Plymouth Township (part 3 of 6)

The factories of Shelby of today are a legion. When the Shelby plant of the United States Steel Trust was destroyed by fire on the night of June 18, many thought that Shelby had been dealt a death blow; however, if they only had taken time for thought of the numerous factories which have grown up around the tube plant, it being admitted the latter was the starter of Shelby's prosperity, it would have become very evident at once that even the loss of the tube works, although slacking for a time its onward march, would not permanently injure progressive Shelby, or Shelby of today. But why worry about the tube mill? The last sparks of the fire were hardly extinguished before the foremost of Shelby's business men were knocking at the door of the steel trust with this question on their lips, "Will you build again in Shelby?" Receiving a negative reply, they answered, 'Then we will." Subscription papers were gotten out and $250,000 was raised in Shelby of today and vicinity in short order. The rest of the $500,000 capital came easy from eastern sources who were eager to get in on the deal. They had heard of the Shelby steel plant and knew what the word "Shelby" implied. The grounds and what remained of the old plant were bought by the new independent company, and work on the erection of the buildings of the Ohio Seamless Steel Tube Company was started at once. It is only a question of a few months when the independent steel plant of Shelby will be grander.

bigger and better than ever. The old plant employed from six hundred to eight hundred men, the monthly pay roll amounting to over $40,000. T:wo thousand five hundred tons of raw material were consumed every thirty days. During the prosperous times, before the late financial depression, the plant ran twenty-four hours per day. A great deal of the government work was done by the local factory, as it had the enviable reputation of putting on the market the best tubes. The output of the plant consisted for the most part of tubes for battleships, boilers, automobile tubes, and the new plant will in every way be the equal of the old (will be built more modern, with an eye to labor saving), and its erection will certainly mean a great advancement in the progress of Shelby of today, instead of the temporary slackening which the loss of the tube plant would have meant. The same intelligent, skilled labor will be employed and there is no question but that the new modern plant will prove a money maker.

The officers of the Ohio Seamless Steel Tube Company are: President, John C. Fish; vice president, George M. Skiles; second vice president, Charles S. Hook; secretary, Howard D. Seltzer; treasurer,-James Brubaker; superintendent and general manager, A. C. Morse; directors, J. C. Fish, Charles Hook, G. M. Skiles, A. C. Morse, J. A. Seltzer, Roger Heath, Edwin Mansfield, R. P. Bricker, Charles S. Moore.

Next to the tube works, in point of number employed, comes the Shelby Electric Company and the Tungston Lamp Company, manufacturers of the celebrated Shelby useful electric light, in conjunction with the popular Tungston lamps, since the installation of the Tungston lamp will hereafter employ froin five hundred to six hundred people, which will make it a mammoth concern covering about four acres. The affairs of this institution are directly under the management of Mr. J. C. Fish, president; G. M. Skiles, vice president: W. H. Myers, secretary; W. W. Van Horn, superintendent. Mr. Fish organized the company, and to him more than to any other man is the company indebted for the large measure of success.

The Brightman Manufacturing Company, one of the largest manufacturers of shafting and shafting machinery in the world, occupies one of the finest factory buildings in the country, covering an area of nearly one hundred thousand square feet of floor space. In prosperous times the company puts out nearly one thousand tons of finished goods every month. Two hundred and fifty men are employed by the company, and all are well paid for their skilled labor. The Brightmans are a sturdy set of business men. Nineteen years ago L. H. Brightman, president of the company, and his son, Clarence W. Brightman, now secretary and treasurer, started in a room twenty by twenty feet, in Cleveland, Ohio, with little capital, no trade, but brimful of enthusiasm and latent energy, which has produced the great business structure which is theirs today. G. F. Brightman, another son, who holds the position of vice president, has been a member of the company since 1897, and both sons have been educated in the business from early youth and will make worthy successors to their father. L. H. Brightman is the inventor of every machine used in the factory. Recently he invented a nut machine which completes nuts and cuts them from bars of steel, and through this piece of mechanism the company's business has been substantially increased. Mr. Brightman has been receiving all kinds of money for the invention in question. The line of products of the factory now consists of shafting and shafting machinery, and the making of nuts of all kind.

The Shelby Spring Hinge Company occupies commodious quarters across from the Brightman works on Smiley avenue. This company has a capital stock of $60,000 and employs about one hundred and fifty men. This firm has branch houses established in New York, Boston and Chicago, and agencies in many of the principal centers in this country and Canada. The Shelby chief double acting floor hinge is the principal item of manufacture. However, they also manufacture thousands upon thousands of screen door hinges and various hardware novelties. Their twenty-five thousand square feet of floor space is taxed to its utmost capacity, and it will not be long until the firm will be absolutely compelled to build another addition. The officers of the company are: H. F. Griffith, president; J. W. Williams, vice president; J. A. Seltzer, secretary, and H. W. Steele, treasurer and manager.

The Chicago Handle Bar Company, one of the most recent acquisitions which Shelby of today has secured in the way of new manufacturing industries, has materially aided in the growth of this city. This factory gives employment to at least one hundred men. and the principal product of the plant is bicycle handle bars, equipped with stems, of which about three hundred thousand are made each vear. The plant also puts up fine steel bronzed chairs and other furniture and novelties such as seat posts for bicycles, wire furniture, consisting of tables, chairs and stools, and wall paper racks for the display of wall paper. The foreign business of the company is very extensive. Large shipments are made to Japan, Denmark, Russia, Germany, South Africa and Australia. This certainly speaks for the product of the company. F. L. Watters is the leading factor in this industry and pronounced an efficient and painstaking manufacturer. C.J. Barry is the superintendent of the above industry.

The Shelby Foundry Company is a booming industry, which promises great things to the people of Shelby. It was organized four vears ago with a capital of $10,000. The business of the company has increased rapidly, new additions added to the plant and the company now employs about one hundred men and pay out monthly $7,000 in wages. The product of the company consists of light and heavy gray iron castings and a newly patented S. S. Weavers rug hanger for the display of large room-sized rugs in department stores. Before the present hard times the concern was crowded with orders to such an extent that the company was compelled to decline further business on account of the rush they had from their regular line of customers. The officers of the company are Robert Greer, president; Philip Rosskopf, vice president, and William Wise, secretary. The genius and efforts is to a certain degree due to Robert Greer and William Wise in the great strides which the company has made in its onward march of progress.

The Sutter Furniture Company, located along the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, just north of Whitney avenue, is another of Shelby's thriving factories. The company was incorporated in 1891 with a capital stock of $50,000. Sev- enty-five men are paid good wages for their skilled labor at this factory. The product is almost entirely devoted to end extension, pedestal extensions, ordinary extension tables and kitchen cabinets. Their product is regarded as among the best made in the country and the trade is such that a customer once secured is always retained. The company have a large retail department located on West Main street. George R. Sutter is the president; H. W. Hildebrant, vice president; Fred Sutter. secretary and treasurer.

The Standard Manufacturing Company, established in 1904 with a capital stock of $10,000. has a future full of promise. At the present time the company is making three lines of washing machines, the new Shelby, the Leader and the Winner. Fifty men are employed. Their orders have been so heavy in the past that it has been with difficulty that they have kept up with the demand. Their wares are very popular not only in the East but also along the Pacific coast. Carload shipments are frequent to Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, Spokane and other western points. The officers of the company are Francis Brucker, president and treasurer; Charles L. Bushey, vice president. and M. T. Love. secretary.

The City Mills. established by Roger Heath in 1877, is one of Shelby's most thriving institutions. The mill puts out five well-known brands of flour, namely. Bon Ton, Imperial, Paragon, Climax and Moss Rose. They are recognized as the highest grade of goods in the market. Roger Heath is still the king pin. Three of his sons, Will, Bert and George, are associated with him in the business.

The Shelby Printing Company, organized in 1905, is one of the newer manufacturing institutions of the city. Their business has increased by bounds, and addition after addition has been built to the plant. The capital stock of the company is $75,000. One hundred skilled laborers are employed by this company. Its product consists mainly of sales books, duplicate, triplicate or quadruplicate devices for the rapid handling of business in establishments requiring a system of absolute certainty. This product is shipped to the four corners of the earth. The officers of the company are J. C. Fish, president: J. W. Van Horn, secretary; Henry Wentz, treasurer, and O. S. Gauch, general manager.

The Shelby Daily Globe was founded April 24, 1900, by C. S. Moore and J. C. Stambaugh. That it has been popular with its subscribers is shown by the fact that it started a little sheet about the size of a postage stamp and is now a full-fledged five-column daily with a circulation of 1,800. The plant has grown from a small building to the three-story brick block located on West Main street, now its home. It has without doubt the finest office of any

The Shelby News Company, a partnership consisting of W. L. Dickerson and M. E. Dickerson, was formed in 1897. Job printing is a specialty, receiving much of their work from outside points. Twenty-five people are employed. The plant is equipped with the most up-to-date and expensive machinery.

Abandoned Town Sites

The pioneer idea of a town site was a desirable location as to the ground, with springs of running water adjacent. But it is different now. A town locates itself, as it were, at a place convenient for traffic or for other commercial reasons. The springs of water with their copious flows determined the location of Richland's county seat, but those springs are now but little used, and some of our people do not even know of them. But Mansfield would not have grown after the "spring period" was passed had not other conditions favorable to its growth and prosperity been developed.

