Waterford Township (part 2 of 3)

Odd Fellows

On the evening of March 4, 1847, Samuel Thompson, Robert Ramsey, Charles L. Bowen, W. V. Z. Wheeler, and W. F. Leget, met in the second story of the frame building on the northwest corner of Fifth and Canal streets and were duly instituted a lodge of the Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows, known as Beverly Lodge No. 84. The ceremonies of the occasion were conducted by Deputy Grand Master William Chidsey, of Cincinnati. The first officers were: Samuel Thompson, noble grand; Robert Ramsey, vice grand; C. L. Bowen, secretary; W. V. Z. Wheeler, treasurer. The lodge occupied the room in which it was instituted until the spring of 1848, when a room in the college building was secured and used until 1858, a room in Tucker's building was then fitted up and occupied until July, 1868. Since that time the hall on Fifth street has been used.

At the legislative session of 1861 the lodge was incorporated under the laws of Ohio. In 1858 this district was represented at the meeting of the Grand lodge by J. M. Truesdell, of Beverly, A. J. Morrison, who was initiated into the fraternity at this place, was elected to the position of grand master, in Iowa in 1878.

The Encampment Waterford Grange

The portrait and biography of no man is more deserving of a place in a volume of local history than the subject of this outline. The life of a man who, by persevering labor and force of character, accumulates a fortune and then uses it for the benefit of society, furnishes an example worthy of imitation.

E. S. McIntosh, eldest son of Dr. Nathan McIntosh, was born in Marietta in what was known as the "old red house," May 23, 1793. When quite young, his parents removed to Clarksburgh, Virginia, and remained there until 1795, when they returned to Marietta.

The school privileges for boys and young men at that -period were very limited. The country being new, money was scarce and work plenty. Luther Shepard, a brother of Mrs. Dr. McIntosh, operated a brickyard in which the doctor owned an interest. Enoch S. was placed in this yard as a laborer at the age of nine years, and during the first summer was one of two boys who carried from the moulds three hundred thousand bricks. "He thus early began a life of severe and unremitting toil, which occupied all his time until fortune rewarded his labors. At the age of twelve Mr. McIntosh began to lay bricks, and many of the old houses in Marietta were erected under his supervision. The two first cotton factories were built by him.

time Waterford has been his residence. In 1815 he built Mr. Seely's house, doing all the masonry from the foundation to the roof. Although cutting stone was not his trade, Mr. McIntosh was never afraid to undertake a piece of work placed in his way, and being naturally an expert mechanic, cut and laid stone in a manner entirely satisfactory.

While working for Mr. Seely he won the affections of his daughter Elizabeth, whom he married November 26, 1816. His reputation as a mason was now established, and his services were employed for the best work in the community. It is a fact to his credit as a mechanic that his work commanded higher wages than other brick masons. In 1817, Mr. Benjamin Dana began the erection

He engaged a workman at one dollar and a half a day, but soon became dissatisfied with the slow progress of the work. He came to Mr. McIntosh and tried to engage his services at the usual wages, but two dollars a day were demanded and finally given. The walls from that time grew rapidly, and the dollar-and-a-half man became thoroughly tired of his partner. Mr. McIntosh was engaged to plaster the house, and after that he did all of Mr. Dana's work, and no questions were asked about wages.

house for Captain Rotheus Hayward, and by October of that year had made and laid one hundred thousand bricks. He worked at the trade until 1823. The Regnier house on Duck creek and large houses for Benjamin Putnam and Colonel Mills, in Marietta, were built by him.

In the spring of 1823 Mr. McIntosh determined to start a store near the Ludlow line, near the northern limit of Waterford townsnip, where he had previously purchased land. He handed to Colonel John Mills, who was then in business, in Marietta, five hundred dollars, and requested him to buy with it such goods as would sell in the country. Colonel Mills doubted the expediency of the enterprise, but conformed to the request. A small store was opened and conducted on the general plan of buying and selling everything. The enterprise, which looked doubtful to a man of Mr. Mills' experience and Sagacity, was made a success largely through the tact and force of the proprietor.

Whiskey was one of the staple articles of trade in all the stores at that time. About 1830 a feeling began to develop against the use of intoxicating liquors, and Mr. McIntosh was the first merchant in this part of the county who abandoned its sale. He was strongly importuned by his friends not to take this step and some even went so far as to warn him that his trade would be ruined. But he showed a moral courage equal only to his business energy. Once convinced that vending liquors was wrong, he could not be persuaded to continue the trade.

In 1835 Mr. McIntosh placed his store in charge of John Seely and removed to a farm down the river. He soon after opened a store in Beverly, where he was the first merchant. He also built the first mill in Beverly. Mr. McIntosh continued merchandising until 1850. He has since been dealing in real estate and banking. Through him the First National bank of Beverly was instituted. He has been a director of the bank since its establishment and its president since 1870.

Mr. McIntosh has in all his business affairs been prosperous. When he came to Waterford township in 1814, he had one dollar and twenty-five cents. He has accumulated his property since then by sheer industry and hard work. Speculation has never had any attraction for him. He believes the only way to make money is to earn" it, and he has earned his. Once, soon after he was married, a merchant at Waterford refused to trust him to the amount of three dollars for a plow. Although he had never failed to pay a debt in his life, Mr. McIntosh was determined to have the plow, and walked to his farm a distance of three miles and a half and got the money - seven miles for a plow worth less thana half dollar. He had previously walked eighteen miles, on the same day. He resolved that Joseph Chambers should see the day when he would regret the trouble he had caused him.

Mr. McIntosh has been a lender of money for half a century, but it can be said to his credit he has never sued aman. Many testify to the assistance they have received at his hand. He never withholds his assistance from a worthy young man just starting in life. The part taken by him in the war of the Rebellion cannot be omitted from any sketch of his life. The firing in Sumter aroused his patriotism, and his energies from then till the close of the war were devoted to the cause of the Union.

When the first company was organized he expended about seventy-five dollars for supplies for the men and gave to Captain Henderson on the boat, one hundred dollars to be expended for the benefit of the men. Afterwards, when demands were made for money, Colonel McIntosh stepped forward with a subscription of three hundred dollars. He then passed his subscription paper to Dr. and Charles Bowen, who each equalled the sum. Mrs. McIntosh knit one hundred and thirty-seven pairs of woollen socks and sent to the soldiers in the field. Colonel McIntosh was too old to join the army, but his services at home were nevertheless effective in raising troops and supplies.

Mr. McIntosh's first wife, Elizabeth Seely, died April 3, 1868. Both her father and her mother were members of families of twenty children each. She gave birth to three children, viz.: Ann Elizabeth, born June 18, 1821, died August 14, 1824; Satina, born June 6, 1826, died June 22, 1828; and William, the oldest child, born November 15, 1817, died December 28, 1870. Mr. McIntosh married for his second wife Mrs. C. J. Russel, daughter of Major John Clark and Laura Shepard. Major Clark came to Marietta from Quincy, Massachusetts, in 1794. While at Quincy he was a playmate of John Quincy Adams. He married Rosanna McCallister, by whom he had four children, viz.; Sally, born in Maine; John and Polly, in Pennsylvania; and Isaac, in Marietta. She died in 1796. In 1798, he married Laura Shepard, daughter of Colonel Enoch Shepard, of Marietta. By her he had nine children, only two of whom are living - Laura and Clarinda Jane. Polly was married to Jason Curtis, and resides in Marietta. Laura was married to Lawrence Chamberlain, and lives in Harmar. Clarinda was born February 17, 1811. She was married to Charles Russel, in 1838, who died in 1841. She was married to Colonel McIntosh December 22, 1868. The remaining children of Major Clark were: Melissa, Timothy Y., Edward T., Tupper, Esther Ann, Nancy C., Samuel D., and Hannah.

In politics, Colonel McIntosh was a Whig, and has been a Republican since the organization of that party. He never asked for an office, although he has been occasionally pressed into the service. His interest in political affairs was stimulated by the Rebellion. He received his title of Colonel in the militia service.

Colonel McIntosh is a man of strong vital and moral force. His health has been uniformly good, and a strong, robust body supports him at the advanced age of eighty-eight years. He began life in a period which tried men's souls, but in all his years has never tasted intoxicating liquor or tobacco in any form.

instituted and naturally attracted considerable attention. The meeting for organization was held November 26, 1873, at the residence of James Hastings. The society was instituted by J. W. Workman, deputy master for Morgan county, with twenty members, twelve men and eight women, as follows: James Hastings, M. A. Malster, G. B. Bartlett, G. B. Palmer, D. S. Ward, Jacob Jones, John Tucker, Charles Beebe, Samuel Tucker, Owen Henry, D. B. Shaw, D. P. Leonard, Mrs. James Hastings, Mrs. Emily Ward, Mrs. Sarah Tucker, Mrs. E. A. Shaw, Mrs. Owen Henry, Miss Lucinda Chadwick, Miss Ellen Henry, and Miss P. G. Shaw. The society rented the third story of the blacksmith shop in Waterford for a period of twelve years. The first meeting was held in this hall January r1, 1874. The secretary's report for the year 1876 showed a membership of one hundred. At the close of the year 1880 there were forty paying members, one hundred dollars in the treasury, and fifty dollars stock in the grange store.

We know but little more of the early physicians of Waterford township than their names. Dr. Nathan Mc- Intosh was not in the proper sense a resident physician. He served during the Indian war in the garrison as surgeon's mate, first under the employ of the Ohio company, then of the United States. Dr. Farley was the practicing physician of the colony at that time. Drs. Baker and Pardee lived on the Peninsula in 1812, how much longer is not known.

Dr. Ebenezer Bowen began the practice of medicine at Waterford in 1816. He was a thoroughly educated man, and trained practitioner. He was successful in practice, and his success was founded upon genuine merit. He continued in practice about sixteen years, and then removed to Rochester, New York, where he died.

