Wakeman Township (part 2 of 21)

Mr. Galley has been married twice. In 1854, he wedded Miss Kathryn E. Griswold, a daughter of George W. and Rose Griswold, of Norwich township. She met with a sudden and tragic end, being killed in 1881 at Havana, Ohio, by a Baltimore & Ohio Railroad train. On the 20th of February, 1883, Mr. Galley was again married, his second union being with Miss Elizabeth R. Ryerson, a native of Vernon, New Jersey, and a daughter of Nicholas and Serepta (Simonson) Ryerson, who were likewise born in Vernon, New Jersey. The father, whose birth occurred in 1813, was called to his final rest in 1861, while the mother was born in 1817 and passed away in 1897. In the year 1841, when their daughter, Mrs. Galley was a little maiden of six years, they took up their abode in Peru township, this county. Nicholas Ryerson acted as superintendent of the Baptist Sunday school for more than twenty-five years. Unto him and his wife were born eleven children, namely: Elizabeth R.; Christopher S., a resident of Portland, Michigan; Mary, the deceased wife of John Lattimore, of Norwalk, Ohio; John R., living in Norwalk, Ohio; Hannah, the deceased wife of John Hollaway ; Emeline, who is the wife of Frank Brown, of Huron county ; Nicholas, of Peru township; Walter and William, both of whom reside in Norwalk, Ohio; Serepta, who has passed away ; and Margaret, who is the wife of F. E. Hickson and makes her home near Toledo, Ohio.

Of late years Mr. Galley has given his political allegiance to the men and measures of the republican party and has served in the position of school director, the cause of education ever finding in him a stalwart champion. He has now passed the eightieth milestone on life's journey and, having spent practically the entire time in Huron county, no man is more familiar with its history or with events which have left their impress upon its annals and no man of this section of the state is held in more uniform respect and regard than is he of whom we write.

Adelbert S. Vail, who is serving as assistant in the auditor's office at Norwalk, was born on the 24th of April, 1889. His father, David Vail, whose birth occurred in Newfield, Tompkins county, New York, on the Ist of October, 1811, was long numbered among the most honored and respected citizens of Huron county, with the upbuilding and development of which he was identified from early pioneer times. In 1833, when a young man of twenty-two years, he emigrated to Ohio, driving and walking all the way through almost a continuous wilderness. He located first at Elyria, which was a little settlement consisting of a meeting house and two or three small buildings. A few years prior to his death, in response to a letter received from the editor of a local paper requesting information regarding his pioneer experiences, Mr. Vail wrote, in part, as follows:

"T passed through Elyria the last of November of 1833 with my uncle, Joseph Linderman, on my way from the state of New York to Carlisle, Lorain county, about six miles south of Elyria, where his brother-in-law had lived for some time. That winter I went to work at Elyria, cutting cordwood for a cast-iron furnace, which was situated at or near the junction of the east and west branches of Black river. The iron company kept a store and paid the hands in what was called 'iron money,' a bill which was redeemable in goods from the store. * * * I do not known what the population of Elyria was at that time, but there was besides the iron works, three or four stores, a boarding house and a church, the bell of which rang at the time it rained stars. That winter I went to Oberlin (then called the Presbyterian Colony) to school, about two months, until the teacher became sick and the school closed. I went back to Elyria to work, staying until July, when I came to Huron county." While living at Elyria he helped to build the first road along the Black river into the village of Lorain. On coming to this county he settled at Olena and turned his attention to general agricultural pursuits, with which he was successfully identified throughout his active life. He likewise conducted a general mercantile store in Olean for several years and in all of his undertakings met with a commendable and well deserved measure of prosperity, being a man of excellent business ability and keen discrimination.

On the 7th of December, 1845, David Vail was married at Fairfield, Huron county, to Almira Adams, of Symphronius, Cayuga county, New York. She passed away on the sth of January, 1887, leaving five children: David W., Leonard A., John J., Alice and Charles W. On the roth of April, 1888, Mr. Vail was again married, his second union being with Miss Ellen Jeanette Sweet, who was born on the 29th of June, 1846, her parents being Charles R. and Elizabeth (Hodges) Sweet. father, whose birth occurred in Onondaga county, New York, August 18, 1814, came to Huron county in 1844 and, purchasing a farm, was actively engaged in general agricultural pursuits throughout the remainder of his life. He was called to his final rest on the 17th of September, 1870. On the 25th of January, 1842, he had wedded Miss Elizabeth Hodges, who was born June 24, 1823, and whose demise occurred on the 4th of September, 1866. Unto Mr. Vail and his second wife was born a son, Adelbert SF Of CNIS review.

When twenty-one years of age David Vail cast his first vote for Andrew Jackson, who had again been nominated as the presidential candidate of the democracy. In 1884, during President Cleveland's first administration, he was appointed postmaster of Olena, but when Benjamin Harrison was elected chief executive he gave up the office and served as a notary public for many years. When Cleveland was reelected president the postmastership was again tendered Mr. Vail, but he declined, preferring to live a retired life, free from business and official cares. At the time of his death he was one of the oldest residents in the county, and also one of the oldest members of the Baptist church, which he joined in early life. He passed away at his home in Olena on the 28th of January, I907, at the venerable age of ninety-five years, three months and twentyeight days, and thus the county was called upon to mourn the loss of one of its most honored, esteemed and influential pioneer residents. In a review of his life, written by one of the local papers at the time of his demise, we find the following statement: "Mr. Vail was a good type of the old-fashioned York state stock, an honorable and sincere man who won respect by faithfulness, integrity and genial personal qualities and he doubtless never knew how considerable an impression his fine character made his many friends and acquaintances." His aid and influence could always be counted upon to further any movement or measure instituted to promote the general welfare, # he was a most public-spirited, loyal and progressive citizen.

Adelbert S. Vail, whose name initiates this review, is a graduate of the Olena schools and also completed a course in the business college at Norwalk, in 1905. He is now capably discharging the duties devolving upon him as deputy in the office of the auditor at Norwalk and, although but twenty years of age, has already gained favorable recognition as a young man of much promise and ability.

George H. Mains

George H. Mains brought forth the first edition of the Wakeman Independent Press on the roth of September, 1875, and since that date has not missed a weekly publication of the paper. He is well known as a representative of journalistic interests in this part of the state and through the columns of the Press has done much to further the welfare and promote the progress of the town in which he resides. He was born November 23, 1833, in Athens, Sometsc: county, Maine, his parents being John and Lura Ann (Boston) Mains, who emigrated to Ohio in 1836 and settled in Russia township, Lorain county. In the family were twelve children, of whom the two eldest died in infancy, George H. being the eldest of those who reached years of maturity. The others were: Elvira; John; Emeline; Acquilla and Priscilla, twins; Lura A who became a noted evangelist of the Free Will Baptist church; Lorenzo; Sumner B.; and Mary. The last named is the wife of Gilbert Treadwell, a blacksmith of Union City, Michigan, while Emeline was the wife of Darwin Peckham of Lincoln, Nebraska, who went to that city when it was first laid out and became a prominent contractor and builder there, erecting many of the public buildings He died there several years ago. John Mains, the father of this family, was a blacksmith and worked at his trade throughout his active life, following that pursuit in Lorain and Erie counties, Ohio, and afterward in Calhoun county, Michigan, to which place he removed in 1852, there spending his remaining days. His death occurred in Coldwater, Michigan, about twenty years ago.

George H. Mains was educated in the common schools of Erie county and as a young man learned the cabinetmaker's trade at Birmingham, Ohio. He accompanied the family on their removal to Michigan in 1852, but only remained in that state for three years, after which he returned to Erie county, Ohio, 1856. There he continued to work at the cabinetmaker's trade and became well known in the community not only by reason of his business affairs but also owing to the fact that he took quite an active part in the campaign for Fremont and Dayton. He became one of the early advocates of the republican party and voted twice for Lincoln and once for Grant but in 1872 he supported Horace Greely and since that time has been voting the prohibition ticket, taking an active interest in promoting the cause of temperance along political lines and in private life as well.

In 1863 Mr. Mains gave up his trade as a cabinetmaker and turned his attention to mercantile pursuits, with which he was connected for a number of years. He was also a traveling salesman for a Cleveland house for three years and later he became a stencil cutter, being thus engaged for several years in Ohio and Michigan. In 1870 he began the publication of the Literary Pearl, a monthly paper in which were produced the writings of his two sisters, Elvira, who was a teacher, and Lura Ann, a missionary worker. This was continued until 1875 when he was induced by the merchants of Wakeman to remove to this town and establish a paper as the town was then without one and the merchants wished an advertising medium. Accordingly in August, 1875, he came to Wakeman and established the office and on the roth of September, 1875, brought forth the first issue of the Wakeman Independent Press, which has since been produced weekly to the present time. The paper has wielded a wide influence for great good in the community, being the champion of every measure calculated to promote public progress, reform and improvement. It has always been utilized for the dissemination of general and local news and now has both a good circulation and advertising patronage.

