Bristol Township (part 1 of 2)

Bristol Township

wife and six children. The entire journey was made with a one-horse wagon. Ife had intended to settle on the Scioto, but learning that it was an unhealthy locality he changed his intention. He settled in the south part of Bristol. He was prominent in the early affairs of the township and died in Bristol at an advanced age.

William Rowland came from Pennsylvania in 1816, and entered three hundred and twenty acres on sections four and five. But little is now known of his history further than that he was unmarried. But although he was not the head of a family, his coming brought quite an accession to the township's population, as with him came his brothers and their families, numbering thirteen in all. Robert Rowland married Esther Hiatt, daughter of Ezekiel Hyett, of Brooke County, Virginia. The Rowlands were men of unspotted reputation. Their honesty became proverbial.

George Herring was also a Pennsylvanian. He settled on the northeast quarter of section nine. He was a frontiersman in every sense of the term. He built his cabin on the east side of the creek and for many years devoted himself to hunting and trapping, and it is said that he paid for his lands from the products of his hunting expeditions.

John Carlin came to Bristol in 1817, and settled on section five, where he purchased one hundred and sixty-four acres of land, on which he resided until Ins decease, which occurred in 1835.

Simon Merwin was apioneerof 1819. He was a native of Arlington, Vt., where he was born in 1783. In 1810 he came to Zanesville. Erom there he went to Marietta, and from there to Bristol. lie was prominent in early affairs. For twelve years he was a magistrate and for a long time a deacon in the Baptist Church. He had a full share of pioneer experiences. On his arrival in the township he built a cabin of bark, in which he lived until the erection of a log house, like other pioneers. He went to Zanesville to mill with an ox team, following a blazed trail. He died in 1865. His wife, nee Miss Phebe Napier, was born in Hudson, N. Y., in 1784; died in 1864.

John Ryan was one of the early pioneers of Ohio. He was born in York County, Pa., in 1782. When seventeen years of age he came to Belmont County, whence lie emigrated to Bristol in 1837. He married Miss Gerretta Mercer in 1827. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1795, and died in 1867; her husband in 1869. A son, Jesse Ryan, is one of the prominent farmers of the county, and resides in Bloom Township.

In the fall of 1819 Isaac White ho use settled at the head of Bear Run, on sixty-eight acres of unimproved land, which he had purchased of Thomas McGraw, one of the pioneers in this part of the township. He was then a young man and unmarried. He had served his country in the war of 1812, and his military experience had fitted him for pioneer life in the wilds of Bristol. He was a native of Augusta, Maine, and a cooper by trade. He followed his vocation for a livelihood for many years. lie married Miss Nancy, daughter of Thomas McGraw. and reared a family of three children - Robert, Eliza A. and Maria -I. Robert was born on the old place May 31, 1821, and has been a resident of the township all his life. He married Miss Sarah Panniter, daughter of John I).

Parmiter, one of tlie pioneers of the township. She was horn in 1822. Three children were the result of this union - Isaac, John and Israel. Isaac is a merchant in the village of New Bristol.

George Henderson was from Brooke County, Ya., and first settled in Meigsville Township about 1824. where he entered eighty acres of land, which he improved and upon which he lived until 1835, when lie removed to Bristol and purchased the farm upon which he now resides. lie married, in 1823, Miss Catherine Henderson. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1805; lie in Virginia 1803. Eight children have been born to them, six of whom are living. The name of Henderson is one familiar in Muskingum County. The parents of Mrs. Henderson were among the early settlers there. Mr. Henderson is a typical pioneer, hardy, resolute and industrious. He is now in the winter of his old age, and can take a retrospect without any misgivings.

David Mercer was from Belmont County, and one of the early settlers of Bristol Township. He settled on the farm now owned by James Easlich in 1826. He was a blacksmith and gunsmith. He was the auger- and sicklemaker of the county, and for years supplied the county people with these implements, some of which are still in use. lie married Miss Betsy Smith in Belmont County. Her father, Alexander Smith, was also a pioneer. He was a very religious man, and in the early days the meetings were held at his house. He died in Bristol at an advanced age.

David Mercer died at the age of eighty-three on the place where he first settled. He was a man highly respected, and left a family of children: Mary, now Mrs. Reese; Bark hurst, Mrs. Sarah Argo; Mrs. Nancy Grey, John A., William D., David II. and Mrs. Elzenia E. Hardesty. John A. was born in Bristol in 1831, and moved to Malta in September of 1871. He married Miss Lucinda Kinsey, of Belmont County, in 1857.

Robert ( 'unningham was born in Lancaster County, Pa., in 1799. In 1823 he married Miss Sarah A. Cheffey. She was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, about 1804. Soon after their marriage they emigrated to Brooke County, W. Ya., where John A., William, and David were born, the former in 1825, the latter in 1829, William in 1827. In 1832 the family came to Morgan County and settled in the township of Bristol. Mr. Cunningham's purchase was on the southwest quarter of section 21, and consisted of eighty acres of unimproved land. On this farm he resided until his decease, which occurred in 1868.

Contemporaneous with the settlement of Mr. Cunningham was that of his brother-in-law, Jesse Cheffey, and his family. He entered a farm adjoining that of Mr. Cunningham on the west. The pioneer lives of these families were replete with hardships. At times they were quite disheartened, and had it not been for their impecunious condition, would undoubtedly have left the country ; but 1 >y indomitable perseverance they became masters of the sit- . nation. The hills were improved and brought abundant crops; and with the advancement of the township came those perquisites that rendered life pleasant and agreeable. Of the sons of Mr. Cunningham, three became residents of the township. William died on the old farm in 1879. David is a resident of Noble County. John A., the eldest

Bristol

Samnel Roberts came to Morgan County from Loudoun County, V a., about 1827. Ilis first settlement was in Muskingum County. He remained there, however, but a short time, when he made a permanent location in the northeast quarter of the township of Bristol. He was the original settler upon this farm, on which lie resided until his death, which took place in 1871. He brought into the country a family of nine children. Ephraim and John are the only sons now residing in the township. Ephraim married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel McCune, one of the early settlers of Bloom Township.

Joseph Devereaux was from New England, but emigrated to Morgan from Washington County. He was one of the pioneers and for many years la git a- tavern on the Barnesville road on what is now the Cotton farm. His house was the rendezvous for the militia of the county, and the general musters were there held.

James Beatty came from Pennsylvania in 1888 with his family of seven children - five boys and two girls, lie located on the northeast quarter of section 6. He died in 1888.

Wilkes Bozman came from Baltimore County, Md., in November of 1819, and settled upon the farm now owned by David Mercer, lie brought with him a- family of six children, his wife having died in Maryland. The names of the children were Edward, John, Frances, Ruth, Elizabeth and William. He died in McConnelsville in 18(52.

Edmund Murduck, a native of the state of Hew York, came to the southern part of this township and settled near Muttonburg in 1824. He was a carpenter by trade and it is said that he build the first fanning-mill ever used in Morgan Countv. He was an energetic business man and a successful farmer. He died of cholera in Louisville, Ky., in 1832. He married Miss Lydia Murphy and reared a family of three children - Jackson C., Martin Y. and William T. Jackson C. is a farmer in Malta Township; Martin V. is deceased, and William T. is a prominent farmer of Sullivan County, Ind.

The Chambers family are traditionally descended from the " Bruce," one of the conspicuous names in Scottish annals. Alexander Chambers, the progenitor of the family in this country, was born in Ireland and came to America in 1798 with his family consisting of his wife and live children- -William, John, Alexander, Mary and Margaret. They first located near Mt. Pleasant, Ohio, where they remained until 1812, when they removed to Belmont County, where the elder Chambers died in 1861 and where Thomas Y. Chambers was born May 9, 1838. Alexander, the youngest of the three sons of Alexander, Sr., was born in 1785, and came to Morgan County in 1834 and settled on the farm now owned by his nephew, Thomas Y. He died in Meigsville Township in 1878, aged seventy-six. William, the elder of the three boys, had four sons - William, Robert E., Alexander and Thomas Y. Robert E., or Judge Chambers, as he was familiarly known, was born in I>elmont County, and became one of its most prominent citizens. Of the daughters of William - Jane, Mary A., Margaret and Rachel - all are deceased excepting Jane. Thomas Y. came to Bristol in I860), and lias identified himself with the best interests of the township. He has been for nineteen years one of its magistrates, and for many years has been its clerk. He married Miss Lydia Piper, of Belmont County, and to them have been born six children - Robert V., George P., Willie A., Theresa B., Laura W. and Leah J., who died in infancy.

In 1834 George Henderson moved with his family from Washington County, Pa., to Bristol Township, settling on a farm which lie had purchased of Alexander Martin, where he resided the rest of his life. He was a successful farmer and a prominent citizen. He held several township offices and served as township treasurer several terms. He was a Presbyterian in religion and was the founder of the Bristol Presbyterian Church, in which he served as ruling elder. He died in 1855 at the age of seventy -three. Ills wife died some years later at the age of ninetyone. Her maiden name was Mary Glenn, and she was born in Washington County, Pa. They brought to Ohio a family of two daughters and six sons - Allie (Mahan), deceased; Jane (Richey), Muskingum County ; William, Geoige J., Nathaniel G., Robert, John and Jacob. Nathaniel died in 1845, aged twenty-one ; William in 1851, aged thirty-two. George J., John and Jacob reside in Bristol Township and Robert in Kansas.

