Washington Township (part 8 of 12)

Gen. O'Donnell offered the following preamble and resolutions, which were adopted (the number of the Financial Committee, fifteen, is an amendment offered by Gen. O'Donnell, the number first named being smaller. The appointment of two committees, one of finance and one of arrangements, was suggested by Dr. Baxley) :

" Whereas, It has been announced to this meeting of the citizens of Baltimore, representing all classes, social, commercial, and mechanical, that the corporate authorities of our sister cities, St. Louis, Cincinnati, and Chillicothe, together with the Goveruors of several States of our Union, and a number of prominent and distinguished citizens of the West, purpose making a visit to this city on the 18th inst. ; and

" Whereas, Apart from the social and commercial ties which have so long bound us together, the citizens of Baltimore feel that they have a return to make for the generous hospitalities extended to them during the late celebration of the great American central line of railroad, connecting, by a continuous chain, the waters of the Chesapeake and Mississippi :

" Jiesolved, That a grand banquet, to take place at the Maryland Institute, on Monday next, the 2dth inst., be given by the citizens of Baltimore, in honor of their distinguished guests.

" Rpsolred, That a financial committee of fifteen be appointed by the Chair, to procure the necessary subscriptions ; an executive committee of three, to make arrangements, in conjunction with the city authorities and Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, to carry out the purposes of this meeting in a manner creditable to the character of our city, and worthy the distinguished guests who propose to honor us by their presence, and to act in concert with our public; authorities, in contributing to their comfort and entertainment during their sojourn among us.

That a committee of fifteen be appointed by the Chair, to act in concert with the committee ap])ninterl by the corporate authorities of our city, and the committee of the Baltimore anrl Obio Railroad Company, to proceed to some point on the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, to extend to the invited guests a cordial welcome on the part of the citizens of Baltimore."

The President, expressing a desire that the meeting should know what arrangements the city had made, Mayor Swanu spoke in support of the resolutions.

He said that he had come there merely as a citizen, to take part in devising measures suitable to the occasion ; but in support of the resolutions, he would say that the city authorities had been actively engaged, for two days past, in making arrangements for the reception of the visitors. He understood that, in the celebration which took place on a recent occasion, the citizens of St. Louis and Cincinnati bore a prominent part in the proceedings attendant on that great jubilee. The city council had appointed a committee, with full power to make aiTangements which would be of a character corresponding with the character of the city, and with the receptions at St. Louis and Cincinnati.

On the arrival of the visitors at the Camden station, Baltimore, they will be received on Ihe part of the city by the military and other associations, that may think proper to unite in the reception. They will parade through the streets, so as to give them a just view of the improvements going on, and which we think are such as to give them a proper idea of our position as a sea-port. They will proceed to the Hall of the Maryland Institute, where they will be received by the corporate authorities. It will then be late, and they will be conducted to their hotels, and rest till evening. At night there will be a display of fireworks in ilonument Square. On Monday night there will be a banquet at the Maryland Institute, in which it is designed that the citizens generally, wthout distinction, shall participate. For that object, in part, this meeting had been called. He hoped that the spirit manifested would be creditable to the city, and commensurate with our mercantile connection with the West.

On this occasion, the first which has been afforded to the citizens of Baltimore to manifest their feeling towards the West, a spirit should be manifested which would justify our claim to a position as one of the leading cities on the seaboard.

The Committee of Arrangements appointed by the City Council met on the evening of the 13th, at the Mayor's office. At this meeting the Railroad Company was represented by Messrs. Garrett, Vansant, and Turner - a special committee of its Directors. A large number of the members of both branches of the City Council were also present.

The Mayor suggested that the members of the Council resolve themselves into a committee of the whole, whose duty it would be to receive the visitors at the depot, and make them at home - the members of the Council to be designated by a badge.

Mr. Vansant said that the Railroad Company would be very happy if the members of the Council would go up the road with the committee which is to meet the visitors. In reply to this, Mr. Siedenstricker said it would be inexpedient, as the presence of the members would be needed in the city.

It was arranged, however, that a joint committee of the Councils should leave Baltimore on Friday morning, to meet the visitors at Cumberland, 180 miles distant.

Messrs. Forrest, Wilson, and Tidy were appointed a committee to secure the Maryland Institute, and to retain the galleries of the Hall for the exclusive use of the ladies.

The annexed very courteous and creditable letter was received by the President of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, on the 15th July, from the President of the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad Company, viz. :

Dear Sii - Having understood that the City CouncUs of Cincinnati, and St. Louis, and Chillicothe, are about to visit Baltimore, as the guests of your Company and your city, I have thought that perhaps it might be agreeable for them to visit this city, and I therefore, through you, tender them a free passage over our road to Philadelphia and return to Baltimore. I regret exceedingly that I am obliged to be absent, to fulfil an engagement made some time since, and that I shall be thus deprived of the pleasure of meeting you and them. Will you also tender to the committee of your Company, and your City Comicils, an invitation to accompany their guests to Philadelphia and return.

Besides the above, invitations were thus earlj tendered by the liberal President of the magnificent Bay Line of Steamers, running between Baltimore, Norfolk, and Portsmouth, through George R. Vickers, one of its Directors, for the guests to visit those cities, and enjoy the pleasures incidental to the summer trip of their splendid boats.

Invitations to visit the city of Washington were also in contemplation, and the most ample preparations made, to extend the largest and most general hospitalities to the expected guests.

Railway Celebrations Of 1857

The guests from St. Louis, representing the authorities, as well as the commercial and social worth of that great Western emporium, left the city on the evening of the 15th of July, en route for Cincinnati, over the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad. The interest which the St. Louis people felt in this then recently opened road, heightened their interest in the excursion generally ; and to many of them, who were then to make their first transit over what is by them regarded as, par excellence^ the St. Louis Railroad, every mile of this great highway between the two principal Western rivers had its suggestions of a great accomplished work, from which the enterprise of their city was to reap the greatest benefits. And the road is worthy of the enthusiasm which its completion originated.

Starting from the Illinois side of the Mississippi, it intersects five independent Railroads ere it reaches the Ohio at Cincinnati, namely : the Illinois Central Railroad to Cairo, on the south and northward to Chicago and the entire north-west ; the Evansville and Terre Haute Railroad to Evansville ; the New Albany and Salem Railroad to New Albanjr, Indiana ; the Jeffersonville Railroad, from Indianapolis to Louisville ; the ^ladison and Indianapolis, running to those cities. Thu.s, for its entire distance, it may emphatically be called an Ohio and Mississippi Valley improvement. Looking at this road in this aspect, it derives a double importance and value, for it is generally conceded that the Ohio River is really the great origin and generator of all the commercial business on the two hundred thousand square miles which constitute the area drained by that river, an area large enough

Previous to leaving St. Louis, the guests who had accepted the invitation, were each provided with a ticket, by Mr. John M. Sharp, the Western Travelling Agent of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, who had been charged with this duty for want of time to undertake greater formalities on the part of his Company. These tickets - which were fully recognized by the Ohio and Mississippi Company - bore on one side the following words :

Composed Of The Little Miami, Central Ohio

Fortified with these talismanic pieces of pasteboard - which opened their way alike to railway cars, cities, and the hearts of the people. M'ho were eagerly expecting their visit - the St. Louis guests, as we have before stated, left that city on the evening of Wednesday, the loth of Jul}', and, after a pleasant night's ride, reached Cincinnati in due course next moi-ning.

The St. Louis excursionists were accompanied by Le Bi-un's brass band, attached to Captain Pritchard's noted company of St. Louis National Guards. The trip to Cincinnati was much enjoyed, the unusually large size of the new passenger-cars upon the Ohio and Mississippi Road, broad gauge track, affording peculiar comfort to the travellers. At Cincinnati they became the guests of the authorities of that city, and were hospitably entertained. By invitation of Mr. Coleman, the proprietor of the Burnet House, the authorities of both cities dined together at that famous Western Hotel. A very agreeable time was had at the Burnet, and all who participated will doubtless long remember the pleasurable event.

After viewing the sights at Cincinnati during the afternoon of the 16th, at an early hour in the evening the St. Louisians were escorted to the passenger station of the Little ISIiami Railroad, on Front street, where, with Baltimore's guests from Cincinnati - who had also gathered for the start - they embarked for Columbus.

