The Marietta Journal, 1868-12-25

© THS BOTTOM OF T 8 OCBAN. ' BY PROFESSOR HUXLEY. % ; In 1853, Lientenant Breoke obtained 'mud from the battom of the North At Atlantiey - lantiey Atlantiey between Newfoundland and the Azores, at a deoth of wmore than ten thousand feet, or twa miles, by the help of his sounding apparatus. The speci speci' - ' speci' inens were sent for examination to )l']hrepburg, of Berlin, and to Daily of - West Point and those able microsenpists found that this deep sea mad was al almost - most almost entirely eomposed of the skeletons of living organism - the greater propoer propoertious - tious propoertious of these being just like the Glohi Glohigerginae - gerginae Glohigerginae already known to ocenr in the chalk, 'Thus far the wark had been carried on simply in the interests of sciencos but Lieutenant Crooke's method of sounding acquired a high commercial value when tha enterprise of laying the telegraphic cable between this country and the United Siat:s was undertaken, Ifor it bacame a matter of imwmense ims portance to know, not only the depth of the sea aver the whole line along which the eable was te bo laid, but the exact nature of the bottom, so as to guard against chances of eutting or fraying the strands of that costly rope. The Admiralty consequently ordered Captain Dayman, an old friend and shipmate of mine, to ascertain the depth of the whole line of the cable, and to bring back specimens of the bottom, In former days such a command as this might have sounded very much like one of the tmpossibla things which the young prince in the Fairy Tales is ordered to do before hie ean obtain the hand of the princess. However. in the month of June and July, 1557, my friend per performed - formed performed the task assizned to him with great precision, without, so far as [ kinow, having met with any reward of that kind. The specimens of Atlantic muad which he produced were sent to me to be examined and reported upon, The result of all these operations is that we know the contours and anature of the surface-soil covered by the North Atlantic for a distance ot 1,700 nriles from cast to west, as well as we know that of any part of tha dry land, lluis a prodigious plain, one of the widest and most even plains in the world. If the sea were drainied oft you might drive a wagon allthe way from Valentia, on the west coast of Ireland, to Trinity Bay, in Newfoundland. And, execpt one sharp incline, about two hundred miles from Valentia, lam not quite sure that it would be cven necessary to put the skid on, so" gentle are the ascents aud descents upon that route. From Valentia the road wouldlie down hill for about two hundred miles to the point at which the bottoin is mow covered by 1,700 fathoms of sea-water. Then would come the eentral plain, more than 1,000 miles wide, the inequalities of the surface of which would be hardly per perceptible, - ceptible, perceptible, though the depth of the water uponit varies from 10,600 ta 15,000 feet; and there are places in it in which Mont Blanc might be sunk without showing its. peak above water. Beyond gthe as ascent - cent ascent on the American side commences, and graduaally leads for about three hun hundred - dred hundred miles, to the Newfoundland shore, - Alimost the wiolo of the bottom of this central plain - which extends for many hundred miles in a north and south di direction - rection direction is covered by a fine mud, which when brought to the surface, dries into a grayish white friable substance. You can write with this en a blackboard, if you are so inclined ; and to the eye it is quite like very soft, grayish chalk. - Examined chiemieglly, it proved to be composed almost wholly of carbonate of lime; and if yon make a scction of it in the same way as that of a piece of chalk was made, and view it with the microscope, it presents innumerable i GUlbigerinae imbedded in the granular matrix.

