Dinsmore Township (part 3 of 6)

son of Herman H. and Mary C. Horstmann, was born Oct. 4, 1827, and raised a farmer. In 1857 he married Mary Ann, daughter or Frank II. Schlarman and his wife, Mary C. She was born in 1834. Their children are, Herman II. and Josephine.

son of Dennis and A. Hickey, was born Jan. 25, 1826, in Ireland, and was raised on the farm. In 1855 he married Catharine, daughter of James and Bridget Fitzgibbons. She was born in 1826. He has been school director. He settled on section 2 in 1866. He assisted to build the C. C. and C. Railroad in 1850. He owns 160 acres of well-improved land.

was born Aug. 1 1, A. D. 1826, near Pleasant Hill, Miami County, O., and spent his boyhood days in the cares of farm life. He is the son of Elder George Inman, who was one of the pioneers of Miami County, O., having emigrated from South Carolina in 1814. He purchased section 14, in Newton Township, Miami County, and retained his original title up to the day of his death, which occurred December 14, 1880. . Dr. B. G. Inman received an early and liberal education, his father desiring him to enter the ministry (of which he was himself a prominent member of the Miami Christian Conference). The Doctor, however, choosing the medical profession, early began the study of the same under the instruction and guidance of Dr. Simmons, who was strictly allopathic in his views. The Doctor feeling a desire to widen the Held of medical literature and research, accordingly entered the eclectic school of Philadelphia, and graduated'with the highest honors of said school in 1851, and from that date has proved himself an efficient physician and close student, having canvassed nearly all the text-books of the different schools, viz., allopathic, hydropathic, homoeopathic, physomedical, and eclectic. He has one among the best chosen libraries of the State. The Doctor is temperate in his habits, liberal in his views, genteel in his manners, Republican in politics, Protestant in religion, and fluent as a public speaker. Doctor Inman was married to Melissa Thuston in 1854. 'lhe result of this union is three sons and five (laughters, all ot whom are still liv ing. Di. Inman is permanently located at Berlin, Ohio, having moved from Pleasant Hill, Ohio, Jan. 25, 1881, and from which date has received a liberal share of patronage.

son of Philip and Mary Knuver, was born in the county, September 25, 184 i, and is a farmer and stock-raiser. In November, 1870, lie married Catharine, daughter of Peter and Elizabeth Bender. 1 <eir c n i ten are Henry, Mary, Catharine, and Garrett.

son of Joseph and Mary J. Kenner, was born in Ohio, and raised as a miller. On May 22, 1867, he married Caroline, daughter of Bernard and Mary A. Mayer. The parents of both families settled here in 1838-39. Their children are Joseph B., John H , Mary A., and May E. He has been assessor, constable, and trustee. He enlisted August 16, 1862, in the 99th 0. V. I., Company H, under Capt. Wyman, and was discharged March 11, 1863.

son of Herman H. and Annie M. Klocker, was born May 1, 1850, and raised a farmer. On May 6, 1875, he married Mary E., daughter of J. B. Rottinghaus; she was born March 11, 1851. Their children are Annie, Elizabeth, and John H. Herman H. Klocker (his father) enlisted August 2, 186^, in the 106th 0. V. I., Company D, and was discharged May 15, 1865.

son of John Lowman, was born January 1, 1835, and settled in this county in 1841. He served his time as a harness- maker. In 1857, he married Caroline, daughter of Frank and Dennis Leesing; she was born in 1840. Their children are Henry, John, Joseph, Frank, William, Charles, Mary, and Catharine. He has been pike superintendent. John Lowman, his brother, served in the Mexican war. John Leesing served three years in the late war, and also John Withering.

son of Herman and Margaret Leisner, was born in 1825, and raised a farmer. April 30, 1857, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Bernard Myer, who settled here in 1833 ; she was born in 1823. Their children are Elizabeth, Rosie, and Agnes. He has been school director and supervisor.

son of Lucas Meyer, was born November 15, 1847, and raised a farmer. He has been twice married. His first wife was Mary Case. His second wife was Annie Romie, daughter of Martin and Louisa Romie. They were married October 19, 1880. His parents settled here in 1836.

son of Bernard and Mary Meyer, was born August 20, 1841, and raised a farmer and stock-raiser. Aug. 20, 1869, he was married to Mary, daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth Vintie; she was born July 3, 1850. Their children are Henry, Bernard, Joseph, and Frank. Bernard Meyer enlisted in 1863 for nine months.

son of Joseph and Elizabeth Meyer, was born in 1845, and was raised a farmer. In 1879 he married Catharine; daughter of Benjamin and Jane Hightman; she was born in 1861. They have one child, named Joseph.

son of Bernard and Mary Otteng, was born December 25, 1814, and raised a farmer. In 1857 he married Mary Elizabeth, daughter of H. H. Resonbeck and Anne M. his wife; she was born October 27, 1824. Her parents settled here in 1843. Their children are Dena, Mary, Anna, Elizabeth, Catharine, Agnes, and Henry. He has filled the offices of school director and church trustee.

son of Frank and Mary E. Otteng, was born July 11, 1846, and raised a farmer. In 1876 he married Mary, daughter of Henry and Francis Naber. Their children are Mary E., Frank H., and Anne M.

son of Peter and Elizabeth Powell, was born February, 1829, in Holland, and raised a farmer, and afterwards hotel-keeper. In 1860 he married Mary E., daughter of John and Mary Q. Stern. She was born May, 1842. Their children are John, Benjamin, Anne, Margaret, and Julia. Benard Powell served in the 58th Ohio Volunteers, and died at Mt. City General Hospital. Julian Powell served in the 58th Ohio Volunteers, and died in the hospital in Arkansas. Isaac Powell owns 108 acres of land.

son of Henry and Mary Popperman, was born October, 1845, and raised a farmer. In May, 1871, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Henry and Mary Dressman, who was born in April, 1853. Their children are Mary, Joseph, Anna, and Catharine. He has been supervisor. Henry enlisted in the 118th O. V. I. April 15, 1863, and was discharged May 10, 1865.

son of Herman M. and Catharine Prenger, was born May 18, 1835. and raised a farmer. On May 18, 1858, he was married to Agnes, daughter of John II. and Mary A. Albers; she was born December 8, 1840. Their children are John N., Clemance A., Mary E., Joseph, Tracey, Bernard, Antony, Elizabeth, and Catharine. He has filled the office of school director and supervisor.

son of John B. and Annie M. Piening, was bora April 22, 1843, and raised on a farm. May 13, 1865, he married Sophia, daughter of Christopher Bernhold and Angela his wife. Sophia was born in 1839. He filled the office of supervisor and school director. Enlisted in the war of 1861 in the 181st Regiment, Company A., O. V. I., and was discharged in 1865.

son of Garrot H. and Elizabeth Pelster, was born November 6, 1825, and raised as a farmer. In 1867 he married Catharine, daughter of H. and Maria Lange'; she was born in 1839. Their children are Alenia, Mary, Henry, Elizabeth, Joseph, Bernard, and Catharine. He served three years in the German army.

son of H. H. nnd Mary A. Quartman, was born September 28, 1831, and learned the blacksmith business. In 1854 he married Mary A., daughter of John Wesling and his wife Elizabeth. Mary A. was born November 1, 1834. He has filled the office of township trustee. James Quartman enlisted in 1862 in Company C, and discharged in 1865; and Bernard Drees in 1863 in the 118th 0. V. I., Company E, and discharged in 1865.

is the son of H. H. and Mary A. Quartman, bora April 15, 1825, and keeps a grdeery store and restaurant. In 1849 he married Margaret, daughter of Joseph Wenting and Anna his wife; she was born November 20, 1831. They settled here in 1831. He has held the office of township treasurer. James Quartman and John Dreese, his halfbrother, served in the Indiana Cavalry, Company H. Enlisted in 1861, and were discharged in 1865.

son of Tobias, born November 11, 1814, and Mary Roop, born March 8, 1822, was born February 9, 1842, and is a farmer and stock-raiser. On October 5, 1880, he married Melissa, daughter of James and Elizabeth Goodall, who was born February 18, 1857. His great-grandfather, John Cremell, was in the Revolutionary War.

son of Henry and Christine Schlater, was born December, 1840, and is a farmer. In 1866 he married Mary, daughter of Joseph and Clara Holscher, who was bora May 21, 1845. He has been township trustee. He enlisted in 1862 in the 118th O. V. I., Company C, and was discharged in 1865.

son of John J. and Margaret Smith, was born August 28, 1854, and is a farmer. On November 3, 1878, he married Jane, daughter of Anthony and Margaret Schuler, who was born in 1848. Their children are Henry B. and John J. His father served three years and nine months in the German army.

son of John H. and Christena Schlater, was born October 7, 1835, and was a farmer. His father settled here in 1835. On November 24, 1857, he married Tracia, daughter of Henry Holthaus and Anna Mary his wife. The daughter was born in 1838. Their children are Bernard, Mary, Elizabeth, John H., Mary A., and Annie.

son of Joseph and Annie Sherman, was born April 13, 1826. He is a farmer. In October, 1858, he married his wife Barbara, and they have had the following children: Joseph, Catharine, John, Jonisia, Jacob, Elizabeth, Andrew, Priscilla, Frederick, and Andrew. lie served one year in the German army.

son of John H. and Godretta Smithmyer, was born in 1822, and is a farmer. In 1859 he married Catharine, daughter of Arnold P. Leehtran and Margaretta M. his wife. The daughter was born March, 1839. Their children are Herman O., Frank, and Mary. He has been supervisor and school director.

