Okanogan County, Washington - Biographical sketches, 1904 (part 2 of 5)

Frank H. Clerf was born near Pawnee City, Nebraska, on April 5, 1878, the son of John P. and ]\Iary (Mullen) Clerf, natives of Germany. The father came to the United States when a boy, and located in Nebraska. Later they came west, and in 1885 located in Kittitas county, Washington. Our subject is the oldest of a family of nine children and received his education from the public schools of his native place and the business college at Tacoma. The father is one of the wealthy land owners and prosperous stock raisers of Kittitas county. As soon as our subject came to manhood he engaged in the stock business himself. He shipped about eight thousand sheep to Montana, and after handling them there for some time, he sold out and located his present place. He then bought sheep in different localities and brought them to Okanogan county, and since that time has devoted himself to the wool growing industry. Much to his credit, it may be stated that he has manifested excellent wisdom and intelligence in this line, so much so that success could but attend his affairs.

Fraternally, Mr. Clerf is affiliated with the I. O. O. F.. being the first one initiated in the Okanogan lodge. Number i86; and with the W. W.

On February 15, 1902, Mr. Clerf married Miss Mary McDonald, of Spokane, where the nuptials were celebrated. Mr. Clerf is a strong Republican, of the kind that is able to give a reason for the hope that is in him. He has overcome the obstacles in the path of the wool grower and is esteemed and respected by all who know him.

SAMUEL J. SINCOCK has shown himself to be one of the most energetic and stirring mining men of Okanogan county. Of late years he has retired more from this line of work and is devoting himself to farming. His estate is located ten miles southeast from Loomis, in Horse Springs coulee, where he has a quarter section of excellent land, which is producing abundant crops of the cereals and vegetables. He also raises hay and some stock.

Samuel J. Sincock was born in the county of Cornwall. England, on November 30. 1850, the son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Hasking) Sincock, also natives of Cornwall county. Our subject gained his education between working hours and sleeping, and as early as seven years of age began to earn his own living. At twelve he began working in the mines, the first day being twenty-eight hundred feet under ground. When nineteen Mr. Sincock was foreman of the timbering department, and in June, 1871, he came from his native land to the United States. He was soon in the Lake Superior copper region, where he operated as shift boss in some of the leading mines.

On Augttst 15, 1874. in Michigan. Mr. Sincock married Miss Mar)' Higgins, also a native of Cornwall county. England. Three years later he went to the Cariboo countrv, British

Columbia, whither his father had preceded him, and for fourteen years he labored there in prospecting and placer mining. The family joined him there after a year and he made money rapidly, but afterward lost heavily. Some of the time he operated a dog train, and this arduous labor in the winter was attended with great hardship and suffering. Many nights he slept on snow fifteen feet deep. In 1891 Mr. Sincock went to Seattle and visited a sister whom he had not seen for twenty years. He soon took a contract for mining work from the Index Company, on Index Mountain. In the spring of 1892 the Baltimore Mining Company, of Seattle, sent him to the west slope of Palmer Mountain, where he took charge of their property. Then later he went to prospecting for himself, and finally took charge of the Wehe consolidated mines. About this time he located his present farm, and soon retired to it.

Mr. Sincock is a member of the I. O. O. F. and has passed all the chairs. He was delegate to the convention at Ellensburg which sent state delegates to nominate ^IcKinley. He has also served as county delegate several times.

To Mr. and Airs. Sincock six children have been bom, William J., of Calumet, Michigan; Mary J., a graduate of the state university in Michigan, who is now teaching; Annie A., a college graduate, teaching in Michigan ; Samuel H.. of Calumet, Michigan; Albert C. and Herbert S., both attending school in Michigan. Mrs. Sincock is in Calumet now. for the purpose of giving the children educational advantages.

ROBERT A. GARRETT is one of the industrious and well to do agriculturists and stock men of Okanogan county. His estate is situated three miles south from Loomis, and was taken by him under the homestead act. It is well improved and laid under tribute to produce bountiful crops of hay and other fruits of the field. Mr. Garrett has his place well irrigated, which makes it exceptionally valuable. He also raises considerable stock, as cattle, horses and hogs.

Robert A. Garrett was bom August 11, 1859, in Buncombe county. North Carolina, the son of John and Julia (Wells) Garrett, natives of South and North Carolina, respectively. The father served through the Civil War in the Confederate army, and is still living in North Caro- lina, aged eighty-five. The mother died in 1898, aged seventy. Our subject is the fourth of a family of nine children, six of whom are now in the east. He grew to manhood in his native place, receiving his education from the public schools. At the age of twenty-one he went to the mines in Colorado, where he wrought for three years. Following this he returned home for a visit, and in 1883 he came to Dayton, \Vashington, and engaged in sawmilling. He then wrought in Walla Walla and Ellensburg, finally locating in the Columbia valley, below Portland, and bought a sawmill, which he operated until the spring of 1891. In the fall of that year Mr. Garrett came to his present place, and here he has lived since. For four years he owned and operated the stage from Oroville to Loomis, and has been engaged in several other enterprises besides farming.

In 1887, while at Dayton, Mr. Garrett married Miss Mary E. Brown, who was born near Salem, Oregon. Her parents, who crossed the plains while they were young, were married in the Williamette valley, and later removed to Dayton, where they died. To our subject and his wife four children have been born, as follows, Elva, Raleigh. Bertie and Geneva. Mr. Garrett is a man well liked, and is known as one of the thrifty, upright and reliable men of the county.

HENRY WELLINGTON, deceased. On June 4, 1903, at the residence of William H. McDaniel, near Loomis, the subject of this obituary passed through the closing scenes of a most active and useful career. Widely known as a man of principle and uprightness and as one of the estimable pioneers of the northwest, Mr. Wellington was mourned by a large circle of friends and when the time came to commit his remains to their last resting place, it was amidst the largest concourse that ever gathered in northern Okanogan county.

Henry Wellington was born in Peru, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, on May 13, 1820. His father, Elisha W., was a sturdy New Englander and raised five boys and two girls. Our subject studied in the public schools and completed his training in the Westfield state normal school. He was a man of intelligence and research and was accredited, as he deserved, a place among the leaders. In his yonger days he was present at the dedication of the Bunker Hill monument, and heard the great orator, Webster, in one of his great speeches at that occasion. He was also present at the inauguration of William Henry Harrison. In 1849 ^^- Wellington sailed from New York to California and from the time that they first struck the Gulf stream the vessel was beset with storms and finaly wrecked off the coast of Chile. Sixty days were spent in passing the Straits of Magellan, where they picked up the survivors of a wrecked ship. One year from the time he left New York he landed in California and there did mining. Later he was in the Eraser river country, after which he traveled to Florence, Idaho. With a party of prospectors he started over the Walla Walla trail, for Portland and suffered on that occasion. In his efforts to assist his comrades Mr. Wellington frosted his feet, which later resulted in the amputation of one of them. After this he came to Colville, where he was in business and also served as county commissioner and deputy collector of customs. In the early eighties he came to Okanogan and engaged in the cattle business, buying the Phelps and Wadley station, now known as the Loomis ranch. He sold this to Mr. Warring, who lived on the Okanogan river, where he made his home until a few years previous to his death. During this year he resided with W. H. McDaniels, at Loomis. Mr. Wellington had nearly lost his eyesight from the effect of cataract and had spent much money in the endeavor to be free from it. Although Mr. Wellington accumulated considerable wealth at times he was in moderate circumstances at the time of his demise. Of him one has said, "An old school gentleman, combative when necessary, but thoughtful and loving with his friends. His picturesque physique and genial personality will be missed in Okanogan countv."

ROBERT R. HARGROVE is well known in the Okanogan country as one of the most industrious, energetic and skillful mining men of the district. He has not only expended a small fortune in the development of mining properties in this section but has also individually driven hundreds of feet of tunnelling and packed tools, blankets and food through the fastnesses of the mountains as occasions required.

Robert R. Hargrove was born in Horsehead, New York, on June 13, 185 1, the son of Ehnus and Susan A. (Wilson) Hargrove, natives of Yates county, New York. He was one of nine children, named as follows. Benjamin F., William H., Robert R., John A., James L., Thomas E., deceased, Herman H., Mrs. Annie E. Kenyon, deceased, jMrs. Martha E. Howard. In 1856 the family removed to Bremer county, Iowa, and in 1880 settled near Parker, South Dakota, where the father died in 1894, aged eighty-four. The mother passed away in 1901, in her eightieth year. Our subject had very little opportunity to gain an education, but through careful study and personal research has made himself a well informed man. At the early age of twelve he began the duties of life for himself and has steadily maintained this ever since. While his parents were living he was frequently found at their home on visits.

In 1873 h^ \yent to Lemars, Iowa, where he was engaged with R. C. Waples until 1877 in running a coal, lumber and wood yard. He also shipped live stock to Chicago, handling many cattle, hogs and horses. Then he journeyed to Colfax. \\'ashington, where in company with Mr. Waples he started a general merchandise establishment and also a branch store at Palouse, yir. Hargrave sold out and went east, then returned to Colfax and operated the Baldwin hotel until 1879, when he opened a saloon in Spokane, it being one of the first there. During the early eighties he was the only one paying cash for county warrants. He continued business and prospered, handling as high as four saloons and two restaurants at one time. He made money rapidly and spent it freely and had men prospecting in various sections of the country. In 1888 he sold out his business in Spokane and came to Okanogan county and since that time has allied himself assiduously with the mining industry of this section. He had a good residence in Conconully, but it was destroyed by the flood, then he removed to Loomis, and in April, 1903. bought his present residence, one mile north of Conconully. which was formerly owned by ex-Governor Laughton and is a large nine room house, pleasantly located.

