Iowa County, Wisconsin - Chapter with an unread heading (no. 15 of those read), 1881 (part 1 of 2)

Mineral Point As A City

First Chaeteu - Second Charter - Third Charter - Statistics and Notes, 1860 to 1863 - War Occurrences - Old Settlers' Re-union Celebration - Various Items - Old Settlers Still Living - William T. Henry's Geological Collection - Zinc Works - Post Office- Manufacturing AND Banks - Agricultural Society - Secular Societies - Religions - Cemeteries - Official Roster - Business Summary and Conclusion - City Directory.

First Charter

In a majority of instances, the union of a village with a town, after a few years becomes burdensome to the former, inasmuch as certain restrictions are usually imposed, and have to be tolerated, that tend to retard the growth of a place that has an ambitious or enterprising class of people. To this common feeling the village of Mineral Point was no exception when the population had increased sutBciently to produce a marked change.

Early in 1856, the subject of altering the charter began to be generally agitated, and accordingly a meeting of the citizens of Mineral Point was convened, on the 26th of July, 1856, at the court house, for the purpose of considering the propriety of revising the village charter, or drafting a city charter. Parley Eaton was elected Chairman, and L. W. Whittlesy, Secretary. Judge Crawford and Messrs. Clary, Allen, VanDusen, Boyden, Messmore, Wilbur and Bracken addressed the people, recommending them to secure a city charter ; this being the best method by which they could effect a thorough change and remedy the defects of the village charter, which in its provisions had been proven entirely inadequate to the needs and growth of the place. The streets needed extensive improvements, the license measures were not sufficiently stringent, and the provisions for the punishment of misdemeanors were totally insufficient ; in fact, they were almost useless ; the village being virtually only a portion of the town of Mineral Point. Therefore, on motion of Judge Crawford, a committee, consisting of Messrs. Crawford, Clary, Messmore, Allen and Squires, was appointed by the chair, to draft a city charter, to be submitted at an adjourned meeting.

In due course of time the city charter was drafted and submitted to a popular vote as previously indicated, and was accepted, and by an act of the Legislature, approved March 2, 1857, entitled, " An act to incorporate the city of Mineral Point," the bill became a law.

This charter materially enlarged the boundaries of the place, the following amount of territory being added to that embraced by the village limits, viz.: The northeast quarter of Section 1, Town 4 north, of Range 2 east, and the east half of Section 36, of Town 5 north, in Range 2 east.

The city was divided into two wards. The land lying on the west side of Chestnut street, and that lying west of the west line of Bracken & Irving's Addition, constituted the First Ward, and tha^ which lay on the east side of Chestnut street constituted the Second Ward.

The corporate authority of the city was vested in a Mayor and Board of Aldermen consisting of six members, three from each ward, who. with the Mayor, were denominated the Common Council.

The officers elected at large by ballot were the Mayor, a School Superintendent, a Treasurer, a Police Justice and Marshal ; while three Aldermen, a Justice of the Peace, a Constable and Assessor were to be elected in each ward. The remaining officers required to transact the public business, as a Clerk, City Attorney and Street Commissioner, were to be appointed by the Common Council. The elections were to be held in the wards on the first Monday of May of each year. A vacancy in the Common Council was to be filled by a special election, other vacancies to be filled by appointment.

Oaths and bonds for the faithful discharge of duty were exacted from the oflScers, as in former cases, and their duties designated. The fiscal, prudential and municipal afiairs of the city, being vested in the Common Council, were subject to such changes as might be deemed expedient by the institution of various ordinances. However, the various articles of the chapter providing for schools, for the administration of justice and the maintenance of good order, for the prevention of fires, for the collecting of taxes, for improving the streets, etc., etc., were deemed sufficient to meet nearly all emergencies. From provisions made we note :

The city was to constitute a separate school district, and, among the other provisions connected therewith, was an unusual one allowing the district to borrow 310,000, to be employed in erecting school buildings, etc. All property belonging to the district was vested in the city. Very stringent fire limits could be established under this chapter, and a fire company organized at any time.

After a year's experience, it was discovered that there were serious defects in the charter and improvements needed, and, by an act, approved March 28, 1858, chapter of 1856 was variously amended. The Police Justice was dropped, and the Mayor was empowered to perform the duties or to appoint a substitute, while an Assessor was to be elected at large, and an Alderman each year from the two wards. Other changes, not necessary to be detailed, were effected.

By acts of the Legislature, approved March 17, 1859, and March 9, 1860, the charter was further amended in a few particulars, embodied in the subsequent acts.

In October, 1856, while the Mineral Point Railroad bond furor was yet raging among the citizens of Iowa County, the citizens of Mineral Point Village and town, in response to an application for assistance, made to the different municipalities, by the Mineral Point Railroad Company, issued $60,000 of interest-bearing bonds in favor of the company, pledging the public faith in payment. Subsequently, those bonds became an elephant on the hands of the people, and proved a very effective element of disturbance between town and city, as well as a general bone of contention between the railroad management and the public authorities. Eventually, the city and town bond indebtedness was divided, and a final settlement was effected in 1870, when .>33,101, the city's portion, was to be included in the assessment of taxes, this share of the debt being collected in ten annual installments.

The Second Charter

In the fall and spring of 1860-61. a move was made for an improvement on the old charter and its amendments, which finally resulted in the remodeling and revising of the preceding acts, by a draft for a new charter, compiled by G. L. Frost.

This bill was submitted to the Legislature in due form, in the spring of 1861, and, without opposition, by act of March 2, became a law. The boundaries of the town were left as before. The city officials remained nearly the same, only there were a few slight changes made in the time and manner of electing the officers, also in the time of holding elections. A municipal Court was created, the Mayor being styled Municipal Judge. Some minor changes were made in the granting of ordinances, allowing the people to vote on the acceptance of some of them. With a few other exceptions, the text of the new charter corresponded with the previous enactments.

The last charter had not been published a year before the restless genius of the place suggested a change, if not an improvement, which was effected by an act approved March 22, 1862, and again, by an act approved April 16, of the ensuing year, an amendment was made, particularly affecting the school system.

In accordance with the demand for bounty money which arose about 1863, an act was passed February 18, 1864, authorizing the assessment of a tax on the public property, the amount to be indicated by a special election, but not to exceed $200 for each volunteer, or for the family of such person. An amendment appertaining to the foregoing was made in February of the ensuing year.

Third Charter

After securing the last amendment to the second charter, for eight years no changes or additions were made ; the affairs of the city being managed without dissension ; yet it must not be supposed that the people were entirely satisfied. A gradually increasing demand had been made for something different, which culminated, in the spring of 1873, in the present city charter.

This chapter is a re-draft of the original schemes of government, enlarged and improved to suit the exigencies of the times, by W. T. Henry, in response to the request of the city authorities. The general provisions are very elaborate in detail, and cover nearly every desirable point to be embodied in a city charter.

The errors existing in the preceding forms were corrected, as nearly as possible, and several valuable additions were made, the most notable being a clause exempting the lands of tax-payers from assessment for any bonded indebtedness. By the institution of this wily proviso, the outstanding railroad bond judgments were effectually held in abeyance.

An act approved March 2, 1876 (Chapter 128), authorizes the Commissioners of School and University lands, and trust funds, to loan a sum, not exceeding $50,000, to the City of Mineral Point, at 7 per cent interest, the same to be paid annually, with 10 percent of the principal, by a regular assessment and collection of taxes, the same as other taxes are collected.

It is said that change is the handmaid of improvement and prosperity in local matters as well as in national development. Such being the case, it may be safely said that Mineral Point is constantly expanding, as indicated by the numerous alterations wrought during the last fortythree years in the system of government. In all probability, no place of equal pretensions or importance in the Northwest has so thoroughly run the gamut of perpetual change in charters and amendments, and, doubtless, ere the lapse of many years, at the present rate of growth, another charter will be instituted.

Statistics And Notes Of I860

The increase in general business, if not in population, must have been very rapid after the advent of the railroad for several years, as shown by the statistics of 1860. There were, at that time, one bank, eight hotels, seventeen dry goods and grocery stores, nine boot and shoe stores, three harness and leather stores, three hardware stores, three drug stores, two jewelry stores, one book store, two furniture stores, seven blacksmith-shops and plow factories, five wagon-shops, two brass and iron foundries, two breweries, one grist-mill and three warehouses. In the immediate vicinity of the city were five lead smelting furnaces, one zinc furnace and a copper-mining company in active operation.

The amount of money involved in the various transactions embraced by the above firms and establishments was, in round numbers, above $1,000,000 - a sura not largely excelled by that involved at the present day. The population of the place was about 8,.")00, all told. There were then five churches and good schools. Thus it will be seen that the place at that time was, in most respects, equal to Mineral Point of to-day, and, with regard to the work of mining, largely in advance of the present condition.

On June 23 of that year, the Good Templars started a lodge here with twelve members, probably the first one ever established in the city, but as to how long it existed or how great the influence or benefit arising therefrom, we have no knowledge.

In November, 1860, a hook and ladder company was organized and recognized by the City Council in accordance with the charter provisions. The officers were L. S. Burnett, Engineer; M. B. McSherry and John Heron, Assistants. This company proved to be but a spasmodic effort in the right direction, for, after the organization was effected, nothing further was heard of it.

The only means of defense from fire now in the possession of the town, aside from the fire limits, are the hooks, ladders and buckets provided by the city fathers in 1866, at an expense of $235, and the four Babcock extinguishers which were purchased in 1870, at a cost of $200. The hooks and ladders lie stored in a shed back of the city hall, while the extinguishers have been extinguished or are scattered about town for convenience. Perhaps at some future time a fire of sufficient magnitude may come upon the town to arouse the inhabitants to the necessity of having suitable protection. Already enough valuable property has been consumed to have purchased several engines.

