Fort Huachuca, Cavalry Stable, Clarkson Road, Sierra Vista (HABS AZ-210-B)

Source document Quoted word for word from HABS AZ-210-B. Not written, edited or summarised by this site.

Building is located along the west side of Clarkson Road, north of the intersection with Hungerford Avenue. Adjacent to end Building it is the second building from the south of seven cavalry stables aligned in a row on the site. The complex is located at Fort Huachuca (Sierra Vista vicinity), Cochise County, Arizona. The building and its complex lie within the Quartermaster area (Figure USGS Quadrangle, Fort Huachuca, Ariz., 7.5 minute series, photo- revised in This building is bounded by the following UTM coordinates: Zone 12 Northing Easting NW SW NE SE Date of Construction: Designer: Quartermaster Corps. Builder: United States Army.

Source document Quoted word for word from HABS AZ-210-B. Not written, edited or summarised by this site.

Building is an integral component of Fort Huachuca's cavalry stable complex. The seven cavalry stables at Fort Huachuca were completed in utilizing a standardized Quartermaster Corps plan. The structures are eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places due to their association with the Cavalry and the Punitive Expedition into Mexico in (Criterion A) and because they represent the only known examples of stables constructed using the Quartermaster Corps plan no. 291 (Criterion C). FORT HUACHUCA,

Cavalry Stable Hass

No. AZ-210-8 (Page 2) LIST OF FIGURES SITE PLAN SHOWING BUILDING LOCATION 12 U.S. ARMY QUARTERMASTER CORPS FORM, NO. 173A; INITIAL PROPERTY RECORD CARD, BUILDING 12 CONCRETE STEM WALL, SOUTHWEST CORNER 13 BADLY WEATHERED BOARD-AND-BATTEN WALL, SOUTH FACADE, SHOWING PAINT PEELING 13 DETAIL OF ROOF FRAMING, SHOWING THAT LONGITUDINAL TIE IS MISSING AT THE LEVEL OF THE LATERAL TIE BELOW THE DIAGONAL BRACES 14 NON-ORIGINAL EAST SLIDING DOOR WITH CENTRAL PERSONNEL DOOR. DOOR IS A PLYWOOD AND BOARD ASSEMBLY THAT MATCHES DOORS ON SEVERAL OTHER STABLE BUILDINGS 14 WEST FACADE, SHOWING PAIR OF SWINGING BOARD-AND-BATTEN DOORS.

DOORS ARE ORIGINAL OR EARLY REPLACEMENTS 15 PARTIAL VIEW OF DOUBLE-HUNG WINDOW, SOUTH WALL, SHOWING DETERIORATION OF GRILL AND SASH 15 DETAIL OF EAVES, SOUTHEAST CORNER 16 INTERIOR VIEW TO WEST, DOWN CENTRAL CORRIDOR OF FORMER STABLE AREA 16 B. 11. REMNANT OF ORIGINAL AISLE WALL FOR FORMER SOUTH SADDLE SHOP. NOTE VERTICAL BOARD CLADDING 17 REMNANT OF ORIGINAL BOARD-AND-BATTEN CEILING IN FORMER NORTH FEED ROOM AND SADDLE SHOP 17 VIEW OF FORMER NORTH PADDOCK, ENCLOSED BY CHAIN-LINK FENCE QUARTERMASTER CORPS FORM NO. 117 FOR BUILDING 23 REAL PROPERTY RECORD CARD, DA FORM BUILDING 24 "TYPICAL BUILDINGS, CLOSED STABLE," A STANDARDIZED PLAN VERY SIMILAT TO FORT HUACHUCA'S CAVALRY STABLES 25 FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-8 (Page 3) PART I. HISTORICAL INFORMATION A.

Physical History 1. Date of erection: According to U.S. Army Quartermaster Form No. 173a the initial property record card, this building and the other six cavalry stables were completed 5 January (Figure HASS No. AZ-210-8-5). 2. Architect: The Office of the Constructing Quartermaster Corps (O.C.Q.M.C.), provider of standardized plan no. as indicated on Form No. 173a. In this corps was one of five divisions of the Office of the Quartermaster General in Washington, (Chattey 3. Original owner, occupants, uses: The owner has been the U.S. Army. The known, original occupant/user was the Cavalry and its mounts. Very little information has been found about subsequent tenants, although the building's uses can be determined.

Apparently the building did not have horses in (Parkhurst and Thiel However, It was classified as a stable in (U.S.A.C.E. A change of use occurred between and when the building became a storage facility (Post Engineer Building currently serves as a furniture storage facility for the Army Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES). Building is to be used as an office for B Troop, 4th U.S. Cavalry (Memorial); hay storage; and an interpretative facility for the U.S. Cavalry. 4. Builder, contractor, suppliers: Built by the U.S. Army. Information about the contractor or suppliers has not been located. The photograph on Form No.173a shows four draft horses hitched to a construction rig in front of the building on which African-American laborers are working.

