Mukilteo, Washington - The City Of "Firsts" - Scene Of Indian Treaty - M. H (part 12 of 14)

Although a presidential campaign year, 1904 rounded out with the usual activity and production of the timber industries, and commercial business in Everett and the other county towns remained normal. In 1905 the Robinson Manufacturing Company added a complete sawmill to its finishing lumber plant, the new mill cutting 60,000 feet of rough lumber in ten hours. C. 5. LaForge in 1905 was managing the Cascade Lumber and Shingle Company plant at Snohomish, daily capacity 100,000 feet of lumber and 150,000 shingles.

Busy Times In 1906

Many industrial changes took place in 1906, a year also historic for the permanent paving of business streets in Everett, the fir block pavement on lower

Hewitt Avenue being laid in the summer of 1906. President Stankevitch of the Randomite Powder Company completed the original Everett-Mukilteo powder factory late in that year; it later became the present Puget Sound & Alaska Powder Company, maintaining an extensive plant on the Mukilteo Road, being the second largest powder factory in the state. The Monte Cristo Metals Company, capital $1,- 500,000, was incorporated by F. W. Williams, S. I. Silverman, Lester Turner, Leroy M. Backus and Geo. W. Dickinson. The Everett Lumber & Shingle Company added a sawmill to its big shingle factory and resumed operation in September, cutting 50,000 feet of lumber and 250,000 shingles maximum daily. John McGee, in November, started logging 3,000,000 feet of timber growing alongshore a mile and a half south of Everett, for Hill & Swalwell. Shoultes Mill No. 1 in October cut 2,378,000 shingles, averaging 88,500 daily, far above its rated capacity. On August 17, 1906, the largest log ever handled by a Snohomish County mill was cut into lumber by the big bandsaw at the new Weyerhaeuser Timber Company mill, the log being nine feet thick and 32 feet long. In October the Snohomish Valley Railway Company applied for a franchise for a line from Cherry Valley to Everett and Snohomish, and claimed the capital was ready. In September the Everett Railway, Light & Water Company announced its intention to develop power at Granite Falls, 4,000 horsepower, and the county commissioners in August were clamoring for men to work on the new Everett-Mukilteo highway. The Puget Sound Smelter was running full blast ; in February one of the employes, M. Nisel, was arrested for stealing gold bullion from the plant, the gold bricks having been found hidden in the attic of his home.

Current Events Of 1906

A prize fight put on in October, between John Crowe and William Snailham, resulted in a knockout from which Crowe died without recovering consciousness; Snailham was arrested for manslaughter, but the coroner's jury decided death was due to "over-exertion." San Francisco earthquake relief funds showed a surplus of $520, which was turned over to the Everett Public Library to buy new books. The Women's Book Club decided to enter politics, placing one of its members before the voters as a candidate for school director, the city school board having been composed of the male gender up to this time. The Y. M. C. A. started a campaign late in the fall to increase its sustaining membership roll by fifty. Saturday, October 13, was lucky enough for the Everett High School, a news report in Monday's Herald stating: "The Everett High School won in the mud Saturday afternoon from the second team of the University by a score of 4 to 0. About 200 fans, impervious to rain and mud, cheered the team to victory. Sipprell and Clark were the star players of the game."

Business Changes In 1907

In 1907 the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company bought the old barge works plant and 36-acre site, Bayside, and the property was placed under the management of W. H. Bonner; in 1914 this area was increased to 130 acres and the great Mill B, at that time the first electric and finest lumber plant in the west, was erected; in 1924, Mill C, electric and having a compressed air plant, was completed, specializing in hemlock lumber; in 1923 this great concern owned and operated two 12,000-ton steamships, two more were added in 1924, and the company now has a fleet of its own to carry its products; its mills cut 1,000,000 feet per day, employing 1,500 men; Geo. S. Long of Tacoma is vice-president and general manager, Robert W. Hunt sales manager, Everett; Superintendent W. H. Bonner of I'verett died February Z, 1925, and was succeeded by E. B. Wight, while W. H. Peabody is superintendent of Mill B. The Canyon Lumber Company, organized and established at Robe in 1900, in February, 1906, secured a 52-acre site opposite the Sumner Iron Works, Everett, 20 acres of it on condition that it build and operate a mill employing seventy-five men the first year and 100 the succeeding four years, completed its Everett plant in 1907 and was cutting 40,000 feet of lumber and 75,000 shingles daily; C. A. Dean, president; R. Hambridge, treasurer; J. A. Theurer, general manager. The Clough-Hartley Company was incorporated in 1907 by D. M. Clough, R. H. Hartley, Orville FE. Clough and O. S. Whitney, Hartley in the same year buying the latter's stock; its shingle mill this year had 800,000 daily capacity, ten hours, sixty-five men; the present capacity is 900,000 shingles in eight hours, 100,000 feet cedar siding, employing 200 men each shift: the site is sixty acres centering at the bay front and 18th Street. President D. M. Clough died in 1924, Mr. Hartley succeeding to the presidency. The Canyon Lumber Company, which built its original lumber and shingle mills at Everett in 1907, now has a daily capacity of 300,000 feet of lumber; C. A. Dean, the original president, died in February, 1922, and was succeeded by the general manager, J. .\. Theurer. The Standard Railway & Timber Company, operating near Arlington, moved to Hazel, where it built fourteen miles of logging railroad; in 1912 it bought the properties of the Sultan Railway & Timber Company, established in 1909, and in 1916 began operations at Oso, building fifteen miles of railroad, its camps employing 160 men; Joseph Irving is also president of the Monroe Logging Company. Neil C. Jamison in 1907 bought the Lundgren-Swanson shingle mill, 14th Street, Everett, organizing the Jamison Shingle Company, capacity 300,000 shingles daily ; in 1919 Jamison sold his interest in the plant and established the Jamison Lumber Company, now one of the large concerns of the city, 12th Street dock, cutting 250,000 shingles daily, employing 125 men; N. C. Jamison is also head of the Jamison Lumber & Shingle Company and manager of the Sauk River Lumber Company. A rail rate advance of ten cents per hundred on lumber and shingles destined east of the Mississippi in October was met by the timber men with an injunction, for which they had to put up a $250,000 bond, so the mills continued their deliveries.

Harbor Improvements

Harbor facilities were considerably improved this year by Captain Ramwel, who built a modern, well-equipped dock; he now controls all the principal docks, including Oriental and Washington piers, owns the Everett Dock & Warehouse Company, twenty-five steam tugs, several barges and other vessels, controls half a mile of water frontage, owns and operates the salmon and fruit canneries of the American Packing Company and operates the General Petroleum Company on the Everett shore front, where he served as Everett's first harbor master. The new steel bridge over the Snohomish River at Everett Avenue was almost finished in 1907, being started in January. In September announcement was made that the new Norwegian Lutheran College would be built in Everett within six months, and that $50,000 for the project was to be raised.

Electric Service History

In 1908, the Puget Sound International Railway & Power Company, which took the Everett street railways on a 999-year lease, operating under the lease until 1917, when it bought all the stock of the old Everett company thus quashing the lease, purchased its power from the Seattle and. Tacoma Power Company. In 1910 the present Broadway power station was built, delivering 4,000 kilowatts, which was increased to 19,000 kilowatts in 1922, and this was again increased in 1926; in 1923 the company, now the Puget Sound Power & Light Company, extended its power and light service to Lake Stevens, Swans Trail and Granite Falls, taking over the electric plant of the latter, and the following year absorbed the local electric systems of Arlington, Stanwood and Edmonds, in these deals buying the hydro-electric plants at Arlington and Granite Falls, at the same time extending service to Mukilteo, and in 1925 to Meadowdale and Cathcart; when power from the great Stone & Webster plant at Baker River became available early in 1926, service was extended to Beverly Park, 110,000 volts, and a sub-station was established there ; in 1908, Stone & Webster took over and completed the Seattle-Everett electric interurban line, which had been started in 1903 by an energetic Seattle. real estate man, Fred E. Sander, and associates, had been built as far northward from Seattle as Hall's Lake, near Edmonds, and there stopped for want of capital; this line, now operated by the Pacific Northwest Traction Company (Stone & Webster) was completed and the first car placed in active service May 2, 1910, the headquarters being transferred to Everett, with George Newell in charge as general manager.

Fisheries Industry Grows

In 1908, Everett became a wholesale fisheries port; J. A. and M. B. McGhie opened a fish market here in 1891, and in 1908 they joined with S. Chase in the wholesale fish business with $12,000 capital; in 1913, S. P. McGhie, S. Chase and J. O. Morris organized the Everett Packing Company, and built a salmon cannery, packing 2,000 cases of salmon daily at the height of the season; in 1915 at the present location of the plant they increased the capacity to 3,500 cases; in 1924 they put in vegetable canning machinery and canned peas as well as fish, employing from 120 to 200 persons in season. In 1916 they established branch plants and floating canneries in southeast Alaska and Bering Sea - Northern Pacific Packing Company, 150 men; Nootka Packing Company, 150 men, and the Langara Packing Company, packing clams, Queen Charlotte Island, 400 employes; during the fishing season this concern employs 2,000 persons, nearly all men; one of its ships, the Mazama, is the third largest fisheries vessel in the world, carrying 100 carloads of salmon, and the company does an annual business of $1,500,000; S. P. McGhie is president and manager, J. O. Morris is vice president and secretary, S. Chase having retired from the concern in 1921. |

The Concrete Products Company established its cement products plant at 2941 Chestnut street in 1908, O. W. Ward being manager. In 1909 the plant was purchased by the Harbor City Cement Company, H. W. Shaw, president, C. M. Robins, manager and secretary-treasurer, and in 1919 the present proprietor, A. W.

Schwartz, bought the plant, which has laid more than 3,726 miles of cement piping in Everett, Anacortes, Stanwood, Snohomish and other cities and towns. January 23, 1908, J. K. Montgomery cut the last log at the mill on First Street, Marysville, and then removed his plant to the new mill at the foot of Beech Street, the new plant having a daily capacity of 20,000 feet of lumber and 125,000 shingles. One of the great tragedies of shingle mill history occurred on April 3, 1908, when the boiler exploded in the Garman & Emmons shingle mill, wrecking the plant and killing six men, including A. O. Garman, proprietor, Engineer T. B. Ambuhl, Chas. Larson, James Hopkins and Edward Olson; it was said that the boiler was an old one and was overloaded. Another sensational news report this year told of the robbery of the postoffice on the night of January 30, when the safe was cleverly blown open, $212 in cash taken as well as a lot of stamps, and the adjoining clothing store was also robbed; $200 reward for the apprehension of the thieves was offered by the government. The Sunset Telephone Company this year extended its service to Silvana, Florence and Stanwood. Marion J. Rumbaugh in 1908 bought an interest in the Barron Furniture Company store, which later until late in 1926 was the Everett Department Store, and then was taken over entire by Mr. Rumbaugh and is now Rumbaugh's Department Store, 2813-19 Colby Avenue, having fortyseven departments, served by eighty employes.