Of the numerous fires that have occurred here, we particularly mention but two, one of which occurred in November, 1860, and one on the 12th of March, 1862, both of them having been terrible conflagrations, and having destroyed a large amount of property. The fire of 1860 consumed some eight buildings before it could be extinguished, involving a loss of $8,400 above insurance. The fire of 1862 was nearly as bad, causing a loss of about $7,000. Thus, at either of those fires, an actual loss was sustained of nearly enough to have purchased a firstclass fire engine, and to have built an engine house and tanks, with other necessary expenses. The fire that destroyed the old Franklin House, which occurred on Sunday, November 26, 1854, was also a very destructive conflagration and did a considerable damage, and therefore may be properly mentioned in this connection.

Not until 1860 had such a thing as a fully grown Christmas tree been seen here. But that year Mr. Prideaux determined, when the great fete day of Christendom came, he would attempt an innovation upon the ordinary customs of the place. Accordingly, a large-sized tree was prepared, and, when Christmas Eve arrived, it was illuminated as gorgeously as possible, and decorated in a very attractive manner, with such trinkets and bric-a-brac as could be obtained. Then the windows of the room on High street, where it was placed, were thrown open, to witness the effect on the passers-by. The result was what might have been anticipated. Within fifteen minutes, a lai'ge crowd had gathered to see the show, and, for the next hour or so, the street was thronged with sight-seers.

War Occurrences

The year 1860, in the annals of this locality, stands peculiarly noted on account of the political excitement and stirring times which preceded the war. Four clubs were organized, known, respectively, as the Wide Awakes, the Douglas Club, the Breckinridge and Lane Club, and the Young Hickories. The contest was a strong one, but in the event at the Presidential election, the Republicans won not only, but for the first time in the history of the place, that party had obtained, at the annual election, a controlling voice in the City Council, a position which has since been maintained in nearly all political relations.

In February, 1860, the first shipment was made to the South - eighteen carloads of oats sent to New Orleans, while the war was raging at its highest. The trains on the Mineral Point Railroad were so generally employed by the Federal Government that the produce of the country which came to this market could not all be shipped, and, as the crops were plentiful and prices high, farmers brought in their grain and sold, until nearly every available building was stored full. In fact, almost before the dealers were aware of it, the place was literally full to overflowing, a condition that maintained for a long time, and yet at that time we hear that the people were crying "Hard times!"

It is one of the natural inconsistencies of human nature to be forever finding fault with their pecuniary condition (if they have anything). But no greater fact stands out in connection with the years of the war in this section than this, that the city enjoyed a period of unusual prosperity, a prosperity which largely benefited the greater part of the merchants, manufacturers, mechanics and laborers, and such as will not be experienced soon again, here or elsewhere. Yet, as it was bought at such a terrible price, it is no matter for congratulation, or to be desired again.

To Arms.' 1861. - In 1861, the ominous cry of "To arms! to arms! " was wafted over the land, and came, with its forbidding clangor, to arouse the energies and activities of the citizens of Mineral Point. Although there were many here, as elsewhere, who shrank with dread from the or leal of war, and, discouraged, by word and deed, the efforts of brave and true men, and spared no opportunity to heap derision upon the cause of the North and the patriotic demonstrations of their associates - yet a majority of the people were up and doing betimes, and to the honor of Mineral Point it can be said that one of the first companies to offer its services was enrolled here. For the next five years, the episodes and occurrences of greatest interest were connected with the great struggle; and how could it be otherwise V At the front were the flower of the land, bearing with them the hopes and aspirations of a nation, as well as the love and devotion of home and friends. Many would never return, and no one knew whose turn it would be next to lose a father, brother, husband, son or lover. Oh, the bitterness of those days ! but, thanks to the all-wise Arbiter of the destinies of nations, although the sacrifices made on every hand were great beyond all computation, yet the cause of justice and freedom triumphed. The country was cleansed from the degradation of slavery, and a brighter, happier day was ushered in, for four million souls, than they had ever known, or could ever hope to know, while they were enthralled. The names of the men and women of Mineral Point, during those dark and trying times, who, by word and deed, were ever ready to sustain the exigencies of each campaign, either at home or in the field, can only grow brighter, each year, in the galaxy of noble souls who fought, died, and unselfishly sacrificed, to preserve and to perpetuate the Union.

Woman's Aid. - During the war times, it must not be supposed that the women of the "Point" were idle; not so. In all times of public peril, as has been demonstrated thousands of times, women have ever proved noble helpers, and. by their smiles, prayers and tears, as well as more substantial efforts, have made men fairly invincible.

Early in the struggle, a ladies' aid society was formed here that embraced and cemented together in the ties of love and devotion a majority of the women of all classes; and such an amount of useful work was done in providing home comforts for the soldiers as cannot be fully estimated. Only those who were benefited thereby can fairly appreciate and praise their noble efforts.

One of the notable events connected with the aid society was a grand picnic given on the 2d of September, 1862. The people poured in from the country in all directions to present their offerings of edibles and clothing, and a general good time prevailed. William R. Smith addressed the meeting, after which two companies of soldiers were dined in a most sumptuous manner. Many other occurrences of a similar nature transpired, but this will sufficiently illustrate the character and usefulness of the aid society, as well as the enthusiasm which actuated the women of this locality.

On July 4, 1861, one of the most noteworthy and long-to-be-remembered celebrations ever given in the State was gotten up here in honor of the veterans of 1832. Arrangements were made on a magnificent scale by the managers of t\ie fete, to provide agreeable entertainment for any or all of the pioneers of the lead mines region of Southwestern Wisconsin that might choose to come. A preliminary meeting was held on the 8th of June of that year at the court house, and a committee of thirteen, with M. M. Strong, as Chairman, was selected to decide upon a plan of operations ; then the meeting adjourned until a report could be made by the committee.

The meeting re-assembled at 7i o'clock. Hon. M. M. Strong, from the committee of thirteen, submitted the following report, which was accepted, and the committee discharged :

That the following-named commitlees be appointed, of three persons on each committee, the chairman of each of which acting together shall constitute a committee of arrangements, with full power to conduct all the details of the celebration : to which each of the committees shall report, viz.:

That the committee on invitation, etc.. extend a special invitation to all the officers and soldiers of the .Sauk war. to unite in a body in the celebration of the day, and to join in the proces.«ion on horseback, and that all proper facilities be provided for a re-union of the remnant of those frontier defenders of our State.

That .\I. .M. Strong, .\l. M. Cothren. Joel C. Squires and Nathan Olmstead be appointed a committee to visit the citizens of Platteville, and request them to relinquish their contemplated celebration and to unite with us in a general celebration by the citizens of the lead mines, of the approaching national anniversary, and that the same committee be authorized to request the citizens of any other locality in the mining district, which may contemplate a similar celebration, to unite with us in one common patriotic and joyous exhibition of devotion to the flag and cause of our country.

The following is the more important portion of the note of invitation sent to hundreds of the pioneers and representative men throughout the State in accordance with the foregoing resolutions :

The undersigned now have the pleasure of inviting you to unite with the other pioneers of Wisconsin, who are expected to be present on the occasion referred to. Although nothing could he more appropriate to such an occasion, than a meeting of the survivors of those who defended the Wisconsin frontier against Indian invasion and hostile savage warfure, to unite with those who are enjoying the blessings of the liberty and peace acquired by those pioneers; yet this feature of our celebration is designed more expressly to furnish a fitting and convenient occasion for those early settlers who still survive, to gratify a wish, wliicii many of them have often expressed, of meeting each other once more, and interchanging congratulations, sentiments and reminiscences, as well as to give them aa opportunity if they think proper ol' forming an efficient orginlziiion, by which a re union of their members may hereafter be held at such times and places as they shall think proper.

The celebration proved to be a most memorable affair. But large numbers of those who particip.ated in the festivities of the occasion, are now no more, and, within a few years, the old veterans now remaining who were there, to whom these lines will revive the occurrences and scenes of the day, will soon join their comrades.

Various Items

During the early part of the war times, owing to some inexplicable reason, the people were every little while disturbed by the advent of mad dogs, but fortunately nD one was ever bitten.

The newspapers of that time frequently speak of the bad condition of the streets, and one party says : " If any poor person wants to get a small capital to commence business, he can do so by taking a walk daily on High street, for he will be in danger of breaking his limbs constantly by loose boards or slipping down, and can make the place pay him damages therefor." In subsequent years, this prediction was realized by the city having, in the case of Mrs. Pri- -deaux, to pay large damages for a fractured limb.

S^iinplaster Currency. - One of the prominent features of the times during the early part of the war, was the local scrip, or pasteboard shinplaster currency, which was for a time about the only small circulating medium to be had. Every business man drew upon himself to his own order, and issued ad libitum, until finally the shinplaster material became too thick to thrive, or, in other words, a perfect nuisance, and accordingly the District Attorney was obliged to issue a notice that, after the loth of January, 1863, he would indict any one found using them, except to collect from those who issued the stuff. Thus perished the shinplasters.

When the locating of the Hospital for the Insane was before the public, in 1870, the City Council authorized Dr. George Wilson to go to Madison and offer one hundred and sixty acres of land to the Commissioners as a location for the asylum, the same to be situated conveniently near to Mineral Point. Thus it will be seen that the inhabitants are not wanting in public spirit or benevolence. Although the asylum was not located here, principally because this was an isolated point, yet the generosity of the donation was none the less creditable to the people. The tide of events since 1865 has been very uniform in flow, being neither sensational in character or apathetic and tending to decline. The financial condition of affairs has been good, while the various improvements in all directions have been substantial rather than showy and superficial. From general estimates, it appears that the best building period was during the ten years from 1865 to 1875, during which time the finest, most elegant and costly business blocks and residences were erected. Many of these, in style and character, will compare well with those of more favored localities.

