number, could talk English some. I very well remember the rings suspended from their noses and ears, and vividly the night when Jim took an awl from my fathers bench, and, taking me by my ear, pretended he was going to pierce it. I screamed loudly, when he threw down the awl and pretended to feel very bad about it. Every night we could see the light from their camp-fires. I also recollect one evening when my father, one of my brothers and myself were out in the little clearing pulling turnips, we heard the Indians' dogs coming through the wood, making a loud noise with their barking. My father said they were pursuing a bear, and for us to remain where we were until he could go to the house, get his gun and return, which be soon did. We then followed after the dogs and soon came up with them, and also with the bear, who had safely, as he thought, ensconced himself in the top of a tree. My father waited some time for the Indians to come up, when, fearing it would then be too dark to see, shot and killed it. The Indians soon after came up, and hastily removing the skin they cut the bear in twain, gave my father half, and returned in a merry humor to their camp. The first mill I ever went to was the mill of Robert Eachus, upon Todd's Fork, and I well recollect the circumstance attending it. Robert was of a cross or surly disposition, and was especially considered so by boys or those not acquainted with his manners. Riding up to the mill door, I called to him and asked him if he could grind my grist of corn. His reply came quick and very crusty, 'No.' Without remaining to ask another question, I turned my horse about and rode home, where my father met me, and, hearing my story, took me off, got on himself, rode to the mill and left it until such a time as he could grind it. The nearest trading place was where Waynesville now stands, and that a very small affair indeed. It was kept by David Halloway in a log cabin, and was the first and only one there at the time I speak of. His counter and his only shelf were puncheons, while his stock consisted of knives, forks, spoons, knitting-needles, weavers' reels, awl blades, sewing thread, needles, powder, lead, tobacco, whisky and a few other articles daily called for by the settlers.

"We remained here until 1809, when my father with the family moved up on Stillwater, in Darke County, where, in 1814, he died with milk sickness. My mother then returned to Chester Township with her children to her father's, John Mills, who then resided on Turkey Run. The children who were old enough went from home to live." Mr. Jay ever after remained in the township, and his further history will yet appear in these pages.

Isaac Webb was for seven years a soldier in the war for American independence, and at its close received from his grateful country a warrant for 2,666f acres of land. One thousand of this he entered as a part of Warrant No. 2,446, "on the upper side of Csesar Creek," and was numbered Survey 583, bearing date October 17, 1792.

James and Sarah Spray were natives of Chester County, Penn., and were members of the Society of Friends. They were married according to the discipline of that church about the year 1752 or 1753. Eight children were the fruits of this union, namely :

Jesse, 23d day, 12th month, 1754; Samuel, 23d, 5th, 1758; Abner, 20tli, 2d, 1761; Hannah, 18th, 2d, 1763; James, 4th, 1st, 1765; Mordecai, 3d, 2d, 1767; Thomas, 26th 12th, 1768; and William, 17th, 12th, 1771. There lived also in Chester County at that day John and Dinah Wilson, and they too were married as members of Friends' Church. They had nine children, as follows: Mary, 12th month, 15th day, 1760; Jehu, 1st, 1st, 1763; Seth, 12th, 7th, 1764; Phebe, 2d, 15th, 1769; Esther, 2d, 9th, 1771; Sarah, 5th, 9th, 1773; Christopher, 8th, 15th, 1775; Hannah, 7th, 28th, 1778; and John, 8th, 28th, 1782. These families were neighbors, and about the year 1788 Samuel Spray was united in marriage to Mary, the eldest child of John and Dinah Wilson, the former at the age of thirty-one, the latter, twenty-eight years. They left soon after for Union County, S. C. , whereon the 15th of February, 1790, their first child was born to them. Thoy remained here until the year 1805, when with their five children, born as follows: John, 15th day, 2d month, 1790; James, 17th, 8th, 1793; Samuel, 30th, 4th, 1796; Mary, 30th, 6th, 1798; and Dinah, 3d, 10th, 1804, they started on their journey through Tennessee and Kentucky for Ohio, coming by the way of Cincinnati, and stopping at the great central point, Waynesville, where they romained until, havingpurchased, in tho year 1806, of Isaac Webb, of Bourbon County, Ky. , for a consideration of £1,000, current funds of that State, the 1,000 acres referred to, he removed his family that year, and settled upon it. This survey is now partly in Clinton, but at the time of purchase was wholly within the province of Warren County. History does not say in what year John and Dinah Wilson left Pennsylvania and settled in South Carolina, but it does record them as living there.

James Hawkins was born in Loudoun County, Va., January 23, 1756. He left there when a young man, and settled in Union County, S. C., and about the year 1792, married Sarah, a daughter of John and Dinah Wilson, and sister of the wife of Samuel Spray. On the 14th of March, 1795, Ruth, their first child, was born, and followed by Dinah, 22d, 11th, 1795, and Jehu, 30th, 10th, 1796. In 1806, he too took up the line of emigration, and lauded here in the same year. He purchased of Samuel Spray 144 acres off the northeast corner of his tract of land, the consideration being $4 an acre, and erected thereon a log house and began the clearing of his land. On 1st day, 4th 1808, a son, Benjamin, was added to the family. On the 1st, 6th, 1810, James, and 23d, 5th, 1813, Amos, the latter of whom now owns and lives on the old place. Jehu lives in Indianapolis; the rest have long since died.

We have now arrived at a time in our history when the emigration into and the settlement of our lands began in earnest. Daily from 1806, the tide of immigration flowed on unceasingly. From the hills of Pennsylvania and Virginia, the barren lands of the Carolinas, the dark grounds of Tennessee and Kentucky, and from the East, or New York, they came. But the principal part of the immigrants who came in 1806 were Carolinians, not native born, but who had gone there from Pennsylvania and Virginia.

John Anderson, a Captain, entered on the 15th day of May, 1793, 1,000 acres under Survey No. 570, out of 4,666§ he was entitled to under warrant 2,367. A patent followed in his name January 9, 1804. This survey was due east of 583, separated only by the waters of Ceesar Creek. In 1806, Elijah O'Neal had become the own»r, and held it on the market for sale.