son of J. H. and Catharine Rottinghaus, was born November 12, 1812, and raised a farmer. On January 9, 1842, he married Elizabeth Unterbrink, daughter of Henry Unterbrink, who was born June 7, 1822. Their children are Elizabeth, Matilda, Anna, and John William. He has tilled the office of justice of the peace for eighteen years, and township clerk. He was the first settler on section 5. He settled in this county in 1832; the Indians had just left, and were at Fort Wayne.

son of John F. and Elizabeth Rottinghaus, was born in 1843. In 1868 he was married to Agnes, daughter of Bernard and Mary A. Wiggernars, of Minster, Ohio. Their children are Rose, Emma, J. C., and John F. Mr. R. has a grocery and provision store in Berlin, and is doing a good business; also a small farm in the township. By industry and economy he is now worth over fifteen thousand dollars. He has filled the office of justice of the peace eight years.

son of Christopher and Mary Schulze, was born in 1814, in Hanover, and is a farmer. In 1835 he married Mary A. Adeldarp, born in 1816. Their children are Elizabeth, Francis, Josephine, John Henry, and Leander. He has been assessor and school teacher for twenty years. When he settled in 1837 he had to go for his flour either to Sidney or Piqua, and there were only three cabins in Berlin.

son of George and Elizabeth Short, was born in Shelby County October 11, 1841. He was married January 17, 1867, to Mary E., daughter of Jonathan Swallow. His wife was born January 14, 1844. He enlisted in August 22, 1862, in the 118th Regiment, Company C, O. V. I., and was discharged January 24, 1865. His children are named Frank, John C., Anne B., Charles, and Mary.

son of Henry and Elizabeth Strieker, was born November, 1831, and is a farmer. On November 1, 1854, he married Mary, daughter of Herman H. Boudwin and Caroline his wife. Elizabeth was born in 1840. Their children are Martin, Elizabeth, Henry, Bernard, John, Catharine, Mary, Anthony, and Godvolk. He has been supervisor and school director.

was born May, 1804, raised a farmer, and, on November 16, 1844, married Wilhelmina, daughter of Oliver and Mary Diers. She was born May 28, 1S22. Their children are Anna W., Frank H., Henry, Mary, John, Elizabeth, Francis, and Frederick.

son of John F. and Mary C. Sommers, was born September 25, 1840, and raised a farmer. On June 23, 1864, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph and Mary A Gary veils, who was born August 15, 1844. Their children are Mary A., Mary C., Josephine, Anthony, Beuedicia, Josephine, John F., and Lewis F. He was supervisor. Henry Recton served three years, and returned a veteran.

son of Joseph C. and Elizabeth Sommers, was born December 4, 1843, raised a farmer, and, on June 11, 1867, married Josephine, daughter of Bernard and Elizabeth Nagel. She was born in German}' in 1848. Their children are Rosa, Bernard W., William, Charles, and George. He held the office of supervisor.

son of Henry and Anna Sommers, was born October 11, 1841, and raised a farmer and stock-raiser. On February 25, 1866, he married Phillimenia, daughter of John H. and Phillimenia Schillmiller. She was born in 1841. He was supervisor, and his father was one of the first settlers on section 3.

is the son of J. B. n. and Maria Raterman, who came from Hanover to this township in the year 1834 and settled the land now owned by their son. Mr. Raterman died Sept. 23, 1873, while Mrs. Raterman survived him until June 16, 1874, when she too laid down the burden of life. Their son Joseph was born in this township Sept. 1, 1850, and has all his life been engaged in farming, to which pursuit he recently added that of a grain dealer, and to this end has erected a warehouse at the village of Berlin. Here he is one of the most enterprising citizens. He is now one of the trustees of the township, and has also served as justice of the peace. On the 4th of May, 1875, he married Maria Meier, who was born in this township Sept. 29, 1857. Four children are the fruits of this union, named respectively Henry (dec'd), Rosie, Tillie, and Charlie (dec'd).

son of William and Elizabeth Shermau, was born Sept. 19. 1827. They came to this county in 1836. He was raised a farmer. In 1852 he married Dinna, daughter of Anthony and Elizabeth Barhorst. She was born in 1836. Their children are, Hosea, Louisa, Bernard, Joseph, Annie, Sophie, Mary, Catharine, Dinna, and Johannie. Has been supervisor and township trustee.

son of John W. and Elizabeth Sherman, was born October 22, 1816, and brought up a farmer. His first wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Antony and Elizabeth Grear; his second wife was Mary, daughter of John B. and Elizabeth Rotinhouer. Their children are, Joseph A., Catharine, Mary E., John B., Mary C., John H., Mary J., Mary M., Henry F. Has been supervisor four years, and township trustee six years.

son of John W. and Elizabeth Sherman, who settled in this county in 1835. He was born March 27, 1819, and raised a farmer. In 1845 he married Catharine, daughter of Francis and Mary C. Ernstes. She was born October 17, 1826. Has filled the office of justice of the peace nine years ; also, clerk, assessor, and land appraiser.

son of Jacob and Mary Ullerman, was born in 1849, brought up a boot and shoemaker. On May 9, 1876, he married his first wife, Caroline, and after her decease, in due time, his second wife, Margaret. Their children are, John Peter, Joseph George, and William Jacob. George Ullerman enlisted in 1861, and served three years and three months.

son of John H. and Elizabeth Yondrell, was born in 1834 and learned the trade of a carriage maker. In 1860 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Herman F. Klane and Bernedine his wife, who came to live in this county in 1837.

son of IL H. Vocke and Elizabeth his wife, born October 20, 1854, and brought up as a farmer. On May 20, 1880, he married Mary, daughter of John Stegerraann. She was born Feb. 19, 1859. He filled the offices of supervisor and school teacher.

son of Thomas and Elizabeth Walkup, who settled here in 1835, was born March 2, 1831, in Ireland, and was brought up a farmer. On April 3, 1856, he married Mary, daughter of Isaac and Jane Edwards. She was born Nov. 27, 1834. Their children are, Thomas, Joseph, William, Margaret, Nancy, and John. He has held the offices of justice of the peace, trustee, and county commissioner. Thomas Edwards, his wife's grandfather, served through the Revolutionary war and that of 1812, and died in his ninety-fourth year. Thomas Walkup (John's brother), through the war of 1861. Thomas Edwards, his wife's brother, three years, and became a veteran, and died at the hospital of Chattanooga. Newton Edwards from April, 1861. He was first lieutenant of Company E, 40th Ohio Yolunteer Infantry, and was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga. Jacob Edwards also enlisted April, 1861, and was in the service until lie was taken prisoner and confined in the Andersonville prison five months, lie was then released, started for home, and was lost on the steamer Sultana.

son of John D. and Gerdrata Wachsmuth, was born March, 1823, in Germany. He was a farmer. In 1853 he married Mary Timmans, daughter of H. H. and Mary A. Timmans. Their children are, Elizabeth, Sophie, and Henry. Has filled the offices of school director and supervisor.

was the son of Ferdinand and Elizabeth Watterkutter, and was born July 17, 1841. His parents settled in Shelby County in 1830. On Nov. 27, 1867, he married Caroline, daughter of Henry and Catharine Lomau, who was born in 1851. Their children are, Frank, Elizabeth, Henry, Mary, and Josephine. His father settled section 20 in 1 830, and was the first settler on that section, where he lived until his death, Feb. 29, 1876.

son of John Antoney, was born in Auglaize County in 1840, and married Tracey, daughter of John Schwartz, in 1867. She was born in 1850. Their children are, John, Tracey, Elizabeth, and Emma. He enlisted in 1861 in the 118th Regiment, Company C.

is one o£ the west tier of townships in the county. It is bounded on the north by McLean, on the east by Turtle Creek, on the south by Loramie, and on the west by Darke County. It is oblong in form, being eight miles east and west, and four miles north and south, containing thirtytwo sections.

The drainage is to the south. Loramie Creek crosses nearly central from north to south. It has as its tributaries from the west Buffalo Run, Lawrence Creek, and Salt Lick. The Miami and Erie Canal also crosses the township close to and parallel with the Loramie. Its water flows north. Great and South Panther Creeks empty into it from the east.

The soil throughout a great portion of the township is clay, and in some parts rather thin, while in other sections, particularly along the streams, it is sandy or a black alluvian. Some excellent beds of gravel are found here, which are being used for road purposes.

Originally the township belonged to Loramie, but was detached in 1822. The following is the record of the metes and bounds as given by the commissioners' journal of that year: Beginning at the west line of the county between townships 10 and 11, range 4 east; thence east to the west line of Turtle Creek Township; thence north to the county line ; thence west to the northwest corner of the county; thence south to the place of beginning.

The first settlement made within the present limits of the township was made in the year 1815. There were three families known to have been located here that 'year, but which one came first we cannot learn. These three were Thomas Butt, John Wise, and Conrad Pouches, and their families. These were soon followed by Leonard and Tobias Danner, Zachariah Hurley, Samuel and Benjamin Leighty, Henry Hershaw, Jacob Seerfauss, John and Alexander Miller, and perhaps a few others. The following is a complete list of those known to be here in 1824: Thomas Butt, John Barker, Leonard and Tobias Danner, John Gates, C. Stoker, William Hicks, George Harman, Zachariah Hurley, William Jerome, Charles Lovell, Benjamin and Samuel Leighty, George Moyer, John and Alexander Miller, Conrad Pouches, Jacob Seerfauss, Jacob, John, and Andrew Wise, Robert Steen, John Border, Robert Chambers, and J. Shagley.

