Corwin Township

Corwin Township

JBARNES A. M. farmer and stockraiser. Sec. 22; P.O. Middletown; dem; liberal; born in Bath Co. Ky. Jan. i, 1826; married Feb. 19, 1854. to Virginia Mc- Bride, bom in Maltison Co. Ohio, died Oct. 30, i860, leaving him five children: Eriza J., John, William, Alvin, Charles; married again Nov. 6, 1862, to Sarah J. Dudney, born in Sangamon Co. 111. Jan. 10, 1842; has five children by her: Emma, George, Harry, James, Elnora; owns 320 acres; value about $16,000; came to this county when ten months old

BEAVER JAMES, farmer and stockraiser, Sec. 12; P.O. Lincoln; rep; liberal; born in Ross Co. Ohio, Jan. 9, 1820; married Aug. 18, 1843, to Nancy Chasteen, bom in Ross Co. Ohio, March 17, 1823; have five children: Azariah W. born Sept. 9, 1844, married to Eliza Preston; Edward, Sept. 9, 1846, married to Matilda Linson; Seymour, May 14, 1849, married Elizabeth Linson; Thomas, June 29, 1857, married Jennie Anson; Sherman, June 12, 1865; lived in Ohio until spring of 1846, then moved to Fulton Co. Ill; came to this county in 1S52; owns 1,640 acres, value about $50,000; owns 400 acres in Nebraska

BERNARD JOSEPH W. farmer; retired. Sec. 4; P.O. Lincoln; rep; Pres; born in Rockbridge Co. Va. Jan. 30, 1805; married May 19, 1&30, to Nancy 0. Miller, born in Pike Co. Ohio; at the age of less than one year he went to Ohio; was there till 1836. when he came to Sangamon Co; lived here since, with the exception of fourteen years, in Menard Co; has three children: William M. born Jan. 5, 1833, married to Clara Silver, living in Calif omia; Anor T. married Robert Willocks; Martha C. born Dec. 1851; owns 150 acres, value about $7,600

BOCK GEORGE A. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 35; P.O. EHkhart; rep; Meth; born in Logan Co. near Middletown, 111. July 13, 1848; married Oct. 13, 1875, to Mary L. Babinglon; she was born in Ireland, July 28, 1848; has charge of his father s farm of 480 acres; his father, W, B. came to this county thirty-eight years ago; has one child, Louisa, born Sept. 10, .1876

BOUGHAN JOHN, farmer. Sec. 3; P.O. Lincoln; dem; liberal, bom in 'West Lincoln Township, Logan Co. 111. Sept. 16, 1853; rents 60 acres from Mr. .Scully; living with his father, Lystras, at present

Critz John And Peter

CRITZ JOHN AND PETER, farmers, Sec. 4; P.O. Lincoln. John: rep; Chris. Ch; bora in Clark Co. Ohio, June 6, 1806; left Ohio when twenty years old; carne to this county in 1827; (was then called Sangamon), b^ing one of the earliest settlers living; was a volunteer in the socalled Black Hawk war, about the year 1829; owns 750 acres, value about $22,500; married June 23, 1835, to Elizabeth Martin, born in Ohio, July 30, 1812; has one child, Peter, born June 23, 1840; lost three. Peter is a bachelor, retired from farming a number of years ago; independent; Univer"- salist; born in Maryland, Oct. 29, 1804; came here in 1828, back to Ohio, in 1829, and stayed ten years; owns 647 acres here; valtie about $32,500

March 22, 1848; his father is John Critz^ Sec. 4, of this township; has one child, John William, bora Jan. 19, 1868. His father John and uncle Peter, are two of the oldest settlers in this township

FULCHER FERDINAND, farmer. Sec. 2; P.O. Lincoln; dem; Evang. Luth; bom in Prussia, April 30, 1847; came to this country in 1854, and to this county in- 1867; from 1854 to 1867 he lived in Pike Co. Ohio, with his father. Christian Fulcher; owns 65 acres in this township, value about $3,250; now holds office of school director in this township; married Feb. 13, 1870, to Mary Rhoty, who died Oct. 26, 1873; married again Oct. 18, 1874,. to Mary Baker, bora Jan. 20, 1853, in town of Waverly, Pike Co. Ohio; two children

KOENEKE WILLIAM H. farmer, Sec. 33; P.O. Lincoln; dem; Evang. Luth; born in Hanover, Germany, April 19, 1844; married Jan. 24, 1872, to Louise Wortman; came to this county in 1869; rents 80 acres of William Scully; was in the war of Hanover against Prussia, in 1866; has two children, William H. born June 28, 1873; Minnie, Jan. 12. 1876

LEONARD JOHN A* farmer. Sec 17; P.O. Middletown; rep; Chris; bom in Knox Co. Indiana, Sept. 6, 1832; married Dec 22. 1855. to Matilda Robins, bom in LickenCo. Ohio, March 18, 1841; came to this county September, 1864; owns 40 acres in Menard Co. and 5 acres in this township; enlisted Feb. 28, 1861, in Co. K, 28th I. V. I. under Gen. Hulbert, 4th Army Corps; engaged in battles of Corinth and Bolivar; discharged Nov. 22, 1862, on ac^ count of a burn on the legs; has five children Lucinda J. married to William Clevenger; Martha A. bom March 14, i860; Alvin T. Sept. 5. 1863; Marr G. Aug. 7, 1869; Eliza A., May 17, 1876; lost three: William A., James S. M. and Theophilus

Long John, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 27; P.O. Elkhart; rep; liberal; from Ohio Long John, farmer; Sec. 28; P.O. Elkhart; rep; Chris; from Ohio

0. Elkhart; rep;Meth; born in Moi^n Co. Illinois, Christmas, 1842; married Sept. 13, 1872, to Sarah Johnson, born March 5, 1844. in Nicholas Co. Kentucky; rents 52 acres; came to this county in 1868; enlisted in spring of 1864, in Co. E, 57th

1. V. I.; engaged in following battles: Missionary Ridge, Nashville, Chattanooga, Atlanta, Kingston Rome, Ga.; Antionette, Savannah, Wilderness; discharged July, 1865; has one child, James R. bom April 24, 1876 pARKER THORNTON, wagon-maker, ^ -*- Middletown; dem; Chris; from Virginia Pence Allen, farmer. Sec. 34*; P.O. Elkhart; dem; Chris; bom Illinois

SHANER WILLIAM, farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 22; P.O. Middletown; rep; Chris; bom in Ross Co. Ohio, Aug. 7, 1819; married to Cynthia Jewett, who died March 17, 1855; married again Nov. 12. 1863, to Temperence Mecay, born in Knox Co. Ohio, Nov. 12, 1842; enlisted Aug. 7, 1862. in Company F, 73d I. V. I; discharged Sept. 17. 1862, on account of bad health; has three children: Lorena, bom Sept. 18, 1864; Antoinette, born April 11, 1867; Lucy Hays, born March 26, 1877; lost four

SIMMONS ALBERT, farmer and justice of the peace. Sec. 14; P.O. Lincoln; rep; Meth; born in Rensaeller . Co. N. Y. March 3, 18^3; married April 19, 1854, to Susan J. Denton, born in Rock Island. Ills. May 20, 1837^ has one child, Frank, bom March 3, 1862; came to this county in 1870; has held the office of justice of the peace since April, 1874; rents 120 acres from Mr. Mark with. His son Frank, at the age of 14 years tended his father's farm, helping to plant, plow, and gather 52 acres of com; his father during this time was able to do but very little work on account of ill health; first plowed at the age of 10 years, doing effective work- Smith David J. farmer. Sec. 15; P.O. Lincoln rep; Meth; from Kentucky