Henry Millhouse was born in the parish of Timahoe, county of Kildare, Ireland, let of 5th month, 1736, O. S. At what date he came to America and settled in Union County, S. C., no record is left to tell; neither do the records say that he was married before or after his coming to America. Again, as to whom his wife was, where she was born, or when they were married, the records are a9 silent as the graves where for years they have lain. The records do make mention of her death, 11th of 8th month, 1803, and her burial on the Tiger River, in that State, at the age of sixty-four years; and further, the records say, " She was a loving and affectionate wife, a tender mother over her children, endeavoring to bring them up in the fear of the Lord, sobriety and plainness; was in the ste.tion of an Elder for several years before her death; a careful attender of meetings for worship and discipline." Henry and Rebecca Millhouse had in all six children - Mary, 5th month, 2d, 1763; Rebecca, 11th month, 8th, 1767; Sarah, 3d month, 25th, 1770; Ann, 1st month, 24th, 1772. The dates of the births of Robert and Dinah are not given.

David and Clement Whitson each lived out a life of usefulness, and died many years ago, in Union County, S. C. The record barely mentions the fact of their existence, and the elder of the family I now mention was their son. Solomon Whitson was born in Union County, S. C., the 2d of 4th month, 1741, and his wife, Phebe, 25th of 5th month, 1745. They were married according to the discipline of tne Friends' Church, at Cane Creek Monthly Meeting, about the year 1765. Eleven children were born to them, three of whom only will I mention - David, the second child, born 8th month, 3d, 1769; Jordan, the sixth, 3d month, 3d, 1777; and John, the tenth, 24th of 6th month,

1787. Four of the others died in childhood, and the remaining four never left that State. About the year 1800, David Whitson married Mary, the eldest daughter of Henry and Rebecca Millhouse. About the year 1791, Robert Millhouse married Sarah Compton. Rebecca Millhouse, in 1793, married Amos Compton, a brother to Sarah, the wife of Robert Millhouse, and of these Comptons there are no earlier records. Dinah Millhouse, in 1796 or 1797, married Stephen Compton, a brother to Amos and Sarah, who had already married into this family. Ann Millhouse, about the same year, married Amos Hawkins, a brother to James Hawkins, and Sarah Millhouse, in 1793, had married Mordecai, a son of James and Sarah Spray.

In 1806, Henry Millhouse, with his son Robert and his family, consisting of wife and seven children, his sons-in-law and their wives and families, in all twenty children, started by way of North Carolina, Tennessee and Kentucky, for the land beyond the Ohio River, he then an old man, upon whose aged head seventy winters had left their marks of time. Leaving for the last time, as he then well knew, the grave of his wife, the mother of his children, taking up the path through the wilderness to the new land in the far Northwest, compare him, if you will, to another old patriarch whose journey was a similar one. They landed at Waynesville.

John Furnas was born in Newberry District, S. C., and was a member of Bush River Monthly Meeting of Friends. He married, about the year 1790, Esther, a daughter of John and Dinah Wilson. They had but one child, Christopher, born 18 t.h of 10th month, 1791. On the 13th of 9th month, 1795, his wife died and was buried in the Friends' Burying-Ground on Bush River. About the year 1797, he married Ruth, a daughter of Isaac and Charity Cook, who was born 29th of 8th month, 1776. She bore him in all four children - Isaac, 6th of 12th month, 1798; Mary, 10th of 12th month, 1800; Joseph, 24tn of 9th month, 1802; and Robert, the latter in Ohio, 3d of 6th month, 1805. In 1805, he came to Ohio, possibly with the Millhouses, and settled temporarily near Waynesville. Among those cotemporary with Furnas, from Newberry District, were George Arnold, Thomas Lewis and Robert Kelley. The survey, No. 570, as I before remarked, was then upon the market, and these people purchased the entire tract of land on or about the 3d of 12th month, 1806. Beginning on the northwest, Robert Kelley purchased 120 acres; then John Furnas, 154 acres; Thomas Lewis, 155 acres; all these lands running from Caesar Creek southeast. Adjoining these three tracts of land on the southeast, George Arnold took 238 acres, which completed two-thirds of it. Henry MillhouBe purchased the balance, or about 333 acres, extending to Blair's Survey, No. 569. The consideration in each case was $2 per acre.

George Arnold was a son of John and Lina Arnold, of Newberry District, the eldest of a family of eight children, and born probably as early as 1760. There are no rocords. He married, about the year 1783, Rachel, a sister of John Mills. But one child, a son, was born to them, namely, Jesse, born 15th of 9th month, 1785, and consequently at the time of emigration, a man grown. Of Thomas Lewis and his family there are no records left, and the family has long since left here for the West. Of Robert Kelley, the same can bo said, and but few people of this day about here have any knowledge of them at all. On the 3d of 6th month, 1806, John Furnas purchased his lands, and settled the same year where Samuel Lemar now lives and owns. He erected thereon the story-and-a-half part of the Squire's present residence, and began life in the new State. There was no road then in this soction, his location being influenced by the spring near by. He was also a blacksmith, and erected his shop a little northwest of his house, now west of the road. Hex-e, for many years, the sound of his anvil could be heard, and the smoke soen issuing from the Booty stick- and-clay chimney. But full sixty years have passed and gone since this fire went out to him forever. On the 21st of 9th month, 1822, his second wife died, at the age of forty-six years. His third wife was Rebecca Millhouse Compton, with whom he lived until the 9th of 3d month, 1830, when he died and was " gathered to his fathers."

On the lands purchased by Henry Millhouse he settled his children, as follows: Amos Hawkins, on the southwest corner, or upon the farm where his son Henry lived out a long life, and died but a few years ago; David Whitson, adjoining Hawkins on the north, or upon the farm now owned by Milton Keys; Mordecai Spray, east of Hawkins; Robert, where William Icenhour lives, and himself between there and Mordecai Spray. Amos and Stephen Compton settled in Warren County.

James Craine was a Captain in the Continental Establishment of Virginia, and under Warrant 2,089 was entitled to 4,000 acres of land. On the 6th of March, 1793, Survey 1,994 was made, and a patent followed May 22, 1800, in the name of Daniel Muse. This survey lies in .the southwest corner of Chester and the northwest corner of Adams; but at the- time of settlement, prior to 1810, was in Highland and Warren, and at the organization of Clinton in that year, was wholly in Chester Township. Daniel Muse was a resident of Northumberland County, Va. He entered into a contract with one Thomas Carneal, whereby the latter was to have one-half of the survey if he would place it on the market and effect a sale. He did so, and took for his seiwices the eastern half.