It will be remembered that the township at this time embraced all the territory within the county that lay north of the present limits of Cynthian Township.

The first frame house was built bj' Josias Reaser, but was sold to and occupied by Cyrus Reese. This whs within the present site of Newport. The first brick house was built by George Butt. The first sawmill was erected by Conrad Pouches. The first tannery was by Stephen Blanchard. The first blacksmith was William Mills.

The following is as complete a record of the township officers from its organization to the present time as can be gotten from the records in existence, giving names and date of election : -

This town was located on the west half of northeast quarter of section 30, town. 10, range 5 east, and was surveyed June 4, 1839, for Richard Short, proprietor. The lots were each four by ten rods, except fractions. Main Street was four rods wide, and occupied the Piqua and St. Mary's road line, bearing north 13° east; North, Elm, and South Streets each two rods wide, and run at right angles to Main Street. The alleys were each one rod wide. The plat contained twenty lots. Was certified January 4, acknowledged January 5, and recorded January 7, 1839.

is situated on the Miami and Erie Canal in section 30. It was surveyed and platted in 1839 by Jonathan Counts for Nicholas Wynant, after whom the post-office is named. The village contains about 350 inhabitants. The first dwelling erected was used as a hotel by Cyrus Reese, on the lot now occupied by Dr. B. F. Foust. The second house was by Cyrus Reese, for a grocery. The first store was owned by the Pilliod Bros., the first shoe-shop by C. Belt. The first blacksmith was John Link. The first steam saw and grist mill by E. Pilliod.

The town at the present time has two general stores, one hotel, three saloons, one grain warehouse, one flax mill, one .blacksmith shop, one cabinet shop, two churches, one school-house, anti three physicians.

This town was laid out for Haes & Hagamein and Alexander Miller September 14, 1819, and was located at the Loramie crossing in section 30, town. 10, range 5 east, and was on the farm now owned by Henry Sweigart, just south of Newport. Although the town was platted, surveyed, and recorded, and a number of lots sold, it never arose to the distinction of a town or village. In 18-5 William Mills bought the lands adjacent to it, ami shortly afterward bought the lots and attached them to his farm, since which time the old town ofCynthian has become extinct, except in name.

The town was located in northwest quarter of section 18, town. 10, range 5 east, and was laid out by Herman Mier. Lot fi5 was donated to the citizens for the purpose of erecting a church for the use of all religious denominations. Main Street was run north at a variation of 5° west of magnetic bearing, and at right angles to the south line of aforesaid qunrter section. All other courses givpn at same variation. All other streets and alleys are either parallel with or at right angles to Main Street. Main and Canal Streets are each four rods wide. Basin, Water, and East Streets are each two rods wide. All alleys and South Lane each one rod wide. All lots four by eight rods, except fractions. Main Street occupied Piqua and Saint Mary's road. The plat shows 65 lots, was certified February 14, acknowledged the 15th, and recorded the 20th, 1839.

The nucleus of the M. E. Church of Newport was a Sabbath-school started in 1872 through the efforts of Dr. Reaner, Mrs. Henry Sweigart and daughter. Mrs. Sweigart had been reared in the Methodist Church. When she first came to Newport in the fall of 1870 she found no Protestant society or Sabbath-school of any kind. She determined that she would at least make an effort to start a Sabbath-school. Through the effort of her daughter they secured from the directors of the school the use of the school-house. Accordingly on the following Sabbath eight persons met together and organized, with Dr. Reaner as superintendent. The following Sabbath there were thirty present, which in a short time increased to one hundred and thirty. Among these there were a number from Catholic families. They determined to have a Sabbath-school celebration on the 4th of July following. This celebration proved a success, and was one of the largest ever held in the county. Two Methodist ministers, by the names of Rauch and Long, hearing of the demonstration, attended it, and seeing the interest taken in the community, they offered to come and preach for the people, if they would find them a preaching place. Mr. Sweigart told them he would fix seats in his door yard, which he did, and the following Sabbath Mr. Long preached for them under the shelter of shade trees in Mr. Sweigart 's door-} aid. Again the little Sweigart girl came to their relief. She a second time went to the school directors for the use of the house. Two of the members of the board were Catholics. They afterward said that the girl had pleaded so earnestly and pleasantly that they could not refuse her. The first steps taken for the erection of a church were in the fall of 1872. A subscription was started. The Rev. Rauch, who was preaching for them, offered to give the half of his salary toward the new church. In the spring of 1873 they commenced its erection. It was completed and dedicated in September, 1873. It was dedicated by the Rev. Wesley G. Waters. The structure is of brick, and is 34 by 48 feet, at a cost of $2200.

The members who constituted the first class were Dr. Reaner and wife, Mrs. II. Sweigart, Catharine and Emma Sweigart. There is a present membership of forty. The following pastors have been over the congregation : Reuben Rauch, in 1872; I*. P. Pope, in 1873; Win. Dunlap, 1874 and 1875; J. R. Colgan, 1876 ; J. Armand. 1877; B. W. Day, 1878; - Oldfield, 1879 ; D. B. Rbinehart, 1880 to 1882 ; George Mathers, 1883.

was organized in 1833 by Caleb Worley at the home of Samuel Penrod. The first members were Samuel Penrod aud wife, Isaac Short and wife, Isaac Mann, George Butt and wife, and Samuel Butt and wife. The meetings for a number of years were held in a log school-house and in private houses. In 1851 they built a frame church on Panther Run, at what is now known as Orin P. O. This church is still used as a place of worship. The ministers who have been over the congregation were Caleb Worley, James Fahnestock, John B. Robertson, Haliet Barber, Snow Richardson, J. T. Hunt, Asbury Watkins, Matthew Jones, and Albert Long. The society at the present time consists of about one hundred members. There is a Sabbath-school connected with the society which is kept up during the summer season.

The first meeting held by this denomination in Cynthian was in 1848, the time when John Hollinger came to the township. They held their services in private houses and in the Christian Church for a number of years. In 1865 there were a number of other brethren moved in, and the following year (1866) they erected a church, which was dedicated by Elder Sand Mohler, of Covington, Ohio, that same year. The society was known as The North Branch of the Covington Society until 1877, when they were formed into a congregation by themselves and elected their own minister. Jacob Hollinger was elected to fill the office of minister, which he has fillbd since that time. He also fills the office of Bishop of Loramie District. The present membership of the society is about seventy-five.

This institution was established in 1881 by O. 0. Mathers, of Sidney, and is supplied with one set of machinery, employing ten workmen. During the first year of operation about four hundred tons of straw were handled and worked up in the manufacture of green tow. The building is frame, 80 by 40 feet, and one story in height. The engine-room is constructed of brick. The mill is operated in connection with the Sidney Flax Mill, also owned and operated by Mr. Mathers, the president of the Sidney Agricultural Company.

The Blanchards are of French extraction ; they came to America early in the seventeenth century and settled in Andover, Mass. We would be glad to trace this family in a chronological manner down to the present, but we are compelled to skip several generations and come down to the eighteenth century, to the person of Stephen Blanchard, the grandfather of the Shelby County Blanchards. The date of his birth we cannot learn, but we know that he was at the battle of Bunker Hill. He was married to Lucy Adams. They had a son Stephen, who was the father of Eliphalet. He was born in New Hampshire in the year 1784. He married Christiana Penny in 1807 (whose father also was at the battle of Bunker Hill). She was born in the State of Maine in 1788. They emigrated to Ohio in 1818 and located in Butler County, where they remained until 1823, when they moved to Warren County, lived there until 1832, when they came to Shelby County and located in Loramie Township, remaining there until 1837, when he bought some wild land in Cynthian Township and moved on to it. The family at this time consisted of Christian, Eliphalet, Lucy, Sarah, Rachel, and John. Two of the older children (Abigail and Stephen) had married and left home. Mr. Blanchard died Nov. 1856. His wife died Feb. 1873. Eliphalet, the third son, was born in Butler County in 1821 ; came with his parents to Shelby County in 1832. He was reared on the farm and educated in the primitive schools of his day. He was the main help of his father in clearing his farm, and did not have the advantage of schools that the children of the present day have. In 1846 he married Miss Mary J. Penrod, a daughter of Samuel and Rachel (Chambers) Penrod. By this union the}' had born to them four children, viz., Almira, born Jan. 25, 1847; Rachel, born Nov. 16, 1855; Ira, born April 8, 1859, and John, born Oct. 10, 1862. Mr. Blanchard is now the owner of the old homestead, beside other lands he has since purchased, making in all some 280 acres in section 33. He is one of the most theoretical as well as practical farmers in the county. He makes agriculture a study, and believes that whatever is worth doing at all, is worth doing well ; as a result, success has crowned his efforts.

The Cromers, as far back as we can learn of them, are from Kentucky. Abraham Cromer, with his family, came from Kentucky to Miami Co., Ohio, some time prior to the war of 1812. He served as a soldier in that war, and was one of the party who found and cared for Dilbone and Girard at their massacre by Indians in 1813. He died near this place. His wife, Hannah Cromer, died about 1876, aged ninety-eight years. Elnathan, a son of the above, was borin in Kentucky in the year 1808, was brought by his parents to Miami County when a small child, and has lived there from that time to the present. He married Sarah Cavault in 1832. They raised a family of nine children.