Dr. George Bowen was for forty years a leading physician, and for thirty years the leading phyiscian in this part of the State. He came to Waterford in 1818 and studied medicine and taught school for a few years. He began practice with his brother, under whom he read, during the sickly seasons of 1822-3. From that time till his health gave way he was in full and active practice. He was a man of agreeable presence, quick perception, and iron constitution.

Dr. James Little met with commendatory success in chis community. He was here from about 1846 to 1857. He then moved away, but afterwards returned, and followed the profession for a number of years. He was also engaged in business enterprises.

Dr. P. Kelley is a native of Morgan county. He came to Waterford in 1846, and entered a course of study under Dr. George Bowen. He attended lectures at Ohio Medical college, at Cincinnati, where he graduated in 1850. For two years from that date he practiced in partnership with Dr. Bowen. He has from the first enjoyed a full and profitable practice.

Dr. Joseph Parker read medicine in Belmont county, Ohio, and graduated at Starling Medical college in 1850. He opened an office in Beverly in 1851, and continues in the practice.

Dr. Kennon practiced in Beverly from 1855 till 1863. He was for a time in partnership with Dr. Thomas Ross, who came from Watertown to Beverly in 1857, and remained till 1862. Dr. Ross represented the county in the legislature, and, after leaving Beverly, enlisted in the army.

Henry S. Clark began the study of dentistry in 1868. The carpenter trade had engaged his attention for eighteen years previous to that time. He was admitted to practice in June, 1871, and has since enjoyed a full practice.

Dr. Clark takes a deep interest in educational affairs, having served six years as member of the school board, and has been a member of the board of directors of Beverly academy since 1872.

At the December session of the court of quarter sessions in 1790, it was ordered that the territory included in the Seventh and Eighth townships of the Eleventh range, and the Fourth and Fifth townships of the Tenth range and the mile square lot, No. 33, in the Fourth

The settlement on the Muskingum had previously been known as "Plainfield." The establishment of Adams, Union, Wooster, and Palmer townships, and Morgan and Noble counties, reduced the original territory to the present limits.

The early township records have been lost. We are therefore unable to give the first township officers. The magistracy at that early day was esteemed an important office, and the best men in the community were chosen to serve in that capacity. The present generation would do well to imitate the example of their forefathers in this respect. Colonel Robert Oliver, whose qualifications would have fitted him to preside over a higher court, served his community in the capacity of justice of the peace until his death. Major Dean Tyler and Judge Cutler gave the office a dignity which, unfortunately, in this latter day has been lost.

The Press

The Beverly Gazette was the first paper published in this township. It was owned and edited by Louis C., and Jonathan Baker. The first issue made its appearance in the spring of 1852. It was at first a sprightly little sheet devoted to local and general news, but in 1853 rushed body and soul into the Know Nothing movement and died with its party. Louis C. Baker is now editor of the Wheeling fegister, and has been clerk of the West Virginia house of representatives.

The College Minor was a weekly paper, which made its appearance in January, 1854. It was edited mainly in the interest of Beverly college but gave the local news of the community. It was edited by the students, and by creating an interest in the art of practical composition was of considerable consequence from an educational point of view. It was published one year.

The Beverly Advertiser was a small monthly started by J. C. Preston, esq., in January, 1862. In the summer of 1865 Mr. Preston sold the paper to W. F., and Howard Atherton, who changed the name to Beverly Times and issued a semi-monthly edition. After about four months its publication was suspended.

W. F. Atherton & Brother began in the winter of 1866 the publication of the Good Templars' Magazine, devoted to temperance news and literature. numbers were issued.

In the spring of 1865 the first number of the Beverly Citizen and Washington County Advertiser made its appearance. It was a seven-column paper of respectable -size but devoid of local interest. William Porter was editor and his sons, P. P., and William, publishers. At the close of the first year business men withdrew their support and the paper perished.

In the spring of 1879, C. E. F. Miller came from Dresden to Beverly, with a view to starting a paper. He was encouraged to go on with the enterprise, and in December of that year the first issue of the Déspatch was placed before the public, with C. E. F. Miller and William C. Walter, as editors. Mr. Walter, the senior edi- tor, sold his interest in the spring of 1880, to C. N. Mc- Cormick, of Bellefontaine. The Dispatch is a five column, eight page weekly, devoted to local interests. The office is equipped for general job work.

From the first settlement the youth of this township have enjoyed the privilege of superior instruction. A school was opened by Major Tyler in the lower story of his block-house. He was assisted during the war and after by Joseph Frye. Both were college-educated men and highly cultured. The impress of their character was left upon the pupils who sat under their instruction. But the community could not always have the services of such men. There came a time when at Waterford, as at other settlements, every new-comer who knew of the elements of arithmetic, wanted ,to teach a school. Captain Hayward says in his diary: 'The country is full of people who want to-make money with their education." It is an unpleasant reflection that the professional school teachers of a pioneer community are, as a rule, an inferior class of people. It was particularly fortunate for Waterford that the first teachers were competent men. Only for a short time after the services of the cultured major had been lost, was the community dependent upon strangers. His pupils became able to take charge of educational affairs, and the township has since had superior educational facilities. Waterford was one of the first townships in the state to organize schools under the act of 1825. The township 'was divided into eight districts at a meeting of the trustees held April 30, 1825, and a school-house was ordered built in each.

The Beverly independent school district is worthy of special attention. It was formerly known as district No. 2, Waterford township. July 25, 1838, the township clerk made the following entry on the journals of the township: "Tn this district the school house is so poor as to be wholly unfit for a school; but during the summer a female teacher was engaged in it, who appeared to understand the business of teaching and governing the children under her care. She had no certificate of examination. Her daybook was correctly kept, with the exception of distinguishing males and females, and setting the ages of children."

The same clerk, Mr. E. Marsh, made the following entry in 1839: 'District No. 2. - Visited the school in this district and found a large number of children collected together in an unfinished school house. The lower floor was loose and consequently the house was. cold and uncomfortable; the day being cold the children were crowded around the stove and many of them were in great disorder. 'Ihe teacher had but little command over them and did not appear to understand the government of a school. I noticed no great improvement in any branch of learning except writing. I believe the teacher was a man of science; his school continued three months, commencing in the winter." The directors were John Dodge, S. B. Robinson, and Samuel Hammontree. During the year two male teachers were employed. The number of pupils enumerated, eighty-three.

From a condensed report by J. Heston we learn that the number of pupils enumerated in 1844 was one hundred and twenty-five, in 1849, one hundred and ninetytwo. In 1849 there was drawn from the treasury for school purposes in this district eighty six dollars and thirty-nine cents.

Teachers were supported prior to the act of 1853, mainly by subscription. The salary was usually small, and they were expected to board around. This practice of a former generation exists yet in some rural districts, although it has entirely passed away in Waterford. The teacher, like the preacher, was looked upon as a necessary charity by many of the hewers of the forest and tillers of the soil. The result was a few families had the teacher to board.

The boundaries of the districts under the subscription system were somewhat arbitrary, so that the central and naturally best schools drew many pupils, to the detriment of the more sparsely populated districts) The pay of ordinary teachers had been one dollar to one dollar and a-half per week.

The act providing for the reorganization, supervision and maintenance of public schools, was passed by the legislature in March, 1853. Beverly school district was instituted under the section of the law relating to villages in 1854. The first directors were Thomas Skillington, Thomas Thomas and James Little. A. S. Clark was clerk; and J. M. Hart, treasurer. " The board this year built a school-house which cost three thousand dollars. The names of the teachers were: John Tarbell, who received one hundred and eighteen dollars; Miss E. Brown, forty-five dollars; John Shivington, eighty-seven dollars; Sarah Thomas, thirty dollars, making a total of three hundred and eighty-three dollars.

During the year 1855 sixty-six volumes were received for a school library. This was the first, and is yet the only public library in the township. Some school apparatus was also received during this year. In 1858 the school is spoken of in the records as Beverly independent school district. Z. G. Bundy was the superintendent, and to him is due the credit of establishing the graded system. He had been connected with the schools six years, and served as principal four years. The schools under his supervision are said to have been well managed. He received forty dollars per month.

In 1865 Mr. Smith was principal, and from 1866 to 1878 Jefferson Heston served in that capacity. To him is due the credit of establishing a course of study.

In the fall of 1878 school opened with the following corps of teachers in charge: T. C. Ryan, superintendent and teacher in high school; H. B. Caldwell, grammar; Miss Mary Devol, secondary; Miss Maria Clymer, primary. The salary of the superintendent was fixed at seventy-five dollars per month.

School opened in January, 1881, with two hundred and five pupils enrolled. The following was the corps of teachers: T. C. Ryan, superintendent; Mina Burrows, assistant in high school; Maria Clymer, grammar; Mary Devol, secondary, and Retta Israel, primary. The first class to complete the course and graduate, consists

Honorable mention should be made of those connected with the school board during the past ten years. Of the directors, Dr. James Little and Dr. William Glines visited the schools most frequently.

Be it said to their credit that their remarks were generally suggestive and encouraging. Dr. John Reynolds was always ready to sustain the teacher. The credit of placing the school in a healthy, financial condition and of making the most improvement in and about the schoolbuilding, such as putting on shutters, repainting, reseating and beautifying the building and grounds, is due to E. B. Teget and Dr. H. S. Clark. They, with J.D. Lashley, have shown a fair degree of liberality to pay teachers liberal wages.

Beverly Academy

Benjamin Dana is properly the founder of this institution of learning. Feeling the need of such a school in the community, he left as a legacy for its support a coal mine in Adams township and two lots (Nos. 32 and 33) in Olive Green allotment. Various persons contributed toward the erection of a building, the largest donors being John Dodge, who gave the land, and Mr. Dana. The building was completed in 1842, and was formally opened on the first of November of that year, under the charge of the Pennsylvania synod of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. A charter was afterwards granted by the State. The institution opened with a full corps of teachers: J. P. Whitten, president; Rev. Charles B. Barclay, professor of rhetoric; Rev. Milton Bird, professor of moral science; J. Laughron, professor ot languages.

