Calumet Township (part 4 of 7)

This is a Holland settlement on the Thornton Ridge road and west of Pullman, anil formerly designated the Holland Settlement. From its elevated situation a magnificent view can be had of the palace-car city and the prairie settlements to the south-west of Chicago. The boundaries of the hamlet are Haisted Street, Indiana Avenue and Ninety-ninth and One Hundred and Fifteenth Streets ; its inhabitants are the sturdy, phlegmatic, industrious natives of Holland ; and standing by some of the little squat, small-windowed houses, hearing the high-Dutch gutturals, seeing the pollards and rectangular inclosures, the square-faced, wooden-shoed, tow-headed little Dutchmen ; in fact, observing the " tout ensemble" would cause one to fancy themselves rather near Amsterdam, or in primitive Nieuw Amsterdam, than fifteen miles from Chicago. Through the land of roses run seven lines of railroads, anil twelve tlepots are easily accessible from its vicinity. The first plat of the village was made in 1X7.5-74 by Goris Yan der Syde* and John Ton ; Peter Dalenberg next subdivided a tract, ami then James D. and Arthur Yan Ylissingen surveyed the main subdivisions and placed some four hundred acres of their own upon the market ; these surveved tr.n ts constitute Roseland. The first settlers of Roseland were Locke, Cornelius Kttyper, Lendert Yan tier Syde, John Ambuul. Peter Dalenberg. J. Ton, Peter de Jong. Jacob De Jong, John Brass, Hark Eningenburg and C. Eningenburg, all of whom came front the district between Amsterdam and Rotterdam, in Holland, in 1848. I.endert Yan tier Syde bought his house from a man named Locke, who rented it from a butcher in Chicago named Frink ; this house is stated bv old si ttli rs to have l>een moved to tin coi net o ( die Hundred and Kleventh Street and Michigan Avenue. The De Jongs built on the old Thornton road near One Hundred and Third Street, and here the first birth in the settlement occurred, being that of Oeorge De Jong, now spelt as pronounced, De Young , son of Jacob De Jong, in 1S48, while yet the family lived in the bam, pending the completion of their house. Peter Dalenberg built his house on the Thornton road, corner of One Hundred and Kleventh Street. There are still numbers of antique houses that might have been erected forty years ago, in Roseland ; their age is manifest from the peculiar, small window-panes, inserted when glass commanded a much higher rate on the market than now, anil a whole window-light of which glass was about the size of a page of note-paper. Between the years 1K49 and 1856, a number of settlers located on the 'Thornton road, among whom were A. Koker, Tennis Maat, Peter Prins, Peter Madderom, Nicholas Maddcrom, Berend Yan Mvncn, Martin Yan der Starre and Charles Kionka. In 1854-56, J. Brand, J. Snip, H. 'Ton and Cornelius Roggeveen settled on the low-lying land between the ridge and Lake Calumet. The first storekeeper was Cornelius Kuyper. who opened a store stocked with general merchandise, on One Hundred and 'Third Street, near Tracy Avenue, in 1848. He closed this store in 1S49, when Goris Yan der Syde opened a general store near the site of the present post-office. The fust marriage was between Peter Dalenberg and Miss Lina Yan der Syde. in the fall of 185; ; Rev. Dr. Yan Raalte, of the Dutch colony in Michigan, officiating. The first death was that of Tennis Maat in 1852; he was interred near One Hundred and Seventh Street, where the olil cemetery now stands. The first blacksmith shop was opened in 1858, by - Karpenstcin ; the first brick dwelling house WHS built in 1872. by Cornelius Kuvper, near One Hundred and Third Street, and the first brick store was built in 1882, by Goris Van del Syde. The first Postmaster was Goris N an der Syde, appointed in 1861. Prior to his appointment a post-office was at Calumet Station, now Kensington, which was abolished in 1864, and Koscland named Hope Post-Office, which name it retained until 1873, when it was changed to Koscland. Mr. Van der Syde is still the Postmaster, having held the position without interruption.

The Reformed Church in America Society was organised in 1848 with eighteen members. In 1849 a building was erected near One Hundred and Seventh Street; here all the first settlers were accustomed to meet ; the first pastor was Rev. M. Ypma. The old building was torn down about 1853, to give place to a larger structure, which was used until 1868, when the present church was built ; this was fifty-six feet by thirty-four feet, but in 18X2 an addition had to be made thereto of twenty-six feet by thirty-four feet, making the building eighty-two feet by thirty-four feet. A lecture room thirty feet by twenty feet also stands on the south of the the church ; the value of which, with the property, is about ten thousand dollars. The old grave-yard stands immediately north of the church. The present trustees of the chinch are Peter de Jong, John Ton, Sr., John Madderom, Dirk J. de Jong and the pastor, Cornelius Kriekard, who has filled the pulpit since 1879. The present membership of the Church is two hundred and eighty. The Sunday-school was organized in 1873, and now has two hundred ami fifty scholars, with thirty teachers and six officers.

The Holland Christian Reformed Church was formed from the Reformed Church, in 1878 in consequence of some differences of dogmatic theology. A small church was built which was added to and renewed, until now the congregation has a line edifice, thirty-four feet by seventy-two feet, with an addition twenty feet by thirty feet; the value of the church property is about $6,200. The names of the present trustees arc B. Stienstra, C. Clouzing, G. Vaarwcrk, A. Kleinbuisen, A. Dekker, J. Prins, C. Santevoort and John Kleinhui/en. Rev. Gccrt Broene, the first regular pastor of the Church, came in 1879. The congregation now comprises seventy-five families, and the Sundayschool has seventy or eighty scholars. Attached to tlie Church and subject to its jurisdiction, is a secular school of thirty scholars, wherein Dutch is the basis of the scholastic course, and of which Henry Jakobsma is principal.

Zion's Church of the German- Lutheran denomination has a membership of fifteen, with a Sunday-school attendance of about forty ; their ch urch is on Michigan Avenue near One Hundred and Thirteenth Street, and COSt about $600. The pastor is Rev. H. Felton. The building was completed on September 4, 1882, and is utilized during the week as a parochial school, taught by Hugo Charli, where fifty three scholars attend.

The German Methodist Church, of which Rev. Frederick (leorge Wrede is pastor at present, meet in the Kensington school - house, until the church now being built on One Hundred and Thirteenth Street, near Indiana Avenue, is completed. Its estimated cost is Si, 300, and its size forty-eight feet by twenty-eight feet. The congregation average about twenty, the Sunday-school scholars about seventeen. This church belongs to the Blue Island district, and is under the pastorship of Rev. Mr. Weinrich.

The Presbyterians hold meetings in Van der Syde Hall, whereat there is an average attendance of about sixty. Rev. David S. McCaslin, of Pullman, supplies the pulpit by their request. This gentleman also leads a Hiblc class in the Union Sunday-school. This Sunday-school was organized May 26, 1883, by J. M. Lane, president, and has a large and interested attendance.

The Holy Rosary Catholic Church is situated on One Hundred and Tenth Street and Indiana Avenue, and is one hundred feet long by fifty feet wide, and is the parish church of Roseland, Kensington and Pullman. The parish was established May 21, 1882, by Archbishop Feehan, and Rev. John Waidron, Jr., then assistant priest at St. John's Church, corner of Eighteenth and Clark streets, was appointed its first pastor, which position he still occupies. The church cost $8,ooo, and the property, one hundred and sixty-five feet front byone hundred and twenty-five feet, $2,500; this whole amount was collected in the vicinity inside of one year. Rev. John Waidron, Jr.. on taking charge of his parish is alleged to have said the first mass ever said in this district; at that time he had not one cent, but by his energy and the enterprise and liberality of the congregation they have the only church in the archiepiscopacy of Chicago built and paid for within a single year. The congregation numbers about one thousand five hundred, and the Sunday-school has an attendance of about two hundred. Attached to the Church, is the society of the Ancient Order of Hibernians, having eighty members, and the following officers: John F'arrcll. president; James Welsh, secretary, and James Reilly, treasurer.

Thk First School* was the one appertaining to the Dutch Reformed Church, and was inaugurated about 1848; the preceptor was Peter De Jong, and the ladder of learning was composed exclusively of Dutch rungs.

The First District School was also held in the Dutch Reformed Church about 1857. The first public school building was erec ted in 1859 on the site of the present building, corner of One Hundred and Third Street and Michigan Avenue, and was about twentyfour feet by thirty-four feet; it was sold in 1879, to make room for the present two-storv brick building erected that year. The old building is still extant in the lot in rear of the present school-house.

The school district is embraced by Ninety-ninth and One Hundred and F.leventh streets. 'and Indiana and Wentworth avenues. The principal is George Albert Brennan; the assistant, Miss Annie Hickman; the number of pupils about two hundred. The present school directors are George De Young, Nicholas Roggcveen and John Madderom. The population of Roseland by the school census was 1,200.

Company G, 20 RtCIMENT, Illinois National Gl'ariis. is accredited to Roseland. Steps arc on foot to transfer it to Pullman. K. W. Henricks is its Captain ; William A. Swarts, First Lieutenant, and Arthur G. I-anc, Second Lieutenant.

F'ire Company. - On September 1. 1882, Roseland Hose Company, No. 9, was organized; with apparatus consisting of one hand hosc-cart and one hand engine, with four hundred and fifty feet of robber hose. Leonard Van der Syde is captain, and the company has eighteen men.

West Roseland, named Fernwood, in May, 1SS3. claims substantially the same hisitory as Roseland. A store ami depot was established on Tracy Avenue at th e crossing of the Chicago & F.astern Illinois Railroad, and a few cottages west of the track, and perhaps a halfdozen of houses, constituted the entire settlement. The table-laud oilers excellent facilities for residence property, which will doubtless be occupied in the expansion of the limits of suburban homesteads.