February, 14, 1908, the death of Mrs. Mary Byron Reese of Oak Harbor, Whidby Island, was announced; she was a well known Puget Sound poet and mother of Rev. E. B. Reese of the M. E. Church of Stanwood, where the body was laid to rest; one of her poems, "The Old Skidroad," is still popular in the northwest. Everett business men were trying to provide a public market to facilitate trade with the farmers, and in April the veteran John J. Clark represented Everett business interests at a meeting of the Poultrymen's Association held at Stanwood. An interesting entertainment event was the opening of the Grand Theater, 1509 Hewitt Avenue, November 1, 1908, with the first complete feature motion pictures, vaudeville acts and illustrated songs, Manager Frazier presenting Harry Young as the tenor singer and N. B. Roberts, pianist. It was a capacity house.

Crown Lumber Company

The year of the Alaska~Yukon-Pacific Exposition in Seattle, 1909, was made historic in Everett by several events and developments, including the city's first great fire, that of August 1, when the courthouse was burned and many other buildings in the business district wholly or partly destroyed, as described in the 'county government chapter, total loss estimated at $185,000. This year, however, brought to the Everett district one of the greatest shipping and timber products companies of the Pacific Coast, the Charles Nelson Company, of San Francisco, which purchased the entire plant and properties of the Mukilteo Lumber Co., of which A. A. Scott had been the manager since 1906, he having also been one of the original stockholders of the Clark-Nickerson Company. The Chas. Nelson Company formed a subsidiary company for control and operation of the Mukilteo plant, named the Crown Lumber Co., with A. A. Scott in charge as manager and vicepresident, the mill then having a twenty-acre site, a daily lumber capacity of 250,- O00 feet and employing 240 men. In September, 1916, the Charles Nelson Co. purchased the large cargo mill, box factory and shingle and lath mills of the Puget

Sound Mill & Timber Co., established at Port Angeles in 1913 by Michael Earles, and Vice President A. A. Scott was made general manager of both plants, and by this time the Nelson Steamship Co., owning and operating twenty-five steamships, carrying both freight and passengers, began regular service to Puget Sound. The Crown Lumber Co. was and is headed by James Tyson of San Francisco, president of the Nelson companies. Also in 1909, the K. K. Timber Co., which had been established with headquarters at Snohomish in 1907, removed its main offices to Everett; this company was first formed by J. W. Keim and W. T. Knowles, and its operations, specializing in pole and piling timber, extended into British Columbia; Mr. Knowles later acquired control of the concern, and in 1920 general offices were opened at 2912 Rucker Avenue, this corporation at this time producing approximately 100,000 poles and piles annually and employing about 200 men.

In March, 1910, the Everett Chamber of Commerce published the result of a survey showing that the timber and lumber output of Snohomish County in 1909 had a total value of $15,708,546, that there was 895,546 acres of virgin timber still standing, and that of the estimated total of 19,624,000,000 feet of standing timber, 9,624,000,000 was held by railroad grants. In March, 1910, the Everett Gas Co. arranged for the laying of forty miles of pipe lines, including a high-pressure line along California Avenue and Baker Street to 23rd Street, and city street work, chiefly permanent paving of business streets, to the amount of $190,000, was under way. Inthe same month construction work on the electric interurban railway from Seattle to Everett was being rushed to completion with 500 men employed by Stone & Webster, and on May 2 the first passenger car traveled over the new line, the new coaches, each fifty-five feet long and equipped with 500-horsepower motors and patent air brakes, having arrived from the east in April.

New Federal Building

On April 16, 1910, the site of the present Federal building was purchased for $12,000; Congress decided upon appropriating $130,000 for the Everett Federal building, but Postmaster J. M. Vernon stoutly and vigorously opposed the bill, the appropriation being entirely too small to provide such a building as the city and its rapidly growing business demanded; as a result, Representative Will E. Humphrey introduced a bill which became a law, increasing the amount to $350,000.

Walton Lumber Company

In 1912 Everett's industrial world was greatly augmented by the organization of the Walton Lumber Company by Clyde and E. Q. Walton, with the former as president, E. ©. Walton later becoming president of the Walton Veneer Company, established with a complete new plant on a 130-acre site south of the Northern Pacific Railroad in 1923. Originally, this sawmill had a daily capacity of 50,000 feet of lumber, employing fifty men, but its capacity was later increased to 125,000 feet daily for a single shift, although much of its operation was in two shifts, cutting 250,000 feet daily and employing 325 men; in 1919 the company absorbed the Wallace Timber Company and in 1921 organized the Laz- arus Logging Company, both supplying rough timber for the plant; the Walton Veneer Company made a specialty of panel veneering, employing more than 200 men; both the planing mill and the great veneer plant escaped destruction in the great fire of Sunday night, July 25, 1926, when the large lumber plant on the north side of the Northern Pacific Railway bridge, and much dry lumber were hopelessly burned, the loss being estimated at between $500,000 and $600,000, but the company has begun the erection of a still larger plant to occupy the same site. It was in 1912 that the Standard Railway & Timber Company purchased the Sultan Railway & Timber Company, and combined the two concerns, operating two complete logging camps on the Sultan River watershed.

Auto Industry Grows

Although W. D. Knisely had introduced into Everett the first privately-owned automobile only a decade before, in 1912 automobile dealers were already established, selling Fords, Cadillacs, Wintons, White Steamers, Studebakers and Overlands, as well as the Oldsmobile. John Garner, who died in June, 1925, was one of the well established dealers in 1912, when he headed the Everett Automobile Company, still here, owned and operated by Harry Winde, who purchased a half interest with Mr. Garner January 1, 1912, and in July, 1915, purchased the remaining half interest, and handles the Overland and Willys-Knight machines ; Bailey Hilton has been the star salesman with this company for more than fifteen years; the Studebaker machine was represented for many years by L. R. Pittman, in later years succeeded by G. W. and R. V. Fowler, W. R. and R. J. Paddock, present owners of the agency and whose territory includes Snohomish, Skagit and [sland counties.

Sumner Iron Works Fire

The Jamison Mill Company was organized in 1913 and became an important element of Everett's industrial life, by 1926 employing 125 men; also the H. Landsdown Company, introducing an entirely new departure in the lumber trade, a regular mail-order establishment, which in 1917 established a modern retail warehouse and yard on Cedar Street between Thirty-first and Thirty-second streets ; in 1926 this concern was burned out, but immediately began rebuilding. Withal, however, 1913 was a sad year for industrial Everett for it brought the destruction by fire of the great Sumner Iron Works, established in 1892, which had by this time more than trebled its original size and capacity; citizens came to the rescue and helped to provide a new site at the north of Lowell, on Third and Forty-first " streets, where the initial foundry and unit of the present plant was erected. Meantime, pending orders and contracts were fulfilled by taking over a complete small and idle plant in Tacoma, to which the Sumner people added no less than eleven new buildings while operating there under lease, before returning to Everett to continue production in the newly completed Everett plant, and they have since greatly expanded their plant and operations, now employing more than 200 men, the monthly output having an average value of more than $30,000; a new steel foundry, two ninety-foot additions to the main building and a new boiler factory, equipped with a ten-ton traveling crane, have been added; during the American participation in the World war this company turned its full force into war production, making ship machinery and steam engines for the American and French governments, and after the war redoubled its efforts in the manufacture of mill and cannery and marine machinery and power units, many of which were conceived and designed by this company, which obtains its steel from astern steel mills, its pig iron from Scotland and Utah and its coke from Scotland; Miles Mitchell, present treasurer of the corporation, started in as office boy in 1905, the heads of the concern being President F. W. Sumner, General Manager T. B. Sumner, Secretary Frank F. Sumner and Manager of Works George B. Sumner.

Weyerhaeuser Mill

In 1914 the Weyerhaeuser Company, which had acquired the 130-acre site of the old barge works on the Delta, began covering thirty acres of it with roofs of a great plant, known as Mill B, the finest electric-power lumber plant then known in the world, its cement stack rising to a height of 203 feet before the close of the year, and the initial plant was placed in operation in April, 1915, with a daily capacity of 400,000 feet of lumber to be increased to close to 1,000,000 feet by the addition of cedar and hemlock units; operation of the plant was under the management of William H. Boner; L. 5. Tucker was superintendent of construction, E. M. Rogers general superintendent: the buildings were designed by Arthur B. Bracna, Everett architect. The Fred K. Baker Lumber Company was formed in 1914; two years later William Hulbert bought the controlling interest and electrified the plant; Mr. Hulbert died in 1919, and in the following year the company was reorganized as the present William Hulbert Lumber Company, whose combination plant on Twelfth Street, Bayside, has a thirty-one-acre site, employs 200 men and has a daily cutting capacity of 80,000 feet of cedar lumber and 350,000 shingles.

On December 4, 1914, the county purchased ten acres of the old James Grant homestead from Rev. Father Van der Walle as a site for a combined trout hatchery and game bird farm, on Grant Creek near Cicero, with an eyeing station for the hatchery at Lake Chapman; this was the basis of the present elaborate stocking of Snohomish County lakes and streams and woods with game fish and game birds: Game Warden Geo. W. White in 1914 reported that the number of fishing and hunting licenses had increased 2,000 within a year to a total of 10,000, and there had been fifty arrests for law violations. It was in this year that the neighboring town of Marysville received many compliments for the erection of its present modern high school building of brick, occupying an entire block frontage on State Street.