STEVENS WIIiLIAM H. farmer and blacksmith, Sec. 16; P.O. Middletown; independent; Meth; born in Jasper Co. Ills. Sept. 8,1836; nuurried Feb. 14. 1861, to Harriet Snyder, bom in Logan Co. Ills. March 17, 1845; enlisted Aug. 6, 1862, in Company F, 73d I. V. I. under Gen. Sherman, 4th Army Corps; engaged in following battles: Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Sherman's March to the Sea, Thomas' last fight at Nashville; discharged at close of the war, June 12, 1865; has five children: Walter E., John W., Mary E., Annie, Emma; lost two q^HEOBOLD JOHN, farmer. Sec. 5; P.O. Middletown; rep; Chris; from Germany Thompson Ezekiell, farmer. Sec. 11; P.O. Lincoln; independent; liberal; from Ohio

WARBEX GEORGE, farmei and stock-raiser. Sec. 6; P.O. New Holland;, dem; Meth; bom in Pike Co. Ohio, Feb. 21^ 1833; married May 29, 1859, ^o Mary E^ Johnson, born in Pennsylvania, 7th of June, 1841; owns 662 acres, value about $39,- 710; came to this county Jan. 1856; has four children: Uriah J.. Ida J., John W., Wil- .liam W; lost two

WIIiLOCKS ROBERT, farmer and stock- raiser. Sec. 4; P.O. Lincoln; dem; Uni; bom in Trumble Co. Ohio, Dec. i, 1838; married Oct. 4, 1866, to Anor T. Bernard, bom in Menard Co. 111. March II, 1843; has two children : Annettie,bom July 22, 1867; Clara A., July 10, 1869; rents 80 acres from his father-in-law, J. W. Bernard, who came to this county in 1852, in March; enlisted Aug. 5, 1862, in Co. G, io6th 111. Vol. Inf; w as wounded at Cypms Bend, near Vicksburg; was engaged at Little Rock, Ark. and Satarcia^ Yazoo River; served as Corporal; discharged Aug. 5, 1865; is school trastee for this district

WIIiSON JOHN R. farmer, See. 24; P.O. Lincoln; dem; Chris; bom in Taylor Co. Kentucky, Jan. 26, 1824; married July 20, 1843, to Sarah Ann Allen, bom in Marion Co. Kentucky, July 8, 1825; came to this county in 1866; enlisted in September, 1866. in Company E, 37th Kentucky Mounted Inf; was engaged in the following battles : Mt. Sterling, Kentucky; Lexington, Kentucky; Cynthiana, Kentucky;

SATES WILLIAM P. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 4; P.O. Broadwell; rep; Cong; born in Derby Township, Orleans Co. Vermont, Jan. 12, 1807; married Jan. it I, 1837, to Ann R. Wright, who was born in Derby Township, Orleans Co. Vermont, March 31, 181 1 ; have four children living: Eliza Jane (wid ) born April 5, 1840, married to A. B. McKenzie; Harriet M. bom Dec. 8, 1841, married P. W. Harts, living at Springfield, 111; Erastus W. born June 15, 1846; married Ada Chamberlain, living in Elkhart Township; lost two : Maria L. <lied Aug. 9, 1845, aged 18 months; Mary A, died Nov. 11, 1855, aged 17 years; owns 473 acres, and a number of Lincoln City lots; total value of all his property is ' about $22,000; left Vermont 1852; then

FOSTER JAMES M. farmer. Sec. 13; P.O. Elkhart; dem; Chris; born in Elk> hart Oct. ii, 1834; married Sept. 6, 1875, to Miss Lucy Jane Griffin, who was bora in Menard Co. 111. July 31, 1849; have three children: Eliza Ellen, bom May 3^ 1872, Lilly Ann, Aug. 25, 1873; Ivory Myrtle, April i, 1876; owns 260 acres, value $10,000; was born and raised within half a mile of where he lives; enlisted in the io6th Illinois. Co. B, Aug. 1862, was transferred in 1864. in March, to Co. K, 24th Regiment I. V; was discharged June 28, 1865

GIIiliETT JOBLN D. was born in Co necticuc, April 28, 1819, at a place called Fair Haven, since a part of New Haven, and the seat of Yale College; his ancestors were Huguenots, and were compeFed to leave their native country; Mr. Gillett came to Illinois in the fall of 1858; he came at once to Bald Knob, to hb uncle*s, and began farming; two years after, he went to Lake Fork, where he remained twenty-eight years; thence he removed to Elkhart, where he has since resided; on March 31, 1842, he was married to Miss Lemira Parkes, daughter of Elisha Parkes, builder of the old county jail at Postville, and one of the county's most prominent citizens; Mr. and Mr-;. Gillett have eleven children; he is one of the most extensive , farmers in the west, and ranks with such men as Jacob Strawn and John T. Alexander; he is constantly shipping cattle to European markets

HARPER JOHN9 farmer. Sec. 12; P.O. Mt. Pulaski; dem; lib; bom in Logan Co. 111. Jan. 23, 1844; married Nov. 21, 1868, to Mary Rigdon, who was bom in Logan Co. Ill; have three children: Burton, Chester and Diadamia; owns 185 acies,. value about $9,250 merchants, Elkhart; W. C. Hughes was born in Kentucky, Jan. 21, 1818; came to- Illinois about 1845, to Sangamon Co. in March, 1867; he came to Elkhart and engaged in the mercantile pursuit at once; married in 1846 to Dorinda Scott, who was bom in Berlin, Sangamon Co. in 1829; they have two children, Mary L. and Addie May; S. Mendenhall was bom in Sangamon Co. Oct. 20, 1842; studied medicine, and when of age was commissioned assistant surgeon in the navy; remained there two years, when he returned hom& and engaged in the practice of medicine a year or .so; he then went into mercantile pursuits in Berlin, and in 1867 joined his father-in-law, Mr. Hughes, in Elkhart; married Oct. 10, 1867, Mary L. Hughes, who was born Dec. ii, 1849

Sec. 21 ; P.O. Elkhart; Meth; from Ohio Johnson R. E. farm hand. Sec. 33; P.O. Elkhart; dem; liberal; bom in Illinois Jones Johit B. farmer, Sec. 4; P.O. Buflfalohart; rep; bom in Illinois

KEXNCDY ELIZABETH Mrs. farmer. Sees. 32 and 33; PO. Elkhart; Pres; she was born- in Scotland, April 24, 1824; came to this country and county in 185 1 ; her maiden name was Elizabeth Underwood; she was married to John Kennedy Aug. 19, 1 85 1, in Scotland, where he was bom, March 5, 1826; he died in this township, Nov. 12, 1871; have six children living: John, Robert G., Jcnet, William, James and Marfan U.; owns 196 acres, valued at $9,800

LAWRENCE CHARLES S. farmer. Sec 11; P.O. Elkhart; rep; Chris; bom on Sec. II, this township; married Nov. 13, 1872, to Annie E. Westfall, bom in Sangamon Co. 111. April 5, 1853; has one child, Anna L. bom June 12, 1876; lost one child; owns about I,ooo acres, value $40,000; his father, Theodore (deceased) was bom in Virginia, Jan. '27, 1800; his mother, Eliza Ann Tabor, bom in Warren Co. Ohio, Feb. 20, 1807; John, brother to Theodore, also deceased, came to this county in 1831, and settled about 1833; he was bom in Virginia in 1802 liliOYD ABCHIBAIiD C. fanner and stock-raiser, Sec 4; P.O. Broadwell; dem; Chris; bom in this township June 15, 1846; married Jan. 21, 1869, to Mary Mcintosh, who was bom on Lake Fork. Laenna township, Logan Co. 111. March 21, 1850; have three children : Binnabel, born April 2, 1870; Anna, Feb. 10, 1872; Claude A. Aug. 31, 1875; owns 160 acres, valued at $4,800. His father, Hiram, bom in Ohio, March 11, 1813/came to this county about 1832; now living inlower part of Broadwell Township

McEKDBEE G. C. merchant, Elkhart; bora in Virginia, March 6, 1818; came to Illinois in 1837, and to Logan Co. in 1864. He was a cabinet-maker until 1848, when he went into the mercantile business in Athens, Menard Co. where he remained until 1864; has held the office of justice of

Logan Ooukty Dibbctory. '

JPFAU MAGDAIiENA, wife of Matthias Pfau, was married to Michael Letterle, June 6, 1856; she was born Feb. 4, 1837, ^^ Germany; he was bom in Germany, June 6, 1820; had by him eight children, lost one; those living are: Michael, Adam, John, George, Frederick, Henry, Elizabeth, Susan; he died June 30, 1871; she was married again to Matthias Pfau the 31st of Dec. 1873; had one child by him, Rachael Jennie; owns 57 acres, value $3,000

SHREVE GEORGE W. farmer and stock-raiser, Sec. 31; P.O. Elkhart; rep; Pres; was born in New Jersey, in 1850; came to Sangamon Co. in 1859, and to this county in i860, and settled on the place where he now lives; married Emma Pearce, Nov. 17, 1875; she was born in Ohio in 1849, and came to this state and county in 1867; she is a member of the Meth. Ch.