Mr. Mains has been married twice. In 1858 he wedded Miss Jane B. Harrison, a daughter of Thomas Harrison, a farmer of Erie county. She lived for only two years after her marriage, her death occurring in 1860. In 1862 Mr. Mains wedded Miss Ann E. Cross, a daughter of Bartlett Cross. They had three children: Elmer E. and George B., both now deceased; and Anson Perry, who is associated with his father in the publication of the Press. Mr. Mains has a nice home and a fine little truck farm in addition to his newspaper. He is a man, active in local affairs and was the first one to carry the daily mail from Birmingham to Wakeman, making the round trip, a distance of sixteen miles, for sixty-two and a half cents. This was in 1858. While he has always been interested in public measures he has never been a candidate for office. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church and has been interested and active in this work for a half century, serving almost constantly throughout this period as one of the church officials and as a Sunday-school worker, frequently acting as superintendent of the Sunday school. He stands for all that is progressive and beneficial in the community and his labors have been of far-reaching influence in promoting Wakeman's welfare.

George Avery

George Avery, a farmer of Lyme township, Huron county, is the owner of seventy-six acres of land, upon which he has made his home for more than a quarter of a century. He was born in this township, April I9, 1851, the son of Luther and Susanna (Ford) Avery. The father was born in New London county, Connecticut, but came as a young boy with his father, Dudley Avery, to Ohio and settled in Lyme township, near Hunte's Corners. Here he pursued farming all his life, and the task and labor of cultivating the soil in a comparatively early part of the history of the county was a much more difficult thing than it is today, and required the greater part of his time. He died February 22, 1895. A family of six children, however, soon grew up and were able to afford him considerable assistance. They were Henry A.; Mary, deceased; George; James O.; Edmond W.; and Addie R.

George Avery has spent all of his life in this township. He received his early training under the guidance of his parents at home and in the district schools, where he learned all that these institutions could impart to him. Farming has been his occupation throughout life, for as a boy he did his full share about the home from the time that he was old enough to be intrusted with the responsibilities of the household chores and was able to carry water to those working in the fields, until he too was able to do a man's work ploughing or making hay. By the time, therefore, that he had compassed the period of youth he was fully competent to assume the full management of a farm of his own and was skilled in the best methods of winning from the land its most bounteous returns.

On the 29th of October, 1878, Mr. Avery was united in marriage to Miss Nellie C. Eaton, a daughter of Delos and Calista (Stebbins) Eaton. This family, like the Averys, were among the early settlers of this part of the county, where they have spent the greater part of their long and useful lives. There have been two children born to Mr. and Mrs. Avery: Ethel L. and Ralph.

During the thirty years that he has lived upon his present farm, Mr. Avery has considerably improved it and the quality of the produce he wins from it, for he is a man who is ever on the alert to grasp such means as will contribute to his own convenience and increase the efficiency of his working power. He professes the creed of the Congregational church, and his daily life bears evidence that his profession is not merely a form. He is highly thought of among those who have had relations with him, for he is a man whose quiet life, filled with hard work, contributes its share to the good citizenship of the county.

Rev. John A. Schaffeld

Rev. John A. Schaffeld, pastor of St. Paul's church in Norwalk, was born in Baltimore, Maryland, a son of John Bernard Schaffeld, who was a native of Germany. In his boyhood days the father came with his parents to the new world, the family home being established in Baltimore. In 1867 a removal was made to Cleveland, where for twenty years Mr. Schaffeld made his home, passing away in 1886 at the age of forty-six years. In early manhood he had married Christina Teresa Koenig, a native of Rhenish Prussia, whose father was an officer in the French army. She is still living and is a well preserved woman for

Rev. John A. Schaffeld was reared in Cleveland, pursuing his early education in St. Peter's parochial school. His classical course was obtained at Canisius College in Duffalo, while his preparation for the priesthood was made in St. Mary's Seminary at Cleveland. Having determined to devote his life to the cause of the church he was ordained to the priesthood on the 17th of December, 1892, and then for eight and a half years was pastor of the church of St. Mary's in Fulton county, Ohio. On the expiration of that period he came to Norwalk, where he has since remained in charge of the parish of St. Paul's church. He is a genial and popular gentleman, high-minded, a liberal man interested in the cause of general education and most active and efficient in the work of the church, doing much for the spread of Catholicism in this locality.

Captain C. C. Cook, a well known and highly esteemed citizen of Bellevue, where he is conducting a fire insurance agency and is also serving as justice of the peace, which position he has capably and acceptably filled for about sixteen years, was born in a little log cabin in this city January 1, 1838, and therefore has been a witness of the growth and development oi the city and county for more than three score years and ten. His parents were Nathan S. and Eliza ( Dixon) Cook, early residents of this part of the state. The father was born in Seneca county, New York, in 1809 and died in 1850 when returning from California. He was one of the first to go to the Pacific coast on the discovery of gold in that section of the country. He had come to Ohio in pioneer times and was closely, actively and helpfully associated with the work of earlv development and improvement. His wife, who was born in Meadville, Pennsylvania, in 1816, died in Huron county in 1879. at the age of sixty-three years. They were the parents of six children: C. C.; Robert and Mary C., who are both deceased; James D. ; and Charles G. and Ellen, who have passed away.

Captain Cook of this review has always resided at Bellevue, save for the period of his service in the United States army, spending his youthful days in his mother's home - his father having died when the son was but twelve years of age - he pursued his education in the public schools of Bellevue and later in preparation for a professional career entered the Buffalo Medical College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1867. He practiced medicine in Bellevue for one year. the meantime, however, he had rendered active aid to his country as a soldier of the Civil War. He watched with interest the progress of the events in the south, preceding the outbreak of hostilities, believed that no state had the right to withdraw from the Union and in April, 1861, at the first call for seventyfive thousand men, he enlisted at Bellevue and went to Camp Denison, where he joined the First Zouave Regiment. Becoming a private of Company D, he was soon advanced to the rank of sergeant and participated in a large number of battles and skirmishes, including the engagements at Fayetteville, Virginia, and the Toiand and Averil! raid to West Virginia. He also went on the Hunter raid to Lynchburg in 1864 and up the Shenandoah valley under Sheridan. He was in- jured at Princeton and because of this was detailed for duty as hospital steward of the regiment. He remained at the front until the close of hostilities and was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, in 1865, returning to his home with a most creditable military record. It was subsequent to this time that he studied medicine for a year in Bellevue, but in 1868 he again proffered his military aid to the country and entered the United States Regular Army, joining General Custer at Fort Harker, Kansas. He was in the regular service for about ten years, acted for a time as inspector on General Hancock's staff and visited all the forts from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Yuma and from British Columbia to the gulf. Promotion won him the rank of captain of cavalry and he worthily won his officer's stripes.

On retiring from the army, Captain Cook returned to Bellevue. He was married in 1879 to Miss Emma Murdock, a daughter of Hiram and Carolina Murdock of Orleans county, New York. Mrs. Cook, who was an estimable lady and enjoyed the friendship of many with whom she came in contact, departed this life in I903.

Captain Cook is well known in Masonic circles, holding membership in the lodge, chapter and council at Bellevue and in the Knight Templar Commandery of Norwalk, Ohio. He also affiliates with the Royal Arcanum and the Knights of the Maccabees and is a past commander of the Grand Army Post of Bellevue. In the work of these organizations, he takes an active interest and finds special delight in the camp fires of his post where are recalled the scenes and incidents of warfare in the south. He went through all the usual experiences of the regular soldier on the frontier of the west and as commanding officer of his company, he enjoyed to the fullest extent the confidence and respect of those who served under him. Since resuming his residence in Bellevue, he has engaged in the fire insurance business, in which connection he has secured a good clientage. During sixteen years service as justice of the peace, his decisions have ever been strictly fair and impartial and indicate that he is as loyal to the interests of his country in times of peace as when he followed the old flag on the battlefields of the south or protected the nation's standard upon the western plains.

Hiram R. Boardman

He whose name initiates this review needs no special introduction to the readers of this volume, for he is a representative of one of the old pioneer families of the county and is, moreover, well known throughout the community as an aviarist of considerable note, being perhaps the best authority on bee culture in Huron county.

