Hamilton City (part 7 of 12)

At the age of twenty-one, in March, 1833, he was employed as principal of a high school at Canandaigua, New York, with three assistants, remaining there successfully two years and four months. 'The next September, after engaging in this school, he also commenced the study of medicine with Dr. E. B. Carr, reciting to him an hour daily, Sundays excepted, until July, 1837, when, in order to pursue his studies more favorably, he went to Olean, New York with his brother-in-law, Dr. E. W. Finn, who owned a large drug store and had an extensive practice. Here he devoted his time industriously to these pursuits until September, 1837, when with two other medical students he came to Ohio and attended a medical college six months, graduating honorably, March 15, 1838. He immediately settled at Canal Winchester, in the Scioto valley, where he enjoyed a large practice until December, 1844,when his father was entirely disabled by palsy, which necessitated his return to Cortland, his native place. Here he soon received a large patronage among his early school companions and friends, until May, 1849, when his father having died and other relatives being provided for, he settled in the city of Syracuse, New York. Here with others he organized and had incorporated the Syracuse Medical College, and established, edited, and published the Syracuse Medical and Surgiéal Journal, a monthly. The first term of the institution opened the next November 5th, with eighty-seven actual matriculants, and continued two terms each year, of four months each, or thirteen terms, until June, 1855. In February, 1852, to improve his knowledge of surgery, Dr. Potter went to Philadelphia, and attended the clinics in the Pennsylvania hospital, and surgical lectures in the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, until the latter part of May.

He continued dean of the Syracuse Medical College and in charge of the Jowrnal until September, 1855, when his wife suffered incipient consumption, rendering it necessary to return to this valley, her native place, hoping that the change might restore her health. He arranged with his partner, Dr. F. W. Walton, now of Piqua, Ohio, to settle their business. Dr. Potter then went to Cincinnati, where he accepted the position of lecturer on principles and practice, in the American Medical College, where he continued publishing his journal, and attending the clinics twice weekly in the Commercial Hospital of that city until June, 1856, when he resigned, sold his journal, and settled with his family permanently in this city, where he has ever since been in active practice, with the exception of two brief intervals. At the urgent solicitation of friends, in May, 1873, he went to St. Louis, Missouri, and assisted in organizing the American Medical College and the American Medical Journal, which have both enjoyed surprising patronage. The former is now holding its eighteenth term, and has become a leading institution in the West, and the Jowrnal has attained a large circulation.

The doctor was for four consecutive years president of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Society, and the past two its recording secretary; he was one of the incorporators and first vice-president of the National Eclectic Medical Association at Chicago in 1870, which organization has since grown to thirty State auxiliary societies, with prosperous working members; and has been the president the most of the time for about twenty-two years of the Miami Medical Society. He has also been for four years a member of the city council, and is at present a member of the board of health.

The doctor has been married four times, each time happily; has reared seven children to adult age, and, unfortunately, lost as many. in infancy and childhood. He is the well-known author of a '' Compendium of the Principles and Practice of Medicine," a book of five hundred pages, a work full of research and a marvel of condensation, for ready reference, and invaluable to busy practitioners and medical students. It has a large ~ demand, having passed two editions, and has been adopted as a text-book in our medical colleges.

Perhaps the most notable incident in the extended and eventful life of Dr. Potter was the rescue of a fugitive slave named Jerry in Syracuse, New York, about 1852. It occurred soon after the fugitive slave law was passed, and on the occasion of holding a national antislavery convention at that place. Daniel Webster had recently delivered a speech to an immense concourse there, threatening that ''when this convention thronged the city, a noted fugitive would be arrested and taken back to slavery. The United States Government would teach the people that there was potency in law." Four United States marshals had been detailed from as many adjacent cities, and the whole police force of Syracuse were ready. Jerry was arrested and placed in chains. About thirty thousand people were waiting to witness the scene. The man, with blue eyes, red cheeks, and brown curly hair, with no other semblance of a negro, was taken away from the officers by the mob, and finally placed by Dr. Potter in the grounds of a residence inhabited by a stiff pro-slavery man, where the most active search failed to find him. After the lapse of a week, and search having been made from house to house, when detection was imminent, the doctor arranged with Jerry's host to drive in with a meat wagon, got Jerry in, and, covered with blankets, he drove before the door°of the Syracuse House, hitched, went in with the doctor, took cigars, and drove out through the city about 4 P. M. in beautiful sunshine, no one suspecting the presence of Jerry. After reaching Brewerton, seventeen miles, Dr. Potter took Jerry in his carriage, sending the team back, and conveyed the fugitive to Mexicoville and by the underground railroad to a small harbor on Lake Ontario, whenee he obtained a passage on a small sailing vessel to Canada. No more noted fugitive slave case ever occurred in the United States, and in it the doctor was the principal agent of success.

John C. Mckemy

John C. McKemy, late judge of the common pleas court in Darke County, but now a resident of Hamilton, was born May 5, 1835, in Lexington, Virginia.~ His father and mother, William and Elizabeth (Kirkpatrick) MeKemy, were both natives of Virginia, and de- scendants of the earliest settlers of that State. Both are now dead, the former having died April 8, 1882, aged seventy-nine, and the latter in December, 1878, at the age of sixty-nine. Farming was their life vocation, and they resided in their native State until death. W.D. Mc- Kemy, a brother of John C., who was educated by the latter, after serving in the rebel army throughout the Rebellion, and for a long time a prisoner, being captured at the battle of the Wilderness, is now judge of probate at Dayton, and a lawyer of excellent ability.

John C. McKemy remained at home upon his father's farm until 1855, when he came to Ohio and located in Darke County, where he labored on a farm during the Summer and attended school in the Winter. His circumstances were such as to deny him the privilege of a collegiate education, but he made the best of what opportunities he had, and gained a good, practical knowledge of books. In 1858 he entered the law office of Evan Baker, of Greenville, as a student, and after two years of arduous study, was admitted to the bar of Darke County in 1860. He immediately established once, and in 1865 formed a partnership with Mr. D. L. Meeker, of that place. This connection was continued up to 1866, when Mr. McKemy was elected probate judge of his county. His ability as a lawyer, and the judicial quality of his mind were soon, however, to elevate him to a higher position in his profession than he had previously held. In 1868 he was elected judge of the common pleas court, to accept which he resigned his position as probate judge. - Judge McKemy remained on the bench till the Fall of 1872, when he resigned, with the determination to re- _sume practice. He established himself at Dayton, where the firm of McKemy & Nauerth existed till 1876. He then removed to Hamilton, where he has since remained in successful professional pursuits. During the four years in which Judge MckKemy presided as common pleas judge there were perpetrated within his circuit the greatest number of terrible murders and crimes ever known in the history of the county. The state of affairs was dreadful. Six months of the year were of necessity devoted to the trial of criminal cases. Judge McKemy did not shrink from the responsibility. Among those which came before him were the famous McGehean and Licklider murder cases, and many others of aggravated character. Substantial justice was attained, and the purification of the community was largely owing to his strenuous efforts. There were also several very important civil actions tried before Judge McKemy, in which he did himself great honor. One particularly worthy of mention, was tried in Dayton, involving the rights of the veterans in the Soldiers' Home of that city to vote. Judge McKemy decided that they had no right to exercise the elective franchise in that place, and his decision was sustained by the Supreme Court of Ohio.

Probably no other judge in the State within a period of equal length has been obliged to sit in judgment in so many cases of equal weight and importance as did Judge McKemy from 1868 to 1872, in the first subdivision of the Second Judicial District of Ohio, trials in which public feeling ran high, and in which personal sympathies and prejudices placed the lives of men involved in them in actual jeopardy. Since his retirement from the bench Judge McKemy has been an attorney in nearly every important case tried in Hamilton and the neighboring cities. He was in the noted Dickey - Tytus breach-ofpromise and seduction case, and also assisted in the trial of the State vs. John Francis, for murder, which was transferred from Montgomery County to Hamilton on a change of venue. He was also one of the attorneys in the settlement of the Beatty estate, the largest ever brought into the courts of Butler County.

For years Judge McKemy has been a very active and influential Democrat, and up to within a few years was one of the leaders of his party in his own and surrounding counties. He served as chairman of several Democratic conventions, and in several presidential campaigns canvassed both Ohio and Indiana as a speaker. His life has been one of activity and industry, which, coupled with his native ability, has made him not only an excellent lawyer and able judge, but successful in pecuniary affairs. He is the possessor of considerable real estate in Hamilton and other places, besides having an interest in four silver mines in Colorado, two of which are in successful operation, and the others are under process of tunneling. He is a member of the Knights of Honor and the Ancient Order of United Workmen.

Judge McKemy was married December 6, 1861, to Miss Mary A. Wiley, of Darke County, daughter of Caleb and Elizabeth Wiley. Mr. and Mrs. Wiley were both natives of Virginia, though they removed to Ohio when young. They have lived on one farm for about sixty years. The former is eighty-three years of age, and the latter sixty-three. Of this union there are seven children now living. The oldest, Fannie Belle, born in 1865; Ella J., born 1866; Pearl C., born in 1868; William C., in 1875; Florence May, in 1876; Blanche, in 1880, and the youngest in 1882.

