Cass County, Illinois - The Part of Biography in General History - Citizens of Cass County and Outlines of Personal History - Personal Sketches Arranged in Encyclopedic Order, 1915 (part 3 of 10)

Crawford became an extensive stockraiser and feeder. and a heavy livestock shipper. He converted this tract, which lay along the Illinois River, into a very valuable farm. During his residence there his parents joined him. and after they came he disposed of his farm and bought another one near Virginia. to which he continually added until he had acquired 540 acres, on which he spent the remainder of his busy and suecessful life, passing away September 14, 1903.

15, 1841. Jane Elliott was a daughter of Thomas and Frances (Chittick) Elliott, her father being a native of County Antrim, Ireland, but her grandparents, David and Mary (Robinson) Elliott, were natives of Scotland, the maternal grandmother, Nancy Burgiss, being a native of Ingland. Frances Chittick was first married in County Tyrone, Ireland, to John Lindsay, by whom she had one child, Ann. Mr.

After the death of James Crawford his widow remained on the home farm until 1910, when she purchased the residence in Virginia, II11., which she has since occupied. Mr. and Mrs. Crawford had the following children: Fannie, who lives at home, William, of New London, Jowa: James, of Virginia, Tll.; Henry C., who died in infancy; Margaret. who is engaged in educational work and lives with her mother; Thomas E.. who died in infancy. and Floy, who is also engaged in educational work, dwells under the home roof. The family is greatly respected wherever known. <All are members of the Presbyterian church.

Politically, James Crawford supported the Principles of the Democratic party, although not active in partisan campaigns. Throughout his long and useful career he was considered the very ideal of honor. and his memory is revered by all who knew him.

CRAWFORD, James. - A representative of the progressive and enterprising agricultural element of Cass County, James Crawford has met with well deserved success in his ventures, and has brought himself to a position of prominence through consecutive effort and steadfast appliention to the vocation which he has made his life work. Still in the prime of life. with his best years before him, he has achieved a success which many men would consider acceptahle after a lifetime of labor, and while his private interests have been large, he has still found the time and the inclination to contribute to the advancement of his community. Mr. Crawford was horn on a farm two miles south of Virginia, Il.. October 29. 1872. and is a son of James and Jane (Elliott) Crawford, the former a native of County Tyrone. Ireland, and the latter of Cass County, Il.

James Crawford was given good educational advantages in his youth. attending the public schools and the Virginia High school. and was reared in the atmosphere of the farm, which decided him in his choice of a career. He remained under the parental roof until his marriage. September 11. 1894. to Miss Emma Funk. of Monroe Precinct, Cass County. daughter of Conrad and Fredericka (Stoner) Funk, she heing a native of Texas. After his marriage Mr. Crawford moved to his 120-acre farm located one mile south of Virginia. and there resided until 1895. when he erected a fine residence at Grand Villa. and in addition built barns and structures for the shelter of his equipment, machinery and stock. He now has sixty acres in his home farm, thirty-five acres in an adjoining tract and 125 acres one mile west of Cass Siding, and cultivates all of this land, raising corn. wheat and oats, and being a large breeder of cattle and blooded horses. His ventures have proved very successful, and he is justly accounted one of the substantial men of his community. A Democrat in politics, he has served capably as road commissioner for three years, and' has at all times endeavored to advance the best interests of his place of residence. Mrs. Crawford is a member of the Presbyterian church.

CRUM, David Marion. - Among the prominent residents of township 17, range 10, in Cass County, Ill.. no one is more deserving of creditable mention than the well known farmer whose name constitutes the caption of the following biographical narrative. He and his estimable family have been long known among the people of this vicinity, and its head is looked upon as one of the prime movers in all that pertains to the welfare of the community. The title to the land which he cultivates has been for more than two generations in the Crum name and the present owner has worthily upheld the traditions of an honorable ancestry.

David Marion Crum was born in Arenzville Precinct. December 25. 1853. and is a son of Christian and Mary (Robinson) Crum, natives of the state of Indiana. The grandfather on the paternal side. also of Indiana, was Mathias Crum. Christian Crum and his wife located, when young. in Cass County, where their marriage took place, after which they settled in entered from the government. and he also had considerable Jand in Virginia Precinct. and raised and fed stock on a large scale. Christian Crum died in 1880, his widow passing away in March, 1881. The children of Christian and Mary Crum were as follows: John W.. who died in 1SSC: James Robert. of Bedford, Iowa: William W.. who died December 22, 1912: Mary len (Mrs. Samuel W. Dunwiddie). of Literberry, Morgan County, Jl, Martha Ann, (Mrs. Stephen I). Epler), of Pleasant Plains, Sangamone County. DIL seCyris Ne. Ofaat. Louisy Mo:: Tbavid M.. of Cass County: and George A., of Ckiahoma.

Travid M. Crum lived with his parents until bis marriage. on November 24, 1S75, to Henrietta B. Payne. who was born in Harrisonville, Mo., a daughter of William B. and Elizabeth (Alendar) Payne. who were natives of Lexington, Kentucky. After he was married. David Crum moved to townshin 17, range 10. Cass County, where he owns a farm of 140 acres, which was then but partly improved. He now has a fine farm. All the present buildings on this farm were erected by him, including a frame house of eight rooms, a barn, and four other buildings used for tools and grain. He has carried on general farming and stockraising since putting the place in first class order.

The primary education of Mr. Crum was obtained in the public schools, and later he attended the State Normal School at Normal, Ill., and Wesleyan University, Bloomington, Il. Mr. and Mrs. Crum bave had the following children namely: Bessey Lee (Mrs. D. A. Piatt), of Birmingham, Ala.; Vida V., at home; Mabel B. (Mrs. John Boden), of St. Paul, Minn.; and David Christian, who died in infancy.

Politically Mr. Crum is a Democrat and served from 1894 to 1898 as deputy assessor, and since 1906 has served continuously in the same office. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Fraternally he is affiliated with Lodge No. 544, A. F. and A. M., of Virginia, I11.

CRUM, Eben R. - In the promoting of the agricultural prosperity of Cass County, Ill., and especially of that portion of the county in which the town of Virginia is located, various members of the well known Crum family are entitled to a good share of the credit. Some of them were early settlers in this section of the state, and are noted as having used their agricultural opportunities to the best advantage and of bringing about the most satisfactory results in farming enterprises that intelligence, energy and thrift are capable of producing. Their names are identified with extensive operations in land cultivation and stockraising and are held in honored remembrance as among those public benefactors who have given the county its present enviable status.

Of the younger generation of this family Eben Ross Crum, who has always lived on the farm which was his birthplace, is not the least worthy of creditable mention. This farm lies in township 17, range 10 W., Cass County, II1., where his life began October 9, 1879. He is a son of Thomas J. and Sarah A. (Henderson) Crum, natives of Morgan County, IIl., the mother being born in the vicinity of Arcadia. The paternal grandparents were James and Christina (Ream) Crum, and the maternal, who were natives of Ohio, were William and Lucinda (Turner) Henderson, all of whom were early settlers of western Illinois. Thomas J. Crum was thé owner of a farm of 520 acres in Cass County, which was his home until 1908S. In that year. he moved to Virginia, Ill.. where he passed away June 80, 1911. His widow is still living in Virginia. The living children are named: Charles E., of McKenzie, N. Dak.; Theresa (Mrs. Edward Summers), of Colorado Springs, Colo.; Oscar, of Virginia, I1].; William, of Ohio; Ollie (Mrs. Frank Strong). of Spokane, Wash.; Mary (Mrs. William DeLapp), of Pasadena, Cal.; Obed, of Britton, Okla.: Eben Ross, of Cass County, and Thomas, of Cedaredge, Colo.

of his neighborhood in his youth and was afterwards a pupil in the Jacksonville High school. On reaching maturity he applied himself to the cultivation of 15S acres of the homestead, which he had bought and on this has continued to carry on general farming successfully. In addition to this he is engaged in raising cattle, horses and hogs.

On July 29, 1908, Mr. Crum was united in marriage with Arizona Downs, who was born in Schuyler County, Ill., April 12, 1881, and is a daughter of John and Elvira (Lawler) Downs, natives of Illinois, who are now living with Mr. and Mrs. Crum. Mr. and Mrs. Crum have the following children, viz.: Marguerite Esther, Eben Jefferson, and Susan Abigail. In politics he acts with the Democratic party, and has rendered efticient public service as a _ school director. He is looked upon as one of the best farmers and one of the most substantial and reliable members of the community.

CRUM, Marquis L., president of the Petefish- Skiles Bank, of Virginia, and formerly one of the heaviest landowners of Cass County, is one of the substantial men of his community. He was born in the south central part of Cass County, Ill.. January 16, 1851, a son of James and Christina (Ream) Crum, the former of whom came to Cass County in the spring of 1880, from Clark County, Ind. Here he took up acres of government land and made it his home until his death in 1899, when aged ninety-three years. His wife died in 1878S, aged sixty-four years, and both are interred in the of whom are deceased; Sarah M., who is Mrs. J. F. Wilson of Tallula, Ill.; Mary E., who is deceased, married W. Howard Thompson; John M., who lives at Newton, Kans.; William M., who is deceased: Amanda C., whoa is of Oklahoma. married W. Henry Thomson; George W., who lives in Cass County; Marquis L.; Charles P., who was killed in a railroad accident; and Oscar M., who is deceased. The father of these children was a member of the Methodist church. His homestead of 160 acres is now owned by his grandson, Arthur E., son of Marquis L. Crum.

Marquis L. Crum was educated in the schools of Cass County; and at the Wesleyan University. Brought up on the farm, he learned farming, and for many years followed an agricultural life. At one time he owned 1,600 acres of land, and still has farming interests, although he has divided much of his property among his children. On September 25, 1913, he was elected president of the Petefish-Skiles Bank, of Virginia, and still holds that office, his name giving the institution added stability.