The two lots donated by Mr. Dana were sold for two thousand two hundred dollars. This money was -placed on interest as an endowment, and, together with the coal bank is held in trust by a board of directors. For a number of years the buildings have been rented to such individuals as were willing to risk the possibility of financial deficiencies. Under Professor E. S. Cox the institution was quite prosperous. But the too frequent changes in the principalship during the period which followed, until April, 1875, was not conducive to an increase in the number of students, or the promotion of public confidence. The academy has been of considerable benefit by educating teachers and creating among the youth higher aspirations in regard to mental training. Since Mr. Smith came in charge, in April, 1875, a steady policy has been pursued. During the year just ended ninety-eight students have been enrolled.

River Incidents

The history of navigation on the Muskingum river has been fully treated in a general chapter on that subject. But a few facts of local interest belong in this connection. Navigation by keel-boats and pirogues was at best difficult, but the building of dams at Dana's island and other places greatly obstructed traffic. Boatmen often suffered aggravating experiences at Dana's island. Their boats would lodge on the dam, and hard lifting and prying was required to push them over. This dam was often the occasion of shocking profanity.

The explosion of the boilers of the Buckeye Belle created a great sensation. It was one of the fastest packets on the river. On the day of the explosion, in 1852, the cabin was full of passengers, and the distance from Lowell to Beverly was travelled with unusual rapidity. Just as she was entering the guard lock at Beverly aloud explosion aroused the citizens, and a scene of disaster and suffering was before them. Twenty-one men were killed and eight fatally wounded. A strange fact is the entire escape of the occupants of the ladies' cabin. The safe was not found till recently.

The explosion of the L. C. McCormick, in February, 1879, was not disastrous, except to property. It occurred about two miles below Beverly, while the boat was coming up.

The Muskingum, before the erection of dams, was well stocked with choice fish. Angling was a favorite sport of the early settlers, and many are the "fish stories" which live in tradition. 'Time never prunes a fishing or hunting exploit.

Union Fair

At a meeting of citizens of Washington, Morgan, and Noble counties held in Beverly July 6, 1878, an organization was formed known as the Union Fair association. E. S. McIntosh was elected president ; William Buchanan, vice-president and D. C. Staley, secretary. Twenty directors were elected at this meeting.

The use of the lot on the Marietta road, below Beverly was offered to the association by Colonel McIntosh under certain conditions. The association accepted the proposition and began to prepare the grounds for the first annual exhibition. "An adjoining lot was leased, and the grounds are now the finest with regard to situation in the county.

Three very creditable exhibitions have been held, although in a financial point of view they have not been a success. The fair-grounds have annually required the expenditure of considerable money. It is expected that the enterprise will be self-sustaining now since the grounds are improved.

Salt Making

During the period of the early settlement, culinary salt was not only expensive, but scarce and hard to be obtained. The homely tablefare was frequently entirely without that article of seasoning which has become a necessity in civilized life. Means for realizing money were very limited, and the price of seven or eight dollars a bushel placed this staple article beyond the reach of many. It had been rumored that salt springs lay within the bounds of the Ohio Company's purchase, and during the war an exploring party was sent from Marietta up the Muskingum to search for the springs, but the trip was hazardous, and the explorers in their haste did not find them. Some of the Waterford prisoners while in custody of the Indians were taken to these springs, which were located about forty miles from Waterford on a small stream now known as Salt creek, in the territory of Muskingum county. Judge Culter says in his notes: informed me, soon after I settled at Waterford (1795) that he had discovered salt springs, which had furnished salt for the Indians. The Wyandots and Shawnees often visited us for the purpose of trading. One of these had given Mr. Ewing such information, that he succeeded in finding the place.

When the springs were discovered, a public meeting was held, and a salt spring company formed from the settlements at Waterford, Wolf Creek Mills, Olive Green, and Cat's Creek, for the purpose of making salt. They were divided into four classes, bearing the names of these places, who, at stated times, relieved each other in the work. Judge Cutler says:

We took possession of the spring, cleared it out, set the large iron kettles we had for making sugar, into the arches, and began boiling the water for salt. It was a slow, tedious business. By a week of hard work four men could make six hushels. We succeeded so far as to make a full supply for the several settlements represented in the company, and had some to spare. Afterwards, when our conveniences were improved, we could by our best efforts make five bushels per day, and it was a great relief to the whole country.

From an old account book we learn that this company sold salt at two dollars for fifty pounds. The improved conveniences spoken of by Judge Cutler were introduced in 1796, when the capital of the company was increased to fifty shares, at one dollar and a half each. Twenty-four kettles were purchased at Pittsburgh and transported to Duncan's Falls by water, and from there they were carried to the springs on pack-horses. A furnace was erected and a well dug near the edge of the creek, fifteen feet deep, from which the salt water was raised through a casing made of the trunk of a hollow sycamore tree, three feet in diameter. A tent was erected over the furnace, and a cabin for the workmen.

The works were run night and day, the men taking turns as watchers. An ox team and one man was employed to draw wood, an enormous quantity of which was required. Eight hundred gallons of water had to be reduced to produce fifty pounds of salt. The workmen were dependent upon the settlements in Waterford for provisions, which were brought on pack-horses and the salt returned in the same way. One who was employed at the salt works was Thomas Ewing, since United States Senator. The company disbanded in 1799, and the springs fell into other hands.

First Settlers

The military leader of the Waterford settlement was Captain William Gray, many of whose descendants are yet residents of the township. He was born in Lynn, Massachusetts, March 26, 1761. He caught the spirit of the Revolution in very early life and at the age of seventeen gave all his energies to the service of his country. He was one of the first who scaled the walls of Stony Point, and for valiant service was promoted to the rank of lieutenant.

After the close of the war he married Mary Diamond of Salem, Massachusetts, and began business at Danvers. His uncle William Gray, of Boston, treated his nephew with great kindness, giving him much needed financial assistance, even after he came to Ohio.

Captain Gray joined the Ohio company in 1788, and was given charge of one of the wagons that transported the first band of pioneers to Ohio. On this wagon was

William McIntosh was born on his father's farm near the southern limit of Morgan county, November 15, r81o. He was the only son of Enoch and Elizabeth Seely Mc- Intosh, and was associated with his father in business during his whole life. He inherited the characteristic energy of the family, and during boyhood had a thirst for work unequalled only by his power of accomplishment. He assisted his father in the store when his services were needed there, but took advantage of every opportunity to earn money for himself by working for the neighbors on their farms. An incident occurred when he was thirteen years old which is worthy of repetition as showing that unyielding energy which characterized his whole life. In the spring he started to Marietta with four horses to buy goods. Big run was high and had to be crossed on a flat-boat. Night came on and his parents became anxious, and the colonel started to meet him. At eleven o'clock they met. The boy had just crossed Big run and was coming bravely on, regardless of the lateness of the hour and the dangers of the road.

William McIntosh began business in Beverly in 1837, and was closely identified with its interest until failing health compelled him to retire. He built the first woollen factory in the town, and was engaged in the bank in the capacity of cashier and president. His business interests were so intimately associated with those of his father that to enumerate would be only repetition. In all his affairs he was progressive. No real improvement escaped his attention. Generosity was another characteristic. An appeal for money in a worthy cause was never made in vain or had to be repeated. 'He was at all times the same straightforward, honest, liberal business man,

His ability was versatile. He succeeded alike as mechanic and tradesman. When a boy he made a left-hand grain cradle with which he earned one dollar and a quartera day. In mature life he was master of a steamboat in the Zanesville and Pittsburgh trade, and was also engaged in the southern produce market. He succeeded in all his undertakings whether as a farmer, manufacturer, steamboatman, merchant or banker.

He married, April 13, 1841, Eliza M. Fearing, daughter of Randolph Fearing, of Beverly. She was born March 23, 1823. Their family consisted of three children, viz.: Shepard R., born January 10, 1842, died September 6, 1872; Florence Elizabeth, born October 4, 1849, died in infancy; and Jessie Fearing, born August 14, 1856, was married to Dr. Charles M. Humiston, of Kentucky, May 3¢, 1876. They have one child - Shepard McIntosh Humiston, born Jun 28, 1879.

written in large letters "For Ohio." He joined the second association in the spring of 1789, and at the opening of the Indian war was chosen commander of the garrison. When peace had been established he purchased a farm near the mouth of Wolf creek, and lived fhere until his death in 1812. His family consisted of ten children, four boys and six girls. The four boys were: William, who lived' on the Peninsula; Austin, settled in Massachusetts; Chauncy, in Brown county, and Hanford in Beverly, where he engaged in tanning. Betsy, the eldest of the girls, married Stephen Devol, 2d (an account of her death is given in the sketch of 'Federal Bottom ;") Polly was married to William Fisher; Debra, to Jesse Loring, of Belpre; Rebecca, to Rotheus Hayward; and Clarissa, to Josiah Hart, a tanner in Waterford.