Mr. Hargrove has spent in all over fifteen thousand dollars cash in developing mining properties here and is largely interested in two groups near Conconully and others near

On June 24, 1882, in Spokane, Mr. Hargrove married Miss Sarah E. Belieu, a native of Roseburg, Oregon. Her father was a minister of the gospel and crossed the plains in 1849. He settled in the W'illamette valley and there married Miss Margaret Gage, who crossed the plains with her parents when young. She was a relative of ex-Secretary Gage. They are now living at Danville, Washington, he in his seventy-eighth and she in her seventy-second year. To Mr. and Mrs. Hargrove four children have been born, Mabel, deceased; Robert C. born October 21, 1884; Etna, deceased; William, born August i, 1893.

WALTER E. LEWIS is recognized by all as a capable man, who has always shown sagacity and uprightness in his work in Okanogan county. He is deserving of and receives the respect and esteem of all, and has many friends in every quarter. At the present time Air. Lewis is operating a dairy on his farm, about three miles north from Loomis. It is a good place and well improved. Plenty of pure water is at hand, and the orchard, in which are all varieties of fruit known to this section, is well irrigated, while other improvements, as comfortable residence, barns, out buildings, fences and so forth are evidences of his thrift. Mr. Lewis is a skillful butter maker and is handling a first-class trade at the present time. He owns a fine band of stock and is interested in mining, having some properties that are showing up well.

Walter E. Lewis was born in Michigan, on August 15, 1856, the son of Edward C. and Mary A. (Stone) Lewis, born in Gloucestershire, England, in 1835, and in Delaware county. New York, in 1835, respectively. At the age of fifteen Mr.' Lewis came from Michigan to Nebraska, whence in 1880 he journeyed to Laramie City, Wyoming. There, on February 16, 1881. he married Miss Dorotha J., daughter of John and Narcissus Hixson, both of whom died in Wyoming. Mrs. Lewis is a native of Dekalb county, Missouri. Mr. Lewis has one sister, Mrs. Addie E. Smith, dwelling near Loomis, and his parents both reside on

Palmer lake, in this county. While in Wyoming he followed farming and stock raising until 1885, in which year he came to Kittitas county, Washington, and engaged in the dairy business there until 1893, when he came to Okanogan county, locating on his present place as a homestead. In addition to doing a dairy business and general farming, Mr. Lewis also raises some stock.

Fraternally he is affiliated with the I. O. O. F. and the A. F. & A. M. Mrs. Lewis is a member of the Rebekahs, and they are both greatly interested in educational progress, always casting their influence for better facilities in that line. Their son, William C, now aged eighteen, was awarded a free scholarship in the Agricultural College at Pullman by the county commissioners of Okanogan county.

It is interesting to note that both Mr. Lewis and his wife came from their eastern home all the way to their present abode in the west by teams. They are pleasant and good people, and it is with pleasure that we have been enabled to grant this epitome in the history of this section.

JOHN W. CARPENTER, deceased. The esteemed subject of this memoir was one of the earliest settlers to that part of Okanogan county where his widow now lives, about nine miles northeast from Malott, in Spring coulee. He was a man who labored hard for the advancement and development of the country and was respected by all. His death occurred on November 8, 1895, at the old homestead, and his remains were laid to rest in a fitting manner. He was one whose life had been spent in industry and labor for the benefit of all.

John W. Carpenter was born in Concord, Vermont, on April 20, 1852. His ancestors were traced back to the very first English settlers on American soil and were prominent people. Mr. Carpenter crossed the plains in early days and settled in western Oregon. He was married on June i, 1870, in Polk county, Oregon, to Miss Mary, daughter of Nathaniel and Sarah Newbill. She was born in Petis county, Missouri, on March 10, 1849, ^"d crossed the plains with her parents in 1851. They settled in Yamhill county, Oregon. Our subject lived in different places in Oregon, for some time and then settled near Wilbur, in Lincoln county, Washington, where he remained a few years. In 1888 he came from there to Okanogan county and took as a homestead the place where the widow now resides. It was raw land and the country was wild. Mr. and Mrs. Carpenter had a hard time to make a start, but by faithful and hard labor, they succeeded and had a good home built up and property around when he passed away.

To this worthy couple five children were born : James L., married and living on a ranch near Riverside; Benjamin F., on the home place; Nathaniel E., married to Annie Robertson, and on the home place also ; Charles T., married to Mary Ruffenach, and living near the home place; William W., on the home farm. Mrs. Carpenter has a good large residence of twelve rooms, besides bath and closets, which is one of the largest residences in the entire county. She owns the homestead and has it well improved and producing a good income. She also has a large band of cattle and deserves great credit for the fortitude and wisdom she has manifested in the management of afifairs since the death of her husband. Mrs. Carpenter belongs to the Methodist church and the children have been reared in that faith. They are all good substantial people and have done much for the improvement of the county.

GEORGE W. MOORE is one of the leading business men of Conconully, where he operates a first-class meat market. He is also occupied with stock raising and general farming, having a farm nearby which is principally devoted to raising hay. His cattle number about one hundred and fifty head, and he is one of the successful and prosperous men of the entire county.

George W. Moore was born in Lawrence county, Ohio, his home being at the extreme southern end of Ohio. The date of this event was September 6, 1855, and his parents were Firman, who was born and reared in Cincinnati, and Mary J. (Lane) Moore, who was also a native of Ohio. The father had three brothers killed in the Civil War, and he tried to enlist, but was rejected on account of being a cripple. He died in 1899, aged seventy-eight. The mother is residing on the old home place. She is a cousin of General James Lane, a prominent man in the border warfare of Kansas. Our subject grew to manhood on the homestead and received his education from the common schools. In the spring of 1878 he went to Kansas and operated a drill in prospecting for coal. He was in thirteen different counties and also took a trip into the Indian Territory. Later he returned to Ohio, where he was married on December 23, 1881. Miss Belle S. Shipton became his bride at this time. She was a native of Lawrence county and her parents, James and Ruth E. Shipton, were prominent people there. The mother died six years since, but the father still lives, having always been a minister in the Methodist church. Mrs. Moore is an accomplished musician and has taught both vocal and instrumental music. She had two brothers and one sister, James A., Frank T. and Mrs. Frances Moore, the wife of Mr. Moore's brother. Mr. Moore has the following brothers and sisters, John L., James H., Mary J., William F., Frank J., Samuel S.. Mattie E. and Charles A.

In 1884 Mr. Moore came to the northwestern part of Whitman county and farmed, then in 1890 came to this county and did a dairy business, supplying Conconully and Ruby. Later he engaged in the butcher business, but was burned out in the big fire. After this he was washed out. having rebuilt, the flood coming from a cloud burst. He rebuilt again and is now doing a good business.

On August 17. 1890, I\Ir. Moore was called upon to mourn the death of his wife, who left two children, James F. and Jessie M. Mr. Moore married a second time. He and his wife are members of the Methodist church as also was the first wife.

ALAX MACAULAY is, one of the first settlers who still live in Okanogan county. His farm adjoins the townsite of Oroville on the east, and lies in the forks of the Similkameen and Okanogan rivers. Mr. Macaulay has a fine herd of cattle and has recently sold a large number. For years he has given his time and attention to raising stock, and is now retiring somewhat from the activities of this life, having been prospered in his labors.

oMacaulay, natives of Caledonia. His early days were spent in acquiring an education, and at the age of fourteen he shipped as cabin boy, on a sea going vessel. He worked his way up from this position, and later was in the English navy. He served in the war with Russia and participated in many battles on the sea and one on the land. He was in various fights, and had his clothes riddled with bullets, but never received a wound. After his discharge he returned to Scotland and then bade farewell to his native place, sailing for Quebec. He came on to Montreal, and spent the summer of 1858 on the steamboats of the St. Lawrence. In 1862, we find him in Chicago, whence he journeyed to Michigan. He returned to Chicago and afterward went to Canada. He traveled in various parts of the country, then came to the Red river of the North, whence he journeyed on horseback across the Rockies to the Kootenai country, and then on up to Fort Colville, arriving there in the fall of 1869. In the following spring he prospected in British Columbia, then went to Victoria, and afterwards took a trip with John Grant up the Priest river. This journey was attended with great hardships, on account of the shallow water, caused by beaver dams. Later he returned to Victoria. Mr. Grant was afterward mayor of that city. Mr. Macaulay then joined a surveying party on the Thompson river, and also visited other places in the Northwest Territory. He became acquainted with most of the Hudson's Bay Company's patents of this section, then made a trip to San Juan Island. Finally he met Mr. Utz, with whom he came to this section in 1873. Since then Mr. Macaulay has never been farther away than Spokane or Wenatchee. The other people living south of the British Columbia line, in the Okanogan valley then were Okanogan Smith, John LTtz, and Bob Clinton. Mr. Macaulay was at Fort Colville after this and became well acquainted with James Monaghan, Hugh McCoole and Chief Moses. At the time that Generals Sherman and Miles and Chief Justice Gray went from Colville to Victoria, he accompanied them from the Fort to the Okanogan ri\-er and became well acquainted with these noted personages. Mr. Macaulay began raising cattle on a small scale and also took charge of Phelps and Wadley's stock and has since collected a fine herd for himself. Mr. Macaulav has a brother and sister living in Scotland, i\ngus and Christine and one brother at Killamey, Manitoba, Kennis Macaulay. Mr. Macaulay is a true Scotchman, possessed of the stability and determination of his race, which have enabled him to gain his gratifying success.