In 1915 Everett industries began to feel the effect of World War demands, and at the same time received a jolt when 350 Greek nationals residing here were ordered by the King of Greece to join the Greek -\rmy. Survey of the Sultan River basin for the Everett water system was begun in October, the cornerstone of Index granite, the same material to be used as trimming for the structure, was laid, marking the beginning of the Everett Federal Building, and in September the John Wannabo Camp, Spanish War Veterans, organized the Snohomish County Bolo Club, later active in local politics.

systems, with eighteen exchanges and 15,000 subscribers, combining the properties under the name of the Puget Sound Telephone Company, operating from Seattle to Bellingham, with main offices in Everett under the management of W. M. Winter, Sr. The Standard Railway & Timber Company began operating at Oso, increasing its annual output of logs for local mills to 70,000,000 feet.

I. W. W. Tragedy

The most sensational and dramatic episode and saddest tragedy in Everett's history occurred in November, 1916. Union shingle weavers employed in the local mills had declared a strike and walked out, May 1. Attempts to bring about a satisfactory adjustment of the basis of the strike failed; labor agitators appeared in the city and carried on a series of inflammatory meetings on street intersections, until this system of street agitation was prohibited by the city authorities, as it obstructed traffic and caused needless disturbances. Then the fiery streetcorner orators of Seattle took the matter up, organized a band of reckless men and openly threatened to hold meetings and make speeches in Everett streets by force if necessary ; the steamer Verona was chartered to carry the crowd to Everett, all the men being fully armed with rifles and revolvers. When Sheriff Donald McRae of Snohomish County was informed of these men, who were said to be leaders and members of the I. W. W., he at once wired word to Seattle that they would not be permitted to land their armed vessel and men at the docks of the city; this was on Saturday, November 4, and on the following morning, Sunday, November 5, the steamer Verona appeared in the Everett harbor, her decks and house covered with men, alleged all to have been well armed, and headed for the south side of the City dock, where Sheriff McRae and about seventy-five armed citizens awaited them. The sheriff stood near a mooring pile and as the Verona got ready to cast out her lines, Sheriff McRae warned them that they would not be permitted to land. Accounts of what followed agree that this was the signal for firing and at the first volley from the boat Sheriff McRae, who stood in full view, fell upon the dock, badly wounded in both legs. Volleys from the guns on shore caused great havoc on board, many of the men being hit and the rest scrambling to the starboard side in such numbers that the boat was well-nigh capsized, yet the shooting continued for several minutes from both sides. Among the Everett men, besides their leader, Sheriff McRae, who was quickly carried out of range after receiving his leg wounds, C. O. Curtis was instantly killed and Deputy Sheriff Jeff Beard fatally wounded, dying of his wounds the next morning. Five alleged I. W. W. invaders were killed outright on board the boat, their names being Harry Pierce and Gus Johnson of Seattle, Hugo Gerlot, John Lorney and Felix Baran, and thirty were wounded. The men on the Verona then gave notice of their submission and asked for help for their wounded comrades, which was at once granted and the wounded men were taken off and sent to the City Hospital for immediate medical attention.

This extraordinary and tragic occurrence was followed for several days by much excitement, many meetings, many contradictory stories. Monday, November 6, a conference of officials of the Shingle Weavers Union, city officials, Federal and state labor representatives and citizens, was held with a view to ending the shingle weavers' strike, which had been used as a pretext for the I. W. W. exploit, though the local shingle weavers were doubtless guiltless of any connection or even knowledge of it in advance of the actual arrival of the armed vessel. The meeting was held in the offices of Judge W. W. Black, and those present included William Blackman of the United States Department of Labor, State Labor Commissioner Younger, President Brown of the International Shingle Weavers Union, President E. P. Marsh of the State Federation of Labor, A. A. Brodeck, W. W. and Lloyd Black, Robert Moody of the First National Bank, E. M. Metzger, Business Agent C. W. Knapp of the Building Trades Council, E. A. Francois, vice-president of the State Federation of Labor; James Ballew of the Plasterers' Union, Reverend Rogers, Reverend Flint, and Dr. Marlatt. An adjourned meeting was held on Wednesday, an all-day and evening consideration of the matter, at the conclusion of which an agreement was reached. On November 9, the heads of the Shingle Weavers Union signed a statement, which was also a proclamation, declaring the strike off. This statement was signed by President Brown of the International Shingle Weavers Union of America, President E. P. Marsh of the Washington Federation of Labor, and Treasurer J. M. Norton, who constituted the strike committee. The strike was then formally called off at a meeting held November 10, this action being taken by the union in behalf of industrial peace, the officials expressing deep regret over the tragedy of November 5, in which seven men were killed, and in which the union had no part whatever, stating that this action of calling the strike off was determined upon after a full conference with Government officers, union officials and Everett citizens, including the special citizens' investigating committee. The strike had started May 1 and was called off November 10, 1916.

Wartime History

EVERETT AND SNOHOMISH COUNTY RESPOND QUICKLY TO NATION'S CALL - NAVAL VOLUNTEERS FIRST TO GO - TWO UNITS CALLED TO SERVICE - CROWDS WAVE GODSPEED--PERSONNEL OF COMPANIES - DRAFT BOARDS OF COUNTY - COUNTY SENDS THREE THOUSAND MEN - SNOHOMISH COUNTY HEROES - INDIAN PATRIOTS - RED CROSS ACTIVITIES - TRIBUTE TO WILLIAM HOWARTH - COUNCIL OF PATRIOTIC SERVICE - LIBERTY LOAN DRIVES - OTHER WAR DRIVES - MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS - NOTABLE DEMONSTRATIONS - ARMISTICE CELEBRATION - SNOHOMISH COUNTY ROLL OF HONOR.

The record established by Snohomish County during the World war is one deserving of special recognition, not only from the standpoint of the men it furnished to the various armed branches of our Government, but also because of the generous and patriotic work so nobly accomplished by those citizens at home. The county felt the declaration of war of April 6, 1917, in a dramatic and forceful manner, when on the following morning at 7 o'clock Everett's first unit departed for Bremerton; and from that time until the return of the county's enlisted men and the completion of the many war activities which lasted even for months after the armistice, its citizens earned everlasting glory by their accomplishments.

The same day that President Wilson signed the resolution of Congress declaring a state of war between the United States and Germany, orders were issued mobilizing the navy. These orders were felt in Everett that day, for Ensign Scott Reaney, commanding the Sixth Division of the Federal Naval Volunteers of the State of Washington, received word to call out his men. With but a few hours' notice these men - mere boys they were for the most part - -assembled for their early morning departure on the seventh to a destination which could not be announced.

Naval Volunteers First To Go

Although the hour was early, a large crowd gathered at the Great Northern Depot to bid farewell to the first contingent to enter the active service of the country. The realities of what war means were suddenly brought home to every resident of the county. Even strangers to the personnel of the Sixth Division, standing in that crowd around the depot on that early April morning fought bravely with their emotions, not because home ties were being severed for them at that particular moment, but because they could see into the future and discern other separations to come. When strangers to these men had to fight to keep back tears, the strain upon friends and relatives must have required almost superhuman courage to hide the thoughts of the occasion.

This unit went to Bremerton, where it was assigned to the U. S. South Dakota. This ship, together with the Pittsburgh, as flagship, the Frederick and the Pueblo, made up the Pacific Scout Fleet, under command of Rear Admiral William Banks Caperton. The South Dakota went from Bremerton to San Francisco, then to San Diego, where the fleet was assembled. On May 7 the fleet left San Diego, through the Panama Canal, and on June 20 called at Bahia, Brazil. It then called at Rio de Janeiro, Montevideo and Buenos Aires. Later the ship was ordered to Bahia, and helped patrol the seas for a radius of a thousand miles or more from there. After several months of this work, the ship was ordered to New York to join the convoy cruiser squadron. Eight convoy trips were made, and when the armistice was signed the South Dakota was four days at sea in another convoy. Orders returned the ship home; and it was later used to transport soldiers home from France.

When mustered into service on April 6, the Sixth Division was in command of Ensign Richard S. Reaney, divisional officer; Ensign John Murdock McLean, Jr., divisional officer, and Ensign Irving W. Parsons, assistant surgeon, now practicing in Everett. The records in the adjutant general's office of the state show that the personnel of the unit was as follows: Sylvester Anderson, Alden Bartlett, William Baudry, Edwin Bordsen, Clemens M. Boyle, Elton W. Chase, Percy B. Childs, Carl I. Crocker, Charles Flannery, Emory J. Garrett, John L. Grant, Carl H. Haggland, Rowan Harmon, Willard Deane Haskell, Lloyd Burton Hatch, Howard Hathaway, Jr., Frank W. Johnasen, Preston C. Kane, Russell E. Ketchum, George E. Knapp, Henry Korber, Viggo Krieger, Glen Larson, Edward W. Lattie, William L. Lebreck, Arthur P. Linn, Carl O. Magnuson, Robert C. Mansfield, Evoy N. Merrick, Edmund E. Messenger, Lyle B. Muzzall, Jess I. North, Carl A. Paschke, Thomas W. Phillips, Alvin C. Ramstead, Chauncey H. Richardson, Fred H. Richardson, Ralph A. Ringman, John P. Shields, Ernest J. Slater, Harry G. Slater, Charles H. Smith, Gordon W. Steele, Bert Tisdale, Lloyd A. Tooker, Raymond N. Townsend, Harry E. Vandagriff, Charles E. Van Horn, Clyde E. Williams, and Barney J. Yanta. Practically all of these men were from Everett and vicinity.

Two Units Called To Service

The county had two other units which will always receive no small amount of consideration in the military lore of this locality. These were two coast artillery companies - 12th Company, Washington C. A. and 5th Company, Washington C. A. The former was composed almost entirely of Everett boys, while the personnel of the latter was made up from boys from Snohomish, Monroe, Arlington, Bothell, Duvall, Lake Stevens, Machias and vicinities, with company headquarters at Snohomish.

Fifth Company had been in existence for months prior to the entrance of the United States into the war, while Twelfth Company was organized in Everett about the time it became apparent that the conflict could no longer be avoided. All the members of both companies were volunteers. It speaks well for the patriotism of the county that when it became known that these two units would be called into service both companies had "waiting lists." Many local men were disappointed because they could not be admitted as members, due to the fact that the maximum strength allowed by regulations prevented their enlistments.

These two companies were called into Federal service on July 25, 1918. Both companies had been drilling for several days before their departure. Although the officers of the companies knew for several days the time of departure, this fact could not be revealed until the night before they were to leave. On August 1, 1917, at 533Q.in the morning there were busy soldiers at Everett and Snohomish, for this hour marked the start of their trip to France. Despite the secrecy connected with the time of departure, a crowd of several hundred people gathered at the Great Northern Depot in Snohomish to bid farewell to the members of Fifth Company as it was carried out of town in two special passenger cars and a baggage car. Many followed to Everett to witness the departure from there for Fort Casey.