Names Of The Excursionists From Cincinnati

Leaving Cincinnati, the excursionists progi'essed over the Little Miami Railroad, with all the comfort usual to passengers in these days, when railroad travelling has - and especially on this excellent line - reached toward the perfection of locomotion, and with the added enjoyment that was natural to a party so full of pleasurable anticipations. Before reaching Columbus a delay, provoking in itself, but aflfording occasion for a roadside episode, occurred. About midnight some portion of the machinery about the locomotive gave out, and an enforced halt followed, in the midst of thick woods, until a new engine could be procured. The fact that the detention might last several hours, was no sooner ascertained, than a space in the woods was cleared, a ball-room extemporized, the music of the bands put in requisition, and the pleasures of the dance enjoyed with all the zest that the addenda of such unusual surroundings could impart to it. The detention was thus beguiled of its tediousness, and. with the sun of the bright summer morn, a fresh locomotive replaced the disabled machinery, and, all in their places in the train, they were quickly on the way toward Columbus, the capital of the State of Ohio, and the Eastern terminus of the Little Miami Railroad. At this point the excursionists were joined by the following named gentlemen of that city, Gov. Chase and his suite having preceded the train, for a more leisurely trip to Baltimore :

At Columbus the excursionists were transferred to the Central Ohio Railroad, extending 137 miles eastward, through the most fertile part of Ohio, intersecting the cities of Columbus, Newark, Zanesville, and Cambridge, in its course, and connecting at Bellaire, Ohio, opposite Benwood, in Virginia, with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The train was in charge of Conductor Marrow, one of the oldest upon the road. Leaving Cokimbus, the line passes through the level tableland of this part of Ohio, exhibiting on every side a fertility of soil and a plenitude of agricultural wealth that charms the eye, and in an almost straight line reaches Newark, 33 miles distant. Newark is pleasantly located, in a populous agricultural region, and is a place of some manufocturing importance. The Sandusky, Mansfield and Newark Railroad, running from Sandusky City, on Lake Erie, here intersects the Central Ohio Railroad, and gives it a connection with Noith-west Ohio and beyond. The Steubenville and Indiana Railroad also terminates here, and connects at Steubenville with the Ohio River road to Pittsburg. From Newark, twenty-six miles' progress brought the train to Zanesville, the county seat of Muskingum, one of the richest coimties in Ohio, embracing in its area the valleys of the Muskingum and Licking rivers, which have their confluence at that point, and abound with mineral and agricultural advantages. The city has a population of about 18,000, and is a neat, well built, and prosperous place. At Zanesville the following citizens of that place were added to the Eastern bound guests !

An hour's ride from Zanesville. through the fertile Leatherhead Valley, brought the train to the ancient town of Cambridge, situated at the crossing of the old National Turnpike Road over Wills' Creek. For many miles on each side of Cambridge, the Central Railroad runs close to and parallel with the National Road; and the view of this early national eflbrt to open a communication between the seaboard and the West, naturally suggested comiiarisons between the railroad and the wagon, as types of the past and present progress of the countrj-. From Cambridge the Central Ohio Road continues its course for fifty miles through a rich, rolling country, the agricultural features of which, its richness of soil, abundance of heavy timber, and large herds of stock, will always arrest and gratify the eye of the traveller.

The interest and pleasure of the excursionists gave an impetus to time, that appeared to compete in rapidity with the flight of the locomotive, and by two o'clock, P. M., the fertile state of Ohio had been crossed, and the train drew np at the expanding town of Bellaire, on the west bank of the Ohio - the guests congratulating themselves that, notwithstanding the delay beyond Columbus, they were still in time to pass a part of the grand mountain path of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in daylight.

At this point the excursionists were met by Chauncy Brooks, President of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, accompanied by Wendel Bollman, Road-master. Col. J. B. Ford, agent at "Wheeling, and other oflBcers of the company. After they had left the cars, they were welcomed by Mr. Brooks, in remarks to the following effect :

Gentlemen of the West - Representatives of the CrriEs of St. Louis and Cincinnati : - As President of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, it is my pleasant duty to welcome you at this point of your progress toward the east. It will be our agreeable office to take you in charge, and endeavor to promote your enjoyment, until we resign the task to the authorities and citizens of Baltimore. They, I know, are prepared to welcome you warmly, entertain you hospitably, and surround you with all the attractions and courtesies which may be in their power.

Leaving the cars on the west bank of the Ohio, the excursionists were transferred to the Railroad ferry-steamboat, gayly ornamented with flags, in honor of the occasion, and quickly landed on the Virginia side. Here two trains of cars were in waiting for their accommodation, in the charge of the following officers of the Baltimore and Ohio Company : Joseph Brown. General Supervisor of Trains ; Geo. A. Rawlings and E. T. Petticord, conductors. The time already lost rendered despatch advisable, and in a very brief period all were in the cars, and the train started eastward. The bright rays of a summer afternoon's sun gave light and glory to the scene, as the trains swiftly passed Moundsville - with its classic mound - Cameron, Welling Tunnel, and other places of interest, and approached the western slope of the Alleghanies. The excursionists enjoyed with extreme gratification the constant calls for examination and admiration which the grand characteristics of the scenery by which they were surrounded, made upon them. The Great Board Tree Tunnel, 40 miles from Wheeling, where numerous workmen were engaged in putting in the permanent stone arching, attracted much attention from the fact of its being the scene of Mr. Engineer Latrobe's original triumph in crossing great elevations with locomotive and cars, by means of a series of steep inclines, called Y's. The guests generally, however, were hardly aware that at this spot they were but two thousand feet from from the south-west angle of the great State of Pennsjivania. The approach to the iNIonongahela River, above the beautiful towns of Fairmont and Palatine, with the picturesque wire suspension bridge uniting them, excited the general surprise of the excursionists. The great 020 foot iron bridge, too, by which the railroad crosses the Monongahela, a mile east of Fairmont, was pointed out as a remarkably strong and beautiful structure. The views along the Tygart's Valley Rivei-, between the Monongahela and Grafton, for twenty miles, with the " Valley River Falls," were among the objects most admired, so ftir, upon the route.

The shades of evening were just closing in, as the shrill whistle of the iron horse announced that the excursion trains were approaching Grafton. The deep-voiced artillery thundered forth its welcome, joined with the joyful shouts of the population. On the platform were assembled Alexander IManafee, the ^layor of Grafton, and the corporate authorities. Dr. Charles F. Staasbury, of Washington City, Messrs. W. P. Smith, D. P. Rennie, and John L. Wilson, assistant masters of the three departments of transportation, machinery, and road respectively, Mr. Thomas, editor of Appletons' Railway Guide, Mr. I. D. Barton, reporter of the Baltimore Clipper, Mr. Thos. D. Sultzer, the representative of the Baltimore Patriot, and nearly the entire population of Grafton, male and female.

The train halted only about half an hour, and after the exchange of congratulations, the entire party, numbering not less than four hundred person.s, sat down to a most excellent and bountiful entertainment, prepared by IMr. Horace Resley, the proprietor of the new and beautiful Railroad Hotel, at the insttuice of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company. By the time the hungry travellers had fully satisfied their appetites, sharpened by their proti'acted delay on the road, the whistle of the engine summoned *' all aboard," and amid the firing of cannon, the waving of flags, and the shouts of the people, the excursionists took their departure eastward, accompanied by the gentlemen who came up on Thursday evening from Ba,Itimore, to meet the trains at this point.

Though the delay of the excursionists, by the detention beyond Columbus, had altered the arrangements for their transmission over the Baltimore and Ohio Road, yet no further delay was permitted to occur on that account. Through the admirable sj'stem of numerous telegraph-stations, in use on the road, the experienced iNIaster of Transportation at Baltimore, Dr. W. S. Woodside, and other officers of the Company, were kept informed throughout the day of the exact movements of the trains, and such arrangements immediately made, as enabled them to prepare for the excursionists a clear track.

The guests from Chillicothe arrived at Grafton by the north-western Virginia, or Parkersburg Branch Railroad train, at half-past eight o'clock on Thursday evening, the 16th July. The}'' left Chillicothe at nine in the morning, by the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad, and on the arrival of the train at Scott's Landing, on the Ohio River, embarked on board the favorite connecting ferry steamer John Buck, for Parkersburg, and thence to Grafton, as above stated. The gentlemen from Chillicothe were:

These gentlemen, in consequence of the delay in the arrival of the excursion trains, were sent on to Cumberland, in the AYheeling and Cumberland accommodation train, which duly arrived at Grafton shortly after noon, and they thus had ample opportunity of witnessing some of the most pictuivsquc and interesting portions of the road, - lying between Grafton and Cumberland - by daylight.

On leaving Grafton, several of the guests, representatives of the Western press, with the disposition of their profession to keep a good look-out, took positions on the engines, and from their novel elevation enjoyed with additional zest the grand scenery which passed in review, as the locomotives pursued their devious but securely solid way up the mountaiu ; winding now along its side, anon thundering through the stone arched tunnels, that pierced its summits, and then crossing its ravines, over superstructures on which the art of the engineer had lavished the strength and solidity, almost, of the rock-ribbed hills to which they joined the iron path.

As the trains, having successfully scaled the mountain on the eleven-mile grade from Cheat River Valley at Rowlesburg, and passing Cranbury summit, drew up at Oakland, on the Glades, a pleasantly designed and tastefully executed welcome greeted the guests. The entire front of the hotel, a favorite summer resort, was brilhantly illuminated, and the portico decorated with a display of flags. Guns were fired, cheers given, and the large number of ladies at that time temporarily sojourning at this pleasant mountain home, appeared on the platform, and, by their pleasant greetings, bright smiles, and waving handkerchiefs, sent the excursionists on their way with the pleasantest recollections of this welcome on the mountain. A susceptible young gentleman, as the train left, was detected making ardent manifestations of love to one of the ladies, whom he has since put in print as being " fairer than the fairest, arrayed in spotless white, and who will ever linger on his memory, a bright vision of loveliness." Evidently he thought with the poet

The grand scenery of this entire region of mountains and valleys, from Kingwood Tunnel to Cumbei'land - a distance of some sevent}-- five or eighty miles - was almost entirely lost to the travellers by reason of the darkness of the night. The Cheat Kiver and Piedmont Grades were especially hidden from the view.