There is no part of.the hog that can cannot - not cannot be ntilized. Ilis ilesh, fat, lnisilvs.i bair, hoofs and benes are turned to ac account. - count. account. His very entrails are eaten. - The divisions inte which his body are cut are as well known as the divisiens of the carth - hams, shoulders, mid'| dlings, jowls. Ilis cars and feet ave mde into seuse, and his braine ave mud 1 a choice dish for the epicure. [lis tail has for ages been claimed by successive generations of children as their peeulia: property. Tradition points cut the way of cooking it - roastinz on the coali - - aud of eating it without sait, and bheld i ahe fingers. Spare-ribs and chine ! I thore a man with a heart in his bosoun and teeth in his head who does not de light in them ¥ some call the hog stupid. Stupid. indeed T His intelligence is of a high order, and his instincts are as sharp as - well, a razor er & beiar, or a stecl trap. Ilis conragze, when e gets his bristles up, and chooses tonse l:i?')mks, make him the terror of boath wen and dogs. e knows "abiawk frima haud saw," and can tell his feeding time as 'well as if he carried a clock in his bLady. Ho is an carly riser, and the familiar te-hi-0-a-r-k, ¢-h-o-a-r-k" o! his feede just at the peep of day never fails to b "answered, He never anisses roll-call, 'though he cannot Le called wsoldicr. A #hog in armor" is said to b the mes ridiculous of all things. lissagacity in determining latitudes exceuds that o the mast scientific inen. -~ What weuld inaukind do without the heg? He supplies food, to willions - Those who are too distant from market to sell their grain and truck products feed them to the hogs, thuas killing two birds with one stone, DBread is called ¢ihe staff-of life," the hog is life itscil The beauty in her silks and satins may turn from him in disgust as le cieoges from his sty all reeking with niire, bu: she eats him, and enjoys him, toa, whes he appears on the table. As has been observed by those accustomed to cater for the public, that the favorite diet of ladies generally, however dclicate and dainty, is sloaf. - The hog is a mighty iastitution - a power in the land. In spiteof hissnont, of his bristies, of his grunt, of his foul habits and his perverse ways, the log deserves to be held in high esteem; to be treated kindly while living, and to be killed gently, and with as little pain as possible when his time coines. The tirne of many is at hand. - e e el G P I g 5 Temperance has promising chil childwan; - dwan; childwan; but among the sons of Diunken Diunkenlness - lness Diunkenlness are Debt, Dislionor, Disease, and Death. - - el 4RO B e 777 Many a man, for love of self, to stuff his coffers, starves himself; labors, accumulates, and spares, to lay up ruin for his heirs; grudges the poor their scanty dole; saves every thing - except | his soul!" AP {55 Themistocles said, "I would be bestow - stow bestow my danghter upon a man without money, rather than upon money without a man." e e el G P P l 75 A little boy running aleng stump stumped - ed stumped his toe and fell en the pavement, «Never mind, wy liitle fellow," said a bystander, "you won't feel the pain 'to-morrow." . "Then," answered the little boy, "I 'went cry to-morrow." -

T 8 SECRET OF AUGRICULTURAL SUCCHSS. [Fry'fn the Savannah Republican, _ This is what noarly everybody wants to know and bint few have found eut. - As a general thing farmers and planters of the South have beenopposed to learn learntng. - tng. learntng. They getinto the habits and old beaten vuts of their ancestors, and it is next te hupossible to get them out. - "Book-farming," as it is termed, as a general thing, is unpopular, and yet these very books so summarily discard discardedare - edare discardedare but the experience of nien whose labors have been crowned with success, and who have grown prosperous and rich by abandening the errors of the past. Look at Me. David Dickson, of Haneock county; he is a book-farmer, working a plantation which ten years agn was remarkable forits poverty more than for any other quality, and yet he makes one acre prodace, with the same amount of labor, from three to ten times as much as the lands of Georgia neigh neighbors. - bors. neighbors. Hoew is this great result accom accomplished? - plished? accomplished? That it is great, and that the same processes adopted generally by the agriculturists of the South would double onr wealth in less than five years, is beyond all question, The facts are clearly established, and a scliool boy wlho can cipher in the Rule of Thres, will be atno loss at demounstrating this conclusion. \Weo taka Mr. Dickson's caso because it is an illnetrative one. It is not a question of luck, bat one of skill um" good julgment, and any man who Aol lows his plaus is obliged to succeed. - What, theu, is the secret of this great Georgia farmer? It is simply to give ba:k more of the prodacing principle to the soil every yoar than you tnke away rrom if. o Heie is a solution of the whole mystery, aud wa may add that the more you give back the more prosperous you will becomre, .~ Mre. Dickson's plan id idvolves - volves idvolves ro particular skoll of enliivation, He ploughs deep, keeps hie crops clean and the carth well stirred during the srowing season, Most planters do this, and yet thereds one essential part of his ystem - the one that vitalizes all his la labors - bors labors and crowns them with success - - that maost other planters da not observe. Itis that which we lLave mentioned- - the liseral use of masnures, whether made on the farm or imported from abroad, though in (:\'o,"y respect experience has Jemenstrated the superiority of the lat latter. - ter. latter. They are more powerful and more portable, and¥in thglong run the cheap cheaper - er cheaper of the two.