On March 380, 1875, Mr. Crum married Frances Stubblefield, who was born September 17, 1858, a daughter of John and Ellisannah (Houser) Stubblefield, and four children were lorn to them, as follows: Edith, who married

Lee Skiles, and they have two children, Helen and Marquis O.; Arthur E., who married Nina G. Swope, and they have two children, Mary F. and Josephine; Oral, who was accidentally killed by a fall at San Francisco, Cal., on June 23, 1912, when thirty years old; and Rena, who married Harry W. Sinclair, and they have one son, Marquis C. While he takes a public-spirited interest in local affairs, Mr. Crum has hever entered the political arena.

CRUM, Reuel G. - When William Marcellus and Mary E. (Graff) Crum, the parents of Reuel G. Crum, settled soon after their marriage, on the place where the latter now lives, the land was almost a wilderness. Of the S00 acres which was theirs, between 200 and.300 were covered with timber. All the buildings were put up by the father and all the other improvements were made by him, and he cleared all the timber land except fifty acres. He was one of the largest raisers of cattle, horses and hogs in Cass County. and also owned and operated 300 acres of land in Morgan County. He was a native of Cass County and his wife of Morgan County. William Marcellus Crum died April 1, 1905. The paternal grandparents were James and Christina (Ream) Crum, the former a native of Indiana, and the latter reared in Cass County, on this farm. David Ream was the maternal grandfather. After the death of William M. Crum, his widow lived on the home farm until February, 1910, when she married again.

Reuel G. Crum was born on section 17, range 10, w., Cass County, Ill, September 30, 1878, and in early youth received his educational training in the neighborhood schools, afterwards attending Jacksonville Academy and Illinois College. After his father's death, he . conducted half of the home farm for two years, or until the estate was divided. when he was awarded 250 acres, although he continued to operate his mother's land. The following were the other children: Alma C. (Mrs. Dr. C. M. Hubbard), deceased; Jessie F. (Mrs. George Phillips), of Spokane, Wash.; Amanda, deceased; Elton M., of Virginia. Ill.; Luke, who married Anna Freitag: and Mary M. (Mrs. Howard Stribling), of Spokane, Wash. MReuel Crum is engaged in raising registered Percheron horses, mules, and also black Angus cattle. He feeds cattle extensively and breeds Poland-China hogs. He owns 350 acres of land at Little Indian, in the same township. and conducts operations altogether on 1150 acres. In Morgan County he also rents and operates 320 acres.

On February 1, 1911, Reuel G. Crum was married to Lulu Woods, born June 11, 1885, in Fancy Creek Township, Sangamon County, Ill, a daughter of. Charles M. and Martha J. (Carpenter) *' Woods, the mother born in Sangamon County, and the father in Albemarle County, Va. The grandparents of Mrs. Crum are Sampson Lockhart and M. H. Durrette Woods, natives of Virginia; and Samuel and Martha Jane (Short) Carpenter, born in Cass County, Ill. Mrs. Crum attended the high school in Springfield, Ill., and the Betty Stuart Institute. Mr. Crum is a member of the Christian church while his wife is a Methodist. He has served as school director and is interested in general education. Fraternally he is affiliated with the A. F. and A. M., of Virginia, Ill., and the B. P. O. EB. No. 682 of Jacksonville.

Reuel G. Crum is one of the most extensive and prosperous farmers in western Illinois, and one of the most intelligent and honorable members of the community in which he lives.

CRUM, Thomas Jefferson (deceased). - The late Thomas Jefferson Crum, who, for many years was engaged in farming and stockraising in Cass County, was a man who exemplified in every step of his career the fact that honest effort, sturdy industry and well-directed management conduce to ultimate success. He worked long and faithfully, but his rewards were commensurate with his labors, and he was successful not only in a material way, but in winning the respect and esteem of those among whom he lived so long. A native of Cass County, Mr. Crum was born July 9, 1835, and was a son of James and Christina (Ream) Crum. His father was born September 22, 1806, in Clark County, Ind., a son of Matthias and Margaret (Spangler) Crum, natives of Montgomery County, Va. James Crum came to Cass County in 1830 and settled near Arenzville, being followed by his parents during the next year, and there they died. James Crum was married January 31, 1833, to Christina Ream, who died May 1, 1878. His second marriage was. to Mrs. Eliza Beam, whose husband had met a soldier's death during the Civil war.

Thomas Jefferson Crum was reared on the home farm, and during the short winter terms secured some educational training in subscription schools. He was married March 11, 1857, to Sarah A. Henderson, who was born in Morgan County, Tll., May 7, 1840, daughter of William and Lucinda (Turner) Henderson, natives of Ohio. They were early settlers of Morgan County, Ill., where they were married, and where Mrs. Henderson died. Mr. Henderson subsequently married Mrs. Elizabeth Morris, and moved to Henry County, Ill., and there passed away in 1874.

After his marriage Mr. Crum moved to a farm near his old homestead, and there continued to reside for many years, constantly adding to his holdings, until he had accumulated 550 acres of land, a large part of which was in timber. He carried on general farming, in which he was very successful, and was also known as one of the leading raisers of cattle, hogs. horses and sheep in this part of the county. Mr. Crum retired from the activities ot life in November, 1910, at which time he moved to Virginia, and there resided with his wife and son Osear, until his death, June 30, 1911. His life record is one that is worthy of a place among the representative men of this part of the state, and he is still remembered as one of the helpful, useful and honorable men of Cass County. He held large interests in the Centennial Bank, of Virginia, of which he served as vice president, and had other extensive holdings. His-religious faith was that of the Protestant Methodist chureh, and his political belief that of the Democratic party. Mr. Crum for a number of years was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and was valued Ly his fellow members.

Eleven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Crum, namely: Charles E., a resident of North Dakota; Theresa M., who married IE. D. Summers, of Colorado Springs, Colo.; Oscar M., who resides with his mother at Virginia; William M., of Hilton, Ohio; Ollie E., who married Frank Strong, of Spokane, Wash.; Mary L., who married William Delapp, of Pasadena, Cal.; Henry O., of Britton, Okla.; Eben R., residing on the home farm; Cecil and Cecelia, twins, who died on the day of their birth; and Thomas Austin, a resident of Cedaredge, Colo.

CRUM, William W. (deceased), for many years was a highly respected man and successful agriculturist of Cass County. He was born in this county. January 1, 1839, a son of Christian and Mary (Robertson) Crum, and died on his farm in township 17, range 9, on December: 23, 1912, and was buried in Yatesville cemetery in Morgan County. Christian Crum was born in Kentucky and left there on account of the outrages of the Indians, and went to Indiana, but in 1851 came to Morgan County. Ill. He was there married to Mary Robertson, who was a native of Indiana. After marriage they settled a few niles distant from Virginia, Ill., it being Mr. Crum's intention to engage in chopping wood in the timber. during the winter, but his plans were frustrated as that was the winter made notable by the "big snow." so much snow falling that the people could do little but remain at home. On the original homestead Christian Crum and his wife passed the rest of their lives and reared a family of eight children.

William W. Crum was the third born in his parents' family and lived at home until his marriage, in the meanwhile, during the winter months, attending the Union district school. Following marriage he settled on a farm in township 17, range 9, having 314 acres in Cass County, and 10S acres in Morgan County, the farm buildings standing on the latter tract, which, when he located there, was covered with timber. At present it is all cleared and under cultivation, except fifteen acres. NY Cru made improvements and thereby increased the value of his land many fold. He devoted himself to general farming and stock raising, each year turning out many horses, cattle and hogs. He conducted his affairs along practical. common sense lines and was successful.

On February 5, 1862, Mr. Crum was married by Rev. John Dale of Virginia, to Miss Anna Mary Clark. who was born in Cass County. Ill. April 4, 1848, and is a daughter of John and Martha (Bane) Clark, and a granddaughter of

Lawrence Clark. The grandfather came to Cass County about 1834 and was one of the early surveyors. His brother-in-law, William Clark, settled in Cass County early in 1820. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Crum: Laura and Frank,: both of whom are deceased; Lillian. now Mrs. William Cleary, of Morgan County. has three, children, Anna, Crum and Lillian; Edward and Mary. both of whom are deceased; Martha, now Mrs. George E. Coudy, of Granite City, Ill., has had three childven, Martha Aun. living, Elizabeth, deceased, and George W.: Bertha. who resides at home; Edwin and Edgar, twins, both of whom are deceased; Edna, now Mrs. George Wittlinger. of Menard County, IJl., had one son, Michael C.. deceased; Edith and Alma, both of whom reside at home; and John, who is deceased. Mr. Crum was a Democrat in politics. Since his death Mrs. Crum has managed the farm industries and has proved to be a capable business woman. She is a member of the Methodist Episcoy:al church.

CUNNINGHAM, Archibald. - Among the intelligent and industrious farmers and stockraisers who have made Cass County favorably and widely known for the enterprise and good judgment manifested in the conduct of its agricultural operations. is Archibald Cunningham. whose parents were among the early settlers of this part of the country. They also were farming people. having come from Edinburgh, Scotland. when very young. and started out to improve their fortunes in western Illinois. They were Thomas and Euphemia (Wilkie) Cunningham, who, emigrating with their respective families as children, located in Cass County. grew up to mature age. were married, and settled down to farm life along the edge of a timber tract. at the northwest corner of township 17, range 9. This they subsequently sold. and moying to township 18, range 9, bought an eighty-acre farm, where the father died December 1. 1900. and the mother passed away in the city of Virginia. where she had made her home, January 20.1914. The children of Thomas and Euphemia Cunningham were as follows: Ellen (Mrs. Alexander Newman). of Cass County: Jennie (Mrs. Link Mathew), also of Cass County: Effie (Mrs.

horn in township 17, range 9, Cass County, Tl. August 9, INSTR. He received his early mental training in the Mt. Pleasant district school. and made his home with his parents until his marvinge. On June 5. 1895. he was wedded to Myrtle A. Robinson, born in Cass County. a daughter of Aaron C. and Sarah Ellen (Davis) Rohinson, the father a native of Ohio. and the mother, of Cass County. Mrs. Cunningham's crandparents were James Allen and Martha Ann Davis.

and on which he has erected all necessary buildings. Mr. Cunningham resided on this place until 1900, and then rented eighty acres from his father-in-law, adjoining his own property. He is engaged in general farming, besides raising cattle, horses and hogs, operating both places. Mr. and Mrs. Cunningham have three children: Earl Thomas, born March 21, 1896; Oliver C., born October 20, 1898; and Viola Lee, born August 18, 1900. In politics Mr. Cunningham is a Republican, and has served as road commissioner. He is affiliated with the Court of Honor, at Virginia; and carries insurance in the Bankers' Life. of Des Moines, Iowa, and the John Hancock Company.