Then, too, there was the centrifugal theory that the marts of trade, like the dews of heaven, should be distributed over the country. Later came the centripetal idea of a tendency to the center, to the county seat, to the commercial and political metropolis. Therefore. as Mansfield grew and prospered the sountry towns went the other way.

There were exceptions, however, to this rule, and the town of Shelby is one of them from local causes: first, on account of its railroad facilities and advantages, and, secondly, by reason of its public-spirited and enterprising citizens. Bellville, another exception, was selected as a town site for its admirable location and natural advantages. and being on the State road between central Ohio-and the lakes had advantages as a stage town, which drew it sufficient trade to foster its growth until the railroad came that way. after which its continued prosperity was assured.

The first town founded in Richland county was at Beam's Mills, on the Rockyfork of the Mohican, three miles southeast of Mansfield. This town was intended for the county seat of the newlv-to-be-formed county, but within a vear or two the Beam site was abandoned and a new site selected further up the Rockvfork. That is the site of the present town of Mansfield. The change of location was made principally on account of the famous springs where Colonel Crawford's army rested in 1782. There is a tradition that Major Rogers and his Rangers also bivouacked at these springs in December. 1760. It was the water of the springs that the pioneers considered that caused the county-seat site to be permanently located here. The historical associations of the springs at that time were not much in evidence. The site of Richland county's first town and settlement is now a part of the Mentzer farm, and a farmhouse and a Grange hall mark the place of the town site of 1807.

Winchester was once a promising little village in Worthington township, this county. but its site is now cultivated as fields. The county records show that Winchester was platted March 31, 1845, but otherwise the town exists only as a memory. Winchester was situated on the west bank of the Clearfork of the Mohican river, half way between Butler and Newville.

There were several reasons why Winchester was founded, the principal one perhaps being on account of the large grist mill at that point. Another reason was that Newville, the only other town then in Worthington, was situated within a half mile of the north line of the township, which made it inconvenient as a township seat, as some men had to go nearly six miles to vote on election days. The town of Winchester was within a half mile of the township center.

The mills - then known as Calhoun's - consisted of a grist mill, a sawmill and a carding and fulling mill, around which several dwellings clustered, but the land in that immediate vicinity was too rough and uneven for a town site. Therefore the plat was made and the town founded upon a more eligible location on the opposite side of the river, where a half dozen or more houses were subsequently built, and the business of the place, in addition to the mills, increased and soon included a store of general merchandise, a blacksmith shop, a cooper shop, a shoe shop and a weaver's shop, and the village bid fair for the future.

But soon that great revolutionizer of affairs and annihilator of time and distance - the railroad - went that way and the old-time calculations of the town were upset. The Sandusky, Mansfield & Newark railroad, when extended from Mansfield to Newark. went within two miles of Winchester, and that sealed the fate of that village.

A. new town was laid out along the railroad in January, 1848, and was locally known as Spohntown, because the town was platted on Spohn's land. The town, however. was called Independence, perhaps in defiance to Bellville, six miles distant. which was supposed to be unfriendly to the new town. When the postoftice was established at Independence it was called Butler, and the first postmaster was Thomas B. Andrews. Mr. Andrews was a Democrat and he called the postoffice Butler in honor of General William O. Butler, of Kentucky, who was the candidate for vice president on the ticket with General Lewis Cass in 1848. The name of the town has since been changed to "Butler" to agree with the name of the postoffice. Butler now is a thriving village of good size and is an important shipping point on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad.

Winchester was named for Winchester, Virginia, where the Hammon family emigrated from. Winchester almost "died a bornin',"' for Independence, the railroad town, grew and prospered, while the little mill hamlet went to the wall.

The second grist mill in Richland county (Beam's being the first) was built by John Frederick Herring on the Clearfork in Perry township, afterwards known as the Hanawalt mills. Later Herring sought a new location farther down the stream in Worthington township, where he built another grist mill and founded the town of Newville in 1823.

David Herring, John Frederick Herring's youngest son, built the Winchester mills in 1840. The building was forty by sixty feet, three full stories high above the basement, and was for many years the largest frame building in Richland county. Its glebe comprised three hundred and twenty acres of section 9. Herring operated these mills successfully for a number of years, and shipped part of the products of the same by flatboats from Newville and Loudonville to New Orleans under his personal supervision. After selling his cargo in the Crescent City Herring would sail for New York, where he would buy a stock of goods; then return home via the Erie canal, the lake and stage' to Mansfield.

But in vears financial misfortune came to Mr. Herring. Having signed papers as security for a friend for a considerable amount he had to pay the same, and when he saw the disaster coming he shipped flour to a firm in Detroit and let the purchase price remain with them until the final shipment, so that he could draw the whole amount at once to pay the claim for which he was surety. But a few weeks before the stay on the paper became due the Detroit firm failed, and on account of this double misfortune Herring had to incumber his property and finally lost it all.

The Winchester grist mill building was converted into a woolen factory in about 1856, but as time was then relegating woolen mills to the past it only had a run as such a few years, and the building now stands as a relic of change and of passing time. The head-race was quite long. After leaving the dam some distance it widened into a reservoir, at the lower end of which was a "spill," and between that and the mill the race resumed a canal-like channel. Between the reservoir and the river there is an island field of about five acres, and it was from this island that persons had to be rescued in canoes at the time of the Victoria flood in 1838. .

The old-time settlers of that locality, like those of other places, have passed away. and old-time affairs are held in bad repute by the ''smart sets" of today. It is a pleasant relief to turn at times from the styles of today to the old-fashioned ways of former years. Old-fashioned women! God bless them; ves, He has always blessed them. They never attempted to improve upon the teachings of St. Paul. They never clamored to vote, not even for members of the school board. It was ''woman" and "wife" then; it is ''lady" now.

An old English story states that the wife of a bishop once called at the rectory of a country parish. The servant announced that "The bishop's lady has called." The vicar innocently inquired. "Is she the bishop's lady or the bishop's wife?"

A girl once called at a house in answer to a want ad and inquired, 'Are you the women who advertised for a lady to do housework?" Innovations are sometimes made at the expense of good taste.

It is said that the eves of the pioneer maiden were like those of a child, being expressive of satisfaction of home life. Cynics claim that now women lose that child-like expression after they get into society; that social artifice, affectation and insatiate vanity that modern life encourages soon do away with the pellucid clearness and steadfastness of the eye; that that beautiful expression which, though so rare nowadays, is infinitely more bewitching than all the bright arrows of coquetry that flash from the glances of even well-bred

Octororo was once a promising little village in Monroe township, with a church, a grist mill, a store and a hotel, and a number of residences, but a rival town (Lucas) was platted up the Rockyfork, scarcely a mile distant, and Octororo quietly passed away, leaving only a little cemetery to mark the locality where the town once stood.

Six Corners, locally called ''Pinhook,'"' was another little town which bid fair in the early 50s to make a place of some importance. Its site was also in Monroe township on the road leading from Lucas to Perrysville. It was situated at the crossing of three roads, making six corners. The town in 1852 contained a Masonic temple, a church, a store, a wagon shop, a blacksmith shop, a shoe shop and a number of dwellings, and also had a postoffice. The Masonic lodge, however, for which the Masonic building was erected was never instituted and the building was used for other purposes. After a few years' existence some of the buildings went up in smoke and others down in decay, leaving but a few buildings today on the old town site. The location is a commanding one, affording a good view of the Blackfork valley and the Miffin hills, and upon a fair day the old village of Petersburg, now called Mifflin, can be seen nestling upon the Ruffner plateau, six miles away.

Salem, in Cass township, was founded in 1830. Two churches were built and a store and shops were opened. But the place never succeeded as a town, as the Cleveland & Columbus railroad was soon built through the township, but the road ran too far west of Salem to be of any benefit to the town, but it had the opposite effect and caused a new town to be platted a mile west of the original Salem. The new site was called Salem Station. Later it was decided that the location of Salem Station was too low and swampy, and another site was selected farther south, where a fine village now called Shiloh was soon built up. The Salem of old is a town no more. A church building is still on the old site, and several farmhouses are near. The location being at the crossing of the road leading from Planktown to Huron, running north and south, with the section line road running east and west; also a third road which obliques to the northwest.

London. in the south part of Cass township, has an admirable location - but whether the verb should be used in the present or past tense is an open question. The town was platted at the crossing of the Mansfield-Plymouth road with one running east and west. A few houses cluster around the corners of the old village site, but the town plat was vacated years ago.

Richland, locally called Planktown, also in Cass township, did a thriving business in the stage-day period, being situated at the junction of the stage roads leading from Mansfield to Huron and from Wooster to Tiffin. Only a few of the buildings remain. Here is where Return J. M. Ward committed two murders, the baneful influence of which seems to hang over the town.

Crestline is situated in both Crawford and Richland counties, more largely in the former. Crestline's predecessor was Livingston, nearly a mile north of the railroad crossing; but Crestline, in its prosperity, has extended so far to the north that the old site of Livingston is now a northern suburb of Crestline.