Source changes here: from History of Logan County, Illinois, Together with Sketches of Its Cities, Villages, and Towns, Educational, Religious, Civil, Military, and Political History, Portraits of Prominent Person, and Biographies of Representative Citizens : Also a Condensed History of Illinois, Embodying Accounts of Prehistoric Races, Indian Wars, and a Brief Review of Its Civil and Political History, by Inter-state Publishing Company (Chicago, Ill.), published 1886; 10,678 words in this source stream.

Corwin Township

-' Corwin is bounded on the north by Sheridan Township, on the east by Broad well, on the south by Hurl but Township and Menard County, and on the west by Menard and Mason counties. It is the only township in Logan County not touched by a railroad. In size it lacks three sections of being a full congressional township. Salt Creek and its tributaries drain the township, through the middle of which the Salt flows.

Corwin was first organized under the name of Middletown, which name was dropped a year or two later. The officers who have been elected each year since 1867, the date of Middletown's organization, with the exception of 1868 and 1871, have been as follows:

1867 - Supervisor, Daniel G. Evans; Clerk, Joshua A. Gauer; Assessor, John T. Bryan; Collector, William C.McMasters; Highway Commissioners, John Stollard, Jacob Isonhart and Alfred S. Jackson; Justices, J. W. Barnard and G. G. Louke; Constables, Eandolph Davis and William Tupperman.

1870 - Supervisor, Uriah Warren; Clerk, Thomas M. Keed; Assessor, John T. Bryan; Collector, Abel Mecay; Highway Commissioner, George D. Glenn; Justices, R. A. Raybura and William B. Brown; Constables, Randolph A. Davis and James R- Flemming.

1873 - Supervisor, "W. B. "Williams; Clerk, C. M. Rayburn; Assessdr, D. T. Barnett; Collector, J. N. Jenkins; Highway Commissioner, "William Brown; Justices, R. A. Rayburn and Ezekiel Bowman; Constables, Jesse Brown and Joseph Lucas.

1877 - Supervisor, W. C. Maull; Clerk, James "W. D. Hill; Assessor, Cyrus Snyder; Collector, James R. Saxton; Highway Commissioner, Henry McBride; Justices, R. A. Rayburn and Albert Simmons; Constables, Jesse Brown and "Washington "Wolf.

ISSl - Supervisor, James T. Galford; Clerk, C. M. Rayburn; Assessor, "W. B. Brown; Collector, J. R. Saxton; Highway Commissioners, George "Warren and H. P. Gaines; Justices, R. A. Rayburn and T. M. Reed; Constables, M. L. Gibbs and James Turner.

Statistics

Corwin is just holding its own in population, removals to the Western States and Territories being about as numerous as the arrivals and natural increase. In 1870 there were 1,069 inhabitants; in 1880, 1,024; in 1885, perhaps 1,050.

Political

The people of Corwin are very evenly divided politically. At first Republican, the township is now Democratic, although the majority is very smalL The plurality at each of the last two Presidential elections has been but two, out of a total of 230 and 242 votes respectively. Following is the vote for President, 1868-'84: is the oldest town in Logan County. Indeed, it was formed before the county existed. It was laid out by Hiram S. Allen, October 13, 1832, and consisted of sixty-four lots, each 60 x 120 feet in size, ^ot long after the town was laid out, Smith & King opened a small store, probably the first enterprise of the kind in the limita of this county. Their stock of goods was small, and comprised only articles actually needed by the few residents of the country. This firm only continued in business a few years. King died, and, in 1836, Smith left. He was at once succeeded by Colbey Knapp, one of the prominent figures in the early history of Lo^an County. Mr. Knapp had been a clerk in Baltimore and, being anxious to better his financial condition and provide a home for old age, determined to come West. This he did soon after his marriage, the journey being performed by a stage over the mountains to Pittsburg, thence down the Ohio, up the Mississippi and Illinois rivers to Pekin, where he alighted, and went soon after to Middletown. Here he succeeded Smith & King in the mercantile business, shipping some goods from Baltimore, and procuring some in St. Louis. His first store was a frame buildino-. He, in 1840, built a brick house, probably the first brick structure in the county. This was used as a dwelling as well as a store, and was at one time the largest store in this part of the State.

The town at first comprised only sixteen acres. In 1836 Colbey Knapp and "William Glenn, Jr. , platted the remainder of the eighty acres, and placed the lots on the market. Mr. Knapp was appointed postmaster here in 1837. Martin Yan Buren was President and Amos Kendall, Postmaster-General. Prior to this time a postoffice had been maintained in Irish Grove, in what is now Menard County. There was also a Presbyterian church built about 1833 or '34, and here the people in Middletown and surrounding country attended services. Mr. Knapp remained here till 1860. The town being off the railroad route, never partook of the rapid advancement attained by others more fortunately situated. It now contains about 200 inhabitants, and supports a good school and one church. There is one general store, kept by J. A. Glenn; Thomas M. Reed is the druggist, and Green Hill and "W. Y. Gattery practice medicine.

Odd Fellows Order

Myrtle Lodge, No. 470, 1. 0. 0. F., was chartered October 8, 1872, but was organized December 12 previous. The charter members were Abel McKay, L. M. Lake, JohnBreasaugh, Charles H. Nord, Charles C. Reed, William Squires and A. J. Reed. The lodge was organized in the hotel of Thaddeus Davis, and continued to meet there until 1874, when their present property was purchased.

This is composed of a residence building with a hall on the second floor. The building is of concrete and originally cost $3,000. It is a two story structure, with ten rooms above the basement. Two acres of land surround the building. The lodge is free from debt and has $600 invested at 8 per cent. The membership is thirty-two. The officers for 1885 are: A. R. Miller, Noble Grand; Edmund Jones, Vice-Grand; Thomas Davy, Treasurer; M. J. Burkett, Permanent Secretary; W. V. Guttcry, Recording Secretary; William Squires, Chaplain.

The Methodist Episcopal Churoh at Middletown was dedicated July 3, 1870. It is a frame structure, coating about $2,800. A building was erected here very early in the history of the county, intended to be used by any and all denominations; but the Presbyterians, who seem to have possessed the best claim to it, took it down about 1858 and re-erected it at Irish Gruve, Menard County. The first Methodist services were held in private houses. Later, meetings were held in the school-house, and then in the brick church just mentioned.

The Springiank Methodist Episcopal Church, on section 25, was erected in 1867, at a cost of about $2,200. It is a white frame strncture, neat and comfortable. Among the early and prominent Methodists in this vicinity, and especially those who contributed largely to the building of the church, were David B. Evans, Judge Nolan and William B. Bock. Early services were held at private houses and at the school-house. The society has now thirty-five members. A Sunday-school has been usually sustained. William B. Bock was superintendent for many years, and at his removal, Rev. G. T-. Galford became superintendent and continued in that capacity five years, ending in 1884. The present superintendent is John T Foster.