George J. Henderson, ex-County Commissioner, was born in Washington County, Pa., March 8, 1822, and came to Ohio with his parents. He received a common-school education, and has followed farming, living on his present farm since 1846. lie entered the service of the United States in August, 1862, as captain of Company C, 122d O. A'. I. He took an active part in raising this company, and served as its captain until discharged on a surgeon's certificate of disability in February, 1864. lie is a. leading and influential citizen, and has served twelve years as county commissioner, four years as township trustee and three years as township assessor. Capt. Henderson is a republican in politics, and a member of the Presbyterian Church. He was married in October, 1845, to Catherine Fonts, daughter of Absalom Fonts, of Bristol Township, and has four children living, one deceased: Nancy J. ( Wilson), Mary (Hammond), John A., Allie F. (Cunningham), living; Wm. Isaac, deceased.

William Hempfield was a sailor. About 1815 he was pressed into the English service. In Nova Scotia he deserted, and from New York to Marietta he worked his passage. From Marietta he came to Bristol, and in 1816 entered from the Government a tract of land, which he improved. He was quite prominent in the early history of Bristol and his name is frequently mentioned in the initial events of the township. He died in Bristol in 1880.

Matthew Scott came from AYashington County, Pa., about 1840. His coming brought quite an accession to the township population, as with him came his family of wife and nine children. His son, William Scott, now occupies the original homestead. Matthew Scott was a successful farmer and a kind neighbor. He died in Bristol in 1877, aged seventy -three years. Mrs. Scott was a native of Washington County, Pa. Her maiden name was Sarah Glover. She died in 1848. Of

William II. Cool was born in Washington County, Pa., December 24, 1813. He learned the trade of a blacksmith, and in early life removed to Brooke County, W. Va. Here he became a river trader, plying his vocation on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers from Wellsburg, Va., as far south as New Orleans. Upon his last trip, in 1845, misfortune overtook' him and he lost much of the hard earnings of former years. Upon his return he abandoned the river and came to Morgan County and entered the employ of Elijah Stephens. In 1847 they formed a copartnership for the purpose of general merchandising, in which business he continued either in company with others or alone for over thirty-five years. He was the postmaster at Bristol from 1847 to his decease in 1882. February 25, 1846, he married Miss Nancy, daughter of Rev. Samuel Adams. Mr. Cool was a successful business man, and by liis kind and courteous deportment endeared himself to a large circle of friends.

Joseph McDonald was born at a place known as Robinson's Run, ten miles from Pittsburgh, Pa., April 21,1821. IBs parents, Joseph and Margaret (Forsyth) McDonald, were of Irish birth and came to this country on the same vessel in 1801. They were married iti Pennsylvania and reared a family of ten children. In 1836 they came to Muskingum County, Ohio, settling in Blue Rock Township, where they both died, the father in 1871, in his ninety-seventh year, the mother in Inn1 eight ysixth year. Both were very reputable people and worthy members of the Presbyterian Church. .Joseph, Jr., was reared on the farm of his father, and received a limited education fron the subscription schools of that period. His father came to the country a poor man and settled on a new farm, and the experiences of his youth no doubt fitted him for the work that came to him in after years. After attaining his majority his first employment was in clearing and fencing land at six dollars per acre. When not thus engaged lie labored as a farm hand at thirty-seven cents per day. In this way he learned habits of industry and the practice of the most rigid economy. At the age of twenty-three he married Miss Mary Reed, a native of Washington County, Pa. In 1858 he came to Bristol and bought the farm where he now resides, of Zachariah Lawrence, the first settler. He has reared a family of nine children and is classed among the most successful of Morgan County farmers. He is a Presbyterian and a democrat.

John McDonald, while not an early settler, was one of the prominent farmers of the township. He was a Pennsylvanian, and in an early day his family emigrated to Muskingum County, whence he removed to Bristol in 1847. Here he resided until his decease in 1880. He married Miss Sarah, daughter of William Fordyce, one of the pioneers of the county.

! He was wounded in the battle of Shiloh, and was detailed as an ambulance driver, and was in every battle in which the division was engaged during the war. lie was at the siege of Vicksburg; with " Sherman to the sea;" in the battles of Champion Hills, Lookout Mountain, Atlanta, Fort Donelson,

John Augustus C. Leland was born in Northumberland County, Virginia, in 1826. He was the son of Baldwin Leland, a well-to-do cotton planter and slaveholder. At the age of seven years he was left an orphan by the death of his father, his mother, a French lady, having died when he was a babe. At the age of ten lie left Virginia with a brother-in-law, Peter P. Cox, who settled in Guernsey County, ( )hio. He was reared, however, by Mrs. Elijah Stevens, a sister, and with them came to Morgan County. His education in books was confined to the inferior district schools of that day; but in that other school in which the teachers are observation and experience, he lias been an apt pupil. For three years he was engaged in the store of Mr. Stevens, at Bristol, and upon attaining his ma jority was married to Miss Huldah, daughter of David Stevens, the pioneer of the township. Shortly after his marriage he bought a new farm of seventy acres and commenced life as a farmer. In 1867 Mrs. Leland died, having borne him five children, three girls and two boys. In 1871 he was again married to Miss Sarah I)., daughter of Richard Jenkins, the pioneer in the section of the township in which he settled.

Zacliariah Peddicord was born in Brooke County. West Virginia, and came to Morgan County with his father, Dorsey Peddicord, in 1831. The elder Peddicord settled on the farm where his son Zacliariah now resides. He resided upon this place until his decease, which occurred in 1853, at the age of seventy-six. He was the father of eleven children, by two marriages. Zachariah married Miss Laura E., daughter of Thomas Murphy, who came to Bristol from Loudon County, Virginia, about 1820. He settled near where Mount Zion Church now is. He married a sister of Archie McCollum, one of the pioneers of the township. Mr. Murphy died in 1846.

John Hardesty was born in Muskingum County in 1811, and has been a resident of the county for over a quarter of a century. He first engaged in merchandising in Roland and thence came to Bristol in 1883, where he now resides.

James Harper, one of the substantial farmers and prominent men of Bristol Township in his day, came from Belmont County in 1845 and settled in Bristol. He brought with him a family of ten children, four boys and six girls. He was a farmer and stockdealer, and a thorough and energetic business man, and is still remembered as one of the foremost citizens of the township at the time in which he lived there. He died in Bristol. After his death John J.,the eldest son, succeeded to the management of his father's affairs. He was twice married; first, to Miss Rebecca Lawrence; his second wife was Miss Sophia Davis. By this second union there were five children, three boys and two girls - James W., John R., George, Mary R. and Lydia. John the present sheriff of the county, was born in Monroe County in 184b. James W. was born in Belmont County, O., in 1847, and is a prosperous farmer in Homer Township. He married. in 1872, Miss Esther M. Heston - three children. The boys are self-made men, and but few stand higher in pub-

John King was born in Penn Township in 1837; he was the son of Abel King. His grandfather, Michael King, was one of the first settlers of Penn Township. August 27, 1861, he was mustered into the service of his country as a member of Company F, 36th Regiment, O. Y. I. Tie served during the entire war with the company in which he enlisted. Ilis regiment did efficient service, and for a year was in West Virginia, moving thence to old Virginia, where they were engaged in the second battle of Mannassas, also the battles of South Mountain and Antietam. They then returned to West Virginia, and shortly after were attached to the Army of the Cumberland. After the battle of Chickamauga, they re-enlisted as veterans, and again they were transferred to West Virginia, going thence to the Shenandoah Valley, where under Gen. Sheridan they fought the battles of "Winchester and Lynchburg. Mr. King was mustered out September 3. 1864. He is now one of the prominent farmers of the township.

William Phillips was born in Cadiz Township. Harrison ( 'ounty, Ohio, J une 20, 1818. While an infant lie met with an irreparable loss in the death of his father, and at an early age was thrown upon his own resources. He was reared in Harrison ( 'ounty, and started in life as a shoemaker, to which trade he had been apprenticed. He followed this vocation for ten years, and in 1837 came to Morgan County, Ohio, and settled in Meigsville Township, where he purchased a small farm, upon which he resided six years, when he disposed of his property and went West. The

Western country proving uncongenial, he returned to Morgan County and purchased a farm in Bristol Township, where he has resided for a quarter of a century. By his thrift and energy he has accumulated a comfortable competency, and has built up a reputation among his neighbors and friends that is worthy of emulation. In 1838 he was married to Miss Polly Brothers, of Harrison County, Ohio, where she was born in 1822. They have been blessed with a family of seven children: John, William. Alexander, Ella, James, Charles F. and Mary J.

