Spokane County, Washington - Chapter 15: Spokane City, Coxtina'ed 1 S8o to 1 89o, 1900

Chapter 15: Spokane City, Coxtina'ed 1 S8o to 1 89o

The year 1880 was not especially lively from a business standpoint, but was made so by the great contest over the i)ermanent location of the county seat. In fact there was quite a lull in the little town, the people waiting patiently the coming of the Northern Pacific Railway, which was being rapidly constructed east- \^-ard from Ainsworth this way. Ainsworth was once a flourishing town on the junction of the Snake and Columbia rivers. But there is nothing to be seen today but sage-brush. Before the railroad reached here a syndicate of speculators, railroad men and some others, laid out a new townsite sixteen miles west of here and ga\-e it the name of a Boston capitalist, Cheney. The new town grew rapidly, and many had strong faith in its future, because it was the railroad town. Some doubtless risked their fortunes on it, believing that a town that had a oreat railroad corporation behind it would surelv become the metropolis of eastern Washineton.

With the co-operation of the settlers of the adjacent country, especially the four lakes region, ]\Iedical Lake, the new town of Cheney, captured the county seat by a small and what some have dared to claim, doubtful, majority. This gave a great advantage for a while, and it seemed as if the ambitions of its prime originators were going to be realized.

The railroad reached Spokane Falls in 1881, and resulted in renewed activity, but not up to reasonable expectations. The influence of men in high jjlaces, the jiractical managers of the Northern Pacific Railroad. ga\'e the ri\-al town of Cheney the cream of the business for two or three years. But the enterprising Ijusiness men made the best of the situation and made a lirave fight against adverse circumstances, though they had corporation magnates to contend with. In July the secimd paper, the Chronicle, was started, and the Times issued a daily for several months.

Two church buildings were started this year, the Congregational and the Methodist Episcopal, the former on the southwest corner of Sprague and Bernard, and the latter on the southvicst corner of Sprague and Washington. During this month the first brick block was erected. It was built by the Wolverton Bros, on the niirtheast corner of Riverside and Mill, where the Wolverton block stands now. The first building was 30x50. It marked a new era in building and was a ])rophecy of the inii)osing Ijrick blncks of today. This year was characterized ]_)y the inauguration of an educational movement of great moment. Father Cataldo, S. J., purchased half a section of land on the north side of the river, on part of which the magnificent Gonzaga College was completed last year. The whole half section is l)eing rapidly filled with elegant homes and has already become one of the most desirable and convenient resident portions of the city. On the eastern part is located the Academy of the Holy Names and the Orphanage, two elegantly ecjuipped Inn'ldings. Fuller treatment of R(.)- man Catholic institutions "is found in another chapter. The Methodists established a college on the north side, west of Monroe, on land donated bv Col. D. P. Jenkins. This also we leave for further treatment in another chajiter.

This vear (1881). with a population of aljout one thousand, the city of Spokane Falls was incorporated. The late Hon. Rol)ert \V. Forrest, a native of Pennsylvania, a worthy man, ^vas apj^ointed mayor. 'In the roll of honor of the first city council we find S. G. Havermale, A. M. Cannon, Dr. L. H. Whitehouse, L. \\". Rima. F. R. Moore, George A. Davis, W. C. Gray. Four have gone to the great majority - Forrest, Cannon, Rima, who surveyed the original town site, and Moore died in the city. Dr. Whitehouse lives in Oakland. California. George .A. Davis resides at Snohomish .and W. C. Gray on his fine hay and fruit ranch in Stevens county.

It was late in June when the Northern Pacit}- i\ailroad was built in and through this city. It is neeilless to say that it was a time of great rejoicing. It dispelled the feeling of isolation from the rest of the world. It brought a pleasaiU consciousness of oneness with east and west of this grand and \'ast countrj'. It dissipated distance, for it made communication with friends and relatives a matter of days instead of weeks ;md months. On the Fourth of July there was a grand celebration with an excursion to Cheney. It was the first ride in railway cars for some of the younger generation. Mr. James .\. i\eid. now a fruit grower of Kendrick, Idaho, who was the Northern Pacific train despatcher here when tlie first train entered the town, in an interview reported iu the Chronicle, said :

"That was nearly eighteen years ago. Spokane was a stupid little village of about five hundred peo[)le. We used to wonder whether it would ever amount to anything - didn't believe it would. But it has fooled us on that guess.

liappy. Fireworks? No, we didn't have any fireworks to send off if we had wanted to; but somebody did load a big lot of giant powder into the rocks where the Pacific hotel stands, and when the train came in he touched off the fuse. Did the rocks scatter ? Well !