Crowds Wave Godspeed

It was about 8 o'clock in the morning when Twelfth Company marched to the City dock in Everett, and although there were many who did not yet know of what was transpiring, a crowd estimated at over 3,000 was on hand at the dock. It was some little time before the steamer City of Angeles docked. Loading the equipment of the two companies required some time. Departure might possibly have been hurried somewhat, but the officers in charge were blessed with the possession of no little amount of kindness, and they cannot be criticized if they permitted the partings of that morning to be drawn out a little longer than might have been considered sufficient by more hardened veterans. Perhaps they had desires of their own, too, to linger a few minutes more. While they knew that Fort Casey was the destination of the day, none knew how long they were to remain at that Puget Sound fort.

W. H. Mason, Everett attorney, and author of "Snohomish County in the War," the 450-page book which deals with the war history of the county and service records of the men of the county who served in the various branches of our army and navy, describes the departure of the boat and these units as follows:

"As the City of Angeles pulled away from the dock, whistles drowned the cheers from the shore, and farewells were waved between boat and dock. The artillerymen struck up the song of 'If You Don't Like Your Uncle Sammy, Then -Go Back to Your Home O'er the Sea,' and followed that with 'It's a Long, Long Way to Tipperary.' The crowd lingered, lingered longer than usual, and not until the boat was well on its way down the Sound did many return to homes that seemed dreadfully lonesome and lacking in the presence of one that nothing else could replace.

"The departure at one time of more than 230 young men from the county not only brought home to an equal number of households the realities of war, but its effect was felt in still wider circles. The patriotic example of so many prominent and popular young men of the various communities of the county could not but have its influence for good upon the whole county. Their going not only gave the country over 230 determined fighting men ready for the front, but their example was a large factor in helping many another young man to reach a patriotic decision long before he might have without this influence. For each fighting man that the United States mustered into service through these two companies, it secured a score or more of patriotic workers and citizens who counted so much in all the patriotic work that followed during the war period. It became an easy matter for the relatives and hundreds of friends of these boys to back them up by working to the end that Snohomish County should 'go over the top' in every drive undertaken. Patriots develop patriotism within the circle of their influ- ence, and Twelfth Company and Fifth Company thus accomplished more than many ever stopped to realize. It becomes an easy matter to arouse patriotism in a community, no matter how dormant it might apparently be, when young men like those who made up these companies quietly and sincerely set such an example. Patriots take pride in backing up patriots. That is the reason why this county met every war task given it with a will that always spelled victory. The silent influence of such units as the Sixth Division of the Federal Naval Volunteers, Twelfth Company and Fifth Company, and the many other units that claimed the hundreds of Snohomish County boys in the service was a factor that cannot be forgotten. And the past tense is not the only one that can be used, for that influence will be felt for many years to come."

Personnel Of Companies

The personnel of these two companies as it left on August lst was somewhat changed during the following weeks. A few received honorable discharges on D. S. C., due to the stringent requirements in force at that time, and these men felt this fact keenly. A few were compelled to accept discharges because of dependents, but over their protests. Some were fortunate to enter later, however, These two companies maintained their designations until in December, when a reorganization took place, nearly all of these two companies then becoming members of either the Sixty-third Artillery, C. A. C., or of the Sixty-fifth Artillery, C. A. C. A few were transferred to the Forty-eighth, and a few to the Sixtyninth Artillery, C. A. C. Several were sent to officers' training schools and received commissions.

The Sixty-fifth Artillery started to leave for Camp Merritt on February 27, 1918, and the regiment sailed for France March 25th. It saw service in the St. Mihiel salient, and in the battle of the Meuse Argonne. The regiment sailed from Brest on its homeward trip, arriving at Philadelphia January 30, 1919. They reached Seattle February 18, and were discharged at Camp Lewis February 28.

arrived at Jersey City late June 19 and was then sent to Camp Mills. On July 13 the regiment boarded the Empress of Britain, and on the 26th the convoy steamed up the Mersey River. From Liverpool they went by rail to Romsey, then to Southhampton. Crossing the English Channel on July 29, they landed at Le Havre, France. Their return trip from France started from Marseilles February 6, 1919. On March 12, 1919, the regiment reached Everett, in two sections, to receive a glorious welcome. They paraded up Hewitt Avenue before what was perhaps the largest crowd ever to witness any event in [verett. They were guests of the Woman's Welfare League for lunch, before going on to Seattle and

A war history of the county would be incomplete without mention of the members of the draft boards of the county who did a vast amount of work. Sheriff James McCulloch was chairman of the board of supervisors under the draft law. County Auditor Mae Weatherbee and County Physician O. A. Thomle completed the membership of this supervising board. The Everett draft board consisted of Mayor D. D. Merrill, City Clerk Louis Lesh, and City Physician L. G. Woodford. The board at Snohomish consisted of H. C. Comegys, James Burton and Dr. N. S. McCready. Arlington organized with I. S. Baker, A. M. Wendell and C. W. Haskins as members.

The first appeal agent for the county was John Sandidge, deputy prosecuting attorney. When business forced him to resign this office, S. A. Bostwick, prominent Everett attorney, was named. These boards handled thousands of cases patiently, thoroughly, and without complaint of any kind being registered against their work. Under volunteer officials in the various precincts in the county, 5,051 young men, between 21 and 30 years of age inclusive, registered on June 5, 1917. On September 12, 1918, 3,447 additional men registered, between the ages of 18 and 45. Two additional registrations were set apart for men who had become twenty-one years of age after the initial registration. The draft boards, appeal agent, legal advisory board, and members of the medical fraternity all worked unselfishly in Snohomish County to carry out every provision of the Selective Service Act; and the work was accomplished smoothly and fiarmoniously throughout.

County Sends 3,000 Men

Snohomish County furnished well over 3,000 men for the war. Under the Selective Service Act Everett furnished 496 men, Snohomish No. 1, at Snohomish, sent 509; and Snohomish No. 2, at Arlington, supplied 426 men, a total of 1,435 men by this method. The county also furnished three full units in the Sixth Division of the Federal Naval Volunteers; Twelfth Company, C. A. C.; and Fifth Company, C. A. C. Enlistments in the various branches of the army, navy and marine corps and allied armies brought this total to well over 3,000 men.

The first boys to enlist from Everett were Fred C. Spence, Roscoe Spence, Thornton A. Sullivan, Karl Hultman and Clarence Eddy, all students in the local high school. They enlisted the day President Wilson signed the declaration of war, and selected the marine corps. Sullivan became a member of the famous

The first drawing of names under the Selective Service Act occurred at Washington, D. C., July 20, 1917. No. 258 was the first number drawn. Ole B. Berge, 3632 Oakes Avenue, Everett, was the man having this number for the Everett district. In District No. 1, Vern Gist was the man holding this card; while in District No. 2, Takashi Kobasha was the designated man.

The first men in Everett to pass the physical examination under the Selective Service Act were Anthony C. Christianson, Carl I. Larsen and Ragnvold G. Johnson, on August 3, 1917. Johnson saw service in France with the famous "Wild West," Ninety-first Division, receiving a Distinguished Service Cross for bravery.

Out of the first eighty-four men examined in Everett by the local board, only thirteen asked for exemption. Twenty were found physically deficient. Everett's first quota was 126 men.

On September 7, 1917, the first men to leave the three Snohomish County districts under the Selective Service Act, departed for Camp Lewis. From Everett the men who left were Benjamin F. Dewey, Wendell Black, Harry E. Requa, Jacob M. Vick, Henry Manitos and Stanley Holtum. From the Arlington district the men sent were Otto Bluemke, Arlington; Walter A. Libby, Stanwood; John Kelly, Granite Falls; and Edward Williams, Marysville. The six men from Snohomish sent were Frank Martin, Lowell; Manton P. Unzelman, Snohomish; Fred Helmke, Snohomish; Charles M. Cavelero, R. F. D. 1, Everett; James Aikens, Snohomish; and George S. Montgomery, Edmonds.

Sergeant Richard R. Campbell, now proprietor of a cafe in Everett, entered Camp Lewis October 4, 1917. In February, 1918, while in France, he was taken from his company and assigned to General Pershing's train as mess sergeant. He was with the commander-in-chief's special train throughout France and Belgium, and in Germany and at Rome. The distinction of serving on General Pershing's train fell to»but few men, and the fact that Sergeant Campbell remained with the train until he came home with General Pershing is sufficient proof of the Everett man's ability to fill the responsible position assigned to him.

Earl M. Faulkner, another Everett boy, won distinction in the war. He enlisted at Spokane, and became a member of the Fifth Company, Seventh Machine Gun Battalion, Third Division in France. He was a member of the famous machine gun battalion which stopped the Germans at Chateau-Thierry and on June 13, 1918, received fatal wounds in action there. He was awarded a posthumous Croix de Guerre and a citation by General Petain. The Everett American Legion Post is named in his honor.

Bernard F. Stiefvater of Lowell was the victim of a German submarine. He enlisted as a fireman in the navy on July 3, 1917, and was assigned to the U. S. S. William Rockefeller. He had made five trips across the Atlantic safely; but on his sixth, and when within eight miles of the Scotland shore the ship was tor- 'pedoed. Fireman Stiefvater was in the hold at the time of the explosion, and he and two other sailors went down with the boat. That happened on May 18;

The first Distinguished Service Cross awarded to a Snohomish County man was the posthumous one given Jacob B. Teiseth of East Stanwood. He entered Camp Lewis April 26, 1918, and in France became a member of the medical detachment, Sixth Engineers, Third Division. Private Teiseth was small in stature - hbarely able to get within the lowered physical requirements - but the following citation from General Pershing demonstrated that he was a hero: "Private Jacob B. Teiseth (deceased) medical detachment, Sixth Engineers. Distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against an armed enemy of the United States at Claires Chenes Woods, France, on 20 October 1918, and in recognition of his gallant conduct I have awarded him, in the name of the President, the Distinguished Service Cross. Awarded on 20 November 1918. John J. Pershing, Commander in Chief." His unit had 149 battle deaths. He was survived by a sister, Mrs. Lars Husby, of East Stanwood, and by a mother in Norway.