Harrison Cromer, of this township, was bora in Miami County in 1834. He is the eldest son of Elnathan Cromer. He is a farmer, and has made that his business through life. In 1856 he married Phebe A. Gaskill, of Miami County. They have seven children, viz., Laura P., William II., Thomas H., Mary A., Elnathan E., John M., and Anna M. In 1868 he bought a farm in this township, to which he moved his family. His farm is among the best improved ones of the township. He has erected upon it fine buildings and improvements, all of which have been made by his own industry, never having inherited anything.

was born in the State of New Jersey in the year 1800. His parents were from England. They came to Ohio in 1802, before it became a State, and settled in Greene County. He lived here to grow up to manhood. In 1821 he married Hannah Clark. She died in 1822, leaving no children. In 1824 he married Susan T. Dorsey, with whom he had two chileren ; both died. She died in 1828. In 1832 he married Mary Raines. By this marriage there were nine children born. His third wife died in 1847. In 1848 he married Catharine Brenner. With-her he lived until 1870, when she died. In 1874 he married his fifth wife, Mrs. Nancy McLellen, widow of James McLellen and daughter of Frederick Christman. Mr. Hughs made his first settlement in Shelby County in 1822 with his first wife, but after her death he left the county and did not return until 1846.

was born in the State of Pennsylvania in the year 1800. His father had died when he was quite young. About the year 1812 his mother, with her family, emigrated to Montgomery County, Ohio. Here, as a boy, he took some part in the struggle of the war of 1812. At the age of 22 years he married Miss Rachel Chambers, of the same county. With empty but willing hands they commenced the battle of life together. The first start Mr. P. got was by taking contracts and working on the canal near Miamisburg. With the money he saved he came to the wilds of Cynthian Township and entered land. In the year 1832 he brought his family and settled on a piece of land he afterward bought in section 29, where he lived until the time of his death in 1 879. They reared a family of seven children. Mrs. Penrod died in 1867. These children are ail still living in the count}-, except William C., who died from the effects of wounds received at the battie of Murfreesborough. When Mr. Penrod's family first came to the township there were no religious meetings in the neighborhood. Mrs. Penrod spent her first Sabbath in the woods shedding tears because she had no place to attend worship. The men in the neighborhood took their rifles and went hunting on the Sabbath instead of meeting for worship. Mr. Penrod felt that the good of the community demanded that they should spend the Sabbath in a more sacred way than by hunting and sporting. Accordingly on Monday morning he interviewed some of his neighbors with regard to holding prayer meetings on the Sabbath day. To this they all agreed. Accordingly they met at the home of John Gearhart the following Sabbath. From this beginning, meetings for worship have been held in that neighborhood ever since. They had no minister to preach to them ; Mr. Penrod would talk to the people by way of exhortation. He soon began to preach, and was in 1837 regularly ordained as a minister in the Christian Church. He filled the office of a minister from that time to the time of his death, and when he passed away he died with an assurance of an immortal life.

The Cyphers are of German extraction, but we can only trace them back to Maryland. John Cyphers, the grandfather of the above, came to Ohio before the war of 1812, and served as a soldier in that struggle ; also in the Mexican war. He died in Shelby County in 1872. Philip Cyphers, his son, and father of George, came to Shelby County in 1857, and is at present a resident of Orange Township. George was born in Montgomery County in 1846, and married Mary Dunn, a daughter of John and Susannah (Rasor) Dunn, in 1870. They have three children, Lenta D., Carrie K., and Addie T. Mrs. Cyphers' parents were among the early settlers of Shelby County. They were located in Orange Township, where they both died.

Henry F. Turner, the father of Francis, was born in Hanover in the year 1805, and married Mary M. Nelker in 1841. They came to the United States the same year, and located in Delaware County, Ohio. He was a farmer by occupation. In 1853 they removed to Shelby County, where he died in 1858. His widow still survives. She was born in 1803. They had born to them two children, Elizabeth and Francis. The latter was born in Delaware County in 1844. In 1865 he married Miss Mary A. Goffena, a daughter of Peter and Anna (Smith) Goffena. They have reared a family of six children, viz., Peter F., Mary E., Mary A., Frances N., Tracy M., and Caroline M. In 1867 Esquire Turner bought a farm in this township, where he now resides. He has served as trustee of his township, and at the present time is justice of the peace.

The Wileys are of Irish descent, but the first that we learn of them was in Pennsylvania, where Hugh Wiley, the grandfather, was born, and served as a soldier in the Revolutionary War. He married and reared a family of five children. Hugh, the second, one of his sons, was born in Pennsylvania in 1777, and married Isabella McKee about 1807. Their family consisted of three children. They emigrated to Harrison County, Ohio, in 1812, and remained thereuntil 1818, when they removed to Perry Count}-, where he spent the remainder of his days. He died in 1855. His wife died the same year. Hugh Wiley, third, his only son, was born in Pennsylvania in 1812. He received a liberal education, having studied the languages. He followed teaching for a number of years, but made farming his principal business. In 1857 he married Rebecca Baird, a daughter of Alexander and Rebecca (Huston) Baird. By this union they have five children, viz., Martha A , James A., John T., Joseph \V., and Hannah R. The ancestors of Mrs. Wiley are from Ireland. Her mother was born in Ireland. They located in Perry County, Ohio, in 1806, and remained there until they died. Her father was born in Pennsylvania in 1797, and died in 1881. Her mother died in 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Wiley settled in Cynthian in 1866.

Tannis Pequignot, the father of Andrew, was bom in France in 1787. When a young man he was drafted into the Napoleonic army and served seven years as a private soldier. He was wounded in battle. He was with Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. After his return home from the army he married Frances Grizza, about 1813. They reared a family of five children. They emigrated to the United States in 1831 and first located in Stark County, Ohio, lived there three years, then removed to Darke County, where he died in 1876. His wife died in 1861. Andrew, his son, was born in France in 1825, lived with his parents until twenty-one years of age. In 1818 he married Mary Maldena, who also was born in France. In 1857 they moved on to a piece of wild land in this township. When he settled on his laud there was not a stick cut. They moved into their cabin without a roof. Although there had been settlements made in the township years before he came, yet this part of the township was an unbroken forest with plenty of wild deer and other game. They have reared a family of six children, whose names are as follows: John, Josephine, Andrew, Frank, August, and Alice.

David Dunlap, Sr., was born in Ireland in 1780. When twenty years of age he came to the United States to seek a home. He located in Lancaster County, Pa. Here he married Mary Sharp in 1807. They lived on a farm as laborers and continued as laborers on the same farm as long as they lived. One of his sons succeeded him as a tenant and resides there at the present time, so that some of the family have resided as tenants on this farm for over seventy years. The father died in 1 8155. His wife died in 1863. David Dudley, Jr, a son of the above, was born in Pennsylvania in 1821. In 1849 he married Mary A. Lemon, of Lancaster, Pa., and the same year came to Montgomery County, Ohio, where he lived one year, then came to a wild piece of land in this township. Here he built himself a hewed log house, and commenced his present home. There were born to him by this marriage three children, viz., Jacob D., Mary C.,and William W., both sons now dead. His wife died in 1861. In 1866 he married for iiis second wife Elizabeth Wolf. By this marriage there was one child, Emma E. His second wife died in 1878. Death lias visited his home not less than six different times. He has buried from his house two wives, two sons, a brother, and his mother-in-law. Although his past has been clouded by aflliction, may his future be bright with the sunshine of hope.

James M. Pilliod, the head of the family, who came to the United States, was born in France in 1787. He was one of two brothers, and was early educated for the priesthood, but as he was about to enter upon his duties as a priest, he learned that his brother had been drafted into the army of Napoleon. Believing it to be his duty to take the place of his brother, who was the only support of his widowed mother, he determined to sacrifice his own personal ambition and pleasure, and serve his country in his brother's stead. The clergy tried to persuade him against this, and offered to furnish a substitute to fill his brother's place. He replied to them : "I love Napoleon, I love France, and I will go myself." He accordingly entered the army as a quartermaster of a dragoon regiment, in which capacity he served for seven long years. He was frequently offered promotions in other regiments, but he declined, preferring to remain with his own regiment and boys. He was with his beloved commander in his defeat at Waterloo. lie was wounded seven times in battle, once severely in the neck, and once in the abdomen, so that his bowels protruded, but with all this he lived to get home again, after giving seven years of his life to his country. He was discharged in 1814. After returning home he followed teaching school for several years. He was crippled iu one arm, so that he could not perform manual labor. In 1815 he married Mary Bony, a daughter of the mayor of his town. After several years he applied to the government for a pension for wounds received in the army, but on account of his love for Napoleon and his former government, Louis Philippe would not grant it. After several years of effort in trying to get his rights as a citizen of France, and failing, he became disgusted with the government, and determined to leave his native land and come to the United States. Accordingly, in 1827 he, with his wife and six children, set sail for the "land of equal rights." They landed in New York, and immediately came on to Stark County, Ohio, where they remained until 1836, when they removed to this county, and located in McLean Township. They lived there until 1 r 58, when they came to Newport. Mr. Pilliod was one of the large landholders of the county, owning at one time over 4000 acres of land in Shelby, Darke, and Mercer counties. They had born to them three children after they came to the United States, making in all nine, all of whom became men and women. The seven lirst-boru were sons, the last two daughters.

After fifty-two years of married life, this aged couple, together with their seven sons and two daughters, had a reunion in the city of Toledo, where they were represented by four generations. Father Pilliod departed this life April i, 1877. His wife died April 26, 1873.