THES HOG--HIS FAULTS, VIRTUES, AND CLAIMS. [¥From the Richmond Whig, The cold weather is about setting in, and hog killing time always comes be before - fore before Christmas. Farmers and house housekeepers - keepers housekeepers are now preparing for it. In Virginia we have not, since the war, raised as many as we were accustomed to raise before the war, bat he is a poor farmer and a bad provider who has not some to kill. In the next fort-night many thousands will be killed, scalded, scraped, cat np, salted, and hung up in the well locked smokehousesto be eured. Virginia cured bacon is famed for its incomparable excellence. Our ouly fear is that there will not be enough of itr . » May we not bg allowed, in view of the approaching season, to say scme scmething - thing scmething in favor of that much abused, but useful and valuable animal, the hog !kf The hog plays an important part commerce, agriculture and domestic economy. IHe is a sort of citizen of the world. He thrives and multipliesinevery part of the globe except the Polarregitns. The familiar burlesque of the "hog on ice," is enongh of itself to demonstrate the unsuitableness of those regions to the hog. With_this exception he can pras praspereverywhere. - pereverywhere. praspereverywhere. 110 is in his übiquity like the herring, which is found in all waters. He docs not rank high in the social scale, being considered, indecd, less of a gentleman in his habits than any of the animals. Like the clephant, the rhinoceros and the hippopotamus, he is addicted to wallowing in the mire. Naturalists tell us that he does this te destroy vermin, and to protect himself from the bites and stings of insects. - This has been his habit from the earliest times, and will remain such as long as he continues on earth. "The sow that was washed returned to her wallowing in the mire." There is no reformation for him in this particular. Another of of his peculiarities is Lis grunt. Anoth Another - er Another is that he carries straw in his mouth when it is about to rain. The Log has played an important part in religion, having been plaged uuder the ban of two great religious sects - the Jews and Moslems. Their lawgivers and priests prohibited his flesh as an article of food. These two religions had their origin in ihe hot climates of the Kast, wherc swine's flesh was found to be unwhole unwholesome, - some, unwholesome, and its prohibition was a sanitary

We read that Mr. oz was introduced from Spain into Hispariola by Colum Columbus, - bus, Columbus, in 1493 ; into Florida by De Soto, in 1533; inte Nova 'Scotia and New IFoundiand in 1553; into Canada in 1608, and into Virginia in 1606, - It is related that here they multiplied so rap rapidly - idly rapidly that the colonists.were compelled to palisade Jamestown to keep them out. Different breeds are preferred in differ differont - ont differont localities according to the fancy of the farmer, facilities for raising, or the particular object of the raiser. The fal fallowing - lowing fallowing are some of the varieiies that have by turns been in most favor: the Chinese, the Neapolitan, (the most cele celebrated - brated celebrated of the Italian breeds,) the Irish grazier, the Berkshire, the Cheshire, the Issex, the Woburn or Bedford breed, sent to Gen. Washington by the Duke Bedford, (being a cross between the Chinese boar and the large English hog,) the Middlesex, the Chester, the lamp lampshire - shire lampshire and Suffolk, which last originated from the Suffulk crossed with the Chinese and Berkshire. Without entering at length into the discussion as to the best breeds, we may say that there are hogs that scem to be capable of taking on more fat than others. After all said, written and done, the corn breed hog that is sup supplied - plied supplied from the time he can crack corn to the time he falls under the knife, with as much corn as he can consnme, is the best of all. There is a wonderful cor correlation - relation correlation between the hog and Indinn" corn. We shall not undertake to de describe - scribe describe the old fashioned, unimproved Virginia porker which, having been left to roam at large and scufile for itself, contracted a shape so strangely ludi ludicrous, - crous, ludicrous, habits so wild, queerand perverse. | as to be a notable curiosity. If we re-| member aright, this cceentric variety[ has been described at length by "Moses | Addums," in his learned lectnre on "Ha-' con and Greens." We take oceasion