Guy L. Cooper of Everett, was another boy to make the supreme sacrifice in France. Four brothers from this family, sons of Mr. and Mrs. E. A. Cooper, were in the service. Guy Cooper entered Camp Lewis, was transferred to Camp Kearney, and sent to France, where he became a member of the famous Twentyeighth Division. He went into action in September, was wounded, and died from the wounds three months and one day after entering Camp Lewis.

Mr. and Mrs. R. L. Johnstone of Arlington had five sons and one son-in-law in the war. Lieut. Malcolm MacLaren Johnstone was killed in action in France while serving with Company D, Second Engineers, Second Division. His death occurred June 4, 1918, on the Chateau-Thierry front, he being instantly killed by a high explosive shell. His commanding officer, in writing of Lieutenant Johnstone, said: "No officer of our splendid regiment was more popular with both officers and men." His brothers in the service were Allan J. A., Robert V., Norman S., and Colin H.

One other: family from Snohomish County furnished five men. These were the sons of Mr. and Mrs. W. D. Morse of Snohomish. The five boys were Kirkwood Morse, Richard G. Morse, William M. Morse, Harry B. Morse, and Julius Morse. All five served in the navy. Kirkwood, a chief gunner, was injured in an explosion on the Manley, March 19, 1918, and was retired from the service from wounds he received at that time.

Private Joseph J. Sangston of Everett was another boy to lose his life in the Argonne Forest in France. He entered Camp Lewis June 24, 1918, and in France became a member of Company C, Three Hundred and Fifth Infantry, Seventyseventh Division. On October 13, 1918, while fighting with the "Metropolitan Division" he met his death. His first sergeant, a New York boy, reported upon his death as follows: 'Private Sangston met his death in the Argonne Forest October 13, 1918, in a brave attempt to rescue a comrade whom he believed to be wounded. However, his comrade was dead. Sangston volunteered to take out a stretcher with Private Kolb and Corporal Sheridan to bring back Private Lout, who was lying directly in front of a Boche machine gun nest. The trio got within three feet of their fallen comrade when the machine gun crew opened up, and Sangston was practically riddled by the fire. Corporal Sheridan was also wounded. Private Kolb was the only one who returned uninjured."

O02 History Of Snohomish County

Four men from this county served with the Eighteenth Engineers in France. Lieut. Russell D. Farris resigned a commission in the Washington Coast Artillery in July, 1917, to enlist in the Engineers, and went to France as a master engineer with the Eighteenth. He was later given a commission with the Artillery in France, and saw service with the British, French and Americans. Lieut. Ed G. Tarbell, also of Everett, rose to a commission in France in the Infantry, after serving with the Eighteenth Engineers, and saw battle service. A. B. Cutter of Everett, prominent locally, rose to the rank of major in France, with this unit; and received decorations from the Americans, French and Italians. Herman Saupe of Snohomish died with this unit December 27, 1917. He was a nephew of William Whitfield, and son of Mr. and Mrs. E. Saupe, Snohomish pioneers.

Private Charles E. Hall of Everett was the only man from the county who was a member of the famous 'Lost Battalion,' commanded by Major Whittlesey, in their memorable experiences in the Meuse-Argonne. This unit of the Three Hundred and Eighth Infantry was cut off from the division for six days, starting on October 2, 1918. Private Hall acted as a runner for the battalion, and was wounded in action.

Indian Patriots

The Tulalip Indians furnished their share of men for the armed forces of our country. 'The names of these men were James Elson, Alphonsus Bob, Aloysius Shelton, Clarence Shelton, Robert E. Shelton, Edward Williams, Ezra Hatch, Louis Thomas and Levi Lamont. James Elson fought with the Thirtieth Infantry in France, distinguished himself at Bois de la Cote Lemont, was recommended for a citation, only to die of pneumonia on December 11, 1918, while marching into Germany. Alphonsus Bob was another Tulalip Indian to die during his service. He went to France with the Ninety-first Division, and died there September 27, 1918, less than two months after entering Camp Lewis.

Red Cross Activities

The Red Cross perfected a wonderful organization in Snohomish County during the early days of the war, and throughout the conflict performed masterful services. On April 7, 1917, over 100 women met in Snohomish to organize a branch, and Mrs. Rose N. Turner was elected president. Mrs. F. W. Setton was chosen as secretary, and Mrs. C. W. Gorham treasurer. This branch was assisted in its organization at that meeting by women from the Everett organization.

Two days later about thirty-five women of Monroe organized a branch. Mrs. Frank Phelps was chosen president and Mrs. Wedel secretary. A finance committee was selected consisting of Mrs. F. W. Thedinga, Mrs. C. L. Newcomb and Mrs. J. W. Augustine.

On the [5th the Edmonds branch was organized, with Mrs. D. B. Burbank chosen as chairman. Mrs. Minnie V. Hall was chosen vice chairman, Mrs. C. T. Roscoe secretary, and Pearl Jones treasurer.

On the 19th Mrs. L. C. Palmer of Arlington made a call for the ladies of that city to meet on the 23rd to perfect a branch there. This was done, at the Hotel Royal, with nineteen charter members. Officers elected were, Mrs. E. E. Mose, chairman; Mrs. Charles E. Harris, vice chairman; Miss Garnet Kernaghan, treasurer; and Miss Ethel Taylor, secretary.

On the same day the Granite Falls Red Cross branch was organized, with the following officers: Mrs. I. Southard, chairman; Miss Jessie Gray, vice chairman; Miss Theresa Giesen, secretary; Mrs. George Cook, treasurer.

On May 11 the annual meeting of the Everett Red Cross was held in the Commercial Club rooms, and William Howarth was made chairman of the finance committee. The following officers were elected: Mrs. J. A. Coleman, chairman; Mrs. John F. Manning, vice chairman; Mrs. William Pilz, secretary; Leonard Crosby, treasurer; Donald C. Barnes, chairman of the relief committee; J. A. Coleman, counsel. At this time there were branches at Arlington, Edmonds, Granite Falls, Monroe, Sultan, Stanwood, Snohomish and Three Lakes.

On May 18 the Everett Red Cross started its drive for 5,000 members. Each branch in the county did likewise, with the result that at Arlington a week later there were 416 members, a gain of 352 new members. Monroe added 412 new members, bringing its membership to 470. This same proportion of increase was made by every local branch, the people of the county responding readily to the call for new members. There were 14,470 members in the county at the end of the drive.

Index organized a branch on May 27th, as did Startup on the same day. Stanwood perfected a branch, with George M. Mitchell as chairman; Mrs. Lee, vice chairman; Mrs. Effie Davis, secretary; and W. C. Brockaw, treasurer.

On June 5 it was announced that Mrs. John F. Manning, Dr. J. F. Manning, William Howarth, W. W. Blain and Fred W. Witham had been selected to manage the campaign for Everett and Snohomish County in raising the quotas for the $1,000,000 drive in the State of Washington. Mr. Howarth was given general charge of the drive for the county. This drive started June 18, and by June 26 Everett and Lowell had subscribed $55,009.15, with a total for the county of $75,308.73. Everett's quota was $35,000, with a total for the county of $45,000. Junior Red Cross charters were also established throughout the schools of the county, and by March 7, 1918, there were 6,068 children enrolled in this work.

A second Red Cross drive for war funds occurred during the week of May 20 to 27, 1918; and again William Howarth was chairman, with a fine organization perfected in Everett and in each locality of the county. The county's quota for the second drive was $43,500. The amount subscribed was $118,912.99. As an example of the way the people of the county responded to the call, Sultan oversubscribed its quota 884 per cent; Arlington 640 per cent; Granite Falls 528 per cent; Three Lakes 552 per cent; Stanwood 506 per cent. Everett raised nearly $68,000, while its quota was $29,150.

At the annual meeting of the Snohomish County Red Cross held in Everett October 8, 1918, Mrs. J. A. Coleman was again elected chairman; Mrs. R. B. Williams, vice chairman; Mrs. William Pilz, secretary; E. M. Metzger, treasurer ; D. C. Barnes, chairman of civilian relief; William Howarth, chairman of finance; A. C. Roberts, chairman of the Junior Red Cross; and J. A. Coleman, councilor.

The report at this time showed seventeen branches in the county, and fortyeight auxiliaries among the churches and schools of Everett. It also showed that the output of the chapter from June, 1917, to October, 1918, was: Surgical dress-

Tribute To William Howarth

The name of William Howarth stood out prominently in the war history of Snohomish County. He was greatly respected before the war as a most generous employer of labor at the Everett Pulp and Paper Company plant at Lowell; but it took the war to endear him to the entire county. His Red Cross leadership is familiar to everyone. In recognition of his splendid services, a representative gathering at the Elks' Lodge in Everett on January 6, 1919, presented him with an American flag, which bore the following inscription, engraved on the gold plate affixed to the mahogany staff:

Presented to Wiliam Howarth by His Fellow Citizens of Snohomish Co., Wash., In Recognition of his Inspiring Leadership In the Many Drives So Ably Directed By Him During the Great War. January, 1919.

The flag was presented to Mr. Howarth just prior to his departure for California to enjoy a well earned vacation. Mr. Howarth throughout the war typified American patriotism in giving money without stint, intelligent services constantly, and setting an example of inspiration to assist in the various lines of war work in the county.

County Council Of Patriotic Service

Auxiliary chairmen for the various towns of the county were also chosen, and included B. F. Bird, Snohomish; E. M. Stephens, Monroe; G. M. Mitchell, Stanwood; Thomas A. Casey, Sultan; George Startup, Startup; S. T. Smith, Marysville; George Murphy, Arlington, and L. H. Lewis, Edmonds.

Liberty Loan Drives

Snohomish County citizens did their full share in furnishing financial assistance to the government during the war. Each quota in every call for assistance was gladly and promptly met, and a generous over-subscription the rule. At the end of the First Liberty Loan drive, June 14, 1917, William C. Butler, president of the First National Bank in Everett announced that the city had subscribed for bonds in the sum of $484,400, which was 25 per cent over the amount asked. This same over-subscription occurred in each community in the county.

Robert Moody was chairman of the Second Liberty Loan drive for Snohomish and Island counties, and on October 29, 1917, he announced the total sale as about $1,510,000.