Buckets are being used in the construction process (Figure It was Quartermaster Corps policy for Army buildings to be erected and repaired by the troops (Chattey 5. Original plans and construction: Office of the Constructing Quartermaster Corps, standardized plan no. This plan could not be found at the National Archives; thus, it is not known whether its application on this post followed the standard or was a local modification to accommodate topographic and climatic conditions at Fort Huachuca (Chattey 6. Alterations and additions: All cavalry stables in the complex, including Building have been modified to a greater or lesser extent.

Modifications in this building are not extensive enough to compromise the exterior integrity nor obscure the essential, open- structure spatial quality of the interior. Some modifications relate to the era when the building was first converted from a stable to a warehouse, between and and are historically significant. Exterior modifications include original door replacement and universal window grill installation. Interior modifications include former storage room alterations, wall and ceiling cladding changes, stall rail removal, addition of concrete flooring, removal of some structural framing members, and the construction of a small latrine in the northwest corner. Most of the original structural system remains visible.

Study of the interior was limited by the presence of a large number of mattresses and other furnishings stored within. FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 4) As built in at its east end on either side of the aisle, the stable had a forage and grain room and a saddle room (U.S.A.Q.M.C. In as diagramed on Form No. 117 (the property record card), in the southeast corner, there was a by saddle shop (interior dimensions), to which a 9-ft-square feed room had been added on its west end. In the northeast corner was a by saddle shop, to which a 9-ft-square feed room had been added (Figure Currently, the former north saddle shop and feed room are identifiable, although greatly modified.

The west wall and the ceiling of the feed room remain, but the aisle walls and the wall separating the former spaces have been removed to create an open area for storage. The original 2" x 6" ceiling joists can be seen at the aisle edge above the ceiling. A portion of the original board-and-batten cladding remains on the ceiling. The original concrete slab flooring also remains. There is evidence on the ceiling that the north saddle shop itself was once partitioned into two spaces. Wall cladding in this former storage room area appears to be early, but not original. The former south saddle shop and feed room are also no longer enclosed spaces. Their aisle walls have been removed, except for a small remnant of the original wall at the east end.

The ceilings and original ceiling joists remain. Perimeter wall and ceiling cladding in this area is early, not original. In the stable area, all former stall rails were removed at some point, and the perimeter walls were modified by the installation of early cladding over the original exposed structure. This cladding, visible today, is a system of unpainted, wainscot-level, horizontal boards with paper-backed gypsum plaster board above. Apparently this wall cladding was installed between and the era of conversion from stable to warehouse. Probably during this same era, the extreme northwest bay was enclosed to create a latrine. Various elements of the interior are painted, as noted elsewhere.

In its current, furniture- packed condition, most noteworthy is the use of painted white and yellow stripes on the concrete floor of the aisle and painted black and yellow diagonals on the posts. B. Historical Context The United States Army completed the construction of seven cavalry stables at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, in January The stables housed horses and mules used by members of the Cavalry popularly known as the Buffalo Soldiers. The mid-1910s saw a military buildup along the United States-Mexican border, as internal Mexican political problems escalated. As intense fighting took place in northern Sonora, Fort Huachuca personnel patrolled the border, protected local residents and sought to prevent smuggling activities.

Members of the Cavalry participated in the Punitive Expedition, the last major use of cavalry forces by the United States Army. The seven stables were likely one of the last cavalry stables complexes built in the United States. The Punitive Expedition saw the first use of motorized vehicles by the military, and afterward the Army turned away from horse-mounted soldiers. The Cavalry left Fort Huachuca in however, the stables remained in use until at least They were later used for other purposes including storage and office space (Parkhurst and Thiel FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No.

AZ-210-8 (Page 5) To reinforce the formality that was traditional at historic, American military forts, stables tended to be repetitious units arranged in an orderly pattern not far from the barracks of the troops. Such repetition could be assured by the use of a standardized plan. Fort Huachuca's seven cavalry stables were located in the expanded Quartermaster area. Aligned in a row along the railroad right-of-way, the buildings constituted a property of identical buildings, each having a simple gable-roofed form (minus monitor) generated from Quartermaster Corps plan no. The stables were of the straight, double-loaded, central corridor type with identical, un-gated stalls lining the sides (Parkhurst and Thiel PART II. ARCHITECTURAL INFORMATION A. General Statement 1.

Architectural character: Like the other six stables in this complex, Building is distinctive for its simple morphology, a form most suited to its original function, the stabling of seventy-eight cavalry mounts. Generated from an elongated rectangular footprint, its walls arise punctuated by a regular array of double-hung and square windows, and its cap is a normal-pitch, gabled roof. Although walls are now clad inside, the visible original posts and roof framing system remind the viewer that the structural system is an elegant, although rustic, integration of repetitious components (HASS No. AZ-210-8-1).