William Breeze Bock, deceased, was born in England, June 1, 1813. Although a native pf England he was of German descent, his father, William Bock, having come from Hesse-Cassel, Germany, to Liverpool, when a young man, where he married Lucy Breeze. In 1823 William Bock, with his son, William Breeze Bock, came to the United States, settling in New York. The family came two years later. At the age of sixteen years our subject went to Philadelphia, where he served five years as an apprentice to the cabinet-making business. He then returned to New York, where he worked at iiis trade for several years, and in 1837 married Miss Ann McAdam, born in Ireland, March 12, 1814, and came to New York with her father in 1834-. She taught school in New York. She is a granddaughter of Samuel Nielson, one of the United Irishmen of 1798. In 1838 Mr. Bock removed from New York to Jacksonville, Illinois, and in the fall of that year he entered land in Logan County, where he settled subsequently. He then removed to Middletown, and thence to Pekin, where he remained seven years engaged in working in black walnut and fancy woods, forwarding the same to the New York market. He returned to his home in Logan County in the spring of 1856, and died at Lincoln in January, 1880, his wife dying one day later. Five of their children are now living. Mr. Bock was an honest, upright citizen, highly respected in the community in which he lived. Mrs. Bock was a woman of unusual literary attainments, possessing remarkable conversational powers. George A. Bock is the only one of the children of William Breeze Bock living in Corwin Township. He was born in Middletown, Logan County, July 13, 1848. October 13,1875, he was married to Mary Louisa Babington, born in Ireland, July 28, 1848, coming to this country with her parents in 1851. Her parents settled in St. Louis, Missouri, where the father died the following year; the mother still survives. Mr. and Mrs. George A. Bock have three children - Mary Louisa, Catherine and Sidney Ethel. Mr. Bock has 320 acres on section 35.

Peter Critz, a representative of one of the pioneer families oi' Logan County, is a son of John Critz and a grandson of Conrad Critz. The latter settled in what is now Broadwell Township,. October 29, 1827. Conrad Critz was a native of Pennsylvania, where he was reared and married. He removed to Clarke County, Ohio, from whence he came to Logan County in 1827. His wifedied in Ohio and when he came here his children had reached maturity, the children being five in number. His son John, who was then twenty-one years of age, accompanied him to this county, the remaining children coming here later. Conrad Critz died in De Witt County, Illinois, many years ago, and all of his sons are deceased. John "Critz married Elizabeth Martin, a daughter of John Martin, who was one of the pioneers of Logan County, coming from Ohioin 1827. They had four children of whom Peter, whose name heads this sketch, is the only one living. Those deceased are - John, George and Albert. After his marriage John Critz settled,.

on section 4, Oorwin Township, where he lived till his death, June 10, 1878. His wife died October 28, 1877. Peter, the only one of his father's family who grew to maturity, was born at the homestead in this township June 23, 1840, and he has always been a resident of the township. The farm which he owns and occupies was purchased by his father in 1865. It contains about 800 acres. He was married to Mary A.nn Hamil, a daughter of William Hamil, of this township. Of the four children born to them only one survives - Adaline, born May 19, 1878. The three eldest children are - John W., who died aged thirteen years, and Jacob and Charles, who died in infancy.

David G. Evans, deceased, was one of the prominent pioneers of Logan County. He was born in Baltimore County, Maryland, March 25, 1806, and when six years old he moved with his parents, Daniel and Mary (Gorsuch) Evans, to Pickaway County, Ohio. He was left an orphan when sixteen years of age, both of his parents dying the same week. In 1830 he was married to Anna Long, a native of Ohio. Of the ten children born to this union only two are living - Mrs. Nancy A. Richards and Mrs. Alice Foster, both in this township. Margaret married David Yan Daren, and died in December, 1853; Norman died in May, 1857, aged twenty-four years; John died in 1859, aged twenty-two years; Mary Ellen married John Spindler, and died in May, 1866; "William died in November, 1870, aged thirty years; James D. died in April, 1877, aged thirty-nine years; Anna Belle married James T. Galford, and died October 15, 1884; and one child died young. David Evans lived in Ohio till 1849, when he removed to Sangamon County, Illinois, where he occupied a rented farm for two years. He then located in Corwin Township, Logan County, purchasing of Captain Long a tract of 1,000 acres. Captain Long had erected on this place a large frame dwelling, around which he had built a fence, these being the only improvements made on the place when Mr. Evans located here with his family in 1851. Here he made his homestead, and here lived till his death. His widow still lives at the homestead with Mr. and Mrs. Foster, and is still in good health. Mr. Evans in early life was a Whig, and later a Republican of the most pronounced type. He was personally acquainted with a number of eminent men of his party, and was a personal friend of President Lincoln. He was present at the convention that nominated General Grant President in 1868. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and always gave liberally of his means to the support of the gospel. Mr. Evans was an energetic and industrious citizen, and became known as one of the wealthy and successful men of Logan County. He was widely known, and universally respected for his many excellent qualities of both mind and heart.

Hon. John T. Foster, one of the representative citizens of Logan County, is a native of Illinois, having been born in McDonough County, January 25, 1849, a son of Henry "W". and Eliza Ann Foster. His grandfather settled in McDonough County in 1831, where he lived till his death, in 1847. In 1881 the parents of Mr. Foster came to Logan County, and are now residents of East Lincoln Township. John T. Foster was reared to the occupation of farming. In the fall of 1869 he entered the university at Lincoln, graduating in the class of 1872. His intention was to prepare himself for the bar, but owing to the ill health of his father he returned to the home farm after his graduation. He was married November 21, 1877, to Alice Evans, a daughter of the well-known pioneer, David G. Evans. They have two daughters and two sons - May Evans, Fannie, Herbert B. and Paul. Mr. Foster has been a resident of this county since January 1, 1878, where his real estate comprises 720 acres. At present he is devoting his entire attention to agricultural pursuits, and is classed among the prosperous and enterprising farmers of Logan County. Mr. Foster in politics is an ardent Republican, and when occasion demands it he devotes considerable attention to political affairs. He cast his first presidential vote for General Grant in 1872, and was very active during that campaign. He made his first political speeches during that year, being a member of the Central Committee of McDonough County. In the fall of 1880 he was nominated by the Republican party for the Legislature. He received a majority of about 373 votes in Logan County, and was defeated by only thirteen and a half votes, the district being then largely Democratic. In the fall of 1882 he was renominated for the Legislature and was elected. After serving one term at Springfield he refused further political honors, as his large farming interests demand his entire attention. Although Mr. Foster is strongly attached to the principles of the Republican party he does not allow prejudice to bias his judgment in estimating the character of men. He is a speaker of much force and effect, and as a citizen no man is more highly esteemed in the community in which he lives than John T. Foster.

lerdinand Fulcher was born in Curchleven, Prussia, April 30, 1847. His father, Christian Fulcher, emigrated to the United States in 1854, settling in Pike County, Ohio, where he still lives, aged eighty-four years. His wife is also living. In September, 1867, Ferdinand Fulcher came to Logan County, where he worked by the month and farmed land till 1870, when he married Mary Rhoda, a daughter of Ephraim Rhoda, who came here from Ohio in 1865. He now resides in Lincoln. After marriage Mr. Fulcher rented a farm of 120 acres in this township, from John "Windle. In the fall of 1870 he bought sixty acres of land on sections 2 and 11, where he located. His wife died in October, 1874, leaving two girls, Anna and Louisa, the former born December 18, 1870, and the latter September 10, 1873. In December, after the death of his wife, Mr. Fulcher returned with his children to Ohio, and in October, 1875, he married his present wife, Mary Baker, born in Waverly, Ohio, January 20, 1853. Mr. Fulcher then lived one year in Waverly, returning in March, 1877, to Logan County, and has lived on his present farm of 172 acres ever since. By his present wife Mr. Fulcher has four children - John C, Georgia W., Sophia E. and Harmon A. He is now serving his second term as road commissioner for his township. Politically he is a Democrat. Both he and his wife are members of the Lutheran church . Mrs. Fnlcher's father, John Baker, died in Ohio, December 25, 1868, and her mother is still living in Kansas. William Fulcher, an elder brother of our subject, lives in this township; and a sister, Mrs. Sophia Arnhole, who formerly married Levi Rhoda, resides in Orvil Township.