CUNNINGHAM, George W. - \Vhen George W. Cunningham took up his residence as a retired citizen of Virginia, Il, that flourishing village secured the services of a man who had _ succeeded in the affairs of life and was ready and willing to bend his best energies to the development of its progress along the lines of education, morality and good citizenship. His substantial reputation, gained through a life of clean living and honest dealing with his fellowmen, has since been strengthened, and his name is worthy of a place high on the roll of Cass County's representative citizens. Mr. Cunningham was born in Cass County, January 5, 1843, his parents being George and Maria (Lindsay) Cunningham.

The Cunningham family, as the name would indicate. originated in Scotland. where George Cunningham was born January 17. 1808. He emigrated to America in 1835, coming first to Canada and later making his way to Cass County, Ill. by way of the great lakes, and purchased eighty acres of partly improved land, in addition to which he entered 160 acres of government land. He was here married, May 23, 1838, to Maria Lindsay. who was born in Kentucky. January 31. 1816, and who had come to this county with her father, Allen Q. Lindsay, who entered land on the Cass and Morgan county line as early as 1819. Mr. Cunningham died in 1869, his widow surviving until 1891. They were the parents of the following children : Mary and Allen. who are deceased: George W.; Nancy J.. deceased: Charles and Ellen, twins, the former deceased. and the latter the widow of Richard Iirreen. of Jacksonville, Ill.; Leftridge, a resident of Phelps County, Mo.; Kennethina and Elizaheth. who are deceased ; and Enna. the widow of Fred Neolch, residing on the parents' old homestead place.

The educational training of George W. Cunningham was secured in what was known as the Mt. Pleasant school. in bis native locality, and as a youth he applied himself to the routine work of the home farm. Like other patriotic youths of his township, he was eager to serve his country during the Civil war, and August 15. 1862. enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Fourteenth Tllinois Volunteer Infantry, with which organization he served in campaigns in Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, at the siege of Vicksburg, the battles of Jackson, Miss., and Nashville, Tenn., and numerous skirmishes. After a brave and faithful seryice, he received his honorable discharge, August 3, 1865, at Vicksburg, and returned to his home, being engaged in farming with his father until the time of his marriage, which took place October 21, 1868, to Miss Ellen M. McKinzie, who was born in Virginia, October 21, 1843, daughter of James and Ann (Flemming) McKinzie, natives of Scotland, who had emigrated to America and subsequently came to Cass County, IIL, from the Old Dominion state. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cunningham: Annie, born July 16, 1869, and now the wife of B. K. Summons, a blacksmith of Virginia; and Mary, born December 17, 1880, who died December

Following his marriage, Mr. Cunningham purchased a tract of 120 acres of land adjoining the homestead of his parents, and fifteen years later bought forty acres of the old home place. but eventually disposed of his holdings and removed to Virginia, Ill. There he was engaged in a successful teaming business for some years, but in 1906 retired from active pursuits, and since that time has been living in his attractive home at Virginia. Mr. Cunningham has contributed to the upbuilding of his adopted city by the erection of two fine residences in the heart of the town. He is known as a good and public-spirited citizen, and those who hare had dealings with hin have had every reason to place the utmost confidence in him. Mrs. Cunningham is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Cunningham is a Republican in his political views, and is popular with his comrades in Post No. 321, Grand Army of the tepublic. He is an active Mason, and is proiminent in the Odd Fellow fraternity, in which he has passed through the chairs and was the first instructor in Cass County, aud bas been treasurer since 1898.

CUNNINGHAM, Henry, owner of as valuable and finely developed a farm as can be found in the state, is one of the representative agriculturalists of Cass County. He was born in this county, July 24, 1857,a son of James and Sarah Vlizabeth (Hopkins) Cunningham, natives of Leith, Ncotland, and of Indiana. In 1836 the father landed at New York City, to which he had heen brought by his father, John Cunningham. The latter came to Cass County, Ill, but died soon afterwards, and James Cunningham was bound out to S. A. Lee. He remained with this man until of age, and then was married, October 1, 1856. In 1S8GO he went into a saw and grist mill business, carrying it on until 1866, when he bought 100 acres of partly broken prairie land, in township 17. range 9. He kept on adding to his holdings until he had 280 acres, which he conducted until his death, which occurred February 7. 1906, when he was aged eighty years. The children of James Cunningham and wife were two in number: Henry and Dollie E., the latter of whom is Mrs. F. C. Fox

Henry Cunningham attended school in the Sugar Grove district, and the public schools of Virginia for two years. He has always lived with his mother and has never married. Since his father's death, he has owned the entire farm, buying his sister's share, and has added 160 acres to the original acreage. On this property he does grain farming, and has brought his land up to a very high standard in every respect. In politics he is a Republican.

DAVIS, Francis Marion. - The most successful Cass County agriculturalists recognize the fact that in order to get the best results from their farms, they must expend time and money on them, and here may be found properties as fine as in any part of the state. One of the men who has deyeloped his farm until it is credited with being a model one, is Francis Marion Davis, of Hickory Precinct. He was born near Shiloh Church, Cass County, Ill., June 15, 1860, a son of Elijah and Elizabeth (Shoopman) Davis, natives of Kentucky and Tennessee. The maternal grandfather, William Shoopman, came to Cass County at an early date. After their marriage, Elijah and Elizabeth Davis settled on a Cass County farm where their eleven children were born, Francis Marion being the eighth in order of birth.

Until he was eleren years old, Francis Marion Davis lived at home working for his father, then went to Morgan County, where he worked for others and attended the district schools as opportunity offered. For four years after his marriage, Mr. Davis rented land in Missouri, and then returning to Cass County, I1]., he rented the Henry Campbell farm, where he lived for eighteen years, conducting that and his own ten acres adjoining. In the spring of 1910, he bought 120 acres on sections 19 and 380, Hickory Precinct, where he has developed one of the finest farms in the county. While it was partly improved when he hought it, he has added many things. has built corn cribs, put in fences, and bought excellent machinery. This land is devoted to grain farming, and his success proves that it pays to pursue the methods he had adopted.

On August 22, 1881, Mr. Davis was married to Jane Davis, born in Cass County, a daughter of Richard and Elizabeth (Buck) Davis, natives of Kentucky and Tennessee, who became Cass County farmers. Mr. and Mrs. Davis became the parents of the following children: Walter L. and Willis F., both of whom are of Cass County; Estella Pearl, who is Mrs. Jacob Kruse, of Cass County; and Ethel E. and Richard E., who are at home. In politics Mr. Davis is a Democrat. He belongs to the Illinois Bankers Association, and to the Des Moines Bankers Association. A man of progressive ideas he has always kept abreast of the times, and his influence is widespread.

DAY, Harry Levi, M. D - Numbered among the experienced physicians and surgeons of Cass County is Dr. Harry Levi Day, of Virginia, who, although comparatively a newcomer to this city, having located here July 21, 1918, has already won recognition, built up an excellent practice, and has been shown especial honor and confidence by his professional brethren. He was born at Manchester, Delaware County, Iowa, December 7, 1872, a son of George Alve and Eliza C. (Hills) Day, the former of whom died in 1898, but the latter, now aged eighty-three years, still survives.

Harry Levi Day attended the public schools and took a Chautauqua course, before entering the University of Iowa, at Iowa City. Later, in 1899, he was graduated from the Chicago Homeopathic Medical College, and then located at Lerna, Il., where he began the practice of his profession, entering into a partnership with Dr. R. N. Leitch. This association was dissolved after six years on account of the increasing delicacy of his wife, with whom he then went to Arkansas and to other places in the hope of finding climate and conditions that would restore her to health.

Dr. Day was married to Etta A., a daughter of Dr. R. N. and Elizabeth (Hughes) Leitch, and they had three children, namely: Marian, Robert and Charles. Mrs. Day died March 31, 1913, having been born December 14, 1882, and is buried at Union, Mo. The mother of Dr. Day resides with him and the children receive her loving care.

Like all of the progressive men of his profession. Dr. Day is a member of the Cass County Medical Society, having recently been elected president of that organization; the Illinois State Medical Society, and the Central Illinois State Homeopathic Association. Fraternally he belongs to the Modern Woodmen of America, and the Odd Fellows, and is medical examiner of the former.

DEFRATIES, Charles Edward (deceased). - Al] those whom death has claimed in Cass County have not been numbered among the old, for those still in the prime of life have been stricken, and their places left vacant. The late Charles Edward Defraties belonged to this class. for he was born February 28, 1876, and was just in the prime of life when called away. His father was Gregory Defraties. -His own mother died in 1879, and his father married again and he lived at home until he was fifteen years old. At that time he began working for neighboring farmers and so continued until he was able to rent land, and cultivated it at various places, until in 1906 when he bought 200 acres, from John R. Robinson, two and one-half miles south of Virginia. While this place had some improvements on it, he built new buildings and put in many conveniences. Always a farmer, he understood his work thoroughly, and was considered an excellent farmer and_ stockraiser. His death was accidental. While cutting down a tree, he had the misfortune to get caught

Mr. Defraties was twice married, first in 1909 to Anna Dirks, born at Newmanville, Ill., and they had two children: Uel and Eunice, both of whom are living with their stepmother. After the death of his first wife, Mr. Defraties married Anna Loeffler, born at Virginia, Ill., November 28, 1888, a daughter of Henry and Ida (Hardin) Loeffler, natives of Germany and of Cass County, respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Defraties had two children: Leetta, who was born September 20, 1911; and Jessie, who was born Mareh 18, 19138. Mr. Defraties belonged to the Cumberland Presbyterian church, but Mrs. Defraties is a Methodist. He was a Republican in politics and served as a school director. A man of industry, he had worked very hard all his life, and his death was deplored, coming as it did when he had just begun to enjoy the fruits of his labors.