The prototypical cavalry stable was an elongated, gable-roofed building with concrete foundations and a frame bearing wall system with interior posts installed along a central aisle that supported repetitive, exposed roof framing. Exterior walls were board and batten, and roofing was corrugated metal. There were three door openings, one on each gable end and one on the north side wall to allow mounts access into the paddock. Ramps were provided where needed. Readable photographs of the main entry doors alone can be found, showing a pair of swinging, wood-panel doors with one light above. Fenestration included six-over-six double-hung windows for storage rooms near the east end and an array of square, six-light windows to illuminate individual stalls.

Inside, on either side of the central aisle at the east end, were a forage and grain room and a saddle room. These rooms had concrete floors plus vertical board siding along the aisle and horizontal wood sheathing inside. The end wall of each room, which formed one side of an adjacent stall, was reinforced by thicker, horizontal, board sheathing. Each room had two panel doors on the aisle and ceilings were board and batten. The rest of the building was devoted to the stabling of horses and mules in repetitive, double-stall bays defined by the wood posts. Here the walls were unfinished with exposed framing. There was no ceiling other than the roof framing clad in corrugated metal. The floor was dirt. Stall rails were framed into the back of each post, and there were no gates at the aisle.

Mangers were attached to walls where animals were tethered. 2; Condition of fabric: The overall structural condition of Building is sound, in spite of its vintage and the removal of some structural framing ties. Its present furniture storage use no doubt prompts vigilance concerning stabilization, especially from water intrusion. Its foundations and framing are largely intact, due to its initial good workmanship and durable materials. Its exterior cladding is weathering and currently is in fair-to-poor condition. FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HASS No. AZ-210-B (Page 6) 8. Description of Exterior 1. Overall dimensions: Building is 219 ft, 8 inches long by 30 ft, 5 inches wide. The walls are approximately 1O ft, 8 inches high from the top of the stem wall to the top of the wall plate.

The gable height is approximately 18 ft. 2. Foundations: Foundations are hand-poured, board-formed concrete and comprise a continuous 8-inch-thick stem wall. It is unlikely there is any steel reinforcing in this foundation. Due to the site slope, the stem wall is not visible at the east end of the building, but it is exposed along most of the south fagade and the entire north and west facades. Its hand-poured quality is seen in occasional voids and seams from uneven board placement. The stem wall is painted tan to match the current color of the walls. The stem wall is currently in fair condition with some cracks, abrasion, and corner deterioration. There is no sign of major structural cracking.

Where the wall has deteriorated or in voids, it can be seen that a large stone aggregate was used in the original concrete mix (Figure As in Building each interior wood post probably bears on a small concrete pad, approximately 7 inches square in plan and installed level with the top of the foundation sill. Owing to the presence of a concrete floor, this could not be studied. 3. Walls: Exterior walls are structural wood frame sheathed in a vertical board-and-batten system that extends from the eaves and gable rakes to approximately 5 inches below the top of the exposed concrete stem wall. Boards and battens vary slightly in width. The boards average approximately % inch by 9 inches, and the battens are approximately % inch by 3 inches wide.

The board-and-batten system produces a regular with battens casting shadows at different times of the day and year. Where paint is chipped off on this building and the walls of the other cavalry stables, it is evident that there have been at least four coatings of paint on each building. The earliest layer appears to have been a strong Kelly green. The second layer was a cream yellow, and the third a powder blue. The final layer, visible today, is a medium-tan brown. The condition of the exterior walls at this time ranges from fair to poor, with the poor condition largely on the south and west walls. There is considerable paint peeling, some broken and dislodged boards and battens, and dislodging of nails.

Deterioration is especially evident on the bottom half of the south wall, where much of the original Kelly green paint layer can be seen (Figure 4. Structural system, framing: Much of the integrated, repetitious structural system is easy to study because it is exposed inside. Although cladding obscures the wall structure, it is a wood frame bearing wall system on continuous concrete foundations with two internal, longitudinally placed rows of regularly spaced posts along a central aisle. The posts should be braced and tied to the walls, the sloping roof rafters, and across the aisle by lateral, longitudinal, and diagonal members. Some of the tie members have been removed.

Posts, roof framing members, and nailing boards appear to be of redwood, whereas wall studs and exterior board siding are probably of fir. FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 7) Like Building the bearing walls are undoubtedly 2" x 6" studs. The walls are attached to a 6" x 8" wood sill on the concrete stem wall. There are undoubtedly double plates atop the studs and horizontal blocking at certain intervals above the sill. The posts are 6" x 6" redwood timbers that extend from below the floor to the bottom edge of a rafter.