Initial Events

It is extremely difficult at this time to obtain a just conception of the trials, inconveniences and hardships of the first settlers of Bristol. Remote as they were from villages and frequently without money, they were placed in many trying positions; but they were fertile in expedients and many were possessed of much inventive genius, and means were always devised to attain their desires. Wagons were almost unknown, and if they had had them they would have been useless, as there were no roads on which they could be used. Some of the first wagons were made by the settlers without the assistance of a wasuno maker; the wheels were sawed from a log of suitable size1, and destitute of hull or tire. Some of the later settlers brought wagons with them, and these were loaned around amoim the neiit'hhors. Some had carts, and frequent] v two neighbors would construct a watron by using the wheels of their carts. A pioneer harness would now be a rare curiosity. The breast and tongue chains were made of hickorv withes.

the traces of rawhide or elm bark; the collars were of cornhusks, sewed with splits of oak. In another chapter will be found a vivid description of the life of the pioneers, and the above is merely given to illustrate some of the expedients to which they were obliged to resort and the economy they were compelled to practice. Ginseng, maple sugar and deerskins were for a time the only articles that would command money. Wheat was packed on horses and taken to Zanesville, where it was marketed at about twenty-five cents a bushel. This was the price of that commodity in 1805. In 1804, however, from some cause it brought two dollars per bushel.

Hogs ran wild in the woods and in the fall they fattened upon mast, and were hunted the same as any other wild game. For lack of conveniences for dressing they were either skinned or the hair burned off by placing them on a log tire.

The first settlers of Bristol were not deprived of postal facilities. As early as 1808 David Stevens was appointed postmaster of Meigsville Township, which then embraced all of what is now Bristol. This was the first office, and he the first postmaster of which we have any knowledge in Morgan County. There was a post-route established between Marietta and Zanesville previous to the year 1798. In that year Daniel Converse, then a young man twenty-one years of age, carried the mail on this route nearly the entire distance on horseback. At this time the country between Zanesville and Marietta was a dense wilderness and infested with hostile Indians. On one occasion Converse was pursued by the savages, anil when near the mouth of

Olive Green Creek, which he was obliged to cross, he had a very narrow escape. A large, flat log had been placed across the creek for the benefit of foot passengers, but the ford was located one mile farther up the creek.

The Indians were in full chase, and elated with their prospective victory, they made the hills resound with their yells. But young Converse was a boy of rare presence of mind and fertile in resources, and without a moment's deliberation be came to the conclusion that his only alternative was to ride bis horse across the log, for if he rode to the ford and back the savages would there intercept him. It was a daring trip, but one which the Indians had not anticipated and dared not undertake. II is horse seemed to comprehend the situation fully, and carried his young master safely across, and thus saved his life.

About the first thing to receive the serious attention of the early settlers was the question of roads. They usually found their way to their new homes by trails or blazed bridle-paths, but they saw the necessity of a more convenient thoroughfare for the transportation of the products of the farms. The first road in the township was the Marietta and Zanesville road, a return of which was made July 8, 1808. It was for years a post-route.

One of the earliest routes of travel was the so-called Federal Trail, said to have been made by a portion of Gen. St. Clair's army, who were unable to obtain boats for transportation to Fort Washington. The trail commenced at Grave Creek, on the Ohio River, and running westward crossed Dye's Fork of Meigs Creek at Renrock, then divided, one branch crossing Bristol Town- ship through Sandhollow and passing through the northeast corner of Bloom, and thence into Muskingum County, crossing the Muskingum River at Gaysport.

What is now known as the Barnesvill'e road was one of the earliest and most important roads in the township. It was ordered about 1820. It is not the purpose of the writer to give a detailed account of road-making in Bristol. New roads are constantly being suggested and old ones taken up. They have always been a knotty problem for Bristol people. The character of the soil and the hills render the building of good roads an exceedingly difficult task.

Mills then, as now, were prime necessities, and the pioneers were frequently obliged to go many miles, through an almost trackless wilderness, carrying their grist upon a horse. If the mill was located upon a small stream and the water was low, or if, as was frequently the case, there were many others there before them, they had sometimes to wait several days before their turn came. The pioneers of Bristol were obliged to go to Zanesville to get their grinding done, for several years. There was frequently in the neighborhood someone who had a handmill, but using it was a very slow and tedious process, and but little in advance of that more primitive way of reducing the grain to flour - that of burning a hollow place in a stump and beating it with a pestle attached to a spring-pole. About 1810 a log mill was built on Boat's Fork by Philip Moore, which he operated for several years. About 1825 he built a new mill of hewed logs, and also a sawmill, lob lvennison had a hand-mill for vrindinen o corn, which was frequently used by the settlers. Alex. Mutchmore had a horsemill on the Cotton farm. He also had a distillery at the same place.

Elijah Stevens, of Zanesville, states that what was known as the " Cobb's Mill" was the first in the vicinity, and that he ground corn in 1810, and that in the following year, 1811, Taylor's mill was built at the forks of Meigs Creek.

Mr. Stevens is also authority for the statement that Miss Mary Wilson, daughter of Deacon Wilson, of Waterford. taught a school at the house of Stanton Fordyce in the year 1812, and that in 1814 Thomas Sawyer taught a school in the township. One of the first schools in Bristol was taught by a Yankee by the name of Samuel Shattuck, in a. rude log cabin previously occupied by some squatter or hunter. It was located in what is now district number two. The floor was of puncheons, and a hole in the logs four feet high by two feet in width was the only place of admittance, which was closed, when necessity required, by a puncheon set up endwise. The light was admitted through greased paper. A huge fireplace eight feet in width warmed the house in winter. In the center of this primitive schoolliouse sat the teacher during school hours upon a seat made from the end of a log. lie was armed with a long whip, with which he could reach any refractory pupil in the room without getting up. The seats and desks were made of slabs. The latter were retained in their places by wooden pins driven into the logs. Among the pupils who attended this pioneer school were David L. Jenkins, Lovit Bishop, Mary A. Jenkins, Austin Prouty, Acus and Phineas Allen. liar- rison Stephens and Saphronia Prouty. The only branches taught were reading, writing and arithmetic. One of the early teachers was a fellow by the name of Perry, a generous and liberal (?) man, who on certain occasions would treat 1 1 is pupils to whisky to stimulate them in the performance of their duty.

The first marriage license was issued by Levi Barber, July 12, 1816. The contracting parties were John McKee, of Guernsey County, and Miss Rachel I )eLong, The ceremony was performed by 'Squire Stevens.

The first couple married in Bristol after the organization of the county was William Burris and Charlotte West. The license was issued by Samuel A. Barker, December 27, 1819.

The first tavern was kept by David Stevens in 18(>8, at the place where Dye's Fork of Meigs Creek crosses the Zanesville and Marietta road. Mr. Stevens was a genial host and served his guests with venison, bear meat and wild turkey.

The early settlers of Bristol evinced a decided taste for military affairs, and in all the general musters they took a prominent part. These general musters were looked forward to with a great deal of interest, probably for the reason that they afforded the people a little relaxation and gave them an opportunity of seeing people from all parts of the county and thus gathering all the news. For many years these musters were held on the farm of Joseph Devereaux, on the Barnesville road, in the western part of the township. Judge Gaylord, in his " Reminiscences of the County," thus describes the first muster :

"It was upon the Devereaux farm that the first general muster of the first regiment of Morgan County militia was held. The regiment was about 500 strong and was officered by Col. Alexander McConnel ; B. W. Talbot, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Asa Emerson, Major. The regiment appeared upon the ground fully armed and equipped - some with and many without guns ; some with walking-sticks, others with cornstalks, and because of the latter being the prevailing arm of 'offense and defense' at these musters they were everywhere called the 'cornstalk militia.' As these musters were a new feature in the public affairs of Morgan County, and the people being of a more social nature than now, full of fun and frolic, they came in for fifteen miles around - men, women and children - to participate in and witness the performances of the day. Whisky, cider, apples and gingerbread were consumed liberally. At this time whisky was the prevailing beverage and universally considered an article of necessit y, especially to those who were in any way exposed to the vicissitudes of the weather or engaged in laborious employment. Prohibitionists were then unknown, and a neighbor who failed to offer a friend a drink, even when calling at his house, was thought to be a mean and stingy fellow and as much despised as if he failed to observe other more necessary acts of hospitality. At these general musters fights of "fist and skull" were common. The combatants purposely met to test their muscular superiority, or to settle any differences that might in the past have been existing between them. At this first general muster appeared the Olive Green Independent Rifle Company,. John Whitmore, Captain. They were the observed of all observers - one hundred strong; large, sinewy, resolute, fierce-looking fellows from the townships of Olive, Olive Green, and Centre. Their uniform was entirely home-made and made up of a deep blue hunting shirt fringed with red, and butternut pants. Every man was well armed with a scpiirrel ride. The officers wore the same kind of uniform as the privates, and were distinguished from the common soldiers by some outlandish insignia of rank. They would go through the manual of arms, march and countermarch, and by way of variety give a little of the maneuvers and drill of the Indians. In this way they gained the applause of the spectators. Maj. Emerson made his debut at this muster, in company with other regimental and staff officers, mounted upon a diminutive, untamed young charger. The Major in person was long and lank, standingover six feet in his stockings, dressed in gaudy regimentals, spurs on his heels and several in ids head. The martial music of that day was immense, but discordant, and the Major's horse, not having an ear for that kind of music, took fright and started off at full tilt - first down along the front of the regiment, then made a like exhibition of himself in the rear. He then charged the center and broke it, routing whole companies. The unceasing music from a dozen drums and the spurs on the Major's heels, added to the shouts from a thousand throats, increased the terror of the warhorse and the prolongation of the Major's ride, which came to an ignominious ending in a fence corner. The affair disgusted the Major and he retired from military life. He died many years ago at his home near Luke ( Chute, in Windsor Township."