Samuel Davidson

Samuel Davidson was born in Portage County, Ohio, June 10, 1825, and was the second son of Patrick and Jane (Custard) Davidson. He is of Scotch and German descent. With his parents, he moved to Mercer County, Pennsylvania, about 1832 or 1833, and was educated in the common schools. In the Spring of 1840 he began an apprenticeship of four years at the cabinet and furniture trade, which he acquired, working as a journeyman some three years. He then learned the business of a mill-wright, an occupation which he followed till 1856. In the Spring of that year he came to Hamilton, taking charge of a portable saw-mill and machine shop. At this he continued till 1862, then organizing the firm of Davidson & Co., founders of Cincinnati, continuing there till 1865. He entered into partnership with Bernhard Stemps, in 1865, in the stove, tin, and hardware business, which lasted till 1870. In the Spring of 1872 he began business in his present location. Although small at first, it has grown to large proportions. It embraces hardware, grates, and mantels, and agricultural implements.

Mr. Davidson was married, in 1849, to Miss Amanda Smith, and they were the parents of two children, both deceased. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Davidson is a member of the Masonic order. He has always declined office, but in 1861 was a member of the city council, and in 1865 was again a member, being elected president of the board. He had no start in life, but is entirely self-made.

George W. White, the well-known artist of this city, was born on the 8th of November, 1826, at Oxford. His father, George G. White, was a native of Virginia, and emigrated at an early age to Ohio, settling in Fairfield Township, near Black Bottom, in the year 1800. In 1824 he became postmaster of the village of Oxford, continuing in office some twenty-five years. Here George W. White began his first attempts at painting, which it is believed, are mostly destroyed. Mr. Higgins, who resides in the village, was the first to encourage him in the idea of becoming a painter, and gave him a lump of crude umber, gamboge, and Prussian blue, with some white lead. With these crude appliances he began a picture on a piece of unprepared bed-ticking, and placing it on the house-top to dry. His first essay at painting heads was made in Hamilton, in the year 1840, with S. S. Walker, under whose direction he was placed a short time, when he became ill from close confinement, on recovery being sent to the Miami University as a student. Prof. Moffatt, seeing his predilection, advised him to continue the study of art. Although his father was unfavorable to this course of life, he supplied his son with means to go to Cincinnati, where he entered upon an artist's career in 1843. He met with but little encouragement. The painters all assured him that the life of an artist was ''a starving one," and he was obliged to catch up what instruction he could from the others, not being able to afford regular lessons.

His scanty means were soon exhausted, and he began traveling as a negro minstrel. This was then new, ae he went through the country with Webb's Serenaders and Sable Sisters, following this with a trip on the Ohio and Mississippi with a show comp strels, tumblers, and athletes, company disbanded in trouble

Cincinnati and engaged with Rockwell's Amphitheater, on the site where the Gazette office now is. Here he sang and played nightly in the saw-dust of the arena, under the cover of burnt cork. This was his last appearance in public in_ this capacity. He resumed the pencil, and returned for a season to his native village, where he painted cabinet heads of all who would sit, at five and ten dollars a head. He returned to Cincinnati in 1847, and took rooms in the Apollo Building, at the corner of Fifth and Walnut, which was at that time the retreat of several meritorious artists, amongst whom we might name Beard, Brannon, Miller, Eaton, Duncanson, Whittridge, Johnson, Tom Jones, the sculptor, and others. Mr. White had as his room-mate W. L. Sonntag, the landscape painter, who is now living in New York City. The first picture which Mr. White ventured to place before the public was a half-length portrait of Julia Dean, the celebrated actress, afterward known as Julia Dean Hayne. She was then the city's favorite, and her picture attracted wide attention. She was represented as Virginia in the play of the Roman Father. From that time on he continued to paint: portraits, landscapes, and so on; in fact, any kind of work was gladly received. Some of these canvases were the joint productions of White and Sonntag, who, when not engaged in painting, were skirmishing about for something to eat. They suffered keenly from the distresses and difficulties which usually attend this class of young and undistinguished painters, and were forced to do whatever offered. Occasionally they decorated omnibuses and railroad cars, and at other times painted scenes in the Museum Theater.

Mr. White became a member of the Artists' Union on its formation, which afforded him a sale for a number of his pictures. In the Summer of 1848 he painted the '"'Greek Slave," two pictures, embodying the front and rear views, with the matchless profile seen to equal advantage in both. This effort placed him favorably before the public as an artist. The pictures, after being shown in the East and West, were finally taken to New York and sold for a thousand dollars apiece. He continued painting, turning out some fine work occasionally, among which were his pictures of '' Musidora," 'Helen McGregor," '' Beauty's Reverie," ''Galbina," "Undine," and "Ophelia." Among his portraits at that time were those of the Rev. Thomas H. Stockton and Edwin Forrest, the actor. At the burning of Wood's Museum, in 1857, these and many other works of the artist were destroyed. They represented the labor of years. He had resided for some time in Covington, when he was induced by his friends to go to New York City. After an experience of a year he returned, setting up his easel in Cincinnati, and shortly after painting '' Louis Kossuth" and ''Lola Montez." In 1857 Mr. White came to Hamilton, where he has since remained, excepting during the Rebellion, when he was in Cincinnati. He met with almost constant employment, and received high and flattering encouragement from patrons at home and abroad. Among the most notable of his pictures at that time were those of General Grant and General Sherman.

He was married in 1866 to Miss Mary, daughter of the late Major John Crane, an old resident of Hamilton. Mrs. White died in 1872, leaving one son. Mr. White, like most painters of the day, depends for a living on painting portraits and teaching the art, in which he has been generously supported by patrons and friends.

James T. Gray

James Thompson Gray, of Reily Township, was born in Franklin County, Indiana, December 27, 1819, removing to this county in 1833. His parents were Samuel Gray.and Margaret Hiles. He was married on the second day of March, 1848, to Martha Ann Hidlay, daughter of Henry and Sarah Hidlay, who was born in Butler County in 1824. They have had five children. Sarah Eliza was born January 14, 1844; Phebe Harriet, November 4, 1846; Samuel Lerton, November 16, 1848; John Dinborn, April 19, 1854; and James Elmore, April 11, 1858. Mr. Gray was elected township trustee in 1852, and held the office for eight consecutive years. In October, 1881, he was elected county treasurer, and was to have taken his seat on the first Monday in September, 1882, but died very suddenly some three weeks before. Mr. Gray followed the business of buggy and carriage blacksmith.

Arthur W. Elliott

The Rev. Arthur W. Elliott was the most famous of the early Methodist preachers in this county. Although _ others preceded him, he was the contemporary of those who made the beginnings and first uttered the Word of God to the hardy pioneers of this county. He was born in the county of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, on the 22d of February, 1784. At the age of eighteen, moved by the spirit of adventure, he fell in with the tide of emigration, just then beginning to set powerfully toward the great Northwest Territory. On horseback he crossed the Alleghanies, and continued his course westward until he reached the Miami Valley, where he determined to make his future home. He went back to Maryland soon after, where he was married in 1804, and in the year 1805 returned, settling in Liberty Township. Here he remained for many years.

In 1806 an event took place which gave a new current to his thoughts, and changed his whole character and life. He was converted, and after a brief time became a local preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was admitted in the traveling connection in 1818. From the beginning, however, he devoted himself almost entirely to the work of the ministry, and his labors for the Church of his love were more strenuous and more chased a farm on his first arrival, which was swept away by the duplicity of one of his supposed friends. With an effort, he made another start, in which he was successful, and he was a farmer as well as preacher for many years.

He was the founder of the Spring Church, the earliest Methodist organization in Eastern Butler. He was a man of powerful frame, and with great energy and force. As a preacher he was a man of great fervor and power ; he moved his audiences at his will, and many were converted under his ministrations. He was a man of wit and humor, and many of his sayings are still preserved by those who were fortunate enough to hear him. He took a decided part in politics, at a time when that was regarded as far more unseemly than now. He was a Whig, and as a Whig speaker he accompanied General Harrison on his famous electioneering campaign of 1840. He was an ardent Mason, and was a member of that organization for more than forty years, in which society he was the grand chaplain of the Grand Lodge of Ohio. In 1854 he removed to Paris, Lllinois, where he died January 18, 1858. He had seen his work prosper; his Church, at the time of his birth, had only ninety-three preachers in the United States, but at the time of his death it had 10,794. Few had done more for it than he had.

Evan Evans

Evan Evans, of Morgan Township, was there born May 2, 1816, being the youngest son of William and Jane Evans. William Evans was a native of Wales, settling in Butler County about 1802. He reared a family of six children, of whom four are living, and died in 18%1. His son received a limited education in the common schools, and was brought up to farming. At thirteen years of age he began looking out for himself, going to work for others. He was married May 28, 1842, to Miss Anna Mering, daughter of John Mering, a former well-known resident of Morgan Township. Mrs. Evans was born in Morgan Township in 1824. They were the parents of eight children, of whom seven are living. William E. is a resident of Jasper County, Missouri ; John M. is a farmer of Morgan Township; Elizabeth J. is now the wife of A. L. Scott; Emma M. was the wife of Erastus Robinson, and died in February, 1877, in her nineteenth year; Albert E. is at home, fitting himself for the medical profession; Cora Belle, Spencer E., and Chester C. are still under the paternal roof.