Except for the large 3" x 1O" support header and the 3" x 6" tie beam at the top of the posts, framing members are 2" x Although some unskilled modification has compromised the structural system in Building posts should be tied at the top and at 9 ft, 7 inches above the floor with flanking, diagonal, braces. Each post is also connected to the top of the nearest wall by a tie beam attached to a rafter and the wall plate. Such tying occurs on the east side of every sixth rafter. All longitudinal ties at the 7-inch level, and some cross ties are currently missing (Figure Roof rafters are 2" x 6"s that extend beyond the walls to form eaves with overhangs. They tie into a thin ridge member. Above the rafters are 2" x 4" nailing boards to which corrugated metal roofing is attached.

The 2" x 4"s extend beyond the gable walls to form rake overhangs. Structural members in Building are in fair-to-poor condition due to removal without replacement of some structural members that contribute to an integrated system. The structural system should be investigated. Posts are all original but some have %" x 5 W' board cladding on three sides up to 6 ft high. All have been painted with yellow and black diagonal warning stripes. 5. Entrance aprons, ramps: Photographs on forms No. 173a and 117 do not show any kind of grade-level apron at the principal, east entry up to (Figures ). The current, slightly sloped, angled concrete apron between the east door and the road pavement was probably installed between and when the building was converted to a warehouse.

Asphalt covers the east edge of this feature. There are no longer loading platforms for the north and west doors. 6. Chimneys: On the north roof slope, there are three, through-the-roof, metal chimney flues near the east end and one vent near the west end. On the south roof slope, there are two flues. 7. Openings: Doorways and doors: Currently, Building has three exterior doors, on the east, north, and west facades. The openings appear to be original, or slightly modified, but the east and north doors have been replaced. The west door is either original or an early replacement. The east or principal entry has a large, single leaf sliding door containing a personnel door.

It is a non-original assembly of the same vintage as the doors on most of the other stable buildings, being more recent than The sliding door is suspended on metal brackets that slide in a steel track above. The track has a red-brown painted, sheet metal cover that is dislodged and deformed in places. The door leaf is 1O ft, 0 inches wide and 10 ft, 0 Y2 FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 8) inches high. It is an assembly of plywood in grooved board stiles and rails. The corners are secured by diagonal sheet metal plates. The metal elements, which appear on both faces of the door, are through-bolted.

The personnel door, a 8-inch by 8-inch swinging flush door, is located off-center in the sliding door (Figure The west doorway has a pair of custom-built, swing-type doors that appear to be very early in vintage (Figure (As mentioned, no pictures of original west doors have been found.) The opening is 9 ft, O inches wide by 9 ft, 4 Y2 inches high. The door leaves are constructed of large vertical boards with %-inch by 3 %-inch battens. The board-and-batten exterior face is attached to wide boards in a "Z" configuration on the back. Apparently, the north doorway also has a swinging board-and-batten door in its opening. It cannot be observed inside due to stored furnishings. b. Windows: Windows are a very interesting feature on this building, and they reflect former interior use.

They are located on the south and north walls only. Most original windows remain. The former saddle shop areas, used by humans only, have double-hung windows of a type customary for the era. Each former stall is served by a hopper-type, square window with glazing. The window sash itself was manufactured and is identical to that used originally on all cavalry stables. Identical, six-over-six, double-hung windows that originally served the saddle shops are found on the east end. There are three double-hung windows on the south facade and two on the north facade installed in 8-inch by 2-inch rough openings. Identical, six-pane windows to serve former stalls are installed in 10-inch square openings. They are up- swinging hoppers hinged inside on top with a latch below.

Both window types have%" x 3 %"casing and a 1 %'' x 8" sill (HASS No. AZ-210-8-2, HABS No. AZ-210-8-3). Currently all windows have exterior, wood-frame, square-wire mesh grills, either nailed or bolted to the casings. The last paint color on the grill frames was mauve. Most hopper windows have plywood backing inside, obscuring the view. Double-hung windows do not have plywood backing. The windows, exterior casing and grill frames are very weathered but repairable (Figure There is some broken glazing and an occasional broken mullion. One hopper sash is missing on the south facade. 8. Roof: a. Shape, covering: The roof is a low-pitch gable. Its slope is approximately degrees. Since the principal building entry is on the gabled wall of the east facade, this is a front- gabled roof form.

The property record card indicates that the original roofing was "corrugated iron," and the current corrugated metal may be original or over 50 years old (U.S. War Dept. It has been painted light gray. The paint has flaked off in places. At the rakes the metal is bent to form a drip edge. b. Eaves: Eaves comprise exposed 2" x 6" rafter ends that extend to form a overhang. The gable rakes, supported by the nailing boards, extend approximately 1 ft. There is a FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 9) cornice board at the rakes and eaves. Eaves are generally in fair condition, because framing members have been painted. There is weathering of rafter ends and paint peeling on the underside of the roofing (Figure C. Description of Interior 1.