Old Settlers Still Living

There are still living here a large number of those whose faces have been familiar on the streets of Mineral Point for forty years or more, and some who have been here for nearly a halfcentury. The most of them have been active participants in the every-day scenes of the past, and to them the city is to day largely indebted for its solid wealth and prosperity. They have lived to see the *' Point " realize nearly all that they could have anticipated for it in general growth. Everything has changed since they were young men ; the ancient insignia, which once fluttered bravely to the tune of " bread and beans " has lost its prestige, only to give place to the emblems of a higher civilization and the ameliorating influences of modern labor and enterprise. In brief, they have lived to see Mineral Point, developed and redeemed from its early and wanton condition, stand forth the peer of any place of equal size in the State, and where they can live happily and contenteilly during the remainder of their lives, realizing the fullest compensation which time can afford to well-directed and conscientious effort. Of those who came here and located in 1832, but one remain - James James. Of those who were here in 1834, there are William T. Henry. Joseph Jones and William Rablin. In 1836 and 1837 : Thomas Prish, James Smith, Mrs. Thomas, Mr. Charles F. Legate and Moses M. Strong. From 1838 to 1840 : M. M. Smith, John Clowney, J. Trevillion, Joseph Reed, Thomas Davey, George Priestly, John J. Ross, Dr. R. D. Pulford, John Tramell, James Hutchinson, Robert Whitney, P. O'Dowd and William A. Pierce. From 1840 to 1842: William

Allen, James and Henry Martin. By 1846 there were Ed and Joseph Prideaux, G. W. Cobb, John Hales, J. Gundry, J. Gray, John Hoard, Dr. J. H. Vivien and T. S. and A. C. Ansley.

A sketch of Mineral Point, in connection with the history of the county, could hardly be considered as fair and impartial, in taking into consideration what has been done here, if men- tion was not made of the geological collection of W. T. Henry. This collection, the work of years of labor, skill and study, is beyond a doubt, one of the most remarkable, as well as interesting, to be found either in this State or in the Union.

To give a detailed account of the work done, or a description of the thousands of rare and beautiful specimens garnered here, would be impossible to any one but the owner. There are treasures of the earth, obtained from all quarters of the globe, as well as a wonderful variety of specimens of rocks and ores indigenous to this locality, arranged either in charming contrast or in classes, according to the taste of the owner. Rare bits of metal and rock from Europe. Great Britain, South America, Asia and Africa, may be seen lying side by side in beautiful natural rivalry with the most valuable and curious productions of this continent.

One can scarcely form a sufBciently generous estimate of the time, means and patience required to accomplish such magnificent results. Only a very superior degree of intelligence, coupled with ample means and an all absorbing love of Nature's works, could enable an}- one to achieve so much in a few short years, as Mr. Henry can show for his labors ; and. withal, this work has been done by a business man, at odd times, during the pursuit of his regular vocation as a lawyer and banker.

In conclusion, we can only suggest to any one who has the time and opportunity, to go and visit his treasure-room ; to see is to appreciate ; no words that we can use will do justice to the subject, or sufBciently praise the merit of this truly superb collection, and the unpretentious ability of the man who has the pleasure of owning it. as well as knowing that he is indebted to himself alone for obtaining it.

Zinc Avorks

A scheme for utilizing the immense quantities of dry-bone and black-jack to be found here was first conceived by Robert George, of Mineral Point, before 1860. He, in company with T. J. Campbell, erected a small dry-bone furnace in 1860, rather as an experiment than with any certainty of ultimate success. Contrary to the predictions and expectations of many, the attempt demonstrated to perfection that zinc ore could be handled here to advantage, but as the parties were not large capitalists, nothing of marked importance toward the promotion of this industry was done until 186-3 or 1861, when the firm of Phelps, Dodge & Co. purchased the interest of Messrs. George & Campbell, retaining the former as Superintendent. Thi.s company, being possessed of ample quantities of the needful, at once proceeded to erect furnaces and the various requisite apparatus for manufacturing zine upon a very extensive scale. A large number of buildings were constructed, including the Superintendent's house, and, within a year, the works were operating under full headway, and doing an immense business. These works not only did smelting, but they eventually embraced the making of oxide, which proved very profitable. The company operated here for about five years, and employed, during the greater part of the time, loO hands per diem, doing a mammoth business. They constructed a sidetrack from the works, which were about one-half mile south of the city, to the main track, and, in various ways, made large improvements; but finally, after the expenditure of the enormous sum of $300,000, they were compelled to abandon the business, owing to the cost of transporting coal from Illinois, and in consequence of various difficulties with the Mineral Point Railroad Company, from whom they were unable to obtain the necessary accommodations. The cessation of this industry proved a sad blow to the interests of this locality, as it not only furnished employment to large numbers of people, but the mineral resources, in black-jack and dry-bone, are so comparatively inexhaustible that the work could have gone on with profit, both to employers and the employed, for an unlimited period. Even at the time the works were closed they were making $100 per day above expenses, but a spirit of resentment took possession of the company, which induced them to sacrifice personal interests rather than to submit to what by them was deemed injustice on the part of the railroad.

Since the departure of Messrs. Phelps. Dodge & Co., there has been no zinc smelting done here. The machinery of value was disposed of for a very trifling sum, compared to the cost. To illustrate, the lots, buildings and some of the machinery were sold to William Lanyon for

$2,300. Nothing is now left of this extensive establishment but the Superintendent's dwelling. Previous to the starting of the furnaces, dry-bone was used to pave the streets with, being considered of no particular value ; and, for some time after, that and black-jack could be obtained for hauling it away from the lead and copper smelting furnaces. But eventually, while the zinc furnaces were running, it came up to .$5 a ton. While that price was ruling for the raw material, the manufactured article sold for $270 per ton. Now the raw material sells at $20 per ton, and the manufactured at $80 per ton, showing how enormous the first proBts were, and how unfavorable muse have been the conditions which caused the cessation of zinc-smelting at this point.

While the Phelps, Dodge & Co. works were in operation, one F. E. Matheson was working in this locality as a common miner, but after they stopped, he, knowing that there was a great deal of money in the business, if properly conducted, determined to make a strike. Soon after he, in company with a Mr. Hageler, succeeded in interesting the Baring Brothers, English bankers, who furnished the necessary funds to establish the business on a safe footing. The place selected for operations was La Salle, 111., it being far less expensive to transport the zinc to the coal than the coal to the zinc. This company now has a monopoly of the entire business of the country, and is the most extensive manufacturing concern of the kind in the world, and the largest part of the material used, it is estimated, is obtained from the mines in Iowa County.

Post Office

The first mails were brought here and distributed by difi"erent parties, but, doubtless, during the first years of the settlement, the arrival of letters were few and far between. The nearest office was at Galena until about 1834, when an ofiice was established here, and John D. Ansley was appointed Postmaster. It is said, that previous to his appointment, his store was a sort of a mail carrier's headquarters, so it naturally followed that he would be the first appointed in the place. The office was then kept at the foot of Fountain street, on Commerce street.

On the 9th of August, 1836, Mr. Ansley was deposed, and William Henry was appointed in his place, by Postmaster General Amos Kendall. During the time that Mr. Henry held the office, it was kept in a log house which stood on Lot 43 of Vliet's Survey, near Jerusalem Spring.

After the inauguration of William Henry Harrison as President, in 1840, Mr. Henry was removed in favor of J. T. Lathrop, the landlord of the old Franklin House, which stood just west of the United States Hotel, and where the post office was then kept.

Mr. Lathrop was succeeded, in 1845, after the inauguration of James K. Polk, by Henry Plowman, now of Chicago, then editor of the Miners' Free Press. The post office was then kept in a wing of his private dwelling, on the corner of Chestnut street and the Jail alley.

With the election of President Taylor, another change was effected, Joseph Smith being appointed. The office was kept in Mr. Smith's book and confectionery store, in a building since burned, which stood on Lot 49 of Vliet's Survey.

Again, upon the election and installation of Franklin Pierce, the post office was transferred to another party, Stephen Thomas, now of La Crosse, Wis., being the happy recipient of the Presidential favor. Mr. Thomas held the office until the Republican administration was ushered in in 1861. During his time, the office was kept in the Miller building, on High street. Lot 47, Vliet's Survey.

The next Postmaster was John Hollingshead, who kept the office in the east half of the old "Root House," formerly used for county offices, now occupied by the law and banking firm of Henry & Smith, and which stands on the public square. He was succeeded by Phillip Lawrence, who continued the office in the bank building until he removed to the present post office quarters.

In 1849, through the voluntary action of the Postmaster for a short time, the first daily mails were received at the "Point," but the Government not sustaining the action, they were discontinued, to be resumed later.

Manufacturing. Banks, Etc

The manufacturing pursued in the place has been, during the passage of the years since 1850, quite varied, but many of the establishments that once flourished finely have ceased to operate. About the first manufacturing business of any considerable magnitude was a foundry and machine shop, started by William Lanyon in 1849. This establishment was operated until 1867.

In 1853, Thomas Jenkins and William Lanyon began the old water mill, which is located south of the railroad buildings, on the Mineral Point Branch. Before it was finished. William Langon sold out to John Roberts, who, with Mr. Jenkins, completed it. This mill is still doing a fair business. There is but one run of stone, yet the water-power is so poor that it has been necessary to introduce an engine of moderate power.

In 1860, William Lanyon, Sr., & Co. erected the large three-story building now used by William Lanyon, Jr., for a warehouse. This was put up expressly for a mill, and was fitted up in a very elaborate manner. A forty-horse-power engine was set up. and other macliinery to match, so that 100 barrels of flour could be manufactured per diem. The mill was kept in operation for about two years ; then, owing to the influence which the war exerted upon the business, it was closed and the machinery sold.

A sash, door and blind factory was opened here in 1866, by Cobb & Pierce as owners. This establishment was kept in operation until about 1872, since which time work has been suspended.