The first election held in Bristol was on the 24th day of July, 1819, at the house of Simon Menvin, for the purpose of electing a justice of the peace. This was eleven years after the first settlement in the township by David Stevens in 1808. From some cause the pioneers were not very much interested in the election, as only twenty -four votes were cast. Following are the names :

At an election held two years after, June 30, 1821, thirty-six votes were polled, showing either a. small increase in the population or a decided lack of interest in politics in 1819. At this election the following electors appeared for the first time and voted :

The above undoubtedly gives the names of nearly all the settlers up to 1825. A large portion of them were from the state of Maine, while the nativity of the balance was pretty equally distributed among the following states: Virginia, Ohio, Maryland, West Virginia and Pennsylvania.

Bristol Township, with all its enterprise, energy and wealth, so prominently manifested in its whole history, has failed to build up a village of any considerable importance within its borders. The only place of note to be found in the township is the village of Bristol, laid out in 1831 by Thomas Stevens. It contains in its survey about fourteen lots, with the necessary streets and lanes running through it for the convenience of its inhabitants. It is on the Barnesville road, about six miles from McConnelsville, and is the central business point of the township. It is in the suburbs of this village where stood for more than fifty years the old Bristol meeting-house - about the first house built for public worship in the county. This village of Bristol has failed to flourish and spread itself to the extent contemplated by its venerable and public-spirited proprietor. Some envious and evil-disposed person, full of expedients to blast the good name, fame, and prospects of the embryo village, and being moved in his hatred and ill will by that evil spirit that seems to have control of the human heart, put into circulation a report that some of its inhabitants had a taste for mutton, and mutton they would have, whether in a legitimate way or not. These outside barbarians who had lost their mutton, instead of leaving their ninety and nine unlost sheep and going forth in a friendly way in search of the lost one, in their hatred and contempt of the villagers gave the town, just blooming into importance and notice, the contemptible name of Muttonburg, by which name it is now known far and near and will so continue to be known and called, it is feared, until the Angel Gabriel sounds his last trump.

Religious History

The early settlers of Bristol were men of excellent morals and who had in their former lives received religious advantages. Many of them had been members of some religious organization, and in their new homes they sadly felt the need of church facilities. As soon, however, as a little settlement had been formed they were usually visited by some itinerant minister and services were held at some cabin accessible to all. The first of these pioneer ministers in Bristol was Rev. Levi Reeves, who held meetings in the homes of William and Stanton Fordyce and Casper Hollenbeck. Alvin Fuller was an early preacher of the Baptist faith. He was followed a few years later by Rev. Russell. Rev. Samuel Baldridge was the first to minister to the spiritual wants of the Presbyterians. These missionaries preached to the people long before the organization of any church. They were men very zealous in their master's service, and endured many hardships and privations. It is said of Rev. Baldridge that "he lived near a Master whom he obeyed." Humility was one of the salient points in his character. When he prayed on a Sabbath morning he and his hearers were bowed low. He preached as one with a message not his own. There was no doubt, no hesitation, no doctrine of probabilities in any of his teachings.

Rev. John Chapman, or " Appleseed Johnny," or "Johnny Appleseed," as he was familiarly known among the pioneers, was a man remarkable for the depth and sincerity of his piety. A large portion of his life was devoted to missionary labor among the new settlements. He frequently was barefooted, but never without an abundant supply of appleseeds in his pocket, which he distributed among the early settlers. Some of the oldest orchards in this and other portions of the state are said to have been planted by him. He left this part of the state about 1840, an old man, and it is said that he continued to preach and plant appletrees beyond tin; pale of civilization until lie died. In 1816 he planted a large orchard on the farm now owned by William Argo, in the western part of the township, for a gentleman by the name of Fuller. In 1818 Fuller sold the farm to a Massachusetts gentleman by the name of Johnson, who placed the property in charge of an agent. ( )n visiting it in 1822 he was somewhat surprised to find that his young orchard had been transferred to a farm on Bear Run.

Rev. Adrial Iluzzey was an expounder of the faith of the New Lights, an organization now extinct in the county. In connection with his ministerial labors he carried on shoemaking, and was frequently found plying both vocations at the same time. Lie was one of the earliest ministers in the township and a man of many eccentricities. lie must have been among the first to settle in the township, as Elijah Stevens says that he made shoes for his father's family in 1 810. In those days it was not an uncommon sight to see women going to church barefooted, and if any of them were so fortunate as to have shoes they usually carried them in their hands until near the place of meeting. A venerable pioneer says: " I attended church at the Old Bristol Meeting-House when only five women in a large congregation had shoes."

Bristol Meeting- House. - This was one of the first churches erected in the county. In it for many years the pioneers were wont to assemble, and the spot where it stood is hallowed by many associations. It was erected in the year 1822. It was built by the early settlers and was used by all denominations and frequently for other purposes. It was quite an imposing structure for those days. It was constructed of yellow-poplar logs which were neatly hewed. It was known by some as the New Light Church, there being many of that belief in the immediate vicinity, and the Rev. Adrial Iluzzey, the expounder of the tenets of that faith, being one of the first to hold meetings there. It stood near where the Disciple Church now stands. It was destroyed by fire about 1870.

( 'hristian Church. - In the early times the people living in the immediate vicinity of what is now New Bristol, or Muttonburg, as it is generally known, were adherents of the Christian Church until they became members of other denominations. Their last meeting was held at "Old Bristol Meeting-House" about 1855. About the year 1833 Samuel Adams and a few others moved into the vicinity, and made the initial effort in the formation of what is now the Christian Church. They met from house to house until the erection of a church about two miles east of Old Bristol. This house was eventually vacated and Old Bristol Meeting-House became their place of worship until it was burned. They then erected another church in the immediate vicinity. Rev. John Beard was the first pastor. He was succeeded by Revs. Dunn and ( )'Kyle. Gardner, White, Roswell, Franklin and Bingman were prominent revivalists.

Bristol Presbyterian Church This church was established in the summer of 1835 by those who had been members of the same denomination in Western Pennsylvania and Virginia. After the erection of a church building 25x30 feet, they applied to the Presbytery for admission. The Rev. James Moore was sent by the Presbytery to effect the organization. October 29, 1835, Rev. Moore preached to them, and after the services the following persons were received: Thomas Alexander, Hester Alexander, George Henderson, Mary Henderson, John Miller, Jane Miller, Hugh Scott, Sarah Scott, Mary Moore, Allie Henderson, Jane Henderson, and Abigail Coalman. March 5, 1836, George Henderson and John Miller were ordained and installed ruling elders. In November of this year the sacrament was administered for the first time by Rev. William Wallace. In September of the following year Rev. John Arthur became the pastor. June 28, 1839, he was succeded by Rev. James C. Sharon, who remained until the autumn of 18±2. In the spring of 18±3 Rev. Benj. I. Lowe was employed. lie remained one year. The pulpit was then vacant until 1846, and that year Rev. Thomas Smith came, remaining until October, 1851. In November of 1851 Rev. John P. Caldwell was installed. Under his pastorate the church thrived to such an extent that a new building was needed, and in 1853 the present structure was erected at a cost of about $1,300. In 1856 Rev. Caldwell left, and the church was without a pastor until December 26, 1857, when Rev. W. M. Grimes was employed. He remained until 1860. In October of 1862 Rev. C. C. B. Duncan was called. He remained three years, after which Rev. Grimes returned. He was succeeded by Rev. C. W. Courtright, N. C. Helfrich, W. M. Grimes, C. B. Taylor, J. A. Baldridge and E. W. Fisher, the present pastor, who was called September 1, 1883. The present membership is about 150. The following have officiated as elders : George Henderson, John Miller, W. 11. Smiley, William Henderson, W. G. Henderson, Hugh Boyd, Joseph McDonald, Samuel

Mt. Zion Church. - Mt. Zion Church, of Bristol, has been from its organization one of the strongest country churches in Morgan County. At the same time it is one of the oldest, having been organized by John Hammond in 1819. The records having been lost, it is impossible to give the names of the original members, but among them were the Hammonds, Devols, Murphys, Ranersons, Cuddingtons, McCartys, Smiths, Harmons, and others. James Abbott was the first class-leader. The first church building was of logs; it was built in 1821. The present structure was erected in 1850; it is 38x44 feet, and cost $1,200. The present membership is about fifty. The society has a flourishing Sabbath-school of fifty pupils. Of this church, W. T). Mercer says : " There is probably no country church in the state that so many people will call their spiritual birthplace."

Mt. Carmel Church. - Mt. Carmel Church (Methodist Protestant), is located two miles northwest of Mt. Zion Church. It was organized in 1827, and a log house built for a place of worship. Nathan Coleman, James Howard and Alexander Smith were among the prominent early members of this organization.

Bristol Grange No. 80 was organized in 1870 with thirteen charter members and William Chandlers as master. At one time the order was quite prosperous, and had one hundred members.