Floor plan: Today this single-story, former stable building is a long hall, zoned so that remnants of former storage rooms, now missing aisle walls and partitions, occupy the east end on either side of a 10-ft-wide aisle. Defined by posts, the aisle courses through an extensive area once devoted to the stabling of mules and horses (Figure Wood posts form a repetitive pattern of bays, each formerly a stall. As mentioned, there are three door openings, with the principal entry on the east end. Besides the double-hung windows, former stall windows are centered in bays to form a regular array on the exterior. There is a small frame latrine, built into a single bay in the northwest corner of the building. 2. Stairways: None. 3.

Flooring: The original, good-quality concrete slab floors of the saddle shops and feed rooms remain. In addition, the original dirt floor in the former stable area is currently covered in concrete. The concrete was probably installed between and when the building was converted from a stable to a storage facility. Control joints are located longitudinally on the aisle side of each wood post and laterally on either the east or west side of each post. White and yellow stripes are painted on the aisle concrete near the posts. 4. Wall and ceiling finish: The interior perimeter wall faces in the former stable area (originally unfinished, exposed structure) are clad in an early vintage, unpainted, horizontal, 5 %-inch wood board sheathing that forms a wainscot 3 ft, 1O % inches above the slab.

Above this band is an early type of 3/8-inch gypsum wallboard encased in brown paper. This material extends to the rafter level. There is a wood nail strip along its top edge. The gypsum wallboard is painted red-brown. The walls in the former saddle shop zones have a variety of treatments. The west face of the north feed room end wall has board cladding that rises to approximately 1O ft, 6 inches in height. This cladding constitutes 11 %-inch boards installed up to 5 ft above the slab, with 9-inch vertical boards above. Lining what remains of the interior walls of the north storage rooms is a similar base of horizontal board cladding with painted plywood above. White acoustic tile has been applied in places.

The south saddle shop zone features one remnant of the original aisle wall near the east entry door. It consists of vertical 9-inch boards, painted gray at the bottom and white at the top (Figure ). Installed on what remains of the interior walls of the south storage rooms are plywood sheets with small wood strips over the joints. The wainscot level is painted green with cream white above. The outer walls of the latrine are clad in unpainted sheets of plywood. There are no ceilings in the open former stabling area, but they do exist in the zone of the former storage rooms. There is also an early gypsum wallboard ceiling in the latrine addition. The original ceiling treatment remains in the former north feed room and west half of the FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No.

AZ-210-B (Page 10) north saddle shop. It is board and batten, longitudinally installed, and consists of 1" x 9" boards with 1" x 2" battens, painted white (Figures HASS No. AZ-210-8-4). The ceiling in the south storeroom zone is an early vintage plywood with wood strips to match the walls. It is painted white. 5. Openings: a. Doorways and doors: There is one interior door remaining in this building. It pertains to the latrine addition and is an old five-panel type with a contemporary lock set. This door is stored in the latrine, having been removed from its frame. b. Windows: Noted elsewhere. 6. Decorative features: None. 7. Hardware: None. 8. Mechanical equipment: a. Heating, air-conditioning, ventilation: When first constructed, the building had no mechanical equipment.

Ventilation, a necessity for a stable, was provided through operable windows. According to the real property card, a space heater was installed in for In a heater was installed for (U.S. Army Form The presence of existing mechanical equipment cannot be observed due to the current storage clutter. b. lighting: The real property record notes a 30-amp connect with #8 wire (U.S. Army Form Original wiring and lighting fixtures no longer remain. An early, ceiling-mounted, bare-bulb, ceramic fixture is installed in the board-and-batten ceiling of the former north saddle shop. Elsewhere, lighting generally consists of fluorescent fixtures hung from chains mounted on framing cross ties over the aisle. c. Plumbing: The building record card indicates %-inch water and 4-inch sewer connections (U.S.

Army War Dept. Gas installation is also indicated (U.S. Army Form There is an early toilet, lavatory, and old water heater in the latrine. 9. Original furnishings: None. D. Site 1. General setting and orientation: Near the northwest corner of the intersection of Hungerford Avenue and Clarkson Road, Building is the second unit from the south of Fort Huachuca's historic cavalry stable complex in the former, expanded Quartermaster area east of Huachuca Creek. The building is an integral component of a property of parallel, regularly arranged, matching units aligned along Clarkson Road and spaced approximately apart, with former paddocks in between. These elongated, gable-roofed buildings are southeast-northwest trending.