Prominent among the manufacturing interests of Mineral Point, is the foundry and machine shop of J. Lanyon & Brother. This business was established in 1849, by J. Lanyon, Sr., and first located on Commerce street, near the present depot. In this location, Mr. Lanyon, Sr., continued the foundry business until 1867, when he erected the present shop on the corner of Fountain and Vine streets. During the latter year, he was succeeded in business by his two sons, John and Josiah, under the firm name of J. Lanyon & Brother. This firm has been engaged principally in the manufacture and repairing of mining and milling machinery. But in 1877, Messrs. Lanyon Brothers invented their valuable ore-crushers and stone-breakers, receiving patents therefor November 27, 1877, and since then their shops have been devoted to the manufacture of these machines exclusively. Soon after the issue of the patents, the merits of the ore-crushers and stone-breakers became known, and now numbers of these machines are in use in difiierent parts of Nebraska, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado, Dakota and other States and Territories.

The large stone-breaker is used for breaking stone for railroad ballast; will receive a stone 16x22 inches, and reduce it to two inches in one operation. This machine will run at full capacity of eight-horse-power, and crush 200 tons per day ; weight, 14,000 pounds. The smaller size stone-breaker weighs 4,000 pounds, and will crush 100 tons in ten hours. The large-size ore crusher will receive a stone 7x14 inches, and reduce it to the fineness of sand in one operation. This can be run with four-horse-power, and has a capacity for crusiiing 70 tons in ten hours; weight, 11,0011 pounds. The ore crusher number two weighs 8,000 pounds, and is suitable for all kinds of mining and smelting works where fine crushing is required. It will crush 70 tons to the fineness of sand and fine gravel, and, by returning, it can be reduced to an even fineness. All parts of these machines that come in contact with the ore are made of chilled iron and steel ; and the machines are pronounced by competent judges, who have subjected them to severe tests, to be for the purposes intended, " the best in the world." Messrs. Lanyon &

Mine Ka L Point

Brotlier have added new and improved machinery to their foundry and machine shop, for the purpose of carrying on more extensively the manufacture of their crushers and stone breakers, tiie demand for which is increasing constantly, and gives promise of developing into one of the leading industries of Wisconsin.

The foundry and machine-shop of John Wearne & Sons, located on the Dodgeville road, a short distance from the business portion of the city, was established in 1868. Messrs. Wearne & Sons, since the establishment of their shop, have been engaged in the manufacture and repairing of sugar mills and different kinds of farming and mining machinery. When in full force, four men are constantly employed.

Tornado Brewery. - This institution is located on the Dodgeville road, one mile from the business portion of the city, and is one of the important industries of the place. In 1850, the first building was erected by William Tyrrell, at a cost of $4,000. This was a stone structure, 'J4xl00 feet, and two stories high. Mr. Tyrrell continued in the brewing business but a short time, and was succeeded by Jacob Roggy. In 18.54, Charles and Frederick Gillmann purchased the property, and, in 1855, Jacob Spielmann was admitted as a partner. The business -was then carried on under the firm name of Gillmann Bros. & Co., until 1857, when Charles sold his interest to his partners, who continued together until 1808. This firm marie Valuable improvements, erected substantial and commodious buildings, and increased the capacity of the establishment. In 1868, Mr. Spielmann disposed of his interest to Charles Gillmann, who, with his brother, did a successful business together until 1872. Charles was then elected County Treasurer, and rented his share to William Muser. In 1874, Charles Gillmann purchased the entire property, and has since been sole proprietor. The memorable tornado of May 28, 1878, entirely destroyed the brewery with five other buildings in the immediate vicinity, entailing a loss to Mr. Gillmann of $20,000. During the summer and fall of the same year, the present rock building was erected and fitted with all the modern inventions in machinery, etc., ut a total cost of $12,000. Prior to 1878, the beer was manufactured by hand, and the fullest capacity was 2,500 barrels per annum. The Tornado Brewery now has a capacity of 6,000 barrels per annum, and is regarded as one of the leading brewing establishments in Southwestern Wisconsin. Its sales are confined principally to Iowa, La Fayette and Grant Counties. Six men are employed, and its rapidly increasing business require? the constant operation of the brewery.

Garden City Brewery. - This brewery was established by James Argall, the present proprietor, in 18-54. At that time, the large stone building, 62x80 feet, now in use, was erected. It is divided into malt and brewing apartments, and has a capacity of seventy-five barrels a week. For a number of years, Mr. Argall paid considerable attention to bottling beer ; but of late years, lias abandoned this branch of the business. The sale of beer manufactured at this establishment, is confined to Mineral Point and vicinity.

Henry's Bank. - A private banking institution established in the fall of 1861, by William T. Henry, who has since acted as President. The first cashier was George Henry, who resigned April 1, 1878, and was succeeded by Thomas T. Parraele. This bank does a general banking business, foreign and domestic exchange ; also agency for the (Juion-Morris Express and Rotterdam Steamship Companies, located in city buihlmg on High street.

Citji Bank - Was established as a private banking institution December 22, 1874, by Alexander Wilson and Edward Harris, who have since carried on a general banking business with foreign and domestic exchange ; agency for the National and White Star steamship lines. Alexander Wilson, President ; William Harris, Cashier ; located in Toay's Block.

Soiithirentern Wisconsin Industrial Association. - A preliminary meeting of the citizens of Mineral Point and vicinity was held at the city hall in the afternoon of May 8, 1871, to discuss the propriety of organizing a society for the encouragement of agriculture and mechanical pursuits. The meeting was called to order by Dr. George D. Wilber, and, upon motion of John J. Ross, James Toay was appointed Chairman, and William H. Peck, Secretary. After an -exchange of views, a committee, consisting of Dr. G. D. Wilber. James H. Spensley and John

The organization being effected, the society then procured a lease of seventeen acres of land from John J. Ross, which they fitted up for, and held the first fair early in September of 1871. The excellent management of the oiBcers and executive committee rendered this first effort'a flattering success. A half-mile track for horse-racing was made, and succeeding fairs were held in 1872-73. Early in 1874, the members of this society, desiring to conform to the State laws, and thereby receive State aid, adopted March 5, articles of association, signed by John H. Vivian, Thomas Priestley, R. D. Pulford, John Clowney, John J. Ross, H. M. Oliver, T. S. Ansley and John Hoare. The first section of those articles declared, " This society shall be known and designated as ' The Southwestern Wisconsin Industrial Association,' and shall be located at the city of Mineral Point, Iowa County, Wis., where all its meetings, fairs and exhibitions shall be held. The purposes of this association are hereby declared to be the encouragement of the agricultural and mineral resources of Southwestern Wisconsin."

The membership of this society is limited to the territory embracing Iowa, La Fayette and Grant Counties. Successful fairs have been held annually, the society never yet failing to pay premiums and legitimate expenses in full. The association have just completed negotiations for the purchase of new ground, consisting of thirty acres, west of and adjoining Graceland Cemetery. This excellent location, when fitted with race course, floral hall, stalls, etc., will cost the society $3,-500. The present floral hall was erected in 1875, at a cost of $1,200.

The uniform success and general satisfaction attending the fairs of this association reflect great credit on the managing oflScers, and furnish ample evidence that it has accomplished the ends for which it was established.

Secular Societies

Freemasons. - The history of Freemasonry in Wisconsin is so intimately associated with the early history of Iowa County, that we may say they are blended and interwoven together in such a manner that the mention of either one subject conjures up a host of sister thoughts. The oldest lodge now extant in the State is located at Mineral Point, where the second lodge was erected through the exertions of Most Worshipful Grand Master W. R. Smith, in 1840. The Menomonee Lodge, of Green Bay, antedates this by nearly twenty years. As this was a transient lodge, without local prestige, it can hardly be counted amongst the State institutions.

In the year A. D. 1824, the Grand Lodge, of New York, granted a dispensation for the formation if a Military Lodge, under the name of " Menomonee Lodge," which worked for many years at Green Bay, in this State. This, it is believed, was the first Masonic organization within the Territory of Wisconsin.

The next in order of precedence, was Mineral Point Lodge No. 1, of Free and Accepted Masons. It commenced work under a dispensation issued by the Grand Lodge of Missouri, bearing date of October 8, 1840. The dispensation was granted to W. R. Smith. W. M., Moses Meeker, S. W., Charles Dunn, J. W., and their associates, to open and work Mineral Point Lodge, and the lodge was first duly established at Mineral Point, Wis., July 26, 1841. A permanent organization was effected under a charter dated October 11, 1842, under the name and number of Mineral Point Lodge No. 49. The officers mentioned therein were William R. Wraith, W. M.; Charles Dunn, S. W., and Moses Meeker, J. W. The charter members were Thomas P. Bennett, Ebenezer Brigham, Daniel Moore, John D. Ansley, Ormond H. Paddock and Stephen Taylor, all of whom have passed away except 0. H. Paddock, who resides at Darlington Wis. The lodge was properly constituted by Charles Gear (commonly known as Father Gear), assisted by Ephraim F. Ogden, H. H. Gear and others. The first initiate was Thomas I. Parish, following whom were A. W. Parris, David W. Jones and George W. Cobb.

In June, 184-3, the Grand Lodge of Missouri granted a dispensation for the formation of Melody Lodge, now No. 2, at Platteville, Wis., and issued a charter for its permanent organization October 12, 1842.

During June of the same year, the Grand Lodge of Illinois granted a dispensation to open a lodge at Milwaukee; and issued a charter October 3, 1843, to Milwaukee Lodge, now Kilbourn Lodge, No. 3, for its permanent organization.

The legal representatives of these three Lodges met at Madison, Wis.. December 18, 1843, organized and constituted the Grand Lodge of Wisconsin, framed and adopted a constitution, and elected Bro. Benjamin T. Kavanaugh, of Melody Lodge, the first Grand Master. January 17, 1844, a called communication of the Grand Lodge of Wisconsin was holden at Madison, " for the purpose of granting charters to the subordinate lodges within the Territory desiring to come under the jurisdiction of said Grand Lodge, and for other purposes ; " at which time, the charter under which Mineral Point Lodge, No. 1, is now acting, was granted.