Eugene Pilliod, Esq., was the sixth son of the above. He was born in France in 1826, and was therefore but a few months old when brought to this country. He was reared on the farm, but gave much of his time in earlier life to mechanical pursuits. He built and sold the first threshing machine built in the county. This was about 1844 or 1845. In 184t he, together with his brother Frank, erected the first store and warehouse in Newport, and commenced the buying and shipping of grain and country produce. They also had the first store for the sale of general merchandise. In 1848 he started the first steam engine attached to a sawmill in the county. To this in 1857 he attached a grist mill. In 1858 lie married Elizabeth Schwartz. By this union they have had eleven children, five of whom are living, viz., Francis, James M., Anna, John G., and Clara F. Esquire Pilliod has spent much of his life as a contractor and builder, but the past few years he has lived a retired life. He filled the office of justice of the peace for his township for a number of years.

Victor Pilliod, the eldest son of James M. Pilliod, was born in France in 1816. He received a liberal education in the town of Canton, Ohio. When a young man he entered a dry goods store, and clerked for some length of time. Here he formed the acquaintance and married Mary F. Marshall in 1837. His first business for himself was as a dry goods merchant in the town of Minster, which he followed a short time, then engaged in the boot and shoe trade, also in the grocery trade, in the town of Berlin. Next we find him a farmer in Darke County. From there in 1848 lie returned to Newport and carried on the shoe business until 1852. At this time he lost his wife, leaving him with eight children. In 1855 he married Josephine King. At this time he was living on a farm near Newport. In 1861 his second wife died. In 1862 he moved to the State of Indiana, but returned to Shelby County in 1867. In 1872 he married the widow of John Gigandot, deceased.

Francis Pilliod, a son of Victor Pilliod, was born in Darke County in 1841. He lived with his parents until 1861, when he entered the army in the 40th 0. V. I., and served a little over three years. He was engaged in forty-two battles and skirmishes, and was twice wounded. After the war lie engaged in the carpenter ami contracting business, which, together with merchandising, lie has devoted iiis time to the present. In 1872 he married Mary F. Mougey. By this union they have three children, Charles E., Albert E., Esther A. He is at the present time selling goods in Newport, and is treasurer of the township.

The Galleys are of German descent, but came to America during the eighteenth century. They located in the State of Maryland. Jacob Galley was born here in 1800. He married Lydia Derr about 1 827. He was a millwright by trade, which occupation he followed through life. Their family consisted of twelve children, only five of whom are now living. They immigrated to Shelby County in ls45,and located in Loramie Township. In 1852 he was killed by being thrown from a wa^on. His wife died in 1862. '

James Galley, the second son of the above, was born in Frederick County, Md., in 1830, consequently was fifteen years of age at the time they came to the county, in 1851 he married Mary A. Finfrock, a daughter of Peter and Barbary (Palmer) Finfrock. After marriage lie rented land until 1866, when he bought his present home in Cyntliian. Upon this home he has erected good buildings, and has a well-improved farm, all mado by industry and economy. They have reared three children, viz., Emma A., John P., and Melinda E. The latter died in 1882.

was born in Darke County, Ohio, in 1840. He is a son of Vincent G. and Lydia Brandon, of Versailles, Ohio. In 1861 he enlisted as a private in Company E, 40th O. V. I., and was promoted to sergeant. He was with his regiment all through its service of three years, except three months while sick in the hospital. In 1864, soon after returning from the army, he married Margaret Weaver. They have born to them seven children, Alonzo A., Orwell D., Ida J., Jennie A., Stephen G., Manly A., and Mary B. In 1879 Mr. Brandon came to Newport and engaged in the cabinet business, at which he is engaged at the present time, He also is clerk of his township.

was born in Pennsylvania in 1838. Came with his parents to Ohio in 1847. His father, John Hollinger, was born in Pennsylvania in the year 1800. He married Mary Bear. They reared a family of nine children. They located in Cynthian in 1848. Jacob was the youngest son. He married Rachel Short, a daughter of Isaac and Mary (Vandegrif ) Short. They have five children: Mary E., Martha, George W., Samuel, apd Catharine E. Mr. II. is now the owner of the Isaac Short homestead in section 16.

was horn in Darke County, Ohio, in 1844. Married Miss Catharine Flowers in 1862. Their family consists of seven children, viz., Jacob, David, Mary E., George F., Ktuna J., Laura, and Sarah. Mr. Swob came to Shelby County in 1863.

was born in Warren County, Ohio, in 1825. Frederick Chrisman, his father, was born in Maryland in 1783. Married Elizabeth Cyster in 1810. They came to Cynthian in 1833, and located in section 27. They reared a family of nine children. Mr. C. died in 1853. Mrs. C. died in 1874. William H. married Ann Gillespie in 1849. The number of their children is six, ns follows: James G., William G., Garret, Catharine, Daniel W., and Elliott H.

William Mills, one of the pioneers of Cynthian Township, was born in New Jersey in 1790. In 1810 he married Elizabeth Clark, who was born the same year as that of her husband. In 1822 they emigrated to Warren County, Ohio, where they remained about three years. Then, in 1825, they settled in this township on the farm now owned by Henry Sweigart at Newport. On this farm was started the old town of Cynthian, which has long since become extinct. Mr. and Mrs. Mills had born to them seven children. His wife died in 1831. He shortly afterward married Joanna Flinn. By this union there was oue child born. Mr. Mills died Feb. 8, 1873.

was born in the year 1815. Came to Shelby County in 1825. In 1839 he married Elizabeth Geeseman. By this marriage there were six children born, viz., Augustus, Rebecca, Nicholas W., Marcus W., Margaret J., and Sarah. Mrs. Mills died in 1861. In 1863 he married Martha J. Pern', the widow of Nathan L. Perry, of Miami County. By this marriage there was one child born, John H. Mr. Mills died in 1881, alter having spent fifty-six years in this township.

The Emerts are, no doubt, of German descent, but we can only trace them back to Berks County, Pa. It was here that we find Martin Emert, the grandfather of Jonathan F., who died about the beginning of the present century. His family consisted of seven children. Benjamin, one of the seven, was born in Berks County in 1795. Married Mary M. Metard in 183(1. She was born in Maryland in 1808. They reared a family of three children, George M., Benjamin, and Jonathan F. Mr. Emert came to Montgomery County about 1806. It was here that he married and lived until 1840, when he moved to Shelby County. He died in 1856. His wife died in 1882.

Jonathan F., the youngest of the above family, was born in 1844. Married Elmira Blanchard in 1866. They have born to them five children, viz., George I., Eliphalet B., Martin A., John A., and Frederick J. In September, 1861, Mr. Emert enlisted in the Benton Cadets, was discharged with his regiment in February, 1862. Re-enlisted in September, 1862, in Company B, 50th O. V'. 1., and was discharged at the close of the war in 1865. Iiis place of residence is on section 33.

The ancestors of the Fulkersons are from Holland and England, but who they were, or when they came, we cannot learn. The first we know of them was in the person of Joseph Farling Fulkerson, the father of the above. He was born in New Jersey in the year 1796. When a young man he went to Pennsylvania. It was here, in the year 1822, that he married Margaret A. Messiuger. They resided in Easton, l'a. About the year 1826 they removed to the city of New York, where Dr. Fulkerson was born in 1828. In 1839 they emigrated to Monroe County, Ohio. From there they removed to Crawford County, Ohio, where he died in 1875. His wife died at the same place in 1874. They reared a family of nine children. Dr. G. W. was the fourth of the children. He lived with his parents until he had arrived at his majority, at which time he commenced the study of medicine under Dr. Joel Johnston, of Bucyrus. He remained there but a short time, when he and his preceptor went to Bellefontaine, and engaged in the drug trade until 1855, when they dissolved partnership, and Dr. Fulkerson went to Pleasant Hill, Ohio, and associated himself with Dr. Cable in the practice of medicine. In 1857 he married Elizabeth Nishwitz, of West Milton, Miami County, and the same year came to Newport, Shelby County, Ohio. He took his medical course, and graduated at the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati in 1859. He has been for a number of years a member of the Eclectic Medical Society of Ohio. His wife died in 1858. In 1876 he married Miss Maggie Mills, a daughter of D. C. Mills, one of the pioneers of Cynthian Township. Mrs. Fulkerson was born near Newport in 1852. By this union 'they have two children, John Medaris, born 1878, and Waiter Roy, born 1880. The doctor is engaged in the drug trade in connection with the practice of medicine, at which he has been engaged for the past twenty-five years. He has been one of the leading spirits in starting and building up the M. E. Church of his town. Although not a member of the church at the time of its erection, he was made one of the trustees and building committee. He has given much of his time and means to the public interests of his town and township.

John Schwartz (the father of the above) was born in Germany in 1803. Came to the United States in 1829, and located in Pennsylvania. He was the only one bf the family or name that ever came to America. In 1831 he married Marinh Rhorer, and immediately came to Ohio, and located in Dayton, where he remained a couple of years, then removed to Piqua. Here he engaged in hotel-keeping, which he followed about twenty-two years. In 1855 he bought land in Cynthiah, where his son Samuel now lives. They raised a family of seven children, viz., Samuel, Elizabeth, Mariah, Daniel, Lydia, Tracey, and Frances. Mr. Schwartz died in 1872. His widow still survives, and makes her home on the old home place. Samuel, the eldest of the family, was born in Piqua in the year 1838. He made his home with his parents during his minority. In 1861 he entered the army under Gen. Fremont in the Benton Cadets; served until they disbanded. In 1862 he re-enlisted in the 118th 0. V. I., was made orderly sergeant of Company C, and served until the close of the war; never was off duty during his service. In an engagement at Resaca every commissioned officer of his company was either killed or wounded, and the command of the company fell upon him for some length of time. In 18^7 he married Elizabeth Mormann, a daughter of Benjamin Mormann. By this union they have four children, viz., Frank T., Tracey C., Samuel A , and James M. Mr. S. is now the owner of the old homestead of his father, containing 190 acres. He 'has been honored by his township electing him to fill the offices of township trustee, clerk, constable, and land appraiser.