DEGROQOT, Jerry, a prosperous farmer and stock raiser, stands very well among the Cass County agriculturalists for he is a man of ability, experience and pleasant social qualities. He owns eighty acres of valuable land on section 29, township 1S, range 8, which he has improved to a considerable extent. He was born in Menard County. DL, January 31, 1868, a son of Joachim and Anna (Aden) DeGroot, natives of Germany. The father was a farmer and he and the mother came from Germany at an early day, locating first in Menard County, Ill., but later moving to Cass County, Ill., where both' died.

Jerry DeGroot was educated in the country schools and brought up on his father's farm. Having devoted his life of hard work to agricultural pursuits, he understands this line of endeavor thoroughly, and naturally is an expert in it. On March 10, 1897, Mr. DeGroot was married in Cass County to Nellie Masten, born November 16. 1878S, who died August 16, 1914. She was a daughter of James and Nancy S. (Combs) Masten. The Masten family history is given elsewhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. DeGroot have had the following children: James. Anna. Joachim, Silas and Nancy Pauline, all of whom were born in Cass County. In politics Mr. DeGroot is a Republican, but has held no offices. He is not connected with any religious denomination.

DEICHMANN, George. - This well known farmer and old time resident of Cass County. IIL, is of German nativity. his birth having taken place in Hesse. Prussia, Germany, in Noyember. 1549. His parents were Conrad and Mena (Miller ) Deichmann, both of whom passed away in the Fatherland. In 1867 George Deichmann eml}- grated from the old country to America, and arriving at Beardstown, IIl.. started to work on different farms hy the month. In this occupation he has ever since continued, through industry. energy and economy building up for himself a competency on which to depend in advancing years, and a reputation for honesty, sobriety and upright dealing that have made him generally respected as a useful and valuable member of the community.

: On May 8, 1872, Mr. Deichmann was united in marriage With Catherine Ulrich, who was born in Cass County, I1., and after his marriage he acquired a farm of sixty acres of land lying northwest of Beardstown. Here he carried on general farming for sixteen years, at the end of which period he disposed of the property and rented land at Beardstown. Subsequently he moved and rented another piece of land which he farmed six years. On leaving this locality Mr Deichmann purchased 160 acres in township 18, range 11, which he used mainly for stockraising. Fourteen years later he disposed of this and bought eighty acres in township 1S, range 10. On the last tract he has cultivated fine crops of grain, having also built a new dwelling and all other buildings necessary to a well equipped farm. Besides general farming he is successfully engaged in raising cattle and see but a large part of the land is rented out.

Mr. and Mrs. Deichmann have three children, namely: Elizabeth (Mrs. Louis Daur), of township 18, range 10, Cass County; Minnie (Mrs. Charles Schall), of the same township; and Louis. who is located in Virginia. The religious connection of Mr. Deichmann is with the Lutheran church. In politics he is an Independent Deiocrat.

DEVLIN, Frank C., who has proven during his operations as an agriculturalist that he understands his business and is worthy of consideration in many ways, was born at Philadelphia, Ill., July 9, 1884, a son of John and Mary Ann (Drain) Devlin, natives of County Antrim, Ireland. They came to the United States in 1849, settling at Virginia, Cass County, Ill, where John Devlin worked at farming for others until 1885, when he began renting land, and in 1904 he bought 160 acres of valuable land in township 17, range 9. He and his wife had the following family: Arthur, who is deceased ; Margaret, who is Mrs. Mart Mahoney, of Cass County; John, who is of Cass County, married Mary Finn and they had two children, Alvenia and Margaret F., the latter of whom died in infaney; Frank C.; and Harry, Lee and William, who are with their parents.

Frank C. Devlin and his brother John hare always worked together. and the latter was married November 25, 1908. Since that event the brothers have been conducting various farms in Cass County and at present they are operating 278 acres belonging to L. H. Skiles, of Virginia. On it they are raising Shorthorn cattle and Duroc-Jersey hogs, as well as grain.

Mr. Devlin obtained a fair common school education. He belongs to St. Augustine Catholic Church. At present he is assessor of township 17, range 9. John Devlin is a member of the

DICK, Edward. Among the intelligent and enterprising body of men who constitute the farming element of the population of Illinois, Cass County has its full share who deserve prominent mention, and not the least worthy of these is the subject of this sketch, who is a resident of Chandlerville. Edward Dick was born in Cass County, Ill, March §, 1873, and is a son of John P. Dick, also a farmer by occupation. The maiden name of his mother, whose birthplace was in Menard County, I, was Elizabeth Peak. On the home farm John P. Dick had once a herd of elk, on one of which he was accustomed to ride about the land. One day he became angry at this animal, and in a burst of passion, killed it. Its horns he hung on the barn, and this incident gave to the entire place the name of "Elkhorn." by which it was afterwards known. In early youth Edward Dick attended the public school of his district, where he received a fair education. and then applied himself to the work of the farm. This consists of 1.905 acres of desirable land, and is located in section 34. township 19, range 9. in Cass County, where he carries on general farming and also devotes himself to the raising of stock. In addition to his acreage in Cass County, Mr. Dick has another farm of 200 acres in Illinois, situated in Adams County.

In 1895, in Cass County, Edward Dick was united in marriage with Mamie L. Elliott, a daughter of Hugh T. and Sarah Jane (Pullam) Elliott. They have had the following children: Virgil Edward, Dewey Gilbert, Fred Oswell, Carl Elliott. Harold T., Helen Inez. and Dorothy Lee, and one son died in infancy. All the children are still at home. This family is very fond of music. The father and mother are fine musicians and the elder children share in the talent of their parents, and furnish delightful musical entertainment for their neighbors and friends. Their home is made especially pleasant by a family orchestra, which is highly appreciated in their immediate neighborhood and elsewhere in the county.

In politics Mr. Dick is connected with the Democratic party, and for twelve years he has served in the capacity of school director of his district, giving general satisfaction. He is afliljated with the Modern Woodmen of America, in which he is a member of Pecon Camp, No. 553. He is well known and much respected throughout Cass and Adams counties. He is a man of amiable disposition, good natured and affable in daily intercourse. and has many friends wherever his acquaintance extends.

DICK, William Franklin, one of the extensive farmers of Cass County. is conveniently located in township 18, range 11, on a farm that belonged to his father and on which he was born January 17. 1865. he being a son of James <A. and Mary (Bowen) Dick. The father was born in Kentucky, and the mother in Ohio. They were married in Cass County, Ill., and lived for a few years in the eastern part of the county, but about 1844 sold their property and bought the present homestead of 386U acres, all in the Sangamon River bottoms, except 160 acres on the bluff. The mother died in 1896. aged seventy-six years, but the father lived until Their children were: Ellen, born in 1847, who is Mrs. James Main, of Oskaloosa, Wans.;: James Martine born im tsa. whow is) oh MTelxin,

IXans.: Mary Adeline. born in 1860. who is of Beardstown; William Franklin, and five who died when young. The father was a man of prominence in Cass County and he served as sheriff for two terms, one term prior to the birth of his youngest child, and one after. During his period of service the Armstrong trial took place, and the criminal was kept a prisoner in

William F. Diek attended the public schools of Cass County. and took a business course at Jacksonville, Jl. After his marriage in 1Sss, he leased the homestead for a year, and then built a house on the farm in which he lived until the death of his mother. when he and his wife moved into the old home. When his father died. in Beardstown, Mr. Dick bought out the other heirs, and is now the owner of the property he is conducting. He is a large feeder of cattle, and carries on general farming.

On September 5, 188s. Mr. Dick married Lena Smith. born in Schuyler County. Ill., October 26, 189, a daughter of A. N. and Jeanette (Rice) Smith. natives of Schuyler County. Ill. Their children are: Lula Jeanette. who is Mrs. N. 1. McLane. of Colorado Springs, Colo.: Leah i... who is Mrs. Edwin Smith of Beardstown, Ill. and has one daughter. Frances E.. born January 27, 19138: Roy Alfred, who is at home; and one who died in infancy. Myr. Dick is a Democrat. He belongs to Beardstown Lodge No. 1007, B. P. O. E.. and Bluff Springs Lodge M. W. A. No. 1492, and is popular in both organizations, as he is highly respected in his connnunity.

DIETERICH, Hon. William H., one of the distinguished jurists and representative men of Cass County, has Jong been recognized as a leading factor in current events in this part of

(Berg) Dieterich, both natives of Hesse-Darmstadt. Germany. His parents came to the United States in 1857, locating on a farm in Cass County. With the outbreak of the Civil war, the father enlisted for service in the Union army and spent three years as a soldier. receiying a gunshot wound in the left shoulder at the battle of Vicksburg. With the close of the war the parents removed to Brown County. settling on a farm near Cooperstown, where William H. Dieterich was born, remaining there until 1896 when he retired to Rushville, Ill. The father died August 2. 1905, the mother surviving until July 19, 1914, when she was called to rest. William H. is the youngest of a family of six children. He has one sister, Mrs. Elizabeth Wagner, who resides in Cass County, and four brothers. namely: Charles H. of Rushville, TI, Frederick S.. John, and George <A., who reside in Brown County, Ill.