In a small community versatility is one of the most useful traits of character. Complete division of labor is impossible, and the man who can turn his hand to whatever the eye sees to do, is held in the highest esteem. The man in the early settlement of Waterford more than any other blessed with this kind of genius was Major Dean Tyler. He possessed a brilliant mind, liberal college education, an agreeable person and refined manners. He was brave and active in time of danger, cool and thoughtful in time of peace. Judge Cutler in his diary tersely sums up the regard in which he was held. He says: "When I came here (in 1795) I found Major Dean Tyler, a graduate of Harvard college, a scholar and a gentleman." He was a native of Haverhill, Massachusetts. In early life he formed an attachment to a young lady, which cast a dark shadow over his whole life. The path of these lovers was full of rough places, and young Tyler sought to free himself of haunting dreams by going to Europe. On his journey he had many perilous experiences and narrow escapes. Jealousy subsided, and he determined to return to the woman of his choice. But it was too late. Her death had taken place in the meantime, and he was conscious of being the cause. The shock threw him into a delirium, and he narrowly escaped death. After a slow and tedious recovery he left the scenes of his boyhood and joined the colony at the mouth of the Muskingum. In April, 1789, he drew a donation lot and came to Waterford. The block-house on the west side of the river, opposite the site of the present town of Beverly, was named in his honor and used by him asa residence until his death. Here he instructed the youth and held services on Sunday. He never married, but sought to drown his melancholy in books, and in his later life in the inebriating bowl.

The Dodge family is conspicuous in the history of the Waterford settlement. The family is descended from Lord John Dodge, of Rotham, Kent county, England, to whose ancestors were granted estates in Chestine county, by Anne for service done in the reign of Edward First, and for valiant conduct at the sieges of Berwick and Dunbar. The grandson of Lord John Dodge was Captain John Dodge, who came to Ohio in 1788, and the following year, in partnership with Colonel Robert

Oliver and Major Haffield White, buitt the first mill in Ohio, near the forks of Wolf creek. He entered six lots in the "donation tract." Part of his land was in the present territory of Watertown township, where he lived. Captain Dodge brought with him from Beverly, Massachusetts, his wife, who was Susanna Morgan, a relative of General Daniel Morgan, and a woman of much strength and beauty of character. Their children were John and William M., born in Massachusetts ; Susannah, Sidney, Ethel, Solomon, Mary, and Andrew, born in this county. Captain Dodge died October 8, 1805.

John Dodge, the eldest son, inherited that part of the estate which his father had received from Judge Cutler in exchange for a tract of six hundred acres on Federal creek, in Athens county. The lot originally embraced sixty-eight acres. The first business house in the township was on this lot, and it seemed to possess peculiar advantages as a village site. Mr. Dodge laid out his land in town lots, setting apart lots for churches and other purposes. He named the town Beverly in honor of his native home in Massachusetts. He assisted to found a college for general educational purposes, and used his influence and capital for the encouragement of business enterprise. He married, in 1806, Mary B. Stone. Their children were: Israel S., who was for forty years a prominent physician in Cincinnati; Christopher, William M., Mary M., Sidney, Elvina, and John. Mary Stone Dodge, his wife, died in 1822. He married for his second wife Nancy N. Patterson, of Virginia, by whom there were two children - Patterson Oliphant Dodge and Colina N., wife of S. B. Robinson, esq. Mr. Dodge died January.11, 1854. His wife had preceded him twelye years.

During the Indian war the most active and brave of the young men were deputized to act as rangers. It was their duty to make daily circuits of four or five miles and report the condition of affairs at the garrison. One who served in this dangerous office and remained to clear and cultivate the land he had helped to defend, was Andrew McClure. He was born in Maine in 1771. In his eighteenth year the settlement of the Northwestern Territory attracted his attention, and possessing a brave heart, he resolved to link his fortunes with the pioneers of the border. Not being a member of the Ohio company he drew a lot in the donation tract, and in April, 1789, joined the second association and came to Waterford with the nineteen first settlers. He was regarded a valuable man in the settlement, and during the Indian troubles his skill and courage became celebrated. In 1794he married Polly Devol, and the following year built a cabin and began cultivating the farm just above the mouth of Wolf creek. His family consisted of nine children, one of whom was Henry McClure, mentioned under the head of Dunham township. In 1806, McClure having met with financial misfortune, removed to Federal Bottom, where he took charge of the saw-mill. He died in Lancaster, Ohio, in 1830. His wife survived him twenty-five years.

settlers, - the Devol* family. Their paternal ancestor was a Frenchman, who settled in Tiverton, Rhode Island, and engaged in the West India trade. His wife was a Quaker of the mild, peace-loving school. The family consisted of seven sons, three of whom became residents of this county, and the sons of the fourth also joined the pioneer band. Two of the brothers and one of the nephews were settlers of Waterford township.

Gilbert Devol was born in Tiverton, Rhode Island, in 1736. In 1788 he emigrated with his wife and family to Ohio, and stopped in Marietta until April, 1785, when he joined the second association and came to Waterford with the first nineteen. At the opening of the Indian war, he lived in the block-house on the Waterford side of the river, but afterwards removed his family to the garrison. At the close of the war, he settled on the bottom below Beverly, where he died in 1821. He wasa man of more than ordinary prominence in the early community. He had served as judge in Rhode Island, and was always known by that title here. He had a large family. Gideon owned a donation lot on the plain adjoining the present site of the Beverly fair grounds. He had improved fourteen acres on his farm when he met an untimely death. He went out hunting on a cold day and was found at the trunk of a tree frozen to death. He was buried on his own farm, in a small lot which has since become a family burying-ground. An incident is told in this connection of the fidelity of a favorite dog. He was found guarding the body of his master, and was unwilling to permit anyone to touch it. When the bady was removed the animal seemed grief-stricken, refused food, and finally starved to death.

Wanton, second son of Judge Devol, was one of the forty-eight who first arrived at Marietta. He married Sally Lake, of Rhode Island before emigrating, and by her had a large family. He came to Waterford in the spring of 1789, but it appears, from family records, did not move his family here at that time. He died in 1812, at the age of fifty years. His sons were Alpha, who was born in the Campus Martius, in 1789. He was soon after brought with his mother to Waterford, where the family lived till the close of the war. He married Nancy Champlain, of Connecticut, and settled, first, on Federal Bottom and then on the opposite side of the river, where he died in 1871.

Phillip, second son of Wanton Devol, was born in the garrison in 1791. He married Hannah Hatch, of Connecticut, and settled near the mouth of Tuttles run. He died in 1852.

The daughters of Wanton Devol, were Ruth, died in 1873, aged seven years; Nancy, wife of William Brown, died in Kansas in 1878; Hannah, wife of Charles Story, of Round Bottom, this township; Sally, born 1805, lives on the homestead.

Jonathan, third son of Gilbert Devol, came with his parents from Rhode Island, and was in the garrison at Waterford during the Indian war. He married Clara Sherman, and after the close of hostilities, improved his farm on Wolf creek, where he built a mill. His family consisted of three daughters and two sons, viz: Lecta, wife of John Burris; Betsy, wife of Elmer Drury, of the "Tick Ridge" settlement; and Cyntha; Gideon moved out of the county, and Wanton was drowned in the Muskingum while engaged in keel boating.

The daughters of Judge Devol were, Sally Hinkley, of Athens county; Betsy Cushing, of Round Bottom settlement; Basha White, of Athens county, and Polly, wife of Andrew McClure.

Stephen Devol, sr., emigrated to Ohio after peace with the Indians. He had learned the ship-building trade in Rhode Island, and was the builder of the first ocean ship - brig St. Clair, which entered the gulf from the Mississippi. This vessel isspoken of at some length in another chapter. In1802 Mr. Devol removed his family to Waterford, and the following year, October 23, 1803, died. His wife, Rosannah Cook, was born April 14, 1751 (O. S). She died November 10, 1835. Their family consisted of ten children. Presberry was born in 1770. He settled in Morgan county, where he died at the age of ninety-two years. Joseph was born in 1772; he settled in Morgan county, and lived to be more than ninety years old. Philip was born in 1774, and was lost at sea. Wing was born in 1775; he settled, and died in Muskingum township. 'These four had all been sailors before coming to Ohio, and after the settlement of the family here made ocean voyages. In older years they entertained their friends with stories of seafaring life. Philip was at one time in the bottom of a wrecked vessel three days, living on cracker diet, and, water caught by spreading clothes in the rain. Sarah, the fifth child, died in early life. Cook, the fifth son, was very young when he came to Ohio, having preceded the other members of the family. From tradition we learn that he did good service as a scout during the Indian war. After the establishment of peace he married Hannah Convers, and settled in "Quigley Hollow." He is buried in Waterford cemetery, where a stone bearing the following, marks his grave:

In memory of Cook DEVOL, Who died August 9, 1831, in the fifty-fifth year of his age. He emigrated from Rhode Island at the early period of 1791, and suffered

Alfaxid; the sixth of the sons of Stephen Devol, was killed by his team running away. Charlotte died at New Albany, Indiana. Stephen, jr., was born at Tiverton in 1786, and died at Waterford in 1875. Rosannah, the youngest daughter, was born in 1792. She was married to Benjamin F, Stone, of Rainbow.

Theodore, oldest son of Stephen Devol, jr., was born in 1820. In 1842 he married Jane F. Clark, who was born in 1825, at Waterford. He settled in Muskingum township, where he now owns a fine farm. His family consists of five children, viz: Frances H. (Barker), Muskingum township; Stephen C., Noble county; Augusta J., Milton H. and Louis A., Muskingum township. Stephen C. was in the Thirty-sixth regiment during the war.

Three brothers, Allen, Isaac and Daniel Devol, came to the county in its first settlement. They were nephews of Gilbert, sr., Stephen, sr., and Captain Jonathan, sr., and grandsons of the original settler at Tiverton, Rhode Island. Allen came with the first company to Marietta in the spring of 1788. In the winter of the following year he drew a donation lot, and joined the second association in April, 1789. He lived at the garrison until the close of Indian hostilities, and then began improving his land on Round bottom, just below the cemetery. Previous to his coming to Waterford, he was married to Ruth Jennings, by whom he had seven children: Simeon, settled opposite Coal run; Lucinda, wife of Wayne; Sprague lived on Big run, Adams township; Daniel on the plain below Beverly; Bennett in Zanesville; Betsey (Mason), opposite Lowell; Allen, jr., in Round bottom; Charlotte, opposite Lowell.