Bev. James T. Galford was born in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, October 19, 1845. He removed with his father, William J. Galford, to Scioto County, Ohio, where the latter still lives. In 1868 James T. Galford came to - Logan County, and entered the university at Lincoln as a student, attending one term. The following winter term he taught school, resuming his studies at the university in the spring. In the fall of 1869 he became a teacher of the Broadwell school, teaching there two years. In 1871 he reentered the university, graduating in the class of 1873, and in the fall of that year again took charge of the school at Broadwell, remaining one year, meanwhile pursuing his studies for the ministry. While a student at the university Mr. Galford had officiated, for one year on the Mt. Pulaski circuit as junior preacher. In 1874 he joined the conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, then in session at Mattoon, and was appointed to Schuyler Circuit, where he remained two years. In the autumn of 1876 he was appointed to the Astoria charge in Fulton County, remaining there one year. November 11, 1874, Mr. Galford married Anna Belle Evans, born in Sangamon County, July 3, 1850, the youngest child of David G. Evans. In March, 1878, he settled where he now lives, on section 28. Tliis was a part of the homestead farm of his father-in-law. October 15, 1884, Mr. Galford was bereaved by the death of his wife. She was a woman of excellent literary attainments, linisliing ^lier educition at Jacksonville. She was much attached to her home, and possessed a kind and amiable disposition that endeared her to all who knew her. Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Galford, four of whom are living - Anna Evans, Amy Alice, William Y. and Gilbert Haven. The youngest child, James T., died in infancy. Mr. Galford devotes the most of his time to his large farming interests, preaching only occasionally. Politically he is identified with the Republican party.

James A. Qlenn, the only surviving child of David A. and Lucy Nash Glenn, was born July 28, 1845, in Middletown, Logan County, Illinois, and with the exception of two years spent in Mendota he has always lived here. Re attended the North Sangamon Academy in Menard County two years, and the Wesleyan University for three years. At the age of twenty-one years he engaged in the mercantile business with his step-father, George D. Glenn. He married Zebella A. Robben, December 11, 1873, who was born in Menard County, Illinois, in June, 1853, a daughter of Edward and Anna (Redsucker) Robben, of Menard County. They have three children - Edward Robben, Anna Belle and Mary Edna. Mr. Glenn has been engaged in the mercantile business since 1867, and is one of the successful merchants of Corwin Township. He also owns several fine farms, the largest, which contains 325 acres, being in Menard County. His father, David Alexander Glenn, was one of the pioneers of Logan County. He was a son of William Glenn, who came to this county with his family from Cumberland County Pennsylvania, in 1827 and settled in Corwin Township, on section 20, south of Salt Creek, where the family lived many years, and where the mother died. William Glenn died at the residence of his daughter-in law, Lucy N. Glenn, at Middletown, September 11, 1853, aged seventy-five years. He and his wife had eleven children, all but one reaching maturity. All the children are now deceased. David A. Glenn was born in Pennsylvania, December

Coewin Towkship

31, 1809. He came to this county with his parents and was reared to the occupation of a farmer. He was married May 13, 1840, to Lucy Nasli Church, who was born at South Hadley, Massachusetts, in 1817, a daughter of Zenas and Rachel (A.lvord) Church. When she was eleven years old her mother died, her father dying; when she was fourteen years old. Four years after the death of her father slie came to Illinois with her brother, Zenas Church, who settled in Bureau County, now a resident of Aurora. About one year after his marriage Mr. Glenn engaged in the mercantile trade at Middletown which he followed till his death. He died in Pennsylvania, where he went for the benefit of his health, his death taking place December 12, 1850, at the age of forty-one years. He left his widow and two sons - Charles, now deceased, and James A., our subject. November 7, 1854, Mrs. Glenn was married to George D. Glenn, a brother of her iirst husband. He was born in 18iy, and was a farmer by occupation. In 1868 he settled on section 21, this township, where his widow now lives. He improved the farm, on which he lived till his death, November 17, 1883, at the age of sixty-four years. He left a widow and one son - Winfield, who was born February 27, 1857, now living with his mother at the homestead.

John Long is one of the settlers of 1852, and has lived on his present farm, on section 28, since 1855. He was born in Amanda Township, Fairfield County, Ohio, November 25, 1805, where he '.vas reared and married Bethiah Long, who although of the same name was not a relative. In 1852 he removed with his wife and family, consisting of nine children, to Illinois, settling in Hurlbut Township, where he remained two years. He tlien bought his present farm. There were a few improvements made on the farm when he purchased it, but all his present improvements in the way of building, fencing, etc., he has made himself. The farm consists of 224 acres, twenty-four acres of which is timber land. Mr. Long is one of those who has made his own way in the world, having but a few hundred dollars when he came to Logan County. The wife, whom he brought to Logan County with him, assisted her husband in making a home but did not live long to enjoy it. She died in August, 1871, leaving nine children, all of whom lived to maturity. Two sons and three daughters are now living - Wesley, residing in Atlanta, Logan County, married Miss Addie Harrison, of Waynesville, Illinois, daughter of Dr. Harrison; Mrs. Nancy Ritchhart, widow of Philip Ritchhart; Ellen, wife of Charles Morse, of Hurl- but TowQsliip; John, aad Anna, wife of Michael Brinkett. The father of the subject of this sketch, James Long, was a native of New Jersey, and removed with his parents from his native State to Pennsylvania, where he married the mother nf our subject, removing soon after his marriage to Kentucky. Later he removed to Ohio, where he died. The mother came to Illinois to live with her children and died soon after. John H. Long, the only child at the homestead of our subject, was born in Ohio, May 8 , 1847, and with the exception of six years, four of which he was engaged in business at Atlanta, he has always lived at the homestead. He married Miss Callie Van Meter, born in Ohio, July 8, 1852, daughter of John R. Van Meter, of Logan County, Ohio.

Zaehariah Martin is a son of John Martin, who settled in what is now Menard County, then a part of Sangamon, in 1827, making his home at Irish Grove. John Martin was born in Virginia, and removed with his parents to Clinton County, Ohio, where he grew to manhood and married Miss Elizabeth Price, a native of Virginia. In 1827 John Martin, with his family, consisting of his wife and seven children, came to Illinois, as stated, and settled on a farm, which he improved and on which he lived for several years. He then sold out and removed to Tazewell County, where he remained but one year, when he came to Logan County and bought eighty acres in Corwin Township, which is now a part of the farm of his son, Zaehariah. Here he resided till his death, at the age of seventy-two years. His wife survived him for several years, being eighty-four years of age at her decease. Of the twelve children born to them, four died iu childhood in Ohio. Only three are now living - Mary, widow of J. Langeston, of Missouri; Mrs. Rachel Price, of "West Lincoln Township, and Zaehariah. The last named was born in Clinton County, Ohio, February 16, 1823, and was only four years of age when he came with his parents to Illinois. He has lived in Corwin Township most of the time since it was organized as a township, on the decease of his father purchasing the homestead farm, where he now lives, from the heirs. He is the only one of his father's family living in Corwin Township. He was married in this township to Margaret Banghan, a daughter of Berrimaii Banghan, also one of the pioneers of Logan County. In 1848 Mr. Martin was bereaved by the death of his wife, who left one son, John B., who was born January 10, 1847. Mi-. Martin lost a son in infancy. He has 365 acres in this township and also owns 120 acres in Sheridan Township.