Preserved Dakin came from New York State in 1806, and purchased, it is said, for the colony he represented 2,000 acres, or the eastern half of survey No. 1,994. He took 1,000 acres for himself and four children by a former wife. He then sub-divided his tract as follows: To William, the eldest son, 200 acres where James Mussetter now owns and resides; to James, 200 acres off the southwest corner of his tract, or where the Dakiu corner now is; to EliaB, 200 acres where Elias D. Harlan now owns and lives; to Lydia, 200 acres where Harrison Mullen owns, and to himself 200 acres where Mr. Collins owns. At his death, this farm went to his second wife and her children.

Among others composing the Dakin colony, and all from the State of New York, was Joshua Nickerson, Sr., who came at the same time with the Dakins, and purchased land in the same tract, though on Todd's Fork, it being a part, if not all, of the farm now owned by Evan H. Hadley, a grandson-in-law of Nickerson. He had when reaching here but little else than a good wagon and two good horses. These he sold, and invested the proceeds in this land. He then purchased a pair of yearling steers, broke them to work, and they in time became a yoke of number one oxen, which supplied him with motive power until he became able to again own a team of horses. He was the father (among others) of two sons - Clark and Artemas, the former born May 5, 1792; the latter February 27, 1796.

Elijah and Mary Sabin were born and reared in the State of New York, l.he former in 1753, the latter in 1756. Several children were born to these people, but the records are gone, and the present generation is not in possession of any facts that would add to their history. They were a part of the Dakin colony, but as to their place of settlement I cannot say.

William, Enoch and Charles Haynes were also members of the colony spoken of, and came here in 1806. William, about the year 1800, married Marsha,* a daughter of Elijah and Mary Sabin, by whom he had four children - Harriet, William, James and Archibald, all of whom wore born in the State of New York, the latter in July, 1808. In 1809, they came to Ohio, and settled on lands in the eastern half of 1,094, in what is now Chester Township, on 200 acres of land purchased by the Dakin colony two years before. The same year, his brothers, Enoch and Charles Haynes, settled on 100 acres, and fifty acres respectively on the same side of the eastern half of Baid survey. Jesse and David Hughes purchased 212 acres, and twelve acres in the same line of lands about the same time. The price paid in each case for these lands was $2.50 an acre.

The Harlan Family

Enoch Harlan was a native of Chester County, Penn., a member of the fourth generation of the name in this country, and was born the 27th of December, 1745. He was the son of Ezekiel and Mary, both of whom were born in Ireland, the former 16th of July, 1679. The grandson of George and Eliza, the former born in England January 11, 1850, the latter in Ireland, and the great grandson of James, born in England prior to 1625. The grandparents, George and Eliza, were of the William Penn stock of Friends (commonly called Quakers), though the Harlans before him were members of the Church of England. In 1687, George Harlan and his family and his brother Michael emigrated to America, and settled near Christian Hundred, on the Delaware River, in the present State of Delaware, and in the "verge" of Center Monthly Meeting of Friends. They some few years after crossed the Delaware and settled in Chester County, Penn. Enoch was the youngest in a family of seven children, five sons and two daughters, viz. : Mary, born 26th, 6th, 1722; William, 15th, 5th, 1724; Jonathan, 15th, 7th, 1726; James, 29th, 9th, 1730; Sarah, 23d, 9th, 1732; Stephen, 12th, 3d, 1740; Enoch, 27th, 12th, 1745. He married, according to the discipline of Friends, about the year 1768, Edith Carter (a sister of Nathaniel and George Carter, who were many years ago well known among the early Friends as prominent ministers of that church). History does not record the date of his emigration, but at aa early day he took his family and settled in Guilford County, N. C., and in the verge of Springfield Monthly Meeting. Eleven children were born to Enoch and Edith Harlan, eight sons and three daughters, namely: Nathan, born 29th, 1st, 1770;

William, 6th, 10th, 1771; Nancy, 19th, 10th, 1773; Nathaniel, 9th, 10th, 1775; Jonathan, 7th, 9th, 1777; David, 2d, 1st, 1780; Solomon, 13th, 2d, 1782; Hannah, 20th, 3d, 1784; Enoch, 26th, 12th, 1786; John Carter, 5th, 9th, 1790; Rebecca, 3d, 8th, 1792. Here he died 18th, 10th, 1794, at the age of forty-nine years. After his death, the widow and her children continued to reside in that State; but the great center of attraction soon became the " Territory Northwest," or the then new State of Ohio. Her boys had grown to manhood, and more lands were necessary. While yet residents of that State, Nathan had married Sarah Hunt; William married Charity Kimbrough; Nancy married Nathan Mendenhall; Nathaniel had gone to Kentucky, where he had settled, and married Elizabeth Berry; David married Susan Brummel. The rest of the children were yet at home.

In 1803, Nathan and William Harlan left that State on horseback on a prospecting tour, coming to Maysville, Ky. , and, crossing the river, entered the "new State." They traveled northward, through what is now the county of Brown, into Highland (the latter county at that time included nearly all of Clinton), and stopped near Hillsboro for a short time. They left there and passed through the present county of Clinton, and as far west as the Great Miami River, when they turned back and went home as they came, via Hillsboro. The next year (1804), William came with his family to this State, and sottlod near Hillsboro, where he remained until the early fall of 1806, when he left his family and returned with his four-horse team and wagon to Guilford County, N. C., for the purposo of removing his widowed mother and her ehil- dren (yet at home), namely, Hannah, Enoch, John and Rebecca, to this State, which lie accomplished the same fall. In the meantime, Nathan had removed from that State and settled on lands purchased of the Dakin colony, in Survey 1,994 - lands now owned by John P. Denny's heirs, but for many years the farm of Joseph Coates.

In the spring of 1807, William removed his family and his mother's family, and settled on 200 acres of land they had purchased of James and Lydia Dakin Birdsall.