JOHN HANCOCK has spent the major portion of his life under the occidental stars, having been brought hither when he was four years of age. He is now one of the respected and influential residents of the Methow valley and has made a good success in general farming and raising stock.

John Hancock was born in Van Buren county, Iowa, on September 6, 1848, the son of Charles and Elizabeth J. (Saunders) Hancock. In 1852 the family took the weary trip across the plains and in due time landed at the mouth of Sandy river in the Willamette valley, only to be met by the monster death, who snatched from the little group the father and support. The widowed mother made her way to Oregon City and there later married Samuel Waldron. They settled on a farm about six miles south from Oregon City. Young Hancock remained with his parents until sixteen, gaining his educational training from the early schools of that vicinity. Then he enlisted in Company E, First Oregon Infantry, and was stationed with his company at Fort Colville until the discharge of the Volunteers in 1865. A short visit to the Willamette valley and then Mr. Hancock sought gold at Auburn until 1873, when he went to handling a quartz mill in Gem City, Union county, Oregon. Two years later, we find him in Seattle whence he went, after one winter's stay, to Walla Walla and operated a saw mill engine. Later he accepted a position as engineer on the Walla Walla & Columbia railroad and drove the first engine that pulled freight into Walla Walla. One year in that capacity and he took charge of the shops at Whitman. Next we find him near Rock Lake in Whitman county where he farmed and raised stock for about eight years. In 1896, Mr. Hancock bought the place Avhere he now resides, about seven miles southeast from Twisp on Fraser creek. He has a good farm and raises considerable hay and handles one hundred head of stock each year. The farm is well improved, with orchard, buildings, fences, and so forth, while in his labors he has been abundantly prospered.

At Gem City, Mr. Hancock married Miss Julia Elliott, in 1872. Her parents are both dead. Six children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hancock ; Clarence, the first child born in Gem City; Arthur, married and living in this valley; John, Ella, Ivy and Myrtle, twins. Little Myrtle, the pride of the home was called hence by death on Thanksgiving day, 1903.

Charles William Almquist

CHARLES WILLIAM ALMQUIST came to the regions where he now lives with no means, but by industry and wise management has become one of the wealthy citizens of northwestern Okanogan county. His present home is one mile north from Molson, where he has some fine land, well watered and nearly all under cultivation. It is all fenced and provided with commodious outbuildings and a fine nineroom residence.

Charles W. Almquist was born in Porter county, Indiana, on January 18, 1876, the son of Charles and Hattie M. (Johnson) Almquist, natives of Sweden. They came to the United States when young, settled in Indiana, and were married at Kankakee in that state. To them were born five children. Mrs. Luella Starkweather; Charles W., the subject of this article; Mrs. Fannie Lucas; Mrs. Belle Clover; and Arthur. Charles W. came to Minnesota with his parents at the age of twelve, and in 1883 the family came to Rosalia, Washington, there being but few settlers in that section then. The parents are living there now, and are well to do people.

The education of our subject was received in the various places where he dwelt during his minority. In 1892 he came to the vicinity of Sidley in British Columbia, where he took a homestead of a half section. It is valuable land, well fenced, and adapted for hay and grain and there is a good supply of irrigating water. Mr. Almquist erected a large barn sixty by eighty feet, and a fourteen room house, and has made other valuable improvements such as outbuildings and so forth. On October 10. 1900. Mr. Almquist located his present home, which is near the reservation, taking out citizen papers September 20, 1900. The land was unsurveyed at the time, and he took up a squatter's right.

On June 2, 1897, Air. Almquist married Miss Cora M., daughter of Manning and Alice F. Cudworth, natives of the state of Iowa. They came to the sound country about thirtyseven years ago, and in 1895 settled near Sidley, where they now reside. Mrs. Almquist was born in Whatcom, Washington. Two children have been bom to Mr. and Mrs. Almquist, Charles \\'., aged five, and Olive, aged four. In addition to general farming and stock raising Mr. Almquist owns an interest in two steam threshers, two engines and a sawmill.

HERBERT G. CHAMPNEYS is one of the leading stockmen of Okanogan county. He raises cattle extensively, and also has two fine farms, one on the bottoms along the Similkameen especially adapted to hay, and one seven miles north of Loomis, where he resides at the present time.

Herbert G. Champneys was born in western Turville, Buckinghamshire, England, on February 2. 1864, the son of John and Anna (Walker) Champneys, natives of England. The father, whose fathers were Church of England ministers, died at the age of sixty-five. The mother is still living in Wolverhampton, England, aged fifty-eight. Our subject received a good education from the public and special schools, and in due time began life as a salesman and bookkeeper. He wrought in various places, his last occupation being in London. He worked for Baerlin & Company of Manchester, and also in the civil service stores in London. It was in 1886, that he started from London to Sprague, having a through ticket. His brother, Weldon Y. met him. and they came direct to Okanogan county, crossing the ferry where Wild Goose Bill lives. That enterprising pioneer had just completed a row boat, and our subject and his brother were the first passengers to cross. The horses had to swim. Few stores were in the Okanogan country then. Mr. Champneys located a preemption adjoining his present ranch. He now has an estate of two hundred acres largely seeded to timothy and clover. He made the pre-emption his home until 1900, when he took his present place as a homestead.

one child, Julian Drake, his birthday being May 22, 1900. Mr. and Mrs. Cowherd came from Jackson, Michigan, to the Ivanhoe mines in Okanogan county in 1890, which Mr. Cowherd had located in 1886, and which is said to be one of the largest in the county. The property is located on Palmer mountain, and consists of four patented claims. Before the concentrator was built on that property, they resided there, but now dwell upon a homestead adjoining that of our subject. During the panic, the mine was closed, and at Mrs. Champneys' suggestion, they started the concentrator and ran through a number of tons of ore lying on the dump. Mrs. Cowherd was. equal to the emergency and handled the engine while Mr. Cowherd attended to the rest of the mill, and the result was that the job was completed in good shape, and the returns from the ore tided them over the panic times. On July 31, 1903, Mrs. Champneys' sister. Miss Grace L. Cowherd, in company with Miss Tora Torguson, began the trip from their place to the top of Mount Chapaca. They carried their blankets, provisions, and a rifle, and wended their way up the rugged heights until they finally planted the stars and stripes on the very summit of this mountain. It is supposed that these ladies were the first white ladies to step foot on the top of Mount Chapaca. They completed the trip in safety, and no small credit is due them for their undertaking. Mr. Champneys has manifested ability, and shown a real pioneer spirit. He has assiduously labored here for the last eighteen years, and is deserving of the esteem and respect which he receives in generous measure.

WILLIAM LEWTS. Among the progressive and wide awake miners of Okanoagn couny we are constrained to mention the gentleman whose name initiates this paragraph and who has made a showing in the mining industry, which places him as a real leader in this important field of operation. He came to [-oomis in 1891 and immediately took up mining. After considerable prospecting he struck a lead on Whickey Hill and located twerrtythree claims. Later on he incorporated, the company being known as the Whickey Hill Mining and Milling Company, and Mr. Lewis is superintendent. They have done about eight- een thousand dollars worth of development work, which shows a very excellent property. It is a gold property and bids fair to become one of the wealthy producers of the county.

William Lewis was bom in Howard county, Missouri, on March 16, 1834, the son of Fielding Lewis, a native of Tennessee and an early pioneer of Missouri, who then went to Tennessee and married Miss Laurinda Moore. His father. Fielding Lewis, our subject's grandfather, participated in the War of 1812, and two uncles fought in the Revolution. On April 29, 1852, our subject started with his parents across the plains with ox teams. They had a small train of ten wagons and were headed for Linn county, Oregon. Their journey was pleasant and without especial incident until they arrived at the Snake, where the mother, on August 20, was carried away by death. In September, a brother of our subject died at Birch creek. In the same month another member of the family, John M., died at Cascade Falls, and in October at Vancouver, his sister, Ellen, died. In less than two months four of the famih' were swept away by the disease known as black tongue. Mr. Lewis left his stock at The Dalles and went on and brought a pack train to Linn county and during the winter his stock died. Our subject and his father enlisted in Company C, Second Oregon Volunteers, under Captain John Keeney, to fight the Indians in 1855. They also participated in the Rogue River War and were in the battle of Big Meadows. William received a slight flesh wound and had his clothing pierced with bullets. During the service in the field there were many months when he endured great hardship, having his feet frozen. Being honorably discharged they returned to the home place near Albany and there the father died in 1864, being in his sixty-fourth year. He was justice of the peace and a prominent citizen.

Our subject has three brothers, James P., David and George W., and one sister, Mrs. Sarah A. Layton. Mr. Lewis went to the mines in the Siskiyou mountains, in California, and wrought for three years, then he returned to Orgeon. On June 6, 1859, he married Miss Ruth, daughter of John and Mahala McCallister. Mrs. Lewis was born on September 20, 1842, in Knox county, Illinois, and came with her parents across the plains in 1853 to Linn county. The father was a bugler in the Black

Hawk War and died in Linn county, in his eightieth year. The mother died a few years later. In 1869 Mr. Lewis came to Puget Sound and a few years later, settled in Yakima where he did a hotel business for two years. In 1872, he was elected sheriff of Yakima county and made such a record that he was enabled to say that he never received a warrant for a man without arresting him and never let a prisoner escape. His name appeared on the Republican ticket and he has frequently been offered the nomination since, but h^s refused. In 1885, he bought a large tract of land twenty-one miles northwest from Yakima and engaged in the stock business. Later, he sold all but eighty acres, which he now owns. As stated above, in 1891, he came to Okanogan county and has since devoted himself to mining. Mr. Lewis is a member of the A. F. & A. M. To Mr. and Mrs. Lewis, the following children have been born: Mrs. Sampson Hull, deceased; Mrs. Sarah Chman, of Ellensburg: William H. ;Mrs. Nervina Coleman, of Dayton, Oregon; Mrs. Lillie Cannon, of Centralia, Washington; Mrs. Grace Burgett, of Loomis, Washington ; Simon P., of Yakima; and James V., deceased.