The gentlemen from Cliillicothe, who went down to Cumberland by the regular train, were the only ones of the party who were enabled to enjoy the hospitalities of the people of Cumberland. The Baltimore Council Committee, Messrs. Kirk, Ford and Hynes, and Messrs. Vansant, Brinkley, and other Directors of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, were in attendance, to show the Chillicothe guests every attention possible. The entire party partook of a sumptuous entertainment at the hospitable mansion of Col. J. H. Tucker, the former Mayor of the city, during the evening. The lateness of the hour at which the excursion trains arrived, prevented the great bulk of the guests from enjoying a fine supper prepared at the Revere House, at the instance of the Raih-oad Company. As the trains came rushing in at 1 A. M., they were saluted with salvos of artillery and the cheers of the assembled citizens. Even at that late hour flags were seen displayed in many quarters. After a brief stay, the trains were again put in motion.

Proceedings On The Road, And Order Of Reception At

The excursionists after dining at Grafton, on Friday the 17th instant, -will proceed thence to Cumberland, where they will sup. At Cumberland they will be received by a Comnjittee of Escort appointed by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore and the Directors of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

Each visitor will be furnished with a Badge, which he will attach to the lapel of his coat, and wear during his sojourn in our city as a distinguishing mark. Each State and City delegation, in order to facilitate the arrangements entered into for their reception, will please selc«t one of their number for a Marshal, who, it is courteously requested, will furnish the Committee of Escort with a complete list of the names of the members of his delegation. This measure is essential to the avoidance of confusion and delay upon the arrival of the trains at Baltimore.

Before leaving Cumberland it is desirable and important that all baggage, of every description, remaining unchecked, shall be put in charge of the Baggage llaster, who will give the owner Baltimore checks.

After leaving Cumberland, the Committee on the part of the City Council will go through the train, assigning each guest his quarters at Baltimore, and furnish tickets indicating the hotel in which they are to be respectively placed. Following the Committee of the City Council, a Baggage Master will collect from each guest bis check or cheeks, and deliver the baggage at the hotel to which the owner is assigned. This will ensure comfort aud order in advance.

The trains will arrive at the Wa.shingtou Junction on Satuiday, the 18th instant, at 8 o'clock, A. M., and time given to breakfast at the Relay House, and there make preparations for entering the citj, leaving the Washington Junction at 9.45 and arriving in Baltimore at 10.15. On the arrival of the excursion train at Baltimore, the visiting guests will retain their seats in the cars a few moments, preserving their State and City organizations, when they will be escorted in carriages by the military and firemen to the great Hall of the Maryland Institute, where they will bo formally received by the Mayor and city authorities.

At the conclusion of the reception ceremonies, the guests will return to their carriages and be conveyed to their respective hotels. In the evening a grand display of Fireworks will be given in honor of the guests, at Monument

Order Of Proceedings Cumberland To W. Junction

Square by the city. On Monday afternoon the Grand Banquet by the citizens oi Baltimore will take place at the Hall of the Maryland Institute.

In more matter of fact prose it was sunri.se, and the bright rays of the luminary revealed grace and beauty in the landscape, whilst it roused the excursionists and bade them prepare for the reception awaiting them at the end of their nearly accomplished journey. In reference to this part of the excursion, the intelligent reporter for the Baltimore Patriot made the following full notice, in that journal, of one of the new passenger train locomotives put upon the Baltimore and Ohio Road.

The excursion train left Martinsburg at 4 o'clock in the morning, and was drawn over the first division of the road by a new and splendid engine recently placed upon the road, and bearing the high number of " 232." This engine is of the largest class used for passenger trains, (except the heavy ten-wheelers for the monntain grades,) and was built for the Company by the Messrs. Mason, of Taunton, Mass., several of whose machines of a smaller class have been running for more than a year upon the Washington Branch Road. Independent of the striking appearance of this engine, from its size, apparent strength, and beautiful finish, the feader will, no doubt, be willing to learn some interesting facts concerning its practical advantages. It is well known that the most expensive item in the practical working of locomotives is fuel. The ordinary consumption of wood by first-class passenger engines in this hundred-mile run, between Martinsburg and Baltimore, is about four cords. This requires, as a rule, a special stoppage of the passenger train of four or five minutes above the Monocacy junction, in order to " wood up." Upon this engine, however, the nm is made with the consumption of but two and a half cords of wood, which being less than the capacity of its tender, entirely dispenses with the stoppage for renewed supply. Although this reduced quantity of fuel is consumed, the engine has no lack of steam, but seems equal to a more enlarged task even than hauling the heavy train which contains the great throng of Balthnore guests. Without enlarging too much upon these practical details, the subject is of such paramouut importance in railway economy, that I have made a careful calculation, to show the actual advantages presented in this seemingly model locomotive. In the first place, the cost of wood used between Martinsburg and Baltimore is said to average $3.80 per cord, when prepared for the locomotive. The quantity consumed by the ordinary engines for the round trip.of 200 miles is, say eight cords, while, as I have stated, by the engine in question it is but five cords, being a saving of three cords, $11.40. The number of round trips made by the passenger engines during the year is about 150, by which it is evident that the total saving of wood reaches, in the course of a year, the large quantity of 450 cords, with the attendant reduction of $1,710. Assuming that there are twenty engines of this general character in use upon the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the saving to that Company would reach the enormous figiu-c of $34,200 in this one particular of its working expenses. With regard to the consumption of oil, the same economy is effected in the use of this engine, there being but little more than half the usual quantity required for its supply. The saving in this item of running expenses is roundly estimated at the minimum of one gallon, costing $1.30 for the round trip of 200 miles, amounting to the sum of $195 for a year's operation for each engine. I learn that this estimate is fully verified by the Company's experience with the same make of engines on the Washington Branch. Besides the foregoing invaluable features, the engineers inform me, that owing to the substantial and careful manner in which the several parts of these machines are made and adapted to each other, the cost of keeping in repair is also very materially reduced. Having no opportunity upon my trip to obtain reliable data upou this point, I am not enabled to say what the advantage therein realizes to the Railroad Company in dollars and cents. I can only add, in this connection, the general remark, that No. " 232 '' is evidently a tip-top No. 1 pas-senger locomotive, and will, no doubt, prove its efficiency in adding to the already good reputation of the road for prompt, safe, and regular running.

At Monocacy station - the Frederick Junction - the excursionists were received with another of the pleasant manifestations of welcome that had enlivened their progress at all the principal points on the Baltimore and Ohio Road. A large number of ladies and gentlemen had come out from Frederick City - three miles distant by the branch road - in a special train, and were prepared to greet the guests right heartily. Flags and banners decorated the platform, and the firing of guns and hearty huzzas mingled in a cheerful chorus as the trains drew up, whilst the bright faces and waving handkerchiefs of the ladies gave the zest of female sympathies to the scene. The momentary stoppage of the trains afforded an opportunity to repay these courtesies with some fine music, and with three hearty cheers for the ladies of Frederick, the Junction was left behind in the onward progress towards Baltimore. At this point Col. Edward Shriver, Director on the part of the State, in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and others, joined the company.

Speeding onward, the trains passed over Mount Airy, through Sykesville, Elysville, Ellicott's ^lills, and other rural towns on the line of the road, at all of which there were some demonstrations of welcome. At Ellicott's Mills is located the extensive and celebrated fashionable Ladies' School of Mr. Archer, especially well known thi'oughout the Southern States, as " The Patapsco Institute." The cheers of the people mingling with the " clash and clang " of the trains as they swept by, reminded the excursionists continually that while they were the guests of Baltimore specially, yet that the whole of ^Maryland was united in welcoming them to her soil.

At the Relay House, Washington Junction - nine miles from Baltimore - in accordance with the programme of arrangements, the guests were to halt for breakfast, and for the completion of the preparations necessary for their proper entry into the city. The Citizens' Committee of Reception and the Committee on the part of the Board of Trade, had proceeded from Baltimore to the Relay House at an early hour, and were in waiting there to perform their appropriate functions. These Committees consisted of the following gentlemen :

On the Part of the Citizens. - Messrs. S. Owings Hoffman, TTm. Pinknev Whyte, J. Morrison Harris, C. C. Jamieson, Robt. A. Dobbin, Beale H. Richardson, A. S. Abell, B. G. Hoffman, Wm. T. Young, George P. Kane.

Shortly after eight o'clock the whistle of the locomotive was heard, and the two excursion trains, composed of fourteen cans, came in sight. The excur.sioni.sts. tired with the travel of two successive nights, gladly learned that a brief halt for ablution and refreshments had been provided. Arrangements had been made to provide them with breakfast, and so far as the time allowed, and the accommodations at command would permit, this wa.'s accomplished, The ladies of the excursion party were first provided for, and the tables were successively spread until all were provided. The guests were satisfied with the efforts made for their comfort, and mingling with the citizens of Baltimore, gathered there to meet them, exchanged the greetings of welcome. In addition to the gentlemen present, officially charged with the reception of the guests, a number of Baltimoreans who had participated in the Western excursion, seized the opportunity to offer their earliest greeting to the visitors, and as they successively found among them those who, in Chillicothe, Cincinnati, and St. Louis, had met and entertained them with a hospitality so cordial and warm as to leave an enduring impression, salutations and handshakings were .interchanged, the blithe greeting was everywhere heard, and jocund laughter added its notes to the general acclaim of welcome.