Hiram R. Boardman was born on the 2d of April, 1834, in old Swanzey, New Hampshire, near the home of Denman Thompson, and is a son of Hiram and Delia (Richardson) Boardman. The family was established in Huron county in June, 1835, the father, prior to that time, having made a trip to the middle west, traveling most of the distance on foot. Attracted by the splendid opportunities offered by this great and growing country, he returned east for his family and brought them by way of the Erie canal to Buffalo and thence to Huron by lake steamer, while the remainder of the journey was made by wagon. At the time of their arrival in Huron county the state of Ohio was still little more than a wilderness, its lands remaining largely unclaimed and its resources undeveloped. The early settlers had cleared tiny openings the forest where they had built their log cabins, while the work of progress and improvement had scarcely been begun. the years passed, however, Hiram Boardman, Sr., bore his full share in the work of transformation and improvement and became a prominent and influential member of the community. He was a blacksmith by trade and followed that occupation after coming to Huron county. taught school for three years subsequent to his arrival here and was also identified with the agricultural interests of this county. He became active in public affairs and was called upon to fill almost all of the local offices of the township, including that of township clerk, trustee and justice of the peace, while for many years he was postmaster of Townsend at a time when the mail was carried from Norwalk on horseback. It was while he was acting as trustee that the township house, a very creditable brick building which yet stands, was built. He was deeply interested in and a stanch champion of the cause of education, and every matter or measure which had for its object the substantial growth and upbuilding of the community found in him a ready sympathizer and cooperant. He was well known and prominent among the early settlers of Huron county, and occupied a high place in the esteem and regard of his fellowmen. His death occurred April 15, 1871, while his wife survived until the 18th of June, 1899. They were both buried in the Townsend cemetery. In their family were five children: Hiram R., Horace H., Marcia, Electa and Wyman, all of whom are yet living.

Accompanying his parents to Ohio when but one year of age, Hiram R. Boardman was therefore reared in Huron county and attended the district schools in the acquirement of his early education. He later studied for a time in the special school at Collins, after which he devoted some time to teaching in Wood county. Subsequently withdrawing from that profession, however, he became employed in his father's shingle mill on the home farm and later purchased the mill, which he operated on his own account for several years. in 1854, the year following the border troubles, he went to Kansas and took up one hundred and sixty acres of land, upon which he remained for one year. After his return to Ohio he spent a year in the Pennsylvania oil fields as a tool dresser and then became identified with agricultural interests, exchanging his property in Kansas for a farm in Townsend Center, upon which he has since resided. Here he engages in general farming and devotes the greater portion of his time and attention to his bee interests. Since a young man he has made a careful study of bees and their habits, specializing along improved and modern methods of handling them. He has been a large contributor to the foremost bee journals in the country and is perhaps the best authority and judge of bees in Huron county. He is a taxidermist of considerable ability and has a collection of birds and animals that has few equals among private collections and would make a valuable addition to any museum.

Mr. Boardman was united in marriage 1873 to Miss Eliza Lord, a daughter of Calif and Susan Lord of Bowling Green, Wood county. No children came to bless this union but Mr. and Mrs. Boardman adopted into their home a daughter, Ivon May, who is the life and light of the household. Politically Mr. Boardman has voted the democratic ticket since age conferred upon him the right of franchise, but he has never desired nor sought public office. Although he has many times been selected by his fellow citizens as a candidate for various offices, he has, nevertheless, declined the nomination. For many years he was a member of the board of education and has been deeply interested in the cause of education, being a stanch champion thereof. Fraternally he is a member of Townsend Lodge, No. 322, E. & A. M., and has been very active in Masonic circles. He holds membership in the Townsend Grange, and is also affiliated with the Patrons of Husbandry, in the affairs of which he has been prominent and active. He is preeminently a public-spirited citizen, prominent and active in public affairs, and is held in the highest respect and esteem by his fellowmen. His various interests have been such as constitute a well-rounded character, appreciative of all that goes to make up life's contacts and relations, while the consensus of public opinion accords him a most enviable position among the honored and valued representatives of Huron county.

Balsor Lehman

Balsor Lehman owns a neat and well improved farm of one hundred and seventy-four acres, situated in Sherman township, where he is now practically living retired, leaving the more active work of the fields to his son. the name indicates, Mr. Lehman is of German birth, his natal day being January 6, 1827. His parents, Nicholas and Mary Lehman, emigrated to the United States in the year 1833 and made a location in Stark county, Ohio, where they spent about twelve years. They then sold out in that county and took up their abode in Seneca county, this state, purchasing property near St. Stephens, where they made their home until 1863, when they removed to Sherman township, Huron county, and purchased the farm, which is now owned by our subject.

Balsor Lehman was a little lad of but six years at the time of the emigration of the family to the new world. It was during the twelve years' residence of the family in Stark county that he acquired his education in the district schools. He accompanied his parents on their various removals up to the time of their arrival in Sherman township. He is now the owner of the old homestead property, which has been in possession of the family since 1863, or for a period of forty-six years. Since taking possession Mr. Lehman has made a number of substantial improvements and he now has a nice country residence, good barn and substantial outbuildings to shelter his grain and stock, and everything about the place is kept in a state of good repair, indicating the practical and progressive methods of the owner. He has here one hundred and seventy-four acres of land and for many years was actively engaged in the work of the farm but as he has now passed the seventy-second milestone on the journey of life, he is practically living retired, while his son John manages the place.

It was in Seneca county, this state, that Mr. Lehman chose a companion and helpmate in the person of Miss Elizabeth Bunn, their marriage being celebrated on the 17th of August, 1862. She is a daughter of Martin and Katharine Bunn, and by her marriage has become the mother of ten children. Lea, the eldest, was born in Seneca county. Martin, the next in order of birth, wedded Miss Anna Glassner of Fremont and they have had nine children, as follows: Charles, Amelia, Reuben, John, Romie, Loretta, Harold, Arthur, and one who died in infancy. Mary became the wife of Peter Grulich of Seneca county, Ohio, but is now deceased. She was the mother of five children, John, Clara, Fred, George, and Victor, deceased. the fourth member of the Lehman family, has departed this life. Victor is the wife of Frank Ruffing and resides at Cadiz, Ohio. They have had eight children but two died in infancy, the others being Alfa, Nora, Bert, Solomon, Harold and Ralph. Anna is the wife of Joe Falter, of Seneca county, their home being in East Norwalk. They have seven children, Frank, Gertrude, Clem, Louisa, Charles, Urbin and Lea. Louisa first wedded John West, of Tiffin, Ohio, and later became the wife of Sam Higgins, their home being in California. Elizabeth is the wife of John Garhardstein, a resident of Seneca county. They have had a family of eight children but two of the number died in infancy, the living members being Robert, Albert, Loretta, Tillie, Gertrude and Oscar. John lives at home and operates the farm. Rose is the wife of Leo Leable, of Tiffin, by whom she has five children, Zenobia, Justice, Harold, Leo and Rush.

Mr. Lehman is a democrat in politics and on that ticket was elected constable, in which office he served three years. He is a communicant of the Catholic church, holding membership in the church in Thompson township, Seneca county. In his earlier years he led a very busy and active life and accumulated a property that now enables him to live retired, enjoying a well earned rest. He leaves the active work of the farm to his son John, who is an enterprising and progressive young farmer. His fraternal relations are with the Eagles and the Red Men. The Lehman family is an old and prominent one in Sherman township and the hospitality of the best homes in this section is freely accorded them.

The life history of Dr. E. V. B. Buckingham constitutes an important chapter in the records of Huron county. He has never sought to figure prominently in political circles or public life and yet his ability in his profession and his worth as a man and a citizen entitle him to classification with the leading representatives of the community. He was born in Mansfield, Ohio, August 11, 1839, and has therefore reached the seventieth milestone on life's journey. His parents were Ezekiel and Catharine A. (Williams) Buckingham, natives of Baltimore, Maryland, and of Pennsylvania, respectively. The father arrived in Richmond township, Huron county, in 1842, and engaged in farming, his place of residence being about a mile from Chicago Junction. There year after year he carefully tilled the soil and carried on his work until his death in 1882, when he was

Dr. Buckingham acquired his early education in the country schools and afterward received the benefit of instruction in Plymouth high school. Subsequently he engaged in teaching in Richmond and New Haven townships for eight terms and at the same time he devoted his leisure hours to the study of medicine. His educational privileges were not equal to those which boys of the present day enjoy, for there was no school in the township at the time of his arrival. His mother, however, was a lady of intelligence and instructed him in many things, so that he learned much under her direction. He improved his opportunities of attending school as the occasion offered and has always been a broad reader, keeping in touch with the current thought of the day, while at the same time in his profession he has made continuous progress by his reading and investigation. In 1864 he was graduated in medicine from the Michigan University, at Ann Arbor, and in 1872 won the M. D. degree at Miami Medical College in Cincinnati. He began practice in Centerton, a village which has since given place to Chicago Junction, and in the intervening years he has remained at this location, enjoying alarge and substantial practice. He has ministered to various families for many years until the children have grown up and reared families of their own. Throughout all the intervening period he has kept in touch with the trend of modern professional thought through his comprehensive study and is regarded today as one of the best informed physicians of the county. He has been honored with the presidency of the County Medical Society and holds membership with the State and American Medical Associations and also the Northwestern Medical Association. He is likewise a member of the International Association of Railway Surgeons and for eighteen years he filled the position of surgeon for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad.

In 1886 Dr. Buckingham was united in marriage to Miss Effie W. Pitts, a native of Richland county, Ohio, and unto them have been born two sons, Mendenhall and Huron E. W. The doctor is an Odd Fellow in his fraternal relations and in religious faith is a Methodist. His life has ever been actuated by high and honorable principles, manifest in citizenship as well as in professional relations. Not to know Dr. Buckingham in Chicago Junction and this part of the county is to argue one's self unknown. He is one of the most respected and reliable citizens, a man who has always stood four square to every wind that blows and who in every relation of life can be depended upon to conserve the interests of those things which are best and most worthy.