When the Ohio & Pennsylvania railroad was being built, the Cincinnati, Cleveland & Chicago road did not want the Pennsylvania road to cross its lime and bought land to control the situation. This necessitated a curve to be made in the survey of the Pennsylvania road, and later the town of Crestline was laid out at the junction. The Cleveland road yielded to the inevitable and made Crestline its station also.

It is not the purpose of this sketch to consider causes which led to changes of the towns mentioned but to simply state that conditions work wonders for the prosperity or adversity of a town. Take Kaskaskia, once the capital of the Illinois territory and the metropolis of the West - a town that has been so reduced in population that the government a few years since abolished its postoffice, claiming that the place was not of sufficient importance to maintain an office there. The case of Kaskaskia is cited to show that towns elsewhere as well as in Richland county sometimes fall into decay and ruins. The fundamental maxim in the dynamics of progress is everywhere the same - that the weaker goes to the wall - and the same rules apply to towns.

From the earliest institutions to the present concerns. A strong financial showing. History of the first bank and the subsequent banking institutions. Founders of the Farme.s Bank. The banking concerns of the present day. Clearing house association.

The material business and industrial wealth of Mansfield is fairly indicated by those great arteries of finance - the banks of the city, whose resources are nearly three millions of dollars. and the clearing house representing four of the six banks shows a business of $4,982,040.02. for the year 1898.

With banks, as in other cases, it is interesting to go back and consider their founding and subsequent history, intertwining the past with the present, and note the growth and development of the city by reviewing her financial institutions.

The First Bank

The first bank in Mansfield was opened for bu-iness in 1816, and was located where the Purdy building now stands. The Hon. Mordecai Bartley, who then represented Richland county in the general assembly. endeavored to obtain a charter for this bank. but failed to do so by one vote, on account of a rural sentiment inimical to such institutions. John Garrison was president of this bank and Mr. Elliott cashier.

Another Bank

In 1846 another bank was started by James Patterson & Co. A few years later, Mr. Patterson died and his interest was bought by (Judge) Charles T. Sherman and Andrew Conn, and was conducted by the latter until his removal to New York. in 1854, when its business was closed. These were private banks and were convenient in a commercial 'way in their day.

Farmers National

The first really permanent bank was started July 27, 1847, as a branch of the State Bank of Ohio, under the law of 1846. This was called the Farmers Bank, and was reorganized as a national in 1867, and is the oldest bank in the city, having been in existence over fifty years. At the comparatively early period at which this bank was organized but few men were wealthy and a canvass had to be made of the county to raise the required capital ($30,000) to obtain a charter. The following is a list of the first stockholders:

The Farmers Bank was reorganized in 1864, and a few years ago was again reorganized as The Farmers Savings and Trust Company, with the following officers: Burton Preston, president; E. S. Nail, 1st vice president; L. Hautzenroeder, 2d vice president; S. S. Bricker, 3d vice president; J. B. Lindley, secretary and treasurer; H. J. W. Smith, assistant secretary and treasurer.

Mansfield Savings

The Mansfield Savings Bank was organized in 1873 and after the erection of its banking house on the corner of Fourth and Main streets, opened its doors for business on the 15th of October of that year.

Its officers were Barnabas Burns. president: Michael D. Harter, vice president, and R. Brinkerhoff, cashier. Its present officers are: R. Brinkerhoff. president; J. E. Brown, vice president; C. F. Ackerman, cashier; F. M. Marquis. assistant cashier: R. S. Gibson, teller. The Savings Bank owns its own building. with safety vaults and other modern equipments.

Citizens National

The Citizens National Bank organized November 1, 1881, with G. F. Carpenter as president and 8. A. Jennings as cashier. W. H. Rebuck was the first depositor. G. F. Carpenter. H. P. Davis, E. J. Forney, A. Scattergood. R. Smith and J. W. Wagner constitute the board of directors. Capital stock paid in $100,000; surplus fund. $40,000; resources. $364,454.48.

Bank Of Mansfield Richland Savings

The Richland Savings Bank company was incorporated April 8, 1898, and commenced business July 16 of that year. Capital stock, $50,000; re- <ources. $180.914.80. A comparative statement of the business of this bank shows an increase of deposits that must be satisfactory to the management, having increased from July 16 to January 1 from $2,094.69 to $82,278.56 and its loans during the same period from $6,113 to $107,807.35. Its officers

Banks are indicators of the business of a city and when the "Farmers" was organized, in 1847, it was sufficient for that period. Mansfield was then a village, but in the half century that has intervened between then and now it has become a city and in compliance with the law of demand and supply, other banks were required and came to meet the needs of trade and the banking facilities of Mansfield show the growth and prosperity of the city.

Richland Statistics

RICHLAND STATISTICS. Gathered from the Agricultural Districts by the Various Assessors. The agricultural statistics have been made up for Richland county for

The Mansfield Water Works And Fire Department

About the year 1829 the matter of organizing a fire department began to be discussed in Mansfield, but there was no way of raising funds for such & purpose at that time, and Dr. William Bushnell carried around a paper and obtained subscriptions to the amount of $150, with which a small hand engine was purchased. A fire company was then organized composed of Dr. Bushnell, Dr. Miller, Jacob Lindley, Hugh McFall, James Smart, and others. Mr. Lindley was the foreman of the company, and the engine was kept in his cabinet shop, on the site of the present Baptist church.

In 1848 the council authorized P. P. Hull to purchase a fire engine of a more recent make and six hundred feet of hose. At the same time the council authorized the following persons, and such others as they chose to associate with them to organize a fire company, viz.: Levi Zimmerman, A. L. Grimes, R. C. Smith, S. J. Kirkwood, H. L. Baker, Peter Arbaugh, Samuel Au, Michael Linder. Thomas McEwen, John Rickets, Adam Heldman, Abraham Emminger, P. P. Hull. Alexander MelIlvain, David Bushey and James A. Cook. They were to have the use of this new engine, '"'Ohio," hose, ete. The same date a committee was appointed to procure a hose cart and a proper place to keep the engine, and P. P. Hull was appointed the first engineer by the council.

In July, 1852, a second fire company was organized, called Torrent No. 2. Tts engine was purchased by subscription. The charter members of this company were: George F. Carpenter, Echels McCoy, Barnabas Burns, M. L. Miller, E. McFall, T. B. Dodd, J. H. Cook. H. R. Smith, G. McFall, John U. Wiler. I. C. Fair, J. Christofel. James Dickson, John Y. Glessner, John C. Ritter, D. C. Connell, James Hoy and S. B. Sturges. The engine was purchased at Seneca Falls, N. Y.

Subsequently other companies were organized from time to time, much machinery and apparatus purchased. and the fire department became an institution of much importance.

In 1854 an assistant engineer was appointed by the council for each organization; the old engine and apparatus of No. 1 was turned over to "Young America Fire Company No. 3," and a new engine was purchased for No. 1, called "Deluge."

The subject of building water works for the city was first discussed in 1848, but did not materialize until 1871, when the people decided by a decisive vote at the spring election of that year that the long-felt want should be supplied, and H. R. Smith, A. C. Cummins and S. B. Sturges were appointed trustees with plenary power to proceed with the work of installing a water work plant and ground was broken for the same May 15, 1871. The council voted a bond issue of $175,000, and E. McCoy was appointed foreman of the work. The Holly system was decided upon and the water was taken out of the Rockyfork creek. four hundred and fifty feet above the works, six acres of ground having been purchased for the works.

The work was pushed with such energy that on the 20th of August, 1872, the works were in operation. After a few years' experience, much complaint having been made about the quality of the Rockyfork water, it was decided to take water from the Laird and the Johns springs, within easy reach of the works, thus giving the city pure spring water.

The present fire department was organized in June. 1884, and is considered one of the most proficient of the kind in the state, and is equipped with the Gamewell fire alarm system. There are three fire stations, one in the central part of the city, one in the northern part and one in the southern part. The department is equipped with evervthing that is modern in the fire department line. The number of fire alarms run from seventy-five to a hundred a year.

The firemen's "helpers," as the horses of the fire department are called, are appreciated and given much consideration by the firemen. Numerous incidents might be cited showing the intelligeuce of a horse, its conception of its duties and his willingness to perform them.

The Arab recognizes the intelligence of the horse, tulks to him and treats him almost like a companion. The better knowledge a man has of a horse the more he recognizes his mental capability and gets better service from him. The intelligence of animals is too little known and too lightly treated. The thoughts and feelings of the bov whose guinea pig had died are worthy of consideration. One night his mother heard him sobbing and inquired: "What's the matter, Sainmy?"'

The child's sobs increased as he came down the scale to smaller animals without getting a comforting reply. The mother saw the trend of the questioning and pitving the poor boy who was so heart-broken over the loss of his pet, that she concluded to comfort him somewhat, and to the question:

The pets that answer our call, look intelligently into our eyes, understand our words, and obey our bidding. who shall gainsay that they shall live again.

The firemen have their horses: Cowper had his hares; Luther his dogs. and a sentimental belief in their immortality, that in the illimitable beyond we shall have our own again, may not be creditable to the head but it is commendable to the heart.