Before leaving the Relay House the guests were called together, and Col. S. Owings Hoffman, chairman of the Citizens' Committee, addressed them briefly to the following import : -

Wearied, dusty and uncomfortable as you are, after your journey, it would be unkind in us to detain you with any ceremony. Our pui-pose now is on behalf of the citizens generally to tender you a cordial welcome. The lavish kindness you of late extended to a portion of our citizens, not only created in the participants the kindliest feelings, but has animated our whole community with like regard. And we thank you for the opportunitj'- you thvis afford them of reciprocating your generous hospitalities. You wiU now be conducted to the depot of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in the city - there carriages will be in readiness to carry you through several of the leading thoroughfares to the Hall of the Maryland Institute, where you will be welcomed by Mayor Swann - I\Ionday you will be entertained with a drill at the Fort by the Artillery - at six o'clock on the same day you will be expected to partake of a Banquet, and on Tuesday enjoy an excursion down the Bay. Eeuewing our a-ssurance of a cordial welcome once more, we proceed to the cars.

Whilst at the Relay House, the guests from St. Louis, Cincinnati, and Chillicothe, selected their marshals, speakers, &c. Those from Cincinnati selected Judge Pruden, of the Police Court, to speak in the absence of Mayor Thomas; Benj. Eggleston, to speak on the part of the City Council, and H. Kiersted, as Marshal. Those of Chillicothe selected Mayor Adams to speak, and Capt. Gilmour, as Marshal. George R. Taylor, President of the City Council of St. Louis, was selected as the representative of that city.

Kailway Celebrations Of 1857 Chapter Vii

Whilst the excursionists thus approached Baltimore, its citizens were on the alert to receive them with the strongest demonstrations of welcome. The aspect of expectation, the busy bustle of preparation, and the movements of the masses of expectant sight-seers, were visible throughout the city, indicative of the general enthusiasm that prevailed. In every direction the National flag was spread to the bieeze, decorations were in progress of construction, mottoes, bearing words of welcome and fraternization, were being extended across the streets, and the imposing triumphal arch of the Pioneer Hook and Ladder Company, after a night of labor, pursued unremittingly by the public spirited members of that organization, at last stood complete in its ample and beautiful construction and decoration. Along all the streets through which the procession was to pass, the work of preparation was actively progressing ; flags and bunting, gay drapery and fluttering streamers, were being displayed in every variety, impressing on the scene a gala-day appearance, which was the more striking in contnvst with the usual business absorption of these avenues of trade. The morning sun shone with unclouded splendor, as if that luminary liad taken an interest in the display, and was anxious to add his quota to the warmth of the reception. Soon, too, the general movement of the population added its impressive significance to the scene. The assembling of the military and other bodies designing to participate in the pageant, the movements of the police in their neat equipments, and the swelling music of the bands as they marched into position, heightened expectation and gave zest to the enthusiasm that had been infused mto all classes, who now began to throng the windows, housetops and side-walks along the entire route of the procession. Thus the city waited, in eager anticipation for her guests, prepared to hail their first appearance with a prolonged shout of welcome, which should express, in all its fulness, the hospitable intent she entertained.

In the cities of Old Europe, where pageants are the toys with which rulers amuse the people, and turn their thoughts from the more serious affairs of state, the paraphermdia of decoration and rejoicing are kept ready made, and displayed on the scores of lighter occasions, which have no deeper .'significance than the pleasure of the masses over a gala day. Not so with the American people. We are undemonstrative, and need to be strongly moved ere we give to our rejoicings the popular and tangible demonstrations, that clothe the city in holiday attire, and concentrate the will of all to the single purpose of doing honor to anj^ event or occasion. Keeping in view these characteristics of our people, the outward display which had been made by the people of Baltimore in honor of their visitors, was impressive, not only in the extent to which it had been pursued, but more especially as a significant expression of the warm, cordial, and generally felt enthusiasm which dictated it.

The business establishments, newspaper offices. &c.. on Baltimore street, showed much taste and considerable liberality in the decorations. From Eutaw street, to the Maryland Institute, a distance of one mile, the fronts of a great number of the houses were ornamented by red, white, and blue festoons, displaying words of welcome to the guests, and in some places immense scrolls were stretched across the street bearing mottoes expressive of good fellowship. At Howard and Baltimore streets, from the store of Devries, Stephens & Thomas, on the northeast corner, to that of Orendorf & Ensey on the southeast corner, a red, white and blue flag was stretched, bearing the inscription : "Welcome Western Friends to Baltimore." From the store of Messrs. Dallam, Miller & Shipe, two doors below Me-srs. Devries & Co.. another red, white and blue flag was stretched to the clothing house of Straus, Hai tman, Iloillin & Co., with the inscription : " AVelcome to our City." The entire front of the building on the northeast corner, and occupied by Devries. Stephens & Thomas, Bennett's Notion House, and Dallam, Miller & Shi{)e, was decorated betvyeen the rows of windows with heavy white, red and blue festoons. The establishment of Fisher, Boyd & Co. was ornamented between the first and second stories with red, white and blue festoons, the motto, " Welcome West," being formed by placing the letters at the points of the lestoons. The front also displayed a large number of small flags.

From the corner of iNIcOlellan's alley, opposite the extensive Domestic House of Duvall, Keighler & Co., several large national flags were suspended across the street, one having on it the name First Baltimore. The carpet establishment of Messrs. M'Dowell, Gable & Co. was decorated from top to bottom in a manner somewhat difficult to get an idea of from a description. Along the front, between the first and the windows of the second story, were heavy red, white and blue festoons, and between the second and third were also heavy festoons and drapery in volume, increasing towards the centre, and there held by a large gilt bracket. The great Trunk and Carpet Bag emporium of the enterprising Van Nortwick, on Sharp adjoining Baltimore street, also attracted particular notice.

The Paper-hangings establishment of Messrs. Howell & Bro. was freel}"^ ornamented with red, white and blue festoons, and with flags. Messrs. Titfany, Long & Byrn placed over their door a shield bearing the M^ord " Welcome," and heavily draped with red, white and blue stufls. The front of Marston's china establishment displayed a large gilt eagle, and directly over that a large bust of Henry Clay, the two being heavily draped with masses of red, white and blue material. The national flag was displayed from the staff on top of the building. Messrs. John N. Brufi" & Co. also decorated the front of their warehouse with red, white and blue festoons.

Messrs. Canfield & Bro. ornamented the front of their large jewelry establishment, at the corner of Charles street, with a number of small flags, which had a very pleasing eftect. Messrs. J. Edward Bird & Bro. decorated their beautiful front with red, white and blue material, the colors being placed in alternate transverse sections.

Among the conspicuous objects of intei-est to the guests as they passed down towards the Institute, was the new and magnificent white marble Drygoods House of Hamilton Easter & Co., who have adorned Baltimore's Broadway with a structure rivalling Stewart's famous New York store, in its general effect.

The new and large white white marble Book and Printing House of John iMurphy & Co., opposite Light street, deserves mention here for its beautiful appearance.

From the splendid iron-front warehouse and office of the Adams' Express Co. was suspended over the middle of the street a large national flag, with the words attached, " Welcome the Great West !" '- Adams' Express Company," in large letters, was at the end of the flag next the cord.

The American office was skilfully and beautifully decorated by Mr. T. jNI. Conradt, the favorite Upholsterer. Along the awning were festoons of loosely plaited red, white and blue stripes. On the front of the second story was a large full-length figure of the Goddess of Liberty, supported on the right by a figure of Washington, and on the left by that of Lafayette with full length, the whole draped with red, white and blue material. Above these three figures was a tablet with the word '- Welcome " in large antique letters. Between the second and third stories and along the top of the third were displayed heavy folds of material, colored as those already mentioned. The two spires which surmount the front were fully draped, and American flags were displayed from staves at their summits. From several windows flags were flying, and the large national flag belonging to the office was suspended across the street. The Clipper and Patriot offices displayed their large American colors ; while the Sun building - which is one of the city's standing decorations, - also displayed its flag.

The building occupied by Messrs. Connolly & Lloyd and by Adams' Sewing Establishment, was plentifully decorated with red, white and blue swallow-tailed pennons, such as are used by lancers.

The House Telegraph office and Wra. F. Richstein's bookstore were decorated with American flags, and red, white and blue festoons. The regalia establishment of Mrs. Sisco was ornamented with flags.

From the armory of the Baltimore City Guards the word " Welcome " in very large fancy letters was stretched across the street, and from the windows were displayed several company flags.

From the room of the Friendship Fire Company on the southeast comer of Frederick and Baltimore streets was stretched to the northeast corner a flag, in the centre of which was a shield having upon it the figure of two men, one in fireman's costume, the other in citizen's dress, shaking hands ; above this shield was that of the American coat of arms lying down, and upon it an eagle ; below it were two hands clasped in greeting. The whole was surrounded with the national ensign in heavy folds. Upon the right of the centre piece a locomo- tive with a train attached was coming up to the front, and upon the left a number of Indians were at work on a canoe. The motto, painted in lar^e letters, was " In Friendship we Progress."

Mr. Givens, the "Chinaman," placed several good sized cedars along the curb in front of his store, the deep green of which gave relief to the eye after it had been resting on the bright colors elsewhere.

Mr. James Kidd, the confectioner, put up along his awning a light arch festooned with red, white and blue, enclosing the motto, '- Welcome to our Hearts and Homes." Upon the chord of the arch was a miniature locomotive and train of passenger cars. In a frame, suspended in the arch just under the keystone, were the mottoes "Our Country," " Union," with two hands clasped, and under these words " North and South." The whole affair was surmounted with a portrait of Washington, and ornamented with red, white and blue drapery, relieved by the deep green of a wreath of box.