L. G. BASS, physician, wis born in Berlin Township. Bureau Co., 111., July 25. 1348. He was educated at ihe home schools and at the I'rinceton High School, and graduated from the University of Chicago in the June class of 1677, and from the Rush Medical College. Chicago, in 18S0. He begin the practice of medicine at Roseland in May. iSSo. His fatlier, Edwin Bass, iia farmer, and is one of the pioneer settlers of Bureau County, III,, having settled there in 1840.

CONRAD BICKIIAUS embarked in trade in November. 1SS1. being the first aud only druggist in the village. He was born in Germany July 6, 1854, and was raised and educated in his native country, lie served a* a pharmacist seven and a half years in Germany, and is a graduate of the Hanover Pharmaceutical Col. lege. He came to America in 1873, and to Cook Countv in October, tSSl.

A. BONTIIUIS, wagon-maker, came to Roseland in 1869, erected his dwelling, wagon and repair shop, and has since been engaged in Ihe manufacture and repair of wagons. He was bom in Holland February 14, 1S39, was raised a wagon maker in Holland, and came to America in 1866. In 1867 he married Miss D. Ulchemer, a native of 1 lolland. They have rive children - Aldert, A»a, Frederick, Delia and Andrew. They are members of ihe Reformed Church.

GEORGE A. BUENNAN. principal of the Roseland public schools, was born in Westchester County. N. Y., April 1. 1855. His patents removed 10 Chicago in 1S66, and he graduated in 18S1 from the Cook County Normal School. He has taught since 1876 in the dUtricl where he is now engaged. He was connected with the Suburban Enterprise newspaper of Kensington, and is now with the leading Holland paper of Chicago. De Nedcrlander. In 1S76 Mr. Brennan married Miss Sophia M. Kroon. of Trenton, N. J. They have four children - Sebastian Bauman, Sophia Rye George Allien and Grace Agnes.

PETER DAt.KNBERG, farmer. P. O. Roseland, came to Roseland in June, 1849, and began agricultural pursuits. He aUo kept cows, made butter and cheese, and sold his products in Chicago. The first year he bought ten acres of land and a house ; the second year he added thirty acres more , and twelve years afterward he again added forty acres to his farm, and has since followed farming and gardening. He was born in Nethcrlancl, Holland, February 25, 1824. He was a farmer in his native country, and came to the Uit'ted States in 1849. December 24. 1850, he married Miss Lena Vandersyde. who was bom in Holland November 8, 1831. They have six children - Cornelius. Lane. Nicholas, Katie. George and Peter, Jr. They are members of the Dutch Reformed Church.

HENRY DB YOUNG, of De Young & Kleinhuizen. cemtrac tors and builders, and dealers in sash, doors, blinds and mouldings. They embarked in the business as a firm Match 27. 1882, Mr. De Young beginning the business ten years previous to that. His father, John, came to Coik County in 1840, and settled at South Holland, where Henry was born December 4, 1S51. In October. 1874. he married Mi's Jane Ambuul, a native of Roseland, Cook Co., III. They have have two children - John and Nellie. They are members of the Dutch Reformed Church.

HENRY R. DE YOUNG, firm of Maddcrom & De Yontig. who keep a general paint s;orc and ileal in everything pertaining to the business, besides glass, wall paper, window shades, etc. He came to Chicago June 23. 1566. when he engaged in (tainting, and continued the trade there until he came to Roseland. He was born in Netherlind, Holland, October 24, 1S43. In his native country he was a sailor by occupation. In 1873 he married Miss P. Madderom. who was born in Holland September 8, 1852. They have three children - Richard. Nicholas and John. They are memliers of the Dutch Rr'nrmed Church of Roseland.

JOHN K. DICKSON, proprietor lis-ery stable*, was born in Chatham County, Ga., January 21, 1S42, and was raised near Savannah. During the last two years of the war he was employ d in the Ouartermaster department. He followed farming a number of years, and then came to Chicago in iSSo, where he was conductor on the street cars until he came to Roseland, March 5, 1883. Mr. Dickson married. November 16. 1875. Miss Grace G. Elwood. of Florence Township. Will Co., III. They have two children. Sarah File n and Louts Elizibcth. He is a member of Wilmington lyodee. No. 301, I. O. O. F., of Wilmington, 111.

Iowa* bom at La l'orte, Ind., April 5, 1S46, and was educated at Hillsdale. Mich., and Chicago University. In 1S69 he graduated from the medical department of the Michigan University. Previous to that he had practiced medicine at Marengo, 111. Alter graduating at Ann Arbor he located at Roseland, Cook County, where he has since practiced his profession. He is a member of the Masonic Order, and in 1876 was Township Trustee of Hyde Park. He has always been identified in improvements of the township, and helped obtain the first appropriation for street improvements. He was married in 187(1. and has one daughter.

ISAAC KOMMERS. blacksmith, came to Chicago in 1S65. and has since followed blacksmithing at Roseland. He was born in Holland August II, 1840. and came with his parents to the United States in 1848. The family settled at Franklin. Wis., near Milwaukee. They were poor, and theie was very little or no money in the country. Their produce could be sold only to the immigrants, and they were obliged to trade and traffic arnund in various ways to obtain a livelihood. Rabbits, quails, and grouse afforded the only meat food for a number of years. Their nearest flour mill was twenty miles off. The >oil was rich and productive, and a few years of toil put those hardy pioneers in better circumstances. Mr. Kommers was raised a blacksmith. In 1S68 he married Miss Cornelia Prince. They had two children, Jorina and Elizabeth. His wife died in lB7i,and in 1872 he mairied Frances Vandeiberg, a native of Holland. They had lour children- Isaac. Jr., Nellie, Mary and Jane. They are members of the Dutch Reformed Church.

CORNELIUS KUYPER, farmer. P. O. Roseland, came to his place near Roseland in June, 1649, when there was only one family settled there. He began farming and has since followed that occupation. He was the first store-keeper between Blue Island and Chicago, running his store from 1850 to 1854. lie has served as road commissioner five years, school director twenty-two years, constable seven years, and also served on the police force. Mr. Kuyper was born in Netherlands, Europe. February 13. 1S16. In his native country he was a general laborer. In May. 1840. he was married to Miss Mary Dalenberg. a native of the same place. They had fourteen children, lour of whom died with cholera in crossing the Atlantic Ocean on their trip to America. The children now living are Jacob, Cornelius, Jr., Mary. Nellie, and Annie. They are members of the Dutch Reformed Church. Mrs. Kuyper died April 13. lite,

JOHN MADDF.ROM. firm of Maddcrom * De Young, dealers in paints, oils, glass, wall paper, and window shades. They embarked in trade in the spring of 1874. His parents settled in Roseland. then called the Holland settlement, in 1S53. He was born in Holland. September 2, 1843, coming to the United States in 1853. In 1867 he married Miss Mary C. Vanderbuig. a native of Hoi and. They have five children - Katie, Garret, Nicholas, Minnie, and John. Jr. They are members of the Dutch Reformed Church of Roseland. In October. l86t. he enlisted in Company F, sSth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and participated in all the battles of his command, and was mustered out in November. lS6«. He is a member of the Roseland Fire Company.

GERRIT OTTO, dealer in furniture and bedding, embarked in trade May I, 1SS1. He came to Chicago in 1S56. where he was raised and educated. He was born in Holland October 3, 1843, and came to the United States with his parents in 1S56. In 1S66 he was married to Miss Gertrude Vermenlcn, a native of Holland. They have five children - Mary W.. Nellie S.. Hattie. Lizzie, D. R. and Katie. He is a member of Pullman Lodge. No. 763. I. O. 0. F. In 1864-65 he taught the Roseland public school, a term of one year. He was two years a student of Hope College, of Holland. Ottawa Co., Mich.

ELIJAH A. PIERCE, grocer, embarked in business October 22, 1S83, He was in the employ of the Pullman Palace Car Company June 29, 1881, one year; then book-keeper and cashier for W. O. Sutherland Sc Co. eight months, after which he took charge of their branch store at North Pullman until he began business for himself. He was born in Ashtabula County, Ohio, January 31, 1S49, and was there raised and educated. He was engaged in the mercantile business in Iroquois County, III., from 1874 to 1BS0; then in Tuscola, Douglas Co., until coming to Cook County. Mr Pierce is a member of Pullman Lodge, No. 716, I. O. O. F. ; and Calumet I-odge, No. 215, A. O. U. W. October 26. 1 88 1, he married Miss Kate Curtis, of Oakland, Coles Co., 111. They have one son. Fredrick Sterling. Mr, and Mrs. Pierce are members of the M. E. Church.

PETER PRINCE, firm of Prince & Midder, dealers in fl iur, grain, hay. coal and feed, began trade in the spring of 1SS3. He was bom in Roseland, Conk County. December 6. l8;2. His parents settled at Roseland in 1849. In 187; he married Miss Delia Martha, a native of Holland. They have five children- Jennie, Benjamin, lozina. Cornelia Nellie and Maitha. They are members of Ihe American (or Dutch) Reformed Church.

business life he has been engaged in keeping hotel ; coming to Roseland May [, 1SS3. and erecting his hotel. In tB&o he wa> censua enumerator of Ross Town. Lake Co , lnd. October 24. 18S0. he married Miss Etma lleemer. of Hobart, I .ake Co.. Ind. Mi. Richardson is a membtr ol McClelland Lodge, No. 357, A. F, & A. Mm of the latter place.

PETER SONNEVELD, manufacturer of cigars and tobacco, employs from four to eight men in the business. He came to Chicago in November. 1SS1, and has since been engaged in the above business. He was born in Netherland, Holland, September 24. iBfjl, and came to the United States in 1876, and settled in Patcrson. N. J., engaging in the manufacture of cigars until he came to Chicago.