History, Of Richland County 47 The Mansfield Public Schools

The enrollment of the Mansfield public schools for the year 1908 is 4,966. Males, 2,499; females, 2.487. There are 116 teachers employed. Mansfield has a fine high school building which cost $150,000, and there are eight ward school buildings. In the foregoing enumerations the pupils of the parochial schools are not included.

The first graduating class was in 1862, and consisted of four girls. The total number of graduates to the present time is 560 - 426 girls and 134 boys. The largest class numbered 28, but the class of the present year, it is thought, will be larger.

In no other way has the growth of the city been better shown than in the progress of her schools, in the increased number of her scholars and in the addition of school buildings. The village of the past quietly and hopefully plodded along and without the misfortune of a boom passed through the transition stages that intervened between the past and the present, until we now have a city whose healthful growth will continue and increase, and our population reach 50,000, the number the league aims to secure ere Mansfield celebrates its centennial.

The American school is a product of early planting. In the pioneer times, when a few families settled near each other, it was not long until a school was started. Even in that early day the settlers believed that education was the bulwark of liberty. Subscription schools were taught long before school houses were built. or public money could be obtained for educational purposes.

The present school system. was organized under the law of 1852, soon after its passage, and the late J. H. Cook, A. L. Grimes and Isaac Gass were the members of the first school board in Mansfield. Alexander Bartlett was appointed principal of the high school and superintendent of instruction.

Among the men who, as boys, attended the public schools of Mansfield. the Days and Woods have become distinguished in the army and navy, and Frank G. Carpenter in the field of literature. In the newspaper line, Peter Trumpler and Henry G. McKnight have won success in other states. Many others might be mentioned who have been successful in life at home and abroad.

And there are those who had not the advantages of the graded system. but who, as country lads, had to attend the often-sneered-at "'deestrict"' school, and among that number was Judge Geddes, who served fifteen years on the bench, eight years in congress and as a lawyer was the peer of the best men of his time. Judge Geddes received his early education in Monroe township, as did also Congressman Kerr, Judge Douglass and Judge Wolfe at a later period. :

Many of America's greatest statesmen, most brilliant lawyers, profound thinkers and popular orators have been reared on farms. While some were self-taught, others worked their ways from the country school to academies and colleges, where they learned the beauties of poetic imagery from the Ilad and the Aeneid, the strong declamatory invective from Cicero's orations against Catiline, and the spirit and genius of the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations from the standard classical authors.

In the development of schools, in the growth of systems of teaching, two ideas have hitherto pervailed in reference to education. One side claiming it should be a ''crowding" process, or, at best, a nourishing one. Under this system the pupil is made to amass particulars ''ad infinitum." The second lays stress upon the word "'discipline' - that man is a muscle generally, and that the mind grows by gymnastic training.

But whether teaching should be merely a training of the sensuous element of the mind - a presentation of thought through the senses; or whether it should seize the whole matter formally or abstractedly and discipline the mind by developing the muscles and by studying things not valuable in themselves; whether we should have the object lesson or the discipline system, it is not the purpose of this article to discuss or to consider, but to infer that in the public schools of Mansfield there is that judicious blending of the twain that best promotes and enhances the education of the pupils of today.

Special mention should be made of the first military company. that left Mansfield for the Civil war. It was Company I, First Regiment. O. VY. L., and Wilham McLaughlin was its captain. The regiment was organized at Columbus, April 18. 1861, and was ordered to Washington City at once, leaving Columbus on the morning of April 19. It was mustered into service at Lancaster, Pa., April 29, and upon its arrival at Washington was assigned to General Schenck's brigade of General Tvler's division, then a part of the force in defense of the capital. It was engaged in the battle of Bull Run and was mustered out of service ten days later.

Banquet To Company M.

Upon the return of Company M, Eighth Regiment. O. N. G., from the Cuban war a reception and banquet was given the "bovs" by the citizens of Mansfield on Tuesday afternoon, November 30th, 1898. followed by a benefit entertainment at the Opera House that evening.

The festivities began at Purdy's hall at 3 o'clock. The beautiful suite of rooms on the third floor consisting of reception room, dancing hall, banquet room, smoking room and cloak rooms were all thrown open at the hour men- tioned above. The floor of the dancing hall was covered with canvas. All the rooms and doorways were beautifully decorated with flags and bunting. The opera house orchestra, which was stationed overhead in the box in the dancing hall rendered a number of inspiring selections between the hours of 3 o'clock and 5 o'clock. A reception committee of ladies and gentlemen was on duty to make the boys feel at home. Apparently nothing had been overlooked to make this feature of the day a success. In addition to the committee there was present quite a number of people, special friends of the boys. Some of them were old soldiers of the war of the rebellion and the latter talked over war experiences with the later day heroes. Outside of the building the weather was stormy, but this did not deter the friends of the boys from being present to extend the glad hand of welcome. The young soldiers showed their appreciation of the efforts put forth in their behalf by being there with few exceptions. It was through no fault of their own that some of the members of the company were absent.

The musical entertainment given at the opera house as a benefit for Company M was a success in every particular except from a financial standpoint. The lower part of the auditorium was fairly well filled, but the entertainment on the whole was not as well patronized as it was hoped it would be. It is stated that but little, if anything, was realized over and above expenses. The programme was carried out as heretofore published in this paper with the exception that Master Hoppe sang a selection.

The closing feature of the performance, "Company M Mascotte" was the appearance of thirty-five young ladies displaying the national colors who sang the "Star Spangled Banner' and the audience joining in the closing chorus. Every performance was encored and the entertainment was an artistic success.

General Roeliff Brinkerhoff

The name of General Roeliff Brinkerhoff is indelibly impressed upon the pages of Ohios history. .\ strongly marked personality, clearly defined purpose. keen insight. high ideals and a recognition of life's obligations and responsibilities have <o combined as to make General Brinkerhoff one of the most honorable and honored residents of the state. The record of few men in public life has been so varied in service, so constant in honor-and so stainless In reputation, and it is therefore imperative that definite consideration be paid him in this connection.

fle was born in Owasco, Cayuga county. New York, June 28, 1828, and is a& representative in the seventh generation of the descendants of Joris Dericksen. Brinkerhoff. the founder of the fanuly in America, who came from Drentland, Holland. in 1638, accompanied by his wife Susannah, and settled at Brooklyn. New York. then New Netherlands. Many representatives of the family are new living on Long Island and in the Hudson valley, while others can be found in almost every western «tate. Most of these are descended from Hendrick. son of Joris Dericksen Brinkerhoff, who settled in New Jersey in 1685. The grandfather. Roeliff Brinkerhoff, removed from Hackensack. New Jersey. to the vicinity of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, where George R. Brinkerhoff. the father. was born. In the maternal line General Brinkerhoff is descended from French Huguenots. who, fleeing from religious persecution. found safety and a home among the tolerant Dutch settlers of New Netherlands. Both the Bouviers, his mother's people, and the Demarests, to which family his grandmother belonged, were French Huguenots.

General Brinkerhotf has been very successful in his business career and yet it has been other qualities that have become dominant in his life record and gained him the honor and respect which are so universally accorded him. He early manifested aptitude in his studies and when sixteen years of age became a teacher in his native town, while at the age of eighteen he was in charge of a school near Hendersonville, Tennessee. The following year he was the tutor in the family of .Andrew Jackson, Jr., at the Hermitage and there remained until 1850, when he returned to the north and took up the study of law with Hon. Jacob Brinkerhoff, of Mansfield, Ohio, as his preceptor. His thorough preliminary reading secured his admission to the bar in 1852 and he remained in active practice from that time until after the outbreak of hostilities over the question of secession. He was also identified with journalistic interests from June, 1855, until 1859 as one of the editors and proprietors of the Mansfield Herald. ;

But when the Civil war was inaugurated his interests centered in its outcome until, believing that his first duty was to his country, he joined the army in September, 1861, as first lieutenant and regimental quartermaster of the Sixty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. In November of the same year he was promoted to the position of captain and assistant quartermaster and during the first winter was on duty at Bardstown, Kentucky. Following the capture of Nashville he was placed in charge of the land and river transportation in that city and after the battle of Pittsburg Landing he was ordered to the front and placed in charge of the field transportation of the Army of the Ohio. It was following the capture of Corinth that he returned home on sick leave and when he had sufficiently recovered he was ordered to Maine as chief quartermaster of that state. His next transferral took him to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in charge of transportation and army stores and as post quartermaster he remained in Washington city until June, 1865, when he was made a colonel and inspector of the quartermaster's department. He was then retained on duty at the war office with Secretary Stanton until November, when he was ordered to Cincinnati as chief quartermaster of the department. In September, 1866, he was brevetted a brigadier general of volunteers and was also tendered a commission in the regular army but declined the honor. On the Ist of October, at his own request. he was mustered out of service, having for five vears been continuously connected with the army on active duty. General Brinkerhoff is the author of a volume entitled The Volunteer Quartermaster, which is still the standard guide for the officers and employes of the quartermaster's department.

General Brinkerhoff was married. on the 3d of February. 1852. to Miss Mary Jake Bently, of Mansfield, a daughter of Baldwin Bently and a granddaughter of General Robert Bently. Their family numbered two sons and two daughters: Robert Bently, a member of the New York city bar, who died in 1907; Addie Horton; Mary, deceased: and Roeliff. former judge of the probate court of Richland county.