The exten.sive new clothing establishment of Messrs. Wicsenfield & Bro., on the corner of Market Space, was profusely decorated between the stories with red, white and blue festoons. On the front of the second story were placed portraits of Clay and Webster, and between them a miniature copy from the Battle Monument in a niche of the same material as the festoons. On the third story front was a portrait of Washington, and above that the words " Welcome to our Western Guests." In the centre of the fourth story front was a colored picture of the Goddess of Liberty.

The triumphal arch, however, was the most conspicuous decoration that was put up on the occasion. It was built at the instance of Pioneer Hook and Ladder Company, No. 1, under the immediate superiatendeiice of its members. The arch was built over Baltimore street at the intersection of Harrison street, and the procession passed under it, and then turned to go into the Institute Hall. Tiie columns on each side were square and wiiite with blue corners and capitals. Upon these columns were hung a number of pictures of scenes in the life of a fireman. On the inward side of the northern column were the names of the visiting cities, in this order, beginning at the top : Chillicothe, St. Louis, Cincinnati. On the southern were the names ranged thus : Cincinnati, Chillicothe, St. Louis. The names were of white frost-work upon blue scrolls. The outside of the structure was square in its outline, and at the corners, fiom the capitals of the columns to the top, the white ground was relieved at the corners by red and blue stripes.

The corners formed by the fronts and inside of the arch were covered with evergreens made ropewise. Upon the front on one side of the keystone, reading from left to right, was the title of the compan}^, '- Pioneer H. & L, Company, No. 1." Over it the word " Welcome," in large letters ; on the other side, " To the City's Guests ;" the lettering, like all on the arch, being of white frost-work on a blue ground. The whole structure was surrounded by a large American shield, supporting an eagle. The height of the structure was about sixty feet. As may be supposed, it is difficult to give a definite idea of any thing of this kind by words. This arch was the only attempt by any association to get up a decoration of importance, except the ornamenting of the New Market Engine House with flags, &c., a description of which will be found below. The company also suspended an immense flag across Harrison street, and placed both its trucks on Baltimore steets.

"With the Eutaw street display, may be included the Baltimore and Ohio Company's Camden Station. From the stories of the steeple of the office building several flags were displayed, one of the largest having on it the name " St. Louis ; " on a flag flying from the right side of the building was the name " Cincinnati," and on a similar one on the left side was the name " Chillicothe." A lai-ge flag was hoisted at the ticket office on Conway street, and across Conway, at Eutaw street, was a flag with the words Welcome St. Louis." From Broaders' "Washington Hotel a number of flags were flying, and one was stretched across the street, displaying the words " Welcome to Baltimore."

In Eutaw street a large flag, suspended on a long piece of leather hose, was flying from the large Card and Hose manufacturing establishment of jMr. T. H. Haskell.

One of the most conspicuous, liberal, and effective displays, was that made by the great piano-forte manufac^turers, Wm. Knabe & Co., whose large factories, on both North and South Eutaw streets, as well as their new sales-rooms on Baltimore street, were all beautifully decorated.

At the intersection of Franklin and Eutaw streets, a flag was suspended across the latter-named street, having on it this sentiment, " AVelcome Visitors ; the Guests of the West and the citizens of Baltimore - may their hearts be like their cities, iron-bound together." There was also an American flag at each end of this one. The Gilmor House displayed an immense burgee with the name of the hotel, and relieved by an American jack at one end, and a red and white flag at

At the Relay House, at 10 o'clock, the excursionists again took the trains, now thrown into one, with the beautiful locomotive and cars gayly decorated with flags, and moved onward to Baltimore. As they nt^ared the city, the preparations for the reception ceremonies began to demonstrate to the visitors the earnestness of the welcome awaiting them. Groups of people were formed at diiFerent points on the outskirts, and from the windows of the houses welcomes were waved to the excursionists.

At half-past ten o'clock the train entered the Camden street station, amidst the cheering of the many thousands who had gathered there. The visitors, in accordance with previous arrangements, remained in the cars until the carriages were prepared for their reception. This was accomplished comfortably and without unnecessary loss of time - the city police, under Marshals Herring and Manly, maintaining excellent order, keeping the premises clear - and at 11 o'clock the procession was formed and moved in the following order :

The escort, consisting of the United States troops and a portion of the First Light Division of Mar^'^land Volunteers, were posted on Eutaw street, with the right resting on Saratoga street, extending southwardly. As soon as the guests were comfortably seated in the long tram of barouches and carriages, the trumpets of the artillery gave the signal for the column to proceed, which was precisely at eleven o'clock. It moved along the route in the following order :

Nearly all the aids wore broad sashes of white satin, and such as belonged to the various regiments were in full uniform. All were supei'bly mounted, and gave a beautiful appearance to the head of the line. The military appeared in the following order, viz. :

Batteries of United States Artillery^ under the command of Major William H. French, as follows : Company A of the Second Regiment of Artillery, Lieutenants Larned, Mullin and Smith ; Company K of the First Artillery Regiment, commanded by Lieutenants Davis, Gil- Ian and Cooper. Both companies paraded their strength, mustering about 170 men rank and file, with eight field pieces and eight cais- 3* sons, all in the finest possible order, and exhibiting a high state of discipline. First Light Division Maryland Volunteers. - Maj. Gen. Geo. H. Steuart, commanding. Brigadier Gen. N. Hickman, commanding First Light Brigade, with the following staff and other oflBcers : Col. Richard Lilly, Major W. H. Hayward, Paymaster Hugh Gelston, Jr., Quarter-Master John W. Watkins, Jr. Fifth Regiment of Infantry. - City Cornet Band, Capt. Feltman ; Law Grays, Captain Thomas Bowers, First Lieut. Alex. Cross ; National Cornet Band, Capt. Egger ; German Riflemen's Band, Capt. Scheiber ; Maryland Guards, Lieutenants James McLaughlin and George A. Freeburger; Jackson Guards, Captain Antone Heiderick. Second Brigade Fiftythird Regiment. - Lieut. Colonel Samuel S. Mills, commanding ; Paymaster Richard H. Tyson, acting Major ; Lieut. J. M. Wampler, of the Lafayette Guards, acting as Adjutant ; William H. Cole, Quartermaster's Sergeant ; Lidcpendent Blues' Band, Capt. Holland ; Baltimore City Guards, Cajjtain Joseph P. Warner ; first Lieutenant, Lloyd B. Parks ; second Lieutenant, David E. Woodburn ; third Lieutenant, Ellis Coleman. Cornet Band of the Linhart's. led by Captain Philip Linhart. Marion Reseiwe Guard, Captain Samuel T. Harvey ; first Lieutenant, James K. Elderkiu ; second Lieutenant, James H. Speakes ; third Lieutenant, Dowling.

Independent Greys, under the command of First Lieutenant Benjamin Simpson. The Greys ended the militarj' escort. The column extended a half-mile in length, and presented a brilliant and soldierlike appearance.

Following the military were three omnibuses, in which were seated Captain Mentor's Cornet Band, of Cincinnati, and Le Brun's Brass Band, of St. Louis, both of whom discoursed alternately with the Baltimore bands - there being seven in the line.

The barouches and carriages (110 in number, and furnished by the Stewarts) came next. They were flanked by a detachment of two hundred city police, all in full uniform, and appearing as a civic guard of honor. The first barouche, drawn by four beautiful white horses, contained His Honor Mayor Swann, His Excellency Governor Chase, of Ohio, and his Aids-de-Camp, Col. H. B. Carrington, and Col. William McMillcn. Previous to the arrival of the guests, the Ma^-or called on these gentlemen at the Gilmor House, in his family coach, and escorted them to the Camden Station, where they awaited the arrival of the other excursionists.

The Grand Procession At Baltimore

President of the Second Council, and John F. McJilton, President of the First Branch of Baltimore, with some of the more distinguished guests, whilst they were followed by a train of over one hundred coaches, each containing from three to five of the guests - and which alone extended the length of a full mile.

The procession passed over the following route : Up Eutaw street to Madison street ; Madison street to Charles ; around the Washington Monument; Monument street to Park street; Park to Franklin; Franklin to Charles ; Charles to Fayette ; Fayette to Eutaw ; Eutaw to Baltimore street, down Baltimore street.

Upon the head of the column reaching the intersection of Baltimore and Calvert streets, the artillery passed up Calvert to Fayette street, and thence down into Baltimore by way of Gay street, and dashed along at full speed, so as to throw its right on Baltimore street, at Calvert. The remainder of the escort then moved down Baltimore street and took position on the left of the artillery, where it came to a present, and saluted the visitors as they passed into the Hall.

Nothing of imusual interest occurred along the route, except that all the splendid dwellings and public houses of every character were crowded with thousands and tens of thousands of citizens, mostly ladies, all of whom apparentlj^ were much gratified upon seeing the visitors from the West in such good hands.