The Killians are of German extraction, but it was several generations back when they came to this country. The first we know of them was in Pennsylvania^ It was here that Jacob Killian was born in 1813. In 1829 he came to Stark County, Ohio. He married Cassannah Dellinger in 1832, and came to Shelby County in 1852. They had born to them eleven children, six of whom are now living. Mr. Killian died in 1873.

Daniel Killian, son of the above, was born in Stark County in the year 1846. He lived with his parents until his majority, and afterwards learned the blacksmith trade, which he has followed until the present time. In 1870 he married Miss Rachel Crossley, a daughter of Joseph and Joanna ( Davis) Crossley, of Allen County, Ohio. By this union they have two children, Lilly M. and Ira D. In 1877 they located in Newport, where he carries on a smith shop.

The Crossleys, the parents of Mrs. Killian, were pioneers of Allen County. They were the first settlers on the land now occupied by Lima. Mr. Crossley was a brickmaker. He made the first brick and built the first brick house in the town of Lima.

was born in Pennsylvania in the year 1803, and was brought by his parents to Montgomery Count}', Ohio, in 1806. In 1826 he married Ann M. Dota. They came to Cynthian Township in March, 1832. He died in 1871. Ilis wife died in 1854. John Taylor, his father, was born in Pennsylvania in 1778, and married Rosanna Alexander in 1801. Three years later (1806) they found a home in Montgomery County, Ohio, and built the first frame house in Washington Township. He died in 1843.

a- son of William Taylor, was born in Montgomery County in 1830, and married Rachel Hughs, a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Raines) Hughs, in 1857. Their family of children were nine in number, as follows: Ann M., Alexander, Margaret J., Ocea A., Lucinda D., Mary A., Willie, Clara, V., and Addie L.

Richard Short, the eldest one of the name who came to Shelby County, was born in Virginia. He came to Montgomery County in 1830, and from there to Shelby County in 1833. He died in 1846. George, his son, was born in Virginia in 1811. He came with his father to Shelby in 1833. and married Elizabeth Clayton in 1835. Their family consisted of six children, Mary, William, Ann, Elizabeth, John, and Harriet. Mrs. Short died in 1876.

Isaac Short, Esq., was born in Virginia in 1804, and married Mary Vandegrif in 1827. In 1830 they moved to Montgomery County, Ohio, remaining there until the spring of 1833, when they came to Shelby County. They reared a family of ten children, viz., Susannah, John, Christopher, George, Isaac N., Rachel, A. Jason, Martha, Richard, and William. Mr. Short was one of the prominent men of his township

He served for many years as justice of the peace, and filled other official positions in his township. He died in 1873. His widow still survives and makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Hollinger, who resides on the old homestead.

Allison J Short, a son of Isaac Short, was born in Cynthian Township in 1841. He married Sarah E. Butt, a daughter of George and Lucinda (Mann) Butt, in the year 1862. Their family of children are as follows: Thomas N., Martha A., Allie G., and William J.

deceased, was born in France in 1836. He was a son of Francis Marshall. Just when he came to the United Stales we cannot learn, but he settled in this township in 1853. In 1864 Joseph married Philomenn Spraley, who was born in Germany in 1844. John Spraley, her father, came from Germany to the United States in 1847, and made their settlement in this township the same year. Mr.and Mrs. Marshall, after their marriage, engaged in the hotel and saloon business in Newport, which he followed during the remainder of his life. He died in 1881. During the rebellion he served as a soldier in Company C., 118th 0. V. I. He was wounded at the battle of Mossy Creek, Tenn., and was discharged from the service on account of his wounds in 1864. His wounds never healed, and he died from their effects. The year 1881 was a sorrowful year to Mrs. Marshall; she buried her husband, father, and mother all the same year. She was left alone with three small children. Since the death of her husband she has carried on the business of the hotel and saloon, as did her husband in his lifetime.

A petition was presented to the Commissioners at their session in March, 1825, for the formation of a new township under the name of Grayson. The township was formed from parts of Loramie, Clinton, and Turtle Creek. An election was ordered to be held at the house of Joseph Stewart the April following, for the purpose of electing officers, but owing to an appeal being taken from the decision of the Commissioners to the Court of Common Pleas, the election was not held until the September following.

The township was named Grayson by Col. Jesse Wilson, in honor of the county in which he was born, in the State of Virginia, but retained this name but a short time, when it was changed to that of Washington. It is one of the southern tiers of townships, and borders on Miami County, and has an area of about twenty -five square miles. Its surface is undulating, but not broken, except along the streams. The soil generally is of a rich clay loam and gravel, except in a portion of the northern part, where clay predomi nates, and the soil is rather thin, but with good cultivation is productive. The township is well watered ; its eastern boundary is formed principally by the Great Miami River. Loramie Creek, a stream of considerable magnitude, enters the township near its northwest corner, and flows southeast and enters the Great Miami just outside the county. Turtle Creek enters the township from the north, flows south, and empties into the Loramie near the centre of the township. Beside these there are other streams, and numerous springs run in different parts that afford ample drainage and water fpr stock. Also the Miami and Erie Canal and its feeder both cross this township In addition to the drainage afforded by these streams, the canal and Loramie Creek give excellent water-power for mills. The Miami and Erie Canal Feeder, which lakes its water from the Great Miami River near Port Jefferson, enters the main canal at Lockington, in this township. This is the summit of this canal. The water flows from the feeder both north and south. The water from this point south has a fall of sixty-seven feet, passing through six locks within the distance of one-half mile.

The system of gravelled roads, for which Shelby County is noted as being »ne of the best in the State, is to be seen in this township. All the principal roads and thoroughfares are graded and gravelled; also, many of the more private ones ; and the time is not far distant when every man will have a gravelled road from his door to any part of the county. The north part of the township is crossed by the C. C. C. and I. R. R., on which is a station, giving the advantage of shipment by rail as well as by water on the canal.

The schools of Washington Township are equal to those of any others in the county. There are good substantial brick school-houses in every district, in which schools are supported from eight to nine months in tiie year.

The first permanent settlement made within the present boundary of Shelby County was made within the limits of this township. It was in the northwest corner on Loramie Creek that James Thatcher built his cabiu, and brought his family as early as 1805. It is not known that there was any other that preceded him in any other part of the county. In 1806 we find that John, Joseph, and David Mellinger had located here in sections 29 and 30, near where Loekington now is. Thomas Karl was found here in 1806. John Wilson settled on the bank of Turtle Creek in section 7, in March, 1807. He was followed by Samuel Marshall in 1808, and he by Samuel McClure in 1810. In 1811 Richard, James, and John Lenox, with their mother and sisters, made their advent. There were probably a few others who came about the same time, but of whom we have no knowledge. The exact year that some of the above settled in the township cannot be definitely ascertained, but from the best information we can gather the time given is not far wrong.

The early settlers of Washington, in common with all the pioneers of the Northwest, endured hardships and privations of which we of to-day have but little conception Their food was always coarse and unpalatable to the modern taste, and often scant - not sufficient for the demands of nature. Their principal food was corn bread and wild meat. Should a settler be fortunate enough to have wheat flour and tame meat, lie was considered to live like a king. It was not the quality of the food that gave them uneasiness, but the quantity. As a substitute for tea and coffee, they used the spice bush and sassafras. Many of the children of that day lived to become men and women without knowing the taste of store tea or coffee. Their clothing consisted of the furs and skins of animals the}' had killed, or a little later along, of flax raised, spun, and woven bj- their own hands. Any article that they had to depend upon purchasing at a store was dispensed with, for there were no stores within reach of them. Their nearest point of trade for several years was Cincinnati, at that time a small village, and it would take them a week or ten days to make the trip through the woods without a road.

The first birth of a white child in this township was a child of Richard Lenox, Julia Ann, who became the wife of William Stephens. The first marriage of which we can learn was William Manning and Ruth Julian. The first brick house was built by John Wilson in the year 1816. The same is now occupied by his daughter, Mrs. Sally Lenox. The first frame barn probably was erected by Gideon Wright. The first sawmill in the township or county was built by Samuel Marshall on Turtle Creek, in the year 1815 or 1816 on the farm now owned by Win. Marshall.

The date of the organization of the Methodist Episeopal Church in this township is cotemporaneous with that of its early settlement. The township being the earliest settled portion of the country, and being settled by Protestants, the missionary of this church soon found his way among them, although perhaps for a number of years after the first pioneers located on the Turtle and Lorauiie creeks, there was no regular organized society. Yet we find James B. Findley and others of the Methodist missionaries preaching to this people. There was no stated lime or place of meeting for worship for a number of years. At one time preaching would be at the cabin of one man, the next time at that of another. It was not very long, however, before a class was formed, and stated meetings were held. Who constituted this society, or when it was organized, cannot now be ascertained, as those who were here at t hat time have long since passed away, and no record has been left behind except such as tradition has handed down. The first society of which we have any definite knowledge was organized at the house of James Thompson, in the year 1825 or 1826. The first class consisted of James Thompson and wife, .Jane Thompson, Joseph Caldwell and wife, Jane Patterson, Thomas Plummer, and Amos Travers. The first leader was James Thompson. Meetings were held at the house of James Thompson for a few years, then at the house of John Legg for about three years. In the year 1838 the society erected a hewed log church on the land of John Legg, and dedicated it under the name of Ebenezer Church. The pastor at this time was Rev. Dixon. The names of the members at the time of the erection of this church were: James Thompson and family, John Legg and family, Ainos Travers and family, James Jackson and family, N. M. Sullivan and mother, Jane Patterson, and Margaret

Thompson. This society was kept up until about 1872, when, owing to there being a society at Loekington and the church building being somewhat dilapidated, the society was abandoned, and its members transferred to Loekington and elsewhere.