The same year, Elizabeth Harvey, a sister of Edith Harlan, came out from North Carolina with her sons, Eli, Isaac, Caleb and Joshua, and settled in Survey 2,372 (now in Adams). Soon after, Jacob Hale, her son-in-law, Nathan Mendenhall, son-in-law of Edith Harlan, Eli Maden, Nathaniel Carter, George Carter, Jonathan Harlan and David Harlan left North Carolina and came to Ohio. Of these, Eli Maden married Hannah, a daughter of Edith Harlan, and (in 1810) having purchased of Isaac Harvey 100 acres of land for a consideration of $300, moved to and settled upon it. This upon lands now owned by George and John Maden (in Adams).

Jacob Hale purchased lands with the Harveys, and settled where Schoolhouse No. 1 stands (in Adams Township). His son, Armonia Hale, still owns the land. Jonathan Harlan married Hannah Morrison, and settled in Survey 1,994, on lands purchased of his brother, Nathan Harlan. David Harlan purchased lands and settled in 2, 371. The farm is now owned by John and George Maden. Large families descended from these pioneers, and are to-day scattered throughout the United States, and what Chester County, Penn., was at one day, and Guilford County, N. C., was at a later one, Clinton is to-day, the birthplace of a large number of the Harlan family. John C. Harlan, in 1816, married Lydia, a daughter of Jacob Hale, and settled in Chester Township. Enoch married Betsy Harvey, and removed to Warren County. Rebecca, the youngest, married 18th, 12th, 1818, Abram Hampton, and many years ago emigrated to Iowa.

William and Deborah McMillan were residents of York County, Penn., the former a native of Scotland, the latter from Wales, They were the parents of eight children, namely: Thomas, William, Henry, Samuel, David and

Jonathan (twins), Mary and Lydia. These children grew to manhood and womanhood in that State, and married there. Jonathan married Ann Hussey; David married Hannah Hussey; Mary married Joseph Baxter; Lydia married William Jay. Jonathan McMillan came to Ohio first about 1805, accompanied by David, his brother. They settled in this township, on 206 acres of land now owned by Newton McMillan, in Survey No. 2,266. The next year Jonathan returned to Pennsylvania, and brought Out his father, accompanied by his two sisters and their families. They came by wagon to Pittsburgh, and from there to Cincinnati in a flat-boat. David settled where Thomas McMillan now owns, and Jonathan remained on the 206 acres. Joseph Baxter settled on sixty-two and a half acres of land in 2,232, being the east half of lands lately owned by Jonathan Rockhill. Lydia removed to Miami County. Some years after, Thomas, William and Henry came out and settled in 2,232, with the exception of Henry, who settled in Preble County. Thomas, where John Hawkins now owns and resides. William settled on sixty acres, where Duane B. Smith now owns and resides.

William and Enoch Wickersham came from Centre County, Penn., in 1806, and settled on 300 acres of land in 2,232. The former married, after coming to Ohio, Rachel Mills; the latter, Margaret, daughter of John Stout, in 1808.

Job Jeffries was a son of William and Hannah Darlington Jeffries. His. wife, Elizabeth, a daughter of Andrew and Ellen Elliott Nicholson, natives of Bucks County, Penn. Jeffries came to Ohio about 1806 or 1807, and purchased 205 acres of land in 2,266 of James Murray,* a physician living in Ann Arundel County, Md. The consideration was $410. He put up the log house now standing near the substantial two-story frame that graces the lands surrounding, and returned for his family. He came all the way in a wagon, and arrived here in 1808. His piece of land adjoined the McMillans, who were his neighbors on the north. They were the parents of three" children - Hannah, born in 1809, and yet living, and Joab and Job, twins, born in 1811, both of whom are deceased.

The Birdsall Family

Three brothers, the ancestors of the Birdsalls, who were among the pioneers of Clinton County, came from Wales with William Penn and settled on Long Island. One became an officer in the Revolution and went South. The second went to Canada during the same war, and some of his descendants afterward settled in the State of New York, and were the ancestors of James Birdsail (a son-in-law of Preserved Dakin) and Daniel Birdsall, who came to Ohio in l806 and settled in (what is now) Chester Township. James first settled south of Preserved Dakin, but sold in 1807, to William and Edith Harlan. In 1807, he burnt brick and built the first brick house in what is now Clinton County. This is the house known for many years as the Hazard house, just east of Oakland. James Birdsall was an active man in the early settlement of the county, and bought and sold many tracts of land. He left the county prior to 1836, and settled on what is now Walnut Hill (Cincinnati), and is since deceased.

Daniel Birdsall settled and built just west of the village of Oakland, where Archibald Haynes owned and lived for many years. He left there prior to 1836 and settled in Lebanon, Ohio, and died in 1839. These settlements were in Survey 2,230.

Robert Reese, a North Carolinian, purchased of JameB Murray 211 acres of land in 2,266, and settled upon it in 1804. These lands were west of those owned by Job Jeffries, south of lands owned by Jonathan McMillan, and all in the same survey. He was a very early settler, and the present citizens of the township know nothing of him or his descendants. Survey No. 777 was made for William Moosley, a Major, June 27, 1796, under Warrant No. 105. It was patented June 6, 1798, in the name of William Mocher. This survey was settled in the same year by Carolinians mostly.

Caleb Easterling and his wife Martha were from Union District, S. C. They were members of the Society of Friends, and belonged to Cane Creek Monthly Meeting. In 1811, they came to Ohio and purchased of Abijah O'Neal fifty acres of land, in the extreme northwest corner of 777. They were the parents of five children - -Enoch, Mary, Thomas, Martha and Caleb. Harry Bray waB from the same place, and settled here the same year. He was born 29th, 8th, 1755; his wife, Kezia, 19th, 3d, 1761. They were married in tlio year 1778, he at the age of twenty-two, she seventeen years. A family of eight children was born to them, all in South Carolina. He purchased 130 acreB adjoining Caleb Easterling on the east, in the same survey. He sold in a few years to Jonathan Garwood, a New Jerseyman. Tradition says Bray went to Indiana with his family prior to 1816.