The scene presented as the procession passed over the route, was one of the most effective and attractive pageants which has at any time elicited the sympathies and admiration of the people of our great cities. The gay decorations of the houses, the waving flags which reached in every direction as far as vision extended, the brilliant appearance of the military, tlw resoimding music of the bands, and above all, the presence and enthusiasm of the immense mass of people, - who along the side-walks, from the windows, house-tops, and every elevation that promised a view of the cortege, greeted with loud and constantly-renewed shouts of welcome the excursionists as they slowly filed past in the long line of carriages provided for their accommodation - were the imposing characteristics of this most exciting demonstration. The guests themselves thoroughly participated in the excitement and enthusiasm of the spectacle, and evidenced their generous appreciation of the popular manifestation. The weariness following their long confinement in the cars in midsummer, disappeared in the presence of the cordial salutations and impressive welcomings offered them. Leaning from the vehicles, they enjoyed the brilliant panoramic

As the cortege passed the extensive daguerrean establishment of Mr. Henry Pollock, on Baltimore street near Calvert, numerous views of the surrounding vicinity, with the different portions of the procession passing at the moment, were skilfully taken by the proficient head of that popular gallery. These views were subsequently photographed on paper, and many of them were procured by the guests as interesting souvenirs of the occasion.

In the vicinity of the entrance to the JIaryland Institute Hall, the imposing aspect of this grand civic demonstration culminated. A dense mass of people covered every available foot of ground, from the windows fluttered innumerable white handkerchiefs proclaiming the ladies' interest in the scene, whilst far down Baltimore street was a " sea of up-turned faces," framed, as it were, in the triumphal ai'ch which spanned the street at this point, and presenting an animated picture that no mere grouping of art could have excelled. As the military escort reached the Hall, they filed off right and left, leaving a lane in the centre through which the carriages approached, the police in open lines took possession of the immediate approach to the Hall, and as the guests, accompanied by the various committees, alighted, they were conducted up the broad stairway into the grand saloon.

The capacious hall of the Institute was tastefully decorated with streamers, flags, and banners of various associations. The front of the speaker's stand was festooned with white and blue streamers loosely plaited. The back of the stand was covered with a large American flag, relieved by the banners of several Lodges of Odd Fellows. Two large streamers, looped up to the ceiling, stretched across the hall, divided its length into three equal parts, and all around the galleries the national colors hung in festoons. Full-length figures of Washington, Jefferson, Lafayette, and Franklin, adorned the walls. Directly over the gallery, at the lower end of the room, was a flag with this inscription : " A Hearty Welcome from Baltimore to the West."

Upon the rostrum the following gentlemen were arranged : Mayor Swann, of B;iltimore ; Gov. Chase, of Ohio ; Mayor Adams, of Chillicothe ; Colonels McMillen and Carringtou, Aids to Gov. Chase, in full uniform ; Messrs. Seidenstricker and McJilton, Presidents of the two Branches of the City Council of Baltimore ; Judge Pruden, representing the Ma)'or, and B. Eggleston, representing the City Council of Cincinnati, Ohio ; George K. Taylor, President of the Board of Aldermen, and then representing!: the Mayor of St. Louis ; the city authorities of Baltimore, St. Louis, Cincinnati, and Chillicothe, and the representatives of the Western press, whose names are given in the list already presented. The excursionists occupied seats immediately in front of the rostrum. The galleries were exclusively devoted to the use of the ladies, and the display of beauty and fashion, and the fluttering of fans and handkerchiefs, made this one of the features of the reception. The tasty decorations of the hall, the animated throng which occupied everj' portion of the immense saloon, the fine music of the bands, and the pleasant excitement in which all seemed to indulge, made the scene one of the most effective that has ever been presented in our city.

The visitors all being seated in the Ilall, the doors were opened to the public, and whilst the band played the national air of "' Hail Columbia," the citizens soon filled the vast area behind the visitors.

Having received on the banks of the Ohio the distinguished guests of the city of Baltimore, from St. Louis, Cincinnati, and Chillicothe, he had the pleasure of announcing that he had safely conducted them to our city. It only remained for him to say that they would be publicly welcomed to Baltimore by the honored Mayor of the city.

Address Of Welcome

Gentlemen: The honor which has been conferred upon us by your presence here to-day, is an event which has seldom occurred in the past history of this State. The corporate authorities of three great cities, occupying the same parallel of latitude with our own, situated upon the line of the national highway which spans the entire breadth of our public domain, from the valley of the Mississippi to the Atlantic coast, are here in our midst, to recognize, by an interchange of friendly courtesies, the common interests and common sympathies by which we are bound together ; and to draw closer the ties of social brotherhood. The compliment is not without its appreciation. "We receive you, one and all, in a spirit of reciprocal welcome. Whatever of generous impulse or kindly prepossession has prompted this act of municipal courtesy on your part, we need hardly assure you that it meets a ready response in the heart of every Baltimorean and every Marylander here present. [Applause.]

zens from almost every sectioTi of our Union, in the presence of the high dignitaries of our own government, as well as the accredited agents of foreign states, we were called to inaugurate an event of great national importance - honorable alike to you and to us. The celebration to which I refer, whose stirring incidents are so fresh in the recollection of us all, proclaimed the opening of a line of communication a thousand miles in extent - with the cities of St. Louis and Baltimore at the two extremes ; and united in bonds of commercial fellowship the important sections represented here to-day, which are destined to contribute most largely to our advancement and prosperity in the future. [Loud applause.]

The triumphs of human skill and enterprise have been sufficiently manifest in the varied journey through which you have passed. You have the same evidences in what you see around you. Scarcely a century ago this goodly city, whose population has now reached a limit of little less than two hundred and fifty thousand souls - whose crowded streets and stately edifices give token of the career upon which she has entered - numbered just twenty-five houses aud two hundred inhabitants. A brig and a sloop constituted her whole marine list. In a space of fifty years she had increased her numbers to twentysix thousand - a great achievement in those early times, when it is recollected that the white population had scarcely penetrated beyond the Ohio river, and the fertile region upon which we have since drawn so largely, was a locked-up and forbidden land. In 1827, when the first meeting was held to consider the expediency of a railway communication with the AVest, the whole taxable basis of the city of Baltimore did not ea-ceed §(25,000,000. These evidences of tardy growth in the earlj' stages of this government, are referable to causes which the more recent introduction of steam will sufficiently explain.

With you, gentlemen, the same indications have attended the progress of Western expansion. If we go back to the early explorations of Christopher Gist and Daniel Boone, not a century ago, we find the Indian watch fires burning upon the sites of what have since become prosperous and thriving cities. At the time of Wayne's treaty, about the year 1800, the whole Miami country, with the exception of Cincinnati, was an undisturbed wilderness, and, at the same period, the population of that great city did not exceed seven hundred and fifty inhabitants. In 1828, before the effect of her internal improvements began to be felt, her white population had barely reached a limit of twenty-five thousand souls.

Until within the last quarter of a century, the progressive energies of our people had scarcely found a vent, in those efforts of power and development which have since resulted in so many stupendous works of skill aud enterprise, which stand forth in every State as enduring characteristics of the age. Steam, gentlemen, is the active agent to which wc are indebted for this new impetus has been given to the march of imjirovement. The tardy sail of the primitive boatman is no longer the sole dependence of the navigator of your Western rivers. The voice of the locomotive is heard in the valleys and upon the hill-tops ; it has driven before it the red man of the forest ; it has surmounted obstacles heretofore deemed to be impregnable, and has raised its shout of triumph amidst the repose of centuries. [Renewed applause.]

The beautiful plain on which Chillicothe now stands was once, within the recollection of some here present, the favorite haunt of the Indian. Since her first settlement, with a surrovmding country unsurpassed in fertility and productiveness, she has been shut out from the benefits of a liberal commercial interchange. It is only now, since the opening cf the American Central Road, that the steam whistle has proclaimed her release from the thraldom in which she has so long struggled, and opened upon her a prospect of enlarged growth and usefulness. [Applause.]

And further, still further, in the recesses of that vast domain, which stretches away to the shores of the Pacific, your beautiful city of St. Louis - the abode of generous hearts and noble impulses - [great applause by the Baltimoreans,] has only within a few weeks past stretched forth her iron arm, to meet the embrace of her adventurous allies, in the completion of that stupendous work which has aided in bearing you to our midst, in comhination with the associate lines over which you have passed.

Your journey here to-day is one of significant import. The past and the future crowd upon us with their lessons of patient endurance, indomitable eflfort, and successful triumph. It is no common jubilee which unites upon the soil of the State of Maryland the corporate authorities and distinguished citizens of the remote states and cities which you represent, whose increasing treasures lie scattered along the extended line of intercommunication which you have opened, with our co-operation, between the Chesapeake and the teeming valley of the Mississippi. [Great Applause.]

The city of Baltimore, gentlemen, stands prominent in that great commercial league which, in times past, even before railroads were known or heard of, had its origin in the necessities of convenient distance and a free commercial traffic. Planting herself upon the extreme verge of one of the boldest indentations which breaks the margin of the noble bay on which she stands, she has stepped forth to give the first welcome to the trade of the West. A glance at her past history will show how diligently she has labored in the effort to do justice to her geographical position. She has manifested a becoming zeal in the appropriation and protection of her sacred birthright. With an aggregate population of little more than half a million in the entire State to which she belongs, she has maintained, unaided, a successful rivalry with the giant cities of the North. By a mighty effort - an expenditure of thirty milhous of capital - slie has established a terminus on your northern frontier. Another, and not less determined move, finds her arms outstretched towards a shorter and more direct communication ^\dth that central highway so lately brought into use, whose lengthened chain - extending onward and onward, with Chillicothe and Cincinnati and St. Louis as links in the brilliant combination - is destined sooner or later to bind together the two great oceans that wash our Eastern and Western borders. Still jealous of her more powerful rivals, she has tapped the trunk line of a sister State, and even now, when the struggle is at an end - when the battle has been fought and won - when the prize is in her own hand, and we are assembled to rejoice together in the encouraging prospect which is already beginning to dawn, we find her casting a jealous eye to the head waters of the Ohio, and engaging in the constniction of a line of communication in direct contact with the terminus of a rival work, in order to claim a participation in the fruits of that productive region. [Great and hearty Applause.]