John G. Houle

John G. Houle, a well known and prosperous agriculturist of Lyme township, is the owner of a finely improved farm of one hundred and eleven acres, most of which is in Erie county. His birth occurred in Lyme township on the 28th of January, 1856, his parents being William H. and Lucy (Gaydon) Houle, both of whom were natives of Devonshire, England, where they were married.

Almost immediately after the ceremony they sailed for the new world and on reaching the United States took up their abode in Lyme township, Huron county, the father here working as a farm hand for a number of years. Carefully saving his earnings, he was at length enabled to purchase a farm of his own and in 1876 bought the property which is now in possession of his sons, John G. and Fred, being successfully engaged in its cultivation and improvement until he passed away in 1892 at the age of sixty-four years. His wife, who survived him for several years, died on the 8th of February, 1899, when sixty-eight years of age. They were devoted and faithful members of the Lyme Congregational church and were well known and highly esteemed throughout the community as people of genuine personal worth and upright lives. Their children were seven in number, namely: William H.; John G., of this review ; Jennie and Lucy, who are deceased; Frank, who is a professor in the schools at Martins Ferry; Ida, who has likewise passed away; and Fred, who with his brother, J. G., cultivates the home farm.

John G. Houle obtained his education in the district schools and with the exception of one year, which he spent on the old Wright farm in Groton township, Erie county, has continuously been a resident of Lyme township from his birth to the present time. Since putting aside his text-books he has given his undivided attention to the work of the fields and, as before stated, is now the owner of an excellent farm of one hundred and eleven acres, which was purchased by his father from George Dole. The place is under a high state of cultivation and gives every evidence of his careful supervision and practical methods.

On the 5th of December, 1890, Mr. Houle was united in marriage to Miss Kate Becker, a daughter of Barney and Caroline (Beeler) Becker, who were early settlers of Lyme township. By reason of their long residence in this county both Mr. and Mrs. Houle are widely and favorably known here and the hospitality of their own home is greatly enjoyed by their many friends.

John Norman

John Norman, a retired farmer of Lyme township, Huron county, and the owner of one hundred and ten acres of land on which he lives, was born in England, March 30, 1835, the son of John and Mary (Ellis) Norman. Both parents died in the country which had always been their home, but in their lifetime had given to the world ten children, of whom John Norman and a younger brother Zachariah and one sister, Sarah Ann, who were the sixth, seventh and ninth in the family, respectively, alone survive, Samuel, Lydia, Ellis, Charles, Diana, Jesse and an infant having passed away.

John Norman came to the United States in 1858 and settled in Lyme township, Huron county, Ohio. At first he worked around for different farmers here until he was able to rent a small tract of land to cultivate for his own interests. By hard and diligent work, he was soon able to save up enough money to buy a little farm. This he cultivated up to a higher grade of productiveness, sold, and until his good management and labor made it possible for him to purchase his present large farm in 1879. It was originally part of the old Sawyer farm, and is a valuable piece of land today, for Mr. Norman with knowing skill has improved it in every way possible. Some years ago, he gave up the active duties of life, rented his farm, and now lives in the enjoyment of a well deserved rest and comfort.

Mr. Norman was married twice. His first wife was Miss Sarah Ann Carpenter, by whom he had six children, but Charles and the youngest died infancy. Of the other four, William E., living in Lyme township, married Miss Dora Daniels and has five sons, Roy, John, Ben, Gus and William; Mary M. is the wife of Gus Hesstler, of Bellevue; John lives at home; and Samuel M. married Miss Lena Wright and lives at Norwalk. He is the father of two children, Percy and Lillian M. Mr. Norman was again married December 24, 1886, his second union being with Mrs. Jane (Norman) Francis, the widow of Richard Francis, and the daughter of Samuel and Deborah (Pickering) Norman. Both her parents were born in England, the father in 1812, the mother in 1815. They came to this country when their daughter Jane was eighteen years of age and were accounted old settlers in this locality. Mrs. Norman was third in a family of five, of whom she and the oldest son, Samuel, alone survive, Anna, John and Eliza having passed away. By her former husband, Mrs. Norman had seven children: George W., who lives at home; Eliza A., who married Frank Ekert, of Norwalk, and is the mother of one child, Carl; Albert, now deceased, who martied Miss Lottie Pence, and left three children, Mabel, Ralph and Leona; Cora, the wife of Fred Willard, of Cleveland, and the mother of three children, Ernest, Viola and Grace ; and three little ones who died in infancy.

Mr. Norman is a member of the Episcopal church, but his wife is a regular attendant at the services of St. Joseph's Catholic church of Monroeville. He is a man who has lived the active years of his life profitably and well and has made many friends who do not begrudge him the rest he has so well earned nor the comfort he is now permitted to enjoy.

L Jay Gieford

L. Jay Gifford, owning and operating a farm of one hundred and seventyfive acres in Fitchville township, is an agriculturist whose well directed energy and keen foresight are bringing to him a creditable measure of prosperity. His birth occurred Genesee county, New York, on the 5th of February, 1857, his parents being Fernando and Maria L. (Green) Gifford, both of whom were likewise natives of Genesee county. The father was born July 20, 1825, while the mother first opened her eyes to the light of day, December 6, 1827. In 1818, Zalmon Green, the maternal grandfather of our subject, walked from Cayuga county, New York, to Fitchville, Huron county, Ohio, a distance of four hundred miles. Fernando Gifford, the father of L. Jay Gifford, followed general agricultural pursuits throughout the greater part of his life, meeting with success in his undertakings. In 1863 he made his way from the Empire state to this county, here purchasing a tract of land of one hundred and twenty acres, a portion of which is now comprised within the boundaries of the farm belonging to his son, L. Jay Gifford. His political allegiance was given to the republican party and he was deeply interested in all matters pertaining to the general welfare. For several terms he capably discharged the duties devolving upon him in the position of township trustee. In religious faith he was a Presbyterian and his life was at all times in harmony with the teachings of that church. His demise occurred July 17, 1893, and was deeply mourned by an extensive circle of friends and acquaintances. His wife, whom he wedded May 10, 1852, was called to her final rest September 6, 1902.

L. Jay Gifford was a little lad of six years when he accompanied his parents on the journey to Huron county in 1863. Reared on the home farm, he early became familiar with the duties and labors which fall to the lot of the agriculturist and which have claimed his time and energies throughout his entire business career. Subsequent to the death of his father he took up his abode on the old family homestead, looking after his mother's interests until she, too, passed away. As time has passed and his financial resources have increased, owing to his untiring industry and judicious management, he has added to his landed holdings by additional purchase until his farm now embraces one hundred and seventy-five acres in Fitchville township. The soil is rich and productive and responds readily to cultivation, so that he annually gathers bounteous harvests which find a good sale on the market.

On the 13th of September, 1883, Mr. Gifford was joined in wedlock to Miss Marion B. Smith, a daughter of Thomas and Joanna Smith, of Fitchville. Their union has been blessed with one son, J. Floyd, who was born June 29, 1885, and is still under the parental roof.

Mr. Gifford is a stalwart republican in his political views but, though he is deeply interested in matters of public concern and has frequently been solicited to become a candidate for various positions, he has no desire for the honors and emoluments of office, preferring to give his undivided attention to his private affairs. He belongs to the Grange and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Presbyterian church. he has lived for many years in this county, he was a wide acquaintance here and his friends know him as an enterprising farmer and a man of genuine worth.

Noble G. Hurst

Noble G. Hurst, whose carefully directed labors as an agriculturist and sheep raiser in former years brought him the competence that now enables him to live retired, was born in Henrietta, Lorain county, Ohio, on the 20th of September, 1856, his parents being John and Mary A. (Longway) Hurst. The paternal grandparents, John and Elizabeth (Drien) Hurst, were native« of Lincolnshire, England, and the grandfather served as a soldier in the English army for thirtytwo years, participating in the wars of his country during that period. He was stationed at Quebec and during his military service crossed the ocean four times. After being honorably discharged from the army he established his home in Quebec, where he spent the remainder of his life. John Hurst, the father of our subject, made the journey from Quebec to Ohio in company with his young bride, a settlement being made in Henrietta, Lorain county. His financial resources were very limited at the time of his arrival in this state but he possessed in large measure the sterling qualities of industry, honesty and frugality and as the years went by gained a handsome competence through the careful conduct of his agricultural interests. He was widely recognized as a most public-spirited, substantial and respected citizen and his death, which occurred on the 215% of October, 1892, was the occasion of deep ond widespread regret. His wife was called to her final rest on the 29th of May, 1907, and both lie buried in Wakeman cemetery. Unto this worthy couple were born two sons and two daughters: Elizabeth P., whose demise occurred in June, 1882; Noble G., of this review; Margaret H.; and Melvin J.