HIKAM VANDERBELT, dealer in general merchandise, flour and feed, began trade May I, 1864- He came to Chicago in 1S47 and worked at urWding lumber from vessels and in lumber vards until the spring of 184s. He then began working as roller hoy on the Prairie Herald printing picss, the first hand power presa brought to Chicago. Allerward he worked in the Western Chief office, then in the Democrat office until 1859. when he opened a small grocery store ; May 1, 1S64, he moved to Rowland and began trade. lie was born in Netherlands, Holland, October 8, 1831, and came to America in 1S47. I" 1860 h* married Miw Johanna Maria De Roo, of Keokuk, Iowa. They have four childred - Johanna. Jane, Cornelius, John and Luke J. (by i former marriage). They are members of the Dutch Reformed Church. Mr. Vanderhell has -.flieiated as Town and Village Tan Collector and Town Trustee. He is now president of the Calumet llible Society, and deacon of the Church.

PETER VANDERBILT. dealer in hardware, stoves, etc., embarked in the businei* in April. 1SS1. He was born in South Holland, Cook Co , III., May 20, 18513. and was raiied and edu cated in his native county. In Januarv. 15S1, he married Miss Mary Krcar, of Ch-cago.

PHILIP VAN N1EUWEI.AND, farmer. Section 10. P. O. Rowland, came to Chicago in 1849, and followed blacksmtlhing sin yean. In 1855 he emigrated to l'ella, Iowa, and pursued his trade until 1873, when he returned to Cook County and located at Roseland. where had since followed agricultural pursuits, and is now gardening at Fifty firit Street. He was born in Holland June 22, 1821, and was raised a blacksmith. In 1S51 he married Miss Aaltje II off. born in Holland March 25, 1831. They have ten children - John, now engaged in the Detroit Stove Works, Alida. Annie, Lena, Elizabeth. Jacob, Joseph, Ida, Mary and Sarah. Thev are members of the" Reformed Church of Roseland.

ARTHUR VAN VL1SSINGEN. is of the firm of J. H. Van Vlis. singen & Bro., Chicago, with branch office at Rowland. They keep a real estate, fire insurance and loan office. Arthur came toChicago in 1873 and was engaged in an abslrait office, until the spring of 1 88 1, when he embarked with his brother in the above business. He was born in Holland December 7, 1855, was raised there and educated as an engineer in the navy department, serving three years. October 2, 1883, he married Miss Sophia E. Levering a native of Louisville, Ky. James H.. his brother, came to Chicago in 1872.

DIRK VAN VUMREN, farmer, Section 10, P. O. Roseland, settled at South Holland, Cook County, in 1 847. with his parents; his father's name being Roel Van Vumrcn. The winter of 1S47-48 was very severe, and the snow was very deep and crusted so hard that teams could be driven on it. M r. D. Van Vumren was born in South Holland September 12, 1834, whence he emigrated with his parent!, to the United States in 1847. December 3, 1S54, he married Miss Maartje De Young, a native of North Holland, born April 25, 1835. They have eight children - Margaret, Gertie, Rolland, Jr., Katie, Maggie, Gertrude, Anna and Jacob. They are members of the Reformed Church of Roseland, of which he has bem deacon eleven years. Mrs. Van Vumren's parents came tc Roseland in 1B4S.

JOHN VI NKE, policeman, was born in Thornton Township, Cook Co., Ill, August ig. 1854. He was raised on a farm and educated in his native county. His father is a farmer. He worked in the transfer yards of the M. C. R. R. about five years, at Kensington, and became a member of the police fnrce in 1&79. In 1881 he married Mrs. Mary Cole, a native of New York State. They have four children - Gertrude. Mamie, Garrett and Albert.

Pullman

Pullman is a sermon in bricks and mortar on the humane and considerate treatment of emploves; a dialectic statue to the efficacy of moral government.

The infinitude of tracery on the cathedral at Cologne is poetically described as "frozen music;" Pullman may be prosaically designated as a corporate, architectural realization of belief in the good dominating human nature. It has been quite fashionable for writers to characterize this city as the creation of a magician, the work of Aladdin, etc.; no genii save foresight, admirable common sense, marvelous executive ability and rare conception of the application of details were summoned to create Pullman ; no Aladdin save George M. Pullman* erected the citv, and in the brain of its creator evendetail had an existence ere its prototype was reproduced in material form. Herein is the marvel of its construction that one man could create so perfect a city ; so complete in everv respect, and to characterize it as an A lad d in ic city is to belittle it ; as the "Arabian Nights" entertainments say nothing of sewerage facilities, nor of gas and hot anil cold water ; all of which are common to houses in Pullman. Looking at the city, realizing its perfection of minute arrangement, it is difficult to realize that the same mind planned the water-tower and the gas lamps, the town in its entirety and the manufacture of the bricks whereof it is constructed. And the Pullman brick are selected by the village of Hyde Park, with which to construct their tunnel under Lake Michigan. Of course, other minds have planned buildings, conceived machinery and imagined certain arrangements, but every petty detail has been matured by Mr. Pullman, hence' the town is essentially congruous and unique. The misanthropic mind only sees in this assemblage of buildings, a desire upon the part of the erector to care for the material wants of the workmen, to so ameliorate their condition that their work will he more cheerfully performed ; anil from the restful and hvgienic character of their habitations, their physical man will be mote lilted to cope with the specific tasks allotted each person. This, necessarily, must be cue factor in the considerations taken into account by the builder, as the Pullman Palace Car Company arc pro- ;.ri.-to-. the works wherein these lab. rcrs work, aw, Mr. Pullman is a keen man of business. But, in his care of, and consideration for, the needs of the workmen, he not onlv considers their physical wants but their mental requirements, and labors to make every workman the possessor of the human desideratum mens stttm in eorpore sauo. His town is a demonstration of a vexed question in ethics; an example that it is financially profitable for capital to consider the every clay want's of labor ; a crucial test, successfully underwent, testifying that, when humanity is possessed of wealth, capital and labor are no longer irrcconcileable antagonisms, but are allies; the closer the relations between whom, the more mutually beneficial the result. How earnestly Mr. Pullman worked to foster, or create, higher anil nobler thoughts and impulses in the inhabitants of Pullman only he, and the Deilv he served so well in his humanitarian project, know ; it is certain that had no consideration affected him save the desire to make his workmen more robust and healthv, there would have been no need to endnw a lihrarv w'ith five thousand volumes, nor to erect ami maintain an unremunerative first-class theater: nor to do everything that a man of far-reaching mind ami comprehensive intellect can do to adorn a prosaic wortca-dav life of his emploves with artistic beauty, hterarv excellence antl bountiful sunlight. Mr. Pullman does not consider his emploves as athletes, whom he hasjo

Carefully train for gladiatorial combats with tasks imposed by him ; but as thinking, reasoning, human fellow-creatures whose mental and bodily comfort and welfare it is his duty, his interest and his privilege to watch over and enhanc e. The town of Pullman is a fitting monument of nineteenth century Republicanism ; community of interest, exemplified in self-government without boards, conclaves or selectmen ; community of responsibility, manifest in the absence of courts, jails and policemen,* and community of egotistic interest - a very strong bond, in fact, and according to the philosophers of the l.a Rochefoucauld school - demonstrated by the premium of Pullman stock, and the eulogies of the workmen upon the advantages of their social ami domiciliary status, as compared with workmen elsewhere. The lesson will not be lost upon those who consider only the monetary advantages desirable for any action ; George M. Pullman has conclusively shown that philanthropy pays, and that a liberal supply of adjuncts to happy, healthy existence are more remunerative than tenement-houses, besides being decidedly more provocative of good citizenship. The man who keeps a tenement house, reeking with pestilence and suggestive of evil in every detestable cranny, is an enemy of ^.»>d government and a traitor to his kind. Marrvat uttered the truism : "A man will never commit a murder in a clean shirt ;" it requires pretty hard, persistent diabolism for a man to conjure up evil deeds, surrounded with cleanly, bright and pure influences, and these every man. woman and child has at Pullman. The Gospel according to St. Oxygen is freelv preached at Pullman, and before these doctrines squalor departs, into metaphorical or actual swine, and runs into the sea.

The town is situated upon the west bank of the Calumet Lake, and extends from the lake to Pullman Boulevard, and from One Hundred and Third Street to ( »ne i I mdred and r ft> i nl h StTO I It is ocated partly on lands belonging to the Pullman l and Association and to the Palai u I V r Company. 'I he surface at its lowest point is eight feet above the level of the lake, and augments in height toward the north and west until, at some points, it is twenty-five feet above the lake. The soil is blue-drift clay, about ninety feel thick, beneath which is Niagara limestone. On May 26, 1880. the first laborers commenced work ; and an interesting lot of navigators they were. In excavations for large works, where hundreds of laborers are congregated, there are usually numbers of exceedingly indurated citizens, and the" Hotel De Grab" of Pullman was no exception. This was a roughly constructed frame building, where the laborers took their meals, and received its elegant cognomen from the system whereby its habitues helped themselves to the uncostly viands provided there. About one hundred and fifty Of the workmen slept in old sleeping cars ; and used to put their clothes under their bodies, to try and preclude their theft ; but they were stolen. Nob'odv appeared to be especially minus any articles of apparel, but there was a constant rotation of vestments, indicative of a marvelous unanimity of pi 1 ulative sentiment. I'h< se pioneers were a -ie. ul ar class and the men who had suffered penalties of the law the most times for offenses, were the Solons of the mass. Hut after the excavating and filling was completed they passed away, and the reign of order commenced.

shops at St. Louis - February 38, 1SS1, there were eight families in Pullman, and June 1 of that year eighty families were resident of the town. At present - January, iHHj - the population is estimated at eight thousand. During 1S81, the following materials were used in the construction of the town, and from these figures some idea may be formed of the magnitude of the undertaking, wherein a city was built within ten months from the time the soil was first upturned to lay a foundation:* Brick, twenty-five million; slate' roofing five thousand squares; gravel roofing, three thousand squares : rubble, nine thousand five hundred cords lime, thirty-five thousand barrels ; lumber, ten million feet ; flooring laid, one million one hundred and twentyfive thousand feet ; cement, twenty-live thousand bags iron, fifteen hundred tons; sand, fifty-five thousand yards; glass, three hundred and fifty thousand superficial feet.f Statistics are always nice references, but what average person realizes the magnitude of the spaces filled by the materials above tabulated ? Sixtysix miles of glass ; three thousand one hundred and fifty-six miles of brick: laid end to end, sufficient to extend three-fourths of the distance across the United States at its widest part ; eighteen hundred and ninety four miles of lumber, and so forth. Just so inadequate as these figures are to describe volumes of buildings resulting from their employment, so is phraseology insufficient to convey a comprehensible description of Pullman. The station is just 13.96 miles from the Illinois Central depot at Chicago, and is a handsome building designed by S. S. licman, the architect of Pullman, There is no need for eulogy cither in the case of Mr. Beman, or of the landscape engineer, N. F. Barrett , their works speak most eloquently.