Robert A. Rayium, of Middletown, is a representative of one of the pioneers of Logan County. His parents, Milton and Jane Barnett, were natives of Kentuckj', the former being born in Lincoln County, August 25, 1799, and the latter born March 19, 1797. They were married October 11, 1821, continuing to reside in Kentucky for several years. October, 1831, they came to Illinois with their family of three children - Robert A., Nathan B. and James L., the first mentioned being then a little more than four years old, and the youngest a babe of three or four months. The family passed the first winter at the house of Nathan Barnett, who lived about one mile southeast of the present village of Middletown. This was the winter of the " deep snow " and all that was accomplished by the settlers during that time was to keep themselves supplied, so fur as possible, with food and fuel, not always an easy thing to do, owing to the almost impossibility of getting away from home to procure the necessary articles of food. Springfield was the first point of trade with the settlers in this vicinity, and was then but a small village. Milton Rayb urn settled in Menard County, near the Logan County line, at what is known as " Irish Grove." Robert Rayburn, the father of Milton and the grandfather of Robert A. Rayburn, came here a year or two before Milton and entered land, and it was on a part of the land that he entered that his son Milton settled. Robert Rayburn resided with his son until his death in 1836. His wife died in Kentucky. Milton Rayburn built his first house on the eighty acres which had been his father's, but this being located in the timber he decided, after two or three years, to remove his house to another farm of 120 acres which he had purchased, just west of his original eighty acres. There he lived for many years. About 1854 he gave up farming and came to Middletown, where he engaged in the mercantile business, which he continued till within two or three years of his death, which occurred April 27, 1872. His wife had died several years before the death of her husband. Milton Rayburn was a man that stood high in the community in which he lived as an upright, honorable citizen. He was a man who made but little noise in the world, but whose influence was exercised in a quiet way, in the interest of righ t, as he believed it. In religion both he and his wife were Presbyterians. Politically, in the early days, he was a Whig, of the anti-slavery type, and later was a Republican. Mr. and Mrs. Milton Rayburn had five children, three sons, whose names have already been mentioned, and two daughters -

Lucinda, who married David Stone, both she and her husband being now deceased, and Elizabeth Jane, widow of Henry Post, who aecidently shot himself at Middletown in 1862. The three sons are all living - Robert A., at Middletown; Nathan B., of Martinsburg, Iowa, and James L., in Menard Connty. Eobert A. Eayburn, the eldest child, was born in Adair County, Kentucky, April 12, 1826, but has lived in this vicinity since he came here with his parents. He passed his early life in farming, except what time he served in the Mexican war. Since 1855 he has lived in Middletown. He was appointed postmaster of that place in 1864, at the same time engaging in the grocery trade. He was also elected a justice of the peace at about the same time, and these interests have received his attention since that time. Recently he has been siicceeded in the postoffiee by Eugenia B. Rayburn, and he was also, by reason of failing health, retired from trade and also from his official position. Mr. Rayburn was married December 16, 1848, to Isabella R. Snyder, born in Washington County, Indiana, in 1832. She is a daughter of John and Margaret (Kelso) Snyder, and came to Illinois with them when a child. June 18, 1878, Mrs. Rayburn died, after a married life of about .thirty years. Of the nine children born to them (five sons and four daughters) two sons and three daughters are now living - Garret E., Eugenia B.,Lula, Carrie M. and Robert C. The deceased children are - Charles M., Edward E., an infant daughter, unnamed, and Louis.

William P. Richards, deceased, son of Josiah Richards, was born in Champaign County, Ohio, in February, 1825, and came to Logan County, from Ohio, with his father's family, settling in Corwin Township. He was reared a farmer, an occupation which he has always followed. He was twice married, his first wife being Miss Elizabeth Musick, who died in June, 1853. November 27, 1855, he married Nancy A. Evans, born in Pickaway County, Ohio, in 1834, daughter of D. G. Evans. By his first wife Mr. Richards had one son, who died in infancy. By his second wife he had six children, four of whom are living - Lizzie F., wife of James W. Simmons; John E., David G., and Charles William. The deceased children are - Oella P. and Guy C. In 1849, when a young man, Mr. Richards went by the overland route to California, the trip taking about six months. Here he engaged in mining, in which he was quite successful. After being absent about one year he returned by way of the Isthmus. Mr. Richards died January 8, 1878. He improved the farm where his widow

John Wilson JSoiinson, residing on section 34, Corwin Township, was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1822, and is a son of John and Hannah (McDill) Robinson. His father was a native of Pennsylvania, coming to Ross County with his paternal uncle, his father having been killed by Indians while engaged in surveying and laying out lands where Chillicothe, Ohio, now stands. John Robinson, the father of our subject, reared a large family, all of whom are in prosperous circumstances. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. His wife died when John W. was ten years old. The latter spent his youth in assisting his father on the farm. After reaching maturity he spent eight years in Ross County. The prospect of gaining a competence without much means was not favorable in what had then become a comparatively old countrj' so he resolved to come West, and accordingly, with his brother Joshua, he started for Illinois, They first went to McDonough County but did not like the appearance of the land, nor did they find a location that pleased them till they reached the spot where Mr. Robinson now resides. He purchased 280 acres here in 1851, 240 acres of which was prairie land, and forty acres being timber land. No impi-ovements had been made on this land, but in February, 1852, Mr. Robinson began to improve his farm where he has since made his home. His brother Joshua also made a settlement adjoining. He never married and died in 1861, aged fortyone years. Two weeks after his first purchase of 280 acres Mr. Robinson bought another quarter-section, and in less than a year he and his brother had purchased about 1,000 acres. He now owns over 2,000 acres, nearly all being in one body. Since coming to Illinois he has been engaged in dealing in stock and farming, in which he has been very successful. His stock is of the highest grade, and for it he is always sure to get the full market value. When he came there he had about $1,300, which money he had acquired by his own exertions before coming West. He is now numbered among the wealthiest farmers of Logan County. January 18, 1855, Mr. Robinson was married to Harriet Lowrey who was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, in 1836, coming to Logan County with her parents, Thompson and Maria (McDonald) Lowrey, when a child. Mr. and Mrs. Robinson have no children. In politics Mr. Robinson is a Democrat. He is always interested in educational matters, and is a good neighbor and a worthy citizen.

Emanuel Turner \i2i& heen a resident of Logan County since October 17, 1845. In the fall of 1847 he located on his present farm, purchasing at first 160 acres from C. H. Moore. A small frame house liad been built on this land, and about forty acres had been broken. He occupied the house above mentioned till 1877 when his present fine frame residence was completed which was erected at a cost of $3,000. He has now 400 acres of land all under cultivation but eighty acres of timbered land, and his farm buildings are good. He has another residence and out buildings on the northwest part of his farm, a half mile distant. Mr. Turner was born in Page County, Virginia, June 15, 1822, his parents, Nathan and Anna, being also natives of Page County, where they lived till their death. Our subject remained at home till September 17, 1845, when he came to Logan County. November 7, 1847, he was married to Mrs. Matilda Musick, a daughter of John Donovan who settled in Logan County in 1834. They have had five children, three still living - William H., of CoUey County, Kansas ; James G., in Middletown, and Irvin G. H., at home. Jasper N., the third child, and Emma G., the youngest, are deceased. May 9, 1846, Mr. Turner enlisted at Postville in the service of the Mexican war. He was a member of Company I, Fourth Illinois Infantry, his regiment being commanded by gallant Colonel Baker, who fell at Ball's Bluff in the war of the Rebellion. Mr. E. Turner participated in the battles of Mattamoras and Cerro Gordo. He served seven months when he was discharged on account of disability, and has never fully recovered from the efiects of his service.

Chapter Xxii East Lincoln Tonwship

This township is bouaded as follows: On the north by Eminence Township, east by Oran Township, south by Chester Township, and west by West Lincoln Township, and contains the greater part of the city of Lincoln. It is crossed diagonally by the Chicago & Alton Railroad. Lawndale, a station on this road, is located in the northern part, on section 2. The township is drained by Kickapoo Creek, to the north, and Deer Creek, to the south. The township is exactly six miles square.

1867 - Supervisor, James Beers; Clerk, Samuel T. Atkins; Assessor, William G. Starkey; Collector, Thomas J. Pegram; Highway Commissioners, A. B. Nicholson, L. L. Hatton and Benjamin F. Smith; Justices, John S. Windsor and C. F. Stewart; Constables, Thomas B. Parker and Samuel E. Fergus.

East Lincoln was once heavily Republican, but a gradual cliange has taken place, until in 1884 the township went slightly Democratic. Following is the vote for President since the township was organized: is about seven miles northeast of Lincoln, on the Chicago & Alton Railroad. It was laid out by Thomas Esten, who built the first store on the plat. His son still carries on the business in the same building. The first dwelling in the village was built by R. K. Webster; the second by Mr. Esten, who was the first postmaster here. He came to this place as agent for a colony from Massachusetts, and built a saw-mill on the banks of the creek, which mill was, for several years, a great convenience to the people living in this vicinity. It has been torn down and removed. The village is an excellent grain point, shipping mostly to Chicago. It> contains two stores, two shops, one church and one school. C. C. Ewing is one of the earliest residents in this vicinity, he, his father, and his uncle, Judge Reuben B. Ewing, locating in 1830. The country was then a wilderness.