Given the spatial quality inherent in the regulated positioning of these buildings, the complex itself can be considered a single historic property. FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-8 (Page 11) The site incorporates the stable complex and a surrounding area that includes the right-of- way of former railroad tracks to the east, Hungerford Avenue to the south, Huachuca Creek to the west, and part of the parking lot of Building to the north. The terrain slopes considerably to the northwest. Today's Clarkson Road, once an unnamed dirt access way, is asphalt paved. The historic railroad right-of-way, just east of Clarkson Road, is a level strip along a steep embankment.

There is a stone-lined drainage ditch along the east edge of the railroad bed and several Depression-era mortared, stone masonry features, including stairs and a retaining wall, within view of the buildings. Large, historic cottonwood trees grow along the railroad bed and downslope to the west along Huachuca Creek, a dry watercourse for much of the year. (See Parkhurst and Thiel The microsite of Building consists of its former paddock area (between this building and Building the adjacent paddock to the south (between this building and Building and a zone to the rear and in front. The strip between the east building and the pavement edge of Clarkson Road is a zone of packed earth where the concrete apron lies.

The former north paddock, where horses and mules for Building were turned out, is a 11 %-inch-wide zone of grass. It is a chain-link fence enclosed feature (Figure The south paddock is a chain-link enclosed zone of packed earth and trimmed grass. West of the building, a grassy slope descends to Huachuca Creek and its banks lined with riparian vegetation. FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HASS No. AZ-210-B (Page 12) FORT HUACHUCA CAVALRY STABLES AU\ a - - o............ n SITE PLAN !5 30 45 FIGURE SITE PLAN SHOWING BUILDING LOCATION. FIGURE U.S. ARMY QUARTERMASTER CORPS FORM, NO. 173A INITIAL PROPERTY RECORD CARD, BUILDING (ON FILE AT THE FORT HUACHUCA HISTORICAL MUSEUM). FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No.

AZ-210-B (Page 13) FIGURE CONCRETE STEM WALL, SOUTH- FIGURE BADLY WEATHERED BOARD- WEST CORNER (PHOTOGRAPH BY JANET AND-BATTEN WALL, SOUTH FAQADE, SHOW- PARKHURST, JANUARY ING PAINT PEELING (PHOTOGRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 14) FIGURE DETAIL OF ROOF FRAMING, SHOWING THAT LONGITUDINAL TIE IS MISS- ING AT THE LEVEL OF THE LATERAL TIE BELOW THE DIAGONAL BRACES (PHOTO- GRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY FIGURE NON-ORIGINAL EAST SLIDING DOOR WITH CENTRAL PER- SONNEL DOOR. DOOR IS A PLYWOOD AND BOARD ASSEMBLY THAT MATCHES DOORS ON SEVERAL OTHER STABLE BUILDINGS (PHOTOGRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 15) FIGURE WEST FAQADE, SHOWING PAIR OF SWINGING BOARD-AND- BATTEN DOORS.

DOORS ARE ORIGINAL OR EARLY REPLACEMENTS (PHOTO- GRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY FIGURE PARTIAL VIEW OF DOUBLE- HUNG WINDOW, SOUTH WALL, SHOWING DETERIORATION OF GRILL AND SASH (PHOTOGRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JAN- UARY FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 16) FIGURE DETAIL OF EAVES, SOUTHEAST CORNER (PHOTOGRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY FIGURE INTERIOR VIEW TO WEST, DOWN CENTRAL CORRIDOR OF FORMER STABLE AREA (PHOTOGRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HASS No. AZ-210-B (Page 17) FIGURE REMNANT OF ORIGINAL AISLE FIGURE REMNANT OF ORIGINAL BOARD- WALL FOR FORMER SOUTH SADDLE SHOP.

AND-BATTEN CEILING IN FORMER NORTH NOTE VERTICAL BOARD CLADDING (PHOTO- FEED ROOM AND SADDLE SHOP (PHOTO- GRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY GRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HASS No. AZ-210-B (Page 18) FIGURE VIEW OF FORMER NORTH PADDOCK, ENCLOSED BY CHAIN-LINK FENCE (PHOTOGRAPH BY JANET PARKHURST, JANUARY FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 19) PART Ill. SOURCES OF INFORMATION A. Architectural Drawings: This building was constructed from the Office of the Constructing Quartermaster Corps (O.C.Q.C.) standardized plan no. as noted on the initial property record card (U.S.A.Q.M.C. The plans were not found at Fort Huachuca or other depositories of records.

During the period when Fort Huachuca was deactivated and reactivated several times, from to drawings and records were removed from the post and apparently lost (Parkhurst and Thiel The U.S. Army generated one early twentieth-century, standardized plan that is very similar to the Fort Huachuca cavalry stable plan (Construction Division of the Army 1919:plate It has the same elongated layout, front-gabled form, framing system, and fenestration found in plan no. This closed stable features a double-loaded, central-aisle, straight-stall plan with saddle and forage rooms at one end of the building. Mangers are mounted on the frame walls (Figure B. Early Views: Early views of Building are found on the initial property record card, Form No. 173a, and the card, Form No. 117 (Figures ). C.