William H. Dieterich received his preliminary education in the district schools of Brown County. and then entered the Normal school at Rushville. Following this he took a business course and then taught school in his native county and afterward had charge of the Normal department of the Rushville Normal and Business College, for one year. In the winter of 1890S he hegan the study of law with the law firm of Glass & Bottenburg. of Rushville, completing his course at the Northern Indiana Law School at Valparaiso. In 1901 he was admitted to the bar. and at once began practicing at Rushville. His ability as a trial lawyer was recognized and he had a place at the trial table of every important case tried in the local courts, and has participated in the trial of cases in almost every county in the military tract.

Judge Dieterich is affiliated with the Democratic party and has always taken an active interest in local and state politics, having acted as chairman of the county. central and senatorial committees. and: has been honored with the positions of alderman of his resident ward in Rushville. city attorney of that city for two terms, treasurer of the Rushville Union schools for three terms. master-in-chancery for two terms and county judge one term. At present he is special inheritance tax attorney under the attorney general. During 1909-10, while he was county judge. he held court in the civil branch of the Municipal court of Chicago. After he left the bench he went to Chicago and practiced law. having charge of the trial work of the law firm of Eddy. Haley and Wetten. After a year, however. he moved to Beardstown, where he has located permanently for the practice of his profession and has built up a splendid practice.

In May. 1900; at Rushville. Ill... Judge Dieterich was united in marriage with Nora S8. Runkle, a native of Schuyler County. being a daughter of Joseph and Carrie (Snyder) Runkle. Judge and Mrs. Dieterich have one daughter living. Ruth M.. at present a member of the Junior class of the Beardstown High school, another daughter. Helen Louise. having died at the age of five years.

Judge Dieterich's rise has been steady and brilliant. From one office to another. he has speedily advanced and during all of his public service he has always kept the needs and rights of the people before him. Such a man as he is needed in the councils of the great. and further honors no douht await him. for his abilities and preparation fit him for almost any duty con-

DOWLER, Joanna Gertrude Wall, for many years one of the most popular educators of Cass County, and a lady of scholarly attainments and charming personality, was born in New York City, July 28, 1888, a daughter of David IF. and Mary (Welsh) Wall, natives of Dublin, Ireland, who met in New York City after their arrival in this country, and there married. Mr. Wall was a farmer, and after he moved to Vermilion County, Ill. served that county as clerk. In the meanwhile. however, he had lived in Pennsylvania and Indiana, serving in the latter place as a railroad employe. During the winter of 1859-40 he settled in Vermilion County, and after purchasing a farm, lived upon it a short time. then moved to Danville, Ill., where he died in 1846. Following his demise, his widow and children went to Quincy, Ill., where the widow until she had completed her studies with Prof. sowick, who, in 1851, had come to Beardstown. Mrs. Dowler taught school under him, and for fifty-two years was a teacher, during the last two years devoting her attention to instruction in drawing. Feeling then that she had completed her work along educational lines. to the great regret of many she retired, and since then bas resided in her exceedingly comfortable home on East Fifth Street, Beardstown.

Tn 1NG2 Miss Wall was married to Dr. Moses Morton Dowler, born in the state of Virginia, a physician of high standing who carried on a large practice at Beardstown and Rushville. He was a carefully trained professional man, havying been educated at Bellevue. New York. and the Rock Tsland Medical College. His death occurred in 1906, at Kansas City, Mo., where he is buried. Dr. and Mrs. Dowler were the parents of the following children: Arthur S., who is a physician of Panora, Iowa; Walter R., who is of Oakland. Cal., and Florence Marie, who was a graduate of the Beardstown High school and taught there for one year, but died in 1902, aged twenty yvears. Mus. Dowler is a member of the Methodist church. and is active in its many avenues of usefulness.

DOWNING, Hon, Finis E. - Among the citizens of Virginia. Cass County, Ill... who have become prominent in state-wide and national politics and have rendered their constituents and the public efficient service in important offices. is Hon. Finis E. Downing of the city of Virginia. and formerly state senator, member of Congress and secretary of state of Illinois. He is a native of Cass County, Tl.. and bis birth took place at Virginia, August 24, 1846. His father, Nathan Downing, was born in Kentucky, and when a young man, was a student in Knox College. in Missouri, where he studied theology and became a minister of the Presbyterian church. In 1842 Nathan Downing was married, in Missouri, to Eliza J. Head, and then established himself in the town of Virginia, IIL, where he brought about the building of the first Presbyterian church. Of this he was pastor until 1852, when he resigned the pastorate, dying the following year. Rev. Nathan Downing was also instrumental in the erection of Union Seminary, of which he became the first president. 'The children of Nathan and Eliza J. (Head) Downing were as follows: John C., who died in the Union army during the Ciyil war; Finis f&.; and Lucy J. (Mrs.-R. D. Middleton), who died in 1902.

In boyhood Finis E. Downing attended the district schools and a seminary, after which he took a college course. He continued to make his home with his mother until January 8, 1868, when he was married to Susan Payne, a native of Kentucky. They had one son, Harry F., who

Payne) Downing passed away July 16, 1900. On August 12, 1802, Mr. Downing was united in marriage with Missouri Reel. who was born in Jacksonville, Ill., and was the widow of Judge Griggsby of Pittsfield, 11]. They had one daughter. edith. who died at the age of seven years.

After his first marriage Finis E. Downing went into the mercantile business, selling dry goods, hoots and shoes, et¢c., which he conducted until 1870. In that year he sold out and went to Butler, Mo., where, with a Mr. Boggs, he kept a general store. This they sold out in 1875 and Mr. Downing returned to Cass County,'T11., and for four years was éngaged in the dry goods trade in Virginia.

Politically long active in the Democrati¢ party, in 18S0 he was elected, on that ticket, circuit clerk of Cass County. in which office he served one term. He was then elected to the state senate. of which body he was secretary during former Governor <Altgeld's administration. In 1894 Mr. Downing was elected to Congress from the Sixteenth Illinois Congressional District, serving until 1896, when he was elected secretary of state of Tllinois.

Enquirer. which he conducted until 1901. when he transferred the paper to his son. Mr. Downing adheres to the Christian Science belief. Fraternally he is affiliated with the A. F. & A. Mand isa ISineht Templar: the iO: OF': and the M. W. A. In his long and busy life Finis FE. Downing has served his countrymen well and his ears are now met with the cheering utterance - "Well done, good and _ faithful servant." high standing through individual effort and personal merit. He was born at Flushing, N. Y., November 24, 1843, a son of John and Bridget (Ryan) Doyle, natives of County Tipperary, Ireland. In 1S40 these parents came to the United States and located in New York state, where the father was employed as a gardener. Not being satisfied, however, he left New York for Illinois, and on January 1, 1849, arrived at Beardstown, where he subsequently worked in the packing houses and nurseries.

Thomas Doyle was the only child of his parents and whatever education he had was obtained at intervals in the public schools before he was seven years old, and at that tender age he began working in a packing house. When he was twenty years old he went into railroad work, but in 1874 was elected marshal of Beardstown, holding that office for two years. Later he was in the retail liquor business for seven years, and then was in the railroad shops for six months. Embarking in a grocery business, he conducted it for thirteen years, selling it tc become a member of the police force of Beardstown. In time his services were recognized by his appointment as chief of the force.

On October S, 1875, Chief Doyle was married to Anna Burke. born at Ithaca, N. Y., a daughter of Dennis and Bridget (Jennings) Burke, of County Mayo, Ireland. They have had the following children: Rosa, who died September 2, 1913, was born July 2, 1876; Lucy, who was born January 23, 1884. is at home; Flora Bridget. who was born June 13, 1ISS7. is at home; and James William. who was born July 6, 1SSS8, conducts a drug store at Beardstown. Thomas Doyle is a Catholic in religious faith. In politics he is a Ttemocrat and active in the work of his party. He is a member of the Western Catholic Union.

DUCHARDT, John. - The most successful of Cass County agriculturalists are those who have not been content to confine their efforts to work along ordinary lines, but have branched out and achieved astonishing results. The conditions in this locality are favorable to experimentation, and those who are taking advantage of these opportunities. are proving to themselves and others the value of such action. One of these progressive farmers is John Duchardt, of Hickory Precinct. who was born in this precinct October 10, 1851, a son of Christian and 'Mary (Nolich) TDuchardt, natives of Hesse Darmstadt and of Wurttemberg, Germany, respectively. The maternal grandparents came to Cass County, IIL, at an early day. Christian Duchardt located at Quincey, Ill., upon coming to America, where he worked as a butcher. Later he came to Cass County and entered a farm from the government three miles north of Virginia. This land was covered with timber, but he cleared it and made it a valuable property. He married at Virginia and settled on his farm where he died about 1899, having survived his wife. They had two children: Elizabeth. who is Mrs. William Needham, of Virginia, Ill.; and John.

Mrs. Theodore Quernteeim Theodor Quiernteeim

John Duchardt always lived on the homestead and was educated in the schools of his district. He now owns about 500 acres of fertile farming land, the greater portion of which he rents. He has large stock interests, raising Angora goats, draught horses, mules, ponies, cattle and hogs, his stock being noted for its excellence in every particular. His suecess in stock raising has brought him fame in this line, and his advice is often sought as an expert. In politics he is a Progressive.

DUFELMEIER, William, one of the representative farmers of Cass County, is comfortably located at Beardstown where he is enjoying the fruits of a life of hard work and frugality. He was born in Hanover, Germany, May 7, 1848. His parents died when he was a child, and an aunt, who had come to Beardstown, IIl., sent him the money to join her, when he was seventeen years of age. Arriving in Cass County, he found employment among the farmers by the month, and worked in this manner for seven years. On March 21, 1872, he married Mary Meyer of Arenzville, Ill., and then rented land from his father-in-law for a few years. He then bought 120 acres of prairie land, and twenty acres of timber, four miles northwest of Arenzville. Moving on this, he improved the place, but on account of a succession of crop failures could scarcely keep up his interest on the money he had borrowed to make the purchase. However, his steadfast efforts brought about desirable results, and in time he had his land paid for and was making money. Burdened with the continued ill health of his wife, however, he retired from the farm and moved to Beardstown, where she died in 1901, having had no children.