The Third Liberty Loan campaign opened April 6, 1918, with Robert Moody again chairman. On April 18 he announced that the county had subscribed for $1,654,850 worth of these bonds, while our quota was but $822,000. Everett invested $925,100 in the issue, while it was asked to subscribe for but $545,000 worth.

Mr. Moody was again chairman of the Fourth Liberty Loan drive in October, 1918. The county's quota was $1,716,200, with $1,890,450 subscribed. Everett's quota of $1,100,000 was raised, and an additional $18,000 subscribed.

In the final, or Victory Loan drive, Sales Manager Roger Manning and Secretary K. K. Carrick of the Snohomish County Liberty Loan Committee announced on May 9, 1919, that every district had more than met its quota. As an example of what was done in this drive, their report showed that Tulalip had made the remarkable record of subscribing for twenty-five times its allotment, raising $75,000, while the amount required was but $3,000.

During all of these drives such men as George M. Mitchell, of Stanwood; Fred McCann and S. T. Smith, of Marysville; George Murphy, of Arlington; Whit H. Clark, of Monroe; C. W. Gorham, of Snohomish; L. W. Lewis, of Edmonds; Phil Hingson, of Index; W. M. Jenkins, of Sultan; William Shelton, of Tulalip; and K. K. Carrick, Roger Manning, Charles Maybury, Lew V. Day, and many others in Everett performed valuable services and devoted much of their time and energy to the successful conclusion of the work at hand.

As an example of the way employes responded to the call for funds, the men working in the local lumber mills can be cited. Frank Martin, one of the foremost war workers of the county, issued a statement on May 10, 1919, showing that the men employed in the Weyerhaeuser lumber mills in Everett subscribed for a total of $240,200 worth of Liberty Bonds during the five drives. Employer and employe alike did everything asked of them. During the Second Liberty Loan L. L. Crosby, of the First National Bank of Everett, announced that the Everett Pulp and Paper Company had invested $100,000 in war bonds; and that the family of William Howarth had purchased $30,000 of the issue.

Other War Drives

The United War Work campaign between November 11 and 18, 1918, was another call for funds. The quota for Everett and Snohomish County was $69,- 393, Everett's allotment being $43,378. William Howarth, who was connected with most of the drives during the war, was county chairman, and J. H. Carter, of Everett, was publicity manager. The county raised $88,502, an even $50,000 being subscribed in Everett.

The Armenian Relief drive opened on March 8, 1919, with A. A. Brodeck, chairman; E. C. Olson, secretary and treasurer; Robert Moody, E. M. Metzger, A. M. Chitty, Peter N. Stankovitch, Lew Day and Rev. Edgar M. Rogers, as the committee in charge. The quota for the county was $11,565, the money to be used for the relief of destitute women and children in Armenia, Caucasus, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Mesopotamia and Persia. This drive was met with the same generous response by the citizens of the county.

Other War Activities

Judge Ralph C. Bell was chairman of the Legal Advisory Board which included nearly every attorney in the county, all of whom contributed much time and effort to the work. 7

The Twelfth Company Auxiliary was organized on May 17, 1917, with Mrs. George Deering as president. Other officers elected at that time were Mrs. Dan Currie, vice-president; Mrs. J. H. Mitchell, secretary; and Miss Mae Weatherbee, treasurer. This organization did much to assist in war work in general, paying particular attention to the members of Twelfth Company from Everett.

On October 22, 1917, the National League for Women's Service in Everett appointed new officers, with Mrs. J. F. Manning as county chairman. The new officers were Mrs. M. M. Smith, vice chairman; Mrs. A. D. Lucas, chairman of finance; Mrs. R. R. McPhail, secretary; Mrs. R. A. Quigley, treasurer; Mrs. Susan A. Gowan, chairman of society committee; Mrs. M. S. Arnold, chairman of home economics; Mrs. C. B. W ight, chairman of motor division; Miss Mae Weatherbee, chairman of general service; Mrs. William Hulbert, chairman of war mothers; Mrs. J. E. Stone, chairman of overseas relief work; Mrs. M. T. Winter, chairman of hostesses; Mrs. Bert Larish, chairman of teas.

The Everett Daily Herald, along with other notable war work contributed by the press of the county, conducted a tobacco fund campaign for the men under arms; and through small donations collected several hundred dollars for this purpose.

Everett furnished several men who were faithful members of the Four Minute Men. These were R. J. Faussett, S. A. Bostwick, A. W. Swanson, W. W. Black, H. W. Holmes, and W. G. Shepard. These men devoted a great deal of their time to speaking in all campaigns during the war, and their work resulted in noteworthy accomplishments.

Military Organizations

When the Second Washington Infantry and Coast Artillery companies were mustered into service at the commencement of the war, Washington was left without any local soldiers. To provide a force at home, the state thereupon began plans to replace these units, and the Washington State Guard was formed, with Company C at Everett and Company D at Snohomish. Active enlistments in these two companies began August 1, 1917. C. A. Turner was chosen captain of the Everett company, and Philip O. McKee captain of the Snohomish company. When Captain Turner resigned to enter active service, Lieutenant B. W. Paschke was selected as captain of the Everett unit. Noah Shakespeare and W. H. Mason, Everett lawyers, were then selected as first and second lieutenants of Company C. Herbert C. Halterman and Ralph E. Main were the lieutenants chosen for the Snohomish company.

Later Captain Paschke was made a major, Shakespeare becoming captain, Mason advancing to first lieutenant, and Sergeant Fred A. Milheim being promoted to second lieutenant. |

These two companies were at this time in no sense national guardsmen; but during the latter part of 1917 steps were taken to re-organize for the purpose of qualifying for nationalization. This was accomplished, the regiment becoming what is now the Third Regiment, National Guard of Washington. In the reorganization Major Paschke again became captain of the company at Everett, renamed Company M, with Mason and Milheim as lieutenants. Captain Shakespeare was transferred to the Judge Advocate General's office.

During the period of the war these two companies took an active part in war work at home and accomplished much good as a factor in preventing any threatened disturbances locally. Many men who later entered the war first went through these two companies, and received their preliminary training with them.

Notable Demonstrations

It will undoubtedly be years until larger and more enthusiastic de:nonstrations and parades will occur in this county in comparison to those of 1917 and 1918.

The first big war demonstration was in Everett on April 25, 1917. It was planned by the Everett EIks. Mayors D. D. Merrill of verett, and J. W. Hall of Snohomish, issued proclamations declaring the day a legal holiday, as did other communities. This was perhaps the largest parade ever held in Everett, actual count placing the number in line at close to eight thousand. It was led by Captain Samuel Mellison, Indian War veteran, who always led Everett parades. Six bands participated, including the Bremerton Naval Band, Seattle Firemen's Band, Grinnell's Band, and the A. F. of M. Band. Military organizations, including Company M, 2nd Washington Infantry, 12th Company, C. A. C., and 5th Company, C. A. C.; lodges, school children, veterans of previous wars, Red Cross members, Tulalip Indians, and large delegations from every community in the county were in line. Banners of all kinds were carried, including one from Arlington bearing the words, "We want peace and will fight for it." Hon. Will H. Thompson, of Seattle, delivered an address after the parade, to arouse enthusiasm for the forthcoming Liberty Loan drive.

On April 17, 1918, Arlington witnessed the largest parade which ever occurred on its streets. A military touch was given by units of the Spruce Division stationed in the county, and by the presence of Co. M, 3rd Washington Infantry. Will H. Thompson, of Seattle, spoke to the audience. It was estimated that over 6,000 visitors gathered in Arlington from various parts of the county. On May 4, 1918, Stanwood was the scene of a large gathering. To lend interest to the day a battalion drill by Co. M, of Everett, Co. D, of Snohomish, and the Bellingham company of the newly organized National Guard regiment assembled for manceuvers. Major Paschke commanded the battalion, Lieutenant W. H. Mason the Everett company, and Captain Phil McKee, the Snohomish company. A large crowd from all parts of the county witnessed the manceuvers, after which the ladies of Stanwood served the guardsmen with a bounteous lunch. Patriotic citizens of Everett, Snohomish and Bellingham donated the use of cars to take the guardsmen to Stanwood. | parades of 1917, and 1918, were ones that will be hard to equal in the future for size and interest. Nor should we forget the Hewitt Avenue scene of March 12, 1919, when "our boys" began to reach home. This was the day when members of the 63rd Artillery reached Everett from their experiences in France. It was three minutes before noon when the first section of the troop train carrying 454 men and sixteen officers stopped at the Everett depot. The street had been lined for hours in anticipation of the homecoming, the Everett guardsmen doing guard duty around the depot. It was estimated that 15,000 people participated in the demonstration of welcome that met the Snohomish County boys this first day at home after months of war service. The day brought forth smiles, tears, silence and cheers, mingled in such manner that none present that day will ever forget. After parading through town, the men were feasted at the Pastime Pool Room by ladies of the city, and the officers dined at the Elks Club. A second train arrived a few hours later, when a second welcome was given. These demonstrations will always stand out in the history of the county during our participation in the World war.

Armistice Celebration

Everett held its own in celebrating the Armistice. Coming unexpectedly and at an hour when many were asleep was no drawback to properly acknowledging the event. By means of whistles, telephone calls, honking of auto horns, dragging of tin cans tied to motor vehicles, and other effective means, the city was aroused from its slumber and the noise augmented. There was no work in Everett on the 11th of November. The whole county seemed to gather in Everett. The paper mill, all lumber and shingle mills in the city, and every other industrial concern closed shop for the day. An impromptu parade was formed, everybody joining in. Commissioner of Public Safety T. J. Kelly headed the parade. Lodges, mill workers, school children, employers and employes of every station of life joined ranks in the outpouring of gladness and relief. The Rotarians dug up the old city hall bell, and it was hauled around town in a truck, loudly ringing the glad tidings of peace. All thoughts of doing anything but giving expression to feelings long pent up were banished, and joyful crowds thronged the streets of Everett throughout the day.

Snohomish County suffered heavily during the war. One hundred and twentyfour men and two Red Cross nurses were killed or died in the service. Men from this county served in almost every fighting division organized in France. The losses in deaths were particularly heavy among the men who served with the 91st Division. This, of course, was natural, for the "Wild West" Division contained several hundred men from this county, and the unit suffered 1,390 deaths in battle. W. H. Mason, in his war history of the county, compiled a complete casualty list for the county, and his record shows the following deaths:

Ansel, George E., Everett. Private, Co. I, 321st Infantry, 61st Division. Died in France November 13, 1918, from wounds received November 11, 1918.