Immediately to the mirth of the depot is Lake Vista. The beauty of this ornamental water is great, and is the only feature of the town that appears without practical utility in addition to its optical charm. Has it no use ' The great Corliss engine uses a vast amount of steam, and condenses a great deal of water. Where does the exhaust empty' Into Lake Vista ; and this apparently useless, but pretty sheet of water, is fed by the waste condensed water from the Corliss engine. The reflection induced is. that everything serves some good purpose in the economy of Pullman, and it does.

Immediately east of the depot is the Hotel Florence, of which hostelry- I». G. Wells is the superintendent. Here one hundred guests can be accommodated, and one hundred and twenty-five can comfortably partake of the fare in the dining-room. It received its name in honor of Miss Florence, the little daughter of George M. Pullman. The hotel is finished in cherry, is elegantly and tastefully constructed and decorated, and its guests include the haul ton of Pullman and Chicago.

Southeast from the hotel is the Pullman church, an elegant edifice of green serpentine stone - obtained in Pennsylvania - and in the construction of which church Mr. Beman introduced a novel arrangement of the parsonage, whereby it forms an integral part of the building and adds to the general effect. The edifice cost $57,000, and has a frontage of one hundred and sixteen feet bv a depth of one hundred feet. Its spire is one hundred and forty-six feet high. The auditorium will accommodate six hundred worshipers, and their vocalism will be enhanced bytheSa.5°o organ, built by Steer <V Turner at Springfield, Mass. The interior of the t The inanimate authorities consulted in the preparation of (his article are the Agricultural kevurw, January. 1801; The Western Manufacturer. November. |SS,. anil the Inter Ocean, NW Vear number of iSS5 ; nrticlc by KU-yn A.

church is finished in oak, highly polished, and the walls arc artistically treated in neutral tints until the Ceiling is reached, which is painted in representation of the firmament. In the south end of the church is a large rose-window "f chromatic glass. The clement of art was largely considered in the erection of Pullman, and in Ihe minor details ere the town became a reality; hence the existence of this church is comprehensible. It has been stated that Mr. Pullman had some idea that the various sects would unite and hold union services in the church; Pullman is an Arcadia, but nowhere this side of the New Jerusalem will sectional dogmatisms consent to an appearance of unity. The canine and the feline have lain down together without diminution of the hair or fur of either; but the consorting together of a Trinitarian and a Unitarian of their own volition, will not occur until the reveille of (iabriel shall have divested religionists of their little cloaks of creed, and they stand for judgment in their divine humanity alone. Hut the church -despite the rental necessary to be exacted on a primal cost of §57,000 - will not long be tcnantless of devotional inmates; it is merely a question of the growth of the city and the consequent accretion to one of the sects there, whose members are now debating the expediency of renting the building. This chtf-d'oeuvrc of ecclesiastical architecture is by S. S. Beman, as arc all the other buildings m Pullman, From church to congregation is but a step; and this is an opportunity to recount the various sects that worship in Pullman.

Religious - The first sermon preached in Pullman was on the last Sunday in November, i88i,by Rev. R. \V. Bland, a Methodist minister, and his congregation comprised seventy persons. The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized by him in the ensuing January, with nineteen members. The first Sunday-school organized in Pullman was that of the Methodists, of which William Betzel was the organizer in April, 1881; the school being composed of six scholars at the first meeting and twelve at the second. At the lime the Church was organized there were about sixty-five in the school. Rev. R. W. Bland continued in charge of the Church until the spring of '883, when he was succeeded by Rev.

F. W, Warnc. the present pastor. Messrs. Gordon and Charles Starkweather arc now class-leaders; the membership of the Church forty-five, the congregation one hundred and fifty, and the Sunday-school attendance one hundred. The first preaching services were held in the cast depot building, then used for school purposes, and the first Sunday-school was held in the attic of the main office over the arch; the services at present arc held in Room 60. Arcade Building.*

The organization of the Presbyterian Church of Pullman occurred August 13, 1883, with twenty-seven members, and a Sunday-school consisting of sixty scholars was constituted immediately thereafter. The elders were Dr. H. O. Rockwell, C. A. Dole and John McLean; and the deacons were Robert Rochester, M.

G. Holmes and Charles E. Aylin. These gentlemen constitute the present bodies of elders and deacons, with the addition of C. F. Swingle to the former, and D. T. Averill to the latter. The board of trustees are Dr. A. C. Rankin, president; Jesse Wardell, secretary and treasurer, and E. W. Henricks, W. H. Clayton, Robert Rochester, C. L. Whitcomb and C. A. Dole. The services have always been held in the Market Hall. The present pastor is Rev. D. S. McCaslin.f who assumed charge February t, 1883, previously to which the pulpit was filled by supplies. The present congregation has eighty members, and the Sunday-school furnishes religious 'instruction to about two hundred adults and Early in the summer of 1S82, meetings commenced to be held by the members of the Episcopal faith in the library room, Arcade Building ; and theology was supplied to them bv an occasional minister, who conducted services according to the ritual. These meetings were held with tolerable regularity and the average attendance at them was about sixty persons. In the spring of 1883, the Sunday-school was organized. The services are now held in the Casino Building, in a hall that is especially fitted up for ecclesiastical purposes, and has a seating capacity for two hundred worshipers. The attendance is about ninety, and the Sunday-school has about fifty pupils. The present vestrymen are T. S. lohnson and John I.. Woods * appointed by the Bishop of the Diocese. Rev. J. Rushton is the present incumbent, and has been a resident of Pullman since December 1, 1SS3. Now that All Saints Protestant Episcopal Mission of Pullman has a settled pastor, the prospects for its growth are very encouraging; as there are a great many residents who have a predilection for the Episcopalian form of worship, and who will attend the services when they are regularly held.

The Baptist congregation was organized on January i, 1882, with ten members. A union Sunday-school was being carried on at the time the congregation was organized ; and a Sunday-school pertaining to the Church was not organized until the May following. Rev. H. A. Nash was the first pastor ; the present pastor, Orson P. Bestor. having assumed charge on November 1, 18S2. Mr. Bestor conducted the Union services at Kciwngton until December 1, 1882, since which date they have been conducted by delegates fiom the Young Mens Christian Association. The congregation at present numbers about eightv. and the Sunday-school about one hundred. Services are held at Market Hall on Sunday morning and in Odd Fellows Hall in the evening. The present deacons are : N. W. Robinson. William H. |ovce and P. A. Peelman ; the church clerk is Doctor L' G. Bass, and William H. Joyce is superintendent of the Sunday-school.

A congregation of Swedish Baptists was organized on October 8, 1882, Rev. K. E. Gordh being in charge at the time. October 9. 1882, Mr. Gonlli died of typhoid fever, and Rev. Lundquist took charge^ The members at first numbered fifteen, and at present number about thirtv-five ; and the Sunday-school has an attendance of about forty. Services are held at the Chicago & Rock Island Railroad depot.

There are a large number of adherents of the wmolic faith in Pullman. Thev have a neat and commodious edifice outside the boundaries of Pullman ; and trie history of this Church will be found in the article descriptive of Roseland, within the boundaries of wli.cn hamlet the church is situated. , , .... -

The Arcade. - Immediately south of the Winn*. Central Railroad depot is the Arcade Bu.ldmg. within whose comprehcns.ve walls are twenty-eight theater, lodge-rooms, bank, bath-rooms, offices, llWWy and post-office. The idea of having a large number H distinct industries, or separate sales-places, under one roof is not novel, and can be seen exemplified m 11 bazaars of the East, the Bon Marchc at Pans, and ««- Burlington and Lowther Arcades at London ; but me arrangement and adaptation as at Pullman is deculcfli} unique and excellent. .

with N. F. Van Winkle 8S Postmaster. He is still the occupant of that office, and has for his assistants Alma Woodward, registry clerk, and Albert Sorgenfrev, assistant distributing clerk. The office is one of domestic money order and registry, and four mails each way are received and dispatched daily.

The Public J.iiikarv. - On April to, 1883, George M. Pullman presented the town of Pullman with a library ; the account given in the Chicago Tribune of April 12 is accurate: and, containing the dedicatory document of Mr. Pullman and the speech of the American Demosthenes - David Swing - says all that is pcrtinent or germane to the occasion. The article is as follows :

" Notwithstanding the bad weather, a large number of Chicago people went on the special train that left here at seven o'clock Tuesday evening to attend the dedication of the new public library at Pullman, and the entertainment given at the Arcade Theater for the benefit of the library fund. The theater contained a large and brilliant assemblage, and seated in the private boxes were Mr. Oeorge M. Pullman, Mr. ami Mrs. C. M. Henderson, Mr. and Mrs. W. W. Kimball, Mr. ami Mrs. John M. Clark, Mr. and Mrs. W. K. Ackcrman, Mrs. H. O. Stone. Mrs. F. I.. Fake, Judge I-ochranc, General Anson Stager, Mr. Ilcnoni Lockwood. Mr. J. W. Doane. Mr. C. Rand, Mr. John Raper, Mr. Robert Caird, Mr. Robert Harry, and Mr. Oeorge F. Brown.