"And after that? To tell the truth, after the train came in pretty nearly every man in town felt thirsty and proceeded to take a drink; and they kept on taking them the rest of that day. Everybody drunk? No, I guess there were a few sober men left that night, but they were pretty scarce."

Before the close of this year the sawmill passed into the hands of A. M. Cannon. It had never proved a very profitable investment and did not until E. J. Brickell became part owner and practical manager. Early in iSSi the construction of the second Hour mill was begun by S. G. Havermale and George A. Davis. It was looked upon by those not interested as a doubtful enterprise. It was built where the Echo mill is now. It took two years to have it in operation with a capacity of a hundred barrels a day. Air. Cannon erected what \\as considered then cjuite an imposing three-story building on the corner of Riverside and Mill where the Marble Bank building and part of the Crescent store stand today.

A new hotel on modern plans was built by Air. Keyser on the corner of Post street and Railroad avenue. The First National Bank was organized with P. R. Moore as president, J. N. Glover, vice-president, and M. M. Cutter, cashier. The place of business was the southwest corner of Howard and Front, where a four-story brick building has been recently erected by Mr. Jerome Drumheller. Mr. Zeigler removed his store of hardware to where the Zeigler block now is.

First F.Lectiox

E. B. Hyde was the first unpaid city marshal, who discharged his duties with a fidelity ecjual to a high-salaried officer. During the year 1882 Air. S. J. Arthur built a hotel on the corner of Alain and Howard, where the Bennett lilock is. After conducting it for about a year he sold it to Air. J. AI. (jrimmer, the wellkno\\'n truckman of today.

First Fire

January 19, 18S3, was the coldest night of an unusually cold winter - twenty-six degrees l.ielow zero. Early in the morning the people were awakened from their peaceful slumbers by the cry of Fire! Fire! Soon nearly all the male population was on the street ready to fight the ravaging flames. In the absence of a fire department there was nothing to do but organize bucket brigades. This was done, and they made an heroic fight to arrest the progress of the flames. The fire started in the store of I'. R. Aloore & Co., corner of Howard and Front, and it consumed the northern half of that block. It was a heavy loss, for they were not well protected by insurance, and it needed pluck and courage to overcome it, which were not wanting. Brick buildings were erected on the burned district by Forrest, Hyde, Gandy, French and Rima. Also on other parts of Howard, by Glover and Aloore and Porter. \Vilson, Jamieson and Brown erected blocks on Riverside.

The Review was f.iunded liy Hon. F. AI. Dallam, a brilliant newspaper man who came from California. He was an indefatigable worker, and did much through his paper to promote the interests of the city. He continued till 1888. He has been since a registrar of the United States land office at W'aterville, Douglas county, and is now publishing and editing the Lincoln Times at Davenport. During this vear the Chronicle became the property of Air.

Late this year the discovery of placer mines in the Coeur d"Alene country attracted special attention to that country, resulting in a great influx of people this way. This, with the completion of the Northern Pacific Railway, gave Spokane Falls a great impetus. During the winter it was the rendezvous of a large number of adventurous prospectors and otliers that follow in their train, giving a lively aspect to the young but ambitious city. When the season opened, or was supposed to be. there was a perfect stampede to the mountains of nurthern Idaho. The impetus given the city gave place to the organization of the board of trade. Transportation was facilitated by running a stage line to Cceur d'Alene City to connect with boats on the lake. The expectations were such that a railroad in Ca-ur d'.Mene was ])rojected. which proved premature. The rush tn the Ccjeur d'Alene was. altogether too early, the winter having been a severe one. The ])lacer mines did not "pan out" as expected, and disappointment awaited a large majnrity of the miners, who retreated almost as fast as they went in. To their impatience and lack of careful and intelligent ]:)rospecting is doubtless to be attributed their failure to discover the possibilities of a country which has subsequently proved so profitable. The sudden sulisidence of the Cceur d' .\lene excitement in relation to which expectations had risen so high, had a depressing effect upon this city. But this was counteracted in a great degree by mineral tliscoveries in other directions, in the Colville valley and in the region of the Pend o' Oreille lake, giving this city a start as a mining center. So depression was soon followed by renewed courage on the part of the people.