CHARLES a: BLATT is operating the Tenasket hotel at Molson, which is unquestionably the largest and finest equipped house in the county of Okanogan. It was built under his supervision and he is conducting it to-day in first class shape. Mr. Blatt is an experienced host and his thorough knowledge of the care of guests, for whom he provides the best of everything, makes his place a. popular resort for traveling people. It is a house of thirty-three rooms, well arranged, tastefully kept, and provided with all modern conveniences.

Charles A. Blatt was born in Wood county, Ohio, October 28, i860, the son of Daniel and Sarah A. (Strock) Blatt, natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio, respectively. They are now living in Mahoney county, Ohio, the father in his seventy-sixth year and the mother in her seventieth. Two children have been born to them, our subject and William G., engaged with the Pingree shoe manufacturers of Detroit, Michigan.

tile shop until 1880, when he went to Clinton, Missouri. The following year he made his initial venture in the hotel business, continuing in the same for several years. In 1889, he went to Kansas City and was traveling salesman for a wholesale jewelry house for five years. At the end of that period he went to Council Bluffs, Iowa, and again took up the hotel business. After this Mr. Blatt filled the position of a first class host in Cripple Creek, Colorado, and later in Denver. It was in June, 1900, that he came to the reservation and decided to locate at Molson. The plans of the Tenasket house were drawn under his supervision and the same was erected and is now operated by him. He also handles a first class bar, well stocked.

On August 20, 1900, at Greenwood, British Columbia. ^Ir. Blatt married Margaret Milan, a native of Indiana. One child, Charles F. M.. was born to them December 20, 1901.

Mr. Blatt is a member of the Eagles, and is one of the genial and affable men of this place. The traveling people say of Mr. Blatt that his hotel is one of the most comfortable and wellkept in the northwest.

HENRY P. DECENT, is owner and proprietor of the steam laundry at Loomis. Washington. He also owns about eighty-five acres of land one and one-half miles from the town, which is fenced and well improved. He operates a first class laundry and does a very large business.

Henry P. Decent was born on February 20, 1865, in Grand Rapids, Michigan, the son of Peter and Delephine (Savage) Decent, natives of Canada. The father was a shoemaker and \he mother wrought in the tailor's art. Thev were both of French extraction, were married in Canada and came to Michigan in early days. He returned to Canada and afterwards came again to Michigan and now lives in Thompson that state, aged seventy and sixty-five, respectively. They are both highly educated and respected people. Our subject was educated in the public schools and early developed a talent for machinery, and was soon head sawyer in a large mill. On May 22, 1895, Mr. Decent married Miss Carrie H., daughter of Myron and Esther (Bartholomew) Laraway. Mrs. Decent was born at Reading on July 22, 1869.

and the father was born in Hillsdale county, Michigan. He and his father James Laraway, fought in the same company during the Civil war. His father was a college professor and died in the hospital.

Mrs. Decent's mother was born in Hillsdale county, Michigan, graduated from college and taught school for several years. Her father, Amos Bartholomew, was one of the first settlers in the Michigan forests. He cleared land, made bread from corn beaten in the mortar, and gathered his sweets from the maple groves. He finally became very wealthy and lived to be about ninety years of age. Mrs. Decent was a graduate from the high schools but on account of ill health, she and her husband came west in 1898, to Great Falls, ^lontana. Mr. Decent handled a sawmill there, and her health was improved by the mountain air. In 1900 they came to Loomis and operated a boarding house for the Puritan mines. Later they started their present business. Mrs. Decent early developed a great love for machinery and became an expert engineer, being the only lady engineer in ISIichigan. She is equally skillful with her husband in handling an engine now and they are doing a fine business at the laundry. Mr. Decent is a member of the I. O. O. F. and the W. W. He and his wife belong to the Women of Woodcraft and the Maccabees and she is clerk of the former order.

WARREN W. ALDERMAN is one of the well known and energetic men of Okanogan county, and is successfully handling several enterprises at the present time. He was born in Story county, Iowa, on ^larch 27, 1867, the son of Hezekiah and Rhoda (Smith) Alderman, natives of Ohio. Our subject grew up on a farm, and received his education from the common schools. In 1882 he went to A'alley county, Nebraska, and rode the range, after which he drove stage to Kearney Junction. Subsequent to this he followed foot racing and earned considerable money in this line. He never was beaten but once, and that was by the noted "Hy Pachen," but afterwards he beat him, and the two traveled together for several years. The race was one hundred A^ards, and he was known in his best days as one of the fastest runners on record.

On November 9, 1887, in Box Butte county, Nebraska, Mr. Alderman married Miss Jessie P., daughter of Thomas and Clementine A. (Keller) McKinney. In 1888 they came to Easton in the Cascade mountains, and later went to Portland. Afterwards they visited Spokane, and in 1890, located in Okanogan county. Loomis then contained only two houses and was known by the unique name of Ragtown. In December, 1891, he located his ranch on the south end of Palmer lake. He has one hundred and seventy-two acres all fenced, cultivated, and improved with barn, orchard, and so forth. It is all bottom land and very valuable. Mr. Alderman devoted his attention to general farming and stock raising until recently, when he sold his cattle, moved to Nighthawk, and erected a commodious livery and feed stable which he is now operating with a good patronage. He also has a good residence in Nighthawk.

On October 19, 1899, Mrs. Alderman was called to pass the river of death, leaving her husband and four children, Emmet H., Neil T., Dovie C, and Irvin A. On October 9, 1902, Mr. Alderman was married to Miss Jennie Z., daughter of Charles and Hattie (Mullen) Adair. Mrs. .\lderman"s parents came from the east in 1899 and are now living in Okanogan county. Our subject held the position of deputy treasurer and also deputy sheriff. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and W. of W., having filled the chairs in the latter order.

JOHN M. WENTWORTH, who is proprietor of the Wentworth hotel in Loomis, one of the leading hostelries of Okanogan county, was born in November, 1859, and is a prominent and influential mining man of the northwest. He came to this section when it was very new and has labored assiduously in mining most of the time since and a number of large and valuable properties well developed are evidence of his industry and wisdom.

Levant Wentworth was born on July 18, 183 1, and his father, Uriah Wentworth, served in the Black Hawk war. Levant Wentworth was reared in Illinois, went to Nebraska and enlisted in Company I, Second Nebraska Cavalry, on November 17, 1862, for nine months, but served one year and two days. He was in General Sully's command, holding the Indians in check. He participated in the battle of White Stone Lake and after his discharge returned to Dakota county, Nebraska. In 1886, he went to Denver, in 1887 came to Walla Walla, thence to Spokane county, and in 1888 came on to Okanogan county where he engaged in mining and prospecting. He and his wife are now living in Loomis. Mr. Wentworth states that he has made and lost a great deal of money but five dollars which was the first money that he ever earned and which was lost gave him more pain than all the rest together. He owns the Iron Mask, a valuable copper property, and has it well developed; also he has other mining interests.

To Mr. and Mrs. Wentworth were born five children; George E., a noted horseman; John M., the subject of this sketch; Mrs. Clara Wilson; Herbert; and William. Our subject remained with his parents until they reached Okanogan but had done mining work in various parts before that. In 1878 he took ore out of the gulch where the Bunker Hill and Sullivan is in Idaho but made no location. He was in various sections of the northwest engaged in different occupations, mining principally, and in the fall of 1888 began mining in Okanogan county. He was foreman and general manager in the Rush mining company, and on one occasion fell one hundred and sixtyfive feet in the shaft. He owns one half interest in the Copper World, a valuable property with about three thousand dollars worth of development done. The ledge is one hundred feet wide and shows excellent values. He also has an interest in the Georgia and Hercules, which are showing fine, as well as in The Lone Pine and the Tuff Nut. In 1896 Mr. Wentworth bought his present hotel, a good property, which he has been operating successfully since. It has twenty sleeping apartments besides other rooms and is a popular place with the traveling public. In 1886 Mr. Wentworth married Miss Mary Domer, a native of Indiana.

W. L. DAVIS is one of the pioneers of Okanogan county. He owns a beautiful ranch on the Okanogan river about fifteen miles north from its mouth. The estate is located at the foot of Rattle Snake Point and has been handsomely improved by Mr. Davis. On August 5, 1888, Mr. Davis' took a squatter's right to his present place, paying therefor twelve dollars. Since that time, he has given his entire attention to general farming and to the improvement of his property and has found the climate and soil thoroughly adapted to the production of all kinds of grain, alfalfa, vegetables and so forth. He can successfully grow all kinds of fruits, except tropical. He has made a great success in producing various kinds of nuts, especially walnuts.

Mr. Davis remarks that this locality he believes to be one of the healthiest on the Pacific coast and he is thoroughly satisfied with the country. He is a man of energy and progressiveness and has done a work in this country worthy of great credit in horticulture. He and his wife are highly respected people and have many friends.