On November 14, 1901, Mr. Dufelmeier married (second) Sophia Broeker, born at Beardstown, June 15. 1868S, and they have the following children: Marie, born Nov. 13, 1902; Alma, born Jan. 16, 1906, and Paul and Clara, who died in infancy. After his second marriage, Mr. Dufelmeier returned to his farm and continued to improve it, but in 1911, once more came to Beardstown, renting his farm to others, and since then has remodeled his residence, which is one of the fine homes in the city.

Mr. Dufelmeier has had some _ interesting experiences during his life, and is a well informed man, although he had very little opportunity to attend school, and that only in Germany. In crossing the ocean, his ship took seven weeks and two days on the trip, and met with some very heavy weather, there being a storm which nearly wrecked it. When he arrived at Beardstown, in the fall of 1866, he had but one cent left. but as he was a willing worker, that made but little difference to him, and he has lived to see the day when he is prosperous and highly respected in the land of his adoption. He belongs to the Lutheran church. A Republican, he has served as a school trustee for two years in Arenzville Precinct. He has the satisfaction of being able to say that he has

EDWARDS, John E. - An enterprising and progressive farmer of Ashland, Ill., is a man who is well and favorably known in the community of which he is a member as an intelligent and well informed citizen. His farm is situated in township 18, range 9, n., Cass County, and on it, besides general farming, he is successfully engaged in raising horses, cattle, mules and hogs, and his attention is now devoted wholly to the duties of his farm.

John E. Edwards is a son of one of the early settlers of Cass County, his father and mother, John and Ruth (Sharp) Edwards, having come from England with their family, and entered up a large tract of timber land. Here John E. Edwards was born, January 3, 1877. By his first wife, who died about the year 1871, John Edwards had the following children: Charlotte (Mrs. Thomas Baker), of Washington, Kan.; Jane (Mrs. Hiram Smith), of Cass County, Ill.; Mary (Mrs. Tilford Cline), of Cass County; William F. and George, of Ashland, Ill.; John, of Macoupin County, II1.; Samuel, of Menard County, Ill.; Thomas, of St. Paul, Minn.; and Sarah, who died in 1872, aged twenty-two years. After a while John Edwards returned to England on a visit, and about the year 1875 married again and brought his second wife to his farm in Cass County. He added to the farm until it comprised more than 600 acres. At first he lived in a log cabin, but later bought the old Garner church, which he moved to the farm, and used for a dwelling until he built the present home in 1871. He was an extensive raiser of cattle, horses and hogs. He held several local offices and organized School District No. 27. In 1872 he built a fine frame house and otherwise improved his property. John Edwards died in November, 1887, and his widow, who now lives in Brown County, IIL, married John Thomas. By her Mr. Edwards had the following children, namely: John E.; Harry. of Ashland, Ill.; Anna (Mrs. H. O. Brownback), of Ashland, Ill.; Della (Mrs. H. FE. Booker), of Menard County, Ill.; Olive (Mrs. Fred Vetting), of Arvado, Colo.; Forrest, of Waverley, Ill.; Charles and Lee, of Lees Summitt, Mo.: and Nellie, who died in infancy.

After his father's death John E. Edwards remained with his mother about four years. In youth he had attended the district schools of the neighborhood and Brown's Business College, at Jacksonville, where he spent two years, and after his graduation, in the winter of 1895-96, he worked two years in a railroad ticket office at St. Paul, Minn. Then returning home, he resumed farming. purchasing the homestead of 985 acres from the other heirs, together with his mother's dower.

In February, 1902. Mr. Edwards was united in marriage with Mattie Hinchee, a native of Cass County, and a daughter of J. M. and Mary (Clark) Hinchee, of the same county. They hare five children, as follows: Irene, Byron

Mr. Edwards is quite public spirited and takes considerable interest in public affairs. For three years he served as deputy assessor of township 18, range 9, Cass County, and has officiated as school director since 1903 in Oregon Precinct ; as committeeman since 1902; and as senatorial committeeman of the Thirtieth District. since 1912. He is a popular man and is considered a representative farmer and a model member of the community in which he lives.

EDWARDS, William F. - One of the most prosperous and substantial farmers in western IIlinois, and one who is favorably known throughout Cass County, is William F. Edwards, whose home is in the vicinity of the town of Ashland. The farm on which he lives is situated in section 9, township 17, range §, n., and consists of 200 acres of land. In addition to this, he owns about 500 acres in township 18, range S Mr. Edwards is a native of Cass County, where his birth took place August 13, 1854. His father was John Edwards, of English nativity, and the maiden name of his mother, also born in England, was Elizabeth Peat. They were married in England, and on coming to the United States, located in Cass County, Ill., where the father always carried on farming and stockraising.

In youth William F. Edwards received his education in the country schools in his neighborhood, and from that time on, devoted himself to farming. For two years, he farmed near the town of Virginia, and then moved to the vicinity of Chandlerville. where he remained five years, then made another move, taking the farm on which he now lives, and has occupied it for thirty-one years. He has improved it in every way, and has erected fine buildings on it. He calls it the "Cox Grove Farm," having bought it on a court decree, his being part of the second transfer from the government.

matlried to Lucinda IF. Stout, born in Cass County, Il, June 5, 1858, a daughter of Emely and Elvira (Denny) Stout, natives of New Jersey. Mr. and Mrs. Edwards had the following children: Howard, who married Maud Strubel; Lioyd L., and Aletha Pearl, who married George Muttra and lives in Springfield. The mother of this family died April 16, 1911. The two sons are engaged in farming on land in Cass County that belongs to their father. The father formerly farmed extensively himself, feeding at one time a large number of cattle and hogs. _ Mr. Edwards was reared within the folds of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a very sociable and pleasantly disposed man, and is popular with all who have been so fortunate as to make his acquaintance, which presupposes a large circle of friends. Fraternally, he is identified with the Modern Woodmen of America, of Tallula, Ill., and the I. O. O. F., of Ashland.

raising, has become one of the leading agriculturalists of Cass County. He was born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, April 30, 1852, a son of John and Mary (Benhard) Eichenauer who came to the United States, landing at New Orleans after a voyage of eight weeks and two days. They had the misfortune to arrive in the South during the Civil war, and were blockaded. The father, at first, sawed wood to get enough money to support his family, but later became a wagonmaker, that being his trade, for the United States government. At the close of the war, he came up the river to Beardstown, Ill., and going out on the Sangamon River bottom, rented land near Chandlerville and at other places, until his purchase of a farm in the northeastern corner of Cass County. Ten years later, about eight years of this time having lived in Mason County, he moved to Chandlerville, and lived retired until his death June 2, 1912, aged eightysix years. The mother died January 27, 1905. Their children were as follows: John. who is deceased; Rudolph C.: Henry, who lives in Menard County, Ill.; George, who is of California; Bernard, who is of Kansas; Theodore, who is deceased: William who is of Mason County, Ill.; and Mary, who resides in Iowa.

Rudolph C. Eichenauer attended school at New Orleans for a short period, and continued with his parents until his marriage in 1876, when he rented the McCally farm on the Sangamon River bottom. Seven years later he rented the Taylor farm, one-half mile away. and nine years later, he moved on the Henry Dick farm near Chandlerville, and there resided until 1905, when he bought 210 acres of land in township 18, range 9, known as the old John Holmes farm. This property was partly improved, but he has replaced the buildings then standing with modern ones. On this farm he continues to carry on general farming and stockraising. On March 8, 1876. he married Magdelena Schneider, who was born in Cass County. Ill., April 30, 1854, a daughter of Henry and Mary (Nies) Schneider, born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany. Their children have been as follows: Augusta, who married Henry Lovekamp of Cass County: John, who died in infancy : Reuben, who is at home; Albert, who is of Cass County: and Freda and Alma, who live at home, the latter teaching school. Mr. Fichenauer belongs to the Lutheran church and is a Republican in politics.

ELAM, Stephen F., a prosperous farmer and land owner of township 18, range 11, is a man who has proven his worth as a man and citizen. He was born in Woodford County, Ky., February 21, 1826. a son of Thomas and Mary Ann (Furr) Flam. born in Kentucky. In 1828, these parents drove overland to Arcadia, Ill., where they remained a short time, and then went to Beardstown. the father in both places working at his trade of coopering. and still later, continued working at his trade at Jacksonville, Ill., where the mother died. following which he returned to Beardstown, and there spent the remainder of his life.

Until he was ten years old, Stephen IF. Elam resided with his parents, and attended a subscription school for three months. At that early age, he began to earn his own living, and worked in various ways in and about Beardstown, and was thus engaged when, on June 18, 1846, he enlisted in Company K, under Colonel Hardin, for service during the war with Mexico. After serving about a year, he was honorably discharged and returning to Beardstown, he worked as a carpenter until 1858. In that year he was elected marshal of Beardstown, and held that office for some time. In the meanwhile he invested in 200 acres of land at Bluff Springs, which was one of the first farms to be improved in Cass County. NScarcely had he located upon his property, than he felt called upon to again serve his country, and he enlisted in the Union army in 1863, as a member of the secret service force. After his honorable discharge from the duties of this service. he returned to his farm, where he has since remained, being engaged in farming.

In 1852, Mr. Elam married Margaret Norton, who was born at Wheeling. W. Va., a daughter of Thomas and Mary A. Norton. Myr. and Mrs. Elam became the parents of the following children: Catherine, who is Mrs. John Merritt of Vlgin, Ill.; George. who is of Canton, Ill.; and John, who is conducting the homestead. Mr. Flam is a Democrat, but is not active in politics. TFraternally he belongs to the Masonic lodge of Beardstown. A man of high principles and unflinching honesty, Mr. Elam has won and retained the full confidence of his associates, and he is justly considered one of the loyal and dependable men of Cass County.