" Professor Swing opened the dedicatory exercises by reading from the stage a document signed by Mr. Pullman making the conveyance of a long list of books, periodicals, etc. - in number live thousand one hundred - to the Pullman Public Library, as follows :

" I, Ik-nrge M. Pullman, of fhiiago. Cook Co., 111., in consideration of the fact thai the moral anil intellectual growth of any community promotes and alliances mil only all of its material intereMs, but all the form" of human welfare, ilo hereby gi\e, grant, transfer, and set over unto the Pullman Public Library, a corporation created anil existing under ami liv virtue of the laws of the State of Illinois, the following-named book", publications, and periodicals, to wit : I Hen- comes the I i - t of li<mks. | To have and to hold the same unto the said I'ullman Public Library and its successors forever.

'''The town of Pullman possesses an interest above and beyond that of rail-cars and wheels. It stands related to the question how cities should be built anil in general how man should live. Young as this village is it is answering rapidly some inquiries over which wise men have pondered from Plato to Robert Owen.

"'The first enemy of Chicago lay in the fact that it was for years unexpected. There were no capitalists or philanthropists present fifty years ago to foresee and shape its future. Instead of rising up out of any creative thought it came together as a bunch of oysters form on a rock, or with that mixture of shell, and mud, and seaweed With which barnacles form on the bottom of a ship. Chicago grew like a modern woman's crazy quilt As a final result the harbor for ships is all over town, everv wagon am! every footman is slopped by a bridge, the railway stations are in all parts of the corporation, the slreets are paved to-day to be torn up to-morrow for a gas-pipe, repaved to be disturbed for a water-main, repaved to be torn up for a sewer, repaved once more in time for the City Surveyor to come along and raise the whole grade.

the man anxious for his Sunday-morning drink now walk together, thus making the stranger from the rural district uncertain whether the crowd is moving toward a free-lunch or a sanctuary. The architectural plans are a continuation of the discord. A line stone residence-often enjoys the presence of a grocery on its right-hand and a (rood -yard on its left; in front of it is the police-station; on its rear a smoking factory. Nor is there a front line which determines how far the residents upon a certain street shall or may come forward witli their brick and mortar. Much is left to the will of one's neighlxir, ami when ten men have agreed upon having front yards the eleventh man agrees to have no front yard, antl he builds out to the sidewalk, and goes to the country for flowers and grass.

"' This new town of Pullman illustrates the value of thought and taste in the building of a city or village. Could Chicago only have foreseen itself and have passed into the hands of some master-mind or building committee or corporation in 1835, it would now surpass in neatness, and wealth, and beauty, Paris or Brussels. Its want of plan has been an expensive fact, since it has made the work of destruction as constant as that of construction. It stands for all the great cities of the land.

-- -Coming out to Pullman to-night a sense of harmony conies to all our hearts. Kach detail is in its proper place and proper proportion. The buildings for labor are not joined to the fireside. Home, and shop, and church, and opera-house, and library, and railway-station are where each should be, and. instead of making a discord, they verify to the full the definition of him who said that "architecture is frozen music." Here the stores are as numerous as the population demands; the churches pay some regartl to the number of souls which need transportation from sin to goodness; the theater is adapted to the number of those who need hours of laughter and sentiment; the library fits the community as neatly as the glove the hand of' the lady; even (hat strange invention of man in his estate of sin and misery - "the saloon" - is subjected here to the eternal fitness of things, and inasmuch as a community however large needs no saloon at all, that is the number laid out by the thoughtful architect and built by the company. It receives its due proportion of time and money.

"- Hut the material symmetry of this nesveity is only the outward emblem of a moral unity among the inhabitants. It has been long known that unity is not an endless repetition of all qualities, not a perfect sameness, but it is a resemblance in some great particulars. Unity is a common bond of interest and feeling - a bond great enough to hold men together, but not strong enough to cramp human nature in any of its honorable departments. The Brook Farm was based upon certain Contortions of human nature. The members of that community had to think alike and believe alike, and had the organization been able to survive the strain of wounded manhood it would have produced a group of machines. It was an effort to make a thousand persons resemble each other just as a thousand plaster casts of Garfield or Lincoln look like the first image taken from the mold. The Brook Farm was literally blown to pieces by the explosive elements in different souls. Kach member returned to Boston or his native town to find personal identity once more. He or she longed to be self again. The experiment at New Harmony, Ind., under the lead of Robert Owen, was based upon an assumed identity of men. It hastened to its end.

stract philosophy or socialism like that of Brook Farm or New Harmony, but it is common sense of the highest and best order. ' Industry, and economy, and comfort are the foundation stones of this latest and wisest experiment. Under the new Rugby of Tennessee there ties no well-defined industry and no form of economy. The population is part idler, part dreamer, part laborer, part wise, and part foolish. No better foundations can be laid than those under the town of Pullman - industry, sobriety, economy. Here exists for each family a visible means of support. Industry will always surpass philosophy as the basis of welfare. It was the bane of the middle ages that they had more philosophy than science, more thought than work, more premises and conclusions than plows and engines and wheels. The greatest men discussed the next world - the poorer classes starved to death rapidly in this. Learned men examined into the nature of the soul whilc*their women plowed the ground with a crooked stick. Wise is the age that bases socictv upon industry and economy and unrightness of life. Abstract thought is good for souls that have no body.

'" It is asked whether these companies can endure the taxation such comforts for the workmen bring. Yes, where a company earns a surplus it may, and generally must put away large sums where only a lower rate of interest must be expected. English surplus sums yield three or four per cent. To employ extra capital in building decent villages for humanity is as wise as it is new and beautiful. A great railway magnate put away $60,000,000 in four per cent bonds because he did not know of such a thing as building towns for the people. Hut a man's mind or heart is eclipsed when he can put his surplus into Government bonds. To have interest coming in from a vault should make a man feel related to a grave-yard. Government bonds should all be held by orphans, and widows, and invalids, and servants. The full-grown man would rather have his money out where the sun can shine on it, and where some one can sit down in it or by it. Give me a handful of four per cents and a pair of scissors and I will buy Texas land where the :rees, and grass, and grains, and cattle will do to look at while they are making money. One of the humiliating spectacles of the age is to see a full-grown man cutting coupons off of a bond. Better far have an opera-house, or a ship, or a village. Money in a bond is the end of all thought and sentiment. It is to be ho|>ed 110 Chicago capitalist will ever mentally sink to the level of a United States bond. Four per cent cottages are a nobler investment.

" - As a second partial answer it may be said that beauty does not cost much more than deformity. Houses built by a wise architect cost no more than houses built by a simpleton. A neat, good house will go ten years without repair. Houses built on a line cost 110 more than houses built on the crazyouilt plan. It is not more expensive to have five hundred persons go to one church than to have them go to ten different churches. No money is saved by having a church surrounded by wood piles or livery stables. A house with a few flowers in front will rent as well as though it had a ton of garbage and ashes at its doorstep. The stores in the arcade are just as profitable and pleasant as they would be were the mud six inches deep in front of them and your umbrella inverted by the wind. Except in parts of Chicago the lime has passed by for having the pig-pen in front of the house. No money is lost by leading the pig to the rear.

no persuading in that direction. " Dirt is expensive." It will not bring the money and happiness cleanliness and beauty will bring. A thing of beauty is not only a joy forever, but it is a perpetual income. ' All harmony and symmetry and unity are conservative. If the wheel of a "car or locomotive does not ran truly, the axle heats, and will, if let alone, burn up the train. Nature hates discords. When the wheels of a city government rim falsely, the car of progress must stop. The harmony of this town will be its source of wealth, and health, and happiness.

"'The beautiful library-room with its five thousand volumes is one more detail in this collection of things useful and noble. Can a business firm afford to furnish libraries for artisans ? There are two answers to this inquiry. Yes, great employers can afford to be kind to their men. They cannot afford to build up self at the cost of the workmen. The happiness of the workmen will in a higher state of society make up the happiness of the employers. I'eter Cooper took care of his men when the days were cloudy ; A. T. Stewart ground his to powder when even the days were bright. This is the general answer, but in this particular case which calls us here to-night, the five thousand volumes came from George M, Pullman himself. What a country shall we have when such an example shall be imitated in all parts of the land ! There is nothing inexplicable or mysterious in the gold thus applied by the founder of this library ; but should this gentleman give a Yanderbilt ball we might well be amazed, for there a hundred thousand dollars, less or more, were lavished upon the last point between something and nothing. All the scenes were as transient as the flowers of the evening. Such pageants should come but rarely into our world ; and indeed they are fading away. They were frequent in Rome in times of war and plunder, but, as reason advances, such applications of money and labor decline. We hope the rich men of the West will always prefer libraries, and parks, and drives, and lakes, and music-temples, and even good theaters to the perishable display of a ball-room.

'"These remarks must here end to make room for an hour of more interest. As a clergyman I have in former years hel|>ed dedicate churches to the worship of the Infinite Father. Our task to-night is similar in import. A library of good books is almost as sacred as a sanctuary. Here the mind and heart will be allured away from sin and temptation. Here in half-hours away from the noise of wheels, and amid pure and beautiful associations, the reader will soon feel the greatness of the world and of man, and will reach some realization of the duties and even glory of life. The gentleman who gave these volumes, and who has been the soul of this new alliance between capital and labor, has among the many good works of his life clone no one act more useful or attractive than this last act recorded in these manv books. I thank hitn. not Only in the name of the grateful citizens of Pullman, but in the name of those good and kind beings in the outer circle who love to sec the unfolding leaves and blossoms of a better civilization.' "

The address was received with continuous applause and laughter. At its conclusion the Pullman Amateur Dramatic Club gave a sparkling little comedy, entitled " The Two Roses," in a manner creditable to novices in the dramatic art.