ALVIN R. THORP is doubtless the oldest settler in Okanogan county. He passed through this country as early as 1869 but did hot locate permanently here until some time afterwards. He has one of the best farms in the county, two and one half miles north of Loomis on Toats Coulee creek. His land is supplied with plenty of irrigating water and he is holding the oldest irrigation right on the creek. He can raise any of the products of this latitude and has an abundance of grapes, peaches, apples and general farm produce. Mr. Thorp has cut as high as four crops of alfalfa in one year on one piece of land, and he usually han'ests three. He has been very enterprising, experimenting with \-arious productions, and has made a good success in raising peanuts. It is stated, however, that Mr. Thorp first planted roasted ones, but failed to have very good success with that variety.

Alvin R. Thorp was born in Howard county, Missouri, on December 22, 1832. the son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Still) Thorp. The father was born in Madison county. Kentucky, and was one of the earliest pioneers to Missouri. He died in Platte county of that state in his eighty-sixth year, ten years since. The mother was a native of Missouri and died in Platte county. Her grandfather, Joseph Still, was killed by the Indians and she was an orphan. He also was a native of Kentucky, and one of the first settlers in Missouri. The early ancestors on both sides were Virginians. Our subject is the oldest of thirteen children.

ten of whom are living, scattered in various parts of the United States. He grew up on a farm and received his education from the subscription schools of the time. On May 6, 1852, he left his old home and started across the plains with his uncle, Joseph F. Still, to California. He drove an ox team all the way and finally arrived in Placer county on August 27, where he spent some time in freighting.

Joseph F. Still, the uncle, was a true pioneer and a man of excellent qualities. He wrought faithfully for the opening and upbuilding of California and remained there until his death, in 1900, being then eighty years of age. Learning of his sickness, our subject hastened to his bedside and fortunately arrived there about three weeks before his death. Mr. Thorp followed mining in the San Jose valley, California, and in 1858 came to the Fraser river, in British Columbia. It was with great credit to himself that he made his way through the then deep wilderness and gave his attention to prospecting and mining. He remained there enduring all the hardships and privations known to the pioneer and miner. In 1869, he came to Rock creek and quit mining and since that time says he has never turned the dirt in search of gold. He operated a pack train there for a couple of years and then took a trip to Omaca, near the Alaska boundary line. This journey was attended with extreme suffering, for they were blocked in the ice and caught in snow storms. As they fell short of provisions it was a struggle between life and death, and a question whether they would ever get out of the wilderness alive. After this he came to Marcus. At that time there were very few people in this whole northwestern part of the Inland Empire. He soon turned his attention to farming and stock raising, and located his present place, where he has labored assiduously since. He packed his supplies from Walla Walla and later from Sprague and went to Fort Colville to get his mail. He has watched the coming of pioneers one after another, until finally the country has become one of the prosperous and well settled sections of the northwest.

Mr. Thorp married Julia, a native woman, and they have one child, Charles M. Thorp, who married Nellie Runnels. Her father, George Runnels, was one of the earliest pioneers of this country. Mr. Thorp has about seventy-five head of cattle, and some tine horses, and is one of the well to do men of Okanogan county. In all the many years which he has resided here, Mr. Thorp has always shown himself a man possessed of unswerving integrity, and has displayed sagacity and industry in his labors.

FRANK GROGAN is one of the leading mining men now operating in the Okanogan country, and his success in this country proclaims him a man of ability and energy. He possesses the sterling characteristics of those born in the Emerald Isle, and much of his success is due to the good Irish blood that flows in his veins.

Frank Grogan was born in Roscommon county, Ireland, on June 21, 1858, the son of Patrick and Louisa (Dingman) Grogan, both natives of Ireland. The father was a merchant, and descends from the famous Cornelius Grogan, of Wicklow. The mother descends from the Kilronan family, prominent people in her native country. Both are now deceased. Our subject is first cousin to General Michael Cochran, commander of the Sixty-ninth New York, in the Irish brigade during the Rebellion. He fought in both battles of Bull Run. Our subject left home in 1871, and after spending a few days in Dublin and Liverpool, came by the steamer Adrian to Boston, having a rough passage of nine days. The first place he visited after touching land was Bunker Hill monument. Later he attended the Holy Cross College at ^Vorcester, Massachusetts, and then entered the liquor business. Following this, he did newspaper work in New York, and in 1887 went to Butte and Shasta counties, California, and took up mining. He was very successful until 1891, in which year he came to Okanogan county. Here he has done mining and prospecting since. He discovered the Worcester and McKinley mines on Mount Chapaca, and organized a company in '1899, known as The Chapaca Gold and Silver Mining and Milling Company, which now owns twelve claims. Our subject is a large stockholder, and general manager of the concern. They opened many thousand dollars worth of development work, and are now driving a three thousand foot tunnel, which shows excellent values. Mr. Grogan also promoted

The Prospective Development Company, which owns a group of claims on Chapaca mountain. He is manager of this company and also of the Pinnacle Gold Mining Company, which owns property on Palmer mountain. General J. B. Metcalf, Judge W. H. Moone, E. Cosgrove, Mrs. Alice O'Neal, and J. S. Jurey are the principal owners of this property. Mr. Grogan has several other mining properties which also show well. He has a fine ranch about eleven miles north from Loomis, where he makes his home at the present time. It is weli improved with buildings, orchards, fences, and so forth, and lies on the bank of the Similkameen river. Mr. Grogan has been a delegate to every county convention since coming here, and is prominent in the political realm. On May, 1900, at Seattle, Mr. Grogan married Miss Matilda, youngest daughter of Judge George and Katherine (Ford) Lawless, natives of Providence, Rhode Island. Mr. Grogan is deserving of much credit for the manner in which he has pushed forward the mining industry in Okanogan county. He has been enabled to interest much capital, while his tireless energy and great ability in handling enterprises have brought about excellent results.

JOHN BEALL is one of the oldest pioneers of Okanogan county, and has done the work of the real pioneer all his life, having lived in the remote regions of Illinois and Missouri before coming to the far west. He is dwelling now on his estate of learly two hundred acres, which lies about three miles north from Loomis, and there he does general farming and raises stock. He has a fine farm, with about one hundred and thirty acres in timothy, and a good orchard, one of the best in the county, which produces as fine fruit as can be found on the coast.

John Beall was born in Alabama, on February 21, 1837, the son of Lloyd and Elizabeth Beall, natives of Tennessee. The father was a pioneer across the plains in 1849, and died in California. The mother died in the east. Our subject lived in Illinois and Missouri during his earlier years, and there studied in the public schools. In 1857, he came across the plains with a companion, having a pleasant time hunting all the way. When they came into the country of hostile Indians, they would join some large train. After some time in California, they went through Nevada and Arizona, to Mexico, thence through New }*Iexico on back to the central states. In July, 1861, he landed in The Dalles, Oregon, having come overland with a pack train. He at once went to packing supplies from The Dalles and Umatilla Landing to all the leading mining camps in Idaho and Oregon, and continued at that business until 1871. In 186 1 he was in Lewiston, and there had the pleasure of meeting his cousin, Tom Beall, the noted pioneer of that place. In 1871 Mr. Beall went to the regions of Fraser river and Cariboo, and then penetrated the wilderness about three hundred miles north from that place prospecting. Returning, he bought cattle and settled on the Similkameen river in British Columbia, where he remained for several years until he bought his present place. At that time few white people were in the large territory now occupied by Okanogan county, and the mail was gotten at Ft. Colville. Supplies came from Walla Walla, and it was with great labor that they were brought in.

Mr. Beall married Miss Catherine, a daughter of George Runnells, an old pioneer of this section, and to them three children have been born, John, Louise, and Ellen.

JOHN M. PITMAN, one of the best known men in Okanogan county, is now serving his second term as county treasurer, having been elected both times on the Democratic ticket, the second majority being much the larger. He is a man of uprightness and integrity and is the center of a large circle of friends.

John M. Pitman was born in Jackson county, Alissouri, on September 17, 1849, the son of Azariah J. and Louisa (Savage) Pitman, both natives of Missouri. The father took a freighting trip to Santa Fe, New Mexico, in 1849. 'I'l'J some hard times with hostile Indians. Upon his return, Dr. Savage, his wife's father, was ready to start across the plains, so he prepared for the trip and they set out in the spring of 1850. The mother was said to be dying of the consumption when they started, and the phyician said she would never cross the plains. She did, and is now in her seventy-fourth year, living a retired life with her husband in Salem, Oregon. He is seventyseven, well preserved, and hearty for one of his age. Our subject is the oldest of ten children and the only son. Three of the sisters are deceased. He was educated in the Willamette valley, where his parents located, being turned from their intention of going to California. He completed his- training in the McMinville College. In 1 86 1, when the family were living in the Willamette bottoms there came a flood and the steamboat took them from the roof of their house. They lost all their property. Later they removed to Klicktitat county, Washington, and there remained until 1901, when the parents removed to Salem, where they now reside. Our subject went into business in Klickitat county, but failed and went bankrupt. Following this, in the fall of 1887, he came to Okanogan county and went to mining. In 1892 he went back to Klickitat county and paid all his debts, although they were all outlawed. He has been universally known since as "Honest John," on account of this excellent action. In 1876 Mr. Pitman married Miss Emma T. Gubser, in Washington county, Oregon. Her parents were natives of Switzerland and came to Iowa, whence in the fifties they crossed the plains to Oregon, where both died. ]\Irs. Pitman was the youngest of twelve children. Three children were born to this union, two of whom died from the effects of scarlet fever when infants, and the other, Emma Lorena, is living with our subject now. Mrs. Pitman died in May. 1886. In October, 1890, Mr. Pitman married Mrs. Emily E. Borst, who was born while her parents were crossing the Atlantic from England to the United States. Her father, j\Ir. Kellard, was a major in the English army. Mrs. Pitman made two trips across the ocean with her parents and finally came west from Sioux Falls, South Dakota, to this county. Mr. Pitman entered a homestead five miles north from Loomis, and has devoted considerable attention to its improvement, having now a tine property. In addition to this he has mining property in this state and also in British Columbia. Mr. Pitman is a member of the I. O. O. F., and the W. W. His parents are devout members of the Baptist church. He and his first wife belonged to the Presbyterian church, while Mrs. Pitman now belongs to the Methodist church. They are highly respected

WILSON M. TAYLOR. A seventeen years" residence in the territory now occupied by Okanogan county entitles the subject of this article to be classed as one of the pioneers. During this period of time he has been engaged in steady labor in various lines of industry, all tending to upbuild and develop the country and make himself one of the well to do citizens. His residence is four and one half miles west of Riverside, where he has three hundred and twenty acres of land. Two hundred acres of this are fine meadow, raising timothy and red top hay. The balance contains about one and one-half million feet of saw timber.