9 ! TEE MARIETTA JOURNAL. ee e ' PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY MORNING BY R. M. GOODMAN, & PROPRIETORS. OFXFEFICE:: In the Brick Building near the South Corner of the Public Square B e - - - - SUBSCRIPTION & ADVERTISING RATES, _ - - o - _ - - TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. $2.00 Per Annuin in Advance. ey besunenies Rates of Advertising. For each Square ol ten lines or luss, for lhe first insertion $l, and for exch subsequent insertion 75 cents, unless as per special contract for six month or more. Special Notices, 20 cents per live first insertion and 10 cents per line for each subsequent insericn. The money for Advertising considered due after first insertion. | All commnnications or letters on business inten | ded for this Office should be addressed to "" The Ma Marietta - rietta Marietta Journal." | R. M. GOODMAN, & GO Proprietors. A - - Marietta Business Cards. e e | _ Dr. E. J. Setze, continues the Prac Practice - tice Practice of Medicne in Marietta. Office and Residence at the house formerly occupied by the Rev. John 17 Lanneau. | MARIETTA. GEO., Jan. 17 1867. | Dr. W, E. Dunwoody Homeo Homeopathist, - pathist, Homeopathist, Officeon Cherokee Sireet ncar Public Square. MARIETTA, Ga., Jan., 18th 1367. , « FUEANT E. I\l. f\IJIJEB ¥ RESIDENT DENTIST, THANKFUL TO THE CITIZENS | for a patrounge of nearly twenty years l is better prepared than ever io pre gerve the natural teeth, or to insert artificial subsii tutes at his office - north-side Puablic Square coruer opposite Wa. ROOT & SONs. Marietta. Ga., IFeb. 14, 1363, CoEEs e e x. R. GILBERT G. . BERT, Cherokee Street Fiarietia Geo. Grrocorios, ' WV ares, e, All kinds, Country Produce bought and sold. jya - -bm.

herc to say, that if in aught we have said, or further say, we should trespass upon the demesnes of that favorite au author, - thor, author, it will be aawittingly done. The fecuadity of t: = family is one of the marvels of natwie. That animal is capable procreation at the carly age of one year, an age at which the haman infant can scarcely crawl, is without teeth, and is unable to express itself, and when the calf and the colt are still sustained by the mother. Mrs. Hog produces cight te twelve, and even more at a birth, and that twice a year. Vau Vauban - ban Vauban estimates the product of a single sow, with only six young at a timey in ten generations, te be about six millions five hundred thousand, from which he deducts five hundred thonsand on ac account - count account of accidental death. The case with which the hog is raised, his onmi onmivorous - vorous onmivorous appetite and his industry and self-reliance make him the cheapest of all animals to keep. o the poor, he is, indeed, a precious boon. To "increase and multiply," seemns to be regarded by the liog as his first duty. The whole number of hogs in the United States. in 18506, was put at forty millions, about a hog and a half for every man, woman and child of the then pop population, - ulation, population, Valued at 87 per head, the ag aggregate - gregate aggregate value would be $230,600,000. What a ceuntry this for hogs and Indian corn! Withthens it will be easy to ward off starvation.

We are well aware that the idea of paying out money for manures is rapng rapngnant - nant rapngnant to many old fogies, who are contei o lng behind in the race of progress; but ail inteliigent planters are obhged to sce and coufess that practical resualts bave estabilished their nnreasonable ob obstinacy. - stinacy. obstinacy. Ifanacre of ground unaided will bring the value of $33 in cotton, and by the application af $2O in manure you cainmake it produce $lOO, there is a clear gain of $47 after payiog all ex expenses. - penses. expenses. 'V'his is a reasonable caleula caleulation - tion caleulation ; many planters who nse commer commercial - cial- commercial manures greatly exceed that amount oA gain, Then, wihy do our agricultur agriculturist - ist agriculturist hold back? Why not avail them themselves - selves themselves of this new power commerce has placed at their eommand and reap the slorious fraits, instead of toiling on year after year &ith exploded systems of eul eulture, - ture, eulture, and growing poorer and poerer as time advanges! Common scnse is a popular plirase among planters, and we carrmenid them to s teachings in this matter. It is a grave one indeed, and involves the destiny of our people for the future, ~