During this season more brick blocks were erected. It was also marked liy a fire which consumed many of the frame buildings. Among tlie most important additions to the mercantile firms were Loewenberg Bros, and Great Eastern Company. The first newspaper write-up of Sp(A-ane Falls we find in a supplement of the Chronicle dated October ii, 1883. It is interesting and it gives us a glimpse of Spokane asit was sixteen years ago. It begins with a. description of the "Spokane country" in its broadest sense. Then the primary features of the immediate neighborhood of Spokane Falls are presented. The localities familiarly known as Saltesc l,ake and California Ranch districts to the east, Moran prairie to the south. White Bluff prairie to the west, and Five ^^lile. Wild Rose, Peone, and Pleasant prairies to the north. Spokane Falls is set forth as the oldest town in Spokane county, with a population of one thousand five hundred and the natural metrt)pi)tis of eastern Washington. In it we find that there were six religious denominationsrejjresented here, five having houses of worship. "The business interests comprise two b;inks. three wholesale and retail general merchandise stores, three drug stores, three grocery and provision stores, one commission store, two millinery stores, two watchmakers and jewelers, three gents' furnishing stores, four hardware stores, two furniture stores, three agricultural imjjlement stores, three harness stores, three li\ery and exjjress staliles. three blacksmith shops, one machine shop, one carriage manufactory, two flouring mills, one saw,. shingle and planing mill, one sash and door factory, four fruit and confectionery stores,, two meat markets, one bakery, one soda water factory, one fruit nursery, oiie shoe store, two shoemaker sho])s, one photograph gallery, two ])aint shops, four contractors and builders, onehide and fur depot, one gun and locksmith,, three barljer shojis, two breweries, one wholesale lic|uor store, eight saloon's, five hotels and' tliree restaurants. The carrying business is represented by one railroad, two express companies, tliree stage lines and two telegraphs. This is the distributing point for upcountry mails, which is a verv heavv business. The

United States land office lias just I)een located liere and will add much to the business pros- ],'erit}'. Of ])rofessional men there are six law firms, six real estate and insurance agencies, eight physicians, one dentist, one college president, six teachers and two newspaper editors." The various blocks are described. The public school building, nearly completed, is referred to with pride for its architectural beauty and convenience "as an ornament to the town to be ]>ointe(l out to strangers with just pride." The building was a wooden structure, 40.\68 and two stories in height, with four school rooms, two on each floor. It can be seen to-dav in a lather dilapidated condition on the corner of Fifth avenue and Bernard street. The only sash and door factory in town, owned 1)V lohnson. Burns & Wiscombe, is described. So also the water power, with special reference to the ease wherewith it could he utilized. It concludes with words that are both eulogistic and hortat(>ry : "This fall has already witnessed an acceleration in all branches of business which lully ef|uals the expectations of the most sanguine. The completion of the Northern Pacific to the east has increased immigration and the discovery of gold in the Creur fl" .Alene mountains has brought miners to this region who are getting their outfits here, and the liberal cash market for grain and produce of all kinds is making money plentiful. This is a good place for all active and wide-awake lousiness and professional men, for skillful mechanics, for capable housekeepers and for industrious, courageous, intelligent farmers and laborers. It is no lazv mrui's paradise. If you want lands, health, laI)or, business, wealth and to grow up with most fa\-ored conditions in the country come to Spokane."

Among the significant impro\enients of the year 1884 was the issuing of a daily Evening Review, which began in .Mav. It continued an evening paper till the fall of i88r). The difficulties have been nianv .ind the struggles intense incident to limitations, catastrophes and

A local company started to put in a Holly water system, but lack of funds brought the enterprise to a stand-still. In the emergency an association of thirty men was started which guaranteed one thousand dollars each and the system was completed. The Kcho mill supplied the water power. During the following spring the city bought the plant and reimbursed the enterprising citizens who had so liberally subscrilied towards its completion. It is with considerable pride that we mention the fact that municipal ownership of the water-supply system lias l)een a fact in Spokane ever since, and is is giving increased satisfaction, which is an unansweralile argument in fa\'or of that principle.

The season of 1885 was a trying one on business men and some of them collapsed. The ijuilding of the Canadian Pacific Railway over the Rocky mountains proved of considerable advantage during this year.

Mr. H. McCartney had a contract to supply the railway constructors with prox'isions and other necessities, which was done from this city. The licjuor business became a lively and lucrati\-e one. Poor whiskey sold in Spokane at four dollars a gallon, was smuggled o\er the line, it is said, and sold for from ten to twenty dollars a gallon.