Simeon M., son of Allen Devol, was born January 14, 1800. He was married January 10, 1822, to Rubia Sprague, who was born in Waterford township January 16, 1795. The fruit of this union was ten children, five of whom are still living - Emeline M., Ruth B., William A., Betsy, and Adelia. Mrs. Devol died November 24, 1864. William A., the seventh child, was born in Adams township, February 23, 1824. September 25, 7859, he married Catharine, daughter of Peter Angle, of Watertown township, who was born June 3, 1840. Their family consists of three children - Eva E., Roscoe G., and Howell S. Eva E. is married to Russell A. Humiston, of Adams township.

Captain Daniel Davis, one of the Waterford associates, came to Marietta from Killingly, Connecticut. His family were William, afterwards captain of militia and magistrate; Jesse, afterwards colonel of militia and magistrate; Asa, Daniel, jr., and Hezekiah; Betsy married first to Mr. Perrin, and then to Mr. Wilson; and another daughter who married Colonel James Mann. They were all very respectable people and acquired property.

Benjamin Convers, esq., emigrated with his family from Killingly to Marietta, and thence to Waterford the following spring. He died of small-pox at Waterford the first year of the settlement. His family were James, who died about 1804; Daniel was taken prisoner by the Indians and afterwards became a successful merchant at Zanesville ; Wright settled at Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Simon and Grosvenor, both respectable and prosperous men; one of the daughters married Jasper Stone, esq.; another Benjamin Beadle.

George Wilson, David Wilson, and William Wilson, came from Killingly, Connecticut, to Marietta in 1788. They joined the second association in the spring of 1789, and were valuable members of the colony during the Indian war. William was drowned in 1797. Jeremiah Wilson, at Coal Run, is a descendant of this Wilson family.

Later Settlers

Robert Leget, son of John Leget, was born in Pennsylvania in 1795. He lived in Waterford from 1799 until his death in 1876. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, and justice of the peace for twenty-five years. The office of magistrate was once no trifling honor. Judge Cutler and Colonel Robert Oliver had served in that capacity and given the office a dignity which was not lost until later years. Robert Leget married Susanna Featherston, who was born in 1798 and died in 1872. Their daughter Jane was born in 1817 at Beverly. She was married in 1853 to Augustus Cram, who was born in 1813.

Jesse Brown was born in Connecticut in 1776. He immigrated to Ohio in 1800, and settled in Waterford township. His wife, Relief Story, was born in 178r. Both died in Morgan county in 1816. Mrs. Harriet Culver, of Waterford; S. S. Brown, of Waterford, and Parley Brown, of Iowa, are the only children.

S. S. Brown was born in 1807. In 1835 he married Harriet Lagrange, who was born in New York in 1811. They have seven children living, one of whom was in the army from 1862 to 1865. Mr. Brown served as school director for fifteen years.

John Bacon, whose settlement is mentioned in the history of Watertown township, was born in England in 1764. He first emigrated to New York, and then to Ohio soon after the Indian war. His death occurred in Waterford township in 1854. Sarah Comer, his wife, was born in 1774, and died in 1848. Their children were: William, born 1795, died 1880; Sarah, born 1797; John, born 1798, died 1861; Martha, born 1800; Mary 'Taylor, lives in Noble county; Martin, born 1803; Ellen, born 1805, deceased; Isaac, born 1807, died 1878; Martha, lives in Marietta; Maria, lives in Iowa; Eliza, born 1815, died 1830; Melissa Beach, lives in Waterford township; Bentrand, lives in Iowa, and Martin, who was born in 1804. In 1829 Martin married Mary M. Hurlbut, who died in 1866. In 1868 he married Sarah Mason, who was born in Adams township in 1830. Mr. Bacon is father of five children, viz.: Rachel J. Lawrence, of Waterford township; Mary E. Hill, of Watertown; Betsy Baldwin, of this township; Andrew J. and John E. He has buried thtee children - Emily, Merandah and Sarah. Mr. Bacon is one of the wealthiest farmers in the township, owning nine hundred and ninety-five acres of land.

Captain Rotheus Hayward was a lineal descendent of Thomas Hayward, who emigrated from England in 1635 and was one of the founders of Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Rotheus, the oldest son of Joseph Hayward, of Eaton, Massachusetts, came to Marietta in 1805. He there became acquainted with Panthia Nye, whom he

Wolf creek, where he spent the active years of his life. This farm, consisting of one hundred and five acres, was sold at sheriff's sale to General Tupper for six hundred and fourteen dollars. It was purchased the same day by Captain Hayward for six hundred and forty-five dollars. Under date of January 29, 1807, the following quaint entry is made in the captain's diary:

I spent this day in town; took breakfast at Colonel Nye's, dinner at General Tupper's, and supper at Colonel Nye's. This night I was married for which I paid three dollars and a half.

Mrs. Panthia Hayward died January 24 1821, in her thirty-third year. Her family consisted of seven children of whom but two survive - Joseph, of this township, and Rotheus, of Marietta. In 1822 Captain Hayward married Rebecca Gray, daughter of William Gray. She was born in Fort Fry October 4, 1791. The children by this marriage are: Charlotte Gray, born December 25, 1822; Daniel W., born November 15, 1827, residing in Oregon; Columbus F., born April 13, 1831; Cyrus B., born January 21, 1837.

Joseph Hayward was born in 1808. In 1833 he married Mary Ann Hart, who was born in Watertown in 1813. Five children survive: Charles A., living at Lima, Ohio; Mary S. (Leonard), Josephine A., Arthur W., and Emma A. Oliphant, living at Salem, Oregon.

Laban Vincent was born in Rhode Island in 1750. He emigrated to Ohio in 1806 and settled in Marietta. By his wife, Anna Waterman, he had eleven children. John Vincent, their son, was born in Providence, Rhode Island. He came to Ohio with his parents and settled in Union township, now Muskingum. In 1808 he moved to Waterford township, where he died in 1852. He was one of the first settlers on the east side of the river in the upper part of the township. He married Rachel, daughter of Asa Olney, who was one of the earliest settlers of the township. They had ten children, two of whom live in this township - Clarinda Beckett and John Vincent, jr. The latter was born in this township in 1818. In 1839 he married Mary A. Bacon, who was born in 1820. He served as supervisor fourteen years. He has had seven children, four of whom are living, viz: Mary A., at home John B., in Dakota; Eli B., in Dakota; and Prussia, at home. Prudence, Eliza J., and Thirza died young.

William Henry Cooley was born in New York in 1790. He came to Ohio in 1810 and settled in Marietta. In 1812 he married Mary Vincent, who was born in Rhode Island in 1793. They had four children, two of whom survive - Mrs. Caroline Wood, of Watertown township, and George V. Cooley, who was born in 1820. In 1850 he married Laura E. Sherman, who was born in Waterford township in 1830. They had eight children, viz: Charlotte, Amos E., Emeline C. (Jackson), Sibyl D. (Vincent), Mary M. (West), George W., Martha J., deceased, and Laura R. George W. Vincent served as school director twelve years.

Frederick Chapman, son of Parley and Mary Ogle Chapman, was born in 1811. In 1840 he married Rebecca Chapman, who was born in 1817. They have one child, Frances M.

Rey. Jacob Young, the noted Methodist itinerant, says in his autobiography: 'There lived in Waterford at this time (1828) a very conspicuous family by the name of Bowen - men of great energy and decision of character - two of them were physicians, the other two business men. They had an amiable sister, who was the ornament and bond of the family. We brought them all to the threshold of the church, but could not bring them in. When money was called for to support preachers, to send missionaries to foreign lands, to circulate Bibles, or to build churches, they were always ready to give liberally, and there they remain to the present day." A brief personal sketch of a family so intimately connected with the affairs of this part of the county, with the business and life of the community, for sixty years, demands a place in a work of this character.

Consider Bowen, the father of the Ohio members of the Bowen family, was born in Rhode Island in 1756, of Welsh parentage. He was married to Sabra Hosmer, by whom he had nine children, five of whom belong to Washington county, viz: Ebenezer, born 1789; James, born 1794; George, born 1796; Charles, born 1798; and Rebecca, wife of James Whitney, of Harmar, born 1787.

James and Ebenezer came to Waterford in 1816. James had served an apprenticeship in one of the manufacturing establishments on the Connecticut river and understood the art of carding and fulling. Ebenezer had studied medicine, and after settling at Waterford began the practice of his profession. His professional life is mentioned under the proper head. He died in Rochester, New York, May 22, 1865.

James Bowen, for the first several years of his residence at Waterford, engaged in the carding and fulling business, on the peninsula and at the mills on the Muskingum. He afterwards engaged in merchandising at Waterford. In 1818 he married Betsy Cushing, who was born at Waterford in 1796; she died June 28, 1820, leaving one child - Charles L. In 1834 he married Catharine Wheeler, by whom he had two children: Hosmer W. and Julia R. Charles L. was born January 14, 1819. On April 18, 1842, he married Mary W. Deming, daughter of David Deming, of Watertown township; she was born August 18, 1818. They had three children, one of whom is dead: Arthur C., born January 15, 1847, died December 6, 1849; Ella A., born April 7,

William

William H. Powers was born within gunshot of his present residence; and with the exception of u few visits he has never been off the farm above two weeks at a time. In him was strongly developed that earth-hunger which is one of the best characteristics of the Anglo- Saxon race - not only the laudable ambition to add field to field, which is common to the American pioneer, but also that better ambition, so seldom seen in this class, to preserve the rich patrimony of the soil intact. To him the soil was ever sacred, and not only was it his constant study to conserve its virgin fertility, but he wished to retain its original physical outlines and with careful, tireless industry he sought to heal the wounds and rents with which the elements, assisted by the necessary operations of agriculture, are always prone to gash the earth. What wastefully and infamously strips the ground of its natural covering of forest, and then allows the rains with slow, cruel, trickling persistence to scar it with villainous gullies, washing down into the rivers, which bear onward to the ocean, the priceless silt that should have been retained upon the hilltops.