After marriage Mr. Evans located on a partially improved place in Morgan Township, and bought and sold five different farms in Morgan Township, settling on the John Mering homestead in 1849, where he has since resided. There are one hundred and sixty acres in this place, and in Missouri five hundred. He has held all the township offices, and lately has acted much as administrator and assignee. He is a member of the Butler County Agricultural Society, and for the past ten years has been one of its officials. "He is a member of so Congregational Church at Paddy's Run. Mr. Evans 3 ee son, William E., was a member of the Fifth Cavalry, participating in all of the battles of the regiment. He served three years and three months before reaching the

William C. Miller

William C. Miller, M. D., was born in the Kingdom of Wurtemberg, Germany, July 31, 1847. In October, 1854, in company with his parents, he emigrated to America, and settled in Hamilton, Butler County, Ohio. He received his education in the public schools, and in 1863 entered a drug-store. He advanced from one position to another until 1871, when he went into partnership with W. B. Falconer in the drug business. This was continued successfully until October, 1874, when he retired from the firm to attend lectures at the Miami Medical College at Cincinnati. At the close of his first course he entered the drug-store of A. D. Wittich, at Dayton, Ohio, continuing the study of medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. Phil. Halanan, and remaining until October, 1876, when he took his second course at Miami College, graduating in March, 1877. Returning to Dayton he entered into the practice of his chosen profession.

In April, 1879 - his mother and sisters still living at Hamilton - he came back to this city and purchased the drug-store of the late B. S. James, on the corner of Main and Front Streets, where he is now doing a good business. He has fought his way up to his present standpoint in life, and with excellent prospects in the future. Dr. Miller was married in September, 1880, to a very estimable young lady, daughter of the late Hon. Jesse Corwin, and niece to Governor Tom Corwin of Ohio. One child, William Corwin Miller, has thus far blessed their home. Dr. Miller is now in his thirty-fifth year, in comfortable circumstances, and with the best of life before him. Strictly temperate in habits and enjoying health, he intends to make the most of it.

Thomas Millikin

Thomas Millikin, an old and highly respected lawyer of Hamilton, was born in Rossville, now West Hamilton, on the 28th of September, 1819. He was the son of Robert B. Millikin, a well-known physician, and Sarah Millikin. The latter was from Virginia, and the former from Pennsylvania. Thomas Millikin began his classical studies with the Rev. Joseph G. Monfort, in Rossville, in 1832, and entered the Freshman class at Miami University in September, 1834, graduating from that institution in July, 1838. He began the study of law with Elijah Vance, in the Fall of 1838, and was admitted to the bar December 20, 1840. Heh engaged in the labors of the law, and is the oldest practicing lawyer in the county. He never held a public office except for one year in 1843, when he w cuting attorney, He has been a Democrat all his life, but acted with the Union party during the war. He was married at Columbus, Ohio, November, 4, 1841, to Mary, daughter of the late William B. Van Hook. Mr. Millikin has for many years been one of the most prominent citizens of the county, and has been retained on one side or the other of almost all the prominent cases in the courts for the past twenty years.

Alexander F. Hume

Alexander F'. Hume, judge of the Court of Common Pleas, was born in Delaware County, New York, April 20, 1829. With his parents he came to Clarke County , Ohio, in 1838, and received his education in the common schools and high schools in Springfield, graduating there and entering Miami University in 1846, where he remained a year and a half. He then entered the Central College, at Danville, Kentucky, where he graduated in March, 1848. He entered the office of Judges Rogers and White, remaining with them until he was admitted to the bar in August, 1850. He came to Hamilton in judge of the court of Common Pleas, in 1859, which he filled for five years, when he resumed practice. He was re-elected to the same position in 1875, and has held the place continuously since. In 1878, he was a candidate for judge of the Supreme Court of the State on the Democratic ticket, and came within three thousand votes of an election. He carried his own county by a majority of three thousand. He was married in 1854 to Miss Sarah J. Traber, daughter of John Traber, an early settler. They are the parents of six children, four sons and two daughters. He was one of the organizers and the first president of the Second National Bank, of Hamilton, resigning the position afterwards. He has recently purchased the Peter Schwab mansion on Second Street, and is renovating and redecorating it.

City Government

For a long time the citizens of both Hamilton and Rossville had perceived the vital necessity which existed for a union, and the project was taken up seriously and moved to a successful completion in 1854. Ordinances of annexation were passed by the common councils of both villages, and at an election held on the first Monday of April, in the year just mentioned, the question, and the consolidation soon after became a fixed fact. The mayors of Hamilton before that event had been, about 1834, Ezekiel Walker, Richard Easton, and Jonathan Pierson; about 1842 to 1846, M. P. Alston; about 1851, David G. Leigh, James Daugherty, John S. Wiles, and Robert Hargitt. Since the union they have been Robert Hargitt, John §, Wiles, Ransford Smith, Daniel Longfellow, who served three terms and died in oflice ; A. C. Stephenson, who served out two terms and the

The city is now under the government of a mayor and common council. It is divided into five wards, the last having been erected within the year, and has ten councilmen. They elect a clerk and sergeant-at-arms. All city officers hold their positions for two years. The mayor has jurisdiction as a justice of the peace, and has, in addition, power to enforce the city ordinances. He takes part in the deliberations of the common council, but has no vote. He is the chairman of the newly elected body until its organization. The police are appointed by the mayor, with the confirmation of council. The latter appoint a market master, city solicitor, city clerk, street commissioner, marshal, who, by virtue of his office, is chief of police, and chief of the fire department. The department is paid. There are three engine houses, three steamers, and a hook-and-ladder company. Of the police there are a captain and fourteen men.

The valuation of the city is $5,500,000, and the rate of taxation is twelve mills on the dollar. The city debt is $25,000, which is lessening at the rate of $5,000 a

'year. There is a board of health. There are two parks, each formerly a burying-ground. The streets are wide and clean, and the town presents a handsome appearance.

John W.Erwin

No history of Hamilton would be complete that did not include the name of John W. Erwin. He was born in the State of Maryland, and came out here more than fifty years ago. When he arrived there was no railroad, no canal, and no well-constructed highway in Ohio. To these public labors he has devoted his life. He has been a civil engineer for sixty years. To him and James McBride must be attributed the first intelligent examination of the prehistoric relics of the State.

Lane Free Library

The Lane Library is the result of a gift by Clark Lane. He had long noticed the destitution of the place of his residence in some intellectual respects, and had resolved to do something to remedy the defect. But his efforts to enlist his fellow-citizens in such an enterprise proved unavailing, and he then determined to found a library himself. On some lots opposite his residence he began the erection of a handsome brick building, and when complete furnished it with books and magazines, lighted and warmed it, placed his niece in as librarian, and- paid all expenses himself. The gift was received with enthusiasm by the citizens, and the whole was finally transferred to the city, being now supported by taxation. Miss Florence Schenck is the present librarian, with Miss Laura Rodefer as assistant. The former public school library has been added to this collection, the whole now embracing about four thousand volumes,

Biographical Notes

BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES. Robert Newell Andrews, the son of William Andrews and Harriet Newell, was born September 16, 1859, in Ross Township, in this county, and was brought up on a

Spring of 1861, he came to Hamilton, and worked at milling for Tanquary & Anderson, until the Spring of 1862. He spent the year of 1862 and part of 1863 in Preble County, at work in the mill for Barnett & Whiteside. He came back to Hamilton in the Summer of 1863, and worked for John Lamb in the West Hamilton Mills. He went into the sheriff's office as deputy sheriff under A. J. Rees, in May, 1864, and remained with him until his term of office was closed. He was elected sheriff of Butler County in October, 1867, and was reelected in 1869, making a total service of four years. During his administration occurred the only execution for murder or other crime that has ever happened in this county. John Griffin was tried for the murder of Usile Prickett, and convicted at the January term of court in 1869, and was executed July 29, 1869. ,

Alfred Anderson was born in Wheeling, Virginia, February, 24, 1824. His mother, Mary Clark, was a free woman, reared from early childhood by Mrs. Ralston, the widow of an officer in the American Revolution. His father's name was Shannon, the brother of Governor Shannon, of Ohio and Kansas. When the boy was three or four years old, his mother married Robert G. H. Anderson, who not long after removed to Cincinnati. They remained there until 1832, when the Asiatic cholera compelled a hasty retreat to the small towns in the neighborhood, and the Anderson family were first in Hamilton and afterwards in Richmond. They settled permanently in this place in 1837, where Alfred has ever since lived, with the exception of twelve years spent in the South.

At the period when he first came to this city the State made no provision for the education of colored children, and he consequently never had but three months' schooling in his life. His constant study at home, with much reading, has, however, made him well acquainted with English literature, and given him a good knowledge of French and Spanish. He married the daughter of a clergyman when still a young man, who bore him nine children, and died in 1863. In 1865 he again married. Both of his unions were fortunate ones. He was enabled to send some of his children to college, and he gave them all as good a training as he could.

_ He was early identified with the anti-slavery cause. In 1843 he aided in editing the Palladium of Liberty, published in Columbus, the first newspaper attempted by the colored men in Ohio. A few years later he became interested in the Colored Citizen, of Cincinnati, and he was a regular contributor to the North Star, published by Frederick Douglass, and the Liberator, edited by William Lloyd Garrison, He prosecuted, at his own expense, a ease through the courts of Ohio, by which a large portion of the colored citizens were enabled to vote; who previously had not been allowed to exercise that privilege. He has also done much to aid those to reach a place of safety who were escaping from slavery. His name has of late been prominently spoken of for minister to Hayti, a post for which he would be well fitted. He is an agreeable and pleasant companion, an excellent raconteur, a man of keen intellect. and biting wit, and impressive and dignified carriage. His memory is excellent, his knowledge of history and politics has been sedulously cultivated, and his reasoning powers are good. He has a fine command of the mother-tongue, both in writing and speaking, and is a man of excellent private character.