Wilson j\l. Taylor was born in Taylorville, Fayette county, Iowa, on June 14, 1852. His father, Dr. Silas Taylor, married Miss Mary Carnehan, a native of Pennsylvania, who died in Michigan in 1889. The doctor was a native of the State of New York, born in 1796, and the youngest of a large family. His father, John M., and two brothers, fought in the Revolution. The doctor commenced practice in Grand Rapids, Michigan, then came west to Iowa and located on land where Taylorsville now stands. In 1855 he went to Fillmore county, Minnesota. In 1 86 1 he went to New Ulm, Minnesota, and was there during the awful massacre of August, 1862. For seven days they fought off the murderous Sioux and finally help came. In the fall of that j-ear Doctor Taylor went to Fillmore county and there died in October. Four children were born to this worthy couple, William H., Mrs. Louisa Willman, the subject of this article, and Mrs. Elizabeth Winchel. In 1877 our subject left home and went to Omaha and engaged in the Union Pacific shops. He soon became an engineer and drove an engine in that region for several years. In 1882 he came to Portland and engaged on the California railroad. It was in the fall of 1886 that he came to Okanogan and located on a ranch in Spring coulee. Later he sold this. Having become an expert sawyer, in younger years he went into the sawmill business. At this time he sold the ranch in Spring coulee and in 1900 took one hundred and sixty acres, where his place now is, and also bought as much more. The farm is well improved, has good buildings, fine orchard, and is one of the valuable estates of the country.

In February, 1874, Mr. Taylor married Miss Irene M. Burdine, who was born in Fayette county, Indiana, in 1857. She died on May 22, 1877, leaving one child, Mabel A. Their wedding occurred in Fillmore county, Minnesota.

EMERY P. WHEELER is a well known and prominent mining man of Okanogan county. His residence is on Mineral Hill, near Conconully, and in addition to various mining properties which will be more fully mentioned hereafter, he owns a quarter section of land, well improved, in tliis county.

Emery P. Wheeler was born in Whitingham, Vermont, on January 10, 1848, the sou of Ephraim and Hannah (Davidson) Wheeler, both natives of Whitingham, Vermont. The mother died in 1884, aged seventy-eight, but the father is living in his native place, aged eighty-seven. Our subject received a good commercial education and remained with his parents until 1874; then he came via New York and Panama to San Francisco, where he was engaged in a mercantile business, first as salesman, then embarked for himself at Bakersfield, in the same state. In 1884 he came to Spokane and did business for two years, then began prospecting in British Columbia, Idaho, Montana, and Washington. He was one of the first to make location on Mineral Hill and was the organizer of the Mineral Hill Mining company, which owns sixteen claims on the hill, covering the main ledge which goes through the apex of the mountain. They did about two thousand feet of prospect work before deciding upon their permanent development work and now have one thousand feet done on their main tunnel. Their ledge has large assays in gold, silver and copper, silver predominating. Mr. Wheeler is manager and Dr. Jacob ]\Iay, of Connecticut, and several other eastern men are interested in the property. They are pushing development work rapidly and it is supposed the mine will soon be a shipper. Mr. Wheeler is also interested in copper properties with Spokane capitalists.

In 1873, at North Adams, ^Massachusetts, where Mr. Wheeler was doing some business at the time, he married Miss Jennie L. Wheeler. While of the same name he and his wife are not related by blood. Her parents, Zachariah and Caroline Wheeler, are both natives of \'ermont. To Mr. and Mrs. Wheeler three children have been born, Maude L., Bertha M. and Arthur E. Mr. Wheeler is one of the responsible mining men of the country and is well and favorablv known.

FRANK J. CUMMINGS, better known as "Pard," is a leading merchant at Riverside, Okanogan county. lie was born on December 13, 1852, in Aristook county, Maine, where he passed his boyhood days. When still a lad he left home and' began life in the west. He crossed the plains with ox teams to California, then went to Montana in 1873, after which he traveled to various sections of the west and northwest. He followed the stage business in ^Montana for five years, then came to Yakima in the same line of business. In 1896 he first located in Okanogan county and the following year brought his family here. He is now conducting a business establishment near Riverside, at a place called Alma, and is one of the substantial and leading citizens of the community.

JOHN I. HONE is a leading farmer and merchant of the reservation portion of Okanogan county. The postoffice of Bonaparte is in his store and his farm lies a little southwest therefrom.

John I. Hone was born on December 4, 1859. in Allegany county, [Maryland, the son of John P. Hone, a native of Pennsylvania, and a prominent educator of his day. He died in Delaware, Ohio, some time since. He had married Mary E. Browning, a native of Maryland, among \Ahose ancestors was the noted hunter, Maseeh Browning, and the poet, Robert Browning. She died in Spokane, having been the mother of eight cliildren, Charles F.; Mrs. Mary Gannon, [Mrs. IMartha J. Wilson, Anna C, our subject, Mrs. Josephine Long, Dennis and Rosa, .\fter receiving his educational training our subject, at the age of eighteen, went to work on the construction of railroads. On January 9, 1S81, he married Miss Agnes C. Riley, whose father, Michael Riley, was one of the first to cross the plains in 1849. Later he went to Australia, then returned to San Francisco, where he died. In the fall of 1881 the wife of Mr. Hone died at Atlanta, Iowa, whither they had moved. He returned to Ohio soon after this sad event, then went to Illinois, and in 1883 came to Spokane, where he engaged in the livery business on Main avenue. He was also interested in the lumber business at Chattaroy and did some freighting to Okanogan county. In 1891 Mr. Hone went to Corning, Ohio, where on November 11 of that year he married Miss Alice, daughter of Morgan and [Mary (Haughran) Curran, natives of Ohio. Mrs. Hone was born in Perry county, Ohio, on February 28, 1861, and her father was a discoverer of the famous oil wells and was a prominent machinist, being in business yet. Her mother is also still living. They were the parents of twelve children, those of whom are living are named as follows, Mrs. Hone, Peter, Charles, George, Edward and Rose. After his marriage, Mr. Hone returned to Spokane and took up the livery business and also operated a farm on Peone prairie. In the spring of 1900 he moved to Brewster and as soon as the reservation opened, took his present farm, which lies one mile southwest of Bonaparte. He also opened his store and has done first-class business in general merchandise since. Mrs. Hone is postmistress and operates the store largely, while Mr. Hone devotes himself to the farm. In addition to this property they own a fine farm on Peone prairie and a nine room dwelling on Nora avenue, in Spokane. Mr. Hone freights a good deal of his merchandise from various places and is a very active, industrious man. Six children ha^-e been born to them, named as follows, [Mark F., Mary A., Frances H., Nora E., deceased, Rose G. and Margaret J. Mr. and Mrs. Hone are both members of the Catholic church and are good people.

PRINCE A. LANCASTER is one of the younger men of the reservation portion of Okanogan county. The real thrift, industry and progressiveness which have characterized his labors since coming here, mark him a real

Prince A. Lancaster was born in Schuyler county, Missouri, on June i6, 1872. His father, William S. Lancaster, was born in Liverpool, England, and came to Iowa when fourteen. In 1852 he crossed the plains to California and followed mining and freighted in California, Oregon. \\'ashington and Idaho. He brought the tirst steamboat machinery from the Columbia river to the Pend d'Oreille lake and was in partnership with ex-Governor Miles C. Moore. In 1862 he went to Montana, thence to Fort Benton and down the IMissouri and spent the winter in Washington, D. C. After this he went to Pennsylvania and married Miss Mary ]McGee. They traveled west to Iowa and thence to Missouri and afterward to the Black Hills in South Dakota, and in 1888 they crossed the country to Rathdrum, Idaho, where the father remained until his death, on August 23, 1903, being then seventy-two years old. The mother is li\-ing there on the homestead now. Our subject is the fifth one of a family of ten children and accompanied his parents in their various journeys after his birth, until 1892, when he started out for himself. He went to the Coeur d' Alene country and mined in Murray. Wallace and Burke, and later visited the various camps in British Columbia. At the time the reservation opened he located his present place, ten miles southwest from Chesaw, and at noon of that day started on hofseback to Waterville, at which place he arrived at seven o'clock the next morning. As stated, his place is practically all under cultivation, well fenced and supplied with water, a large forty by fifty foot barn and a comfortable residence.

JNIr. Lancaster is a member of the K. P. and the grand lodge, having passed all the degrees. He also belongs to the miner's union and is a popular and substantial young man.