John Mills, Sr., of whom mention has been made in these pages, as a brother to Rachel, wife of George Arnold, and father of the wife of Layton Jay, came here the same year and settled on lands south of Easterling and Bray. He was a native of Newberry District, S. C., and a member of Bush

Daniel Nicholson, if I am rightly informed, was an Eastern man - a New Yorker. He came here about 1811 and purchased lands now owned by Montgomery Nunion, on the lands owned at this time by Anselm Antrara and others. Richard Batton settled on seventy acres. Henry Fletcher, in a very early day, purchased a large body of land in the eastern half of Survey 777, and built the brick house now on the lands of Manly Oglesbee. His lands embraced a part of those now owned by John Buckley, John H. Hurley, Isaiah Ellis, Israel Hollingsworth and Manly Oglesbee. Nathan Haines, a Virginian, purchased about the year 1816 all the lands of Survey 569 in the township. He settled on a large body of land in Warren just across the line.

Joseph Mills, about the year 1811, purchased 130 acres of land in 770. He was a native of Ireland, and by trade a weaver. This was where the widow of William Bailey, Jr., now lives. William Bailey, Sr., came here about the same time from Virginia, and settled where his widow now resides. His wife was a daughter of Joseph Mills. Frank Bailey, a brother of William, purchased ninety-four acres of land where Robert Stewart and Susan Arnold now own. James Brown settled on fifty-one acres, where the old fulling and carding mill stood, on Trace Branch. William Gaddis on 131 acres, where Nathan Tucker owns and lives. Thomas Gaddis on lands now owned by Elihu Underwood. These men were Pennsylvanians.

Moses Collett, Sr., was a native of Maryland, and was born prior to 1730 and died in 1783. He was the father of Daniel Collett, Sr. , who was born February 10, 1752, in that State, twenty miles west of Baltimore. Daniel was the youngest child, and remained at home until 1772, when, at the age of twenty years, he left Maryland and settled in Jefferson County, Va., on the road leading from Charlestown to Harper's Ferry. He married about the year 1780, Mary, a daughter of Joshua Haines, who died December 11, 1754, and by her he had eight sons and a daughter, born as follows: Joshua, November 20, 1781; Moses, March 28, 1783; Moses, March 6, 1784; Isaac, August 28, 1785; Jonathan, April 25, 1787; Aaron, January 21, 1789; Mercy, September 19, 1790; Benjamin, June 11, 1793, and Daniel, October 1, 1795. Daniel Collett resided there forty years, and was for many years a Justice of the Peace in that State, appointed, as they were in those dayB in Virginia, for life or during good behavior. It was not until after his appointment that he and William Hibben, who, many years ago, were among the leading merchants of Wilmington, Ohio. He held his courts monthly, and it is said that more dignity and decorum attended a Justice's Court in Virginia in those days than are to be seen in the higher courts of Ohio at this day. On one occasion, the Judge of the courts of Jefferson assessed a fine upon each of the Justices of that county for the neglect to provide and erect suitable steps to the jail at Charlestown. Justice Collett paid his fine, and then took the contract for the ei'ection of the stone steps that now grace the front of that historic edifice. His son, Jonathan Collett, hauled the stone and also a part of the lumber and timber used in the construction of the United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry.

Daniel Muse, the patentee of Survey 1,994, had two children, Daniel and Ann. The latter married James Smith, and died after giving birth to a son. who was called James Muse Smith. Daniel Muse, Sr., died, and at his death the lands mentioned went by will to Daniel Muse, Jr., and James Muse Smith. On the 10th day of February, A. D. 1806, Daniel Muse, Jr., sold his undivided one-half to James Smith, Sr., the consideration being $1 per acre.

years of age, when he sold out his lands and came to Ohio and settled temporarily in Warren County. In the early part of 1814, he returned to Virginia and purchased of James Smith, Sr., the undivided one-half of Survey 1,994, the consideration being $5,895, current funds of the United States, the actual number of acres at the sale being 2,358. While Mr. Collett was in Northumberland County, Va., effecting this purchase, the British passed up the Chesapeake to attack Portress Monroe. Mr. Collett returned and the same year settled upon his purchase.

Andrew McKay was a native of Scotland. History, however, makes no record of him other than that he was a member of the Society of Friends, and further, that prior to 1766, he married Jane Ridgeway and had settled in Frederick County, Va. Five children were born to them, viz., Moses, Enos, Jacob, Margaret and Patience. Of these, Moses, born September 17, 1766, at the age of twenty-seven years, or in 1793, married, according to the discipline of the Friends, Abigail Shinn, a daughter of George and Rachel (Wright) Shinn, born May 3, 1776, " late" of Stafford County, Va. The fact of their marriage in this form is sufficient evidence to warrant the conclusion that she, too, was a member of the Friends. The children born to this union were: Rachel, 1st month, 19th, 1794; Robert, 12th, 17, 1795; Sarah, 11th, 11th, 1797; George, 3d, 11th, 1800; Francis, 1st, 9th, 1802; Margaret, 1st, 16th, 1804; Jonas, 9th, 9th, 1806; Virginia, 8th, 22d, 1808; Maria, 5th, 23d, 1811; Jonas T., 5th, 10th, 1813; Levi D., 2d, 29th, 1816; Jacob F., 6th, 3d, 1819; Mary E., 7th, 27th, 1822. About the year 1814, accompanied by his wife and children, he emigrated by way of Pittsburgh, and thence by flat-boat to Cincinnati, stopping a short time at Lebanon. He then came to Waynesville, and soon after purchased a large tract of land east of the Little Miami River and but a short distance west of Caesar's Creek, in what is now Massie Township, Warren County.

Survey 3,908 was made August 15, 1800, for Robert Pollard, in virtue of partof Warrant No. 4,494, for 6,222 acres due Moore Fountleroy, a Major, and contained 4,222 acres of land. It was patented September 29, 1802, in the name of George Pickett.

Jesse McKay was a grandson of Andrew McKay, but whether a son of Enos or Jacob the records do not say. He came to Ohio in a very early day, and settled in Chillicothe, Ross County. He was a man of considerable wealth and dealt largely in land. On the 4th day of October, 1816, he purchased of George Pickett the 4,222 acres, as embraced in Survey 3,908, lying partly in Greene County, and the townships of Chester and Liberty, in Clinton, the consideration being $18,000. This also included 1,000 acres wholly in Greene and a part of Pollard and Pickett 2,234. On the 29th day of August, 1818, Jesse McKay sold to Moses McKay (his first cousin) 1,460 acres of the lands in 3,908, the consideration being $8,090.