Following is a list of past incumbents of the three principal offices of the lodge since its organization, arranged in order of their rank by seniority, namely :

At different intervals, the following lodges sprang into existence, being recruited principally from Mineral Point No. 1 : Highland. No. 16 ; Dodgeville, Mifflin and Linden Lodges. The old lodge has maintained its organization without any breaks. It has numbered in its ranks some of the most distinguislied men of tiie State. William R. Smith, the first Grand Master, .is so generally known that any eulogy of his memory would be superfluous. Thomas Pendleton Burnett, the second Master, was one of the most promising lawyers in the Territory. Hon. Charles Dunn, who was Chief Justice of the Territory, manifested unbounded interest in the working of the lodge. His brother, F. J. Dunn, also took an active part in the early organization ; also Gen. George W. .Jones, who subsequently represented Iowa in the United States Senate. Schuyler Pulford, a prominent physician of his day, and a resident of Mineral Point, was equally famous. In the regular succession of Masters, we find enrolled Hon. Montgomery M. Cothren, Judge of the Circuit Court of Iowa County ; Hon. Amasa Cobb, Judge of the Supi-eme Court of Nebraska, and others.

"Old No. 1 " has been honored with three Grand Masters, namely : William R. Smith, Henry M. Billings, and R. D. Pulford. Numerous deputies and minor officials have been selected from the present lodge.

Brother Pulford from the first was a very enthusiastic member and a great workman in the cause, and has stood at the head of the fraternity in Southwest Wisconsin for years, and has received all the honors at their disposal. He has preformed a highly active and prominent part during all his connection with the Grand Lodge and Grand Chapter of Wisconsin, and to him much is due for the present status of the lodge in this section of the State.

Of its old members, but few remain, the majority having been called to the eternal home of the Great Architect. Those still living are George W. Cobb, who affiliated in 1844 ; M. M. Cothren and R. D. Pulford, of 1846 ; John P. Tramel and .John Clowney, of 1847. The remainder have all passed into rest. The oldest Mason in the lodge is Dr. H. Van Dusen, who was made a Mason prior to the " Morgan excitement " in 1826. Brothers Tramel and Pulford are the only active survivors of the original roster. The present officers are Samuel Wright, W. M. ; Thomas Priestly, S. W. ; William A. Jones, J. W.

Iowa Chapter, No. 6, was in.stituted February 22, 18.51 ; George W. Cobb, High Priest ; A. W. Parris, King, and L. M. Strong, Scribe. Present officers: James T. Pryor, Jr., High Priest ; Albert Spratter, King, and Benjamin T. Prideaux, Scribe.

Mineral Point Commatulery of Knights Templars was instituted May 5, 1874 ; R. D. Pulford, E. C. ; J. H. Evans, Generalissimo, and Calvert Spensley, Captain General. Present officers : James T. Pryor, Sr., E. C. ; George S. Anthony, Generalissimo, and Thomas Priestly Captain General.

Odd Fellows. - The history of Odd Fellowship in Iowa County dates from the earlier settlement of the county and of the Territory of Wisconsin.

The first Lodge of Odd Fellows founded in the State of Wisconsin, and, in fact, the first lodge in the Northwest, was Iowa Lodge, No. 1, of Mineral Point, Iowa County, which was chartered while what is now the State of Wisconsin was a part of the then Territory of Michigan. In 1835, some miners who had formerly resided in Pottsville, Penn., and had been members of the order there, conceived the idea that it would be possible to establish a lodge among the miners congregated around what was then known as " Shake-Rag. " The following persons petitioned the Grand Lodge of the United States for a charter, which petition they transmitted to Stephen Taylor, of Pottsville, Penn., viz. : Edward Coad, William Ball, Andrew Renfrew, William Polkenhorne, John Cole, Richard Johns, Joseph R. James, John Cock, George Mitchell, John Casserly, John Rich and Edmund Paul. Their petition was granted, and a commission was issued to Stephen Taylor, constituting him a Special Deputy Grand Sire, and authorizing him to institute a lodge in Mineral Point, Iowa County, to be hailed as Iowa Lodge, No. 1, I. 0. 0. F.

In these days of rapid railroad traveling, it is difficult to appreciate the difficulties attending the journey of this Deputy Grand Sire from Pottsville beyond the AUeghanies, traveling across the mountains as best he could, then down the Ohio to Cairo, and up the Mississippi to Galena, and so out to Mineral Point, and all to institute a lodge of Odd Fellows. It is true that the new lodge paid him $400 to compensate him for his trouble, and in that day it seemed a huge sum of money, yet few men in these days would take such trouble and encounter so many unpleasant experiences for such a purpose.

This lodge so organized flourished but too well at first. It would seem from its history that a furor to join it was started among the mining population, until nearly every man in and around its location had joined or had sought to join it. Atone time, its membership was considerably over two hundred, and its coffers were plethoric with money. The large sum paid the instituting officer is one evidence ; another is the fact that, in 1836, it paid the Grand Lodge of the United States the sum of $112.40 as the per centage on dues, besides giving |25 toward a service of plate for Grand Sire Thomas Wildey. In 1838, the lodge was visited by P. G. Sire Thomas Wildey, the founder of the order in the United States. From his report, we copy tlie following relating to Iowa County :

" From Galena, I embarked for Mineral Point, in Iowa. In this Territory, I found Odd Fellowship progressing with equal pace with all the institutions of a new and flourishing country. The brethren appeared generally well informed in the work, and, although somewhat neglectful in their fiscal affairs, were in a much better condition than I expected to find them. Your agent here opened an encampment and an additional subordinate lodge upon proper application, and I have no doubt that the order will steadily advance in Iowa. I had the pleasure, during my sojournment among them, to participate in the ceremony of laying the corner-stone of a spacious hall, which they are now erecting, and I feel great delight in reporting to the Grand Lodge of the United States the fact that the occasion was celebrated in a manner which would have done credit to the most experienced lodge in the States. An oration, distinguished alike for its eloquence and chasteness, was pronounced by one of the brethren, and one common generous glow seemed to pervade the whole family, auguring the brightest prospects for Odd Fellowship in that region. In view of the zeal manifested in the work, and the certainty of a very rapid increase in th« order in this section of the West, I deemed it proper to commit the superintendence of the interests of the order here to competent hands, and accordingly appointed P. G. M. Potts as District Deputy Grand Master for this interesting district of Odd Fellowship."

It will be seen by the foregoing extract that the brethren were somewhat neglectful in their fiscal affairs. This was the downfall of the lodge eventually. Its treasury was overflowing with money, and it was loaned to " Tom, Dick and Harry," without adequate security, and. as a consequence, when it sought to pay the obligations incurred in the building of the hall spoken of by Father Wildey, its officers found that moneys so loaned were not collectible. Many of the borrowers had left the county, and others were impecunious. In this emergency, the lodge applied to the Grand Lodge of the United States for relief which was refused. Meantime the membership had, partly from dissatisfaction at the fiscal management, and more from the uncertain and floating character of a mining population in its earlier days, dwindled from over two hundred in 1836, down to twenty-seven in 1843, at which latter date the membership became tired of the burden they were trying to bear, relinquished their building to the lien-holders, and surrendered the charter to the Grand Lodge of the United States.

From this time, the lodge was almost forgotten, until some members of the order thinking that so old a landmark of the order ought not to be lost, took steps under the newer laws of the Grand Lodge of the United States to revive the old lodge. In this they were successful, and in April, 1873, under the auspices of Grand Master H. E. Willis, the lodge was revived, and, at this writing, it is in a flourishing condition, owning the largest and handsomest lodge-room in the West, erected at a cost of $3,500. The charter members of the renewed lodge were Edward Coad, Samuel Thomas, John II. Vivian, James James, Thomas Prisk. The lodge now numbers seventy-eight members with the following officers : H. Hu.xtable, N. G.; William Treloar, V. G.; John Nancolas, R. S.; Josiah Jacka, P. S.; S. Francis, Treas.; S. C. Thomas, R. S. N.

When he visited Iowa Lodge, No. 1, at that date, he found its membership so large that he advised its division into two lodges, and accordingly instituted La Fayette Lodge, No. 2.

This lodge had but a short existence, for as the membership of Iowa Lodge fell off, its members urged the impolicy of trying to sustain two feeble lodges, and so induced the members of La Fayette Lodge to surrender their charter and rejoin the parent lodge.

In January, 1845, some of the former members of Iowa Lodge, No. 1, petitioned the Grand Lodge of the United States for a charter for a new lodge, and the result of the petition was the organization of Miner's Lodge, No. 4, I. 0. 0. F., at Mineral Point in that year. In 1847, the lodge built a lodge-room on the site now occupied by the Methodist Episcopal Church. The lodge had a large membership, composed very largely of miners, who are notoriously uncertain in their habitats. The exodus to the gold mines of California during 1848 to 1851, drew from the lodge nearly its entire membership, until in 1853, the membership was so reduced that the remaining: members became disheartened and surrendered their charter.

Tliis lodge remained among the defunct lodges until 1858, when John H. Vivian, John James, Thomas Prisk, James James, Sr., Samuel Thomas, Edward Goad and John Milton applied to the Grand Lodge of Wisconsin for a restoration of the charter. The old charter having been lost, a new one was granted with the names above as charter members. The lodge was revived in August of that year, and prospered well until April, 1873, when it was removed to Adamsville to make room for Iowa Lodge, No. 1, then revived, at which place, Adamsville, it still remains in existence.

The sudden rise and decay of these earlier lodges may be largely attributed to the fact that they seem to have been organized and conducted as benefit societies, simply ignoring the higher moral plane on which modern Odd Fellowship seeks to place itself.

Wildey Enoampment, No. L - In his report of his visit to Mineral Point, Father Wildey says: '' Your agent here opened an Encampment. The fact of the former existence of this Encampment seems to have been forgotten by the officers of Grand Lodge of the United States, as evidenced by the fact that they alloweti the number to be transferred to one Milwaukee Encampment, and allowed its name to be adopted by another Encampment at Shullsburg, in La Fayette County."