Hon. W. I. Chamberlain, in an address to the farmers of Ohio, said: 'We should know enough of geology to appreciate the countless years it has cost to clothe our globe with its present fertility and verdure." Then, speaking of the man who burned the great temple of Diana in Ephesus, he added: 'Of almost equal infamy shall not we deem him worthy who, in a few short years of wretched, spendthrift farming, exhausts all of the available fertility stored in his farm by nature through all the patient lapse of centuries?" Such, though unspoken, was the one great life-thought of William Powers. Com- ing to manhood at a time when the settlers were unavoidably plunged in the deepest poverty, and without the guidance or assistance of a father, he made his own little share of the inheritance purchase seven others in succession. A deep and abiding fear of God, an inexorable sense of duty, rigid economy, an iron constitution, an industry which absolutely knew no rest throughout the year, save the rest of sleep and of the Sabbath - these were the secrets of his success.

Too confiding in the honesty of others, and too busy in earning money to concern himself greatly about the fate of it after it was earned, he made many mistakes in business. But all his mistakes he at once set himself uncomplainingly and with a bovine patience to correct. All the eddies in his life-current he turned into the steadily widening channels of success.

After reaching manhood he was never known, even under the bitterest provocation, to speak an angry word to a human being. Strictly just and impartial to his children, he regarded them with an affection which was sincere but so entirely undemonstrative that they knew nothing of its depth until they grew up and the hour of parting arrived. The most harmless and innocent of men, he is regarded by the gay and frivolous with a sentiment approaching to awe. He has the proverbial taciturnity of the farmer.

Shunning a lawsuit as he would poison, a very pillar in the councils and finances of the church (Presbyterian), minding his own business, wronging no soul - a plain, self-contained, simple man - he has borne well his part amid that remarkable race of pioneers, now almost passed away, and of which this region will behold the like no more.

Stephen Powers

Stephen Powers, farmer, was born in Waterford, July 21, 1840. He obtained his early education in the district school, and when sufficiently able-bodied to plow corn, committed to memory while doing so, two books of Paradise Lost, the book lying in the fence corner for reference every alternate row. He graduated from Michigan university in 1863, and was selected by the faculty from a class of forty to be offered the assistant professorship of Latin, but an older graduate applied for and secured the position. He then went to Cincinnati and engaged in the service of the Commercial as army correspondent. In this occupation he wrote letters from West Virginia and East Tennessee, followed Sherman to Atlanta, witnessed and described the battles of Kennesaw and Atlanta, and later the battle of Nashville; reported the funeral of President Lincoln, and subsequently the first reconstruction conventions of Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Texas. He went to Washington and was summoned to testify before the reconstruction committee on Florida and Texas. Went to Europe and remained fifteen months, writing for the Vew York Times and Nation, and while thus engaged made pedestrian tours along the Rhine and in Switzerland and in Italy, and at Nuremburgh, in Saxony, was arrested as an Austrian spy, but soon released after a searching examination. In January, 1868, he started from Raleigh, North Carolina, to Savannah, thence from the Atlantic to the Pacific, arriving at San Buenaventura, and going from there to San Francisco, in all a foot journey of three thousand seven hundred miles, and occupying ten months in its performance. He then published at Hartford, Connecticut, a book entitled Afoot and Aloue, A Walk from Sea to Sea, a graphic, but in his own estimation, a valueless

Afterwards he roved about California and Oregon nearly seven years; herded sheep part of the time, part of the time wrote articles for Atlantic, Overland, and other magazines. He bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in the Sierra Nevada, on which he herded goats and studied Indians two years. They tattooed him, and their old men called him "Oan-koi-tu-peh," prophet or deliver. Getting tired of this kind of life he sold out, with '"miner's luck," a little too soon as a valuable quartz vein was soon after, by the purchaser, discovered on his ranch.

Returning to New York in 1874 he visited the old farm, and in August, 1875, was, by the Secretary of the Interior, appointed special commissioner to make a collection of Indian art specimens and curiosities in California and western Nevada for the Centennial - a work that occupied five months.

During his residence in California, engaged as mentioned on his farm there, he had prepared an elaborate and original account of the habits, customs, legends, geographical boundaries, religious ideas, etc., of the California Indians, of which the principal portion was published generally in the Overland Monthly, running through the greater part of two years. In its completed form the Government published this work in 1878 at an expense of six thousand five hundred dollars, as a part of the reports of the United States geological and geographical survey of the Rocky Mountain region, under the supervision of J. W. Powell, the explorer. It constitutes volume third of "Contributions to American Ethnology," a work that is intended to embrace about ten volumes from the pens of a number of writers. The third volume is a book of six hundred and thirty-five pages, and includes forty or fifty vocabularies of different Indian tribes. It was distributed gratutiously among the prominent libraries and scientific men of both continents, and its author has been elected a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a corresponding member of the California Academy of Sciences.

For several years he has been married and settled down quietly on the old farm. From this sketch of him, rapidly drawn, comes the moral that all biography to profit anything, should teach. We have written Stephen Powers a farmer, and to-day he is. He has been also that which taught him the valuable lesson he improved by returning to his farm after exhausting years of wild adventure of all that could be obtained from them. Like many others, in his early manhood he mistook a keen appreciation of profitable literature for ability to produce it, and succeeded in all but the profit. Heir to a noble farm, he sought literary fame, and was made to feel his infinitely small importance, while dancing attendance at a publisher's ante-room, with a roll of poor sophomorical manuscript under his arm, and deference to insolence of position in his manners; and this continued for weeks before the folly of his literary conceit was pestled out of him. With subsequent ability to earn thirty-five dollars a day, he has been in a position where a scrap of mal-oderous meat begged from an Indian and toasted on a greasewood twig, has given him keen gustatory pleasure.

To-day, under the growing sense of ownership, looking over broad acres of tasselled and silken eared corn, and through granaries filled with old wheat, hay and wool, he looks back on those prodigal, vagabondizing days, sometimes with unspoken contempt, and sometimes with infinite commiseration. The profits of newspaper literature are the keen zest of the journalist in his work, and little else even for him An impecunious old age, if not the poor-house as our subject tells us, stared him in the face, and he had the common sense to see his mistake, and the courage to correct it and take hold of the farm in his younger manhood, where, if he has found little glory, there is much safety. His adventurous life offers a sage lesson, but a lesson, nevertheless, that few possessing his youthful promptings and courage, will profit by.

Charles Bowen came to Waterford in 1817, and was for a time associated with his brother James in the wool manufacture He, however, made his reputation and his taught school and pursued his medical studies for a short time after his arrival, and then engaged in the practice of the profession, which he honored until a few years before his death, which occurred May 24, 1874. Dr. Bowen was married to Mary Wheeler, of Connecticut, in 1837, by whom he had five children, viz: Charles W., at Centerville, Iowa; Harriet E., wife of General H. F. Devol; Henry C., deceased; Mary J. Case, of Kansas City; and Edgar G., of Zanesville. Dr. Bowen was as successful in business affairs as in his profession. He was clear headed and far sighted.

Philander and Anna Andress Andrews emigrated from New York and settled in Morgan county, near Beverly, in 1810. They had a family of ten children. Their daughter Amy, who was born in 1811, was married in 1832 to Charles Swift, jr. He was born in this county in 1807. They had six children, of whom Samuel is the fifth. He was born in 1848, in Waterford township. In 1875 he married Alice J. Bartlett, 'who was born in this township in 1857. They had one child, Charles Swift, jr, who died in 1873.

Seneca Clark emigrated from New York and settled in Waterford township in 1818, near the mouth of Olive Green creek. He married, in this township, Catharine Stull, daughter of Peres Stull, who was a native of New Jersey and settled in Waterford township in 1806. The Clark family consisted of four children, three of whom are living - Augustine S., Jane, wife of Theodore Devol, and Henry S. Augustine S. married Catharine Ross, and is a practicing physician in Beverly; Henry married Martha Cooksey and is practicing dentistry in Beverly.

Adelphia Webster and wife emigrated from New England and settled in Morgan county, Ohio, about 1814. They had a family of five children - Sibyl married Lyman Swift in 1839. He was born in 1815 and died in 1864, leaving five children, viz: Rosamond (Danley), Mary (Owens), Lucinda (Vincent), Adaline (Murray), and Louisa. Francis died at the age of three years.

Samuel Beach was a son of John Beach of New Jersey, who served at the opening of the Revolution asa minute-man, and served at Valley Forge. Samuel Beach purchased a lot near the mouth of Olive Green in 1797, but probably lived at Putnam (Zanesville) some time after that. In 1814 he purchased the old Beach homestead at Coal Run, where he lived until his death in 1855. He operated a mill and distillery, and was a prominent man in the community. He purchased his farm of Joseph Forest, whose history belongs to the record of crime. By profession he was a counterfeiter, and the discovery of his crime made it necessary for him to leave the country. Mr. Beach met him at Lancaster, and there purchased the property at a very low figure.

Mr. Beach, at the age of seventeen, married Amy Sherman, who was in her fifteenth year. She was a daughter of Abel Sherman, who was killed during the Indian war. She possessed an accurate memory and a keen appreciation of the romance of life. Her death occurred August 3, 1875. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Beach consists of five children, viz: Hiram and Joseph, Waterford township; Mrs. Jane Newton, Noble county; Mrs. Eliza Sprague, Missouri; and Jackson, Coal Run.

Joseph Beach was born in 1814. His wife, Elizabeth Finney, was born in 1818. Their family consists of four children - Lucy L. Stephens, of Zanesville; Charlotte B. Hilton, Dexter, Iowa; John S., Zanesville; and Amy, at home. John, during the war, was in the regular army.