Survey No. 2,280 was made February 12, 1794, for 1,000 acres, in favor of W. H. Sargeant, in virtue of Warrants No. 394, for 100 acres, issued to Nathan Hughes (soldier); 2,691, for 100 acres, issued to Benjamin Head (soldier); 2,699, for 100 acres, issued to George Frey (soldier); 2,692, for 100 acres, issued to William Sexton (soldier); 2,693, for 200 acros, issued to Thomas Coleman (Sergeant); 2,690, for lOO acres, to Thomas Lloyd (soldier); 2,694, William Landwick (Corporal), 100 acres; 2,698, for 100 acros, to Robert Armstead (soldier) and patented to Richard Sergeant July 1, 1846. The 1,000 acres embraced in this survey was pui-chased by Moses Collett, May 27, 1806, for $133. 33 of Nathaniel Massie, aud forty years after, in 1846, a dispute arose as to title, and was settled in United States Chancery Court in

Moses McKay never settled on these lands, 3,908 and 2,280, but gave them to his children. Rachel, his eldest child, married before coming to Ohio, in 1814, Nathan Haines, and came afterward to this State with her husband and settled on a large body of land in Survey 567 (Biddle), in Warren County, which extended into Chester Township. Their place of settlement is now owned by their son, Noah Haines; the land in Chester by another son, Amos Haines, Robert never came to Ohio but remained in Frederick County, Ya. , where his descendants remain "to this day." Sarah, in April, 1823, married Jonathan, a son of Daniel Collett, Sr. , and settled with her husband on lands given him by his father in Survey 1,994. George married, in March, 1823, Mary Ferguson, of Frederick County, Ya. , and settled on 423 acres given him by his father (Moses McKay), in Survey 3,908, now owned in part by hia sons George, Samuel and two of his daughters. Francis, October 2, 1830, married Mary, a daughter of Moses and Rebecca Haines Collett, and grand- daughter of Daniel and Mary Haines Collett, and settled on 500 acres of land, in 1832, given him by his father, in Survey 3,908. Margaret married Henry Goode, a physician, in 1824, and settled on 157 acres in 3,908, and 147 in 2,280, the place of residence being in the latter. Virginia, in 1826, married Daniel, a son of Daniel and Mary Haines Collett, and settled with her husband on lands given him in Survey 1,994 by his father. She received as her share of her father's estate 350 acres in Survey No. 2,280, lands now owned by her son, Daniel M. Collett. Maria married, in 1830, Daniel Haines Collett, a son of Moses and Rebecca Haines Collett, and grandson of Daniel and Mary Haines Collett, and settled on 350 acres given her by her father in Survey 2,280. Jonas T. Mc- Kay married Matilda Furguson, in 1833, and settled and remained in Warren County. Levi D. McKay married, in 1836, Mary A., a daughter of William Gaddis, and received 150 acres in Survey 2,280. Sarah, who married Jonathan Collett, received 150 acres in 2,280, lands now owned by John S. Lemar and Thomas B. Conklin, and Jacob F. McKay, who married in Virginia, in 1854, Lucy Spangler, 400 acres in 3,908, lands now owned by Joel Compton, Moses C. and Jonathan McKay. Jacob moved to and settled in Iowa, never settling on his lands in this township. Mary E. married Bond Hackney and settled on 100 acres in 1,557. Moses McKay, Sr., died January 28, 1818, at the age of sixty-two years, and waB buried near Mt. Holly, in Warren County, Ohio; his wife died July 28, 1828, at the age of fifty-two years, and was buried at the same place. The deaths of the sons and daughters of Moses and Abigail Shinn McKay occurred as follows: Jonas died November 17, 1810, in infancy; Rachel Haines, April 1, 1850, aged fifty-six years; George, June 10, 1850, aged fifty years; Virginia Collett, January 15, 1827, aged nineteen years.

John Buckley, in a conversation with the writer regarding the early history of the township, said: "I was born in Dutchess County, in the State of New York, April 16, 1807. In 1816, my parents, accompanied by my grandfather and grandmother on my mother's side, and two of their children, then grown, together with myself, then nine years old, and my four brothers and sisters, started for Ohio in wagons, landing in Clinton County in the latter part of December of that year. We stepped in the street of Oakland (then but three houses), and my father inquired for an empty cabin. He was told that Thomas Luddington had one, and my father went to see him, about two miles southeast of that village, we remaining with the wagons. He returned with the privilege of occupying it until spring. The cabin was a round pole affair and stood exactly where Sharon Meeting-House does to-day. Luddington owned at that time about 100 acres in that neighborhood. We remained there until the spring of 1817, when my father purchased of Jonathan Warton, in Survey 777, 130 acres of land. These lands were originally settled by Henry Bray. The consideration was $800. Caleb Easterling (where Milton Mills now owds and resides) was our nearest neighbor. Our first visitors after we came to the State were Jonah Farquhar and his wife, who came to see us in a pole sled, or 'jumper,' and brought us, among other necessaries, a sack of dried beans. They were indeed made welcome, and the little articles they brought were treats indeed, for we had about consumed everything of an edible character that we started with. The first school I attended after coming here was on lands now owned by the heirs of Moses N. Collett. Old man Mc- Kibben owned the place. The schoolmaster (for he was indeed the master) was an old Yankee by the name of Wilcox, a regular ' down-easter.' It was a subscription school and the price per head was $2 ' a quarter.' He would 'board round' among the parents, and was at my father's a part of the time. When we came to the State, in 1816, James Brown had a carding and fulling mill on Trace Branch. He afterward joined a saw-mill to it. John Kennedy was the last man that ran the carding and fulling mill, and left the township in 1828. Brown was for several years a Justice of the Peace. My father was a cooper by trade, having served his time in Bridgeport, Conn. In time, I became one, also, and in the early days made many barrels for Clark Nickerson, who filled them with lard and pork and then hauled them by wagon to Cincinnati, and sent them by flat-boat to New Orleans. The road now leading from Clarksville (then not exceeding a dozen houses) to where it intersected the Bullskin road, near the now village of New Burlington, had but just been cut out of the woods, and was yet filled with green stumps and logs, and the road (if such it might be called) wound in and out around them. The Bullskin, road, laid out in 1807, was but little, if any, better than the former, and in the wet season these roads were in many places almost (if not) impassable, and the occurrence was not infrequent when a teamster's loaded wagon would stick fast in the mud and remain until a neighbor would come to his relief. We of the East could tell a South Carolinian when we saw him in nearly every instance. He rode his near horse and discarded check lines. I have seen them thus equipped go to meeting, and, in a few instances, to burials. Again, the Eastern teamster carried his whip in his right hand, but suspended over his left arm. The South Carolinian shouldered his. But I suppose we did many things that caused him to smile, even as his actions afforded pleasure for us. At this time (1816), there were but seven dwelling-houses from Dakin's corner to Xenia, that is, a distance of fifteen miles, and they were as follows: Judge Dakin, at the corner; William Dakin, where James Mussetter lives; Henry Fletcher, where Manly Oglesby owns; John Kenworthy, where Henry Spray lives; Thomas Lewis, George Arnold, John Furnas, and a settler north of Caesar's Creek, near where Elijah Spar lives."