'- Hearing that an Encampment at an early day was established at Mineral Point, which fact was positively denied by several of the oldest Odd Fellows in the State, I applied to P. G. John H. Vivian, for such information as he could collect, and am indebted to him for the following interesting statistics, the yellow paper and faded ink bearing testimony to their genuineness, besides the testimony of the Scribe.

" It will be observed that mention is made of an Encampment in the report made by P. G. S. AVildey, which was established by him at the same time. Like La Fayette, No. 2, it had a short life, and herewith is appended what purports to be a record of all the meetings held by " Wildey Encampment, No. 1." They were obtained from the Scribe, and I am indebted to P. G. John H. Vivian, for the interest he has taken and assistance in hunting up the old work. It was duly established out of doors, in a grove, as stated, guards being thrown out for protection :

Belmont, January 0. 1871. Fribnu Vivia.n : I have just received a few lines from vou in relation to the minutes of Wildey Encampment. Enclosed you will find all the proceedings of said lodge. Yours truly,

Mineral Point, August 4, 18.38. Pursuant to previous arrangement, the petitioners for an Encampment of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, to bo called Wildey Encampment, No. 1, of Wisconsin, met at the Odd Fellows Hall on this evening. Present,

After an explanation bad been given of the principles of an Encampment by P. G. S. Wildey, the petitioners received the several degrees belonging to this branch of the order. The follovping Brothers were next elected to serve in the several offices belonging to the order: James S. Bawden, Chief Patriarch ; Levi Sterling, High Priest ; Martin V. Burris, Scribe: Francis Vivian. Treasurer; William Polkenhorn, Senior Warden ; John Rich, Junior Warden, and Charles Harris, Guardian.

The wliole of the officers elected were regularly installed, the warrant delivered, and the Encampment regularly opened and established by P. G. S. Wildey. On motion,

Sunday Morning, 10 o'clock, A. M. The Encampment met according to previous arrangement at the hall, the following applicants being in waiting for an election, which resulted in their election : Robert W. Gray, Andrew Leonard and Joseph Bailey.

The Encampment then moved to Brother Sterling's grove and regularly initiated the applicants to the degrees of the Encampment. The dues collected were as follows: Brothers Sterling, Barris, Rich, Harris, Polkinhorn, Code and Vivian, each .5-3, making $35.

Agreeable to previous arrangement, the Encampment met and was opened in usual form, with C. P. Bawden in the chair. James M. Kane, being an applicant for the Encampment, was duly elected, and being in waiting, was regularly initiated into the degrees of the Encampment. Dues collected - T. T. Lathrop, R. W. Gray, J. Bawden, J. S. Bailev, .\. Leonard and J. .\I. Kane, each $.5, making iu all S30.

The Encampment met pursuant to previous arrangement. Peter Hartman and John Casserly being applicants for the Encampiiient, were duly elected to ihe several degrees belonging thereto. John Casserly being in waiting, was regularly initiated into all the degrees belonging to the Encampment, l^n motion,

Mineral Point, July 12, 1839. First stated meeting of Wildey Encampment, No. 1, met at their hall. The Encampment was opened in the visual form, with C. P. Bawden in the first chair ; H. P. Sterling in the second chair. William Campbell being an applicant for the Encampment, was balloted for, and duly elected a member of the Encampment, and received the Encampment, P.atriarchal, Golden Rule and Royal Purple Degrees, by dispensation of the Deputy, G. Sire Potts. On motion adjourned, to meet on the first Monday in .\ugust, 1839.

" Comments: Why (iid they adjourn to Sunday? There seems to have been a meeting ' agreeable to arrangement,' between Sunday and August 10. In a resolution offered on August 10, it would seem there was an initiation beside the degrees. Meeting 12th July, 1839, corroborates by mentioning four degrees.

' In reply to Brother Langworthy's query, ' Why did they adjourn to Sunday ? ' We would reply that in that early day the Sabbath had not extended as far as Mineral Point. And to the other question, ' Why the hiatus from August 10, 1838, to July, 1839 ? ' We would say that the records furnished him were fragments only. The probabilities are that other meetings were held between those dates."

Daughters <if Rebekah. - Amelia Lodge, No. 27. was chartered December 7, 1872, with these charter members : J. H. Vivian, H. Joseph, Isaac Penrose, John P. Prisk, J. Knight ; Sisters Jennie Clauer, Elizabeth Penrose, Amelia Vivian, Mrs. H. Joseph. Laura Pierce, Anna M. Prisk. This lodge now numbers forty in good standing. The following are the present officers: Mrs. E. Maston. N. G.; Mrs. E. Short, V. G.; S. C. Thomas, Secretary; Mrs. M. Hux table. Treasurer.

Good Templars. - Emery Lodge, No. 311, was organized November 5, 1865, by Miss Mary- Emery, of Wisconsin. The charter members numbered seventy-five. At the first meeting of this lodge, November 5, 1865, the following officers were chosen: Thomas Carkeek, W. C. T. ;. Mrs. "S. Coad, W. V. T. ; R. R. Clark, W. R. S. ; Ph. Lawrence, W. F. S. ; William Paynter, W. C. ; P. Allen, Jr., W. M. ; Mrs. John Harris, W. I. G. ; S. H. Webb, P. W. C. T. The first meetings of this lodge were held in the vestry of the Primitive Methodist Church. They afterward removed to R. L. Reed's Block in the First Ward ; remained here until theroom becoming too small to accommodate their fast. increasing numbers, they moved to the City Hall, where their meetings were held until the dedication of their new hall in Hadfield's Block in the Second Ward, which ceremony took place July 4, 1877. This room, which was fitted especially for the use of the Good Templars, is one of the most elegant, as well as one of the best adapted lodge-rooms in the State, the lodge property including fixtures, banners, regalia, etc., being valued at $600. At one time this society was the " banner lodge " of the State, with a membership aggregating 250 in good standing. It now numbers 150, with the following officers : J. B. Teasdale, W. C. T. ; Miss Nellie Fink, W. V. T. ; James Goldworthy, W. R. S. ; Samuel Goldworthy, W. F. S. ; Miss Jennie Gates, W. T. ; William Smith, W. C. ; William Harris, W. M. ; Miss Maggie Connoly, W. I. G. ; John Coad, Jr., W. 0. G. ; Dr. J. H. Wingender, P. W. C. T. Ph. Allen, Jr., of this lodge, was for two years G. W. C. T., and is now G. W. Counselor of the State; Mrs. Sadie Likens has held the office of G. W. Treasurer of the State Lodge. The following is a list of the P. W. C. T.'s : T. T. Carkeek, John Toay. Sr.. P. Allen, Jr., S. E. Shepard, .John Charles, N. T. Martin, James Brown, W. J. C. Bond, J. R Teasdale, J. P. Hankin, Alfred Charles, R. J. Pennhallegon, G. W. Field, J. H. Cartwright, J. H. Wingender. AVhile through the efforts of this lodge many moderate drinkers have become total abstainers, a number of habitual drinkers have been reclaimed, whose reformation is believed to be complete, and who are now good citizens and respected members of the church. Lender the auspices of the Good Templars' Lodge, the Band of Hope No. 11, Juvenile Temple, was organized August 7, 1S68, with ninety-five charter members. It now has 150 members in good standing, with the following officers: Thomas Jacka, W. C. T. ; Frank Ivey, R. S. ; W. Huxtable, F. S. ; Mrs. J. B. Teasdale, T. ; Bertha Kuhneman, Chap. ; S. Goodworthy, P. W. C. T. ; Alma Cox, W. V. T. ; James Coad, W. M. ; Miss Lu Hutchison. W. A. M. : William Smith, Jr., W. S. ; Miss Sally Gray. W. G. Lodge meets Fridays, and Temple on Tuesdays.

Emmet Circle. - This branch of the Fenian brotherhood was organized in Mineral Point in 1870, during the incipient agitation for the liberation of Ireland by filibustering expeditions through Canada. This was the only "circle" or branch in the State of Wisconsin, hence it was a representative institution. During its vigorous existence, a large amount of money was subscribed and forwarded to the " head center " in New York for the good of the cause. Altogether, about $400 was subscribed and collected, and, at the time of the Allen execution in Manchester, England, a poll tax of $5 was levied on the members. The sum of $120 was thus raised. The organization continued to enjoy a healthy existence for two years, when, after the lamentab'e and disastrous raid on Canuckia, the Emmet Circle disbanded in unison with a general decay of the movement. The officers were John Commins, Center ; Alex Hefferman, Vice Center; W. T. Healey, Secretary; James O'Neill and Thomas J. Clancy, Treasurers.

Protection Lodge. No. 7, A. 0. U. TF. - Was organized by J. M. Cissinger, D. V. M. W., April 23, 1877. The Ancient Order of United Workmen is cosmopolitan in character, embracing among its members all classes, forming a mutual life insurance. By paying an initiation fee and stated amounts at regular intervals, the members secure all the benefits to be derived from the principles upon which the life insurance system is based, and assures to the members weekly benefits, with a positive guarantee of $2,000 to the heirs and assigns of the deceased member. The Mineral Point lodge was organized by the election of the following officers : M. Benson, P. M. W. ; Sible E. Shepard, M. W. ; W. H. Curry, R. ; Fred Phillips, 0. ; William Eastman, Medical Examiner; P. Allen, Jr., G. F. ; William Perry, 0. W. ; James Kitto, I. W. ; William H. Osborne, G. ; George Crawford, F. ; William H. Bennett, R. The charter members were J. R. Toay, Francis Ensenroth, S. T. Osborne, C. E. Gale, W. H. Curry, M. Benson, S. E. Shepard, Fred Phillips, William Eastman, P. Allen, Jr., William Perry, James Kitto, William H. Osborne, William H. Bennett and George Crawford. This society now numbers forty-six, and is constantly increasing. Its meetings are held in the Good Templars' Hall, in Hadfield's Block, each alternate week. Officers are elected annually. The present officers are Joseph Hawkins, M. V. ; W. J. Cox, G. F. ; R. Julian, 0. ; Charles Neal, G. ; F. Ensenroth, R. ; A. Berg, F. ; William Perry, R. : H. Wies, 0. W. ; N. Kessler. E. W.