General Brinkerhoff has figured prominently in connection with important events from the time of the repeal of the Missouri compromise until after the reconstruction period following the war. During this time he formed the acquaintance of many men eminent in public life and won the warm friendship and regard of such distinguished national characters as Salmon P. Chase, James G. Blaine, General Garfield and General R. B. Hayes. He took an active part in politics for a long period after the war, visited many states in campaign work in support of the principles and candidates of the party. while in its conventions his opinions carried weight and influence. He has not been an active factor in political circles, however, since 1873, in which year he accepted the position of cashier in the Mansfield Savings Bank, in which he was later chosen to the presidency, and while not active in its management at the present time, he is still filling that position. He displaved the same keen

In 1878 General Brinkerhoff was appointed a member of the board of state charities and continued in that position under different administrations until he completed his tenth term, a period of thirty years, and he was recently appointed to the eleventh term. His philanthropy is one of the salient features of his life and there is perhaps no single individual better informed concerning the methods of management and control in different benevolent and correctional institutions than he. To further inform himself on this subject he has visited every state in the Union except one, also institutions of this character in the Dominion of Canada, the republic of Mexico and all the countries of western Europe. and the record of his observations in these directions is a history of all modern progress in dealing with the dependent, defective and criminal classes. In all of his work in this connection General Brinkerhoff may be termed a practical idealist. He has labored constantly to improve conditions. vet his work has been of a most effective character inasmuch as he has utilized the means at hand, having the ability to assimilate. control and shape divers interests into a unified and harmonious whole. Studying the subject of management in correctional and benevolent institutions. he has quickly grasped the points: upon which improvement could be made and has agitated the subject so that public opinion has demanded reform and advancement. To him, perhaps more than to any other, is due the abolition of mechanical restraints, and other improvements, in dealing with the insane. It was largely due to him also that the Toledo Hospital was established upon the cottage system. which really marked a new era in the treatment of the insane and one which the medical profession and the general public now recognizes as most beneficial. He served as a member of the commission to locate the asyluin and select plans for its construction and his earnest advocacy for the segregate or cottage system secured its adoption, and the plan once termed ''Brinkerhoff's Folly" has led to the adoption of what is now regarded as the model asvlum of the nation.

While General Brinkerhoff has been a theorist in that he has formulated plans. he has also been a worker of the most practical order, for when his judgment sanctions a course that he has thought out or that has been presented to him by others he has immediately set to work to secure its adoption. The range of his study and investigation has been most broad and comprehensive. He was chosen the first president when in 1875, at his home in Mansfield. the Ohio Archeological and Historical Society was organized in October, 1875. He continued as its chief executive officer for several terms and then, declining a reelection. was succeeded by General R. B. Hayes, and upon the death of ex-President Hayes General Brinkerhoff was again chosen to the presidency. while in 1907 he was elected president for life. It was at one of the meetings of this society - a banquet held in Columbus in February, 1891 - that he made the suggestion which found embodiment in a beautiful memorial group of bronze statues which now stands at the northwest corner of the capital building in Columbus. On this occasion he was put upon the prograin to respond to the toast. "Ohio at the Columbian Exposition." He had no time for preparation, but as it approached the hour in which he would be called upon there came to him the thought that it 'was not bigness, or material resources that gave renown to a nation so much as the character-of its men and women," and, continuing, General Brinkerhoff said, "I remembered Greece and Palestine and my speech was ready, for in men of international renown Ohio was peerless among the states. At 11:00 o'clock, when my turn came, I amplified my idea, and wound up with the suggestion that Ohio should be represented at the fair by a group of statuary, in the center of which should be a noble matron to represent Ohio, and around her should be such children as Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, Chase, Stanton and Garfield; and then upon the pedestal should be engraved the proud utterance of Cornelia, the 'Mother of the Gracchi,' 'These are my Jewels.' A resolution was unanimously adopted recommending the legislature to adopt the suggestion and appropriate the funds necessary to put it in granite and bronze." When the Ohio monument was dedi¢ated at Jefferson park, in Chicago. September 14, 1898, General Brinkerhoff in his address said. "We, the citizens of Ohio. have met today in this pantheon of the nations to remember and honor our own great state. Whilst we are Americans, and proud of our nationality. we are also proud to believe that in the galaxy of states there is no star brighter than Ohio. Nowhere on the rounded globe is there another block of land of the size of Ohio which equals it in all the essentials required for the abode of civilized men. In fertility of soil, in diversity of products. in mines of coal and iron, in quarries of stone. in healthfulness of climate. in beauty of landscape, in accessibility of location by water and by land. xhe is absolutely peerless. * * * Whilst we remeiber all this. and are proud to remember it, we also remember and are glad to remember that the highest glory of a state or nation is not in bigness. but in mind. as manifested and repre<ented by its men and women. * * * So in this concourse of nations in which we are now gathered. Ohio is not ashamed to present her achievements in comparison with the proudest. both in matter and in mind: for around us today. in every department of human endeavor. the image and the superscription of Ohio is preeminent. Today. however, in the dedication of this monumental group, we call attention to the fact that in men of international renown Ohio is absolutely peerless among the states and nations of this western hemisphere. Like the constellation of Orion in the heavens. we have six stars of resplendent magnitude. and in the inventory of our treasures 'these are our jewels.' Who they are and what they were is known to all mankind, and therefore for the purposes of this exposition. a biographical description is not necessary, but for the purposes of this gathering of Ohio people it seems proper for those who knew them, not only to bear testimony to their preeminence as soldiers and statesmen, but also to give personal recollections of acquaintance with them. I knew them all, and some of them intimately. Grant, Sherman and Sheridan are the only soldiers who ever attained the full rank of general, in the United States, since the organization of our government. In the splendor of their achievements they have never been equaled upon this continent, and they have never been surpassed by the soldiers of any other continent. They were not only great soldiers. but they were also patriotic citizens, and never thought a thought, or dreamed a dream that was disloyal to liberty or the institutions of their native land. So with Chase, Stanton, and Garfield; they were not only statesmen of the highest rank, but they were also noble minded gentlemen in all the relations of life."

His interest in historical matters dates from early life. Coming to Richland county in 1850, he advocated preserving the annals of its early history, recognizing the fact that in the course of years the record of the lives of the pioneer men and women who laid its foundation and reared its superstructure would be of value and general interest. He therefore began to gather information in regard to pioneer days and the result of his labors has been given to the public, not only in newspaper articles but also in book form. Pioneer meetings were held at irregular intervals and in November, 1898, the Richland County Historical Society was organized, with General Brinkerhoff as the president and A. J. Baughman secretary. For many years he has been one of the principal supporters of the Mansfield Lyceum, which he joined on its organization, and he was also active in the establishment of the Mansfield Library and the Museum, and a promoter of the Sherman-Heineman park. The plan of the park originated in his fertile brain and he labored untiringly until he saw its embodiment in a beautiful strip of country adorned by the arts of the landscape gardener and extending for a mile and a half along the western border of the city. He was made one of the park commissioners, became president of the board. and has held that office continuously since. There are few men of his vears who remain so active a factor in life as does (veneral Brinkerhoff. Old age need not suggest as a matter of course idleness or lack of occupation. There is on the contrary an old age which grows <tronger and brighter morally and intellectually as the vears pass and gives out of its rich stores of wisdoin and experience. Such has been the record of (yeneral Brinkerhoff. With a mind receptive and retentive, he has continually broadened his knowledge through reading, investigation and observation, keeping abreast with the best thinking men of the age upon the great sociological, economic and political questions, and in his life's contacts and experiences has come into association with many important events which have left their jmipress upon national history. while Ohio numbers him among her most honored sons.

Pierce J. Wigton

Richland county has been singularly favored in the class of men that occupies its public offices, for in most instances they have been men who have high regard for the obligations and duties of citizenship and who have considered "a public office a public trust." To this class belongs Pierce J. Wigton. now filling the position of county treasurer. He is one of Ohio's native sons, his birth having occurred in Monroe township, January 1, 1861. His father, William Wigton, a farmer by occupation, died forty-one years ago. The family were of Scotch descent, the paternal ancestors coming from Wigtonshire, Scotland, and settling in Pennsylvania, where they lived for several generations. The mother of our subject, Mrs. Susan Schrack Wigton,

Pierce J. Wigton is the seventh in a family of ten children, six of whom are living. After attending the district school he became a pupil in the Greentown Academy, at Perryville, Ohio, and completed his course at the age of nineteen years. For the succeeding two decades he engaged in teaching in the country schools in the winter seasons, while the summer months were devoted to general agricultural pursuits. He became well known as an able representative of public-school education and also as an energetic, progressive farmer. He has a farm of one hundred and ninety-six acres in Monroe township, where he resided for twenty-four years, and he also owns two other farms in the same township, one of sixty-four acres and the other of one hundred and twenty-three acres. He is likewise interested to some extent in city real estate, his holding: including his own residence at No. 312 West Third street, which he purchased upon his removal to Mansfield. He likewise controls various other interests in different lines and altogether has been a very successful man.