The society has a fine hall, the lower part of which is occupied as a Grange store. The first officers, after the erection of the building, were John Henderson, master; Solomon Rowland, secretary; James Scott, treasurer; John Whitney, overseer.

The Parmiter Family

The Parmiters are of English descent. The name was originally spelled Palminter, the present orthography of the name being quite modern. John D. Panniter, one of the pioneer settlers of Bristol Township, was born in Massachusetts in 1779. When a young man he was married to Hannah Rowe, and shortly afterward they settled in Hancock County, Maine. There he Avas engaged in farming until 1813. In the spring of that year he decided to emigrate with his family to the " Ohio Country," the Scioto Valley having been determined upon as his future home. Accordingly, lie loaded into his one-horse Avagon his family, consisting of Mrs. Parmiter and six children, and in due course arrived safely at Zanesville. Here he Avas persuaded by a man named Varnum, avIio had previously settled on Meigs Creek, to change his plans and locate in the valley of the Muskingum, instead of on the Scioto. He passed the winter with his family at or near where Pnionville noAv is. There were then about six familieson Meigs Creek. In the spring of the following year (1814) he leased and settled upon an unimproved piece of land in section 3, Meigsville Township

Source changes here: from History of Morgan County, Ohio, by Charles Robertson, M. D, published 1886; 9,025 words in this source stream.

Bristol Township

Organization - Topography - Nativity of the First Settler* - David Stevens, the Pioneer - Social Gatherings - Log-Rollings -Raisings - Corn-Shitckings - Quiltings - Dances - Arthur and William Jenkins - The Fordyces Benj. W. Talbot - Land-Sharks - Experience of an Early Settler - Matthew Wilson - Experience of an Early Mail Carrier - Initial Events - List of Early Settlers - The "Old Bristol Meeting- House" - Pioneer Ministers - Johnny Appleseed^Adrial Huzzey. tiie Shoemaker and Preacher - Later Settlers - New Bristol - Churches.

THIS township came into existence as one of the subdivisions of Morgan County, July 7th, 1819, at which time the court issued the following order:

" Ordered , That said township be entitled to two justices of the peace ; and " Whereat, It appears that there is now one acting justice of the peace within said township,

" Ordered , That the qualified electors be authorized to assemble at the house of Mr. Merwin, in said township, on the 24th inst., for the purpose of electing one other justice of the peace."

The justice referred to by the court was David Stevens. His first commission was dated July 8, 1815. June 18, 1818 he was reappointed. Both commissions are signed by Thomas Worthington, then Governor of the State.

sections in this part of the state. The township is well watered by the branches of Meigs Creek, together with Horse Run, a branch of Dye's Fork of Meigs Creek. The west branch is called "Mann's Fork," and the east branch, which is the middle branch of the creek, is called " Beal's Fork." These branches are so called after two of the first settlers upon their waters. The bottoms of these creeks are exceedingly rich and productive in all the cereals, while the hills produce an abundance of rich and nutritious grasses that make the region a very desirable one for wool-growing, which is one of the most important industries of the township. The inhabitants are a thrifty and energetic people, and have done much in giving the township the prominent position it occupies among the other townships of the county. Judge Gaylord says " that perhaps no people in the pioneer days enjoyed themselves more rationally and actively than did the people of Old Bristol. The Maine Yankees and the Pennsylvania and Virginia "Corn Crackers," coming together and commingling at their j social gatherings, backwoods fashion, made to themselves lively times/" Numerous laughable anecdotes and in- j teresting scenes are related as taking place among the old pioneers.

Benj. W. Talbot, John Kirk, Job Armstrong, Deveraux, Zera Patterson, the Jenkinses, Devols, Fordyces, Law- j rences, Foutses, Stevenses, Wellses, and others were all prominent characters at that day. Young and muscular, they were all active in all enterprises, athletic exercises, and social gatherings, such as house-raisings, log-rollings, cornslmckings, balls, quiltings and dances, and then, too, they were prominent at church, weddings and funerals. While under the "stated preachings'" of Rev. Klder Adrial Muzzey at "Old Bristol'" Meeting-House (the only place of worship in the township for many years), the |>eople were mildly reproved for their transgressions and timely advised as to how they should conduct themselves in order to make themselves acceptable to that u Divinity who shapes our ends, rough hew them how we wdl.""

The first entry of Government land within the present boundaries of the township was made in 1S04 bv David Stevens on the northeast quarter of section JO. He leased the land to one Abel Gallant, who remained on it until 1808, when Mr. Stevens took possession. Here he kept tavern until 1SJ9, when he removed to Muskingum County. He was a typical pioneer and undoubtedly the first settler in the township. He was born in Stamford, Conn., February 22, 1709. From Stamford the family came to Washington County, Pa., in 1781, and from there to Marietta, 1 Ohio, in 1790. He helped build the blockhouse at Waterford, and for ten years was an aid to Gen. Rufus Putnam in surveying public lands. He assisted in opening the road from Wheeling, W. Va., to Maysville, Ky., and in the year 1S00 he helped cut the Waterford and Zanesville trail. His name is connected with many of the initial events in the history of this part of the state. In 18 ol he was engaged at the Chandlersville Salt-Works. Salt at this time was sold at five dollars per bushel. He was married in 1802 to Eleanor Bentley. Ilis son Elijah, now living in Zanesville, was born in 18o4. After entering his land in Bristol Township, which was at that time a part of Meigsville Township, Washington County, he moved to the Hammond farm, near High Hill, Muskingum County. Here he erected a log cabin over a large chestnut stump. This stump was used by the family for many years as a table. In this cabin Mr. Stevens " kept tavern "" for many years and had the honor of entertaining Gen. Lewis ("ass, Gov. Meigs, Bishop Asbury, and other noted men of that day, all of whom dined from off the chestnut stump. Mr. Stevens was a remarkable man in many respects. Like most of the pioneers, he was a great hunter, and it is said that he killed over two hundred bears, besides wolves, deer and other game, lie had three brothers, all men of powerful physique. James was a physician and settled in Washington County, Pa.; Samuel at Chandlersville, Ohio. David died in 1801.

The Stevens farm on section JO was thought to be a desirable location for the county seat. One of the advantages claimed for it by those who urged its selection was that it was nearest the "geographical center'' of the county. The location of the seat of county government was a question that seriously agitated the jieople of the county for a time, a full account of which is given in the general chapters.

In 1804 John Wilson and Henry Nichols were living near Dye's Fork, but whether in Bristol or in the territory now embraced by Manchester is not known.

Arthur and Richard Jenkins came from Marietta and settled on Bear Run, on section twenty-eight in the spring of 181b. The Jenkinses were Welsh people. They emigrated to this country in 1801, and were in every way well qualified for the ordeal through which they had to pass. Arthur was a man of family, which he brought with him ; there were three boys, Thomas, Richard and David. But few men were more largely identified with the township in the early days than Arthur Jenkins. He was a man of unquestioned honesty, an industrious and thrifty fanner and in every sense a worthy citizen.

William Fordvce was not only one of the early pioneers of the township, but was connected with many of the events in its history. He was one of the early justices and said to be the first clerk of the township after it l>ecame one of the subdivisions of Morgan County. It is stated on what seems to l>e good authority that he was a resident as early as 1804, but family tradition and the statement of the oldest native-born resident of the township, Mr. David L. Jenkins, places his settlement ten years later. He was of Canadian birth, and first settled near Marietta, whence he removed to Bristol in 1814. With him came his family, consisting of his wife and two children,

The year succeeding the arrival of l.;Mr. Jenkins, Benjamin W. Talbot settled in the vicinity of the Cotton farm. He came from Westmoreland County. Pa. Stanton Fordvce, John Kirk, Joseph Deveraux, Arphaxed I)evol,and Job Armstrong were his neighliors. For many years he kept a tavern on the Barnesville Road.

Nearly all of the pioneers were men in very limited circumstances and not infrequently they had barely money enough to locate them in their new homes and obtain subsistence for their families for a limited period. The' would " squat " upon a piece of land,

] erect a cabin and make a clearing before they had entered the land, trusting to fortune for the money necessary to make the purchase of the government. In many cases mercenary sjieculators, or " land-sharks, M as they were commonly known, would enter the land and then bring a suit of ejectment if they were not disposed to leave ]>eaccably. A case of this kind occurred in the vicinity of Bone's Mill alx>ut 182o. The pioneer had erected a comfortable cabin and had cleared ten acres, and with his hoe had cultivated a crop of corn. A s]>eculator, learning that the land hail not been entered, went to the land-office at Zanesville and purchased it. Returning, he informed the occupant that the land was his and peremptorily commanded him to leave. There was a strong bond of unitv existing between the early sett lei's, and their isolated positions made them feel strongly their dependence upon one another and they would protect each other in any emergency. On learning of the action taken by the speculator they hastily collected together, and harvested his crop, which they took to a place of safety. They then placed the rails in piles and put some combustible matter in the cabin and set fire to both rails and cabin, then started the report that they had been struck by lightning.