The Mineral Point Temple of Honor, No. 185 - Was instituted March 21, 1878, by Special Deputy C. F. Osborne, of Darlington. The following were the charter members : William Smith, J. P. Davies, H. S. Claner, James V. Dabb, N. T. Martin, Thomas H. Harrison, Josiah .Jacka. N. T. Holman, Simon Toay, Nicholas Uren, J. T. Prideaux, F. E. Hanscom, John P. Hambly, E. Y. Hutchison, John Coad, Samuel Toay, Will J. Penhallegon, John W. Richards, J. P. Hawkins. J. A. Huxtable, Harry Hawkins, John W. Bennett, John Dawe, W. H. Slawson, Richard Fredinick, William Thomas, James W. Hutchison, John Waters, Thomas Ivey, James Skinner, John N. Waters, James Penhallegon, Joseph Vivian, W. E. Mayhew, Rev. M. Benson, George Crawford, William Richards, R. G. Thomas, James Crawford, John Hadfield, W. A. Jones, Richard Jackson, Jr., Samuel J. Richards, John M. Richards, John M. Harris, J. H. L. Scheel, James Suthers, Charles Cox, John B. Wallis and Thomas S. Teague. The first election was held March 21, 1878, and the following officers chosen : John P. Davies, W. C. T. ; Samuel M. Toay, W. V. T. ; C. Y. Hutchison, P. W. C. T. : W. J. Penhallegon, W. R. ; Simon Toay, W. A. R. ; N. T. Martin, W. T. ; F. E. Hanscom, W. F. R. ; John W. Bennett, W. U. ; Richard Fredinick, W. D. U. ; John Coad, W. G. ; Nicholas Uren, W. S. ; William Thomas, W. R. H. S. ; Thomas Harrison, W. L. H. S. ; W. A. Jones, L. D. The P. W. C. T.'s are, S. M. Toav, E. Y. Hutchison, Josiah Jacka and W. J. Penhallegen. The present officers are William Smith, W. C. T. ; R. S. Lanyon, W. V. T. ; J. J. Toms, W. R. ; Josiah Jacka, W. A. S. ; J. B. Reynolds, W. F. R. ; Joseph Vivian, W. T. ; William Thomas, W. U. ; Edwin Woolrich, W. D. U. ; John Foster, W. G. ; John Evans, W. S. The greatest number belonging to this lodge at anv one time was one hundred and ten. The lodge now numbers seventy-five. Meetings are held weekly in the Odd Fellows' Hall.

American Legion of Honor. - Hope Council, No. 344, was instituted November 2.3, 1880, by David Neil, of Milwaukee. The object of this organization is to unite fraternally all persons of good moral character, who are socially acceptable, to give all moral and material aid to its members, and those dependent upon them ; to educate its members socially, morally and intellectually ; to establish a fund for the relief of sick and distressed beneficial members ; to establish a benefit fund, from whicli, on the death of a beneficiary member of the order, a sum not exceeding $5,000 shall be paid to the family, orphans or dependents, as the member may direct. This society was organized with a charter membership of nine, who were also the first officers. They were William Strauss, Commander ; John Daniels, Vice Commander ; H. S. Weil, Past Commander ; Anton Berg. Secretary and Collector ; Alfred Bishop, Treasurer ; William Eastman, Medical Examiner ; N. Kessler, Guide ; F. Guggenheim, Chaplain ; George S. Keeler, Orator. The society now numbers twenty members, with the following officers : William Strauss, Commander; John Daniels, Vice Commander; H. S. Weil, Past Commander; George S, Keeler, Orator ; Anton Berg, Secretary and Collector : Alfred Bishop, Treasurer ; William Eastman, Medical Examiner ; N. Kessler, Chaplain ; Henry Bennett, Guide. Trustees - Anton Berg, H. S. Weil and John Daniels.

M. E. Lyceum. - This society was organized in March, 1878, with the following charter members : John Eden, Ivah Benson, David Jacka, John Knight, James Benson, M. Benson, F. A. Spensley, Shirley Spensley. James Goldsworthy, Mary Downs, Mrs. J. Knight, Susie Benson, Susie Miller, Lena M. White, Eugenia Sherwood, Amelia E. Coad, Jennie Spensley, Maggie Spitzborth, Jennie Jacka, Lizzie Necollins, Stansmon Vivian, Colon Goldsworthy. The object of this organization is the mutual advancement, morally, intellectually and socially, of its members. The society frequently hold " dime entertainments," and meetings for debate on various subjects. It is composed of persons from the different churches in the city, and at present numbers forty. The ofiBeers now are Lofotus Wright, President ; Frank Hanscom, Vice President ; Miss Lena M. White, Secretary ; Miss Jennie Clark, Treasurer.

Religious

As appears in the sketch of the early settlement, the first religious services were held here as early as 1828, or 1829, by Elder Roberts, who preached baptism or damnation, both for infants and adults. Services were held in his cabin, or a building prepared for such purposes. It is said of the Elder, that he was exceedingly zealous in striving to convert sinners to Christ, and that he wielded a powerful influence for good among the miners. His headquarters were characterized by his associates as Jerusalem, and the Elder as the High Priest ; but, notwithstanding the levity indulged in by the miners, the Elder was generally respected and fairly treated by them. As one old settler remarks, "the very fact of having preaching, and a place to go to where something could be heard besides mineral talk, for a short time, proved not only a novelty, but was certainly beneficial to those rough and hardened men. No matter if they did leave the services to go to a horse race, or to play cards, and to have a rollicking time during the remainder of the day, there was yet a little good derived from the religious leaven that had been dropped into their souls."

The First Protestant Church in Wisconsin. - Mineral Point enjoys the distinction of having had the first Protestant church built in the State. This may be regarded by many as an event of no particular significance in connection with the present ; but, insignificant as it may seem, it was nevertheless the first, and withal, exhibits the fact that, although a majority of the early comers were rough and desperate characters, yet there were enough of God-fearing and humanityloving people here to take an early start in the right direction.

In trying to measure the development which has been made since that time, not only here, but throughout the State and the great Northwest generally, the mind is completely bewildered. In nearly every town of this vast area, may now be found churches of various denominations, among which "the least is not the Methodist, or that section to which bebnged the first church started ; and but forty-seven years have elapsed since that time. How wonderful, indeed, is the progress of civilization ; how grand and all prevailing ihe power of Deity. "In Him was life, and the life was the light of men," must be acknowledged by every person in contemplation of the change.

The following communication gives a graphic description of the first church, and the first work done there by the pioneer preacher. Rev. A. Bronson.

Dear Sir: The first Methodist Episcopal Church, and the tirst Protestant church built in Wisconsin, was erected at Mineral I'oint in 1831. It was of logi entirely. 1 think there was not a sawed board in it, except what was worked into %vindow-sash and doors. The logs were notched together at the corners, chinked inside, and daubed or plastered outside with clay mortar. The floor was of puncheons split out of logs, and smoothed with a broad-ax on the flat side, the round side being spotted to fit the sleepers. The roof was made of clapboards, split out of large oak trees, and the ceiling and pulpit were made from the same material. The seats were made of split logs smoothed on the flat side, with wooden pegs driven into auger holes for legs. I do not remember whether the door hinges were made of wood or iron. I think it was about 24x30 feet in area. It stood on the first spur or point of land that comes in from the northwest, some fifteen or twenty rods from Abner Nichols' old hotel, near the foot of Commerce street.

I held the first i|uarterly meeting: gave the first love feast, and administered the first sacrament in it, in the fall of 1835. How long it was used 1 do not know. I think a school was taught in it for some time, until aschoolhouse was built. 1 have a cane made out of one of the logs of that church, which was presented to me in 1871, in ilie present Methodist Episcopal Church. Respectfully,

The Hollowites. - In 1842, a man by the name of John Hollow came lo Mineral Point from England. He was what would be termed a dissenter from the established church, and something of an enthusiast as well. After his arrival, he began holding services here and there among those who sympathized with his views, and finally, about 1845, succeeded, by dint of hard work, in enlisting a good many in his favor, and in getting together sufficient means to build a chtirch. The organization that worshiped here for the next few years were known as the Hollowites.

Eventually the interest died out, and with it the society; the building was used for a school also during a great part of the time. About 18-1:9, it was taken by the Primitive Methodist or seceders from the Methodist Episcopal Church here, with whom were identified the Hollowites.

Methodist Episcopal Church. - Among the early churches of Wisconsin that have contributed so much to the progress, civilization and refinement of the citizens of the Badger State, should be classed the Methodist Episcopal Church. As early as 1834, an organization of this denomination was effected in Mineral Point, and being since cherished and fostered, is now recognized as foremost among the leading church societies of Southwestern Wisconsin.

The first class of this organization consisted of William Kendall and wife, John Wallace and wife, William Phillips and wife, Andrew Remfrey, William Ball, Mr. Miller and wife, Mrs. S. Thomas and James Nancarow. For some time these few persons congregated at their dwellings, and had regular prayer-meetings and instructions by the laymen of the fold. Early in September of this year. Rev. Thomas Haney, a noted pioneer " circuit rider," was sent here by an Illinois conference and frequently held religious meetings, which were attended by large numbers of the miners in the vicinity at the time, though, it is surmised, more out of curiosity to see the man who dared to venture in their very midst, and assail them for their laxity of morals, than to partake of the religious blessings there offered. The society continued to increase until, in 1837, it aggregated thirty members. During the fall of this year, a small rock church was built on the corner opposite the present elegant structure. Early in the year 1838, this edifice was dedicated and services instituted. The society having a church, now desired a resident Pastor, but as the congregation was small and unable to support a minister alone, the idea for the time being was abandoned. Soon, however, an opening for a day-school was found, and is was resolved by the congregation to procure a preacher who might administer to their spiritual wants on the Sabbath, and, during the week, teach school, and thus receive suflScient additional salary to sujiport him at this point. Forthwith the Illinois Conference was petitioned for a young man of the requisite qualifications, and Rev. John Mitchell, then stationed at Galena, was sent here and took charge of the combined duties of minister and pedagogue. Rev. Mitchell remained two years, and proved himself a most satisfactory selection. The congregation consisted principally of English and some Americans. For several years the Presbyterian element in the community attended services at the Methodist Episcopal Church.