Between the acts the library was visited and admired by the greater portion of the audience. It is on the second floor of the Arcade Building, the main entrance being through large folding-doors from the gallery, traversing the interior of the arcade. The library proper is forty-two by sixty feet in dimensions, with three retiring-rooms for ladies and one for gentlemen. The architectural design is ancient Roman, and the woodwork is of unique pattern. The walls are beautifully frescoed in peacock colors and marine blue and gold, with a fancifully-designed frieze ornamentation. The floors are richly carpeted with costly Axminster velvet and plush. Along the sides of the main room are eleven double book-cases of tastefully-carved cherry, which contain 5,100 carefully-selected volumes. Ventilation and lighting have lioth been carefully looked after, a large skylight affording ample light.

Mrs. Lucy U. Fake has been appointed secretary and librarian, and the directors and advisory committee are as follows: George M. Pullman, George ('. Clarke, Norman Williams, J. I.. Woods, John Christiansen, D. R. Martin, S. S. Beman, John McLean. Hcnrv Yogt, R. N. Caslin, J. P. Hopkins, O. P. Hestor, Mrs. George M. Pullman, Mrs. A. Rapp, ami Mrs. K. W. Henricks. The library, in its appointments and the beauty of its embellishment, is as elegant as though it were an appurtenance of the mansion of a millionaire of cultivated taste and excellent judgment. It is a revelation to the workingman, anil a potent cultivator of the love of the beautiful in the minds of those whose lives arc - or were before their habitation of Pullman, a sordid battle for existence. Not an elegantly bound volume but speaks to the appreciative heart of the workman: not a costly fauteuil but demonstrates that this luxury is for him: and that he, the grimy wage-worker, is conceded to possess sufficient artistic and literary appreciation and cultivation to properly estimate the comforts and elegancies thus provided. And when a man is accredited with the possession of a virtue, he is always imbued with a wish to justify that supposititious or actual investment. A verification of this is found in the Pullman Library. On entering, the visitor is struck with the total absence of those obtrusive signs whose mandates imply the belief of an impossibility of a visitor's decent behavior, without full instructions how to do so; forbidding expectoration on the carpet ; removing one's hat. etc., etc. Thus a tacit appeal is made to the gentlemanly behavior of the visitor, and it is carefully, yes, religiously, responded to. The writer asked Mrs. Fake whether any outrages of etiquette were common ; the librarian replied, "there are none; the men who visit the library, among whom are a large number of workingmcn, arc all gentlemen; they lake off their hats and use the cuspidors and conduct themselves toward me with a gentle courtesy worthy of a Bayard. In nine months only one ftiu.x /><is was made, and that was by a man under the influence of liquor; he was asking for a book at the desk and furtively expectorated on the carpet." The librarian said also that this one instance worried her a good deal, because of the betrayal of the confidence, by this individual, reposed in the inhabitants of Pullman' by the directors of the library. Mrs Fake certainly is'an optimist on the subject of the chivalry of the average man; she tells with pride of the little courtesies she receives from the workmen, and their pride and care of the library. It was suggested that perhaps the Pullman workmen might be an exceptional class ; but this is hardly a reasonable presumption, as thirty-five hundred men would prolwbly include all kinds and descriptions of men, especially when there are so many transients among them. The cause is simplv as staled ; the visitors to the library find there a lady, and their own gentlemanly instincts appealed to; the consequence is that their chivalry responds to the trustful appeal. The Pullman Library is a homily upon the successful method of treating American workmen, and the solitary policeman, who enjoys a sinecure, pacing the streets of the town, is an exemplification of George M. Pullman's method of applying the precepts of the homily. " Treat a man as you want to find him," appears to be the motto of Pullman, and its inhabitants are found to be the most orderly, well-regulated and law-abiding of any town upon the continent. The resident agent of the Pullman Company who has charge of the town is L. W. Henricks, who is' also clerk of the village of Hyde Park.

The officers of the Pullman Loan and Savings Hank are: George M. Pullman, president; W, A. Lincoln, secretary, and John B. Shea, teller. The business of the bank is principally local, and its establishment was principally to provide a place, easy of access, for the workmen to deposit their savings, and, by its mere existence, be an incentive to them to be frugal and provident. The capital stock of the bank is §100,000.

The lodge-room is commodious, elegant and perfectly adapted to the purpose for which it is designed. This peculiarity is one of the architec tural features of the city; taste and elegance are displayed, but notwithstanding which the adaptability of the structure to the use for which it is destined is "particularly observable. Elegance and practicability are usually opposites. The various orders at present in Pullman are represented by the following lodges:

Crescent Lodge, Knights of Honor, was instituted and officered, in January, 1884, by I). L. Carmichael, grand dictator, assisted by I'.. C. Scovel, deputy grand dictator. The following officers were installed: Jesse Wardell, dictator; G. H. Peterman, vice-dictator; R. H. Harold, assistant dictator: J. W. Simpson, reporter; George Strange, financial reporter; Evan Roberts, treasurer; K. C. Rockwell, chaplain: B. II. Curtis, guide; S. J. Freed, guardian: John Moore, sentinel; John McLean, past dictator; Jesse Wardell, representative to Grand Lodge; L. G. Pass, Robert Rochester and Evan Roberts, trustees.

Palace Lodge. No. 765, A. F. & A. M., received its dispensation on November t, 1881, and was chartered on October 4, 1SS3, with the following charter members: Fred H. Brown, W. H. Hall, L H. Walker, W, H. Joyce, A. C. Rankin. Albert R, Barker, Thomas J. Owens. William H. Walsh, John Cannon, J. O. Brown. Wyman Perrv, John E. W. Campbell, Robert W. Scott. W. W. Nelson, Charles E. Avlin, I. M. late, J M. Taylor, D. P. Lanahan, D. R. Estell* lames A. Kerr, L H. Wilson, Andrew S. Gilso, Thomas Prentice, F. H. Secord, James R. Rcniif and T. S. Johnson. The first officers were: Fred. H. Brown, W. M ; W H Hall. S. W.j J. F. Ferguson, J. W ; A. C. Rankin, S.; W. H. Joyce, T.; A. (;. Reynolds, S. D.; W. S. Ellis, |.

Harmony Lodge, No. no, K. of p., was organized on September 10, iSSj, with seventeen charter members, and forty-two for the first rank. The first officers were: C. Bergman, P. C; E. Shcllgren, C. C; C. F. Rydberg. Y ('.; C. Svanson, P.; G. Johnson, M. of E.; J C Itergqvist. M. of F.: C. O. Ullin. K. of R. and S.; J. Ahlgren. M. A.; C. J. Sandstrom. I. G., and C J Johnson. O. (; The present officers are: F. Pcderson,

I. C: George Farm-man. C. C; John Linde, Y. C; HansOse. P.; Charles Bergcin. M of E.; Olof Peterson, M. of P.; Charles Lundgrcn.t K of R. and S - Christian Ose.M. A.; John Tolf, I. G , and 0. Anderson, (). G. The membership at present comprises one hundred and two Knights of Pythian chivalry

Pullman Choral Soc iety was organized in 18S2. It has about seventy-five members, and its practice is upon oratorios and No'vello's harmonic publications. During the autumn and winter the society usually gives enncerts. Its officers are: W. H, Cork, leader; E. Butcher, secretarv: H. O. Rockwell, treasurer; William Penrose, Daniel Martin, O. I.. Chadwick, J. W. Pae, J. N. Chadwick and W. J. Jacobs, business committee.

The Pullman Gun Club will shortly lie re-organized. Its present officers are. Directors: Christopher Barks president; Alfred B. Elwes. secretary; James E. Murphy, treasurer: Frank Anderson and W. Gray.

"Pride of Pullman," and is thus described: Located above the first floor, the approach to the theater is by a magnificently carved white ash stairway, the tiesigns of colonnades, balustrades and newels being very elaborately and artistically executed. The upper landing consists of a broad and spacious vestibule lighted by handsome Newell chandeliers. Against its north wall stands a series of large mirrors reflecting the scene of the entire vestibule, and the great arched doorway of heavily carved white ash opening into the pretty little foyer beyond, from which is gained an unobstructed view of the beautiful auditorium and general interior of the theater. To the right and left of the foyer have been arranged two daintily appointed little dressing moms for ladies and gentlemen respectively. On entering the auditorium, the eye is at once struck with the rich and harmonious blending of color, the peculiarity of the architecture and the beauty and uniformity of the whole interior arrangement. A snug, cosy effect has been obtained without any suggestion of inefficiency or closeness, while a full view may be had from every scat in the house. The prevailing color of the woodwork of the auditorium is dark mahogany, embellished by gilding. This grave effect is lightened, however, by the artistically tinted walls, which diffuse an air of light and cheerfulness, rendering.! soft outline to the carvings of the darker wood-work and thiis robbing them of their sombreness. They are hand-pair.tcd and stenciled in oil, the body color being a rich purple, and gradually verging delicate rose and dove color as it approaches the frieze. The design, though clinging to the hexagonal, is not distinctly apparent, but seems rather the outgrowth of varying fancy, while it does not lack in artistic blending and delicate execution - blue, olive, orange, bronze and rose, are so artistically introduced and perfectly blended, that there is nowhere apparent the offense of tawdrv decoration or lla.shy excess. 1 he frieze is charmiiiglv executed, being floral 111 design. The ceiling is tastefullv embellished with lavender and silver; in its center ri;cs a huge, stained-glass skylight, from which depends a magnificent bronze chandelier of somewhat elaborate though tasty design, and although presenting the appearance of exceeding ponderosity, it is really possessed of hut little weight. The rail and balcony trimmings of the house are of dark crimson and maroon; the opera chain are folding, with crimson plush backs and leather seals. The door is covered with a body Brussels carpet, which in color and design is in keeping with that of the general interior. Those features, however, which give to the house its quaint and beautiful appearance, are the boxes, the proscenium and drop curtain, which are gems in coloring, design and execution. The boxes are exceedingly novel and striking in design, being decidedly Moresque in style, with many little domes, minarets and spherical ornaments, and number live on each side. They also are arranged so that the five on each side may be thrown into one, to accommodate large parties. ' The main boxes are surmounted by a pagoda arrangement, while the single box next to the proscenium is a projecting balcony, distinct and apart from the remainder of the group. The woodwork of these boxes is of a rich, dark mahogany, relieved by gilding, a prominent part of which is at various points a gilded basket-work design, which is very pleasing in effect. The arch of the proscenium square is obtained by this gilding. Rich curtains of blue and maroon raw silk, laced with gold thread, shade the lower Ixixes, while from the upper boxes hang very heavy embossed olive velvets, presenting an tntemble indescribably rich and elegant. The proscenium and first side sets are most admirably executed in design and color, and while in thorough keeping with the arrangement of the whole interior, form a soft and lilting framework for the drop curtain, which excels in every particular any other in the country, The scene is taken from the Orient, and depicts a Moresque balcony with elaborately carved colonnades running into graceful arches as they approach the cupola. Upon the polished floor stands an empty chair, of Moorish design, over one arm of which has been carelessly thrown a crimson robe, while near it is a delicate ebony stand hung with slender gold chains and supporting an incense chalice of gold; beyond gleams the blue water of the Hosphorus, while still farther in the distance rise the turrets and spires of a Byzantine town; drawn back from the scene as side drapings, by slender cords of gold, are represented heavy curtains of old gold merged into a border of rich, dark green, heavily fringed with gold. The perspective is simply perfect, the color is rich anil warm, and the execution most delicate and accurate in detail and entirety. Mr. Hughson Hawley. of the Madison Square Theater of New York City, designed the drop curtain, and the chromatic effect of the entire auditorium. The stage is a model of smooth working, and the properties are arranged with a view to convenience and rapid handling. The latest improvements in stage apparatus have been adopted in detail, and a perfect system of electric and gas apparatus reaches every part of the theater. The dressing-rooms are gems of neatness and convenience of arrangement, while the orchestra is equal to that of any other theater. This beautiful temple of dramatic art was erected at a cost of §35,000. exclusive of the walls, which arc a part of the Arcade Building. The theater has a seating capacity of one thousand, and is minutely provided with every appurtenance for the extinguishing of tire, and amply furnished with means of exit for the audience in case of a conflagration. Mr. I'ullman retains, through his stage and dramatic business manager, direct and personal control of the management of the house, and censorship of the plays whose production may be there contemplated.