Noble G. Hurst spent his youth on the home farm of his father and obtained his education in the public schools of Wakeman. Subsequent to his marriage he carried on agricultural pursuits in Wakeman for three years and then farmed in Camden, Lorain county, for two years. At the end of that time he returned to Wakeman, where he remained for four years and then once more located in Camden, Lorain county, there continuing for twenty years. In May, 1906, he again came to Wakeman and has here since lived retired, enjoying in well earned ease the fruits of his former toil. He has a fine home and twelve acres of land in the suburbs of the village of Wakeman and has become quite an extensive landowner, possessing two farms on the county line between Wakeman and Camden, Lorain county. Both farms, comprising one hundred and fifty and one hundred and forty acres of land respectively, are well improved and under a high state of cultivation. Throughout his business career Mr. Hurst was engaged in general farming and sheep raising, in which lines of activity he was eminently successful, gaining recognition as one of the county's most substantial, progressive and representative citizens.

On the 29th of November, 1876, Mr. Hurst was united in marriage to Miss Ida A. Pierce, a daughter of Elbert B. and Hattie A. (Beecher) Pierce, who were prominent pioneer settlers of Wakeman. This union was blessed with one child, Mabel E., who is now the wife of Clayton E. Ford, a well known agriculturist of Clyde, Oakland county, Michigan. Mrs. Ida A. Hurst passed away when her little daughter was but five weeks old, and on the 22d of April, 1885, Mr. Hurst was again married, his second union being with Miss Mary M. Morgan. Her parents, David and Agnes (Scott) Morgan, of Camden, Lorain county, spent their entire married life, covering more than fifty years, on the same farm. They came to this district when it was a dense forest but with characteristic energy Mr. Morgan set to work to cut down the trees and gradually transformed the once wild tract into a productive farm and ideal home. Both he and his wife are now deceased and lie buried in the cemetery at Camden, Lorain county. Unto Mr. Hurst and his second wife were born the following children: Edna M., now the wife of Sumner E. Todd; Blaine N.; Meryl L.; and one who died in infancy. With a full realization of the value of good mental training as a preparation for the practical and responsible duties of life, Mr. Hurst has given his children the best educational advantages obtainable.

In his political views Mr. Hurst is a stalwart republican and an enthusiastic advocate of all measures and movements calculated to benefit this section of the country or advance its wonderful development. He is especially interested the efforts to keep the public highways free from weeds that may contaminate adjacent farms. A man of domestic tastes, he greatly enjoys the companionship of his wife and children and is a most loving and devoted husband and father. Both he and his wife possess in large measure the confidence and esteem of those with whom they have come in contact, and the hospitality of their pleasant home is greatly enjoyed by their many friends.

Noah Young

Noah Young is living retired in a beautiful residence in Collins, which has been his home since 1905, but he still retains possession of his farming property of one hundred and fifty acres, from which he derives a good annual rental. Mr. Young was born in Townsend township, November 24, 1840, a son of Mahlon and Orrilla (Young) Young. The father's people removed from the far east by teams to Ohio in 1812, making a location in Richland county, this state. At that time few families had settled in the county, much of the land in Richland county being still in possession of the Indians, while wild game was also abundant. The mother's people came to the Buckeye state from Vermont. Upon reaching the district on which Monroeville now stands, they sought a place to stay for the night at a cabin by the side of the old Indian trail, for as yet no roads had been laid out. The family from whom they sought shelter proved to be relatives of Mahlon Young, who, though of the same name, were not related to the parents of Orrilla Young. The family arrived about the year 1830, and being pleased with Huron county, the father here purchased a farm, and in the following spring made a trip to Indiana and purchased six hundred and forty acres there, but never removed to that state, Monroeville proving more attractive to him as a place of residence. The children of the two Young families grew up together in that pioneer district and in due time Mahlon Young and Orrilla Young were united in marriage. They established their home on a farm near Monroeville, where they lived two or three years, and in the spring of 1840, Mahlon Young purchased a farm in Townsend township, on which he took up his abode. He was a cooper by trade and in connection with his farming interests also followed his trade. His farm, consisting of one hundred acres, was to be paid for in barrels, a certain number to be made each year until the debt of the farm was liquidated. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Mahlon Young were born seven children, Sylvia, Noah, John, Martha, Mary, Mahlon and Orrilla. Of these all are living with the exception of John. He served in the Civil war as a member of Company F, Third Ohio Cavalry, enlisting for three years. During his service he was drowned at Macon, Georgia, while bathing. Both the parents are now deceased, the mother surviving the father's death about five years. Both lie buried in the cemetery at Collins.

Noah Young was reared on the home farm, assisting his father with the work of the fields during the period of his boyhood and youth. In the winter seasons he pursued his education in the district schools. When he had reached the age of eighteen years, ambitious to start out in life for himself, he left home and secured employment from William Manahan at farm labor, remaining with him two years. He agreed to pay his father one hundred dollars for his time until he attained his majority but the father released him at the end of that time by the payment of eighty dollars. While employed by Mr. Manahan, Mr. Young attended school for about ten weeks each winter, thus completing his studies. It was about this time that the father removed to Collins and Noah Young and his brother John rented the home farm, their sister Sylvia acting as their housekeeper. After about a year the brother joined the army and thus the entire management of the farm devolved upon Mr. Young of this review.

Mr. Young further established a home of his own by his marriage on the 24th of November, 1864, to Miss Emma Jarrett, a daughter of Elias and Sarah (Siphlet) Jarrett, a prominent pioneer family of Huron county. Following his marriage Mr. Young continued to operate the home farm until 1865, and then operated rented land for three years. In the meantime, however, he purchased a farm in Townsend township and eventually took up his abode thereon, where he remained five years. He then disposed of that tract and bought one hundred and fifty acres, a mile and a half from Collins, in Townsend township He was engaged in the cultivation and improvement of this farm throughout a long period and in the years that have come and gone not only made it a valuable property but also annually gathered good crops, thus greatly enhancing his financial condition. In 1905 he abandoned all business pursuits and removed to Collins, where he occupies a nice modern home but he still retains possession of his farm and derives a good rental therefrom. While on the farm Mr. Young also engaged in raising chickens on quite an extensive scale, being ably assisted in this enterprise by his wife.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Young were born four children: Sarah, the wife of Lewis Krepps, a resident of Townsend township; Rosa, the wife of Joseph Bate, of Fremont; George, who is married and resides in Fremont; and Arthur, who is also married and makes his home in Colorado. After a happy married life of forty-two years Mr. and Mrs. Young were separated by the death of the wife, which occurred October 19, 1906. Mrs. Young was a most estimable woman, active in every good work and beloved by all who knew her. She was a true friend, a faithful wife and devoted mother, and all who knew her are full of her praises and all mourn the loss of a good woman. Her remains were interred in the cemetery at Collins. Mr. Young was again married, April 15, 1908, his second union being with Mrs. Minnie Humphrey, the widow of Jefferson Humphrey, and a daughter of Henry and Eliza (Green) Alder, formerly of Cleveland but later residents of Elkhart, Indiana. Both parents are now deceased. By her former marriage Mrs. Young had two children: Ruth, now the wife of Robert A. Wise of Cleveland; and Katharine, the wife of A. B. Shellentrager, also of Cleveland. Mrs. Young is an estimable woman and presides with gracious hospitality over her home, which is noted for its culture and refinemnt.

A republican in his political views, Mr. Young has ever taken a deep interest in all public matters. For six years he served as township trustee, while for many years he acted as road supervisor and as a member of the school board. He is a member of Townsend Grange and is a charter member of the Patrons of Husbandry. He is most public spirited, every movement calculated to benefit his home locality, receiving his hearty endorsement. Starting out as he did when but a youth, he has gradually worked his way upward until today, he stands among the substantial citizens of Huron county, respected and esteemed by all who know him.

William A. Canfield

The history of Huron county could not be written without mention of the honored name of Canfield, for the lives of the members of that pioneer family are indissolubly connected with her early development and progress. Augustine Canfield, grandfather of the gentleman whose name heads this review, was one of the sturdy New Englanders, who braved the hardships and uncertainties of pioneer life in the early years of the Nineteenth century to found a home for themselves and their progeny. With his family he left his Connecticut home, and in May, 1817, arrived in the almost trackless forest of Huron county. He soon located, choosing the spot in Wakeman township where William now resides. His was the first white family to settle in the township and the farm was virgin forest, not a clearing in the township. The usual log cabin was erected, bark roof and floor, with a greased cloth in the window for light, and the battle against the elements was begun. Theirs was the "simple life" indeed, but thev were happy iu it, even with the lack of the comforts and conveniences of civilization. time passed these were added and were the more appreciated, because of their scarcity. The grandparents lived out their time and laid down their burden, having been factors in the establishment of correct principles and a healthy moral status.