Robert Jackson Bell, of Morgan Township, was born in Butler County, Ohio, May 15, 1815. His father was David and his mother Margaret Bell, who came to this county in 1809. On the 23d of November, 1848, he married Ann W. Lyle, daughter of Benjamin Lyle. She was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, June 5, 1816, and married in this county. This union resulted in David, born June 30, 1844; William H., born June 12, 1847; Francis W., born December 28, 1848; Margaret Jane Woodruff, born November 13, 1850; John Wesley, born March 18, 1853; Robert Fulton, born May 23, 1854; Washington, born December 30, 1858.

Robert J. Bell is one of the most prominent citizens of Morgan Township, as is shown by his having held the office of justice of the peace for twenty-one years. He is now a notary public. David Bell was in the War of 1812. During the year 1834 Mr. Bell's father, mother, and one sister died, in less than twenty days, of cholera. Robert Bell is an active member of the Washington Methodist Episcopal Church.

Allen Andrews

Allen Andrews was born at Muncie, Indiana, on August 11, 1849. He is a son of George L. and Margaret Andrews, and is the fifth child in a family of five sons and two daughters. His father, George L. Andrews, was a native of Connecticut. He was a graduate of Yale College, and after leaving that. institution, came West, and was one of the pioneer educators in this State and Indiana. He married Miss Margaret Rodebauch, of Dayton, Ohio, while teaching in that city. Some time afterward he remoyed with his family to Muncie, Indiana, and was in charge of the public schools there for some time, when his health becoming impaired, he removed to his farm in Jay County, Indiana, where he died, May 28, 1854, from the effect of ceived some months before in a mill. | Margaret Rodebauch, who became the wife of George L. Andrews, was the daughter of Adam Rodebauch. Her great-grandfather, Adam Rodebauch, came from Germany about the middle of the eighte and settled in Pennsylyania.

years old, and resides at Lancaster, Indiana. When the. civil war commenced, her two elder sons, John and William, enlisted under President Lincoln's first call for troops, and served the Union cause till the close of the war.

In the early part of 1868, her next two sons, Furman and Allen, tendered their services in answer to the call for volunteers. The former was accepted, went with Sherman's army on its march to the sea, and was discharged after peace was restored ; the latter was rejected on account of his youth, and remained at home to care for his widowed mother and the other members of the broken family. After the close of the war, Allen Andrews applied himself to study, having already enjoyed the advantages of the very excellent common school system of the State of Indiana. He engaged in teaching in 1867, previously having been a student at the National Normal, at Lebanon, Ohio. He is a graduate of Liber College, Indiana, and was selected by the faculty to deliver the valedictory address to the graduating class. He was superintendent of the public schools of New Madison, Ohio, during the years of 1871 and 1872.

He read law with the Hon. William Allen, late of Greenville, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court of Ohio, March 16, 1874, and on May 25, 1874, associated himself with J. K. Riffel in the practice of his profession, in Greenville. He removed from that place to Hamilton on February 29, 1876, and engaged in practice in this county. He was in partnership with J- C. MecKemy from January, 1877, to October, 1880, when the firm was dissolved. On October 18, 1880, he associated himself with H. L. Morey and J. KE. Morey, under the firm name of Morey, Andrews & Morey. -

Hamilton, Ohio, by his first wife, whose maiden name was Blair. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and also a member of the Masonic order. He is the W. M. of Washington Lodge, No. 17, Free and Accepted Masons, in which position he has acted for the last three years.

Frank X. Black, manufacturer of paper-mill machinery, was born in Hamilton, in 1848, He is the son of Peter P. and Mary A. Black. He was married, April I4, 1874, to Henrietta C. Hurm, daughter of Philip J. and Anna Stacia Hurm. She was born in Hamilton in 1848, They have three children. Louisa i. was born May 19, 1875; George F., March 9, 1879; and Frank J., December 9, 1879.

In 1872 he was urged by the paper-makers of' this valley to start in the roll-grinding business, and enable them to get their calender rolls reground without shipping them East, which caused extended delays and great outlays for freight. He visited the shops of J. Morton - Poole, Wilmington, Delaware, where he found it neces- sary to learn the grinding business before they would furnish him with the machine. He accordingly began with them, and worked for one dollar per day until he was told he was competent enough to take charge of the grinder, when he was furnished with one. The firm continued to grind rolls until 1876, when the firm was changed to Black & Clawson, and to the grinding business they added other branches, until they began the manufacture of complete machines for making all kinds of paper. They now are making a specialty of this class of work.

Joseph Burkart, who is a carriage-blacksmith, was born in Cincinnati, June 10, 1850. He is the son of John and Pauline Burkart, natives of Germany.

Henry Beardsley was born in Fairfield County, Connecticut, April Tis 1812. His parents were Abram and Hannah (Raymond) Beardsley, who died in Connecticut. Mr. Beardsley learned the trade of a hatter, and came out to Ohio, settling here in 1836, on the 20th of June. He has followed manufacturing and dealing in hats. He has been married three times. First, in 1840 to Isabella Gibson; second, in 1847 to Laura O'Connor, and the last time in Batavia, Ohio, to Sarah E. Moore. The last is a daughter of John B. Moore, of Clermont County. He has had five children. Emma (Mrs. F. Martindell), was born in 1847; William Henry, in 1850; Abbey Jane, in 1852; Edward Moore, in 1858, and George in 1863. Edward is a physician, and lives in San Francisco, and George resides in the same place. Mr. Beardsley was a member of the school board for about five years, from 1856 to 1861, the First Ward building being erected about that time. He was also a member of the common council for about four years, from 1846 to 1850. The right of way was given to the railroad during - that time. During the late war Mr. Beardsley was a member of the military committee of this county. He went into business upon his arrival here, and has been in it ever since. He is now the oldest merchant in trade in the town.

Dr. John R. Brown is the grandson of Joseph Brown and his wife Margaret, who came here from Virginia about 1797, and about the beginning of the century loeating in Rossville. In August, 1800, their son, Israel Brown, was, born in that town, and in the Winter of 1801 Mr. Brown died. Eighteen months afterwards his widow married again. Her new husband was John Thompson. In 1804 their son, Joseph Magie Thompson, was born - the year of the great freshet which made the New River. Israel Brown left Butler County at an early age, going to Hamilton County, where he learned the trade of a carpenter. He was three times elected to the Legislature, and was a member of the State Board of Equalization from the day it was formed till the date of his death, which occurred December 16, 1860. He married, in Hamilton, Jane Robinson, who still survives at the age of eighty-two, and resides a quarter of a mile from her old home. They had several children, the only one of whom now living in Hamilton is John R. Brown. At the time Mr. Brown moved to Hamilton County his mother and step-father, John Thompson, remained here, where their two children were born. Joseph Magie Thompson, as is said above, was born March 10, 1804. No record exists of Daniel. Mr. Thompson enlisted in the War of 1812 three times, serving throughout the entire struggle. He was captured seven times by the British, and on one occasion was taken with six others. They were given several days in which to swear allegiance to the king of Great Britain, four of the party finally consenting. Mr. Thompson, however, was made of sterner stuff, and, with two others, refused to do this, and resolved to escape, which they did. They were three days without any thing to eat, but finally managed to reach the American lines. He was Scotch by birth, as was also his wife, and was a man of wealth for those times, and a prominent pioneer. He died in Hamilton about 1816, his widow surviving him many years. She died in 1862, aged eighty-seven years.

Of his children, Daniel is now residing in Richmond, Indiana, and Joseph Magie married, March 8, 1826, Mary Ann Messick, who was born February 10, 1807, in Delaware. They had six children. Theodore was born September 10, 1827, and died in Memphis in 1879. He was a captain of the One Hundred and Seventy-second Regiment, O. V. I., in the late war, under Colonel Luzbeek. Alonzo H. was born May 10, 1829, and resides in Hamilton. He was a soldier of the late war, in Company H, Eleventh Missouri V. I., and _ served through most of the struggle. He was wounded several times, and at the battle of Atlanta was so badly injured that he was discharged, crippled for life. Freeman B. was born July 29, 1831, and is now a resident of Hamilton. Miles L. was born October 26, 1833, and lives at Columbus, Indiana. He is married. Martha J. was born May 27, 1836, and is the wife of A. J. Gaither, and lives in Jersey County, Illinois. Joseph W. was born September 7, 1838, living at East Memphis, Tennessee, and is married.

Joseph M. Thompson was for many years a prominent citizen of Port Union, Union Township, holding several township offices, and died in Columbus, Indiana, on the 7th of March, 1878, his wife dying March 31, 1874. His son, Colonel Freeman B. Thompson, was married on the Ist of July, 1856, to Mary Ann Beatty, daughter of James Beatty. She was born in Butler County, September 24, 1839, and died April 14, 1879. They have had eight children. William B. was born June 5, 1857, and is married, living in Fairfield Township. Ida May was born April 5, 1859, and is the wife of James M. Earp, a resident of Hamilton. Mary Ella was born March 17, 1863, and is the wife of Elva Thompson. She lives in Hamilton. Frankie Luella was born July 2, 1865; Lillie Leona, June 1, 1868 ; moved to Shelby County, Illinois, many years a prominent farmer, holding many offices of honor. Among others he was sheriff for six years, and was elected colonel of the One Hundred and Fourteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He returned to Hamilton, Butler County, on the 10th of November, 1880, and still resides here.