In this stmggle for commercial ascendency - stimulated and urged on by the advantages of her natural position - the city of Baltimore has been actuated by no mean and grovelling spirit. She has watched with pride the efforts of her northern sisters. Tracing their descent from the same common stock - members of the same glorious Union - embarked in the same great work of physical development - she has recognized without disparagement the triumphs of engineering skill and financial power, which have called into being some of the proudest monuments which this country can boast. North, South, East and West, she hails the developments of American progress as part and parcel of a common renown. [Renewed Applause.]

The advantages of the position which we occupy here, in reference to the States which you represent, will be apparent when you measure the distance to points similarly situated, and claiming a share in the profits of Western commerce. Baltimore justly aspires to the destiny, at no remote period, of a powerful and stately City. She has already ceased to be a point of local transit and distribution merely. The comparatively imperfect arrangements under which she has heretofore acted, have given her the daily control of more than 1,000 tons of Western produce. AVhen this shall have been trebled - a result certain to be realized in the next few years - an active system of direct interchange with the markets of the world will be the immediate consequence. Already, her claims as the key of the Western and Southern States, in those more remote combinations which look to the future of our glorious Union, are being recognized by the General Government. [Applause.]

Improvements are going forward, with the co-operation of Congress, intended to give increased facilities to our mercantile marine, in the improvement and removal of obstructions in our harbor - the effect of which will be, eventually, to ensure the free and unobstructed passage of vessels of the largest clfss throughout its entire length. The extraordinary and unsurpassed mineral resources of Western Maryland, point here also, as a suitable location for a naval depot, for the supply and defence of the Atlantic coast. Connections have been formed with every accesbible point North and Sonth, rendering the city of Baltimore a market of easy distribution, whether coastwise or with reference to more distant combinations. It has been asserted, and is believed to be susceptible of satisfiictory demonstration, that, taking the Queen City of the West as the commercial centre of that particular vicinage, or stiU more remote, the city of St. Louis, the most convenient line of approach to these points, from Boston or New York, would be through the city of Baltimore, by the improvement which you have so lately inaugurated, rather than by any existing or proposed combinations of their own. These are interesting inquiries to you here, and it is therefore the more gratifying, that your presence among us will enable you to verify, by actual experiment, what might otherwise have been treated as mere speculation.

The completion of the American central line was an event, I repeat, of national importance. To you and. to us it was the commencement of a new epoch. It cemented forever the covenant made by nature between our respective sections. It consolidated into one common family Baltimore, and Parkersburg, and Athens, and Chillicothe, and Cincinnati, and Vincennes, and St. Louis, with their kindred supports. It bound them together by ties of indissoluble union. [Further Applause.]

Gentlemen, we stand here upon a soil consecrated by some of the proudest reminiscences of our revolutionary history. A monument dedicated to the illustrious Washington towers above you. It was the first to greet your welcome approach, and will be the last to fade upon your departing gaze. Almost within sight of the spot where you now stand, is the noble city which bears his name; and further on, upon the silent banks of the Potomac, repose his sacred ashes. That great man, under a commission of the Governor of "Virginia, visited what was then the great West in 1753. The French and the English claimed the rightful occupancy of a territory which is now greater than the combined possessions of both in the Old "World. The whole country beyond the Ohio River was little more than an impenetrable waste. The visit of Washington was not without its practical results. It indicated the probable direction of Western trade, even before artificial lines of intercourse were thought of, and fixed the seat of federal government upon the spot which it now occupies. It is proper and becoming tliat his honored name should be appropriately associated with the rejoicings of this day. [Hearty Applause.]

Gentlemen from the far West ! - Brothers from that distant city, whose gigantic eflForts in the march of improvement have made you known and honored beyond the limits of your own State, we bid you welcome here to-day. You have journeyed a distance of a thousand miles. From the beautiful valley of the Mississippi you have been transferred, almost by magic, to the banks of the Chesapeake. We receive you not as strangers. In times past,

Baltimore and St. Louis claimed their descent from a common parentage. The blood of our ancestors runs in your veins. The sons of many a gallant spirit, sleeping upon the soil of the State of Maryland, have sought a refuge and a home in j'our midst. In all the characteristics of whole-souled benevolence, in commercial honor and integrity, in boundless and never-ending hospitality, who shall stand before the kind and generous-hearted citizens of St. Louis. [Great Applause.]

And you, gentlemen of Cincinnati ! - we extend to yon the same cordial welcome. [Renewed Applause ] Coming from that graceful city - the attractive centre of a growing commercial system - whose matured image and fair proportions, arrayed like a bride for the nuptials, are reflected from the surface of that noble river which bears upon its bosom the treasures of so many States, we open to you our hearts and homes, in recognition of your ancient friendship. Thrice honored should we feel, when the Chief Magistrate of the State to which you belong - a man who shares alike your admiration and your confidence - has united with you in this act of social interchange, and signalizes, by his presence, the imposing c3remonies of this visit. It is with no unmeaning purpose - no attempt at empty compliments - that I embrace this occasion to reciprocate here the kindness so liberally extended by him to the corporate authorities of the city of Baltimore, upon the soil of his adopted State. I reflect the sentiment of those whom I represent, M'hen I welcome to our midst the Governor of the State of Ohio. [Applause.]

And not less entitled to our distinguished notice in this assemblage, are the representatives of that cherished city, for whose friendly alliance we have shown our appreciation in past times by so many efforts to tempt her to our embrace. The opening of an unobstructed passage to the Chesapeake, after so many years of deferred hope, was a glorious day for Chillicothe. We cordially invite her to that union which she has so auspiciously inaugurated. [Applause.]

The incidents of this day, gentlemen, will be long remembered. Such manifestations of reciprocal courtesy between so many and remote States cannot be fruitless of results in all our relations - political, commercial and sociaL They will soften the asperities of party rancor - they will rekindle the fires of an enlarged patriotism - they will cause us to value more highly those free institutions under which we have been enabled to accomplish so much for the benefit of ourselves and our posterity - and they will cement by stronger ties that bond of Union which has secured to us, so long as it shall be permitted to endure, the multiplied blessings which we enjoy.

Once more, fellow-citizens of the great West, in the name of the corporate authorities of the city of Baltimore, I bid you a cordial welcome.

Gentlemen : You are aware that the citizens of Baltimore, jealous, I might almost say, of the participation which the corporate authorities of this city have borne in the reception of our fellow-citizeus from the far West, have appointed a committee, who are here to-day, for the purpose of tendering throuyh their chairman, a cordial welcome upon the part of our citizens at large to our fillow-citizens of the West. I have the pleasure, therefore, to introduce to you Mr. HoflFman, the Chairman of the Citizens' Committee.

Gentlemen: I can add but little to the eloquent remarks addressed to you by our Chief Magistrate. Our only purpose, on the part of the citizens of Baltimore generally, is to tender to you a most cordial welcome. We would not respond to the wishes of our whole community did we not perform our part, by endeavoring, by every means in our power, to make you comfortable and happy. We therefore tender you, on their behalf, a most cordial welcome.

When I had the gratification, Mr. Mayor, of welcoming to Ohio, a few weeks since, yourself and your respected associates in the city government of Baltimore, together with the honored President, Directors and officers of your great Pioneer Railroad - which is Itself the grandest among the splendid monuments of your monumental city - I little expected to find myself so soon in your midst, at a loss for language to express in my own behalf, and in behalf, I am surs I may add, of my fellow-citizens of Ohio, our deep sense of the kindness and courtesy with which our endeavors to prove by our acts the cordiality of our welcome, are now and hero so signally overpaid. [Applause.]

But so it is. Baltimore, ever nobly unwilling to be excelled in generous alms and deeds, proves to-day that she cannot be overcome in a contest of hospitality. And the kind warmth of your words of welcome, emphasized as they are by the approving presence of this vast assemblage of your fellow -citizens, and illumined as they are by tlie beaming smiles of lovely ladies, whose beauty and grace crown as with fair Corinthian capitals the splendid structure of your city's strength and power, doubles the value of that welcome itself.

Prompted by your invitation, we come hither to-day from the great central valley, where a boundless wilderness for more than half a century has been undergoing the process, long yet to be continued, of transformation into populous States, to rejoice with you in what has been achieved, and to anticipate with you the vaster achievements of the future. [Applause.]

We, in Ohio, have some special reasons for sympathy with you in Maryland. It is a curious fact that the establishment of the northern boundary of Maryland determined on one side the boundary of Ohio. The famous line of Mason and Dixon in arks at its western extremity the beginning point of the due north line which divides Ohio from Pennsylvania. And it is another curious fact, not much thought of, and yet well worth thinking of, that the very existence of the State of Ohio and her sister States of the old Northwest, with their present dimensions and institutions, is due, in no smaH degree, to the persistent determination with which Maryland, during the Revolutionary straggle and at its close, insisted that the vast domain west of the Alleghanies was, in fact, and of right ought to be, the common property of all the United States, and not the special property of any particular State. It was at Cumberland, in Maryland also, that the great national road began, that first practical conquest of the Alleghanies, forever identified with the name and memory of the patriot statesman to whom his grateful countrymen are now rearing another monument amid the green fields of his beloved Ashland. [Great applause.] And now you have made us your neighbors, and invited us into your midst by the great Railroad over which we have come hither.