Mrs. Mary Ross, one of the family of eleven children of John and Margaret Patterson, was bornin Pennsylvania in 1809. In 1831 she married William Ross, who was born in Waterford township in 1809. Richard, their only child, was born in 1838. In 1871 he married Viola F. Rardin, who was born in 1852. They have three children - Jessie B., Mary M., and Carl W. William Ross came from McConnelsville in 1857 and located where his son Richard now lives.

Joseph Nickerson was born in Massachusetts in 1816. He emigrated to Ohio with his parents, who settled on Duck creek in 1818. In 1836 he married Mary Taylor, who was born in 1813, and died in 1852. They had a family of six children, viz: Anna (Clogston), who resides in Iowa; Eliza (Murray), who died in Iowa in 1880; Amanda (Wilson), who resides in Morgan county; Cyrus and Hugh, who are both dead; Allen, who was born in Noble county in 1840, and in 1861 married Dorinda C. Swift, who was born in Waterford township in 1840. In 1853 Joseph Nickerson married Cynthia A. Beach, who was born in Guernsey county in 1827. He had by his second wife two children - Harry W. and Charles S. Allen Nickerson had a shoe shop at Luke Chute from 1861 to 1873 excepting the three years he was absent in the army. He has also been engaged in merchandizing at Luke Chute since 1866.

Perez Stull was born in New Jersey in 1767. He emigrated from New York to Belpre township in 1806, and died in Waterford township in 1826. He engaged in distilling in Waterford township for a number of years. Frances Wickham, his wife, was born in 1778, in New York, and died in 1859. The surviving members of their family are Mrs. Catharine Clark, of Beverly; Frances Roberts, of Waterford township; Henry Stull, of California; Electa A. Fouts, of Washington territory; and Mrs. Anna Davis, who was born in 1798 in New York. In 1816 she was married to Marvil Davis, who was born in Belpre township in 1794, and died in Waterford township in 1855. They had'seven children, five of whom are still living, viz: Hester A. lives in Waterford township, Juliet in Nebraska, Mindwell (Mason) in Zanesville, Marvil W. on the hometead, Electa A. (Keyhoe) in Waterford township. Patience is dead.

was born in Belmont county in 1842. They have nine children - Ralph H., Dema P., Stella B., Trevelyn E., Mabelle, Beryl, Dan, Ada M., and Cecil. Mr. Davis makes fruit culture a specialty.

Cyrus Morey, son of Nathaniel and Elizabeth Morey, who settled in Barlow township in 1808, was born in Waterford township in 1810. He was the fourth and youngest child. Benson, the oldest, resides in Delaware county; Julia died in 1872 and Maria in 1874. Cyrus Morey was married in 1829 to Rebecca Hagerman. Their family corsisted of ten children, seven of whom are living: Arilie (Abbey) resides in Wisconsin, Rebecca (Coffman) and Seneca C. in Waterford township, Maria (Boggs) in Wisconsin, Mary (Dolan) in Morgan county, Retta Padgett in Waterford township, and C. L. at home. Betsy, Harris, and Nathaniel are dead. Mr. Morey followed keel and steamboating from 1823 to 1834.

John Jackson was born in Maryland in 1802. Heengaged during the greater part of his life in dealing in horses. He was married in 1827 to Nancy Craig, who was born in 1805, and died at Beverly in 1850. He died at the same place in 1856. The surviving members of his family are Alexander, who resides at Beverly; Temperance W. (Morrison), in Iowa; James C., in Rock Isiand, Illinois; Charlotte O. (Henderson), in Iowa; and B. F., who was born in Beverly in 1840, and in 1863 married Sarah E. Wood, who was born in Virginia in 1840. They have two children - Hairy and Carrie. By trade Mr. Jackson is a painter. A. J. Morrison, husband of Temperance W. Jackson, was a member of the Odd Fellows lodge at Beverly, and has, since removing to Iowa, served as grand master of the order in that State.

Daniel Roberts was born in Pennsylvania in 1792. In 1817 he married Hannah Bedagrew, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1800, They had twelve children, six of whom - Alexander, Daniel, John, James, Richard and Nancy C. (Davis) - reside in Missouri. Williain resides in Illinois. Margaret (Keath), Jeremiah and Isaiah are dead. Amos was born in Perry county in 1818. In 1838 he married Charlotte Taylor, who was born in 1818. She died in 1843, leaving two children - Margaret (Beckett), who lives in Oregon, and Elisha, who was killed at New Madrid in 1862, while in his country's service. Palmer, the first child, died in infancy. Mr. Roberts married, in 1844, Mrs. Frances White, widow of Harris White, by whom he had three children. Henry S., the oldest, lives on the homestead. He is married to Rosanna A. Webster, and has a family of three children. Harris White, first husband of Mrs. Amos Roberts, was born in 1808 and died in 1842. only one of whom is living. Hiram W. resides in Washington Territory.

William Beckett was born in Jefferson county in 1807. In 1829 he married Anna Watson. She died in 1835, leaving three children - Mary A. (Alton), who lives in Virginia, John P., in Waterford township, and Erasmus W., at McConnelsville. William Beckett was married the second time in 1838, to Clarissa Vincent, who was born in Waterford township in 1810. He had by his second wife five children, viz.: Sarah E. (Kean), lives in

Morgan county; Lucina, at home. Roena and Martha are dead. Marion, third child served in the army for a short time. He is now engaged in farming.

Enos W. Slater removed from Belmont county, where he was born in 1815, to this county and settled in Waterford township in 1837. He was mayor of Beverly in 1860, and took a deep interest in the public schools, having served on the board two terms. In 1844 he married Margaret Turner, who was born in 1818. They have had seven children, two of whom, Calvin and Fletcher (twins), aredead. The five living are Hester A. (Wilson), of Coal Run; Mary (Sprague), of Marietta; Sarah Ruttie, of Cincinnati; Susan L. L. Dyar, of Marietta, and David, who lives at home. David Slater, sr., and his wife Martha West, emigrated from Maryland and settled in Belmont county in 1802. They afterwards moved to Guernsey county, where they lived till 1835, when Morgan county became their home. Mr. Slater died in 1850, Mrs. Slater in 1864.

John and Charlotte Cheffey emigrated from Maryland to Virginia and thence to Ohio in 1822, and settled in Jefferson county. They had a family of fourteen children. John T., one of the sons, was born in Virginia in 1822. In 1846 he married Salina Skivington, who was born in 1823 in Morgan county. They have had three children, but one of whom - John H. - is living. Robert and Amanda are dead.

Oliver Fucker was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1833; came to Washington county in 1839, and has for many years been engaged in mercantile business in Beverly. His wife, Mary J., daughter of John Buck, was also born in Washington county, Pennsylvania. Their family consists of two children - Alice Rowie, and Mary Jane.

Adelphia Webster and wife, Mary, emigrated from New England and settled in Morgan county in 1814. They had a family of five children. Sibyl was born in 1817, and in 1839 married Lyman Swift, who was born in 1815. They had six children - Rosamond (Danley), resides in Kansas; Mary (Owens), in Waterford ; Lucinda (Vincent), at home; Adelia Murry, on the homestead; Francis, died in 1851; Louisa is at home.

'David and Elizabeth Creighton emigrated from Ireland in 1829, and settled in Columbiana county. William, one of their five children, was born in Ireland in 1827. In 1877 he married Ruby A. Gifford. She was born in 1840. They have onechild. Mr. Creighton was trustee of Waterford township three years, and is one of the most prosperous farmers in his community.

John W. and Henrietta Hernsworth Becket were natives of Maryland. They emigrated to Ohio and settled opposite Wheeling in 1817. About 1847 they moved to Morgan county. They had nine children, three of whom are still living, viz: Julia A. (Bone), resides at McConnelsville; Sarah Harvey, at Coshocton; Mary Beckett, who was born in Maryland in 1808, and was married to John Beckett in 1826. He was born in Virginia in 1805. They had eleven children, eight of whom are still living. Samuel and John live in Oregon; William died there; Humphrey lives on the homestead;

James Cooney was born in County Donegal, Ireland, in 1818. His father, Mark Cooney, was a freeholder, and until he was eighteen years old James assisted at farming and attended school. He studied mathematics at the neighboring coast town of Ballyshannon, with the intention of becoming a surveyor. was offered a position in the service of his father's landlord, Colonel Conley, M. P., but his older brother, John, induced him to emigrate to America. In 1837 he until 1840, when he accepted a position on the Muskingum river public works and came to Beverly. He worked here four years, and then returned to Canada, where he taught school three years.

In 1847 he returned, and was employed on public works till 1859. He clerked in stores and in the woollen factory, and owned a small clothing store, until 1873, when a company, consisting of Thomas Clark, George Preston, George Worsted and himself, built a boat for the trade between Marietta and Beverly and intermediate points. Mr. J. H. Hubble at that time owned a saw-mill on his farm below Beverly, and was particularly accom- /modating with regard to getting out lumber for the mill. |The company named the boat in his honor - a compliment which Mr. Hubble acknowledged by presenting her la twenty dollar flag.

The Hubble does the people along the Munkingum an important service. Her regular daily trips at conven- 'ient hours afford them an opportunity of marketing and _trading in Marieita, and choosing between intermediate points. Captain Cooney is always found prompt, ac- /commodating and trusty in the performance of duty, and courteous in his treatment of passengers, always solicitous for their comfort and entertainment.

| Captain Cooney is a member of the Presbyterian | church of Beverly and a conscientious Christian. He |has a natural capacity for mathematics, has a clear re- | collection of the scenes of his boyhood, and is an inter-

Jesse lives in Virginia, served through the war in the Second Virginia cavalry; Elizabeth Ross lives on the homestead; Louisa Milner lives in Morgan county; George lives in Plymouth; Jacob is dead; and Erasmus lives in Waterford.