The business interests of Lawndale in 1885 are represented by these names: Aurelian Esten, general store and grain elevator;. Erearly & Co., general store and corn buyers; Pegram & Bro., grain elevator; J". F. Stewart, blacksmith; Reuben F. Druley, blacksmith; George Naugle, wagon shop; Lafayette Barger, postmaster; J. A. Cooper, station agent.

The church was built in 1872, by the Cumberland Presbyterians and Methodist Episcopals jointly, and the usual custom has been for them to have services alternate Sundays. Rev. Johnson, of Atlanta, comes here for the Methodists. The Cumberland Presbyterians iiave no minister, but Rev. A. Ritter, a Methodist Protestant, came to Lawndale in September, 1885, on a year's engagement. A. F. Poe is superintendent of the Sunday-school which is undenominational in character.

The Lawndale Literary Society was organized in December, 1885, with the purpose of holding meetings every week. Officers: J. 0.. Miller, President; W. H. Crawford, Vice-President; Patsy Peifer, Secretary; George Naugle, Treasurer.

Thomas Beers, deceased, was born in Pickaway County, Ohio,. October 8,. 1830. He is the son of Charles and Mary (Spowr)' Beers. He was reared on a farm, and when a boy his parents re- moved to Shelby, Shelby County, Ohio. When he was five years old they moved to Illinois, settling where Bloomington now stands. After living there two years they returned to Shelby County, Ohio, where onr subject grew to manhood, receiving more than an ordinary common-school education. December 4, 1859, he was married in Miami County, Ohio, to Miss Hettie J. Martin, a daughter of Daniel and Susan (Shelley) Martin, who came from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, when Mrs. Beers was twelve years old. In May, 1861, Mr. and Mrs. Beers came to Logan County, settlingon what was known as the Duif farm,in ^tna Township, where they resided one year. They then moved to East Lincoln Township, two miles east of Lincoln, residing there four years, movinw from there to the farm joining the homestead. In 1868 they settled on the homestead, where Mr. Beers passed the best of his days. Mr. and Mrs. Beers had four children, three of whom are living - Emma A., wife of William E. Town; Ida K ; John William, married Hattie Poe; Eva E., who died at the age of ten years and nine months. Mr. Beers and his wife and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically Mr. Beers cast his vote with the Eepublican party. He died October 8, 1883.

James T. Brown was born in Hart County, Kentucky, in April, 1843, and is the second son and third child of Patrick Henry Brown, a native of Virginia, of Scotch descent. The mother of our subject, Louisa (Enlows) Brown, was the second wife of Patrick H. Brown, and was a native of Kentucky. James T. Brown was reared on a farm, receiving his education in the common schools. In 1856 he, with his father's family, came to Illinois, settling in Pike County, where the father died in 1859, leaving his wife and a large family of children in limited means. As the elder brother of our subject enlisted in 1862, dying while in the service of the terrible civil war, the care of the family devolved upon our subject. In 1864 they came to Logan County, and settled on the farm, adjoining his present farm, and in 1869 he moved on his present farm, which contains 160 acres of improved land. In 1867 Mr. James T. , Brown was married to Miss Mary Lewis, born in Kentucky, a daughter of Francis and Frances (Jarber) Lewis. They are the parents of three children - William F., Walter V. and Nellie. Both Mr. Brown and his wife are members of the Baptist church. Politically he affiliates with the Republican party.

John B. Downey, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Warren County, Ohio, April 18, 1848, and is the eldest of the six children of Eleazar and Elizabeth (Worley) Downey. Eleazar Downey was a native of Virginia and his wife was born in Ohio. Our subject was reared on a farm, receiving his education at the common schools. He resided with his parents until 1868, when he came to Logan County, where he remained for a time. He then returned to his native home, remaining till the following spring, when he returned to Logan County and engaged in farming on his present farm in 1873, where he has 120 acres, all under a high state of cultivation, the farm being owned by his father. He was married October 2, 1872, to Miss Mary Alice Riggs, a native of Sangamon County, Illinois. By this union there was one child - Fairy Alice. Mr. and Mrs. Downey are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically Mr. Downey is a Republican.

W. D. Duff was born in Sangamon County, Illinois, February 20, 1835. He is the youngest son of Ebenezer and Sarah (McClure) Duff; the former, of Scotch-Irish descent, was born in North Carolina and reared in Kentucky, and the latter, of Scotch descent, was born in Kentucky. In the year 1828 they moved to Sangamon County, Illinois, residing there until 1855, when they removed to Logan County, where they resided until their death, Mrs. Duff dying in 1863 and Mr. Duff March 29, 1884. They were members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. Our subject was reared in his native county, and came with his parents to Logan County in 1855. He settled in jEtna Township and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He was married March 15, 1859, to Miss Emeline H. Lavison, born in Logan County, a daughter ot'T. J. and Catherine Ann (Hoblit) Lavison. In 1866 Mr. Duff removed to his present farm in East Lincoln Township, which contains 320 acres of improved land. Mr. and Mrs. Duff have eleven children - Adah Bell, wife of T. L. McConnell; J. T. married Kittie Graham; Charles E., James M., |Myrtle E., Emeline H., Maud C, Jessie, Blanch, Elizabeth H. and Helen. In politics Mr. Duff is a Republican.

William Henry Dunham (deceased) was one of the most prominent pioneers of Logan County and none is more worthy of notice. He was born in Warren County, Ohio, November 15, 1821, and is the eldest of the eleven children of James and Catherine (Banta) Dunham. His parents were both of English descent and came from the New England States to Ohio at an early day. Our subject was reared on a farm and reseived his education at the common school, mastering the languages by hard study at home. In connection with his farming pursuits, he engaged in teaching. He also fitted himself for the ministry in the Christian church, beginning to preach when only nineteen years of age. He also became conversant with the medical profession. He resided with his parents till his marriage, which occurred October 30, 1844. His wife was Miss Lydia "Wilgus, born in "Warren County, Ohio, July 4, 1823, a daughter of "William and Mary ("Wright) "Wilgus, natives of New Jersey, who came to Ohio at an early day. Mr. and Mrs. Dunham resided in "Warren County until 1856, coming in the spring of that year to Logan County, Hlinois, locating in Atlanta. After engaging in the mercantile business for a short time he moved to a farm near that village. He then moved to Centralia, where he lived three years, engaged in school teaching. He then returned to Logan County and purchased eighty acres of unimproved land and began making a home. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Sixth Illinois Infantry. He was first made Sergeant and served in the Army of the Tennessee until near the close of the war, when he was honorably discharged June, 1865. He here lost his health, which he never recovered. Mr. and Mrs. Dunham had nine children of whom five lived till maturity. Two still survive - Lydia and Eosa. Those deceased are - Augustus, Quincy, Monroe, Lucy, "William J., May C. and Anna. Mr. Dunham died July 12, 1878, leaving his wife, children, and a large number of friends to mourn his loss. He had been magistrate under the administration of Governor Oglesby.