James M. Earp was born in Wilkes County, North Carolina, December 23, 1850, and was married May 31, 1877, in Shelby County, Illinois, to Miss Ida May, daughter of Colonel Freeman B. Thompson. They have two children. Mary Ellen was born April 6, 1878, in Shelby County, Illinois, and Lillie Mary was born March 18, 1880, in Butler County. Mr. Earp came here from Illinois in 1879, and settled in Union Township, where he resided on Mr. James Beatty's farm, removing in 1880 to Hamilton. In May, 1881, he began business in West Hamilton as a hatter and dealer in gentlemen's furnishing goods.

William Bruck was born in Hamilton, November 14, 1848, and is the son of J. P. and Mona (Kline) Bruck. He received a fair education in private schools in Hamilton, and when thirteen began learning the trade of printer, in an office conducted by his father. He worked as a journeyman in Cincinnati and Indianapolis until 1876. He was chosen as policeman that year, and served for four years. In the Spring of 1881 he was elected city marshal, a position that he still occupies. Mr. Bruck was married in July, 1869, to Miss Barbara K., daughter of John Musch. They are parents of two sons, William L. and Edward. They are members of St. John's Lutheran Church. He is a member of the Knights of Honor.

Owen C. Brewer was born in Liberty Township, Butler County, February 4, 1851, being the younger son of Peter K. and Mary (Flenner) Brewer, the former a native of Maryland, where he was born in 1809. He came to Ohio in 1831, settling on the place in Liberty Township, where he spent the\remainder of his days. He was married in 1837 to a daughter of David Flenner, and reared a family of five children, all living and residents of this county. He was a successful farmer, dying September 1,1871. His wife, who was born in 1807, is still living, at the age of seventy-four.

Owen C. Brewer was educated in the public schools until he was eighteen years of age, being brought up to farming, and then engaged in teaching for some four asc B In 1872 he was appointed to a position in the auditor's office, and in 1873 was made a deputy auditor, holding that position until June, 1874, when he received the appointment of secretary of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphan Home, at Xenia, with W. D. Kerr as superintendent. While there Messrs. Kerr and Brewer introduced the industrial branches, which made the institution self-sustaining. He was there until the end of Governor Allen's term, when he returned to Hamilton, there acting as a clothing salesman until March, 1882, when he began the clothing trade in his present location.

Mr. Brewer was married, in 1875, to Miss Diana Stark, of Xenia. They have two children, Paul K. and Earl C. Mrs. Brewer is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Brewer is a member of the Knights ot Pythias, and also of the Knights of Honor. He was elected a member of the board of education from the Fourth Ward, in 1879, and re-elected in 1881, both times without opposition. He was clerk of the board for two years and a half, and became its president in April, 1882.

Charles Beck, Jr., was born in Venice, in this county, June 8, 1845. He is the son of Charles and Theresa Beck, natives of Wellenberg, Germany. He attended the common schools in the country, and afterwards in Hamilton. He began at fourteen to learn the shoemaker's trade with his father, and was at this for eight years. He then began clerking in his father's store, and afterwards attended the Business College in this place. In 1859, he began business in the boot and shoe trade, which he continued till 1879. He has been trustee of his ward, and overseer of the poor. In 1876, he was elected infirmary director for the county, and again in 1879, acting as clerk of the board. He is a Democrat in belief, and a member of the Catholic Church. He was married on the 14th of September, 1869, to Catherine Tabler, daughter of Henry and Catherine Tabler, of Hamilton, both now being dead. He has four living children and three dead. Charles Henry, Clara C., William A., and Frank C. are the names of those living.

John Frederick Bender was born in Germany, September 28, 1830. He is the oldest son of F. W. and Catherine Bender, and was instructed in the government schools. He learned the trade of a carpenter from his father, and remained employed at that till he was twenty-one. He was conscripted in the Prussian army in 1851, and served three years, and on the expiration of his term; followed his parents and family to America, in the Spring of 1855, coming direct to Hamilton. He assisted his father in laying the foundation of the present business, of which he is the head. Mr. Bender married in March, 1857, Miss Mary Elizabeth Hardegen, born in Germany. They have a family of two daughters and one son. They are members of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Bender enlisted in the One Hundred and Sixty-seventh Ohio National Guard, of which regiment he was major under Colonel Moore. He served out his term, and was mustered out at Hamilton in 1864.

Jacob Bender was born in Prussia, August 18, 1837. He is the son of F. W. and Catherine (Diehl) Bender. He was educated in the public schools in Germany, and brought up to farming until coming to America with his parents in 1853. His first location was in Cin- cinnati, where he was one year, coming up to Hamilton in 1854. He received something of an English education after arriving in this country, and worked at the carpenter's business for some time. He began to learn the trade of hatter in 1856, serving an apprenticeship of four years with Henry Beardsley, with whom he afterwards worked as a journeyman. He was in his employment until enlisting in 1864, in the hundred-day troops. He served out his full term of enlistment, in West Virginia, and returned home and was mustered out at its close. He resumed his former situation on his return, and remained with Mr. Beardsley until July, 1870, when he began business for himself. He is doing an extensive trade in hats, caps, furs, gloves, umbrellas, ete. He is a member of the Zion Lutheran Church. Jacob Boli was born in Germany, December 30, 1819, and was educated in Germany. When young, he learned his father's trade, that of a baker, and worked at it as journeyman for some time, coming to America in 1838. He just escaped conscription. He first located at Massillon, Ohio, where he was employed as a baker and confectioner for two years, and then going to Cincinnati. He was married there about 1842, and is the father of ten children, only two of whom are living. L. A. Boli, who was born January 16, 1846, is a well-known merchant of Hamilton, and Caroline, born April 10, 1849, is the wife of Alexander Dilg, a resident of this place. After marriage he went to Indiana, and engaged in farming, then going to Louisville, Kentucky, where he remained ten years in the grocery trade. In May, 1855, he came to Hamilton, beginning the grocery trade on the west side, and coming to his present location on Front Street about 1860. He is now doing a prosperous business in general family groceries, and is a large owner of real estate. He is a member of St. John's Lutheran Church. William E. Brown was born in Xenia, Ohio, on the 13th of November, 1825. His father was a mechanic of moderate means, and his son was obliged to obtain an education by his own exertions. He was early taught to labor, and at the age of seventeen was in Northern Mississippi as a tramping journeyman shoemaker. He subsequently passed eighteen months in New York City. At the age of twenty-one he commenced the study of law in Xenia. He completed his preparatory legal studies in Dayton, and was admitted to the bar on the 29th of March, 1849. The following Spring he settled in Hamilton, with very little money. Up to this time he had worked at his trade to pay expenses. Before the expiration of his first year's practice in Hamilton, he had business enough to support himself. He married the daughter of Robert Beckett in 1852. In 1855 he was elected an elder in the United Presbyterian Church of Hamilton. He gave up the practice of law for a while on account of impaired health, but afterwards resumed it. He was elected president of the Second National Bank of Hamilton in 1870. Under his able management this institution has nearly trebled its business. It was, in a great measure, through his advice and direction that the handsome building of this bank was built. The Second National Bank of Hamilton is

John C. Barealow, the landlord of the Central House, was born in this county April 11, 1830. His parents were John and Nancy Barcalow, both now dead. He was married in Warren County on the 29th of October, 1851, to Elizabeth A. Emley, daughter of David and Sarah Emley. She is a native of Warren County. Mr. and Mrs. Barcalow have had twelve children. Anna E. Schaffer was born April 24, 1855; Ada E. Spitler, August 15, 1856; Georgetta, July 11, 1858; David E., May 15, 1860; Kate E., May 12, 1862; John B., March 4, 1864; C. M., November 17, 1866; Sallie E., January 3, 1869; Harry and Carrie, March 31, 1871; Louraine R., July 31, 1873, and Richard E., September 10, 1875. Mr. Barcalow was a member of Company E, One Hundred and Fifty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served in the hundred days' call in West Virginia without hearing a gun fired.

John Bender was born in Prussia, December 13, 1848. He is the son of F. W. and Catherine (Diehl) Bender, who came to this country in 1853, bringing their son with them. He was a carpenter by trade, arriving in Hamilton in 1854, and worked at this till about 1865, when he organized the firm of F. W. Bender & Sons, purchasing the property where his sons are, and also the planing mill of Miller & Campbell. For a short time the firm was Bender & Brown. He reared a family of twelve children, eight sons and four daughters, all residents of Hamilton. He was a successful man, and by the aid of his sons laid the foundation of a large and successful business. He was a member of the Evangelical Protestant Church. His death occurred on the 20th of October, 1867. The business was continued under the firm name of J. F. Bender & Brothers, the members being J. F., E., F. W., H., and John. The latter was educated in the common schools in Hamilton. In 1864 he attended one term at the commercial college in Cincinnati. He was in the employment of John Stilwaugh for some two years, and then entered the business of his father and brother in 1865. He takes charge of the office and financial matters, the rest of the firm being all practical mechanics. He also does the estimating and contracting. Mr. Bender was married in 1873 to Miss Lena Morton, and is the father of three children - J. F., Matilda P., and Elsie. They are attendants of the Zion Lutheran Church.