Bruseth, Joseph E., Arlington. Private, Co. L, 111th Infantry, 28th Division. Died in France, October 4, 1918, from wounds received in action.

Faulkner, Earl M., Everett. Private, Co. A, 7th M. G. Bn., 3rd Division. Killed in action at Chateau-Thierry, June 13, 1918. Awarded a posthumous Croix de Guerre.

Freese, Frank William, Edmonds. Private, Co. L, 126th Infantry, 32nd Division. Died in France October 19, 1918, from wounds received in action. Awarded a posthumous Croix de Guerre. .

Krentz, Ernest R., Everett. Sergeant, Co. B, 361st Infantry, 91st Division. Killed in action October 3, 1918. Received a posthumous citation.

Stiefvater, Bernard F., Lowell. Fireman, U. S. Navy. Lost his life when the William Rockefeller was sunk by a German submarine, May 18, 1918.

Wilson, Chester W., Arlington. Private, University of Washington Ambulance Unit, Section No. 570. Killed in accident in France January 15, 1918.

Post War History

PORT OF EVERETT CREATED - HEALTH STATISTICS - DEATH OF JOHN T. McCHESNEY - CHANGE AND PROGRESS- - STORY OF EVERETT POSTOFFICE - STREET CAR TRACKS JUNKED - MONTE CRISTO HOTEL - PROSPERITY REIGNS IN 1926 - RECENT ACTIVITIES - A CITY OF DESTINY.

In the last year of the war, 1918, Everett began to prepare for future industrial and commercial expansion, and on April 8 the business men of Everett petitioned the county commissioners for the creation of a port district, the original petition being for a district composed of only part of the county, which after several hearings the county commissioners, J. C. Falconer, John L. Boyle and C. H. Quast, increased to take in the entire county and ordered a special election for June 18; but the original petitioners then withdrew the petition, W. A. Johnson, E. M. Metzger and D. D. Merrill acting for the petitioners. On May 27 a new petition was presented describing the present port district area, eliminating Snohomish, Arlington, Silvana and Stanwood, and the special election of July 13 validated the creation of the Port of Everett district, of the total vote of 1,789 only 57 being cast against the proposition, and A. D. McAdam, Chas. W. Miley and Albert W. Burke being elected as the first port commissioners. One of the ambitious war industry ventures, materialized, unfortunately, too late in the war period, was a complete modern shipbuilding plant, established on the waterfront near the foot of 25th Street, south of the old flour mill; the plant was ready for full operation early in the autumn of 1918, had been accepted as fit by the government and had several contracts for new steamships, but the armistice of November 11 proved fatal to the industry ; the stock company soon fell into the hands of a receiver, the plant was dismantled, the machinery sold and in 1925 the old shipyard building was torn down and the site cleared for normal industrial use.

Health Statistics

The health of the people of Everett continued its excellent record, for the census of 1920 showed that the annual death rate was but 10.7 per thousand population and the mortality of children under five years was 21.6 per thousand, the lowest recorded in comparison with mortality in the leading eastern and middle western cities. One of the novel industries established in 1921 was the manufacture of alder clothes pins and wooden plugs for paper rolls; this was an auxiliary industry in connection with a new shingle mill built by the Irving-Dougherty Company at Blackman's Point, now employing forty men, the officers of the company being Joseph Irving, president, J. A. Dougherty, vice president, and J. Alexander, secretary-treasurer. By this time, Everett had become a considerable salmon packing center, the Everett Packing Company having a total pack of 100,000 cases, and employing 400 men, and the American Packing Company 60,000 cases, and employing 140 men. In fact, Snohomish County was rapidly advancing as a manufacturing district, and the Everett Chamber of Commerce in 1922 reported 294 factories of different kinds operating in the county in that year, with an annual production valued at more than $50,000,000. Twenty-three mills cutting lumber exclusively in 1922 had a combined output of 836,035,000 feet ; 24+ exclusive shingle mills and eight mills cutting both lumber and shingles, cut 1,506,009,000 shingles, the market values of the products being $20,900,875 for lumber and $4,894,529 for shingles, a grand total of $25,795,404. The Sauk River Lumber Company was organized in 1922, with N. C. Jamison president, Joseph Irving vice-president, W. C. Butler treasurer and A. H. B. Jordan secretary, and the company built a fifteen-mile railroad from Sauk to Darrington as an artery of its modern timber camp, employing 300 men by 1926 and equipped to deliver 100,000,000 feet of timber annually.

Death Of John T. M Chesney

Over a period of twenty-one years that were the most abundantly fruitful and substantial in the history of the city, John T. McChesney, as president and general manager of the Everett Improvement Company, had been foremost in practically all movements for the upbuilding of the city; he was a man of dynamic personality and extraordinary energy, qualities which he taxed to the limit throughout his city-building years in Everett. In the winter of 1921-22, this tremendous physical and mental pressure began to affect his health. Early in the summer he was persuaded to journey to California in the hope of restoring his wonted vigor, and while there specialists performed a surgical operation, but the result did not bring the relief hoped for, and late in the summer Mr. McChesney returned to Everett, though in less feeble health than when he left for the south. He died on Sunday evening, September 10, 1922, in his home at 2230 Rucker Avenue. Annoncement of the death of this resourceful and creative leader of the Smokestack City was received with manifest regret throughout the Pacific northwest, and was a memorable shock to all the people of Everett and Snohomish County. The leading editorial appearing in the Everett Herald next day doubtless reflected the uniform sentiment and judgment of the entire city and county, and is therefore thought to be worthy of reproduction here in full:

"In the death of John T. McChesney, Everett loses a valuable citizen. To no single man does the city owe more. His ability to organize, his foresight, that quality in him which inspired confidence in his judgment on the part of those with whom he came in contact, meant the turning of the tide in Everett's affairs, and would have meant still more to this city had Mr. McChesney's health and other circumstances permitted. |

'Mr. McChesney had a keen mind and a strong personality that made him a power in any community and in any situation. In business dealings he was just and generous. Seemingly austere in manner, beneath his austerity was a nature that was sensitive and kind. His wide circle of friends in the Northwest and in all parts of the country attests to these qualities, as well as to his high mental powers.

"Mr. McChesney left his mark on this city and on the Northwest, for he was one of the builders of this new country. He was a pioneer in the sense that the organizer and the man with vision has his very important part to play, as well as he who bears the physical hardships of pioneering. This city has suffered a real loss."

Mr. McChesney was a native of Virginia, born in Staunton, in 1857. His father was a physician who lost a fortune during the Civil war, when Staunton was a battleground of the opposing armies, leaving the McChesney family practically stripped of its possessions. After the war young McChesney worked his way through Washington and Lee University, receiving a master's degree. Thereafter for a tume he was associated with the McCormick Harvester Company, and later removed to Aberdeen, S. D., where he established the First National Bank, was associated for a time with Robert Moody, now of the First National Bank of Everett, and served a term as mayor of Aberdeen. Mr. McChesney and Miss Clara Brooks of Burlington, Iowa, were united in marriage, after which Mr. McChesney accepted the general management of a townsite company at Chattanooga, Tenn., leaving Mr. Moody in charge of the Aberdeen bank. His organizing and constructive genius was markedly demonstrated at Chattanooga, and at the conclusion of his work there in the late nineties he went to New York City. His achievements in Tennessee had attracted the attention of some of the leading empire builders of the country; among these was the celebrated James J. Hill of St. Paul, builder of the Great Northern Railway system. Mr. Hill met Mr. Mc- Chesney and persuaded the young man to come to Everett and form an organization to take up the city-building work laid down by the old Everett Land Company in 1899, and the result was the beginning of the Everett Improvement Company, the entire control and holdings of which Mr. Hill a few years later induced Mr. McChesney to take over; he developed the city water, light and street railway systems, organized the American National Bank and built the modern American Bank Block (now First National Bank, the two banks later consolidating under that name) and erected the Everett Improvement Company dock on the harbor front, at the same time leading in or contributing liberally to many other upbuilding enterprises. He was survived by his wife and three children, Frank W. McChesney, still a resident of Everett; Virginia, wife of Henry Pepper Scott, Jr., of Wilmington, Del., and Ruth, wife of Muir Duffield of Detroit, Mich.; also ten grandchildren, three sisters and two brothers.

The funeral services were held in the bereaved home at 1:30 o'clock Tuesday afternoon, September 12, 1922, while all the flags of the city fluttered at halfmast, and in response to the proclamation of Mayor W. H. Clay, all the industries and business houses of the city closed their doors or entirely ceased operation during five minutes, beginning at 1:30 P. M., in silent tribute to the dead city-builder, the mayor's proclamation well saying that such was a fitting farewell in honor of "our distinguished citizen, who has been foremost in the upbuilding of our city from its very early history, and the real leader for many years in its industrial growth." The modest funeral services at the stricken home on Rucker Avenue and Twenty-third Street were conducted by Rev. Geo. T. Gunter, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, and the members of the Rotary Club were present in a body, the Elks Lodge and the Cascade Club being also well represented, these being organizations of which he had been a most valued member. Later, services were held in the Bonney-Watson Chapel, Seattle, to which city the body was conveyed for cremation.

Change And Progress

Soon after the death of President McChesney the Everett Improvement Company sold its dock and harbor facilities to Capt. Harry Ramwell, who about the same time took charge under lease of the great ocean dock and warehouse known as Oriental Dock, at the foot of California Avenue, which had been erected by the Great Northern Railway Company at a cost of more than $300,000 in 1907 and 1908, 144 by 800 feet, ostensibly to handle wheat and flour shipments over the Pacific Ocean, the giant Hill steamships Minnesota and Dakota being then in the Oriental trans-Pacific service, the largest vessels ever to operate on the great ocean, each more than 28,000 tons; but in 1922 the great dock had been idle for a number of years, or since the close of the World war, and needed repairs and improvements, which Captain Ramwell provided in his usual thorough manner. The years 1907-1909, by the way, were noteworthy years of Great Northern building activity, the new passenger station being built during the year beginning in August, 1908, at a cost of about $100,000, upon completion of which Coast Line trains used the lower tracks, instead of the tunnel route, thus saving half an hour's time; this was followed by permanently improving the tunnel through the city, 2,000 feet in length, by taking out the heavy timber lining built in 1900-1902 and putting in a complete cement lining at a cost of more than $300,000; while the terminal yards at Delta, established in 1902, became the largest on the road west of Hillyard, the railroad suburb of Spokane, and when the Milwaukee Railway built to Everett from its main line, in 1909 and 1910, a connecting track was built for it in 1911, the boiler and car shops being built about the same time, at a cost of $100,000. 'The $400,000 steel railroad bridge over the Snohomish River was also a Great Northern product of this period.