At 8:30 p. M. the audience was seated anil the curtain rose, displaying George M. Pullman in the center ; on his right were Stewart L. Woodford, Marshall Field, Lyman 'Trumbull, Norman Williams. C. B. Farwell, (>. W. Potter, T. B. Blackstone, N. K. Fairbank and J. Russell Jones ; while on the left of Mr. Pullman were Philip II. Sheridan. John Crerar, Lyman J. Gage. J.W. Doane, David Swing, O. A. Lochrane, Bdson Keith, and B. H. Campbell. Mr. Pullman stepped to the front of the stage and said :

" Ladies and gentlemen ; In behalf of my associates and myself, I desire to say. that wc feel extremely gratified by the presence of' this large audience, com- prising so many distinguished people, assembled in honor of this opening. I am very happy to announce the presence with us to-night of a gentleman of national reputation, who has generously consented to make a brief address upon topics suggested by this occasion. It affords me great pleasure to introduce to you the Honorable Stewart I.. Woodford, of New York."

-- Ladies axi> GextlkMKM: Entire frankness is, I am sure, the best policy for me to night. Although our generous host asked me to come a thousand miles to be with you at this christening of a city, I was still very glad to accept. 1 hud read much of 1'ullnian; I had heard much of its purpose; and I wanted to know something of the method and scope of what was being done here. I wished to see and study it for myself, with my own eyes, and on the spot I fancied that a few candid, earnest words of sympathy, and good wishes, might justify my being here.

" Hut I have found so much more than I had hoped to find; so much more has been done than I had expected; so much more is here than I had even dreamed possible, that I must frankly say, had I formed any just idea of what Pullman really is, I would not have conic, but should have left these words of welcome and of benediction to be spoken by some one else more fitly.

-' It was Sunday when I reached this factory-town. I strolled through its streets and by its shops; into its church, arcade and library. All was quiet, orderly and restful. Yesterday 1 came again. The town was then at work; it was full of labor; full of energy; rich in accomplished results; richer far in the prophecy of a sure future.

"It is just possible that you who come to-night as visitors from Chicago; that even you who live and work here, and arc thus most familiar with its form, have not as yet comprehended what this town of Pullman really is and what it really means. Pardon such frank speaking. Hut right under your eyes there is being worked out a sum in practical business and in business-like liberality, which, if successful, is to demonstrate the money value of the golden rule. To me Pullman proves, in hard, practical dollars and cents, that it pavs to iove your neighbor as yourself. I stepped from the cars. Beauty, grace, art met me on every hand. I had seen landscape gardening elsewhere. Here was also architectural gardening. Eye and taste were at once content and glad.

"I went into the great workshops, and. to! beauty was subordinate to use. There was order, there was symmetry, there was honest labor efficiently at work. I his is the marvel of organizing genius - to create and use great power, and yet never to forget the necessity and utility and beauty of perfect acc uracy in the most minute detail. So Nature works. So works the best human brain when it does the best things either in coarsest production or in most delicate art. Nature is ever strong, yet nature never neglects either detail or beauty. With giant force she heaves the tides in resistless Rood, and yet with most exquisite tints she paints the shell that her waves toss up at play and leave as loving gift upon the shore. All this strength and all this accuracy of detail 1 saw in the gnat water-tower; in the powerful forcing-pumps; in the system of sewerage; in the Corliss engine with its Centennial memories and its Centennial suggestions; in the patient care and prudent thrift which picked up the tiniest shaving and made it fuel; and in the scientific art which condensed each drop

'- Thus power, brain, art and labor work together producing things of use in forms of loveliness. Nothing wasted; nothing lost. Order without tyranny and economy without meanness.

" From the shops I passed into the streets. They are graded, guttered, sewered, lighted, and planted with trees. In the summer, as 1 am told, they are bordered with lawns and bright with flowers.

" From street to house and tenement, where each tan have that for which he can pay. But the cheapest tenement has the three essentials of life: good air, plenty of it; good light, plenty of it; good water, plenty of it. The man, woman or child who is not clean in Pullman has literally no excuse. It must be for love of dirt. It cannot be for lack of the means to be clean. Clean streets will teach the people to be clean. Beauty and order without will produce neatness and comfort within. The teachings of village and street will be reflected in humblest home and smallest tenement.

" From house and home I went to the market. From the market to the stores. From stores to play-grounds boat -course, to school, and church; from church to library, Arcade and theater, and nosvhere did I find gaming-table, bar-room or brothel. Everywhere is utility, order, cleanliness, beauty. These are the silent teachers that minister to eye, to heart, to brain. They must make men live more cleanly lives within as well as without. They must help Children, women and men to grow into sweeter, whiter, nobler and more productive manhood.

'- But just this fact made it possible to secure enough land at reasonable cost to make such an experiment feasible. The idea was a large one, and it needed a fullsized lot in which it could be planted and grow.

"Then there was in the great car company a business that required the employment of regiments of diversified labor. That labor' is of all kinds, from the honest muscle that shovels coal and piles pig iron, to the art which rivals nature in the hue and form of the lily tliat it paints, and in the glass that it engTaves with almost the delicate tracery of winter's frost.

--Diversity of labor, diversity of gift, diversity of thought and skill, is the condition of successful human union. Here was such a business need, in a corporation that builds the car for heaviest, rudest freight, and yet that puts upon the rail a carriage combining strength, use, beauty and luxury such as even Cleopatra never knew as she floated in her perfumed barge with silken sails upon the waters of the mystic Nile. Such palace cars as are here built even royalty has not yet equaled on modern continental railways.

"There was place; there was business need; there was also sufficient capital to do the required thing, when it had been intelligently demonstrated that the effort would pay as well in dollars and cents as in the larger and better and more enduring results of happier and liciter manhood.

" Hut place, and need, and money would have been powerless had not the brain, the vision, the will and the courage lieeu found. In a word, there were the conditions of just such an effort and just such a result, ami the man alone was needed. And he was there. He

-' This :s indeed a monument worthy of a brave, wise, just and liberal man. But there is here a likeness that is more than in name. In its industry, in its returns of economy and frugality and viae financial results; in its order, in its quiet, in its comfort, in its culture and its beauty, this town expresses the brain and heart and manhood of your friend as fully as its name repeals his own.

"Such is this place in its form. Such were the conditions that made its creation |x>ssible. And now you logically ask that which I have almost answered in telling what Pullman is and funv it has been built. Why was it wise to do the thing as it is being done ?

" Let me attempt a simple answer. This great palace car company operates its lines from Brindisi, by the far waters of the Adriatic, to the Golden (late of California. Its cars are peculiar in construction. It must build them for itself. To build them most economically and best the company < an also build all other cars of every grade for every kind of use. The demand is enormous. Five great shops are thus used to-day, at St. Louis, at Detroit, at Klmira, at Philadelphia, and here at Pullman. Here alone two thousand men are thus employed.

"Then follows, from simplest rules of practical economy, the wisdom of dealing with this labor fairly and justly. The employer who gives his laborer the liest borne at the lowest price that will secure fair interest on the investment, by so much really increases that laborer's wages. It for every dollar that a man can earn in Chicago it costs him ninety cents to live, his profit is just ten cents. If he can get just as good living here for eighty-five cents, he practically on the same wages earns five cents to each dollar more here than he docs there. That is. he saves live cents to the dollar more.