Mrs. Jane Betz was born in Morgan Township, March 27, 1812, being the daughter of David and Margaret (Rainey) Bell. David Bell settled in Morgan Township at an early day. He was a native of Pennsylvania, and Mrs. Bell of Ireland. They reared five children, two of whom are living, Robert J. and Mrs. Betz. Mr. and Mrs. Bell died in 1834, from cholera. Their daughter was educated in the common schools, and was at home till the death of her parents. She was married to Ludwick Betz about this time. Mr. Betz was then deputy auditor, under James B, Cameron, and afterwards was elected to the same position for two terms. He was also county surveyor from 1836 to 1842. He died September 2, 1847. He was a successful business man and an esteemed citizen. Mrs. Betz is a member of the Universalist Church, and has resided in Hamilton since 1835. :

Stephen D. Bowers was born in Fairfield Township, in this county, August 16, 1845, being the youngest son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Thorp) Bowers. The father was long a resident of that township, but died in September, 1845, a month after his son was horn. Mrs. Bowers, who was the daughter of C. C. Thorp, reared her family of three little children successfully, only one of them now, however, surviving. She died October 18, 1878. Stephen D. Bowers was educated at home, in the common schools. When sixteen he began learning the trade of machinist, and worked as a journeyman for two years. He was connected with a life insurance company for a year, in Cincinnati, and then traveled for a manufacturing shoe house some three or four years. April 28, 1868, he began in the boot and shoe business for himself, in a modest way, and has built up a large and valuable trade.

Mr. Bowers was married May 19, 1870, to Miss Susan Elizabeth Walton. They are the parents of two sons and two daughters - Gertrude, Cornelia, George W., and Walton S. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and of the Odd Fellows. His brother, G. W. Bowers, enlisted in the Thirty-fifth Ohio Volunteers in 1861, and was wounded at the siege of Atlanta. He died in hospital at Nashville, Tennessee, July 1, 1864. His sister Cornelia was married to Cyrus Pottenger, of Camden, Ohio, and died July 11, 1880.

L. A. Boli, jeweler, was born in Washington, Indiana, January 16, 1848, and is the only son of Jacob and Caroline Boli. He was educated in Hamilton, where he came with his parents in 1856, graduating at the high school. He was in delicate health in his youth, and _ began his present business in 1869 in a modest way. He has since learned the trade, and is now a practical jeweler, having the largest business in that line in Hamilton. He is a dealer in watches, jewelry, silverware, clocks, and optical goods. He was married on the 10th of May, 1869, to Miss Carrie Buckle, daughter of Jacob Buckle. They are the parents of five children, of whom three are living - Lewis J., Edward O., and Carrie. Mr. Boli was elected a member of the school board for the Third Ward m the Spring of 1882, and has done good work there. He is a supporter of all Christian and worthy objects,

Knights of Honor, and the American Order of United Workmen. He succeeded to the business of William E. Drayer, one of the oldest jewelers in Butler County, from whom he bought the property where his business is located. He is also one of the firm of L. A. Boli & Co., of the Miami Valley Soap Works, a new concern, doing a promising business in laundry and toilet soaps.

Peter P. Black was born in France, on the 29th of June, 1817, and was there educated. When he was thirteen he commenced an apprenticeship of three years at the blacksmith's trade, and worked as a journeyman for two years in Metz. On coming to America he located in Saugerties, New York, for some time, working in the stone-quarries for nine months, and then coming to Cincinnati, where he commenced blacksmithing on his own account, at Newtown, Hamilton County. On the 17th of August, 1841, he was married to Mary Carbel, born in Germany, October 13, 1817. Mr. and Mrs. Black are the parents of five children, of whom three are living. Frank X. is a well known manufacturer of Hamilton; F. D. is the present sheriff of the county ; and Mary is the wife of George Schroder. Mr. Black lived in Newtown some time after his marriage, being engaged as a blacksmith, but in 1844 came to Butler County, locating in Jacksonburg, and carrying on his occupation there for nine months. In the Fall of that year he came to Hamilton, where he has since been. He worked at twenty dollars per month for Isaac Tobias, for three years, and then began as a manufacturer of plows. In 1856 and 1857 he organized the firm of Long, Black & Alstatter, manufacturers of reapers, mowers, etc. This firm existed until 1872, since which time he has led a retired life.

Edgar A. Belden, attorney and counselor-at-law, was born in Hamilton, November 28, 1855. He is the son of Samuel C. and Mary (Fitton) Belden, and was educated in the schools of Hamilton, graduating at the high school in 1872. He then engaged in the insurance business in Cincinnati for five years, but in 1879 began reading law in the office of Thomas Millikin. He was admitted to the bar in February, 1881, and immediately began practice in Hamilton. He is connected with the Methodists, and is the president of the Irving Literary Club, a pleasant and agreeable society.

Charles Beck, senior, was born in Germany on the 15th of February, 1812. He was educated in Germany, and became an apprentice to the shoemaker's art in Vienna in 1825, serving three years. He worked asa journeyman in Prague for some time, and was in the army for six years, from 1832 to 1838. When discharged he left Germany, and arrived in America January 4, 1839, where he was married on the 3d of February, 1839, to Theresa Stark, who was born in Germany, December 25, 1808. They were the parents of eight children, of whom four are living. Henry E. is a resident of Hamilton ; Harriet is the wife of A. Winter, of this place ; Charles,

Jr., is also a well-known resident, and Katy is the wife of Alexander Getz. Mr. Beck arrived in Ohio in the Spring of 1839, coming direct to Hamilton, still employed at shoemaking, and residing in Venice for some eight years. He then engaged in farming, purchasing a place in Ross Township, and staying there for eight years. In Hanover Township he was one year, returning to Hamilton in 1857, and beginning mercantile business in 1859. In 1860 he entered the firm of Beck & Winter, keeping a general store. Of late he has been out of business. He is a member of the Roman Catholie Church.

Christian Brady was born in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, October 13, 1812, coming to Ohio with his parents in the same year. They settled in Reily Township. He is the oldest son of Joseph and Mary (Shipman) Brady. The father was a pioneer, and raised a large family of twelve children, six of whom are living. Christian was educated in the common schools in Reily Township, and was brought up to farming until he was twenty-one years of age, when he began learning the carpenter's trade. At this he worked for eleven years, then purchasing a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in that township. He was married in 1844 to Maria, daughter of Benjamin Sortman. They are the parents of two children, one now living, Ada, the wife of Dr. J. B. Scott. and engaged in the grocery business for two years, afterwards leading a retired life until December, 1881. In company with his brother-in-law, D. Sortman, he began the manufacture of grain cradles. the Christian Church.

William Barton Carr was born in Hanover Township _in 1848, being the son of John W. and Elizabeth J. Carr. He attended the common schools, afterwards going to Otterbein University and the Miami University, and also received a commercial education at the college in Hamilton. He was married in 1872 to Clara Brown, daughter of William E. Brown and Mary Beckett. They have had four children. Bessie was born in 1873, Maynard in 1876, Mary in 1880, and William Everett in 1881. He is a member of the United Presbyterian Church. His occupation is that of the proprietor of a flouring-mill. His great-grandfather was in the Revolutionary War, and his grandfather in the War of 1812.

Mrs. Jane Hudson Corwin was born in Mourne, County Down, Ireland, October 6, 1809, and came to this country with her father, the Rev. James McMcchan, in the Autumn of 1817, taking up her residence in this town in the Spring of 1818. She was thoroughly instructed by her mother and older sister, and was possessed of great beauty and attractive manners. April 15, 1829, she was married by the Rev. Dr. MacDill to Jesse Corwin, one of the leading members of the Hamilton bar. This pair of generous and genial people kept ,« hospitable home for many years in this city, which was a pleasant resort for their many friends, and those of them who still survive will recall with grateful memories the cordial civilities of their departed hosts. Eight children were born to them, only three of whom are living. Thomas Corwin, one of her sons, rushed to the defense of the country when attacked by rebels, and in April, 1861, joined the Third Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Mrs. Corwin united with the Associate Reformed Church in 1840, and sat under the preaching of the Rev. Messrs. MacDill and Davidson for many years. She was naturally a believer in the truths of religion, and gave them her unquestioning assent. In both prose and poetry she wielded a facile pen, and her productions were warmly received by her friends. She was a welcome contributor to the newspapers, and five or six years ago gathered her verses from their files, added a few new ones, and published them in book form, entitling them 'The Harp of Home." Her death occurred March 6, 1881. Few have left behind them more friends to lament their loss.

Leroy D. Brown, superintendent of the schools of Hamilton, was born November 3, 1848, in what is now Noble County, Ohio. He is the son of Jeremiah B. and Isabella (Harris) Brown. He attended district school until the age of fifteen, from three to six months each year. Each school was provided, by legislative enactment, with a library, and during his boyish days Brown read every volume in the list. His choice was for biography, history, and travels. He was obliged to labor the rest of the year. When fifteen, having been unable to obtain the consent of his father to enlist, he ran away, and entered Company H, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio. This was in January, 1864. He remained in the service until the close of the war. He was in the Shenandoah Valley, and saw service under Siegel, Hunter, Crook, and Sheridan in this department, and afterward was in the Army of the James, near Richmond. When discharged he was the general's orderly.