Calvert C. Canfield, the father of our subject, was a part of all this, being active in the county's affairs. He served two terms as county commissioner and held various offices of trust, all with efficiency. He is remembered as a man of strong character, virile and vigorous, and of uncompromising principle. He won success abundantly, becoming a large landowner with some five hundred acres. He reared a family of six children: Sarah E., Alban J., William A., Francis A., Darwin and George E. Of these Alban J. and Darwin are deceased. On April 27, 1895, the father passed peacefully away, aged eighty-six years, his wife having laid down the burden of life May 14, 1882. She bore the maiden name of Mary E. Hanford and was also a member of an honored pioneer family.

Noting the more salient points in the career of the second son, William A. Canfield, his birth occurred at the old homestead, May 17, 1841. With a public-school education and the practical training of a well conducted farm, he began life, teaching school successfully for some ten years in the winter and tilling a farm near where he now lives, in the summer, this place having since been added to his holdings. Feeding the call of his country on May 2, 1864, he enlisted as a private soldier in Company H, One Hundred and Sixth-sixth Regiment, O. V. L, serving in the Army of the Potomac one hundred days. He then returned and resumed his former life until 1874, when he went to Sandusky and entered the employ of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad, as a cashier. He remained with this company for seven years, doing efficient service, and then became station agent of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, at the same place. In May, 1899, he removed to Cleveland, where he acted as shipping agent for several large coal companies, handling their lake shipping business. But the farmer boy never gets so high up in business or so far away from the farm that he can completely stifle the desire to return. The family came back to the old homestead in 1800, and in 1892, Mr. Canfield, himself retired from business and has since tilled the soil of his fathers. He has added to the original tract until his holdings aggregate five hundred and forty-seven acres. The different farms are thoroughly appointed, well tiled, and with ample equipment in buildings for the successful prosecution of a general farming business, to which Mr. Canfield now gives his entire time. His home is on the same site where, in 1828, his grandfather erected his house, which was the first frame house in Wakeman township.

Mr. Canfield's political allegiance lies with the republican party, his religious life being passed in the Congregational church, the whole family being active workers, and prominent in all its interests.

On the 24th of August, 1863, William A. Canfield married Jane A. Whitney, a daughter of Abel and Jane Levira (Beecher) Whitney, the family coming to Huron county from the Nutmeg state, in 1849. Their children were: Eunice O., Ruggles N., Hannah E., Charles P., Frederick A., Theodora B. and Jane A. Hannah, Frederick and Mrs. Canfield are the living members, the father dying August 8, 1887, and the mother February 28, 1889. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Canfield are: Calvert C., who is married and lives in Cleveland, Ohio, where he is engaged in the shipping business; and Mary Levira, who was graduated at Oberlin college and is now a successful teacher. The family are widely and favorably known and their home is a hospitable one, its appointments being such as to attract strangers and friends alike.

William H. Houle, who is successfully engaged in farming in Lyme township, who is operating one hundred and eighty acres of land in Huron county, which is owned by his wife and her sister, and sixty-three acres that lie in Erie county, was born in this county May 11, 1854. His parents, William H. and Lucy (Gordon) Houle, were natives of Devonshire, England, where they were reared, became acquainted and were married, but almost immediately after the wedding ceremony they embarked on the journey to America. Seven weeks and two days was the length of time it took them to cross the ocean, and their departure to this country was a much more serious undertaking than it is regarded today. Upon their arrival in the United States, Mr. and Mrs. settled in Lyme township, Huron county, Ohio, in 1853, where for several years the father was employed at various pursuits. Then he bought one acre of land near the church and rented other property, which he cultivated with so great profit to himself that in 1872 he was able to purchase the old homestead in Erie and Huron counties. On this the seven children, with which the couple were blessed, were reared and here the parents died, the father on January 2, 1892, and the mother in February, 1897.

William H. Houle was the eldest of this family of seven children: John G., the brother next younger, lives upon the old homestead ; Jennie died in her youth ; Lucy has also passed away; Frank G. is a teacher in the schools at Martin's Ferry; Ida Mary is deceased; and Fred lives on the old homestead. William H. Houle has always lived in this county. He received his early preparation for life under the parental roof and in district schools here and in the schools of Bellevue. As might be surmised his early years were closely identified with farming interests, but in 1881 he entered for a time the business world. that vear he went to North Dakota, where he remained for about fifteen months, selling farm implements. returning to this section of the country he still continued in this line of work and had more than a fair degree of success in sales in this vicinity. When opportunity offered, however, he severed his connection with the business and has since devoted all his attention and time to the cultivating of the farm.

On the Ist of January, 1884, Mr. Houle was married to Miss Jennie A. Collins, a daughter of J. D. and Mary (Webster) Collins, who are old settlers in this vicinity and are well and favorably known. and Mrs. have one son, Albert C., who was born August 21, 1887. At present he is attending college at Ann Arbor, for he has shown more than the usual predilection for study. Before he entered the university he attended the schools here and was graduated from the high school at Bellevue, and during several summers attended the classes at Wooster, where Mr. Houle's brother was a teacher.

The hard, persistent work which Mr. Houle has put into the farm has resulted in the compensation which the years have brought him. He possesses those traits of character most needed by him who seeks his livelihood from the soil and has won a well deserved success. He has not given much time to local affairs, aside from casting his influence on the side of right and order, but has evinced considerable interest in the welfare of the Congregational church, which his fellow members have appreciated in electing him a trustee of the body.

Jay C. Park

Jay C. Park is the owner of three hundred, sixty-two and a quarter acres of valuable land in Huron county and is numbered among the leading agriculturists of his part of the state. He was born in Huron county, November 16, 1869. His father, Joseph Park, was born in Ireland, March 17, 1828, and came to America with his parents when a boy of eighteen. He located in Huron county with his father, Joseph Park, Sr. Joseph Park, Jr., worked on the farm for a few years and about 1847 he drove a transportation wagon through to California and after a few years he commenced mining. In that work he met with success and returned to Ohio with sufficient means to buy the old homestead which his son, Jay C., now owns. He was then identified with agricultural interests throughout his remaining days. He was active in public affairs and for several years served as assessor. His political allegiance was given to the republican party and he held membership in the Presbyterian church.

Tay C. Park acquired his education in the district schools and the Norwalk high school, which he attended for three and one-half years. He has always been a farmer, early becoming familiar with the duties and labors of the field as he assisted his father through the period of his boyhood and youth. At the age of eighteen he took charge of his father's farm and continued as the manager until 1904, when his father died and Jay C. Park removed to his own farm of one hundred acres. He also inherited the old homestead of one hundred and eleven acres, which he still owns. He intends always to keep it and maintain it in honor and memory of his good and kind parents. In 1908 Mr. Park purchased eightyfive acres of land so that his title holdings are now three hundred, sixty-two and a quarter acres. This constitutes some of the valuable farming property of the county and in its management and control Mr. Park displays excellent business ability and unfaltering diligence.

On the 28th of October, 1896, Mr. Park was united in marriage to Miss Dora E. Mead, who was born December 28, 1875. They are now parents of one son, Frank Mead Park, born September 11, 1899. Mrs. Park is a daughter of E. M. Mead, of Huron county.

In his political views Mr. Park 15 an earnest republican and keeps well informed on the questions and issues of the day. His religious faith is indicated in his membership in the Presbyterian church and also in his life, which is in strict conformity with his principles.

George Francis Titus

George Francis Titus, office manager for the F. B. Case Tobacco Company of Norwalk, in which responsible position he has figured for many years, was born in Erie county, New York, on the 17th of August, 1853, and represents an old New England family. His father, George A. Titus, was a native of Dedham, Massachusetts, where he resided until after his marriage, the lady of his choice being Miss Sarah Briggs, a native of Erie county, New York. Subsequently he removed to that county but after a brief period came to Norwalk, Ohio, where he located in 1854. Here he secured employment in the shops of the Cleveland & Toledo Railroad Company. He commenced as a car builder and was advanced until he became foreman of the car shops, so continuing until the plant was removed from Norwalk. He was well known as a prominent and worthy representative of the industriel interests of the city and his business enterprise and integrity won him the high respect and confidence of those with whom he came in contact. He died in Norwalk in 1905 at the age of seventy-seven years, having long survived his wife, who passed away in 1856. "There were three chil-

The last named was only about a year old when the parents removed from the Empire state to this city and at the usual age he entered the public schools where he continued his studies until he was graduated from the grammar department. He then put aside his text-books and for two years was employed in a grocery store, at the end of which time he resumed his studies, entering Oberlin College, where he remained for a considerable period. When the F. B. Case Tobacco Company was formed he secured a position in the office and has been with the company continuously since, acting for a long period as office manager. He neglects none of the duties or responsibilities which devolve upon him in this connection and has the entire confidence of the company which he has thus represented for a long period. While in the employ of the Case Company, Mr. Titus devoted his leisure hours to the study of law and in 1881 was admitted to the bar. He has since been a representative of the profession in Norwalk, although his attention is chiefly given to his office management.