Interviews, Consultations: Robert Arzola, Architect. Historic American Buildings Survey, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington Mr. Arzola provided initial verbal guidance for architectural drawings. March Tom Campbell, Mechanical Engineer. Engineering Services Branch, Engineering Plans and Services Division, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Mr. Campbell researched and provided historic maps and building modification plans. January Mike Berg, Branch Chief. Engineering Services Branch, Engineering Plans and Services Division, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Mr. Berg provided a disk of scanned historic plans, including a modification for Building November Jack Boucher, Photographer. Historic American Buildings Survey, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, Mr.

Boucher provided initial verbal guidance for the large-scale photography. March Paul W. Chattey, Historical Architect. Resources, Management and Science Department. Yosemite National Park. Mr. Chattey provided information about his work at Fort Huachuca, including his HASS documentation of four of the cavalry stables while working for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District. March February Thomas G. Cochran, Chief. Environmental and Natural Resources Division, Directorate of Public Works, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Mr. Cochran provided administrative support for this HASS project. December to February Paul Dolinsky, Chief. Historic American Buildings Survey, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, Mr.

Dolinsky provided initial verbal guidance for documentation of a stable complex. March FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 20) Raymond L. Easton, Real Property Clerk. Real Property Division, Directorate of Public Works, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Mr. Easton researched, interpreted, and provided property record cards for the seven stable buildings. In addition, he provided a very useful map a.nd a building inventory. November through February Bob Frankeberger, Architect. Arizona State Historic Preservation Office, Phoenix, Arizona. Mr. Frankeberger provided scope guidance, review, and coordination with Fort Huachuca and the National Park Service, Denver, Colorado. March and June Steve Gregory, Museum Assistant. Fort Huachuca Historical Museum, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Mr.

Gregory provided research guidance and archival material including maps, photographs, and text about the evolution of the site and the stabling of mules and horses at Fort Huachuca. January, February Tomas G. Keohan, Historical Architect. Heritage Partnership Program, National Park Service, lntermountain Regional Office, Denver, Colorado. Mr. Keohan provided guidance and review of CAD drawings of the site and Building October until April Vince Moreau, Facility and Space Utilization Specialist, Real Property Division, Directorate of Public Works, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Mr. Moreau secured access to the buildings for documentation purposes. December through January Mary Padilla, HABS/HAER Coordinator. National Park Service, Santa Fe, New Mexico. Ms.

Padilla assisted with initial procedure and provided original material from a submission for Building March William T. Phillips, Museum Director, Fort Huachuca Historical Museum, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Mr. Phillips provided archival property record cards, maps, early photographs, disks with scanned images, historic information, and research guidance plus arranged the venue for the photographer. November to January Charles Slaymaker, Historic Properties Manager. Environmental and Natural Resources Division, Directorate of Public Works, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Dr. Slaymaker was the historic property manager for this HABS project. He provided administrative support and documentary material on the buildings. He provided on-going research guidance and participated in valuable interviews.

December to February Joshua Swanson, ITAM GIS Analyst. Range Management, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Mr. Swanson provided base contour and aerial plans, appropriately scaled and adjusted, to be used for the project site plan. In addition, he provided individual building UTMs. January Lysa Wegman-French, Historian. Heritage Partnership Program, National Park Service, lntermountain Regional Office, Denver, Colorado. Ms. Wegman-French outlined the project scope. In addition, she provided on-going guidance of HABS procedures and review of submittals. March to April FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HASS No. AZ-210-B (Page 21) D. Bibliography Books and Reports: Chattey, Paul W. "Fort Huachuca, Building (Cavalry Stable), HABS No. AZ-XX-XX." Draft HABS outline form. Seattle: U.S.

Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District. Technical Center of Expertise for Preservation of Historic Buildings and Structures, (This report has general information that also applies to Building Construction Division of the Army. Manual of the Construction Division of the Army. Washington, Consolidated Supply Co., Parkhurst, Janet H., and J. Homer Thiel. "Historical Narrative," in A Historic American Buildings Survey of the Fort Huachuca Cavalry Stables (HABS No. AZ-210-A through G), Cochise County, Arizona, by Janet H. Parkhurst, J. Homer Thiel, Ralph Corney, and Susan D. Hall. Project Report No. Tucson: Desert Archaeology, Inc., U.S. Army Forms: U.S. Army. Real Property Record, DA Form Authorized for use on 1 November On file at the Fort Huachuca Real Property Division Office.