After returning home he was in the district school, and afterward in a high school at Seneca, Ohio. He began his career as a teacher on December 3, 1866, in a district adjoining the one in which he had lived in boyhood. In April, 1867, he entered Mount Auburn Academy, where he in part fitted for college, and in 1869 joined the preparatory department of the Ohio Wesleyan University, from which he was afterward graduated. He taught in Noble County during the greater part of 1872 and 1873, and was also county examiner. In 1873 he took charge of a graded school at Newport, and was afterward made superintendent. In 1874 he was in charge of the public schools at Belpre, and in 1876 he was made superintendent of the schools of Eaton, Preble County. 'This position he filled until 1879, when he was elected superintendent of the schools of Hamilton and has since been re-elected. He is the secretary of the State Association, and a writer in edu- the Cincinnati University. He was admitted to the bar +n 1878. He married November 28, 1878, Esther Emma Gabel, daughter of Lucian and Mary A. Gabel. The father is an architect and builder, and now resides in Hamilton. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have one boy, Thomas Pollok Brown, who is about three years of age. Mr. Brown is a Mason, and a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. ;

Torrence Edgar Crider was born in Madison Township, May 26, 1856, being the son of Abraham and Dorcas Smith Crider. His father was of Pennsylvania, and his mother of Scotch-Irish descent. He went to school until 1869, then beginning to work at telegraphing, which he had learned in leisure hours. He obtained a situation in Middletown, and was afterwards at various places in the employment of the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton Road. He then received an appointment in the auditor's office, under S. B. Berry, in April, 1878, and has remained there ever since, being reappointed by J. B. Hughes. Since being in that office he has learned surveying, and has made several elaborate maps. One series, covering the whole of the county, was executed for the county commissioners, and was a beautiful piece of work. He is an ardent Democrat, and takes great interest in political affairs. He was nominated for county surveyor in August, 1882. He was married December 24, 1879, to Mattie H. Overpeck, daughter of David and Rachel Overpeck, and has two children.

Augustus H. Cisle was born in Mount Pleasant, Hamilton County, August 18, 1847. He is the oldest son of Thomas J. and Mercy (Seward) Cisle. With his parents he removed to Preble County in 1856. He attended school in these two counties, and afterwards in Morning Sun Academy, until 1863, when he enlisted in Merrill's Horse Regiment, and was with that command in the Missouri campaign, also being in Arkansas, and at the battle of Nashville. He served until after the close of the war, being mustered out at Nashville, Tennessee, September 15.1865. Returning to civil life, Mr. Cisle located in Hamilton in November of the same year, beginning an apprenticeship at the trade of blacksmithing at the establishment where he now is junior partner, then M. Shipley & Co. After acquiring the trade he was placed in charge of the shop as foreman, and continuing in that capacity till becoming a partner, in 1879. The firm name is now Millikin & Cisle, and the members are R. B. Millikin and A. H. Cisle. They are the successors to the Hamilton Plow Company, and employ on the average thirty-five men. Mr. Cisle was married on the 3d of July, 1872, to Miss Amanda Walton. They are the parents of one daughter, Susie Mercy, born October 30, 1876. Mr. Cisle is a member of the Knights of Pythias.

is the fourth of ten children of Joseph Cornell and Elizabeth Beeler. He was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, February 1, 1833. The father was a native of Pennington, New Jersey, and the mother was born in Hamilton County. The father came to Ohio in 1816, with his father, when seventeen years old. He was a schoolteacher, John B. Weller being one of his students. John B. Cornell was educated in a log school-house, and at college in Cincinnati, but on account of his health, withdrew at the age of twenty-one. He taught school a year and a half. He then went into Dr. Peck's private bank as book-keeper till 1861, when the bank suspended. In February, 1862, he engaged as book-keeper with Gwyn & Campbell, in a gun manufactory which made government carbines. In August, 1865, the First National Bank was organized, and he was made assistant cashier. In April, 1864, he became cashier, a position he has ever since held. In 1878, he engaged in the ice business and has been president of the Lake Erie Ice Company since that date, in company with 8S. D. Fitton, its founder. He cast his first vote for Chase, as governor, and has been a Republican and Abolitionist all his life. He has been active in politics. He has been a Mason for many years, and was for some time secretary of his lodge in Sharonville.

Mr. Cornell was married April 9, 1857, to Miss Phebe F. Hageman, of Sharonville, Hamilton County, the daughter of Adrian and Mary Hageman. She died May 24, 1864, leaving two children, Carrie, born October 18, 1859, and Charles, born September 7, 1861. Carrie has spent the year in Berlin, studying the languages and music. The son is a book-keeper in the bank. Mr. Cornell was again married on the 18th of April, 1866. One child, John, was born October 18, 1869. With his two oldest children, Mr. Cornell went to Europe in 1881, taking a tour through the principal cities, and going as far south as Rome and Venice.

J. H. Carle, who was born in Butler County, June 6, 1841, is the only son of Pierson and Hannah (Scudder) Carle. Pierson Carle was born in this county in 1815, and was the son of Thomas Carle, a pioneer of this neighborhood, who settled, in 1802, in Madison Township, close to what was afterward known as Ball's Ferry. Pierson Carle was a carpenter by trade, and lived in Trenton. He was a grain buyer, and came to Hamilton in 1865. He continued the grain business here until about 1870, when he organized the firm of P. Carle & Co., purchasing the Miami Canal Flouringmills, and ¢arrying them on for the remainder of his life, enlarged and improved. He was a successful business man, and raised a family of one daughter and one son, the former being the wife of J. H. Williamson, of Milford Township. He died October 7, 1878.

J. H. Carle was educated in the common schools in Madison Township and assisted his father in purchasing grain. After the mill was bought he became a partner, and after the death of his father was the head of the firm, which consists of himself and William Anderson. The mill is an extensive one, and with a much increased capacity within the past two years, making a superior brand of flour, and supplying a demand that exists in Richmond, Virginia, and New England. It is the most extensive flouring-mill in Hamilton.

Mr. Carle was married April 13, 1865, to Miss Dorcas, daughter of Samuel Young, a former well known resident of Milford Township. They are the parents of one son, Charles C., born May 10, 1869. Mrs. Carle is a member of the Presbyterian Church. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Thirty-fifth Ohio, and was in the battles of Mill Springs, Pittsburg Landing, and Stone River. Through an accident he lost his left eye, and was discharged from the service. He re-enlisted in the One Hundref and Sixty-seventh, and served in West Virginia for four months, his full term, and was mustered out in the Fall. After this he was a resident of Anderson, Indiana, for some seven years, buying grain for P. Carle & Son.

Dr. John Cass was born in Westfield, Chautauqua County, New York, June 16, 1832. He is the son of Joseph and Jane (Dickson) Cass. When nineteen, he graduated from the Westville Academy, and afterwards, as well as before, taught school. He had also read medicine, beginning his books in the office of Dr. Levi A. Cass, in Westfield, and continued in that for one year. He then entered the Long Island Medical College, where he remained till he graduated from it in June, 1857. He commenced to practice in Thirteenth Street, New York, staying -there some four years, coming to Ohio in 1861, where he purchased a drug store in the northern part of the State. Before arriving in Ohio he had taken two courses of lectures at Bellevue Medical College, graduating at that institute in 1863. He did a successful business in the drug line for some time, also practicing his profession. He then sold his drug store, locating afterwards in Massillon, Ohio, for four years, coming to Hamilton in September, 1877, and at once beginning practice, which is now extensive.

The doctor was married December 22, 1858, to Miss Marianne Parker, of New Hampshire, and has had two sons, Daniel and Harry G., who are living with their father. Mrs. Cass died December 10, 1872. He was again married on the 27th of September, 1876, at St. Timothy's Episcopal Church, Massillon, Ohio, to Miss Florence A. Bucher. They were the parents of one daughter, Florence B., who was born April 19, 1878. Mrs. Cass died April 24, 1878. He adheres to the Episcopal Church, and has been active in its behalf. He has belonged to the Masonic order for some twentythree years, and is.a member of the city board of health.

James E. Neal, ex-speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives, was born in Hamilton, November 21, 1846. He is the son of James A. Neal and M. Giffen.

He attended the common schools of Hamilton, and afterward enjoyed a collegiate education. He read law with Robert Christy, in this city, and was admitted to the bar in 1868, immediately beginning practice. As a lawyer, his success has been great. He is now one of the attorneys for the New York, Chicago, and St. Louis Railroad. Soon after being admitted to the bar, he was chosen by the Democracy of this district as their candidate for the Legislature, and was triumphantly elected, serving two years as a member on the floor and two years as speaker, ending his term in 1870. He was the youngest speaker the House ever had, and proved an adept in parliamentary rules and usages. He has been lieutenantcolonel of the Fourth Regiment, Ohio National Guard. He has achieved an enviable reputation as a lawyer, legislator, and public man. He was married on the 5th of June, 1882, to Miss May B. McKinney, of Hamilton.

Michael C. Ryan was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, of which place his mother and father were natives, - in 1820, and removed to this State in 1832. He soon began his preparatory studies for Miami University, and was admitted to that school in 1855, graduating with the highest honors in 1839. During the last year of his stay in college, he, with seven others, founded the Beta Theta Pi, a Greek letter society of national reputation. He was admitted to the bar soon after leaving the academic shades. of Oxford, and became the partner of his brother-in-law, John B. Weller, who then was one of the most important men in the county. From 1848 to 1852 he was prosecuting attorney, and from 1852 to 1858 was clerk of the courts. In 1856 he was a delegate from the State of Ohio to the Democratic National Convention which met in Cincinnati that year, and which nominated James Buchanan. He was clerk of the fund commissioners of this county to distribute the surplus revenue of the United States among the various States. In November, 1847, in conjunction with O. S. Witherby, he purchased the Hamilton Telegraph, and in October, 1849, became its editor. Mr. Ryan was a Mason, having taken the degrees of knighthood, and for one term presided in the chapter. At the outbreak of the civil war he took a strong stand for the government, and was made colonel of the Fiftieth Ohio, but his death, which followed soon after, prevented him from taking any active part in the field. That occurred on the 23d of October, 1861. He was a great lover of books, and gathered a large and valuable library. He was married in 1845 to Emily Lefflar, and had three children. Sophia is now dead, Emma is Mrs. Samuel L'Hommedieu, and William is the only son. He was married in December, 1860, to a daughter of Dr. Hale, of St. Louis. The father of Colonel Ryan, Isaac Ryan, was born in Pennsylvania, and was a merchant; he married Sophia Davis, the granddaughter of a Swiss noble. Mrs. Emily Ryan was the only child of William and Margaret LefHar, also of Pennsylvania.