His fellow townsmen, recognizing his worth and ability, called Mr. Wigton to office by electing him in 1905 to the position of county treasurer, and in August of the following year he removed to Mansfield, where he is now busily engaged in the discharge of his duties. In politics he is an earnest democrat and has always taken an active interest in county politics, but has never been a candidate for office before.

On the 11th of November, 1883, in Monroe township Mr. Wigton was united in marriage to Miss Cora E. Peterson, a daughter of Solomon and Lavina Peterson, of Ashland county, Dr. J. A. Hall officiating. They have three children: Ruby W., the wife of Byron King, a farmer of Monroe township; Navie L., fourteen years of age, and Doyle D., ten years of age. Mr. Wigton is a genial, sociable man, but modest and unassuming. He belongs to the different Masonic bodies and the Knights of Pythias fraternities, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Lutheran church. While called by his fellow townsmen to office he cannot justly be termed a public man in desiring to appear prominently in public affairs, for on the contrary he prefers a quiet life and the companionship of his family.

Charles 8S. Moore

No matter in how much fantastic theorizing one may indulge as to the secret and causation of success, it will be found after careful analysis that success is due to the possession of certain qualities, including persistency of purpose, ready adaptability, keen discrimination and most of all unwearied industry. These elements are factors in the life of Charles S. Moore and have been manifest in his successful development of the Daily Globe of Shelby.

paternal line is a representative of one of the oldest families of the county. His great-grandfather, John Jay Smiley, came to this county from the state of New York about 1820. He secured a quarter section of land and cast in his lot with the early settlers who were reclaiming the region for the purpose of civilization and improvement. His daughter, Rosanna Smiley, was a native of the county and a lifelong resident of Shelby, being born and reared upon a farm that now constitutes the site of the waterworks. She became the wife of George Moore. Their son, Wallace Moore, was born and reared on a farm in Sharon township - a tract that is uow inside the corporation limits of Shelby, but he is still engaged in carrying on agricultural pursuits on that place. He married Fannie Beelman, who was born in Plymouth township, this county, and Charles S. Moore is the eldest of their family of ten children, of whom eight are yet living. One of his sisters, Rosanna, is the wife of Dr. Keeler, a leading physician of Perry, Oklahoma; Edith, is attending the Indiana State Normal School at Valparaiso; Catherine, is a teacher of commercial. courses; Sarah, is a trained nurse in Oklahoma City; Florence. is attending the public schools of Shelby; Benjamin, is a student in the Chicago Dental College, and John Jay, is at home.

Charles S. Moore was educated in the public schools of Shelby and at the age of sixteen years put aside his text-books in order to learn the printer's trade in the office of the Shelby Free Press, having a natural inclination toward that work. He had for two years previous worked in a printing office without compensation before and after school, owing to the attraction which the business had for him. He remained in the Free Press office for two years and then went to Galion, Ohio, where he worked on the Leader for two years. In 1893 he went to Atchison, Kansas. and was there employed on the Atchison Patriot for two years. He also spent one year in traveling as a journeyman printer throughout the south and southwest, and upon his return to Shelby in 1897 he became connected with the Shelby Republican and later with the Shelby News, until April, 1900, when, believing that there was an advantageous opportunity for the publication of a daily paper, he borrowed the sum of one hundred and twenty-five dollars and joined forces with J. C. Stambaugh, who secured his capital by selling a team of mules. With the little sum of money which they thus secured they established the Daily Globe, their first issue being taken from the press on the 24th of April, 1900. The new journal was a folio, nine by twelve, and was run on a job press. Beginning without any support, they built up a subscription list of six hundred in forty-two days and feeling assured that their venture would be a success, they then installed a cylinder press and made their paper a fivecolumn folio. The patronage has grown rapidly from the start and there is now a circulation of eighteen hundred copies per day in Shelby and vicinity. They began in a little room ten by eighteen feet, but after a year were forced to move into larger quarters, where they remained until 1905, when they purchased their present building at No. 37 W. Main street. It is a three-story structure, thirty by one hundred and twenty feet. They also do commercial job printing.

At the time they started out there were three weekly papers here, some of which had been established for half a century. A little later another daily was started, but one by one they have languished and passed into oblivion and today the Globe is the only paper in Shelby. It is well worth the patronage which it receives, for it is published along the most progressive lines of modern journalism, and the business methods instituted by the firm are such as commend them to the patronage, trust and support of the general public. Mr. Moore is also interested in Shelby real estate to a considerable extent and owns his home at No. 68 Grand Boulevard, which is one of the finest residences on that street.

On the 3d of July, 1901, in Mansfield, Mr. Moore was married to Miss Mary A. Statler, a daughter of George W. Statler, an attorney and realestate dealer of Mansfield. They have two children, Mary and Georgiana, aged respectively six and three years. Fraternally Mr. Moore is a member of the Knights of Pythias in both the subordinate lodge and uniformed rank. He is also connected with the Maccabees, the Modern Woodmen and the Owls. Personally he gives his political support to the republican party, but is not active in politics and publishes a nonpartisan paper. It has ever been his purpose to make this an excellent advertising medium and also an equally good medium for the dissemination of general and local news, and that he has accomplished his purpose is indicated by the success which is attending him.

Benjamin Berry

The farm on which Benjamin Berry now resides. a tract of one hundred and thirty-six acres, situated in Monroe township. has been his home for more than a half century. He was born July 6. 1827. at Canton. Ohio. His bovhood and youth were spent under the parental roof and in the district schools he acquired his education. He remained at home until he had attained the age of twenty-seven vears. when he bought his present farm. comprising one hundred and thirty-six acres, situated in Monroe township. whereon he has since made his home. covering more than a half century. Throughout his entire life he has engaged in general agricultural pursuits but four years ago he put aside all business cares and is now living retired. In the years that have come and gone he has made his farm a valuable tract. owing to the improvements he has placed upon it. including good buildings for the shelter of grain and stock and a good country residence.

It was in 1854 that Mr. Berry was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Smith, who was born in Stark county, Ohio. The marriage was blessed with nine children, namely: Ellen, who has departed this life: Emma, who lives near Newville, Ohio; Laura, who makes her home near St. Johns: Mary, of Bellville; Francis, a farmer of Mifflin township: Edward. Herman and Cloyde, all of whom are deceased; and Charles. who operates the home farm. The wife and mother passed to her final reward in 1886.

him to give hearty support to the principles of democracy. For two terms he served as township trustee, while at various times he has served as a member of the school board. He is a member of the Lutheran church, in which he is serving as an elder.

Mr. Berry has now passed the eighty-first milestone on life's journey and during this long period he has seen many wonderful changes in Richland county. He has lived to see this once wild region become one of the prosperous sections of the east, dotted here and there with thriving towns and villages. He has also lived to see the crude farm machinery replaced with the more modern inventions and has witnessed the introduction of the telegraph and the telephone, and no pioneer of the county has taken a more active part in bringing about the transformation that has here been wrought than has this venerable and honored citizen.

Louis S. Kuebler

Louis S. Kuebler has been closely associated with the interests: of Mansfield since 1876 as editor and publisher of the Mansfield Courier and in this connection is well known in journalistic circles throughout southern Ohio. <A native of the Buckeye state, he was born in Tiffin, Seneca county, in 1854, and is of German lineage, his parents being Anthony and Frances (Schabacker) Kuebler. both of whom were natives of Germany. The father came to America about 1840, settling in Seneca county, Ohio, and following his marriage established his home in Tiffin, where he reared his family.

Louis S. Kuebler acquired his education through the medium of the public schools of Seneca county and then began learning the printer's trade, with which he has since been identified. Gradually he has worked his way upward, becoming familiar with every department of the business, and for thirty-two years he has now been editorially connected with sewspaper publication in Richland county. He removed from Cleveland to Mansfield in 1876 and began the publication of the Mansfield Courier, which was established in 1872 and is the only German paper published in Richland county. It has an extensive circulation among the German speaking residents of this part of the state and handles with ability and clearness the subjects which aré of general interest in the community as well as those of wider scope and importance as affecting state and national welfare. The Courier has a splendidly equipped plant and is democratic in political complexion. In addition to the publication of the paper Mr. Kuebler is conducting an extensive general job printing business, receiving a most liberal patronage in that connection. Mr. Kuebler is recognized as one of the prominent men in democratic ranks in Richland county and served as chairman of the democratic executive committee in 1899 and again in 1905. He was a candidate for and elected county treasurer in 1902, which office he filled for four vears.

a daughter of Adam Matthes, and they now have two children, Herman and Marie. In a review of his life work it will be seen that Mr. Kuebler possesses many of the strong and salient characteristics of a Teutonic ancestry, combined with the spirit of enterprise and progress so characteristic of the typical American. 'Too broad minded for local partisanship, he manifests the deepest interest in his state and the country at large while laboring effectively and earnestly for municipal interests.