Entries for Building go from to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (U.S.A.C.E.), Los Angeles District. DD Form 290 - Transfer of New Construction/Real Property - RE-C-292-51. An inventory of properties for re- activation of the fort. On file at the Fort Huachuca Real Property Division Office and at the Fort Huachuca Historical Museum, 25 April U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps (U.S.A.Q.M.C.), Form No. 173a, Property record card, authorized for use on 15 November Card is for Building No. On file at the Fort Huachuca Historical Museum Annex, U.S. Army War Department, Form No. 117 (Old No. 173A), Property record card, revised 28 June Card is for Building No. On file at the National Archives II, College Park, Maryland, Record Group 77, Ch.

of Engineers, Entry Historical Record of Buildings, Box 95, Folder 4. Drawings: Post Engineer Office, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. General Site Plan Building Use Map. On file at the Fort Huachuca Historical Museum, 9 June U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District. D.O. Series Demobilization Study Layout Plan. On file at the Fort Huachuca Real Property Division Office, 1 November revised FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 22) E. Likely Sources Not Yet Investigated: The occupancy history of Building has not been completely documented. It would be useful to know whose horses were stabled in the building after the Cavalry departed, as well as who used the building when it was a storehouse rather than a stable.

An Army personnel record search for individuals who might have worked in the stables could prove useful. FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 23) F. Supplemental Material: O.Q.M.C..: Plan No ... ~~ -- Building No. __ _ ! /; Applt!Val uf Seor~ary o{ Wu u required liy A. R. 30 (at'<.. !fRwMld:;ro.::-!1,1~ ADDITloNS AN!> IN.'>TAUATIONS {'Belciv eghlally all tu lilial.tiona. 11d,U.. )U" ,_, .. .. ~ - . .. Ui:stt.ttC'l'lO!Q.-" a" Sta~ whether ~&ted :from Cfttrai biu..ling 01" by fIJ.dividual he.ii.tills plants, itWvea. or.~ "b" S4te 1f1i11tbet" atea.tn, vapor, botcwaier, or hot a.a-. "v ". state w~ 8Allo cod, oil. or plu:i;. FIGURE QUARTERMASTER CORPS FORM NO. 117 (OLD FORM NO.

173A) FOR BUILDING A PLAN VIEW, PRESENT ON THE REVERSE SIDE, IS SHOWN (NATIONAL ARCHIVES, RECORD GROUP 77, ENTRY HISTORICAL RECORD OF BUILDINGS, BOX 95, FOLDER 4). FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-8 (Page 24) .cAT:g ~RY 'c ooe: 4 OE51GN 0 CAP-.a..e:ri-Y 8. MA.P NO. 16. 'F'lf'i!<)''RClTECTION 20. T,YP'E'i:i'i<''CA1tD , ~ B~OG 0 0 LANO ,coo&: . i' ,_. - ' . ' ' FIGURE REAL PROPERTY RECORD CARD, DA FORM BUILDING (FORT HUACHUCA REAL PROPERTY DIVISION OFFICE). FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HASS No. AZ-210-8 (Page 25) SECTION C. PLATE. 50 J~ i!'.t ill:! e.. ENO i:u:v.t.T10N secTJON A-A DETAfl. :!lecrtON 'T'HR'U. e.e..

SfCllON~ T!IRU' Dal l'IAN&ell -n.--.iv-r~~......ti,..-.-- CONSTRUCTION DIVISION a: THE ARMY , TYPICAL BUILDINGS CL05ED STABLE FIGURE "TYPICAL BUILDINGS, CLOSED STABLE." A STANDARDIZED PLAN VERY SIMILAR TO FORT HUACHUCA'S CAVALRY STABLES (CONSTRUCTION DIVISION OF THE ARMY 1919:SECTION C PLATE FORT HUACHUCA, CAVALRY STABLE HABS No. AZ-210-B (Page 26) PART IV. PROJECT INFORMATION A number of individuals contributed to this project, working from December to March Architectural building documentation and historical research were completed by Tucson historic architects Janet H. Parkhurst, M.A., and Ralph Corney, M.A., AIA, of Ralph Corney Architects and Janet H. Strittmatter, Inc., Associated Architects. Historical research was also conducted by historical archaeologist J.

Homer Thiel, M.A., of Desert Archaeology, Inc., at the National Archives and the Library of Congress in Washington, the Arizona Historical Society and the University of Arizona Special Collections in Tucson, Arizona; and at the Fort Huachuca Historical Museum, Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Peter L. Trexler, photographer, and Moira MacMahon, photography assistant, photographed the buildings and archival photographs at Fort Huachuca and prepared large-format photographs for inclusion in the report. Susan D. Hall, an archaeologist and former architect employed by Desert Archaeology, Inc., drafted the architectural drawings.