In 1876, Mr. Titus was united in marriage to Miss Mary M. Cook, a native of Indiana and a daughter of Jackson Cook, of Huntingdon, that state. Three daughters have been born of this union: Clara, now the wife of A. J. Trumble, a resident of Cleveland; Lura M., the wife of W. A. Fisher, living in Norwalk; and Gertrude E., now the wife of C. G. Pheil, of Grand Rapids, Michigan. Mr. Titus has always taken an active part in politics and public affairs. He gives stalwart allegiance to the democratic party, has served as a member of the board of education and on the water works board and in 1907 was elected vice-mayor. His fidelity and capability in the discharge of his official duties are salient factors in his life. At all tinies he has been a man loyal to every trust reposed in him, whether of a public or private nature, and his worth as an individual and a citizen have won for him a firm hold on the regard of his fellow townsmen.

Manderville V. Armstrong

Manderville V. Armstrong, now living retired in a pleasant home in the suburbs of the village of Wakeman, was born in Otsego county, New York, on the 28th of August, 1837, his parents being William and Eunice (Gibson) Armstrong. The father, who was a stonemason and plasterer by trade, assisted in the construction of the Erie canal and the entire canal system of the state of New York. In 1852 he brought his wife and children to Ohio, the family home being established in Sullivan township, Ashland county. He continued to work at his trade after becoming a resident of this state and in 1861 came to Wakeman township, Huron county, where he successfully followed the stonemason's trade until enfeebled health necessitated his retirement from active labor. He was widelv recognized as a man of many sterling traits of character and unfaltering integrity and his death, which occurred on the 24th of June, 1894, was the occasion of deep regret among his many friends. He lived to attain the venerable age of ninety-eight years and the record of his honorable and useful career is still cherished by all who knew him. His remains were interred in the cemetery at Wakeman, as were also those of his wife, whose demise occurred March 3, 1884, when she was eighty-four years of age. Unto this worthy couple were born eleven children, namely: Daniel, Harriet, Andrew, Elizabeth and William, all of whom are deceased; Manderville V., of this review; Ann; Henry, who died in infancy; Emmer; Ellen; and Polly J.

Manderville V. Armstrong obtained his education in the public schools of his native county and in early manhood learned the stonemason's trade, working at that occupation in association with his father for twenty-five years, throughout the counties of Huron, Lorain, Erie, Medina, Ashland and others. Subsequent to his marriage he took up his abode in Wakeman and has here since continued to make his home. He worked at his trade for a number of years and also engaged in farming to some extent, while during the early period in Wakeman's history he conducted a dray line for eight years. In 1890 he was appointed superintendent of the Wakeman cemetery and continued in that capacity until the spring of 1909, when he resigned because of advanced age. He possesses considerable skill as a landscape gardener and met with great success in the care of the shrubs and flowers under his supervision, the Wakeman cemetery being recognized as one of the most beautiful "cities of the dead" in the entire state. The prosperity which has attended him in his various undertakings is but the merited reward of his well directed and untiring labor and enterprise and he has long been numbered among the most substantial, respected and progressive citizens of the county.

On the 30th of June, 1870, Mr. Armstrong was united in marriage to Miss Ruth Kingsbury, a daughter of Lemuel and Jerusha M. (Durbin) Kingsbury, who were natives of New York. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. Armstrong were born in Otis, Massachusetts, and took up their abode in the state of New York in the early years of the eighteenth century. Lemuel H. Kingsbury, the grandfather, served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war and lies buried in the Wakeman cemetery. Mr. and Mrs. Kingsbury, the parents of Mrs. Armstrong, were married on the 20th of February, 1844, and came to Ohio in 1845. The father, a shoemaker by trade, was well known and highly esteemed for his many excellent traits of character and genuine personal worth. His family numbered ten children, five sons and five daughters, as follows: Mary A., James M., Daniel D., Martha A., Sarah A., Ruth E., Lemuel M., John A., Jane A., and Romaine J. Of these, James M., Romaine J. and Daniel B. served as loyal defenders of the Union during the Civil war, the two first named laying down their lives on the altar of their country. Daniel B., however, returned safely to his family. The Kingsburys were farming people, whose time and energies were largely given to the cultivation of the soil. Lemuel Kingsbury, the father of Mrs. Armstrong, was called to his final rest on the 7th of September, 1879, while his wife passed away on the 28th of April, 1881. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong have been born two daughters: Clara M., who is now the wife of George Coon, of Wakeman ; and Ella J., at home.

In his political views Mr. Armstrong is a stanch republican, has always been an active worker in the local ranks of the party and has frequently served as a delegate to county, district and state conventions. In the position of road supervisor of Wakeman township, which office he held for six years, he won a reputation for efficiency and fidelity that could hardly be surpassed. "Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well" has ever been his motto and this constitutes the secret of his success. He is an enthusiastic advocate of all public improvements that tend to promote the general welfare and his influence is ever given on the side of right, truth, justice and progress. For more than fifty vears he has been identified with the Disciples church, of which the other members of his family are also valued members. For the past several years Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong and their daughter, Ella J., have spent the winter season in Florida but during the rest of the year reside near the village of Wakeman, owning attractive and commodious home, which is justly noted for its gracious and warmhearted hospitality. A well spent life, characterized by all that is honorable in business and straightforward in his relations with his fellowmen, has brought Mr. Armstrong the uniform respect of all with whom he has come in contact and it is with. pleasure that we present the record of his career to our readers.

The name of Gillett is an old and prominent one in Huron county, for representatives of the family have been associated with its agricultural development since 1839, and Ira M. Gillett of this review was one whose labors were directed in this line as well as that of carpentering. His death occurred February 1908, and thus the county lost one of its most valued and substantial citizens. Mr. Gillett was born in Spafford, Onondaga county, New York, June 18, 1826, a scn of Mr. and Mrs. Ambrose Gillett, who, on removing westward from the Empire state, located on a farm in Huron county.

Ira M. Gillett was a lad of thirteen years when he accompanied 'his parents on their remova! to Huron county, and as they took up their abode upon a farm, the son was reared to agricultural pursuits, assisting his father in the development and improvement of the home place. He was a young man of twenty-six years, when in 1852, he purchased fifty-three acres of land in Norwalk township and thus started out upon an independent business venture. The land when it came into his possession was a wilderness, but with characteristic energy and high ambitions, Mr. Gillett at once undertook to clear the land and in due time had it under a good state of cultivation. the years passed, he continued to add improvements to his place and eventually made it a valuable property, on which he spent his remaining days and which at his death was left in possession of his widow. Mr. Gillett was a carpenter by trade and in addition to his farming operations also worked at that occupation, thus acquiring a good living for himself and family.

Mr. Gillett chose as a companion and helpmate for the journey of life, Miss Caroline M. Clawson, who was born in North Hector, New York, February 26, 1836, their marriage being celebrated on the 21st of December, 1854. She is a daughter of John G. and Clarissa Clawson. The former was a carpenter by trade and coming to Huron county in 1835, here worked at his trade for a time. A few months after his arrival, he was followed by his wife and infant daughter, who was then six months old. She was but three years of age when the family took up their abode in Milan, and three years later they removed to the Lockwood road, where Mr. Clawson purchased a sixty-acre tract of wilderness. He cleared his land, erected his own dwelling and in time made the place a valuable one. In addition to tilling his fields, in which he was assisted by his sons, he also engaged in shipbuilding and cabinet making, constructing fine coffins, etc. He assisted in building the first gristmill in Clarksfield, this county, and in many ways was a progressive and influential citizen of this community. In 1865, he purchased a farm in Bronson township and removing to that place, there spent his remaining days. He was a republican in his political views and a Baptist in religious faith. Mr. and Mrs. Clawson reared a family of nine children and all lived to be more than fifty years of age. The father departed this life February 14, 1871, and the mother, surviving for many years, passed away November 14, 1894. Thus Huron county lost two of its prominent pioneer residents.

Mr. and Mrs. Gillett celebrated their golden wedding December 21, 1904. They were the parents of four children, three daughters and one son, namely: Charity I., who was born June 7, 1857, and is still with her mother on the old home farm; Mrs. Clara M. Miller, who was born July 13, 1863; Mrs. Matilda B. Taylor, whose birth occurred June 3, 1866; and Mortimer S., twin brother of Matilda, who wedded Miss Elizabeth W. Thomasson.

Mr. Gillett gave his political support to the men and measures of democracy, while his religious faith was indicated by his membership in the Episcopal church. He possessed a remarkably retentive memory and was ever a deep student of history. He was one of the directors of the Firelands Historical Society for many years and wrote many articles of historic interest, which were published in the new series of the Firelands Historical Pioneer Life, which are mentioned in the historical portion of this work. He took a prominent part in all matters pertaining to the progress and upbuilding of Huron county and always stood ready and willing to aid and co-operate in any movement that might prove beneficial to the public. Honest and upright in every relation of life, Huron county was fortunate in numbering him among her citizens.