We rejoice, sir, with you in that remarkable career of civic prosperity which you have so eloquently depicted ; and we earnestly hope that all you anticipate of wealth, prosperity, and honorable distinction in the future of the city of Baltimore, may be more than realized. We gratefully acknowledge all our debts, ancient and modern, to the State of Maryland. We remember, with pride, the days when Maryland, by the hands of Charles Carroll, of CaiTollton, and his distinguished associates, subscribed the Declaration of Independence ; when, in the fierce straggle which followed, Maryland, in the heroes of the gallant Maiyland Line, displayed her ardent courage and noble constancy on the battle-fields of the Revolution ; and when, after the war was over and the great victory secure, she assisted by her Chase, her Paca, and her ]\Iartin, in framing the glorious Constitution which still constitutes - and far distant bo the dark day when it shall not constitute - our bond of Union. [Great applause.]

Sir, it was fit that the most splendid monument yet reared to Washington, to which you have so appropriately referred, should rise sublimely in the midst of a city penetrated by his spirit. [Hearty applause.] It was even more becoming that the cherished scheme of Washington of uniting the seaboard to the interior by a system of roads and canals, which he himself sought to realize as President of the old Potomac Company, the first association ever organized for any such purpose, should be more than accomplished through the mngnificent work of wliich you are so justly proud - itself a monument, and the grandest of all monuments, to the wisdom and patriotism of Washington. [Loud applause.]

It is not for me to speak of the obstacles, seemingly insurmountable, which have been overcome by the State of Maryland, and the city of Baltimore, and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, in the formation of their first undertaking. You have yourself happily indicated them. But I may, perhaps, be permitted to say that in my judgment the conquest of the financial difficulties of the enterprise was an achievement no less splendid than the triumph over the vast obstacles which nature offered to its success. And I tnist I shall not be thought to overstep the proprieties of this occasion, if I add that the unshrinking fortitude and manly faith with which your noble State has assumed and sustained the enormous burden of pecuniary liabilities growing out of this great undertaking and her other works of improvements, is not the least among her many titles to admiration and honor. [Great applause.]

No one, Mr. Mayor, who thinks at all of the westward progress already achieved by the railroads which form this American Central Line, can help anticipating the time when it shall reach the Pacific. How many years ago was it that Oliver Evans declared that the child was already born who would go from Baltimore to Boston in twenty-four hours ? Many then thought him crazy. He only thought himself bold. But hit* anticipation lagged far behind the reality. As I was borne along, day before yesterday, from our State Capitol to this city, in twenty-two hours, over great rivers and lofty mountains, through winding vaUeys, intensely interested in the bold and picturesque scenery which clianged before me like a kaleidoscope, and watching the line of the track, wet with recent rains, and glistening in the light of the descending sun as it sti-etcbed away and aw.-iy, farther and fiirtlier, towards tlie Western horizon, I thought of Oliver Evans, and wondered Jiow old is now the man who shall yet go from Baltimore to San Francisco in five days by rail ? Perhaps it was a little presumptuous, but I did actually fancy myself hurled along, with shriek, and puff and clatter, through the defiles of the Rocky Mountains, across the plains of the Great Basin, under or over the rugged summits of the Sierra Nevada, until the Bay of San Francisco flung back under my eye the glances of the sun. I hope, Mr. Mayor, I shall have tlie pleasure of meeting you at the celebration of the opening of the Atlantic and Pacific road, to which I trust the people of California will invite us all. [Applause,]

You have spoken eloquently. Sir, of railroads as bonds of union, and your observations wore as just as they were eloquent. No man conversant with railroads can be a disunionist. [Prolonged applause.] The social intercourse which they foster, the ties of business which they create, the mutual depend- ence which they establish and exhibit, mate disunion impossible. There must, of course, be differences of opinion on some points. Real grievances may from time to time demand redress. But there is no evil of which disunion is the proper cure. [Renewed applause.] And the more we see of each other tlie less likely shall we be to commit the error of thinking otherwise. The fact is, that we who live along the line of the American Central Railway don't mean to let this Union be broken up. [Applause.] Marj'land will not consent to it, I think. I trust Virginia will not. Ohio, I am sure, will not. Nor Indiana, or Illinois, or Missouri. Who, then, will ? No, Sir. We may differ henceforth, as we have differed heretofore. We will maintain our respective opinions and positions with candor, courtesy, firmness, and resolution. And we will refer whatever question may be between us, to the great American tribunal of popular discussion and popular judgment. But in the time to come as in the time past we cleave to the Union as our ark of refuge, and, under God, our surest guaranty of prosperity and power, and abiding glory. [Hearty and continued applause.]

But I have detained you too long. Other gentlemen, representing the cities whom Baltimore welccynes here to-day, await an opportunity of expressing their acknowledgments of your courtesy. Thanking you, and the authorities and citizens (so fitly represented by the Chairman of their Committee,) you so worthily represent, again and again, for these magnificent acts of hospitality, I beg you to rest assured that Ohio, on her part, will ever keep bright the friendly bonds into which she enters with you to-day.

The beautiful speech of Governor Chase elicited a marked interest from all his hearers, who frequently interrupted him as he proceeded, by their very hearty and generally well-timed applause.

We have to regret - and most sincerely regret - on this occasion, the absence of the Mayor of Cincinnati. But I am happy to inform you that there is a gentleman present who worthily represents him. I have the pleasure now to introduce to you Judge Pruden, of Cincinnati, who represents the Mayor of that city.

On behalf of the citizens whom you have so cordially welcomed here to-day, I wish to assure vou, Mr. Mayor and citizens of Baltimore, that this kindness is fully appreciated upon the part of Cincinnati, and will be remembered by her citizens to the latest period of their lives. Not expecting, however, to be called upon here, to-day, and feeling quite fatigued and somewhat indisposed, I will not detain you by any further remarks of mine.

Gentlemen : I have the pleasure to introduce to you now the representative of that far oflf city in the West, to which we have but recently made a visit, and the recollection of whose hospitalities is still fresh in the minds of you all. I introduce to you, Mr. George R. Taylor, who represents the corporate authorities of St. Louis.

Mr. Mayor, and you, the corporate authorities of the city of Baltimore, and to you, gentlemen, last, though not least, who have so kindly conveyed us over your stupendous and magnificent iron artery, that finds its way towards the Belle of rivers and the mighty Father of waters, to you and through you to the citizens of Baltimore, I beg leave to return, in the name and on behalf of the corporate authorities and citizens of St. Louis, our most hearty and cordial thanks for the reception you have given us to-day.

It is with the most profound regret, which I am sure is felt by the guests of the city of Baltimore, coming from the far distant State of Missouri, that I find myself under the necessity of stating to you that we must deplore the absence of the Executive of the city of St. Louis. We believe, in sincerity and truth, that you would have received him, as we strove to receive you, Mr. Mayor, when you were the guest of our beaiitiful, though far distant city.

I come to your city at the bidding of the lightning, which reached me most unexpectedly from the President of that stupendous enterprise, the Baltimore and Ohio Roilroad. I come here upon a formal invitation, sent me to St. Louis, over the wires of the lightning, and I now appear before you, as the representative of St. Louis, in her corporate capacity, having the honor of filling the office of the President of the City Council of St. Louis.

I came here with no set speech, and charged with no particular duty. I am now fulfilling a duty, feebly I confess, though one of infinite pleasure, which has been devolved upon me by the body over which I have the honor of presiding, who have called upon me, in the absence of their Executive, to be their exponent.

And now, Mr. Mayor, in reference to the most kind, cordial and eloquent welcome which you have given us, couched In language most choice and select, I do again profoundly thank you, not only for the demonstration which your citizens have made, in the gala day which now is exhibited iu the city of Baltimore, but for the hearty welcome which you of Baltimore have given us, hailing as we do from beyond the banks of the great Mississippi. [Cheers.]

historical description of the settlement of the territory that I have now the honor to represent. I do not intend to speak of that great iron artery that binds Baltimore to what we conceive to be the most free, the most wholesome city that stands upon the soil of our glorious confederacy. I do not intend to speak of the golden sands of California, nor of the lands bordering upon the Atlantic. We occupy a middle position, and may well say that in a national point of view, " we are monarchs of aU we survey." We have no fears of the dissolution of the Uuion. [Applause.] Sectionalism, the result of the depraved minds of men; the dark, the cold, the callous heart of sectionalism, may disturb the peace of this confederacy, but never will the word " disunion " be written in legible characters in the history of the land. [Cheers and applause.] There is a power known to you ; there is a power of which you have most eloquently spoken, Mr. Mayor, which is now growing into manhood, and ripening into mature age. That power is in the centre of this great American republic, and when the North and South, and the East upon the Atlantic, and the West upon the Bay of San Francisco, shall rise up in revolution, and strive to tear in pieces that glorious Constitution, which has been handed down to us from our fathers, the preat central power of the valley of the Mississippi will rise in its might, and proclaim in tones that shall be heard to the farthest limits of this great republic, " peace, be stiU." We, of St. Louis, do not mean that you here shall disrupt this Union, even if you would. We scorn to believe that you would do so. It is but a few days since we extended to you the right hand of fellowship, and we have already seen enough of you to prove that you are most worthy. [Applause.]