John E. Slayback was born in Butler County February 16, 1848, and is the son of William and Sarah A. Slayback. He attended the public schools, afterwards taking both the scientific and classical courses at the National Normal University, at Lebanon, Ohio. He spent one year in the Michigan University Law School, and one in the Cincinnati Law School. He taught school for six years, and located in Hamilton July 1, 1879, beginning the practice of the law. He is a Republican politically. He was married February 16, 1881, to Miss Irene A. Dodds, at Mason, Warren County. She is the daughter of John A. Dodds, a member of the Ohio Legislature in 1849, 1850, and 1851.

Among those whose deaths were most deeply regretted in Hamilton was Mrs. Eleanor A. Smith, the widow of Charles K. Smith. She was a daughter of the Rev. James McMechan, of Newry, County Down, Ireland, who had been regularly educated for the Presbyterian ministry at Glasgow, Scotland. Although possessed of ability as a preacher, he did not follow that calling alone, but was for many years a teacher. In April, 1800, he married Miss Margery Hudson, of Dublin, the daughter of a Quaker family, of whom a full account is given elsewhere. They lived happily together for nearly twenty years, and had six children, of whom Mrs. Smith was the eldest. They are now all dead.

Before Mr. McMechan came to this country, three brothers had settled in the Seven-Mile Valley in this county, where they left numerous and respectable descendants. He was solicited by them to come here, and sailed from Ireland in the Summer of 1817. The voyage was tedious, and lasted more than three months, but their journey was not yet ended. The Alleghanies were to be crossed, and a boat was to be taken down the Ohio River. This required six weeks longer. In the Spring of 1818 the family settled in Hamilton. The father, one of his sons, and Eleanor, at once began teaching, the latter on the north-east corner of Third and Buckeye Streets. The building was on the lot adjoining that now occupied by Lane Library, and the well from which her pupils drank is.still standing on the library lot. But Mr. MeMechan soon sickened and died, and was followed by his son William, a youth of great promise.

'Miss Ellen," as she was then known, assumed the responsibilities of the school, although she was but seventeen years of age, having been born on the 24th of June, 1801. She was the first female who ever taught in Hamilton. She proved herself equal to the situation, and the best families of the town sent their children to her to receive instruction. Among them were the names of Reily, Sutherland, Blair (two families), Millikin (three families), Wilson (three families), Hough, Greer, Davis, Kennedy, Caldwell, Murray, Monfort, Boal, Woods, Falconer, Dickey, and Cummins. After a year's residence at the location named, she removed to Ludlow Street, where her school was continued for seven years.

She was married on the 21st of November, 1827, to Charles K. Smith, then a young and rising man in the town, and destined ultimately to become a man of great distinction. The officiating clergyman was the Rev. Francis Monfort. There were nine children born of this union, of whom six survive, and except one son, are residents of this city. Her children were all carefully instructed by her, as she never considered that the knowledge derived at the schools could supersede the necessity of training on her part. Her own education had been far beyond the common, and she was well fitted for the task. She had been thoroughly grounded in the Scriptures in her youth, and always retained the sound and broad basis of religion then acquired. Not long after her marriage she united with the Associate Reformed Church, of which Dr. MacDill was pastor. To that organization she adhered until 1873, when she withdrew and became a member of the Episcopal Church. Her death occurred March 6, 1879, of chronic bronchitis. Mrs. Smith was a woman of great originality and decision of character, with manners refined and dignified, and was justly regarded as one of the most accomplished women of her day.

Ezra Potter, real estate agent, was born near Trenton, Butler County, December 10, 1810. He is the son of Samuel Maxwell and Elizabeth Coddington Potter. Samuel Maxwell Potter was born in New Jersey, in 1779, where his family had been for a long time settled. His great grandfather, Daniel Potter, purchased a tract of land one mile square, and moved up from Connecticut Farms and built a residence upon it. The town of Summit is now built on this land, in what was then Essex, but now Union County, a county since formed by detached portions of Essex and Somerset, with Elizabeth for its county-seat. Summit is a beautiful suburban town, twenty-two miles from New York, on the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad. When he was about eight years of age, his father, Russel Potter, and family, left New Jersey and settled near Morgantown, Virginia. Maxwell remained with his father until he was about twenty-two years of age, when he married Elizabeth Coddington, of Alleghany County, Maryland. He then left for the West, coming to Ohio in 1803, and purchased a tract of land now known as the Henry Sellers farm in Madison Township. There was a log-cabin upon this land, and two or three acres partially cleared when he purchased it.

He was followed by his father and mother, Russel and Rhoda Potter (his mother was before marriage Rhoda Maxwell, of New Jersey), and their other son, Levi, in 1805. They purchased a tract of land adjoining the one above described (now known as the Edward Cornthwait farm), which became the farm of Levi, and on which they all lived together and. where five of the two families died. Russel and Rhoda Potter, the parents, both died in February, 1814, with cold plague, and Levi and his wife Chloe, and their eldest daughter, Rachel, all died during the Winter of 1830, with typhoid fever. Russel Potter, of Hamilton, and Mrs. Charlotte Baird, of Trenton, are the only surviving members of the children of Levi and Chloe Potter, five of whom are dead.

Maxwell was twice married. He reared a family of eight children, seven of whom were by the first: marriage and one by the second. His first wife, Klizabeth Coddington, died in 1819. His second wife was a widow, Sally G. Squier, her maiden name being Sally Gard. She was a native of New Jersey, and a highly esteemed woman. She died in 1852. Of the eight children three only survive: William, a resident of Wayne County, Indiana; Mrs. E. Hartley, of Franklin, Warren County, Ohio, and Ezra, of Hamilton. Benjamin Potter, deceased, late of Middletown, Ohio, was the eldest of his children. The other daughters, after marriage, were Mrs. Hannah Emans, Mrs. Rhoda Morehouse, Mrs. Mary Lucas, and Mrs. Sarah A. Martin, who was the first wife of John L. Martin, now of Hamilton. Samuel Maxwell Potter died in March, 1842, at the age of sixtythree years. He was an earnest Christian, and an active member of the Baptist Church at Trenton, from the time he came to Ohio until the close of his life. His bearing was such that his influence for many years was felt in sustaining a good moral standing in the neighborhood where he lived.

Ezra Potter was born on the farm which his father purchased when he first came to Ohio. At that time there was so little land cleared and in a condition to cultivate, that it required the constant labor of father and sons to provide a living for the family. His opportunities of acquiring an education were, therefore, very limited. He remained on the farm with his father until he was twenty-three years of age, except that in the year

1830, he and two other young men formed a partnership and purchased a canal-boat which they run from Amanda to Cincinnati. It was generally freighted with whisky and flour on the down trip. The tow-path of the canal at that time would compare favorably with the swamps of Darke County. In 1834 he entered into the employment of a store-keeper in Trenton, receiving six dollars a month. At the end of ten or twelve months he purchased the stock of goods from his employer on a long credit, not having at the time fifty dollars in cash, but by good fortune and close attention to business, succeeded in paying for it, and at the end of four years sold out completely and found he had gained a handsome little sum to commence business with again.

He was twice married, first in 1835, to Mary L. Gard, daughter of the Rey. Stephen Gard, of Trenton. In February, 1841, he moved to Hamilton with his family, then a wife and two children and a nephew, E. P. Emans, whom he reared from a small boy until he was twenty-three years of age, and commenced a grocery business in a one-story frame building on the north-west corner of High and Third Streets, where J. W. Fye's grocery now is, and occupied as a dwelling the adjoining building, where Albert Kennedy lives. His term of business there was short. In a few weeks his family were all sick, and continued so with but little abatement for several months. In August, 1841, his wife died, after which he had a long continued illness at his father's house in Trenton, during which time he sold his Hamilton grocery and remained with his father's family. In 1844, he was married to Catherine Miller, daughter of Ellis Miller, who was also one of the pioneers of Butler County. He then returned to Hamilton and resumed mercantile business in the room now occupied by the Hughes Brothers.

In 1845, he induced his father-in-law, Ellis Miller, to move to Hamilton, and during that year they built a saw-mill on the hydraulic, near the north-east corner of Dayton and Lowell Streets, where the Bender Brothers' planing and flooring mill has since been erected. He then sold his interest in the saw-mill, and in 1846, built what is now known as Carr's flouring-mill, which fronts on Dayton Street and the hydraulic. This building he leased to Denman Ross and Martin Lemon, to be used by them for the purpose of spinning cotton. They did not, however, continue the business long. Mr. Ross went Kast to get information concerning the improvements made in manufacturing in his line of business, and while in Lowell was offered a large salary to engage in business there, which he accepted. This building was sold by Mr. Potter and afterwards converted into a flouring-mill. It was the first factory building erected on the east branch of the Hamilton Hydraulic.