Luther P. Allen was born in Waterford township in 1808. He married Ellen Edgar, who was born in 1812. She was the daughter of Daniel Edgar, who was born in 1788 and died in 1858. Mr. Allen was a preacher for about forty years, also a farmer. They had twelve children, of whom Levi is the third. He was born in 1847, and lives on the homestead with his mother. His father died in 1877.

Asahel Pomeroy was born in Massachusetts in 1812, emigrated to Morgan county in 1848, and removed to Beverly in 1850, where he engaged in the lumber trade in 1856, and still continues at that business. He married Rosamond Webster, who was born in Morgan county in 1815. They had nine children: Sugan Brown, Lyman, Adelphia, and Lydia Clark, living at Beverly; Mary, Moses, George, Francis, and Sibyl are dead.

H. A. Staley was born in Virginia in 1814. In 1842 he married Elizabeth Matthews, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1817. Mr. Staley began the manufacture of woollen goods in Harrison county in 1832. In 1850 he removed to Beverly, where he engaged in the same business until 1876, when he retired from business. He served the village of Beverly as councilman nine years. His son David is engaged in the shoe business in Beverly. William lives in Athens, and Ella in Beverly. Sarah E., Mary A., Albert, and Elizabeth, are dead.

Joseph Parker, M. D., was born in Belmont county on November 5, 1821. He graduated from Starling Medical college, Columbus, in 1850, and begun practice in Beverly in 1851. In 1852 he married Adeline Bliss, who was born in Marietta January 28, 1832. They have had one child: Florence Bliss Parker. Dr. Parker's father was a native of North Carolina..

Samuel B. Robinson, esq., was born in Pennsylvania in 1815. He came to Waterford township in 1834, and died at Beverly January 2, 1877. In May, 1846, he married Colina N. Dodge, who died December 3, 1871. The surviving members of the family are W. P. Robinson, Beverly; Alice C. Robinson, Cromwell, Iowa, and Louis C. Robinson, of Marietta.

Joseph Wood emigrated with his family from Virginia and settled in Waterford township in 1855. He was born in Virginia in 1808, and married Lovina Cook, who was born in New York in 1812. The surviving members of the family are: James M., who lives in Illinois; Elizabeth (Jackson); Joseph N., Watertown; Frank M., in Illinois; Amanda, residing with her father on Wolf creek, this township; Mary W. (Ethell), in Illinois; Hervey D. and Charles J., at Waterford. Charles J. married, in 1858, Isabel Devol, who was born at Waterford in 1838.

David T. Brown, son of Isaac M. Brown and Christina Kyle, was born in Loudoun county, Virginia, in 1825. In 1832 his parents, with their family, removed to Ohio and settled at Zanesville. David, at the age of nineteen, began life on the river in the capacity of engineer on a steamboat, and served in that position twelve years. He then became captain of a boat, and during seven years' service in that responsible position won by his skill and courtesy an enviable reputation. In 1863 he purchased the Beverly woollen mills, which he continues to own and operate. In 1852 he was married to Miriam Lowe, daughter of John Lowe, of Aurelius township. The fruit of this marriage was five children, viz: George W., born April 5, 1854, died August 3, 1855; Alice C., born November 12, 1856; Willard M., born February 14, 1860; Lewis K., born December 30, 1865; and Eva Louise, born February 5, 1872. Alice C., the second child, was married November 12, 1874, to Rev. Theodore Finley, who was pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church at Beverly in 1872. Her husband died March 28, 1876, leaving one child, Theodore G., born September 17, 1875.

Isaac D., fifth son of Cyrus Spooner, M. D., was born in Lowell in 1838. He married, in 1866, Sarah Denney, who was born in Noble county in 1843. They have two children - Edward H., and Grace G. He served in the army from 1862 to 1865, in the Ninety-second Ohio volunteer infantry. The hardware business at Lowell and Beverly engaged his attention from 1866 to 1876. He is now manufacturing grain cradles at Beverly.

Joseph Bush emigrated with his wife from Connecticut and settled in Noble county, Ohio, in 1852. W. H. Bush, his son, was born in Noble county, Ohio. In 1873 he married Ella J. Carl, who was born in Perry county in 1853. Media W. and Lester are their children. Mr. Bush carried on the manufacture of woollen goods at McConnelsville from 1875 to 1880, when he came to Beverly and engaged in the same business.

David C. Aikin came to Beverly in 1868 from Harrison county, where he was born in 1822. His wife, whose maiden name was Violet Anderson, was born in 1824. They were married in 1845, and have a family of seven children, viz: Mary M. Seaman, Beverly, Ohio; Harriet Jenks, Illinois; James, Philadelphia; John, Beverly; Jennie, at home; Isaac, Tennessee; and Samuel, at home. Mr. Aikin was in the Twenty-second Ohio battery during the war. He has been engaged at wagonmaking in Beverly since 1868.

In 1870 Professor E. S. Cox came from West Virginia to Waterford, where he married Frances McCullum, who was born at Beverly in 1845. Their family consists of three children - Edward L., Frank, and Annie L. Professor Cox organized ahd graded the public schools of Belpre in 1874.

Source changes here: from History of Marietta and Washington County, Ohio, and Representative Citizens, by Andrews, Martin Register, published 1902; 11,181 words in this source stream.

Waterford Township

On December 20, 1790, the Court of Quarter Sessions established three townships : Marietta, Belpre and Waterford. The following resolution fixed the bounds of Waterford :

Resok-cd. That the seventh and eighth townships in the eleventh range, the fourth and fifth townships in tenth range, and mile square. No. a. in the fourth townshijj of th.' ninth range, be, and they hereby are incorporrilcd and included in one township, by the name of Waterford

The early history of Waterford township is given very fully in other chapters. The following article on Beverly, prepared by Miss Virginia V. Dodge, leaves little more to be -desired as to the history of that town, and also gives us many items of general interest relating to the surrounding country. The sketch of the Dodge family, likewise prepared by Miss Dodge, also fills out the history of Waterford township and the town of Beverly.

' The colon\' from whxda Beverly on the Muskingum had its origin has a most highly creditable and romanic history. Rising out of the wilderness onlv a few months following the advent of the Ohio Company at Marietta, its sons and daughters were of that heroic mold that has not failed to leave its impress on the character of the present life.

Within a few miles of here were born some of the most noble men and women that our country has known. So enchanting is this heart of the valley, that it is small wonder that Silver Heels, the last chief of the Lenni-Lenape Indians, was loath to abandon the realm that had been his hunters' paradise, time without memory to the white man, and that out of the rebellious spirit of this chief the last arrow should have gone to its mark in the heart of the settler, Abel Sherman.

The immortal Garfield said in the House of Representatives something that has so direct a bearing upon the birth of the town of Beverly proper that it is but justice to the man whose conception it was to here give the extract:

"There is a force greater than that of State and government. It is the force of private voluntary enterprise, that has built up towns and schools and colleges in these United States, with enthusiasm and wonderful energy."

This especial quality was perfectly exemplified in the character of one of the first of Ohio's colonists, John Dodge, Esq., who founded the town of Beverly.

In laying out part of his estate for public sale, and in making donations of a number of valuable properties to improve the advantages naturally at hand, it was the dream of Mr. Dodge to make this point a convenient center of civiliation where its productions and opportunities would afford benefit to the surrounding population. The town was not laid out in a spirit of personal aggrandizement, as its founder gave away to its schools, park, churches, ministers and business enterprises more than he kept for himself and his heirs.

A clause from a will by Mr. Dodge, relating to the name of Beverly, which, not being embodied in the historical part of this work containing the Dodge biography, is included here, as follows : an exceptional site") a town for the further convenience and advancement of this region we chose as cur pioneer home, am of ti)ie firm nitention to name the town Beverly, for three reasons - In that I have a reverence for the name as that of my birthplace in the mother State of Massachusetts. Also that many who came to the Northwest Territory with our company w'ere from that pilgrim coast where that Beverly stands and would thus feel an affection for tlie name. Again, that i trust in the Providence of God it will be an augur for the protection of the new village; as Beverly in Old England escaped the destroying army of tlie Norman because of the sanctity of her great prelate, John of Beverly, so I trust those here may be .spared all future disaster through our integrity in the keeping of God's laws.

Mr. Dodge made a plan for Beverly in 183 1, but on account of national conditions he deferred the actual laying out of the place, although operating a ferry at this period across the river and being interested in other public enterprises.

From 1837 to 1843 ^'''^ uncertain state of the public credit hardly seemed to touch the most prosperous population in the Muskingum Valley. There were improvements being made by the State upon the river dams and locks were being built, and a navigation was thus acquired that for many decades made the products of these fertile lands available to the world. There came a real need for an incorporated town, in the protection it would lend to the community.

The following letter from Hon. Thomas Ewing, just made Secretary of the Treasury, to Mr. Dodge, whose wife was a relative of Mr. Ewing's, is of prophetic value :

I am much interested in your proposition to lay out a town near the home of my family: it would draw new strength there and help to Iniild up our State on a foundation of high character.

Posterity owes you a debt of gratitude for your untiring effort? for the advancement of the community life around you. and likewise for so beautiful a choice of a town site for I have looked upon that bend of the river in my journeys by stage and horsebaick as the fairest view on the face of earth. Though endeared to me b>- association, even the most impartial observer would not fail to be impressed with its great beauties.

a loan to our agents, and many conditions unpropitious, did not deter the long-cherished plan of Mr. Dodge in the establishment of an incorporated town. There was levied a tax of two mills on the dollar and an officer of the law appointed, with a Town Council. There was a population of several hundred people, and new-comers arriving on account of the improved river traffic, the works having been completed at this place a year before. There were two general stores, also several buyers and shippers of agricultural products. There were three churches, a college and two schools then conducted here.