Harley-R. Fletcher

Harley F. Fletcher is an enterprising, progressive and prosperous farmer and stock-raiser of Clarksfield township, owning and operating more than two hundred acres of rich and valuable land, from which he derives a good annual return. He was born on the 18th of August, 1859, in the same house in which he now resides, his parents being William and Maria (Vrowman) Fletcher, both of whom were natives of the state of New York. They made their way to this county at an early period in its development, the father purchasing the farm on which his son, Harley F., now resides when it was still entirely covered with timber. With charactertistic energy, however, he set to work to clear away the trees and soon had the land ready for cultivation. Owing to his well directed and untiring industry, he prospered in his farming operations as the years went by and became widely recognized as a substantial and respected citizen of the community. His political allegiance was given to the republican party and he was most progressive and loyal in citizenship. He was an exemplary member of the Baptist church, in the faith of which he passed away on the 28th of May, 1879, his remains being interred in the Clarksfield cemetery. His wife, whose demise occurred when her son, Harley F., was but thirteen years of age, also lies buried in that cemetery. Unto this worthy couple were born seven children, namely: William H.; George; Charles, who is deceased; Andrew J.; Mary J. and Daniel W., who have also passed away ; and Harley F., of this review.

The last named was reared on the old home farm and attended the district schools of his native township in the acquirement of an education. On putting aside his text-books he began working as a farm hand by the month and was thus busily engaged until the time of his marriage. He then took up his abode on the old family homestead in Clarksfield township and has here since continued to reside, devoting his time and energies to general agricultural pursuits with gratifying success. He started out on his own account with a tract of twenty acres but, as he prospered in his undertakings, gradually added to his landed holdings until he now owns over two hundred acres of rich and fertile soil. In addition to the cultivation of the fields he also raises stock to some extent and, as the result of his unremitting industry and capable management, has gained a place among the representative and enterprising agriculturists of his native county.

On the 21st of December, 1879, Mr. Fletcher was united in marriage to Miss Ella Vosburgh, a daughter of John and Jane (Johnston) Vosburgh, of Camden, Lorain county. Their union was blessed with one son, Earl F., who is now married and lives on a farm adjoining that of his parents.

Politically Mr. Fletcher is an ardent republican and is always deeply interested in matters pertaining to the general welfare. At the present time he is serving in the position of township trustee, while for several years he has been a member of the township board of education. He and his family are devoted and consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church and exemplify its teachings in their daily lives. They are widely and favorably known in the community and enjoy the warm regard and esteem of all with whom they have come in contact.

George Washington Runyan

When taking into consideration his years of continuous connection with journalistic interests, George Washington Runyan is one of the oldest newspaper men in northern Ohio, having since 1871 been the publisher of the New London Record. His birth occurred in New London, Huron county, Ohio, on the 14th of May, 1851, his parents being Nathaniel and Phebe (Cookingham) Runyan, both of whom were natives of the state of New York. They were numbered among the early pioneer settlers of this state, taking up their abode here in 1837.

The father, who was a shoemaker by trade, followed that occupation in early manhood but subsequently conducted a general mercantile establishment in New London. He passed away in 1882, having long survived his wife, who was called to her final rest in 1856. They had four sons who served in the Civil war, two of them being members of the Twenty-third Ohio Regiment, known as Mc- Kinley's Regiment. At that time William McKinley was a private in the regiment, while Rutherford B. Hayes served as colonel.

George W. Runyan obtained his education in the public schools of his native town, literature, geography and grammar being his favorite studies. At the age of seventeen years he put aside his text-books and entered the village printing office in the capacity of printer's devil or office boy. After repeated failures on the part of persons who attempted to make a newspaper a success, he obtained possession of the office in 1871, when but twenty years of age. Six months afterward the establishment was destroyed by fire. Nothing daunted, however, Mr. Runyan started out anew, contracting a debt of several hundred dollars in order to do so. By close application and unfaltering perserverance he finally piloted the enterprise to a self-supporting basis and now ranks among the oldest publishers in northern Ohio, having edited the New London Record for the past thirty-eight years. The Record is the first and only newspaper in New London and its publisher is widely recognized as a prominent and progressive representative of journalistic interests in Huron county.

On the 25th of June, 1872, Mr. Runyan was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Elizabeth Messenger, who as compositor in the office of the New London Record aided in permanently establishing the enterprise. They have two children: Marie Messenger, born October 6, 1891; and Lena May, whose birth occurred May 17, 1896.

Where national questions and issues are involved Mr. Runyan gives his political allegiance to the republican party but at local elections casts an independent ballot, supporting the candidate whom he regards as best qualified for office. He has served as a member of the board of education in New London for nineteen years. Fraternally he is identified with New London Lodge, No. 615, I. O. O. F., of which he is a past grand. His life in all of its phases has been thoroughly honorable and he is an advocate of temperance, never using intoxicants or tobacco. A resident of the county throughout his entire life, he has a very wide acquaintance here and many good qualities have gained for him the regard and esteem of all with whom he has been associated.

Joseph A. Denman

Joseph A. Denman, a successful and enterprising agriculturist of Wakeman township, was born in that township on the 14th of May, 1853, and is the eldest child of Edward and Jane (Archer) Denman, a sketch of whom appears on another page of this volume. ]. A. Denman was reared under the parental roof and obtained his education in the common schools:of his native township. Subsequent to his marriage he settled on a farm on the outskirts of the village of

Wakeman, and has here since continued to make his home, devoting his time and energies to the pursuit of farming and to the buying and shipping of stock and fruit. Energetic, industrious and progressive, he has met with a commendable measure of prosperity in his undertakings and is numbered among the substantial and representative citizens of the community.

On the 12th of October, 1871, occurred the marriage of Mr. Denman and Miss Frances L. Pierce, a daughter of Lemuel B. and Eunice (Burr) Pierce. Unto them were born four sons, namely Perry P., a resident of Coffeyville, Kansas; Ralph R. and Tracy A., living in Columbus, Ohio; and Loyd B., who is at home. The wife and mother passed away in January, 1903, her demise being the occasion of deep and widespread regret.

In his political views Mr. Denman is a stalwart republican, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Congregational church, with which the other members of his family are also identified. Having spent his entire life in this county, he has an extensive circle of friends within its borders and is well worthy the regard and esteem which are uniformly accorded him.

Arthur Be Vial

Arthur B. Viall, who is conducting a wall paper business on Main street, Bellevue, Ohio, was one of the first men to engage in mercantile affairs in that city. He was born October 29, 1843, in Akron, Ohio, the son of Bennett and Sarah (Anderson) Viall The former also claimed Akron as his birth place, his birth occurring in 1821. In the prime of his early manhood, at the age of twenty-three, he was taken from those who loved him, leaving a wife and a baby son, Arthur. His widow who was one year the junior, survived him for over twenty years, and for her second husband she married George Barber. Of this union there were two children: Charles and Luella.

Arthur B. Viall passed the years of his childhood and youth in Summit county, Ohio. They were quiet enough years, with little but happy memories to recount, but they engendered an eagerness to be out in the world where one might make a name and a fair fortune for himself. He was but eighteen years of age when he formed the determination to be up and doing for himself, and came to Bellevue to obtain his first business experience. His initial position was as a clerk in the employ of C. A. Willard and Company, who conducted an enterprising dry-goods store here. A few months before he attained his majority, on the 1st of May, 1864, Mr. Viall responded to the call for aid in the defense of his country and enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was stationed at Arlington Heights, Virginia, but had no further opportunity to prove his valor, for in the following fall was mustered out at Cleveland, Ohio. The will to fight for the Union in his case had to be taken in place of many wounds and sufferings, which the hand that guided his destiny spared him, though it deprived him of the honor of being enrolled among those who sacrificed themselves for the good of the cause. On returning from the war he engaged in the dry-goods business, which he followed for some twelve years or more, winning from it a deserved success. About five years ago. he opened his wall paper establishment in this town and has since then been doing a creditable business.

On the 3d of May, 1868, Mr. Viall was united in marriage to Miss Clara E. Miller, the daughter of Samuel Miller, an old settler of Huron county. Five children have been born to bless this union. Bennett, the eldest, married Miss. Gertrude Hoyt and is at present living in Bellevue, the father of five children: Esther, Arthur, Robert, Dorothy and Gertrude. Gertrude, the eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Viall, died in her tenth year. Elizabeth, the next in the family, married Harry DeWitt and makes her home in Bellevue. Ruth married Milton Squares of Bellevue and they have two daughters, Ruth and Dorothy. The fifth child in the Viall home died in infancy.

Mr. Viall is a member of the Congregational church of Bellevue and makes. of his religion a matter of daily practice. He is a man who has been found most honorable in his dealings with those persons who have made a demand upon his services, and enjoys the good will of the community. The people gave some indication of their confidence in his judgment and abilities when six years ago they elected him a member of the school board, which position he has filled to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. Of the local Grand Army post he is past commander and has been for years the adjutant of the post.

Peter Lorelz

Prominent in the ranks of the worthy agricultural class of Huron county 15 Peter Loretz of Wakeman township, who lives on a splendidly appointed farm of two hundred and four acres, well tilled and under a high state of cultivation. He gives attention chiefly to general farming, but like most successful farmers has a specialty. In his case it is the Jersey cow, his herd being noted as of the finest in the county.