Matthew Wilson was one of the prominent characters in the early history of Bristol ; he came in the spring of 1822. He was a soldier of the Revolution and participated in the battles of Germantown, Brandywine, Monmouth and many other decisive engagements of that sanguinary struggle. After the war he entered the service of the state of Pennsylvania as an Indian scout, and was thus employed for seven years. For a long time he carried the mail from Pittsburgh to Presque Isle (Erie), when the entire distance was a dense wilderness. After he had become incapacitated by age the state of Pennsylvania gave him a pension of thirtysix dollars a year, and the general government also made him a pensioner, paving him ninety-six dollars per year. It is said that he would live upon his pension from the state and use his pension from the general government for the relief of his impecunious neighbors, many of whom would have lost their homes had it not been for his timely aid. lie was universally esteemed for his kindness of heart. He died in 1844, aged eightynine years.

James and Archie McCollum were early settlers on the southeast quarter of section twenty-eight. They were Scotchmen and came to the county previous to 1819, as their names are recorded in the poll-book of the first election held on the 24th of July, 1819.

bv Robt. Evans. He welded the log chains of his neighbors, sharpened their plowshares, shod the horses of those who were fortunate enough to have them, and received his compensation in chopping, log-rolling, or other farm work.

Jared Andrews was one of the early settlers on Mann's Fork. He was a Yankee, and a very benevolent and eccentric man. On one occasion one of his neighbors, a poor man by the name of Atwell, was dangerously ill, and some of his friends thought it best to hold a prayer-meeting at his house. One of them in passing Mr. Andrews' home, invited him to go. His response to the invitation was, "Neighbors, I can't leave hum to-night, but if you will take it I'll send some prayers."

On receiving an affirmative answer he went to the house and brought out a large ham and a pillow-case of flour, which they took with them. His response to a salutation was invariably this : " I am not so well as I was yesterday, but much better than I was the day before."

Lemen Fouts was from Brook County, Virginia, and the pioneer on the Cotton farm. He was a very agile and muscular man, and no complement of men at a log-rolling or raising was considered complete without him. His son, Lemen, Jr., became one of the most prominent citizens of the county. He was colonel of the 1st Regiment Ohio militia, and afterwards served his fellow-citizens as Probate Judge.

One of the prominent pioneer families was that of John D. Parmiter. He came from Hancock County, Maine, with his family, which consisted of h*^ wife and six children. The entire journey was made with a one-horse wagon. He had intended to settle on the Scioto, but learning that it was an unhealthy locality he changed his intention. He settled in the south part of Bristol. He was prominent in the early affairs of the township and died in Bristol at an advanced age.

William Rowland came from Pennsylvania in 1816, and entered three hundred and twenty acres on sections four and five. But little is now known of his history further than that he was unmarried. But although he was not the head of a family, his coming brought quite an accession to the township's population, as with him came his brothers and their families, numbering thirteen in all. Robert Rowland married Esther Hiatt, daughter of Ezekiel Ilyett, of Brooke County, Virginia. The Rowlands were men of unsj)otted reputation. Their honesty became proverbial.

George Herring was also a Pennsylvanian. He settled on the northeast quarter of section nine. He was a frontiersman in every sense of the term. He built his cabin on the east side of the creek and for many years devoted himself to hunting and trapping, and it is said that he paid for his lands from the products of his hunting expeditions.

John Carlin came to Bristol in 1817, and settled on section five, where he purchased one hundred and sixtv-four acres of land, on which he resided until his decease, which occurred in 1835.

Simon Merwin was a pioneer of 1819. He was a native of Arlington, Vt., where he was born in 1783. In 1810 he came to Zanesville. From there he went to Marietta, and from there to Bristol. He was prominent in early affairs. For twelve years he was a magistrate and for a long time a deacon in the Baptist Church. He had a full share of pioneer experiences. On his arrival in the township he built a cabin of bark, in which he lived until the erection of a log house, like other pioneers. He went to Zanesville to mill with an ox team, following a blazed trail. He died in 1865. His wife, nee Miss Pliebe Napier, was born in Hudson, N. Y., in 1784; died in 1864.

John Ryan was one of the early pioneers of Ohio. He was born in York County, Pa., in 1782. When seventeen years of age he came to Belmont County, whence he emigrated to Bristol in 1837. He married Miss Gerretta Mercer in 1827. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1795, and died in 1867; her husband in 1869. A son, Jesse Ryan, is one of the prominent farmers of the county, and resides in Bloom Township.

In the fall of 1819 Isaac Whitehouse settled at the head of Bear Run, on sixty -eight acres of unimproved land, which he had purchased of Thomas McGraw, one of the pioneers in this part of the township. He was then a young man and unmarried. He had served his country in the war of 1812, and his military experience had fitted him for pioneer life in the wilds of Bristol. He was a native of Augusta, Maine, and a cooper by trade. He followed his vocation for a livelihood for many years. He married Miss Nancy, daughter of Thomas McGraw, and reared a family of three children - Robert, Eliza A. and Maria J. Robert was born on the old place May 31, 1821, and has been a resident of the township all his life. He married Miss Sarah Parmiter, daughter of John D.

Hi8Tory Of Morgan County, Ohio

Parmiter, one of the pioneers of the , now Mrs. Reese; Barkhurst, Mrs. Sarah township. She was born in 1822. Three Argo; Mrs. Nancy Grey, John A., children were the result of this union - William D., David II. and Mrs. Elzenia Isaac, John and Israel. Isaac is a mer- E. Hardesty. John A. was born in chant in the village of New Bristol. Bristol in 1881, and moved to Malta in George Henderson was from Brooke , September of 1871. He married Miss County, Va., and first settled in Meigs- Lucinda Kinsey, of Belmont County, in ville Township about 1824, where he 18.57.

entered eighty acres of land, which he Robert Cunningham was born in Lanimproved and upon which he lived until caster County, Pa., in 1791). In 1828 1835, when he removed to Bristol and he married Miss Sarah A. Cheffey. She purchased the farm upon which he now was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, resides. He married, in 1828, MissCath- about 1804. Soon after their marriage erine Henderson. She was born in they emigrated to Brooke County, W. Pennsylvania in 1805; he in Virginia Va., where John A., William, and David 1803. Eight children have been born were born, the former in 1825, the latter to them, six of whom are living. The ( in 1829, William in 1827. In 1882 the name of Henderson is one familiar in j family came to Morgan County and Muskingum County. The parents of | settled in the township of Bristol. Mr. Mrs. Henderson were among the early Cunningham's purchase was on the settlers there. Mr. Henderson is a typ- southwest quarter of section 21, and ical pioneer, hardy, resolute and indus- i consisted of eighty acres of unimproved trious. He is now in the winter of his j land. On this farm he resided until his old age, and can take a retrospect with- decease, which occurred in 1868. out any misgivings. Contemporaneous with the settlement

David Mercer was from Belmont j of Mr. Cunningham was that of his County, and one of the early settlers of ( brother-in-law, Jesse Cheffey, and his Bristol Township. He settled on the family. He entered a farm adjoining farm now owned by James Easlicli in that of Mr. Cunningham on the west. 1826. He was a blacksmith and gun- The pioneer lives of these families were smith. He was the auger- and sickle- replete with hardships. At times they maker of the county, and for years sup- , were quite disheartened, and had it not plied the county people with these im- been for their impecunious condition, plements, some of which are still in use. would undoubtedly have left the He married Miss Betsy Smith in Bel- country; but by indomitable persemont County. Her father, Alexander verance they became masters of the sit- Smith, was also a pioneer. He was uation. The hills were improved and a very religious man, and in the early brought abundant crops; and with the days the meetings were held at his advancement of the township came house. He died in Bristol at an ad- those perquisites that rendered life vanced age. pleasant and agreeable. Of the sons of

David Mercer died at the age of Mr. Cunningham, three became residents eighty-three on the place where he first of the township. William died on the settled. He was a man highly respected, old farm in 1879. David is a resident and left a family of children: Mary, of Noble County. John A., the eldest

Bristol

Samuel Roberts came to Morgan County from Loudoun County, about 1827. II is lirst settlement was in Muskingum County. lie remained there, however, but a short time, when he made a permanent location in the northeast quarter of the township of Bristol. He was the original settler upon this farm, on which he resided until his death, which took place in 1871. He brought into the country a family of nine children. Ephraim and John are the only sons now residing in the township. Ephraim married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel McCune, one of the early settles of Bloom Township.

Joseph Devereaux was from New England, but emigrated to Morgan from Washington County, lie was one of the pioneers and for many years kept a tavern on the Bamesville road on what is now the Cotton farm. His house was the rendezvous for the militia of the county, and the general musters were there held.

James Beatty came from Pennsylvania in 1888 with his family of seven children - five Ikjvs and two girls. He located on the northeast quarter of section fi. He died in 1888.

Wilkes Bozman came from Baltimore County, Md., in November of 1819, and settled upon the farm now owned bv David Mercer. He brought with him a family of six children, his wife having died in Maryland. The names of the children were Edward, John, Frances, Ruth, Elizabeth and William. He died in McConnelsville in 1882.

Edmund Murduck, a native of the state of New York, came to the southern part of this township and settled | near Muttonburg in 1824. He was a carpenter by trade and it is said that he build the first fanning-mill ever used in Morgan County. He was an energetic i business man and a successful farmer. He died of cholera in Louisville, Ky., in 1882. He married Miss Lvdia Murphy and reared a family of three children - Jackson C., Martin V. and William T. Jack&on C. is a fanner in Malta Township; Martin V. is deceased, and William T. is a prominent farmer of Sullivan County, Ind.