GEORGE W. LOUDON is one of the prosperous and successful stockmen of Okanogan count)- and has wrought here with display of wisdom and industry since 1891, having now several thousand sheep besides two valuable ranches. One of two hundred acres lies near Oroville and is utilized mostly for meadow purposes. The other one, of two hundred and twenty acres, lies on the Similkameen and is also utilized for hay. He expects to improve this in excellent shape and make it his permanent home. In addition to this property mentioned Mr. Loudon owns a residence in Loomis, where he is at the present time.

George W. Loudon was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on August 12, 1855, the son of Oberlin and Eliza (Pavitt) Loudon. The mother was born in Lincolnshire, England, came with her parents to the United States when young and died in 1861. The father was born in Carlisle, Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, on December 6, 1830, the sixth of a family of seventeen children. He was educated for the ministry and later retired from that and took up the machinist business. The paternal grandfather of our subject, James Loudon, was also born in Carlisle, the date being 2vlarch 9, 1799. He was a publisher and book binder and died at the age of eighty-four. The great grandfather of our subject, Archibald Loudon, was born in Pennsyvania in 1854, served as colonel in the Revolution and was appointed by President Washington the first postmaster of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. He died aged eighty-six. Archibald Loudon, the great-great-grandfather of our subject, was born while his parents were crossing the ocean from Scotland to the American colonies, the event taking place when their ship was in the gulf stream.

Our subject has one sister, IMrs. Mary L. Hollingsworth. He grew up in Philadelphia and there was Avell educated. On account of his father working at the machinist trade he learned the same and wrought in the shops in Philadelphia, Pittsburg and Altoona. In 1875 he came to Carson, Nevada, whither his father had come, and there was tool sharpener for some time, then took charge of the large water works there, after which service he went to Bodie, California. In 1883 he came to Seattle and two years later was in Ellensburg, where he did farming and stock raising. In the fall of 1 89 1 he came to his present farm in the vicinity of Oroville and located land. He had a large band of cattle and the winter of 1892-3 nearly wiped them out. He sold out his cattle in TOGO and iiought sheep, which stock he

On April 3. 1876, Air. Loudon married Miss Maria, daughter of Hugh and Jane Montgomery, of Scotch-Irish extraction. The father died in Ellensburg, aged eighty-eight. The mother passed away in San Francisco in her sixty-seventh year. Mrs. Loudon was born in Ireland and has three brothers, Dr. John Alontgomery, a prominent physician, Charles, a wealthy hotel man, and George, a capitalist, all in San Francisco. To Mr. and Mrs. Loudon there have been born the following children : Elizabeth, wife of F. Richter, of Keremeos, British Columbia; Ada, wife of C. Richter, in Hedley, British Columbia; George F. ; May I.; Charles M. ; Paul F. ; Francis R. ; Ruth and Llovd. Mr. Loudon is a member of the \V. W. '

DANIEL G. CHILSON. Surely the reliable prospector is a man deserving credit from every American citizen, since the vast quantities of wealth of this country have been brought to life through his efforts. Following this unique and strong character always goes the mining engineer and expert, whose forces assist to bring into circulation these vast amounts discovered by the prospector. The mining expert is also a great benefactor. When we find both these ciualities combined in one man, who is promoted by an energy that never tires and directed by keen wisdom and consummate skill which leads to success after success, we certainly have men deserving of especial mention in the history of the country. Such a one is the subject of this article. Mr. Chilson is not a school made man, although he is a student. He is a thorougli worker ai)d understands the science of geology, metallurgy, mineralogy, chemistry, assaying and so forth, as far as they are real and not theoretical. He is decidedly a practical man in all these lines, and in financial lines as well. The magnificent success that he has achieved, stamps him a man of great caliber and broad views.

Daniel G. Chilson was born in Burleson county, Texas, October 9, 1849, the son of Judge S. L. and Sophie M. (Jenkins) Chilson. The father was a native of Indiana, married in Missouri and moved to Texas, where he operated the Chilson hotel in Caldwell. The family later moved to Bandera county, where the father was elected county judge. He served the confederate cause through the Civil War, after which he came to California and where he has remained since. Our subject was liberally educated and early developed a propensity for independent, personal investigation, the prosecution of which has given him his success in life largely. In 1868 he was favored with a companionship with Colonel K. S. \\'oolsey, in extended hunting tours through Arizona, and during this time he became an expert shot. In 1 87 1 he was in California and roved about over the state. In 1873 '^^ went to Arizona and discovered some lead mines at Castle Dame. He was soon shipping ore to San Francisco and continued the same until he came out a few hundred dollars in debt. Being a man of energv" he was not daunted and this failure simply whetted his appetite for further mining ventures. Gaining the assistance of James M. Narney, a wealthy wholesale merchant at Yuma, }oung Chilson was soon in the field again and discovered the Silver Nuggett, from which he cleaned up eighty-two thousand dollars in a very short time. Major W. W. Leland, of New York, was the man that introduced him to the New York capitalists with whom he was enabled to stock the mine, in which deal he made two hundred thousand dollars more. His next discovery was the Mineral Creek mines, where he located a mill at the expense of ninety thousand dollars and lost the whole thing, through hostile Indians. Other reverses in mining speculations took all of what he had left, except a twenty-five thousand dollar farm in Los Angeles county. Following this Mr. Chilson was in various deals, both gaining and losing money, always clinging to the mining ventures. It may be said of him that what he made in mining he would always use to further develop some property. In 1876 he cohimenced assaying and in every department in the science he made thorough investigations, until he is now a most skillful expert. In 1876 Mr. Chilson took charge of the Young America mine, near Bossburg, and one year later located in Loomis. Since coming here he has put through several good deals, besides attending to a general assaying business. Mr. Chilson is entire owner of the Paymaster grciuiJ of mines, located about fifteen miles west of Loomis, on Toat Coulee creek, and indications show tliat there is a fortune waiting for him in this property. In 1S88 he located his present farm, which joins the town of Loomis, and is a very valuable property. He has a good residence, commodious office and laboratory near by, a thousand bearing trees and raises cattle.

On January 13, 1891, Mr. Chilson married Miss Jennie, daughter of Joseph and Sarah J. (Wilkes) Hall, mentioned elsewhere in this volume. To them one child, Daniel G., Jr., has been born. Mrs. Chilson is a well educated lady and has become thoroughly interested in mining assays, as is her husband, and has rendered Mr. Chilson most valuable assistance. Too much credit can scarcely be given to this remarkable lady for the self denial and excellent spirit manifested in her husband's business, which at times is exceedingly trying and arduous, and especially so in the hours Avhen the clouds iiang low. Mr. and Mrs. Chilson have hosts of friends and are well respected in the community.

CHARLES GRANT resides six miles north from Pateros and gets his mail at Methow. He is one of the pioneer settlers of the Methow valley and has been constantly engaged in the good labor of improvement and development since the time of his migration to this point. When he first came here the supplies had to be drawn from Sprague and Spokane and the mail was obtained at Waterville. He was one of twelve settlers of the lower ]\Iethow valley, at that time. Eighteen hundred eighty-eight was the year in which he took his present land by squatter's right, to which he has since obtained title through the homestead right. The land is well fenced and supplied with other improvements, including buildings, orchards and so forth. His ranch is subirrigated by seven living springs and he raises three crops of alfalfa without irrigation._ Mr. Grant raises from seventy-five to one hundred head of cattle each year and produces all the hay and forage necessary f(^r the same on his own ranch. He has also plenty of horses and raises a great many hogs.

of Charles and Jane (Ross) Grant, natives of Scotland, where they remained until their death. Our subject spent the first twenty years of his life in his native land, being trained by his father in the good work of the husbandman. In educational lines he received his training in the public schools. At the age of twenty he departed from his home and soon landed in Ontario, Canada, where he farmed for four years. He next went to Grant county, Oregon, remaining there and near Day ville until 1888, in which year he came to the Methow, as noted above.

Fraternally Mr. Grant is a member of the W. O. W. He is a man of good standing in the community and has never yet seen fit to forsake the joys of the celibatarian for a voyage on the matrimonial sea.

EDWARD S. OVERACKER, who resides eight miles south of Kipling, is one of the leading stock men and farmers of this section. He has manifested a true pioneer spirit, in that he wended his way to this country and has opeiied up a good farm, while he possesses other property in the older settled sections.

Edward S. Overacker was born in Jones county, Iowa, on October 10, 1866. His father, William Overacker, was born in Ohio and served in the Civil War, being discharged on account of disability. He married Miss Lydia Kramer, a native of Ohio, and to them were born tweh-e children. Those living are named as follows, Mrs. Adelia Denney, Mrs. Phoebe Wilson, Mrs. Emma Brigham, and our subject. When our subject was six years of age the family came to Red Willow county, Nebraska, and in 1877 they journeyed thence by ox team to the vicinity of Genesee, Idaho, putting up the first store in that section. The father took a homestead. It was seven miles distant from the nearest neighbor, and there he devoted his labors until his death, in 1884. The mother remained there three years longer, then passed a\\ay.

On June 21, 1890, Mr. Overacker married Miss ]\Iay Arant, a native of Coos county, Oregon. Her parents, Samuel F. and Martha, came to Oregon in a very early day and later maved to Idaho. Not liking the country they returned to Mansfield, Oregon, where they now live. In 1897 Mr. Overacker was called to mourn the death of his beloved wife, who had borne to him two children. Louisa, born on June 6, 1894, and now living with her father; Laura, born on January 28, 1896, who died January 18, 1900. When the reservation opened Mr. Overacker was ready to come hither and located his present place, to the improvement and cultivation of which he has since devoted himself. He has a good orchard, plenty of water and his land is of the best in this vicinity.- Fraternally Mr. Overacker is affiliated with the W. W., while in religious persuasion he belongs to the United Brethren denomination, of which church also his wife was a member. Mr. Overacker is esteemed as one of the good citizens of the country and has shown himself thrifty and industrious.