Story Of Everett Postoffice

Everett's first postoffice was opened July 1, 1891, in the J. H. Mitchell store building on Bond Street, about where the Great Northern station now stands, and Mrs. J. H. Mitchell was the first postmistress. Charles Murray had been appointed postmaster, but declined to serve, so Mrs. Mitchell remained in charge for three years. She was succeeded in 1894 by Oscar E. Rae, who reopened the office in the building at the corner of Hewitt and Lombard. In 1895 the office was removed to the McCross Block, corner of Oakes and Hewitt, where it remained until 1899, when it was removed to the Wisconsin Block, Hoyt and Hewitt, remaining there until 1909. The office was then installed in the Union Trust Company's building at the corner of Hoyt and California avenues, remaining there until finally removed to the present Federal Building, in August, 1917.

Oscar E. Rae was succeeded as postmaster by James M. Vernon, who served the city twenty years in that capacity, until his death, January 29, 1926. Hugh Nolan was postmaster from 1915 to May 15, 1917, and Charles A. Cole from the latter date till May 15, 1921. N. J. Craigue was appointed acting postmaster February 12, 1926, and was appointed postmaster for the four-year term June 23, 1926. J. H. Mitchell, who conducted the first Everett postoffice when all mail came by rowboat from Mukilteo, has spent many years in service in the office and is still stationed in the postmaster's office, Mr. Mitchell having at this time served eighteen years as assistant postmaster.

The Everett postoffice became a third-class office July 1, 1897, and qualified as an office of the first class July 1, 1904, when the annual receipts exceeded $30,000. The free delivery service was established in 1900 with four carriers, Ralph Coon, John Godfrey, Claud P. Smith and Wilmot H. Armstrong, two of whom, Godfrey and Smith, are still in service, while Armstrong has retired and Coon now resides in Chicago. At this time O. L. Powell is superintendent and Charles P. Murdock foreman of the special delivery carrier service, which is maintained by twenty-one carriers, besides three parcel post delivery men and three rural delivery carriers. The heads of the post office establishment, include the postmaster and assistant postmaster, and four supervisors, and in the several departments twenty clerks are employed.

In 1915 Congress appropriated $300,000 for the construction of the present modern reinforced cement Federal Building and postoffice at the southwest corner of Colby Avenue and Wall Street. The supervising architect was Oscar Wenderoth, and the contractors who erected the structure were Henrikson & Company, Inc., of Seattle. The building has a full basement and two floors in the superstructure, and the total cost was $260,000, leaving approximately $40,000 of the appropriation unexpended. The structure was completed and furnished in the summer of 1917, the post office occupying the entire main floor. The Civil Service department is in the basement, and on the second floor are the two internal revenue offices, United States Customs, United States District Post Office Inspector's office, and the offices of the Snohomish County Extension Service in charge of County Agent Arnold Z. Smith.

Street Car Tracks Junked

Probably the most noteworthy change and improvement in Everett's city affairs in recent years took place in 1923, when the rails of all but one of the city street railway lines were taken up from the center of the streets, and the relieved area formed a solid pavement from curb to curb, unbroken by tracks, the only line remaining undisturbed and continuing operation being the branching Lowell line, to the widely separated communities of Lowell and Delta, serving the numerous industries at Lowell and the Weyerhaeuser Mills B and C, at the mouth of the river. More than half a dozen complete lines were thus eliminated from the city's busy thoroughfares, a radical change which was at once greatly appreciated, especially in the down-town business section, making Hewitt Avenue, for instance, a smooth and spacious novelty in the way of a business center, Everett being the first of the larger cities of the United States to eliminate rails from business streets, the passenger traffic being satisfactorily carried, and with far less con-

In 1923 the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company erected a model office building in connection with Mill A, built entirely of native woods and bringing out the rich qualities of our woods in interior finishing and decoration. In the same year this company purchased two of the large steamships built for the United States Government during the war, and in the following year bought two more of these great steel carriers from the United States Shipping Board. The Walton Veneer Company was formed in 1923, with E. O. Walton as president, and established one of the finest veneer factories in the world on the south side of the Snohomish River near the Northern Pacific Railroad bridge, giving employment to 225 men. In 1924 Roland H. Hartley became president of the Clough-Hartley Lumber Company, owing to the death of Governor D. M. Clough; the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company built Mill C, a compressed air and electric plant specially designed to handle hemlock timber, and Captain Ramwell organized the General Petroleum Company, establishing his storage and distributing plant on the harbor front.

The Cherry Valley Logging Company, organized July 7, 1912, and maintaining its headquarters in the Wisconsin Block, Everett, with T. M. Williams as general manager, R. A. McDonald superintendent and A. J. Corcoran purchasing agent, was operating extensively in Southeastern Snohomish County, where it built thirty miles of logging railway equipped with four oil-burning locomotives. Its camp was one of the major logging outfits of the Northwest, operating six slides, employing 400 men and delivering about 700,000 feet of logs daily. On February 1, 1925, the community was stirred by the death of William H. Bonner, manager of the Weyerhaeuser Timber Co., and who was succeeded by Edward B. Wight, former assistant manager. On July 5, 1925, the Everett Daily News issued a noteworthy historical edition of seven sections, reviewing the industrial, commercial, civic and social activities of the city.

Monte Cristo Hotel

The outstanding institutional achievement of 1925 was the financing and completion of the splendid new Monte Cristo Hotel, occupying a central business site of a fourth of a block at the northeast corner of Hoyt Avenue and Wall Street. The original Monte Cristo Hotel, the pride and boast of Everett's pioneering days, had been torn down, and in its place now stands the greater establishment of Providence Hospital. The need of a well appointed and commodious commercial and tourist hotel inspired the organization of the Monte Cristo Hotel Company, capitalized at $500,000, and headed by A. A. Wood as president and general manager, and this corporation proposed to adequately supply this need if the citizens provided $115,000 of the capital required. The Everett Chamber of Commerce, of which Arthur H. Kinney was then president, headed a campaign to raise the money by popular subscription to the stock of the company, and succeeded so well that considerably more than the amount required was fully subscribed during a well planned and organized intensive campaign begun early in 1924. Alexander & MacNeil of Mount Vernon, stockholders in the company, were awarded the contract for the construction of the five-story modern hotel, which was fully completed, furnished and equipped on time, although in the later weeks of construction day and night shifts of workmen were employed, and the hotel was formally opened at an all-day reception for public inspection, and a dinner dance in the dining room and lobby in the evening, May 29, 1925. The establishment, one of the finest caravansaries in the state, cost nearly $40,000 more than the original plans contemplated, the total exceeding $535,000, but the institution was so satisfactory to the local and traveling public that Manager Wood and his associates gladly invested the additional capital. In 1925, Everett gained two as fine office buildings as can be found in any city of its size - the Central Building, corner of Hewitt and Rockefeller, and the Medical and Dental Building, corner of California and Colby.

Prosperity Reigns In 1926

The year 1926 up to the present time has brought a continuance of the substantial activity and growth in Everett's industrial and commercial life, and is closing with many evidences of logical advancement during the coming year of 1927. Increase in the marine commerce of Everett harbor has been marked, especially in the matter of foreign and coastwise cargo shipping, and Captain Ramwell has further improved the harbor radio system he maintains in connection with Pier 3 (Oriental dock) by installing a radio broadcasting outfit at a cost of $5,000, whose powerful influence in the local atmosphere is already somewhat mystifying amateur radio fans with modest receiving sets. Practically all the large industrial plants of the city have received additions or improvements within the past year, and the new lumber plant of the Walton Lumber Company, larger than the one destroyed by fire in the latter part of July, is rising Phoenixlike from the ashes of the old. The most noteworthy improvement in the Everett industrial world, however, that has been completed within the past year, is that of the Everett Pulp & Paper Company's plant, established in 1892, and which ever since that time has been a neverfailing factor in the prosperity and activity of the city, producing book and writing papers of the best quality exclusively and establishing permanent demand for its product throughout the Western states, South America, Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines and other Pacific countries, as more comprehensively explained in Volume II of this work. President and General Manager William Howarth and Vice President A. H. B. Jordan have been in full charge of the management of this splendid establishment during the last thirty years, conducting it with uniform success and developing it into the largest factory of the kind in the State of Washington. In the beginning the daily capacity of the plant was fifteen tons of finished writing or tablet paper; by 1920 this capacity had been increased to thirtyeight tons daily, and in 1925-1926 new buildings and new paper machinery have been added, increasing the daily output to sixty-five tons. The finished product of this plant is now in popular use and demand in the educational institutions of this and other states, in commercial and industrial establishments, in the retail stationery trade and in the production of literary periodicals, such as the Sunset Magazine of San Francisco. In 1902, William Howarth and his brother, Leonard Howarth, joined with A. H. B. Jordan in purchasing the interests of John D. Rockefeller and other stockholders in the establishment, and have since been the sole owners, the present officers being: William Howarth, president and treasurer; A. H. B. Jordan, vice president; Augustus Johnson, secretary; W. J. Pilz, manager and assistant secretary. The prestige which this corporation today enjoys is due to the

The Everett Improvement Company, freed from the Fessonsihility of conducting the principal public utilities, continues to maintain a position of forward-looking influence and civic activity in the city. It is now occupying ground floor offices with D. A. Duryea at 2814 Colby Avenue, and its officers are: J. A. Coleman, president; H. P. Scott, Wilmington, Del., vice president; John R. Dally, second vice president; I. C. Mooney, secretary- easier: The Puget Sound Telephone Company, W. N. Winter, president and manager, with headquarters in Everett, began in 1916 by combining the Sunset and Independent systems with 8,000 subscribers ; in 1926 its headquarters office building at the corner of Rockefeller and California avenues is the central station for 15,400 subscribers, distributed between Seattle and Bellingham, the equipment including 1,000 miles of line poles, 6,000 miles of underground cable, with 18 exchanges and 260 employes, 30 of whom are in the Everett station.