The discovery of the Old Domini(^n mines near Colville by Mr. E. E. Alexander and A. E. Benoist of this city, which proved very rich, renewed interest in the Cfeur d' Alene nunes, which were now 1)ecoming a magnet of attraction as a (|uartz instead of a placer mining camp, and marked a new epoch in the city's historv. This year the donzaga college and church buildings were completed, both brick. The C. & C. mill was built and began operalions. Late in the year the Traders' National Bank was organized, with E. J. Brickell as president and Tacob Hoover as cashier. Two man- ufacturing plants were established, also an electric plant. The Legislature passed, to submit to the people to vote upon, the relocation of the county seat. The north side of the river had begun to be settled with residences. The location of the Methodist College in Jenkins' addition created considerable expectation in that direction. Some good houses for the time were erected. Jenkins. Rue, Percival, Bisbee, Muzzy. A few had built homes in Heath's addition : among tlie first was ex-councilman J. A. Long on Augusta and Pearl.

At the opening of the year 1886 there was a lull in business and no demand for real estate, especially in tlie suburbs, but it witnessed a new era in prosperity. People of all classes and occupations began to flock in from all directions, and many of them with capital. The agricultural region of the Palouse and Big Bend as the result of extensive advertising, primarily by the railroad company and citizens of Spokane, attracted multitudes of people this way in search of land. Many of these were so impressed by this city and its prospects as to invest and make their homes here. This year is n(.!ted as the one in which the first firanch railroad was built from here. The Spokane cS: Palouse was constructed, leaving the main line of the Northern Pacific Railroad at ^Marshall and completed as far as Belmont. The terminus was in this city and it contributed materially to its prosperity. !Mr. Paul F. ^lohr. an accom])lished civil engineer, who came here from New York City, .and Hon. A. il. Cannon were prominent factors in this important enterprise.

The mining developments were such and prospects assumed such significance in the south fork of the Ca'ur d'Alene river, as to lead the intrepid and successful railroader, D. C. Corbin, Esq., to construct the Spokane & Idaho Rail- "^vay, leaving the main Northern Pacific line about nineteen miles east of the city. At Coeur d' Alene city it connected with steamers and with a narrow gauge line frrmi tlie mission to the mines. The enterprise proved profitable

During this year some mineral discoveries were made in the Okanogan country in which Spokane men became interested. It also witnessed the incipiency of the street railway system w hich has already developed to great proportions. The Spokane Electric Light & Power Comjjany was organized, wdiich absorbed the original one. Its progress from that time to this has been i)henomenal.

That year the Sacred Heart hospital was built, a fine brick structure three stories in height, facing Front avenue between Brown and Bernard streets. Its doors were opened on the 30th day of April.

The Washington & Idaho Association was organized and the first Spokane County Fair was held that fall. The Review became a morning paper and began to take associated press reports. In the summer the Chronicle became ;ui evening daily. Major E. A. Routhe, an accomplished journalist, became associated with Mr. 11. T. Cowley in editorial work. Mr. W. 1). Plants launched out in the wholesale grocery business exclusively. Several threestory blocks were erected, the Keats, Hyde, Wolvcrton and Moore blocks. The Arlington, the first four-story building, went up. The First Presbyterian church built a neat and cozy building of brick-veneer on the present site of the towering Review building. This year the city entered on a new industrial epoch, in the organization of the Spokane Mill Company, with Mr. E. J. Brickell, a man of executive genius, as manager, A factory and mill were put in motion in connection with it. The county seat question was settled forever in favor of Spokane, It had now become the principal city of eastern Washington, at least of the upper country.

If we take a retrospective view of things for four or fi\e years, we find that a village of five hundred people has become a city of four thousand people. A city in some respects as- suming metropolitan proportions, enjoying many of the conveniences and facilities of eastern cities. The limits have been extended, water power utilized, two daily papers started, a bridge spanning the river, three flour mills and two banks, and several saw'mills and factories, two branch railways, and wonderful progress in all the various lines necessary to make it a commercial center. The year 1S77 was a prosperous one. The improvements too numerous to mention in detail. Wholesome developments in all directions. A great influx of people, many of them to take up land in the adjacent country. Railroads were projected, lime kilns built, mining prospects discovered, all contributing to the increase of faith in Spokane as the Queen City of the Inland Empire. In June of this year the population was estimated at seven thousand. It continued to augment rapidly. Many business houses going up in the centre and homes in the residence portion. Signs of life everywhere, real estate value enhancing so that some were making a fortune in a day. The Spokane oatmeal mills were built and began operations. They were at first managed by a stock company, but were soon sold to W'adhams & OIney, the products lieing rolled oats, rye-flour, buckwheat flour, corn-meal ami hominy. The mills were biH'ued and never rebuilt.