SAM PATTERSON is an energetic and sagacious stockman and farmer of Okanogan county, residing about three miles north from Twisp, where he owns a valuable estate, all under ditch and especially adapted for alfalfa raising. Substantial improvements adorn the farm and ]\Ir. Patterson is constantly adding to them and is making his place one of the best farms in the county. He feeds about fifty head of cattle each winter, has a nice orchard and is a prosperous citizen.

Sam Patterson is a native of the Evergreen state, being born at Walla Walla, on June 25, 1864, the son of Robert and Vine (Garshie) Patterson, who are now retired from active life and are dwelling in Illinois. In the schools of Walla Walla :\Ir. Patterson received his educational training and remained there and in the adjoining county until 1889, when he sought a place in Okanogan county, six miles west of where he now lives. Seven years were spent in opening up and developing that farm, then Mr. Patterson Ix)ught his present place and has resided there since. He produces many tons of alfalfa annually and has become skillful in handling that excellent crop. ]Mr. Patterson takes an interest in the upbuilding of the county, and especially in the betterment of the educational facilities and has been director of his district for six successive years.

W. and the F. O. A. Mr. Patterson is also interested in the Bartley Irrigation Company, being one of the incorporators of the same. Their ditch is now built. In 1891, in Methow valley, Mr. Patterson married Miss Elsie Hartle, daughter of John and Merrilda (Clemens) Hartle. The father is a farmer in the ]\Iethow valley, while the mother died when Mrs. Patterson was a child. Six children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Patterson, Albert Merrelda, J. Arthur, Joseph L.. Anna V. and Earl F.

PETER L. FILER, who is one of the earliest settlers in the Alethow valley, is today one of the prominent men of the valley and also one of its prosperous farmers and stockmen.

Peter L. Filer was born in Dallas county, Texas, on April 9, 1862, the son of Jacob and Martha (Bacies) Filer, farmers in that county. Our subject received a good education from the common schools, and remained with his parents until he was grown to manhood. Then came a period of ranching for himself, and in 1885 he erected a cotton gin, which he operated successfully at Mesquite, Texas, for some time. After that we see j\'Ir. Filer on the road for an agricultural implement house, and in 1887 he came to W'ashington. For a short time he remained in Kittitas county and then sought out his present place, about five miles east from Twisp. He has one hundred and sixty acres, well unproved, and largely sown to alfalfa. In addition to this IMr. Filer has another quarter section in the valley, which also is alfalfa land and which is well improved. He has comfortable buildings on both places and a well assorted orchard for home use. Mr. Filer also raises stock and is one of the leading men of this section. He is a stockholder in the Okanogan Record at Conconully, and a man who takes great interest in the welfare of the community.

In Wise couty, Texas, in 1881, Mr. Filer married to Miss Emma F., daughter of Benjamin and Amanda (Sweet) Cole, farmers of Dallas county. One child, Ernest E., was born to this union. In 1885, at Mesquite, Texas, Mr. Filer was called to mourn the death of his wife. On July 3, 1896. Mr. Filer married Miss Bertha, daughter of M. G. and Eliza (Nickell)

Stone, who now dwell on Bear creek, in Okanogan county. To this marriage there have been born the following children, Ora Belle, Imogene and an infant girl unnamed. Mr. Filer is a member of the W. O. W. and the Order of Washington and for eight successive years he has been clerk of his school district. Mr. Filer was the first mail carrier from Ruby to Silver, over the Loop Loop trail. This was in the winter of 1889. After that he contracted to carry the daily mail from Brewster to Winthrop. He is a man of excellent principles and has won for himself hosts of friends.

WILLIAM F. RUARK is one of the enterprising and successful mining men and farmers of Okanogan county, and is at present residing in Pateros, where he also owns property. He was born in Platte county, Missouri, on November 10. 1854, the son of Franklin and Martha M. (Wells) Ruark. The father died when this son was two years old and the mother later married John B. Simmons and is now living in Heppner, Oregon. The public schools of his native place furnished the educational training that our subject was favored with, and when he had reached man's estate he migrated to Modoc county, in northern California, and there engaged in blacksmithing, a trade he had learned in his younger days. Later he went to Boise and there beat his anvil to the tune of honest industry for seven years. After this he located in Heppner, Oregon, and there wrought at the forge for twelve years. After this he came on to Okanogan county and took up stock raising. In 1900 he removed from the ranch to Pateros and has resided there since. Adjoining the town Mr. Ruark has a fruit ranch of forty-nine acres, which is well set to the various kinds of fruit that do well in this latitude. Among these may be mentioned peaches, appl^, prunes, plums, grapes and so forth. A portion of the land is producing good alfalfa, being under a ditch. Mr. Ruark's son is now attending to the farm and resides there. Mr. Ruark is superintendent of the Black Eagle mines and half owner. He is also interested in other property and is prosperous. Politically Mr. Ruark has always been a Democrat and is active in this realm. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and has served as justice of the peace.

At Boise, Idaho, on July 4, 1879, Mr. Ruark married Miss Mary A., daughter of Francis M. and Hannah (Bacon) Wilmarth. One son, Egbert A., has been born to them, the date of his nativity being August 30, 1880. This young man married Miss Annie Thurlow, and they have one little girl, Thema A.

JOHN C. GARRETT is one of the industrious and prosperous farmers of the Methow valley, and resides seven miles west from Twisp. He was born in Hickman county, Tennessee, on November 10, 1839, the son of James B. and Charity (Kimmons) Garrett, natives of Tennessee. They both died in Arkansas. Our subject remained in Tennessee until eighteen, getting his educational training there, and gaining vigor by the excellent exercise of an agricultural life. At the age last mentioned he went to Washington county, Arkansas, and thence in 1879, to Modoc county, California, where he farmed until 1882. Then I\Ir. Garrett came to Harney county, Oregon, and there raised cattle, horses and mules until 1900. In that year he came to the Methow valley and bought his present place, which he is improving in a very fine manner. He is still handling horses and mules and is skilled in these lines. Mr. Garrett has an estate of one half section and is making it a fine farm. He formerly was in the merchandise business in Arkansas, but takes more pleasure in stock raising.

On June i, 1861, Mr. Garrett enlisted in Company I, Third Arkansas Infantry, in the confederate army, and fought in the battles of Wilson Creek, Elk Horn and Corinth, besides many others. In 1863 he was transferred to the cavalry, under General J. M. Fagan, where he served until June 5, 1865, when he surrendered with his regiment at Jacksonport, Arkansas. After the first year in the infantry ]\Ir. Garrett was lieutenant, and in the cavalry he was captain of his company, which was called the Paw Paw Rangers. After the war Mr. Garrett took up Democratic politics and has adhered to that line since that time. He was chairman of the first Democratic central committee of Harney county and has held various responsible offices in the places where he has resided. In 1902 Mr. Garrett ran for the legislature against Dr. J. I. Pogue and was defeated by only forty-two votes. Dr. Pogue was one of the earliest pioneers of the county and our subject had been here Ijut a short time. This shows the popularity he has acquired in this short time.

In 1895. while in Washington county, Arkansas, Mr. Garrett married Miss Nancy E., daughter of Thomas and Nancy (Sharp) Dodson, natives of Tennessee. The father was a prominent Baptist preacher for fifty years. To Mr. and Mrs. Garrett the following named children have been born : Edna, wife of Simon Lewis, of Burns. Oregon ; Julia, wife of Judge T. J. Shields, of Harney county, Oregon : Emma, wife of R. J. Williams, county commissioner of Harney county; Lizzie, wife of P. M. Cheney, of Harney county; Stella, wife of R. N. Miller, of Twisp; Arlu, wife of A. G. Vanderpool, in Harney county; R. C., married to Lora Rader, and living in Twisp; Joseph T., single and operating a harness and saddle shop in Burns, Oregon ; and two others, who died in infancy, one son and one daughter.

JAMES M. HOLT has accomplished a work in Okanogan county which speaks for itself. He is residing in the town of Pateros where he owns about eighty-five acres of land, forty-five of which are under a fine ditch, his own private property. Over twenty acres of this irrigated land is set out to fruit, mostly peaches, and at the present time is bearing well. Mr. Holt's place is one of the finest fruit ranches in the Columbia valley and is especially adapted to this industry. The farm is laid out in a very skillful manner and everything about indicates the ability and good taste of the owner. It is a very valuable piece of property.

James M. Holt was born in Jones county, Iowa, on March 2. 1863, the son of William and Isabelle (Nickels) Holt, natives of Indiana and Maine, respectively, and now deceased. In the public schools of his native state James M. was well educated, and when he had reached ihe ag'. of twenty, departed from his home to try his fortune for himself in the world at large. He located at Deadwood. South Dakota, where eleven years were spent in farming. After this he was an incorporator of the Covina ^^^-\ter Company and spent three years in this enterprise. It was in 1900 that ]\Ir. Holt located in Okanogan county, four and one-half miles northwest of Pateros. Soon after he sold his place and secured the farm where he now resides.

Fraternally Mr. Holt is a member of the W. O. W. and is a popular and substantial citizen. On April 25, 1887, at Deadwood, Mr. Holt married Miss Mary A., daughter of William and Margaret (Donaldson) Burns, natives of Ireland and England, respectively.

To Mr. and Mrs. Holt eight children have been born, named as follows: William M., May B., Edward V., Harry A., Hester A., Margaret, John and Leonard.