ELLIOTT, William. - A considerable proportion of the farming element of Cass County, IIL. and indeed, of other elements in its population which have been largely instrumental in contributing to the public prosperity. is of Trish birth or Irish extraction. In every walk of life are and have been couspicuous men of intelligence. vigor and indomitable energy, who have honored the appellation of American citizenship in the full significance of that name. while cherishing a natural pride in the Emerald Isle as the land of their lirth or of the origin of their forefathers. As an illustration of this large and worthy class of Cass County residents. the subject of this hiographical record may be adduced in evidence.

County Antrim, Ireland. was the birthplace of William Elliott. as it was also of his parents. Joun and Naney (Balia) Elliott. William was born June 2S. 1837. and the family shortly afterwards sailed for America, consuming eight weeks on the voyage to this country. Landing in New York. they journeyed westward to Tllinois, locating at Beardstown. On arriving, with seven children. the father had but S80 as his capital. For several years he rented farms, working in packing houses at Beardstown in the winter season. In course of time John Elliott hought some improved land in the eastern portion of

Cass County, and at a subsequent period entered additional land, so that at one time he owned 330 acres. The latter part of his life he spent in Virginia, dying in 1889 at the age of eightyeight years. His wife passed away in 1872. Their children were: Hugh, deceased; Nancy (Mrs. J. D. Thompson), of Cass County, Mo.; Mary (Mrs. William Mullin), a widow, of Cass County, Mo.; William; John, killed in the Union army; Margaret (Mrs. William Ross), deceased ; and David. of Virginia. William Ross, husband of Margaret, is a resident of Cass County.

William Elliott attended the district schools in his neighborhood in Cass County, and lived with his parents until his marriage. In 1863 Mr. Elliott was wedded to Mildred Brady, who died in 1864. His second wife, married in 1866, was Betsy Reagan, who passed away in 1909, without children. His third marriage took place in 1910, when he was united with Mamie Wilson. a Widow, horn in Jacksonville. After bis marriage Mr. Elliott bought a tract of land lying next to the home place. He also purchased the 3380 acre farm belonging to his father, towards which he traded eighty acres of his own. This he cultivated. and fed considerable livestock as well. In 1882 he withdrew from active pursuits and moved to Virginia. where he bought a fine residence, in which he established his home. Since then he has rented out his land.

In politics Mr. Elliott is a Democrat. He has been a very successful farmer, and is enjoying in comfortable retirement the rewards of a long life of industry and economy. He has many friends, and is much respected.

EMERICH, David William, proprietor of a saw mill of considerable importance to his neighborhood, is one of the substantial men of Cass County. He was born in the northwestern part of Cass County, September 80, 1874, a son of John and Emeline (Shafer) Emerich, the former born in Van Buren County, Iowa, Novemher 29, 1839, and the latter in Cass County, IJ, April 18, 1844. The grandparents on the paternal side were William and Abigail (Henderson) Fmerich, natives of Morgan County, I11., while the grandparents on the mother's side were Christopher and Rachel (Emerich) Shafer, natives of Rockbridge County, Va., and Morgan County. Ill., respectively. The parents of David W. Emerich married in Cass County, IIL, and then located in Hickory Township, where the lavid W.. the mother dying March 14, 1914. Their children were: Elizabeth, who is deceased: Alonzo M., who resides at Peoria; John Franklin. who is deceased: Rose H., who is Mrs. Alonzo Pope, of Oklahoma: Mary H., who lives on the home farm: David W.; Jeanette G., who is on the home farm; and Oliver Dewitt, who resides at Chandlerville, Il.

David W. Emerich resided on the home farm with his brother Oliver until 1900, when they hought a threshing machine outfit and operated it together for two years, and then David W.

bought out his brother's interest and continued until 1911, when he sold. In the meanwhile, about 1902, he had gone into a sawmill business and dealt in lumber for two years, and now has a custom sawnill, which is operated by a traction engine, and he gives employment to five men the year round.

On December 20, 1911, Mr. Emerich married Anna Margaret Nollsch, born on section 70, a daughter of Gottlieb and Catherine (Hobig) Nolisch. The father, born in Hesse Darmstadt in 1822, died in Cass County, north of Virginia. The mother was born in 1837 and died in 1912. The paternal grandparents, John P. and Anna Margaret Nollsch, came to Cass County in 1842. The maternal grandparents were John and Anna Gertrude Hobig, who came to St. Louis, Mo., in 1847. He was born in 1799 and was a nurseryman and gardener, and died in 1887. Mrs. Hobig was born in 1801 and died in 1548. All these pioneers settled in the woods of Cass County and took up land.

ERICSON, Carl, a business man of Virginia, was born near Guttenburg, Sweden, May 25, 1877, a son of Eric and Anna (Magnusson) Ericson. After receiving a public schoo] education in his native land, Carl Ericson came to the United States, arriving here March 22, 1898, and from New York came direct to Cass County. Here he engaged with an uncle who was a brick manufacturer of Virginia. After twelve years so spent, during which time he was learning the business and acquiring a knowledge of the language, he took a business course at a Chicago commercial college, from which he was graduated in 1897. Returning to Virginia, he went into partnership with Lee Skiles in a brick and coal business, which association continued until January 22, 1914, when he bought his partner's interest, and is now conducting the concern alone.

On August 31, 1907, Mr. Ericson was married to Grace Martin, a daughter of George Martin. She died in June, 1908, and is buried in the Virginia cemetery. Mr. Ericson was married (second) on June 19, 1912, to Ethel Plummer, a daughter of E. S. and Susanna (Beach) Plummer. They have one son, Carl Erland, born March 20, 1913. Mr. Ericson joined the Masonic order at Virginia in 1910. He is a member of the Presbyterian church, of which he is an elder, and he is superintendent of the Sunday school. His mother died in Sweden in 1898S, aged about fifty-five years, but his father survives, still residing in Sweden.

FELKER, Leonard W. - The attorneys of Cass County are, perhaps, as well informed and learned men as can be found in the legal profession in any part of the state, their achierements in jurisprudence standing as valuable testimony to their ability and training. One of those deserving of more than passing mention is Leonard W. Felker, of Beardstown. He was born at Starr City, Pulaski County, Ind.. September 20, 1873, a son of Ephraim and Rebecea

(Decker) Felker. He received his educational training in the public schools of his native place, the University of Indiana and at Indianapolis, where he took a law course. After his graduation, he was admitted to the bar, and to practice in the state and federal courts. Following this he entered at once upon the duties of his profession, under the firm name of Barders & Felker, at Winamac, Ind. This association continued until 1903, when the partuership was dissolved, Mr. Felker going to Gardner, Grendy County, Ill. There he continued in practice until 19138. In that year he came to Beardstown, where he is conveniently located in finely equipped. offices, and is enjoying a large practice.

Mr. Felker was married at Starr City, Ind., June 29, 1898, to Miss Frances M. Washburn, a daughter of Isaac L. and Mary (McCombs) Washburn, natives respectively of Pulaski County and Cass County, Ill. Mr. Felker is a member of the Christian church. Politically he is a Democrat, and his fraternal associations are with the Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen, both at Beardstown.

FINN, Thomas L., manager of the Warner Randolph Company, Incorporated, is one of the substantial men of Virginia. This company was incorporated in 1908 with a capital stock of $50,- 000, by Horace Warner, C. R. Randolph and Alice Weinstein, the first named being president; Mr. Randolph, vice president, and Alice Weinstein, secretary and treasurer as well as a director. There have been some changes since then, the present officers being: Horace Warner, president and treasurer; Thomas Oddy, vice president; and Alice Weinstein, secretary. This company owns and operates several stores, the one at Virginia being under the direct management of Thomas L. Finn, who was born at Virginia, Ill... October 27, 1882, a son of John and Alvina (Thompson) Finn.

After passing through the grammar school, Mr. Finn took the high school course, and was graduated therefrom in 1900. At once he entered upon a mercantile life and has since been identified with this line of endeavor. His fraternal associations are with the Modern Woodmen of America, which order he joined at Ashland. and the Red Men, which he joined at Vireinia. and he is chief of records of the latter. On January 1, 1905, Mr. Finn twas united in marriage with Mabel Cooper. a daughter of George and Ida (Gaines) Cooper. The one child of this marriage, Thelma, born November 2. 1907, died April 14. 1913. Mr. Finn is admittedly one of the leading spirits of Virginia, and his influence in business and social circles is felt and acted upon.

FISHER, Fred L. - Statisties prove that the raising of poultry is a very profitable business, provided it is carried on intelligently and scientifically. The demand for dressed poultry and fresh eggs is far in excess of the supply. and those who have embarked in the business of handling these products have every reason to be satisfied with their investment of time and money. Fred L. Fisher is one of the enterprising men of Cass County who has proven the truth of these statements, having developed one of the largest enterprises of its kind in this section, and located it at Virginia.

Fred L. Fisher was born in Morgan County, Ill., April 5, 1874, and was brought to Cass County by his parents in infancy. After completing a public school course, he turned his attention to raising poultry and has continued in this line ever since, now handling about 40,- 000 fowls annually. In time he bought the plant built by W. F. Throckmorton, which is thoroughly equipped for cleaning and dressing poultry of all kinds. Shipments are made to the eastern market, and Mr. Fisher's produce commands high prices. In 1898, Mr. Fisher was united in marriage with Estella May Paul, and they have four children, namely: Pauline, George Dewey, Berneita, and Harry Frederick. A man of industrious habits, Mr. Fisher has worked his way up, depending upon himself for his advantages and while he does not care for public honors, he takes the interest any good citizen displays in the welfare of his community.