A. W. Crevling, who successfully carries on agricultural pursuits in Blooming Grove township, was born in Columbia county, Pennsylvania, January 17,1841. Both his paternal and maternal great-grandfathers participated in the Revolutionary war. His parents, Jacob and Martha (Melick) Crevling, were natives of New Jersey. In his boyhood days the father removed to Pennsylvania and from Columbia county, that state, made the overland journey by wagon to Richland county, arriving here on the dth of May. 1848. Throughout his active business career he devoted his time and energies to farming and on locating in this county resided in Cass township for seven years. onthe expiration of which period he settled in Blooming Grove township. Here he made his home until called to his final rest in 1878. His wife, whom he had married in the Keystone state, passed away in this county in 1890. Their union was blessed with seven children, of whom our subject is the only suryvivor. The first three died in infaney, while Franklin. Alexander and Priscilla are also now deceased.

A. W. Crevling mastered the branches of learning which constitute the curriculum of the public schools and remained under the parental roof until he had attained the age of twenty-eight years. For six years he was engaged in teaching. imparting clearly and readily to others the knowledge that he had acquired. Since starting out in life on his own account he has been connected with agricultural interests in Blooming Grove township, owning one hundred and fifty acres of well improved and productive land. His untiring industry and indefatigable energy have brought him a well merited and enviable degree of success in the cultivation of his fields and he has long been recognized as one ef the substantial and progressive agriculturists of the community.

In 1868 Mr. Crevling was joined in wedlock to Miss Zerada Burns, whose birth occurred in Rome, Blooming Grove township, September 9, 1847, and who has spent her entire life here. They have three children, namely: Verda, the wife of Henry Gates; Dora, who is the wife of Sherman Pittenger, a farmer of Blooming Grove township: and Boyd, who operates the home farm.

Mr. Crevling cast his first ballot for Abraham Lincoln and has since deen a stanch supporter of the republican party. He served his fellow townsmen as justice of the peace for three years, his decisions being ever strictly fair and impartial. Both he and his wife are devoted and faithful members of the Methodist Episcopal church and are held in high regard and esteem throughout the community in which they reside. His interests are thoroughly identified with those of Richland county, where he has now made his home for sixty years, and at all times he is ready to lend his aid and cooperation to any movement or measure instituted to promote the general welfare of town and county.

Jf Dill

J. F. Dill, who is successfully engaged in general agricultural pursuits on section 22, Washington township. is a native of Germany, his birth having occurred in the province of Nassau on the 7th of July, 1863. His parents, William and Ann C. (Rissler) Dill, were also natives of the fatherland, the former born July 2, 1823, and the latter on the 19th of December, 1823. In the year 1866 the father brought his family to the new world, their home being established in a log cabin on a small farm in Washington township. Richland county, Ohio. Here William Dill diligently and successfully carried on his farming interests until recent years, when he retired from active work and has since made his home with his son, J. F: He is one of the pioneers who aided in reclaiming this district for the uses of civilization by their untiring energy and perseverance in its cultivation and development. His wife passed away in this county in 1892. Their family numbered five children. as follows: Philip, of Jefferson township; Catherine, the wife of Charles J. Rummel, residing in West Cairo, Ohio; John P., who makes his home in Olathe. Kansas; J. F., of this review; and one who is deceased.

J. F. Dill supplemented the preliminary education which he acquired in the common schools by two years' attendance in the high school at Bellville and one year at the seminary in Lexington. He afterward pursued a business course at the Normal University of Ada, Ohio. and when nineteen years of age began teaching school, which profession he followed for a period of nineteen vears. imparting clearly and readily to others the knowledge that he had acquired. Turning his attention to agricultural interests, in 1900 he purchased sixty-two and a half acres of land on section 22, Washington township, and was engaged in its operation for two vears, when he disposed of the property. In 1902 he purchased the tract of one hundred acres on which he now resides. The place was in an unimproved condition, but he has remodeled the buildings and carried on the work of cultivation and development until the farm now presents a neat and attractive appearance, and its owner is classed with the enterprising and progressive agriculturists of the community.

On the 9th of June, 1892, Mr. Dill was united in marriage to Miss Chloe S. Dill, whose birth occurred in Morrow county, Ohio, January 6, 1869, her parents being Phillip and Elizabeth (Freeland) Dill. Her father was a native of Germany, born in 1838, and came to America in 1848, taking up his abode in Richland county, Ohio, where he learned the wagonmaker's trade. He afterward removed to Johnsville. in Morrow county, where his death occurred in 1900. His wife, whose natal day was April 27, 1834, still survives and makes her home in Morrow county. The children born to this worthy couple were ten in number, namely: Albert W., of Galion, Ohio; Jerry H. and James M., who reside in Morrow county, Ohio; Charles F., who makes his home in Oregon; Mrs. Anna M. Paul, living in Jefferson township; Mrs. Amelia C. Kerr, of Williamsport, Ohio; Mrs. Dill; Susan Doner, of Clark county, Ohio; Mrs. Phoebe Ziger, whose home is in Galion. Ohio; and Ida, deceased. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dill have been born eight children, as follows: Ira W. and Ida M., twins; Bertha A.; John F.: Harold E.: Catherine: Martha; and Alice.

Mr. Dill is a democrat in his political views and is now serving for the fourth term as township clerk, his fellow townsmen recognizing his capability and fidelity in the discharge of official duties. He is also master of the Washington Grange, and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the German Evangelical church, with which his wife is also identified. They are both well known and highly respected residents of the community. their genuine personal worth and sterling traits of character winning for them the friendship and regard of all with whom they have come in contact.

Charles L. McClellan. capably filling the position of clerk of the courts at Mansfield. was born in Butler. Richland county, Ohio. November 29, 1864. a son of John A. and Sarah A. (Miles) McClellan. His father was a native of Pennsylvania and came to this county at the age of two years. He was a carpenter by trade and in his later vears gave his attention to farming. He lived a busv hfe. characterized by fidelitv to duty in every relation, and thus gained the confidence and good will of all with whom he came in contact. He died August 15. 1897, while his wife, a native of this county, died when her son Charles was but five vears of age.

The bov afterward made his home with his uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. Wilham Rider, near Butler. He spent his youth on a farm and there acquired his early education in the district schools. while later he attended the Greentown Academy at Perrysville and also the Wooster (Ohio) University. He afterward engaged in teaching school for several terms and with a broad general knowledge to serve as the foundation upon which to rear the superstructure of professional learning, he took up the study of law as a student in the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in the class of 1894, the degree of Bachelor of Law being then conferred upon him. He returned at once to Mansfield and being admitted to the bar at Columbus in the fall of the same year, he opened an office in this city with Louis M. Weaver, under the firm style of Weaver & McClellan. This partnership was continued until 1900, when Mr. McClellan entered the office of clerk of the courts as deputy, under Allen S. Beach, and served in that capacity until 1902. when he was elected to his present office. In 1905 he was reelected so that he is now serving for the second term, and that he was again the choice of the people was evidence of the capability and promptness with which he discharged his duties during the first term. He has always taken a lively interest in local politics and has been active in the ranks of the democratic party.

On the 19th of September, 1894, Mr. McClellan was married near Lucas, Ohio, to Miss Ociea Mitchell, a daughter of John Mitchell, a farmer of Monroe township. They have three children: Ruth, Lucile and John R., seven, five and two years of age, respectively. The parents are members of the First Lutheran church at Mansfield, and Mr. McClellan belongs to the Knights of Pythias, the Elks, the Maccabees and the Modern Woodmen, while in more specifically professional lines he is connected with the Richland County Bar Association.

George Holtz

George Holtz. who is numbered among the enterprising and progressive farmers of Richland county, owns a well improved farm of one hundred and twenty acres. situated on section 11, Jackson township. He is a native of Germantown. Perry county, Pennsylvania, born April 15, 1830, and when a little lad of three vears came with his parents, Jacob and Katharine (Shambough) Holtz. who were likewise natives of Perry county, to Richland county. the journey being made by wagon. The father settled on a farm in Jaekson township. near Bunker Hill schoolhouse, this being then a wild and uncultivated district. The father at once began to clear and further develop this tract. and with the assistance of his sons in due course of time placed it under a good state of cultivation. His family numbered six sons and =ix daughters. of whom two sons and two daughters still survive.

George Holtz, as above stated, was but three years of age at the time of the parents' removal to Richland county, so that he has practically spent his entire life in this section of the state. He shared with the other members of the family in the hardships and privations incident to life on the frontier and gave his father the benefit of his services on the home farm until he had reached vears of maturity. He enjoyed no educational advantages, owing to the unsettled condition of the country during the period of his boyhood and youth. However, in later years, through experience and observation, he -ha: greatly added to his fund of knowledge. Upon starting out in life on-his own account he chose the occupation to which he had been reared and in 1865 loeated on his present farm, now comprising one hundred and twenty acres. although his possessions formerly embraced two hundred acres, but he has since sold a tract of eighty acres. His place is improved with good buildings, including a brick house, which was erected in 1835, a good barn forty feet by seventy-six with a wing sixty feet in length, this having been erected by Mr. Holtz in 1875. Mr. Holtz is engaged in general farming and stock

Mr. Holtz was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Ott, who was born in Germany and emigrated to America with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Ott, when a little maiden of three years. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Holtz was blessed with five children: Jeremiah, who died at the age of fifty years, leaving a family of six children, while his widow has also passed away ; Sarah, the wife of George Roush, a resident of Jackson township, and the mother of two children; Conrad, who died, leaving two children; Mrs. Mary Anna Low, who also passed away, and Jacob Winston, also deceased.