Mr. Buckley has spent the largest part of his life in Chester Township; has voted in it at every election since 1828; has never been absent from the township three months at any one time, nor lived out of sight of the settlement of his father in 1817. Mr. Buckley is now an old man upon whose head seventy-five winters have left their marks of time. He will soon have completed his life-work, and when that day shall have arrived it will find him ready, and the township will have lost one of its most upright and honorable citizens.

As I have before remarked in these pages, Chester was one of three into which the county was subdivided at its organization, in 1810. From that date until 1829, and from 1845 to 1864, all rocords thereof are gone - destroyed - which does not speak well, surely, for those who were annually elected and given in trust for the people the records of our corporation. In 1829, the township had reached the nineteenth year of its existence as a part of our great commonwealth, the State of Ohio; therefore, if I may so speak, its childhood history will forever remain untold, so far as any record will show, and I can only begin at a time when it was verging into early manhood. If we look at the matter seriously, as indeed we should, a great loss has been sustained by our people in the destruction of these (now) valuable records. Beginning, then, with the township after it had reached very nearly twenty-one years of age, the first record bears date March 29, 1829, and was an adjourned meeting of the Trustees. The next was a record of the spring election of 1829, and reads as follows:

"At an election held at the house of James Dakin, Esq., in Chester Township, on the 6th day of April, A. D. 1829, at which Samuel Haynes, Elias Dakin and Joseph Conger were Judges, and Morgan L. Yan Tress and Isaac Collett, Clerks, there were received 133 votes. The number indorsed for the sale of county jail was 127, and six electors did not vote on the question; and further, the officers elected at this election are as follows, to wit: Township

Source changes here: from The History of Clinton County, Ohio : Containing a History of the County; Its Townships, Cities, Towns ... General and Local Statistics; Portraits of Early Settlers and Prominent Men; History of the Northwest Territory; History of Ohio .., by Albert J. Brown (A.M.), published 1915; 8,670 words in this source stream.

Adams Township

Adams township is bounded ou tbe west by Warren county, on tbe uortb by Chester township, ou tbe east by Union township and on tbe south by Vernon towOBbip. Adams township Is tbe smallest township in tbe county, having nu nreu of fourteen thousand and two hundred acres, or a fraction over twenty-two square miles. It was the twelfth township formed in the county and was named after John Qulncy Adams.

The water courses of the township are bordered by great stretches of rich nnd fertile bottom lauds, which are. in turn, flanked by a line of low hills that lead to the higher table lands above. From Todd's fork, which divides the township in almost half, to tbe uortb and west there is a rolling tableland of prolific soli, that is black and loamy. To the east and south of this stream the uplands are best adapted to the growth of wheat aud grasses.

Adams township contains only two streams of any size. Todd's fork, which, as has been said, practically divides the township in half, a tributary of the Utile Miami, and Lytle's creek, which empties into the rlrst about one mile southwest of the town of Sllgo. It Is thought that Todd's fork was named after Col. John Todd, a noted pioneer ami Indian fighter, who was killed In the bloody battle of Hlue Licks. August V.i, 17S2. This creek enters the township a short distance to the west of the northeast corner aud tlows to the southwest.

Lytle's creek enters the township at about the center of the eastern boundary and Hows to the west until it empties Into Todd's fork. This stream was named after (Jen. William Lytic, of Cincinnati, a pioneer surveyor of Ilamilron county. To the east of Ogden, about a half mile, there is a small tributary of Lytle's creek, flowing from the south, known as Indian branch. It received its name from a band of Indians who made their home on Its banks before the white mau came. AIriui a third of a mile from the mouth of Indian branch there Is another stream, known as Jess's rim. that puts Into It from au easterly direction.

From the northeast, the township line crossing it not far from its mouth. Dutch creek empties into Todd's fork. From a southerly direetiou, through the northeastern portion of the township, comes Little creek, which empties Into Todd's fork about a mile above tbe mouth of Lytle's creek. There is still another small stream which finds its source near the southern line of the towuship and flows to the northwest, emptying Into Lytle's creek, perhaps a mile below Ogden.

At the time of the first settlements, the whole of Adams township was covered with unbroken, virgin forest. Sprinkled among tbe stately white poplars on the hillsides and the black walnuts of tbe rich alluvial bottoms, were found tbe white oaks nnd tbe widespreading elms. These monarcbs of the forest were often five or six feet in diameter and devoid of limb or branch to the height of sixty feet. But they were forced to how before the axe of the ever-advancing pioneer, nnd their places were taken by homes nnd farms. In making the clearings the trees were usually girdled with the axe and left to "deaden." as It was called. When their trunks bad decayed to a slight degree, they were felled, rolled Into great heaps and burned, the Itest being preserved to be spilt iuto rails, with which to fence in the rudely cultivated plat*.