FOZZARD, William Howard, now residing on the farm of his parents in township 17, range 11, is one of the successful agriculturists of Cass County, whose prosperity is well merited. He was born on this farm October 24, 1881, a son of William F. and Anna Louise (Charlesworth) Fozzard, natives of Cass County, the former born March 25, 1849, and the latter born May 18, 1857. After their marriage they located on Mr. Fozzard's homestead, which he had bought, it then consisting of eighty acres, and to this he added fifty-five acres.

The only child of his parents, William Howard Fozzard was reared upon the farm which he has conducted since 1905. At present he operates the entire farm, carrying on general farming. In addition to attending the public schools of his district, Mr. Fozzard took a steam and electric course through the Scranton Correspondence School.

On February 16, 1909, Mr. Fozzard married Bessie May Wright, born in Lewis County, Mo., June 20. 1886, a daughter of William Thomas and Nannie (Tumey) Wright. of Lewis County, Mo. The parents of Mrs. Fozzard have been living in Shelby County. Mo.. since the fall of 1912. Mr. and Mrs. Fozzard have one child, George William. who was born February 25, 1911. The Methodist church of Monroe holds the membership of Mr. Fozzard and his mother and family. and he is one of its trustees. In politics he is a Democrat. The Fozzard family is one of the most respected in Cass County, where Mr. Fozzard personally stands yery high in publie esteem.

energies have been directed towards improving their plant and bringing their business up to standard in every respect. This business was founded by Robert and Charles Frank, and is located on Adams and Fifth streets. There are five greenhouses, amounting to 10,000 feet of glass, which they built themselves. The firm has made some very extensive improvements and their facilities for growing hot house plants are unexcelled in Cass County. The partners have their own water and heating system, and spare no pains or money to bring their concern up to perfection. Frank Bros. handle potted plants, cut flowers, and various kinds of vegetable plants for the market. ;

Robert Frank, the senior member of the firm, was born in Baden. Germany, September 24, 1862, and came to the United States in 1881. Locating at St. Louis, he worked in a florist establishment for ten years, and then came to Beardstown, Ill., where he has since remained. He has never married.

Charles Frank, the junior member of the firm, was born in Baden, Germany, February 1, 1866, and in 1888 joined his brother at St. Louis. For two years he worked as a florist in that city, and then for two years traveled through California and other western states. He then located at Beardstown, and the two brothers established their present business. In September, 1907, Charles Frank married Della Asastin, a native of Pope County, Ill. Mr. and Mrs. Frank have one child, Wilma. Charles Frank is a Freemason. Both the brothers are men of ability, devoted to their work, and their advance is steady and certain.

FRANKENFIELD, Henry P., a _ prosperous farmer and stockraiser whose efforts in behalf of agricultural betterment have advanced the supremacy of Cass County very considerably, owns 305 acres of land in section 36, township 19, range 9. He was born in this county September 27, 1876, a son of Theodore and Susan C. (Morris) Frankenfield, the former born at Pritsvault, Germany, and the latter in Cass County. Ill. The father was a farmer and farm and obtained his educational training in the schools of his district. He owns, as above mentioned, 305 acres of excellent land, 200 acres of which is under cultivation, the remainder heing devoted to pasturage and timber. He belongs to Chandlerville Lodge No. 724, A. F. & A. M.. and both he and his wife belong to the Eastern Star. In politics he is a Democrat, but does not desire office. The Baptist church holds his membership in which he is a deacon.

Mr. Frankenfield was married in Springfield, Tll.. by Judge Murray on June 15, 1905, to Etie Crafton. born in Mason County, Ill., Noyember 5, 1888. a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Lane) Crafton. They were born in Mason County, where the mother died March 10, 1913,

GAILEY, Darwin S., M. D., a physician and surgeon of Ashland, is one of the best examples of the skilled medical man of his generation to be found in Cass County. He was born at Prentice, Morgan County, Ill., January 2, 1876, a son of Dr. William Watson and Mary E. (Sinclair) Gailey, natives of Newcastle, Pa., and Sinclair, Morgan County, Ill. The father was a physician and surgeon who located in Morgan County soon after the Civil war, where he died September 27, 1911. The mother lives at Jacksonville, Ill. Their children were as follows: Byron S., who is of Jacksonville, Ill.; Darwin S.; E. P., who is an attorney at law at Houston, Tex.; Marsh D., who died in infancy; W. W., Jr., who is a physician of Bloomington, I]].; and Rowena, who is a resident of Chicago.

Darwin S. Gailey attended the University of Michigan and the Chicago College of Physicians and Surgeons, and after receiving his medical degree began practicing at Ashland on June 20, 1897. <A few months later he went to Utah, and spent six months at Ogden, after which he returned to Ashland and resumed his practice. He is admittedly the leading physician of this place.

and Dana Elizabeth. Dr. Gailey has served as a member of the town board, and was president of that body for some time, and at present is president of the board of education. A Republican, he has been his party's district committeeman for many years. In every relation of life, Dr. Gailey has proven himself a man of worth, and his value is appreciated by his fellow townsmen.

GAINES, Lawrence B., general passenger and freight agent of the C. P. & St. L. Railroad, at Virginia, is one of the substantial railroad men of Cass County, and one whose work in connection with his chosen calling is of a nature not only to gain him promotion, but to enhance the value of the traffic on his road. Myr. Gaines was born in Cass County, on a farm. July 6, 1880, a son of Preston F. and Emma (Bateman) Gaines, and the voungest of the four children born to his parents. These parents came to Cass County. Ill. about 1855. The father enlisted for service in the Civil war, from Morgan County. and served for four years. His death occurred in 1898S, when he was fifty-six years old. The mother survives, making her home at Virginia.

Lawrence B. Gaines secured his educational training in the schools of the county. and began railroad work at Virginia. Ill.. in the employ of the B. & O. Railroad. From there he went to Jacksonville. where he spent a year. and then for another year was at Little Indian, Il. Once more he went with the B. & O. Railroad, and in April, 1904, he took charge of his present station, and has continued here ever since, giving universal satisfaction. During the fifteen years he has been in railroad work, Mr. Gaines has proven his ability, and gained a host of warm supporters.

Farrell. My. Gaines is a member of the Masonic fraternity. The Methodist church is his religious home, and he enjoys promoting its benevolent work and extending its influence.

GARM, Robert H., cashier of the First State Bank of Beardstown. and a man widely and favorably known throughout Cass County as a man of highest prohity and excellent financial standing. was born at a point six miles east of Beardstown, August 30. 1854. a son of Henry and Mary DD. (Uaywood) Garm. The father was a native of Hanover, Germany. while the mother was born in Cornwall, England. 'The latter came in childhood to America with the family of John H. Harris. who arrived in Cass County. T1.. in 1842. Henry Garm came to Cass County in young manhood, and here married. Until ISGS he was a farmer. Lut in that year moved to Beardstown, where he engaged in a grain lusiness, later. with his son, Robert H., embarking in a clothing business. they continuing together until the father's death. August 11, 1902. The mother later moved to Springfield, Ill.. where she now resides. being now in her eighty-fourth year. They had the following children: John T., who is of Beardstown: Joseph F., who is of Joplin, Mo.: Mary E., who is@Mrsy Dre ay Po Norbury) of (Spring held: T1: Frank, who died in 1889; and Robert H.

years later Christian Pilger bought the Benneson interest. and Mr. Garm and Mr. Pilger continued together for two years, when Mr. Garm became the sole proprietor, and continued as such for ten years. when his father became his partner. After his father's death Mr. Garm sold his interest to his brother and accepted the position of cashier of the First State Bank of Peardstown, and has held it continuously since 1893.

On April 4, 1898, Mr. Garm was married to Tillie C. Dutch. a daughter of Richard and Alice Dutch. natives of England. They have two children: Moy T.. a physician of Beardstown ; and Clifford C. Mr. Garm is a member of the Methodist church and has held all the church offices, including that of trustee, and has acted as such since 1904. For nine years he served on the city school hoard. and during one term was mayor of Beardstown, during which time the city had a sound. businesslike administration. Fraternally he is a Mason, is a member of the Commandery, and has held many offices in that order, now being treasurer of Cass

Lodge No. 123. He also belongs to Ark Lodge No. 16, I. O. O. F.; and additionally is identified With the Knights of Pythias, No. 207; the Court of Honor, and the Modern Woodmen of America. He is secretary of the Beardstown Building & Loan Association, and since 1904 has been chairman of the board of managers.

GARNER, Hanson A., a prosperous farmer of Cass County and one who stands well among the agriculturalists of his section, resides on township 18, range 11, section 80, where he owns forty-five acres of excellent land. He was born in Cass County, September 24, 1858, a son of William S. and Nancy M. (Crews) Garner, born in Cass County, Ill., December 16, 1837, and in Sangamon County. Ill, October 20, 1837, respectively. The father belonged to a pioneer family of Cass County and was reared amid the stern conditions of those early times. He developed into a judicious farmer and responsible man.

Hanson A. Garner attended the schools of his district and adopted farming as his life work. With the exception of three years during which he served as postmaster at Chandlerville, 1900- 1903. he has spent his life upon farms and is well versed in agricultural work. In _ political views he is a Republican. while his religious faith makes him a Methodist. and he is a liberal supporter of his church.

On September 17. 1903. Mr. Garner was married, in Cass County. to Mary E. Richard, born Mareh 4. 1871. and they have had the following children: William A.. Evan R., Walter, Harold and Lucile. Mr. Garner is a man of kindly disposition, who is content to take the world as he finds it. Jlis friends are many. and his enemies few, and wherever he goes he is sure of a hearty welcome for he is one whom all kind of men like and want to know.

GATTON, Zachariah W. - While nearly twenty years have passed since the death of Zachariah W. Gatton, there are meny who still remember this old-time Illinois River pilot, agriculturist and banker. who contributed greatly to the adrancement and development of Cass County dur ine his lone and useful career. Ile was born in Allen County. Ky.. November 15, 1812. but was only fourteen years of age when brought to Cass County. and here the rest of his life was passed in participation in the events which inarked the development of one of Illinois' most prosperous and flourishing counties, : '