The Loekington society was organized in December. 1847, by the Rev. Jacob W. Young, at the home of Wilkinson Post. The first members were W. Post and wife, Mrs. Patten, Mrs. Munson, and Mrs. Harper, with Isaac W. Legg as leader. They worshipped in private houses for about two years. In the summer of 1848 a subscription was taken for the erection of a church, but owing to the cholera epidemic that raged during the summers of 1848 and 1849, the church was not commenced until the year 1850, at which time they built a neat frame church, which was dedicated in June, 1850, by the Kev. Michael Marley. This society has kept up its organization, and has prospered from that time to the present. The present membership is nearly two hundred. The church having been built some thirty years, the society in 1881 enlarged and remodeled it, and now it is a modern and commodious structure. Therg is a flourishing Sabbath-school in connection with the church, which has been kept up from the first organization of tlte society. It has a membership of teachers and scholars of an average of one hundred and fifty.

The first society of this denomination of which we can gain any knowledge in Washington Township was organized at Rock Run about 1844 ; by the Rev. James Winters. The first class consisted of Francis Bailey j and wife, Sarah Rasor, William Dunlap and wife, John Bower and wife, and Blakely Dunlap and wife. The first leader was Francis Bailey. 'J his society kept up its organization for many years, but in course of time, there being churches at Pontiac and Loekington, and they having no church to worship in, the class was broken up by some of the members joining at Pontiac, and others being transferred to Loekington. j The Loekington Society was formed in 1850 by the Rev. Henry Toby. Meetiugs were held for some two years in a school-house. The first members were William Valentine and wife, W. Furnace and wife, C. Beadle and wife, Abram Rasor and wife, Jacob Rasor, and Stephen Alexl ander and wife. The first leader was Jacob Rasor. In 1851 they erected their present church. It was built under the supervision of Jacob Antrim, and dedicated in 1854 by Rev. Henry Cumler. This society has | a present membership of eighty, with a Sabbath-school attached, under the superintendence of Jasper Buxton. The following is a list of the pastors who have been on the Loekington charge since its organization i in 1850, viz.: Jacob Antrim, Phebe Benton, John L. Hoffman, A. W.

This society in Loekington was organized in the year 1871 by Elder John M. Smith. fThe names of the constituent members of the church were Joseph T. Wilkinson, C. Johnston and wife, S. A. Johnston and ! wife, William Beauchamp, John P. Johnston and wife, Joseph T. Barkalow and wife, Henry P. Johnston and wife, Sarah A. .Johnston, Harriet Johnston, and Mrs. .Midlie Mellinger. Services were held in the schoolhouse for about one year, when they bought the same building and reseated, papered, and painted it, and dedicated it as a place of worship, and it has been used as such from that time to the present. The first elders of the church were Joseph T. Wilkinson and Christopher John-, ston. The first deacons were William Beauchamp and S. A. Johnston. In 1872 Elder George Hill was elected pastor, who served about one year. He was succeeded by William Stone, who was followed by Aaron Moore, and he by Elder Blackburn, John Kesler, D. C. Call, and C. G. Bartholomew, the present pastor. The church has a present membership of I about forty. The present officers are S. A. Johnston and C. Johustou, elders; A. L. Gillis and William Beauchamp, deacons.

range 6 east, and was surveyed by Jonathan Counts for David Mellinger, the proprietor, November 17, 1837. Main Street is five rods wide, and bears south 85£ c west. Cross Street is four roils wide, and bears norm 4^° west. All lanes it re two rods wide ; all alleys are one rod wide; all lots are four by ten rods, and contain one quarter of an acre each. Whole number of lots, as shown by original plat, thirty-two. Platted November 17; acknowledged November 28, and recorded December 18, 1837.

The town is thus located in the south part of Washington (originally Grayson) Township, on the summit of the Miami and Erie Canal, this being the point at which the Miami Feeder enters the canal and distril)- utes its waters to the north and south. The point is one of considerable topographic and hydraulic, almost of romantic interest. If not romantic it is at least highly picturesque and interesting. Within a half-mile to the southward are sis canal locks, affording navigation over a fall of some sixty-seven feet within the distance mentioned. To the northward of the town, the canal extends at a dead level for a distance of about twenty-two miles, the first lock in this direction being at New Bremen, Auglaize County. From Lockinglon the Miami Feeder affords canal navigation through Sidney to Port Jefferson, in Salem Township. From the fall afforded by the Lockington Summit, an aqueduct is constructed, by which an unlimited water power is conducted to Piqua, Miami County, a distance of five miles. With the sixty-seven feet of fall at this little town, water-power enough could be utilized to almost drive the industrial wheels of a world. It is of rare interest to the visitor in this section to witness canal boats locking themselves up or down a height of over sixty feet at six steps or bounds, and traverse a distance of a half mile beside, within the short space of one hour. To one not acquainted with the lock system, a visit to this place would prove of rare and pleasurable interest, for if the town presents nothing else of a novel character, its artificial water power and dispersion of water is a peculiar feature possessed by no other town in our State. Besides these artificial water peculiarities, the Loramie Creek, almost a river, sweeps bv the town - a beautiful stream, not devoid of majesty and grace, across which the canal and Piqua water-power are carried by separate aqueducts, constructed of timber alone. Such are the peculiar features which invest this little town with more than every -daj' interest, although its plat and population are small.

Commissioners' Office, September 9, 1857. The petition of thirty of the inhabitants, being qualified voters embraced within the proposed limits of Lockington, was presented to the Commissioners of Shelby County th is day, and by them ordered to be filed by the auditor in his office for the inspection of all persons interested, and the said Commissioners appoint the 9th da}' of December, 1857, as the time for the further determination on the prayer of said petitioners.

Commissioners' Office, December 9, 1857. It is ordered that the village of Lockington be incorporated in accordance with the petition presented in September, under the provisions of an act entitled "An act to provide for the organization of cities and incorporated villages."

Lockington, March 6, 1858. This is to certify that we, as agents of the qualified electors of the incorporated village of Lockington, Ohio, at a meeting held this date, did appoint the first Thursday of April next for the election of municipal officers in said village, to be advertised on the 8th of March, and the succeeding month, which advertisement wrote and truly and duly set up on said day, the following being a true copy of the same : -

The qualified voters of the incorporated village of Lockington, Shelby County, Ohio, will take notice that there will be an election held in said village on the first Thursday of April next, 1858, for the purpose of electing municipal officers, as provided by statute, to wit: one mayor, one recorder, five trustees, one marshal, and one treasurer.

Also appointed, next Monday night week, it being the 15th inst., requesting the qualified voters of Lockington to convene at early candlelight at the school-house in said place, for the purpose of appointing a board of judges and clerks for said election, and to attend to any other business which may arise.

March 15, 1858. The citizens of Lockington, agreeable to previous notice, assembled at the school-house this date for the purpose of electing three judges and a clerk to serve at the coming election for corporation officers, whereupon the meeting organized by appointing VV. S. Burns chairman, and A. J. Campbell secretary. The following persons were chosen: W. B. Valentine, C. Hill, Jacob Rasor, judges, and John Humphrey, clerk. The meeting thereupon adjourned.

Thursday, April 1, 1858. The board of judges and clerks met, agreeable to 'foregoing appointment, this day, to wit : VV. B. Valentine, C. Hill, and Jacob Ilasor, judges; and John Humphrey and George Gillespie, clerks; and were sworn as the law directs, whereupon they proceeded to open the polls for the election of town officers. It is hereby certified that the number of electors at this election was forty-nine. W. S. Burns had 45 votes for mayor ; G. A. Gillespie had 48 votes for recorder ; Jacob Rasor had 25 votes for treasurer; John Agenbroad had 25 votes for marshal ; W. B. Valentine had 47 votes, F. Whitby had 25 votes, D. K. Gillespie had 25 votes, N. B. Boust had 25 votes, and Thomas Wilson had 25 votes, for council.

At this period a number of the citizens entered the army, and dissensions existed to such an extent among those at home, that the incorporation was abandoned. Ten years later it was revived, since which time it has been sustained.

1881. J. C. Althoff, clerk ; D. Rasor, treasurer ; J. Barrett, marshal ; S. D. Smith, Jacob Rasor, and Robert Simpson, councilman ; William McDonald, street commissioner.

About the year 1830 a man b}' the name of Steambarger, or Steinberger, built a small flour mill on Loramie Creek, near where Lockington now is. Prior to his building this mill a man by the name of Aldrich had built a sawmill near the same site, but it had gone down. This sawmill was rebuilt, and run in connection with the flour mill. In 1837 he sold these mills to John Brown, who attached a woollen mill. After a few years he sold to Robert Ewing, who in the year 1844 built a new flouring mill, and ran it up to 1859, then sold to D. K. Gillespie, who sold to John Johnston, and he to John Fuller, who soon afterward died ; it then passed into the hands of O. C. Horton, who owned it about one year, when it was burned. This was in the year 1872. This same year Rasor & Bro. bought the site, and the following year erected the present mill. From Rasor & Bro. it changed to D. Rasor & Son, who are the present owners.