The conveniences of this small church were necessarily of the most primitive character, and lacked to a remarkable degree the church ornaments and luxuries of the present day. The seats composed of two short poles crossed and placed at each end of a rough plank for support. Here in this rude structure petitions and prayers were offered up by the devout and sincere pioneers, who would frown upon the luxuriant upholstery and seemingly extravagance in the church fixtures of to-day.

In 1840, the rude plank seats were replaced with more comfortable and attractive benches- The congregation increased in numbers so rapidly, that, in 1845, more commodious apartments were required, and under the supervision of P. Allen, Sr., an addition was made to original building, and the church now assumed gratifying proportions.

The Mineral Point Circuit at this time embraced the territory of Mineral Point, Dodgeville and Peddlers' Creek, now Linden. The first quarterly conference was held at Mineral Point December 24, 1887, when were present Rev. R. Haney, Circuit Preacher, William Ball, William Thomas, William Kendall, William Webster and Andrew Remfrey, Stewards. Subsequent meetings were held at Peddlers' Creek, Dodgeville and again at Mineral Point. The congregation was administered to after the departure of Rev. John Mitchell, bv the circuit preachers. Rev. R. Haney, in 1837 ; H. W. Reed, 1838 ; T. C. Lopaz, 1839 ; John Crummer and J. Hodges, 1840 ; T. M. Fullerton, 1841. In October of 1841, Rev. J. G. Whitford became station preacher. He was succeeded in 1842 by Washington Wilcox, who was followed in 1843 by T. M. Fullerton. December 1, 1843, the Mineral Point Sabbath School had fifty-six scholars, twelve teachers, two superintendents and a library containing 184 volumes. In August, 1844,

The first recorded meeting of the Trustees was held June 21, 1845, when the members were William Kendall, Joseph Hatch, George Goldthorp, Samuel Rich, William T. Phillips. N. Coad, William Lanyon, John Pearce and Phillip Allen, Sr. Of this number the following officers were elected : William Kendall, President ; Samuel Rich, Vice President ; William T. Phillips, Secretary ; Nicholas Coad, Treasurer ; John Pearce, Collector. During this year the basement of the church was fitted up for school purposes, and was also rented as meeting room for the Odd Fellows and Sons of Temperance.

In the fall of 1846, Rev. J. M. Leihy took charge of the Mineral Point Station, and continued two years, when in 1848, he was succeeded by Rev. J. G. Whitford. During the pastorate of Rev. Whitford, a revolution occurred in the congregation, upward of fifty membersseceding, and who subsequently organized the Primitive Methodist Society. The cause of this movement is attributed to dissatisfaction concerning the rules and regulations of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Notwithstanding this severe check, however, the congregation continued its rapid progress, and, within a few years, fully recovered.

In September, 1849, Rev. R. P. Lawton became the preacher in charge. During thisyear, what is known as the " old " parsonage was built in the rear of the present church edifice. Rev. Lawton was followed by J. M. Snow, in 1850, and he was succeeded in 1851 by Rev. A. Brunson. Rev. John Nolan took charge in 1853, and remained until October of 1854, when he was succeeded by Rev. Washington Wilcox. He was followed in 1856 by Rev. Henry Wood ; in 1858, by Rev. James Lawson ; in 1859, by P. S. Mather ; in 1860. by Rev. Nelson Green; in 1861, by Rev. J. Knibbs. In the fell of 1863, Rev. W. B. Hazelton relieved Rev. Knibbs, and, in turn, was relieved by Enoch Tasker, in the fall of 1865. He remained but one year, and was followed by Rev. James Lawson, in September, 1866. During the pastorate of Rev. Lawson, this society made rapid strides toward its present admirable condition. Early in the year 1866, the subject of a new church was first agitated, but nothing was accomplished until April 15, 1867, when the committee appointed for the purpose, announced that they had purchased from the Common Council of the city, what was known as the " brick schoolhouse lot," the consideration being $1,000. This much being accomplished, the congregation awoke to the necessities of the hour, and subscription papers were circulated, large amounts were freely given, and all bid fair for a splendid success. A committee consisting of Edward Hosking, James Spensley and Rev. J. M. liawson was appointed to superintend the erection of the edifice according to the plans submitted by a Chicago architect employed for the purpose. Forthwith the foundation was built, and corner-stone laid and the work progressed rather slowly until it was finally completed and dedicated in 1871, the total cost being $32,000. This church is built of durable and attractive white sandstone, and with its elegant style and interior finish renders it the handsomest, most commodious and expensive church building in Iowa County.

In 1868, Rev. D. W. Couch relieved Rev. Lawson, and remained until October. 1871, when he was succeeded by Rev. I. E. Springer. Rev. J. B. Reynolds took charge in 1873, and was relieved in 1874 by Rev. C. Bushby. He remained as preacher in charge until 1876, when Rev. Mr. Benson became Pastor. He was relieved in 1878 by Rev. M. B. Balch, who was succeeded in the fall of 1880 by the present efficient Pastor, Rev. J. S. Thompson.

The church property on the corner opposite the present structure, was sold to John Spensley, and the old rock church was converted into a carpenter-shop, and was burned down in March, 1880. During the fall of 1880, the old parsonage was sold, and the present parsonage located opposite the public square, purchased.

The Sabbath scliool of this society is now in a flourishing condition, having a membership of over two hundred, with twenty two classes and a good corps of teachers.

The church society is in a healthy and prosperous condition, its members aggregating two hundred and fifty in good standing. When the large indebtedness of the past, and the present financial condition of the Methodist Episcopal Church are considered, our admiration of the suc- efforts of its energetic members is excited, and we cannot but wish them the brilliant success in this moral vineyard which they so richly deserve.

Trinity Church. - This society and church, of the Episcopal denomination, is one of the first organized in the State. The first service was held here about 1836, by Bishop Kemper, the year after his consecration in that capacity. In a letter written July 3 , 1837, by Rev. R. F. Cadle to the General Board of Supervisors at New York, he says : " I spent several days at Mineral Point : this place is said to contain 600 or 800 inhabitants, and there is a considerable population in the adjoining country. Several persons expressed their wishes to me for the appointment of a missionary. There are several Episcopalians in the village, and the number of persons disposed to attend public worship is large." From this statement, it will be seen that there was then no society here, nor, indeed, were they in the habit of having services at all. Under date of September 28, 1838, Mr. Cadle again writes: '"On Thursday. July 26, Bishop Kemper preached, after the reading of prayers by the Rev. Mr. Gear," then familiarly known through this section of the State as Father Gear ; the present Governor of Iowa is his son. Mr. Cadle adds : " Sunday, September 2, I preached in the court house."

In the summer of 1839, the preliminary steps were taken toward erecting a church, as appears from the fallowing notice, taken from the Miners Journal of June 11, 1839 :

"The Rev. Mr. Weed will preach at the court house Sunday next, at 10 o'clock A. M. and at 3 o'clock P. M., on the corner-stone of the new church."

In this connection, it may be well to state that this structure progressed no farther toward completion than the construction of the foundation, owing to the fact that the party who held the building fund appropriated it to other and baser uses.

In the fall of 1839, the Rev. Benjamin Eaton was appointed resident missionary at Mineral Point. On Sunday, December 8 of the above year, immediately after morning service, a meeting of the congregation was held for the purpose of effecting a regular church organization and electing parish officers. William H. Banks was called to the chair, and J. S. Bawden was appointed Secretary. The object of the meeting was then stated by M. M. Strong. On motion, Messrs. M. M. Strong, William R. Smith and Henry Hamilton were appointed a committee to draft a constitution and by-laws for the future guidance of the church. On motion, John Milton, J. S. Bawden and Rev. Benjamin Eaton were appointed a committee to collect funds with which to erect a church. The vestry elected were as follows: William R. Smith, M. M. Strong, Henry Dodge, John Milton, William H. Banks, J. S. Bawden, William Henry, Charles Bracken, Charles F. Legate, Robert W. Carson, Henry Hamilton and Nicholas Uren.

At an adjourned meeting, held Wednesday, December 11. 1839, the Committee on Constitution reported a set of rules which were accepted, and the following special officers were elected : Henry Hamilton and Wm. R. Smith, Church Wardens ; Charles F. Legate and M. M. Strong, Trustees; John Milton, Treasurer; and James S. Bawden, Clerk. At this meeting, a motion of thanks to Bishop Kemper for his zeal in establishing the church was adopted. Very soon after that, the church was incorporated, and, in order to promote the interests of the society, M. M. Strong donated the whole of Block No. 22 of his addition to the city of Mineral Point, to be used for church grounds, as it now remains. A number of lots adjacent were also given, which were afterward sold for parish uses. At that time, the parishioners went vigorously to work, making arrangements to erect a church, but, before they began, Rev. Eaton resigned and went to Galveston, Texas. This had the effect to discourage the people, and, for the time being, the project was abandoned. It is said of Mr. Eaton that he was a man of fine attainments, and so exceptionally eloquent as a pulpit orator, that the entire community flocked to his services.

After Mr. Eaton's departure, the organization relapsed, and, although occasional services were held by different parties, there is no record of any resident minister until September 15, 1845, when the Rev. Ebenezer Williams became Rector and the church was revived. Schuyler Pulford, M. D., and Thomas Riddell were elected Church Wardens, and M. M. Strong, R. W.