So the city grew during 1S87 and 1888, making an enviable reputation for pluck and progress. To record the material and other developments in detail would fill many pages. The same rate of progress continued during the early part of 1889. The population trebled in less than three years. Si)okane Falls was known all over the land as one of the most progressive cities in the Northwest, and its citizens as unsurpassed in energy and enterprise. In appearance it would compare favorably with many of the older cities of the east, and new comers were both astonished and delighted with the beauty of the location, the progressiveness of the people and magnitude and prospects of the city. Thirty squares were filled with substantial business houses.

The year 1889 was one pregnant with important events. But there is one that stands out conspicuous among all the others. It was the year of the

All the business portion of the city was consumed by the devouring flames. It was a scene never to be forgotten by those who witnessed it. Sunday, .\ugust 4, was a warm day. Many of the people were rusticating by the lakes and streams, consequently it was rather (|uiet even for the Sabbath day. But verily before nightfall excitement and confusion reigned. We feel justified in presenting the principal facts connected with the great fire, as they appeared in the S])okane Falls Review, the second morning after it occurred, August 6, 1889.

"The m(_>st devastating fire that ever occurred in the history of the world, according to population, swept over the business portion of this city .Sunday night.

"It originated at 6:15 P. M. in the roof of a lodging house on Railroad avenue, the third door west of Post street. A dead calm pre- \-ailed at the time, and sjjectators supposed the firemen woukl speedily bring the flames under control. This could have been done if jjroper precautions had lieen taken. But the superintendent of the water works was out of the city, and for some reason the men in charge failed to respond to the call for more pressure.

"Th.e heat created a current of air, and in less tiian. half an hour the entire block of frame shacks were enveloped in flames, and burning sliingles and other debris filled the air, igniting several adjacent blocks at tlie same time.

"Opposite the block in which the fire originated stood the Pacific hotel, one of the handsomest structures in the Northwest. It was soon abl.-ize. and by that time a high wind prevailed from the .southwest, and it was evident that the entire business portion of the city was in danger. ]\Ia}-m- Furth ordered that buildings l)e Itldwn up with giant powder to check the spread of the fire. This order was speedily put into execution, and the explosives added to the reign of terror. The picture was weird, grand and awful, as block after block yielded to the (lemon of destruction. The sky was overcast with lilack clouds, and a strong wind sprang up from the northeast, fanning the flames furiously, while an upper current continued to carry the burning timbers in an

"The Grand hotel, the Frankfurt block, the ^^'indsor hotel, the Washington block, tb.e Eagle block, the TuU block, the new Ciranite block, the Gushing liuilding, the Falls Gity opera-house, the Hyde block, all the banks, and in fact every house between railroad avenue north to the river, from Lincoln street east to Washington street, with the exception of a few buildings in the northeast corner, were totally destroyed.

"Meanwhile, a sudden change in the direction of the wind carried the fire southward across Kailroad a\'enue, and destroyed the Northern Pacific passenger and freight depots and several cars. The freight depot was a

pr)wder, the hoarse shouts of men* and the piteous shrieks of women and children. Looking upward a broad and mighty river of flame seemed lined against the jet black sk\'. Occasionally the two opposing currents of Avind would meet, creating a roaring whirl- Avind of fire that seemed to penetrate the clouds as a ])onderous screw, while lesser whirlwinds danced about its base. i)erf(irming all sorts of fantastic gyrations. In this manner the appalling monster held high carnival until about

Howard street bridge o\er.the Spokane river went down. A boom of logs took fire and shimmered for hours on the crystal surface of the ri\er, and many times flying pillars of fire crossed the river, igniting the mammoth lumber and flouring mills that line its banks: Init by heroic efforts its career was checked on the south side of the stream. But looking back, the beholder witnessed a scene of desolation that was fearful to contemplate. Fragmentary portions of the naked walls of what were four hours before magnificent structures of brick and granite stood like grim sentinels abo\c the surface of a burning sea, and all was devastation and ruin.