The Chambers family are traditionally descended from the 44 Bruce, one of the conspicuous names in Scottish annals. Alexander Chambers, the progenitor of the family in this country, was born in Ireland and came to America in 1798 with his family consisting of his wife and five children - William, John, Alexander, Mary and Margaret. They i first located near Mt. Pleasant, Ohio, where they remained until 1812, when they removed to Belmont County, where the elder Chambers died in 1861 and where Thomas Y. Cham tars was born May 9, 1 888. Alexander, the youngest of the three sons of Alexander, Sr.,

| was born in 1 785, and came to Morgan County in 1884 and settled on the farm now owned by his nephew, Thomas V. He died in Meigsville Township in 1878,

| aged seventy-six. William, the elder of the three boys, had four sons - William, Robert E., Alexander and Thomas Y. Rol>ert E., or Judge Chambers, as he was familiarly known, was born in Belmont County, and became one of its most prominent citizens. Of the daughters of William - Jane, Mary A., Margaret and Rachel - all are deceased excepting Jane. Thomas V. came to Bristol in 1866, and has identified himself with the best interests of the township. He has been for nineteen years one of its magistrates, and for many years has been its clerk. He married Miss Lydia Piper, of Belmont County, and to them have been born six children - Robert V., George P., Willie A., Theresa B., Laura W. and Leah J., who died in infancy.

In 1884 George Henderson moved with his family from Washington County, Pa., to Bristol Township, settling on a farm which he had purchased of Alexander Martin, where he resided the rest of his life. lie was a successful fanner and a prominent citizen. He held several township offices and served as township treasurer several terms. He was a Presbyterian in religion and was the founder of the Bristol Presbyterian Church, in which he served as ruling elder. He died in 1855 at the age of seventy -three. His wife died some years later at the age of ninetyone. Her maiden name was Mary Glenn, and she was born in Washington County, Pa. They brought to Ohio a family of two daughters and six sons - Allie (Mahan), deceased; Jane (Richey), Muskingum County ; William, George J., Nathaniel G., Robert, John and Jacob. Nathaniel died in 1845, aged twenty-one ; William in 1851, aged thirty-two. George J., John and Jacob reside in Bristol Township and Robert in Kansas.

George J. Henderson, ex-Countv Commissioner, was born in Washington County, Pa., March 8, 1822, and came to Ohio with his parents. He received a common-school education, and has followed farming, living on his present farm since 1846. He entered the service of the United States in August, 1862, as captain of Company C, 122d O. V. I. ne took an active part in raising this company, and served as its captain until discharged on a surgeon's certificate of disability in February, 1864. He is a leading and influential citizen, and has served twelve years as county commissioner, four years as township trustee and three years as township assessor. Capt. Henderson is a republican in politics, and a member of the Presbyterian Church. He was married in October, 1845, to Catherine Fouts, daughter of Absalom Fouts, of Bristol Township, and has four children living, one deceased: Nancy J. (Wilson), Mary (Hammond), John A., Allie F. (Cunningham), living; Wm. Isaac, deceased.

William Hempfield was a sailor. About 1815 he was pressed into the English service. In Nova Scotia he deserted, and from New York to Marietta he worked his passage. From Marietta he came to Bristol, and in 1816 entered from the Government a tract of land, which he improved. He was quite prominent in the early history of Bristol and his name is frequently mentioned in the initial events of the township. He died in Bristol in 1880.

Matthew Scott came from Washington County, Pa., about 1840. His coming brought quite an accession to the township population, as with him came his family of wife and nine children. His son, William Scott, now occupies the original homestead. Matthew Scott was a successful farmer and a kind neighbor. He died in Bristol in 1877, aged seventy -three years. Mrs. Scott was a native of Washington County, Pa. Her maiden name was Sarah Glover. She died in 1848. Of

William II. Cool was born in Wash- j ington County, Pa., December 24, 1813. He learned the trade of a blacksmith, | and in early life removed to Brooke County, W. Ya. Here he became a river trader, plying his vocation on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers from Wellsburg, Ya., as far south as New Orleans. Upon his last trip, in 1845, misfortune overtook him and he lost much of the hard earnings of former years. Upon his return he abandoned the river and came to Morgan County and entered the employ of Elijah Stephens. In 1847 they formed a copartnership for the purpose of general merchandising, in which business he continued either in company with others or alone for over thirty-live years. He was the postmaster at Bristol from 1847 to his decease in 1882. February 25, 1840, he married Mi§s Nancy, daughter of Rev. Samuel Adams. Mr. Cool was a successful business man, and by his kind and courteous deportment endeared himself to a large circle of friends.

Joseph McDonald was born at a place known as Robinson's Run, ten miles from Pittsburgh, Pa., April 21, 1821. His parents, Joseph and Margaret (Forsyth) McDonald, were of Irish birth and came to this country on the same vessel in 1801. They were married in Pennsylvania and reaml a family of ten children. In 1830 they came to Muskingum County, Ohio, settling in Blue Rock Township, where they both died, the father in 1871, in his ninety-seventh year, the mother in her eightysixth year. Both were very reputable people and worthy members of the 1 Presbyterian. Church. Joseph, Jr., was | reared on the farm of his father, and received a limited education froir the subscription schools of that period. His father came to the country a poor man and settled on a new farm, and the experiences of his youth no doubt fitted him for the work that came to him in after years. After attaining his majority his first employment was in clearing and fencing land at six dollars per acre. When not thus engaged he labored as a farm hand at thirty-seven cents per day. In this way he learned habits of industry and the practice of the most rigid economy. At the age of twenty-three he married Miss Mary Reed, a native of Washington County, Pa. In 1858 he came to Bristol and bought the farm where he now resides, of Zachariah Lawrence, the first settler. He has reared a family of nine children and is classed among the most successful of Morgan County farmers. He is a Presbyterian and a democrat.

John McDonald, while not an early settler, was one of the prominent farmer's of the township. He was a Pennsylvanian, and in an early day his family emigrated to Muskingum County, whence he removed to Bristol in 1847. Here he resided until his decease in 1880. He married Miss Sarah, daughter of William Fordyce, one of the pioneers of the county.

William J. Shook was born in Bristol, February 26, 1840. December 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, 78th O.V. I. He was wounded in the battle of Shiloh, and was detailed as an ambulance driver, and was in every battle in which the division was engaged during the war. lie was at the siege of Vicksburg; with "Sherman to the sea;" in the battles of Champion Ilills, Lookout M ou n t a i n , A t la n t a. Fort I )on el son ,

John Augustus C. Leland was horn in Northumberland County, Virginia, in 1826. He was the son of Baldwin Leland, a well-to-do cotton planter and slaveholder. At the age of seven years he was left an orphan by the death of his father, his mother, a French lady, having died when he was a babe. At the age of ten he left Virginia with a brother-in-law, Peter P. Cox, who settled in Guernsey County, Ohio. He was reared, however, bv Mrs. Elijah Stevens, a sister, and with them came to Morgan County. His education in books was confined to the inferior district schools of that day; but in that other school in which the teachers are observation and experience, he has been an apt pupil. For three years he was engaged in the store of Mr. Stevens, at Bristol, and upon attaining his majority was married to Miss Huldah, daughter of David Stevens, the pioneer of the township. Shortly after his marriage he bought a new farm of seventy acres and commenced life as a farmer. In 1867 Mrs. Leland died, having borne him five children, three girls and two boys. In 1871 he was again married to Miss Sarah 1)., daughter of Richard Jenkins, the pioneer in the section of the township in which he settled.

Zachariah Peddicord was born in Brooke County, West Virginia, and came to Morgan County with his father, Dorsey Peddicord, in 1 83 1 . The elder Peddicord settled on the farm where his son Zachariah now resides. He resided upon this place until his decease, which occurred in 1853. at the age of seventy-six. He was the father 1 of eleven children, by two marriages. Zachariah married Miss Laura E., daughter of Thomas Murphy, who came to Bristol from Loudon County, j Virginia, about 1820. He settled near where Mount Zion Church now is. He ] married a sister of Archie McCollum,

John Hardesty was born in Muskingum County in 1811, and has been a resident of the county for over a quarter of a century. He first engaged in | merchandising in Roland and thence came to Bristol in 1883, where he now ! resides.