The first sawmill in the town of Lockington was built by William Stephens in 1845 or 1846. From him it went into the hands of Reed Bros., who owned it a few years but let it go down. In 1860 Daniel & Jacob Rasor bought the site and erected a new mill, and attached to it a corn crusher and chopping buhr. The Rasors owned and ran it until 1873, when the Summit Paper Mill Company bought it, but owned it but a few months, then sold to Francis Bailey and two of his sons, who were its owners until 1876, when it passed into the hands of J. T. <fe H. P. Bailey, who are its present owners. These mills derive their power from the canal, they having two turbine wheels, giving them a 70-horse power. These mills are used in the manufacture of lumber, with a capacity of 12,000 feet per day. Beside the manufacture of lumber they have several lathes, on which they manufacture handles of all kinds, beside other turned work. They keep in employ about fourteen hands.

This Grange was organized Sept. 16, 1873, at Liberty School-house, by S. H. Ellis, Master of Ohio State Grange. The charter members were, J. J. Johnston, Miss Martha Johnston, James Weymer and wife, S. A. Johnston and wife, James Ewing, Win. Beauchamp and wife, George A. Marshall and wife, John Weymer, A. N. Brading, H. C. Wilson and wife, Mary A. Lenox, J. J. Alexander, James H. Hardesty and wife, I'. B. Weymer, Joseph A. Wilson, J. L. Mellinger, A. S. Davenport, Widiam Mellinger, Ida Mellinger, A. C. Adams, JL). J. Thompson, James Caldwell, Harriett Johnston, and S. J. Johnston.

The first officers were: Master, S. A. Johnston; Overseer, II. C. Wilson ; Lecturer, G. A. Marshall; Steward, John Johnston; Asst. Steward, Jas. Weymer; Chaplain, W. Beauchamp; Treasurer, J. J. Alexander; Secretary, A. N. Brading; Gate-keeper, James Ewing; Ceres, Jenny Weymer; Pomona, Mrs. S. A. Johnston; Flora, Mrs. H. C. Wilson; Lady Asst. Steward, Mrs. G. A. Marshall.

After all, Fate is only the caprice of conditions; to-daj* a sunbeam of happiness, to-morrow a night-cloud of gloom ; filling one life with the tender bloom of hope, another with the withering blight of despair. This very caprice is the foundation of hope, for, if the life born to adversity did not feel a potent strength within, capable of contending against a hard fate with something of a promise of success, the light of that life would go out in gloom and despair. These lives, which know only a hard condition of existence, are sustained and cheered by that manhood in man which, willing to perform mighty deeds, is also able to endure the cruelty of biting wrongs. He finds his condition his inveterate, bitter, and relentless foe, and takes up arms against that condition. When he battles against the hard surroundings of his birth, no measure can be taken of his endurance and strength. In that war he becomes his own fate, and struggles on, determined to triumph or perish in the effort If he succeeds, the world calls him a genius or a hero; but if he fails, he was only a trifler or a fool. Success is the measure of effort with humanity, and simply means that a man must accomplish whatever he undertakes.

Let us look for a moment upon the eventful life of a man upon whom Fate seemed only to frown, but who, battling against the enemies of his very birth, at length became master of his fate, and received the plaudits bestowed upon the hero. Go backward, then, in years beyond the birth of our proud Republic, to the first decade of the eighteenth century, and enter one of the homes of England. Then and there Thomas Bailey sprang into being under conditions against which two continents of men afterward arose in arms in order that life might be rendered worth the living. It was a century before the judicial declaration that "a slave cannot breathe the air of England and live," for human piracy and slavery were yet legalized and encouraged. The tree of liberty had produced no fruit, and under the very conditions of his birth Thomas Bailey found himself in deadly conflict with his surroundings. When a mere child he was kidnapped and taken aboard a vessel then about to sail for America, where slavery and barbarism were yet at a premium. The "home of the free and the asylum of the oppressed" existed as yet only in dreams of the future.

On reaching our present free and hospitable shores, the lad was readily put in the market of human chattels, and sold to a Virginian, the proceeds to be applied to the payment of the child's fare for his captive transportation. He was then held in bondage by his purchaser until about twenty-one years of age, when he was captured by a warring tribe of Indians, and so escaped from the service of a white robber of labor to that of savages, who vied with the whites in the nefarious traffic in human beings. True, it does not appear that during his first service he suffered any abuse or wrongs beyond what is implied by involuntary service. To rob a man of the fruits of his toil appears severe and heartless enough, and ever was a giant, inhuman wrong. As if this were not enough, a worse fate awaited the captive when once at the mercy of the Indians. By them he was held in the most abject and degrading bondage for several years, during which period he suffered untold abuse and unnumbered tortures. His treatment, besides being that of an abject menial in the service of ignorant and cruel barbarians, was frightful and shocking beyond the power of expression. On one occasion, after a long series of tortures, his hair was all plucked from his head and eyebrows, and such other slow abuses inflicted that he lost the use of his eyes, and suffered such other misfortunes as to render him almost helpless to himself, and largely useless to his tormentors. See him in this abject and pitiable condition, and tell us what could have been the measure of his hope! View him in the hands of a tribe whose rule was to put to death all useless captives, and then predict his ultimate fate! In his seemingly undone condition, if the words were ever justifiable, he might have exclaimed

But just such crises as this sometimes in the history of nations as of men, marks the introduction to a new and better life, by building hope on the ruins of despair. So in this case. The blind captive steals away, inspired by thirst, in search of water, and after wandering about for a time hears the thrilling music of a rippling stream, which he approached, and cooled his parching lips. This done, his fever allayed, he crept aimlessly, perhaps despairingly, away among the bushes which bordered the banks of the friendly stream. At length, in the solitude of nature, beyond sight and hearing of man, his bitterest foe, he threw himself upon the earth, and fell into a soft and soothing slumber, a sleep so kind that it brought him a dream of beauty, because a dream of liberty and strength. In that dream he was no longer blind, for blindness could not look upon its picture of beauties and delights which he held in adoration. But it was a transitory joy, and he awoke to realize that "a sorrow's crown of sorrow is remembering happier things." He awoke to hear the rustling of bushes, and human voices just lieyond his place of hiding. He listened, and learned he was the object of search, and that upon being discovered, being no longer of any particular use, it was the intention to put him to death. Perhaps iu his forlorn condition this information was not invested with horror to him. But it was still a terrible awakening from a beautiful dream of liberty* and manhood. Again he listened, and heard a squaw observe that in case she found the object of the search, she would claim him as her servant, and spare his life that he might take care of her child. Perhaps he did not realize the kindness of that fate, but it presided, unconscious though he was of the fact. Perhaps he dreaded his life n^ore than his death, and preferred to be discovered, if at all, by those who would end his misery by death, "the poor man's dearest friend, the kindest and the best." But it was not so; as it was, the squaw who intended he should live was the first to discover him, and so became the preserver of his life. Taking him to her wigwam, she at once set about the treatment of his eyes, and with that success for which the Indian medical treatment is proverbial. By the kind treatment of his preserver his eyesight was fully restored. During the period of this treatment he had been given charge of the child of his benefactress, until the red-skin child and pale-face man became almost inseparable companions. This companionship may have been, in fact must have been, something of a joy to the man who found in the child the first human being he had ever known who did not seek to oppress and enslave him. This manner of life continued for some time, finally culminating in a day of general sport and feasting. On this occasion, as wa3 their custom on field days, the Indians gave themselves over to the demoralizing influences of liquor, and became an intoxicated mob. The captive-nurse saw another dream of liberty, but this time in his waking hours. He thought fully upon the matter, and finally resolved to make an effort to realize that dream.

Accordingly, he walked back and forth near the scene of revelry and debauchery, carrying the child in his arms, apparently concerned only about its welfare and happiness. The child was fretful, and the ruse successful, for it was not known by the Indians that the child was being tormented by pinching in order to cause the crying. Thus with his fretful, restless charge, the captive walked back and forth, each time extending his walk away from camp and captors. Finally, thinking himself unnoticed, he started on a wild flight for the nearest fort aud that liberty for which he thirsted. The fort was distant several miles, but he knew its whereabouts satisfactorily enough to undertake to find it. With the child still in his arms, he hastened onward, finding presently the Indians were in hot and furious pursuit. To be overtaken was to suffer a horrible death just after his first breath of liberty. It was now a race for life itself, and clinging to the child to prevent the use of arrows by the pursuers, who were now close upon his back, be kept up the race, and reached the fort just as he fell exhausted by his burdened flight. The occupants of the fort favored putting the child to death, but he remonstrated, declaring that as it had saved his life, its own must now be spared. He then restored it to its mother, but for himself declined all invitations to return with the Indians, although their offers were profuse and liberal, aud possibly sincere. From that day Thomas Bailey, for the first time a free man, realized his manhood, renounced his savage life, turned his back upon a long period of bondage, and looking about him for a moment was dazzled by the glory of freedom's sunlight, and stood amazed at the realization of his brightest hope. He, the victim of piracy, slavery, and barbarism; who had bowed his head in despair, crushed in spirit, and, for a time, wrecked in body, stood forth after all an evidence of the tenacity of the life of man when put to the severest test. Turning his face to civilization, he sought the settlement of the whites in Virginia, the scene to him of so much suffering, but now the theatre in which he was to enter upon a new life, presided over by a kinder fate. Measure, if you can, the joy of the tortured slave, when in the enjoj'inent of " life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness," and when, for the first time, he realizes he is master of his fate, and recognizes the divinity of man. Thomas Bailey entered upon a new life, under new conditions, inspired by a new purpose. Reaching the settlement he plunged in active labor, and after a time was married to an estimable lady, reared a large and respectable family, and closed his eventful life surrounded by the blessings of liberty, prosperity, and peace.