"The burned district embraces thirty blocks besifles the depots. The only brick business houses left standiiig are the Crescent block and the American theater.

Tiik Origix

".\t about a (juarter jjast six fire was (liscosered in the lodging house over Wolfe's lunch counter. Ofticers Smith and McKernan were promptly on hand and one ran to give the alarm while the other went to the scene of action. The ofticer. Smith, states that if a few pails of water could have been obtained the whole fire could have been stopped at once. In a few minutes, however, flames broke out in the next house adjoining and shortly the whole l)lock was a seething mass of flames. People began hurrying out of the houses surrounding, and household goods were hastily brought out on the streets, only to be consumed in a short time.

Blowing Up Buii.Dings

"The firemen bad been working manfully and well, but could do nothing, and giant powder was resorted to, and e\ery minute or so there would be a loud report, and a great mass of cinders and refuse would be seen going up in the air and falling jiromiscuously in all directions. The crowds at the reports would start and run back and dodge the missiles that were hurled down on them from above. The scene on Ri\'erside avenue at this time was indescribable. Merchants were running around offering large sums to draymen for their services, and in some cases endeavoring to make them stop by main force. The people were continually dodging the .teams that were driving through the streets at l)reak-neck speed. All along Post street were goods being burned that the owners had struggled to get out of their houses and places of business. It was now apparent to all that the city was doomed and all were seeking a place of safety.

has a fire consumed so many l)uildines and wrought so much devastation in srj short a time as the one that has levelled the business portion of Spokane Falls to the ground.

"The accompanying diagram shows the boundaries of the burnt district, together with the locations of the most prominent buildings that were destroyed :

First Stkeet

A list of the sufferers from the fire cover over three columns of the Review, comprising two hundred and fifty-three persons and firms. The estimated loss was about five million dollars, with abdut fifty per cent, covered with insurance. A meeting of the city council was held the morning after the fire and an earnest effort was made at the outset to jirevent the erection of wooden Iniildings in the burned district. A relief committee was appointed, consisting of Messrs. F. .\. Bettis and Peter Dueber, on behalf of the council, and Messrs. A. M. Cannon and J. X. Glover. W. T. Taylor, R. W. Forrest, Cyrus Burns ami H. L. Wilson, on behalf of the citizens. The resolution was passed that any person oft'ered employment and refusing to work should be notified to lea\e the city. Also that all keepers of hotels, lodging houses, restaurants, and dealers in supplies who achance prices on this occasion shall forfeit their license. On the afternoon of the same day a citizens" meeting was held at the American Resort, which was called to order by Majtjr Furth. Hon. .\. ^I. Cannon presided and J. M. Adams was made secretarv. Some ringing speeches were made and a resolution passed prohibiting the erectii,)n of wooden l)uil(lings within the fire limits. Telegrams CNpressing sympath}' with offers of substantial assistance came in from all directions and tents, bedding and provisions soon began tn pour in. It is worthy of special attention that Medical Lake offered to accommodate one thousand sufferers. Systematic and effective efforts were made to provide for the needy.

Review was, "Will Rise Again." "When we consider the magnitude of the disaster that has befallen our city the fortitude displayed on all hands is remarkable and indicative of our future. Although our losses are appalling, exceeding any that has heretofore afflicted an American city, yet our resources - our natural resources - remained unimpaired. Spokane Falls, amid the desolation of smoldering embers and fallen walls, is to-day what she was yesterday, the city of magnificent water power, the converging center of a vast network of railroails, the supi)ly depot of the grea.t C(eur d'Alene mines, the distributing point for an empire of agricultural wealth. But above all her other resources, Spokane Falls counts most confidently upon the energy and progressix-e spirit of those whose past loyalty to her interests has gi\-en her a national reputation. W'c ha\'e lost much, Ijut there are those among us who can rememljer a time when we had less is now left us. We believe those now here will in a comparatively short time see a more beautiful and substantial city than was yesterday swept away. Let courage - courage, always courage - continue to be our watchword." Despite the terrible blow, the people were not daunted. There was no time lost. Some tt)ok the first train to the east to obtain new material or goods to resume business. Tliere were others who ordered by telegram. For a season we had a city of tents while th.e buildings of Ijrick were being erected. A more l)usy city it would be impossible to find in the whole American continent. At the expense of being a little previous we will say here that the city was rebuilt with much greater proi)ortions.