S Tula Ms Timber

The followiug it* a list of the Indigenous trees of the locnllty, both the common nnd the scientific name being given: Red. or »lfpi>ery. elm (Chnus fulvn), white elm (I'linus Americana), haekberry (Ccltls oecldentalls). dogwood (Conius florida), black gum (Xyssa inullllloni ), mulberry (Moras Rubra), sassafras (8. officinale), linden or bass wood (Tllia Ainerieanus). burr onk (Quereus m.icrocarpa ), white oak (Quereus alba), horn-beam or Iron wood (Carplnus), red oak (Quereus rubra), sugar maple <Acer saccharinum), xwnmp maple (Acer rubrum), sycamore or buttom wood (Planturus oecldentalls), locust (Robiun iweudncaeia ) , honey locust (S. officinale), white walnut or butternut (Juglans elnerca). black walnut (Juglans nigra), shellbark hickory (Caryn sulcata), brown or pignut hickory (Carya parcina), buckeye or borse-ehestnut (Aesculus), common willow (Snlix cordata). black willow (Sallx nigra), yellow |>op)nr (I'optilus grundldenta ) , American aspen (P. tremuloides). beech (Fagus ferruglnen), white ash (Fraxlnus Americana), blue ash (Fruxiuns quadrangulata ). wild cherry (Pruuus serotina).

Chester and Vernon townships originally Included the territory now embraced by Adams township. The first official act of the first board of county commissioners was the division of the county of Clinton into the three townships of Chester. Vernon and Richland. The line between Chester and Vernon townships was Ly tie's creek, beginning where the creek crossed the former line between Highland and Warren counties, nnd continuing to the point where It joined Todd's fork and from thence due west to the new Warren county line. This order was made on April 6, 1S10. by George McManls, Hames Rlnlsell and Henry Rabb. This line remained until August 21, 1S13, when, at a sfteclal session of the <-ommissioners' court. It was moved farther north, to the state road running from Wilmington to Lebanon. Union township was formed at this time, including within its limits parts of both townships. This order was reiterated in the following entry :

"At the present session of the commissioners of Clinton county, towit ; the stated sesslun of June. is.'l(>, held by Joseph Roherds. John I^ewls and James Sherman, commissioners, a petition signed by divers citizens of the county, praying for a restoration to Vernon township of that |iart of Chester which formerly belonged to Vernon, that Is. that the Lebanon state road be the line between said townships; whereupon the commissioners aforesaid, helng of opinion that said alteration is necessary, adjudge and order that the said alteration lie made, and that the road aforesaid be hereafter taken ami esteemed to be the line between said townships."

This line ran through the village of Sligo, which, by 1S40. although still unincorporated, had grown to be unite a good-sized town. A movement was started by Its citizens nnd those of the immediate vicinity to form a new township, of which its would be the business center. On March -"». lH!t. a i»etltion was presented to the commissioners praying that a new township be formed out of (lie territory therein described, which Included parts of Chester. Vernon and Cnion townships. The commissioners apisdntcd Hi nun Madden to make a survey of the territory named, to ascertain the number of square miles It contained. It was found that this territory did not contain a sufficient area, as required by law. for the formation of a township and the petition was withdrawn. The following )>etilion was drawn up at once, circulated and presented to the commissioners on May 1. 1 *-!!>. asking for the formation of a new township, the survey this time containing more territory than before: "To the Commissioners of Clinton County. Ohio:

"Your petitioners, citizens of Clinton county. Ohio, respectfully represent that we labor tinder great I neon vcnlence on account of our very remote situation from the place of holding elections, and from the place where other townBbip business Is transacted. In consequence of which we respectfully, but most earnestly, ask you to establish a township to be taken out of Uuion, Chester and Vernon townships. - (Here follows a description of the territory the same as iu the survey.)

-We, your petitioners, now claim it is an act of justice, as there is left In each of the townships from which the proposed new township is to be taken, ample amount of territory to still constitute a constitutional township, that our petition be granted as now asked for, and which is signed by citizens and voters in the districts included in the boundary of the new township.

The following is the survey of the township as accompanying the petition and adopted as the boundaries of the township. It has remained unchanged to date:

"Beginning at a point opposite Jonathan Hadley's, at a stake In Warren county line, in A. Branstra tor's field; thence east lis poles to Jonathan Hadley's, excluding him: thence to Isaac Hawkins' farm south OS3 20* east, crossing Todd's Fork at one mile and 194 poles, to the turnpike road at one mile and 2»0 i>oles, whole distance, two miles and 40 poles, to a slake including the said Hawkins: thence to the land line of John Osborne, south 58° east two miles and 102 poles, to a beech and two small mulberries; thence cast 116 poles to the west line of Union Township, to a stake and three beeches; tbence south 1° west 44 poles, to the southwest corner of Union Township, to a dead beech and white oak; thence south 1° east .120 jKiles to a stake In said line In Peter Osborn's field; thence north 7° west, crossing Cincinnati State Itoad at one mile and 00 poles, the county road at Joshua Moore's at one mile. 312 ik>I»*s, the <-ounty road at Haines Moore'B at two miles and 140 poles. Lytle's Creek at two miles and 170. iwles. the turnpike road at three miles and 102 poles, Todd's Fork at four miles and 2*0 poles. Waynesville road at live miles and 00 poles (whole distance five miles and 71 poles), to a stake; thence west SI poles.

crossing the Waynesville road at 11 poles to a stake, where Union Township line crosses the county road leading from Clarksvllle to Centre Meeting House; thence to Daniel Collett's, Esq.. south 86° 48* west, three miles and 1G5 poles, crossing Miller's Creek at 205 poles, excluding said Collett; thence west to the Warren County line, south 1" west two miles and 571 poles to the beginning, crossing the Lebanon road and line of Vernon and Chester Townships at two miles and 40 poles, containing twenty-two and onequarter square wiles." This survey was made by Hiram Maden. a pioneer surveyor of the new township.

The commissioners considered the matter on May 1, 1849. and ordered that the township be established and that au election should be held In the new township on May 12. to elect the followlug officers: Three trustees, one clerk, one treasurer, one assessor and one constable. The county commissioners at this time were Azel Walker, Joseph Hosklns and Jesse Donn. The election was held on the date set, In the shop of John II. Moore, in Sligo, with Henry Harvey, David Jenks and W. R. Andrews as the Judges. The following men were elected to till the offices: Jeremiah Hnrvey, David Jenks and Peter Osborn, trustees; Jonathan D. Hadley. clerk; Dr. W. W. Shappard, assessor; Simon Harvey, treasurer, and James H. Elkius. constable. Henry Hazard was elected justice of the peace on October 10, of the same year.