'- So if it was wise to secure cheaper houses for the men, it was even wiser to secure belter houses, so that the wife and child should lie happier during the day. and the man happier when he comes home at night tired anil needing rest for eye and heart, as well as body. The dirty tenement and the unwashed and uncombed wife and the dirty and unkempt children drive men from home to groggerv and saloon. The flower in the pathway: the tree by the sidewalk; the church spire; the lighted and warm and graceful Arcade; the reading room and library; the ball ground; the boat course anil the theater are worth all they cost in dollars and cents, because of the interest in dollars and cents that they will certainly return. They will pay, I know they will pay. because they will help the working people of Pullman to grow upward as God meant that labor should grow, and not downward as capital, tempted by the devil of selfishness and greed, has so often compelled labor to grovel and debase itself.

"Then if beauty and cleanliness, and recreation and culture counted in securing just money returns, the next step was naturally to provide honest shops and stores for sale of honest food at honest prices; schools for children; churches for those who would worship; play-grounds for athletic sports; boat tracks: books for those who would read, and the theater for such as felt need of such recreation. As 1 have already said, it all pavs and will pay. Men must play ! Men will play ! They must have and will have rest and recreation.

" When I think of the suffering that is kept from the women and children of this factory town by the absence of the groggerv and the gin mill, I know that the mothers and little ones in many a small, clean tenement are to-night blessing the loving heart and wise brain and resolute purpose that made such homes |w>ssible for the working people here in Pullman.

" Hut to go back. All this chance for manly sport and healthful recreation for body and brain are not given as charity, but are wisely and justly furnished to all who need and will pay fair prices for fair enjoyment. So the whole is done from no false philanthropy, with no suggestion of sickly charity, but on the square and business-like basis that there is a commercial value in beauty, and that fair and generous dealings with your brother man earns and will pay good interest. Thus the old argument of schools is answered. The useful is beautiful. The truly beautiful is and must be useful. Capital does not here seek to rob labor. Nor does it seek to coddle and emasculate and pauperize labor. I-ibor does not here seek to cheat capital, or to steal from it, or borrow from it, or beg from it. Labor earns its own wages, pavs its own wav. and respects itself.

" These, as they seem to me, are some few of the reasons why it was very wise to build Pullman, and try this great e.\|>eriment under such fair and broad conditions.

" Hut what of the future ? Whither does this effort lead ? 1 do not dream that the millennium is about to dawn even at Pullman. It will be strange if the serpent does not hiss even under the rose leaves of this Kden. Strange if there is not still a fib on the lips of some Eve. and cowardice in the heart of some Adam even here. But here there is at least a fair, earnest effort to adjust and equalize the conditions between labor and Capital.

" As I have walked these streets and looked upon these homes, I have recalled the factory and mining towns as I saw them in Italy, and France, and Germany, and Belgium, and England.

" Thus recalling what I have seen elsewhere, I have said, all honor to the loving heart and strong, wise brain which here demonstrate, so that the coldest may feel and the blindest may sec, that the true, essential and enduring interests of capital and labor are forever one.

-- When 1 earn one dollar and save therefrom ten cents, I am just that far and to that extent a member of the capitalist class. Capital is only the difference between what labor earns and what labor spends. That saving, wherever it may be invested, in shop or savings bank, is allied to the great millions of the business world. It runs into them and blends with them, just as the mountain rivulet runs into the sea. Let it be the part of wise capital to know and to act on the knowledge that precisely as the sea must give back its waters to the mountain stream through absorption, cloud and returning rainfall, so capital must return its strength and sustenance to labor. Otherwise capital itself would be dried up and disappear.

" Thus I answer that the reasonable expectation is, and I think the sure and certain result must be, that this effort, if bravely continued and wisely controlled, must be successful, 'it will help the laborer. It will help the capitalist. The corporation and the working people must be alike benefited. J ust as surely as the be- ginning was wise, the end will be beneficent. This is not experiment. The idea was involved in that first idea of beauty and "harmony subservient to use and comfort, to answer which the first Pullman palace car was built. In 7863 or 1S64 they were put in use. And just as surely as they wheeled their way at once into being a necessity, and proved themselves a wise investment, just so surely this experiment of a factory town, where beauty, books, art and culture adorn labor and lighten its burdens and increase its joys, is already an accomplished and demonstrated success. It is no longer an experiment It is a proved result.

" To what does it lead ? 1 can keep you no longer by what must at the best be only brief analysis and unsatisfactory suggestion. Shall 'men be manlier for this brave effort ? Shall women be sweeter and kindlier? Shall children be more hopeful and more aspiring ? Schools shall here culture and teach. Churches shall lift the people up by simpler faith and broader and more Christ-like charity. Hooks shall broaden and art snail develop. Men must thus he manlier and better, for

" Pullman will build cars, and will teem with manifold production. Labor will earn fair wages and capital will get generous returns. But better than factory, and richer than material production : sweeter than flowers and more beautiful than theater, or library, or church, shall be the manhood that will be developed here."

The curtain then dropped, and at nine o'clock rose upon the first scene of " Esmeralda." This episode of Carolina life was well presented and enjoyed by the auditory. Somewhat of a coincidence is in the fact, that in a few days more than one year from that night' another play representing life in Carolina was exhibited: "The Mountain Pink." Apart from its wilt At fc/ut, this latter melodrama is distinctively of Chicago; written by Chicago authors - Morgan Hate's ami Elwyn A. Barron - owned by a Chicago man and played bv'a Chicago company.

The Arcade Building is two hundred and fifty feet long by one hundred anil sixty-four feet wide, and is ninety feet high. Just south iif this building are the livery stables, one hundred and sixty feet by one hundred and ten feet, ami containing' stalls for fifty-six horses. A portion of the front of the building is occupied by the Pullman Fire Department, which was organized on August j. 1SS1, as a volunteer hose company, with apparatus consisting of two two-wheeled hose-carts. The inaugurators of the department were - Sinde». 1 SarKkrg, F. Mathews." Frank Robins, William Palmer, W. Mathews. M. Saxon t S- ' 9- W' Samso". J- W. Roy, H. Potter, j' Mason, Iheodore Yon Kocnig and J.H. Fraver The first officers were : J. Yogt. chief ; O. \Y. Samson, captain ; J. U. Roy. lieutenant ; Harvev Poller, secretary anil ). Mason, treasurer. The present constituency of the department is as follows : J. Yogt, chief, and Nelson P. Smdcll, secretary.

Hook and Ladder Company No. 1 - |ohn H Frayer, captain ; H. Wurman, lieutenant ; Ernest Klatt! William Denton, J. Sanders. J. Frame driver. A. M.

The department has a thoroughly equipped enginehouse ; thiee two-wheeled hose-carts; one four-wheeled hose cart, said to be the handsomest and best equipped cart ever manufactured, and the only one of this espcrial kind in the United States ; one hook-and-ladder truck ; four horses, and nine thousand feet of linen, rubber anil cotton hose. The department is thoroughly systematized and admirably organized ; the members are workmen in the various factories, and at an alarm being given, they have specific duties to perform immediately. Apparatus, such as Habcock extinguishers, pikes, two thousand five hundred rubber buckets, etc., is distributed in all the workshops, and thus the firemen, in chtse juxtaposition to the article most needful for the exigency created by the fire, can sei/.c that article, and are ready for efficient service the moment an alarm is sounded, and no needless scani|K-ring and swarming it performed. The horse-truck and men have been 001 nf the house and on their way to a fire twelve seconds from the sounding of the gong. Each building is provided with private lire-plugs, and departmental plugs are liberally located upon the streets. Immediately south of the livery stable building is the Casino, wherein the Episcopal congregation meet, and south of that is the public school. '

The Pullman public school is one of the best in the State of Illinois, and is furnished with every scholastic adjunct to help the little learners up the rugged ascent of the Hill of Knowledge. The building has three stories anil fourteen rooms ; all are glittering with light and cleanliness and are ventilated and warmed with scrupulous care. The stairs have low, broad steps and frequent landings. lavatories and cloak-rooms arc attached to each school-room, and the interior is finished in light wood-work and with light-colored, painted walls. The building has a seating capacity for eight hundred pupils. In addition to the building there are two rooms used for school purposes which have been in operation since the fall of 1SS2 in what is known as the Foundry Building, the teachers of which arc F. Baker and Miss Mary Everest. These two rooms arc maintained to furnish educational advantages to scholars under the fourth grade : the school-house being too far removed from the homes of little children that arc situated in the vicinity, and south of, the Allen Car Wheel Works. Children, however, that arc graded above the fourth, wherever their habitation, attend the main school.

The first school was held in two rooms in the depot building with about forty scholars, on November 31, 1881. The first teachers were D, R. Martin ami Mrs. I. N. Biden, and in a month their pupils increased to seventy. Miss Aggie Brennan was then added to the preceptors, and another room utilized for a schoolroom ; but these accommodations were inadequate. In the beginning of 18S2, two rooms were fitted up in the freight bouse, and the market hall was used; anil eight teachers were employed, liesidcs two who taught in the two rooms in the Foundry Block. The present school was occupied about February 1, 1883. In both schools there arc about six hundred and seventy-five pupil" enrolled. The teachers are: L. M. Yosburgh, Ada Johnson, Lucy Silk, Florence Ferguson, Helen Ferguson, Mrs. I. N. Biden. Misses Belle Dresser, Florence Underwood, Ida Sunderland. Catherine Dolton ami Bertha Barnes, assistants. The school district bounded by- Ninety-fifth and One Hundred and Fifteenth streets, and Indiana and Stony Island extended avenues and in the summer of 1883 it bad one thousand and tight hundred under twenty-one years old ; about one thousand between six and twenty-one, and about fifty-one hundred total population.

It is the intention of the Hoard of Education to provide high school studies and tuition, as soon as the intellectual growth of the youth of Pullman demands it. In the first school month of the year 18S3. sixty-five per centum of the pupils were in the first and second gratles of instruction, and forty per cent of all the scholars were in the first grade. These figures will, of course, be materially changed at the expiration of the present scholastic year, and it is w fact that there has been virtually no demand for high school curriculum. The Board of Education are: John McLean, M. !>., president ; E. W. Henricks, clerk ; J. Christiansen, N. P. Van Winkle and E. C. Tourtelot, members.