Mrs. Holtz gives his political support to the men and measures of democracy and is a member of the Lutheran church. Mr. Holtz has a wide acquaintance not only in his home locality, but in many sections of Richland county, and all who know him have for him high regard, for he has never been known to take advantage of another in any trade transaction, his business affairs ever being conducted in a most straightforward and businesslike manner.

William E. O'Donnell

William E. O'Donnell, who for sixteen years has been in the public service of Richland county and is filling the position of county recorder for the second term, was born in the Province of Connaught. in County Mayo, Ireland, October 13, 1860, his parents being Edward and Mary (McLaughlin) O'Donnell, the latter now deceased. Their family numbered four sons and three daughters. of whom the following are living: John, a section foreman at Marion, Ohio; Susan and Elizabeth. unmarried: Margaret. the wife of Patrick Masterson, of Columbus, Ohio.

Mr. O'Donnell came to America with his parents at the age of five years, the family home being established at Springfield. Ohio. in 1865. There he spent his boyhood and acquired his education through the medium of the public schools. At the age of nineteen vears he came to Mansfield to enter an apprenticeship at the molder's trade with the Aultman-Taylor Machinery Company. He continued with that company for nine vearz as one of its most trusted and capable representatives and then resigned his position to become a member of the police force under R. B. McCrorry. After serving for three vears in that capacity he was elected city marshal in 1881 and filled the office for four years. He then returned to the police force for two years under Joseph Patrick Henry. A change of administration occasioned his leaving that department and he returned to his trade with the old firm, where he remained until elected county recorder in 1901. Three years later he was reelected and is now nearing the completion of his second term. In discharging his public duties he has ever been found prompt and reliable. his course reflecting credit upon himself and proving eminently satisfactory to his constituents.

Mr. O'Donnell was married in Mansfield to Miss Mary Casey, a daughter of Thomas Casey, of this city. They have four children: William, Nellie, Edward and Thomas, aged respectively twenty, nineteen, eighteen and ten years. The parents are members of St. Peter's Catholic church, and Mr. O'Donnell is an honorary member of the Iowa Molders' Union, with which he was formerly in active connection. His political allegiance is given to the democracy. He is a man of genial, jovial nature, cordial and kindly in spirit and easily wins friends.

Samuel S. Gutshall

Samuel S. Gutshall, living on section 35, Plymouth township, is the owner of a good tract of land and has long been associated with the agricultural interests of the community. He was born at Blain, Perry county, Pennsylvania, March 20, 1856, a son of Henry and Sarah (Cook) Gutshall, who were born, reared and married in the Keystone state. They arrived in Richland county about 1877, coming after their son Samuel S. had located here. They made their home in Plymouth township and resided in this locality until the father was called to his final rest. He passed away at the age of seventy-eight years, while his widow now resides at Ashland, at the age of eighty-one years. They were the parents of seven children, and there was one older than Samuel S. Gutshall and his twin sister.

The subject of this review is truly a self-made man and one who deserves great credit for what he has accomplished in life, for at ten years of age he started out on his own account, being employed at farm labor and in driving teams. He was employed by others until twenty-six years of age, and in 1874 he came to Richland county, where he has since made his home.

Mr. Gutshall was twenty-six years of age when he married Miss Mary Jane Faulkner, a native of Plymouth township and a daughter of George Faulkner. The young couple began their domestic life upon the farm which is still their home, Mr. Gutshall purchasing one hundred and two acres of land from his father-in-law, while his wife owns eighty acres, so that their total holdings in this place comprise one hundred and eighty-two acres, and they also have fifty acres elsewhere which Mr. Gutshall purchased about two years ago. Upon their land there are three dwellings and an attractive, commodious and modern farm, which was built by Mr. Gutshall at a cost of three thousand dollars. He follows farming and stock-raising, is practical in his methods and accomplishes whatever he undertakes.

The home of Mr. and Mrs. Gutshall has been blessed with seven children: George F., who is now a merchant of Kansas; Anna; Ivan B.; Ethel; Ray; and Nina and Viva, twins. The parents are consistent and faithful members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and Mr. Gutshall is a democrat. who has held various school and road offices. He is interested in all that pertains to the welfare of the community and its substantial progress, and gradually he is making advancement on the road to success, being now numbered among the substantial agriculturists of his community.

Charles N. Gaumer

Charles XN. Gaumer, who for many years was prominently known as one of the leading democratic editors of Ohio, is now retired from active connection with business affairs but is still financially interested in various corporations and business concerns. He was born in Adamsville, Muskingum county, Ohio, November 19, 1849. His father, Jonathan Gaumer, was a native of the same county, a carpenter and farmer. He married Mahala Barrett and died in the vear 1895. his widow still surviving at the age of eighty-four years. The family were long pioneers of Muskingum county, coming to Ohio a century ago from Somerset county, Pennsylvania. Jacob Gaumer, the great-grandfather of our subject. was an officer in the Revolutionary war, and was present at the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. He came to Ohio with his family in the vear 1805 and located near Zanesville. His son. Daniel Gaumer, grandfather of Charles N., came to Ohio three years later and established his home in the then unbroken forest. a few miles north of Zanesville. He was a soldier in the war of 1812.

Charles N. Gaumer was the second in a family of nine children, of whom six are vet living. His boyhood davs were spent near Adamsville on a farm, to which his father removed when he was but a young lad. His education was acquired in the country schools and at the age of eighteen vears he began teaching, following the profession for five vears. He then entered the field of journalism as city editor of the Zanesville Signal, and after a short time, when he had become familar with newspaper publication in its various phases. he purchased the St. Clairsville Gazette, taking charge on the Ist of- November, 1873. He conducted that paper successfully until February 1, 1888, when he came to Mansfield and purchased the Shield and Banner, one of the leading weekly newspapers of Ohio. He continued to issue this as a weekly paper until June, 1888, when he also established the Daily Shield, conducting the two until January 1, 1894, when the Shield Publishing Company was organized, Mr. Gaumer remaining as manager of the corporation until July, 1896, when he sold his interest and retired. During his ownership of those papers he acted alternately as business manager and editor, according to the needs of the situation, and sometimes served in both capacities. The Shield has practically been the only democratic organ of Richland county, although there were two other democratic papers in existence when he entered the ranks of journalism in Richland county, but, like several others that have since been started, they were short lived. That as editor of the Shield he was an earnest and influential worker for the party is evidenced by the fact that democracy has never been so strong since as when he was publishing the Shield. Under his guidance and control the business was rapidly increased and he soon gained'a large subscription list for both the weekly and daily editions, the paper proving a suceess from a financial standpoint as well as from an influential one. He at all times embraced and utilized the most advanced ideas in connection with modern journalism and gave to the public a dignified, but vigorous and entertaining sheet, devoted not only to political interests, but to the dissemination of local and general news, in such a manner as to insure the continuance of a liberal patronage. While he has now retired from active connection with business management, Mr. Gaumer is still a director of the Bank of Mansfield and of the Zanesville Tile Company and is interested in many other commercial and financial concerns.

In community affairs he has wielded a wide and helpful influence and has always stood for progress and improvement in all lines relating to the general good. A stanech democrat since age conferred upon him the right of franchise, he has taken an active part in local and state politics and was chairman of the central and executive committees in Belmont county for six years prior to his removal to Mansfield. His work in that capacity was most gratifving to the followers of the party. He aided in carefully systematizing the working forces and securing results which enhanced the interests of democracy in that loealitv. He was also a member of the city council of St. Clairsville, and in 1889, after his removal to Mansfield, he was a candidate on the democratic ticket for the state legislature, the strongest contest then being for the nomination, in which his opponent was Judge Mansfield, then a popular voung attorney. This contest, in which Mr. Gaumer was victorious. was one of the most bitter ever fought in Richland county, though the contestants remained good friends throughout the struggle. Mr. Gaumer was elected that fall and was reelected in 1891. serving two terms of two years each as one of the lawmakers of the state. He gave careful consideration to each question that came up for settlement and championed many progressive measures. In 1880 he was a candidate for presidential elector, on the ticket headed by General Hancock.

While Mr. Gaumer was a member of the state legislature, his brother, Daniel H., was representative from the Zanesville district in the state senate. He was also a newspaper man, as was their older brother, Thomas M. Gaumer. The former published the Zanesville Signal, while the latter was publisher of the Urbana Democrat. Both are now deceased. At the present writing Charles N. Gaumer is a member of the board of trustees of the Ohio State School for the Blind, at Columbus. being appointed by Governor Herrick in 1905 for a term of five vears. He has also been a director of Wittenberg College at Springfield, Ohio, for the past sixteen years and is a director of the Young Men's Christian Association at Mansfield. His fraternal relations are with the Knights of Pythias and of St. Luke's Lutheran church, in which he is serving as elder.

On the 22d of October, 1874. Mr. Gaumer was married at Adamsville, Ohio, to Miss Susan Slater, a daughter of Harrison V. Slater, a prominent farmer of that place. Their home is a beautiful residence at No. 30 South Mulberry street. which was erected by Mr. Gaumer twenty-two years ago.