^ James Harper, one of the substantial i farmers and prominent men of Bristol Township in his day, came from Belmont County in 1845 and settled in Bristol. He brought with him a family of ten children, four boys and six girls. He was a farmer and stockdealer, and a thorough and energetic I business man, and is still remembered I as one of the foremost citizens of the township at the time in which he lived | there. lie died in Bristol. After his death John J.,the eldest son, succeeded to the management of his fathers affairs. He was twice married; first, ! to Miss Rebecca Lawrence; his second wife was Miss Sophia Davis. By this second union there were five children, three boys and two girls - James W., John R., George, Mary R. and Lydia. John R., the present sheriff of the county, was born in Monroe County in 1841b James W. was born in Belmont County, O., in 1847. and is n prosperous farmer in Homer Township. He married, in 1872, Miss Esther M. Heston - three children. The boys are self-made , men, and but few stand higher in pub-

John King was bom in Penn Township in 1837 ; he was the son of Abel King, llis grandfather, Michael King, was one of the first settlers of Penn Township. August 27, 1831, he was mustered into the service of his country as a member of Company F, 33th Regiment, O. V. I. He served during the entire war with the company in which he enlisted. His regiment did efficient service, and for a year was in West Virginia, moving thence to old Virginia, where they were engaged in the second battle of Mannassas, also the battles of South Mountain and Antietam. They then returned to West Virginia, and shortly after were attached to the Army of the Cumber- i land. After the battle of Chickamauga, they re-enlisted as veterans, and again they were transferred to West Virginia, going thence to the Shenandoah Valley, where . under Gen. Sheridan they fought the battles of Winchester and Lynchburg. Mr. King was mustered out Septeml>er 3, 1834. He is now one of the prominent fanners of the township.

William Phillips was born in Cadiz J Township, Harrison County, Ohio, June 2o, 1818. While an infant he met with an irreparable loss in the death of his father, and at an early age was thrown ii]H)n his own resources. He was reared in Harrison County, and started in life as a shoemaker, to which trade he had been apprenticed. He followed this vocation for ten years, and in 1837 came to Morgan County, Ohio, and settled in Meigsville Township, where he purchased a small farm, upon which he resided six years, when he disposed of his property and went West. The

Western country proving uncongenial, he returned to Morgan County and purchased a farm in Bristol Township, where he has resided for a quarter of a century. By his thrift and energy he has accumulated a comfortable comj>etency, and has built up a reputation among his neighbors and friends that is worthy of emulation. In 1838 he was married to Miss Polly Brothers, of Harrison County, Ohio, where she was born in 1822. They have been blessed with a family of seven children: Johh, William, Alexander, Ella, James, Charles F. and Mary J.

Initial Events

It is extremely difficult at this time to obtain a just conception of the trials, inconveniences and hardships of the first settlers of Bristol. Remote as they were from villages and frequently without money, they were placed in many trying positions; but they were fertile in exjiedients and many were possessed of much inventive genius, and means were always devised to attain their desires. Wagons were almost unknown, and if they had h*ld them they would have been useless, as there were no roads on which they could be used. Some of the first wagons were made by the settlers without the assistance of a wagonmaker; the wheels were sawed from a log of suitable size, and destitute of hub or tire. Some of the later settlers brought wagons with them, and these were loaned around among the neighbors. Some had carts, and frequently two neighbors would const met a wagon by using the wheels of their carts. A pioneer harness would now be a rare curiosity. The breast and tongue chains were made of hickory withes.

the traces of rawhide or elm bark; the collars were of cornhusks, sewed with j splits of oak. In another chapter will : be found a vivid description of the I life of the pioneers, and the above is merely given to illustrate some of the 1 expedients to which they were obliged to resort and the economy they were compelled to practice. Ginseng, maple sugar and deerskins were for a time the only articles that would command money. Wheat was packed on horses and taken to Zanesville, where it was marketed at about twenty -five cents a bushel. This was the price of that commodity in 1805. In 1804, however, from some cause it brought two dollars per bushel.

Hogs ran wild in the woods and in the fall they fattened upon mast, and were hunted the same as any other wild game. For lack of conveniences for dressing they were either skinned or the hair burned off by placing them on a log fire.

. The first settlers of Bristol were not deprived of |>ostal facilities. As early as 1808 David Stevens was appointed postmaster of Meigsville Township,

/ which then embraced all of what is now Bristol. This was the first office, and he the first postmaster of which we have any knowledge in Morgan County. There was a post-route established between Marietta and Zanesville previous to the year 1798. In that year Daniel Converse, then a young | man twenty-one years of age, carried | the mail on this route nearly the entire distance on horseback. At this time the country between Zanesville and Marietta was a dense wilderness and infested with hostile Indians. On one occasion Converse was pursued by the j savages, and when near the mouth of i

Olive Green Creek, which he was obliged tp cross, he had a very narrow escape. A large, flat log had been placed across the creek for the benefit of foot passengers, but the ford was located one mile farther up the creek.

The Indians were in full chase, and elated with their prospective victory, they made the hills resound with their yells. But young Converse was a boy of rare presence of mind and fertile in resources, and without a moment's deliberation he came to the conclusion that his only alternative was to ride his horse across the log, for if he rode to the ford and back the savages would there intercept him. It was a daring trip, but one which the Indians had not anticipated and dared not undertake. His horse seemed to comprehend the situation fully, and carried his young master safely across, and thus saved his life.

About the first thing to receive the serious attention of the early settlers was the question of roads. They usually found their way to their new homes by trails or blazed bridle-paths, but they saw the necessity of a more convenient thoroughfare for the transportation of the products of the farms. The first road in the township was the Marietta and Zanesville road, a return of which was made July 8, 1808. It was for years a post-route.

One of the earliest routes of travel was the so-called Federal Trail, said to have been made by a portion of Gen. St. Clair's army, who were unable to obtain boats for transportation to Fort Washington. The trail commenced at Grave Creek, on the Ohio River, and running westward crossed Dye's Fork of Meigs ('reek at Ken rock, then divided, one branch crossing Bristol Town- ship through Sandhollow and passing through the northeast corner of Bloom, and thence into Muskingum County, crossing the Muskingum River at Gaysj)ort.

What is now known as the Baroesville road was one of the earliest and most important roads in the township. It was Ordered about 1820. It is not the purpose of the writer to give a detailed account of road-making in Bristol. New roads are constantly being suggested and old ones taken up. They have always been a knotty problem for Bristol people. The character of the soil and the hills render the building of good roads an exceedingly difficult task.

Mills then, as now, were prime necessities, and the pioneers were frequently obliged to go many miles, through an almost trackless wilderness, carrying their grist upon a horse. If the mill was located upon a small stream and the water was low, or if, as was frequently the case, there were many others there before them, they had sometimes to wait several days before their turn came. The pioneers of Bristol were obliged to go to Zanesville to get their grinding done, for several years. There was frequently in the neighborhood someone who had a handmill, but using it was a very slow and tedious process, and but little in advance of that more primitive way of reducing the grain to flour - that of burning a hollow place iu a stump and beating it with a pestle attached to a spring-pole. About 1 S1G a log mill was built on Boal's Fork by Philip Moore, which he operated for several years. About 1825 he built a new mill of hewed logs, and also a sawmill. Job Kennison had a hand-mill for grinding corn, which was frequently used by the settlers. Alex. Mutchmore had a horsemill on the Cotton farm, lie also had a distillery at the same place.

Elijah Stevens, of Zanesville, states that what was known as the "Cobb's Mill" was the first in the vicinity, and that he ground corn in 1810, and that in the following year, 1811, Taylor's mill was built at the forks of Meigs Creek.

Mr. Stevens is also authority for the statement that Miss Mary Wilson, daughter of Deacon Wilson, of Waterford, taught a school at the house of Stanton Fordyee in the year 1812, and that in 1814* Thomas Sawyer taught a school in the township. One of the first schools in Bristol was taught by a Yankee bv the name of Samuel Sliattuck, in a rude log cabin previously occupied by some squatter or hunter. It was located in what is now district number two. The floor was of puncheons, and a hole in the logs four feet high by two feet in width was the only place of admittance, which was closed, when necessity required, by a puncheon set up endwise. The light was admitted through greased paper. A huge fireplace eight feet in width warmed the house in winter. In the center of this primitive schoolhouse sat the teacher during school hours upon a seat made from the end of a log. lie was armed with a long whip, with which he could reach any refractory pupil in the room without getting up. The seats and desks were made of slabs. The latter were retained in their places by wooden pins driven into the logs. Among the pupils who attended this pioneer school were David L. Jenkins, Lovit Bishop, Mary A. Jenkins, Austin Prouty, Acus and Phineas Allen, llar- rison Stephens and Saphronia Prouty. The only brandies taught were reading, writing and arithmetic*. One of the early teachers was a fellow by the name of Berry, a generous and liberal ( ') man, who on certain occasions would treat his pupils to whisky to stimulate them in the performance of their duty.

The first marriage license was issued by Levi Barber, July 12, 1S1U. The contracting parties were John McKee, of Guernsey County, and Miss Rachel DeLong. The ceremony was performed by 'Squire Stevens.

The first couple married in Bristol after the organization of the county was William Burris and Charlotte West. The license was issued by Samuel A. Barker, December 27, 1810.

The first tavern was kept bv David Stevens in lsnS, at the place where Dye's Fork of Meigs Creek crosses the Zanesville and Marietta road. Mr. Stevens was a genial host and served his guests with venison, bear meat and wild turkey.

The early settlers of Bristol evinced a decided taste for military affairs, and in all the general musters they took a prominent part. These general musters were looked forward to with a great deal of interest, probably for the reason that they afforded the people a little relaxation and gave them an opportunity of seeing people from all parts of the county and thus gathering all the news. For many years these musters were held on the farm of Joseph Devereaux, on the Barnesville road, in the western part of the township. Judge Gaylord, in his "Reminiscences of the County," thus describes the first muster :