Christopher C. Ewmg, one of the prominent early settlers of Logan County, is a native of "White County, Illinois, born November 25, 1818. He is the fourth son and sixth child of John and Elizabeth (Dillard) Ewing, the former a native of East Tennessee and the latter of North Carolina. They were married in East Tennessee, coming to Illinois in 1809. John Ewing was a soldier in the war of 1812, serving until its close. "Wl^en the subject of this sketch was eleven years of age his parents moved to Tazewell County, now a part of Logan, and bought of the Government a large tract of valuable land, where they died, the mother surviving the father six years. Christopher C. Ewing was reared in Logan County, living with his parents and caring for them as long as they lived. "When they settled in this county, the Indians were their neighbors and were often troublesome and even quarrelsome. The Black Hawk war broke out the year following their settlement and the eldest son of the family enlisted and served till its close. Our subject well remembers the deep snow of 1831. His father brought 150 head of cattle, besides horses and sheep, to the county, and they were obliged to haul feed for their stock a distance sometimes of four miles, with the snow three feet on a level and drifted in some places over the fences. This was a hard winter and often did they repent coming North, and many times were tempted to return to their old home, bat have never repented their decision to remain in their prairie home. In November, 1833, was witnessed what was called the meteoric shower, which, in grandeur, surpassed the great snow and Indian horrors. From midnight till daylight there was a blaze of meteors as thick as snow flakes, and apparently everything was on fire. Some thought the end of the world had come, and many got together and held a prayer-meeting. In the summer of 1835 our subject accompanied an older brother to Chicago, with a load of wheat. They drove an ox team and were two weeks in making the trip, and six weeks in completing the journey home. They sold their wheat at 75 cents a bushel and loaded their wagon with salt, sugar, cofl'ee, etc. Chicago at that time was a small village, and several tribes of Indians were camping on its present site, many of them being there awaiting pay day. Fort Dearborn was at that time strongly garrisoned to hold them in check, but they were often imposed upon, the whites with the aid of whisky often robbing them of the greater part of their money. In December, 1836, our pioneers experienced another severe change in the atmosphere and lost heavily of their stock and poultry, and in some cases their own lives. The snow had been falling for a day or two when a drizzling rain set in which continued until about 2 o'clock in the afternoon, melting the snow and converting it into a thin mushy ice. Suddenly there came a mighty, rushing wind from the northwest, which roared at a distance like a hurricane and froze everything in its course. The water on the ponds was frozen in waves, and all who were out suffered more or less, as in an hour the mercury changed from forty degrees above to thirty degrees below zero. This severe weather continued three days,and resulted in much sickness throughout the country. Experiencing in his youth these severe tests, our subject learned lessons of endurance and perseverance which in later life has made him one of the most successful and progressive of Logan County's citizens.

In 1845 he was chosen as a suitable inaa for magistrate and elected, serving for a period of four years. In I^ovember, 1849, he was elected associate judge, which position he held till 1853, when he retired from public life, and has since devoted his whole attention to the farm, which now contains 2,000 acres under fine cultivation. He is also the owner of 1,200 acres of land in Colorado. Mr. Ewing has been married three times. His first marriage was to Miss M. A. Williams, who came from Kentucky to Illinois two years prior to their union, which occurred in May, 1842. Four children were born to them, two of whom are living. Mrs. Ewing died in May, 1849. In October, 1849, Mr. Ewing married Adaline Metcalf, a native of Illinois, who died October 22, 187Y. Of the eight children born to them seven are living. In the fall of 1878 Mr. Ewing married Elizabeth Ellis, a native of Ohio, and to them have been born three children, two of whom, Jessie and Bessie, are living. Mr. and Mrs. Ewing are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he affiliates with the Republican party.

Henry W. Foster was born in Daviess County, Indiana, September 3, 1823. He is a son of Arthur J. and Sarah (Kelso) Foster; the former, of Scotch and Irish ancestry, was a native of Indiana, and the latter was born in South Carolina. When our subject was seven years of age his parents removed to Macon County, Illinois, where they resided one year, moving from thereto McDonough County, Illinois, where our subject was reared on a farm, receiving a limited education in the subscription schools. His father died when he was seventeen years old, and, he being the eldest child, the care of the farm and the support of his mother and the family devolved upon him. He resided at home until he was twenty-four years of age. November 4, 1846, he was married to Miss Eliza Kirkpatrick, born in Illinois, a daughter of David and Sarah (Cox) Kirkpatrick, who came from Tennessee to Adams County in 1830. Mr. and Mrs. Foster after their marriage settled on a farm, where he followed agricultural pursuits until March, 1881, when he removed to Logan County and purchased his present farm of eighty acres of improved land. Mr. and Mrs. Foster have had seven children, six of whom are living - Hon. John T., a farmer, in this county; Sylvania B., wife of Uev. William McDavid, of Montgomery County, Illinois; Sylvanus M., died at the age of twentysix years ; Theodocia E.; Sarah I., wife of John Johnson ; Carrie E., and William F. Both Mr. and Mrs. Foster are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. In politics Mr. Foster was

Milikln Guttery, son of Andrew and Sarali Gr. Guttery, was born in Warren County, Ohio, in 1810. He was reared on a farm, and was educated in the subscription schools. When our subject was eight years of age his father died, and from that time he was dependent upon his own energy, making his living at farming and carpenter work. March 29, 1838, he was married to Miss Rebecca T. Stevenson, also a native of Warren County, Ohio. They were married in the State of Indiana, both being residents there at that time. They farmed in Boone County, Indiana, uniil the spring of 1865, when he purchased his present farm of 232 acres in Logan County, Illinois. After cultivating and improving this farm until 1874 they removed to Lincoln, in order that their children might be educated. In 1880 they moved to Sullivan County, Missouri, and returned, two years later, to his old farm in Illinois. Nine children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Gruttery, six of whom are living - Sarali, Ann Eliza, Samuel, William, Laura and Josephus. Mr. and Mrs. Guttery are both earnest Christians and strong supporters of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. Mr. Guttery affiliates with the Democratic party.

Conrad Kross was born in Prussia, December 21, 1820, and was reared on a farm. Ho resided with his parents, Henry and Mary Kross, until he was twenty-seven years of age, leaving in 1847 for the United States. He first located near St. Louis, Missouri, and engaged in farming one year. He then came to Jacksonville, Illinois, wliere he followed the same occupation. He was married July 15, 1858, to Miss Augusta Paulina Tohn, daughter of Godfrey and Catherine Tohn. Mrs. Kross is a native of the same place as her husband, and came to the United States with her brother in 1857, settling in Jacksonville. Mr. and Mrs. Kross settled in Logan County, buying a farm of eighty acres of improved land. He now has 100 acres of improved land, under a high state of cultivation. They are the parents of six children - Cattierine, wife of John Smith ; Mary E., wife of Charles Hezenstep; Joseph, Anne, Elizabeth and Trasia. Mr. Kross is a self-made man, who by hard work and close attention to his pursuits has accumulated a good property. He and his wife are members of the Catholic church. In politics he is a Democrat.

Brown) Nicholson, the former a native of Maysville, Kentucky, and of Irish oria;in, and the latter born in North Carolina and of Scotch descent. "When our subject was four years of age his parents removed to Bristol, Indiana, and at the age of six years to Cass County, Michigan, and were among the first settlers of the St. Joseph Valley. Here Aaron B. Nicholson was reared on a farm, and received his early education in the subscription schools of the early days. October 28, 1846, he was married to Miss Jane Norton, daughter of Pleasant and Eachel Norton, and a native of Ohio. To them were born two children - Charles A., and Emma J., now wife of Marshall Howell. Mrs. Nicholson died March 12, 1851. November 28, 1851, he was again married, to Mary A. Eastman, who was born on March 2, 1835, the daughter of John Eastman, who removed from Ohio to Michigan, among the early settlers. By this marriage there were five children - Elvira, wife of Hezekiah Shaners; Euth, wife of Keuben Ewing; Lillie E. ; Albert, who married Jossie Lalond, and Edwin B. In April, 1856, our subject, in company with his father's family, removed to Logan County, Illinois, settling near Mt. Pulaski, where his parents passed the remainder of their days, and were buried in one grave, Mrs. Nicholson dying on March 1, 1860, and Mr. Nicholson the day following. Our subject resided south of Mount Pnlaski until the fall of 1860, when, being elected to the oflBce of sherifl' of Logan County, he removed to the city of Lincoln, where he resided two years, or until the expiration of his term of ofiice. He then removed to his present farm, where he has since resided. In 1862 he was appointed by the court of Logan County as land commissioner to dispose of all lands known as the county swamp lands. In 1869 he was elected by the people of his district to the State Senate, where he served a term of four years under the old Constitution. He was re-elected in 1873 for a shore term of two years, after which he was appointed by Governor John L. Beveridge a trustee of the Institution for the Feeble-Minded. Mr. Nicholson is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Politically he has always affiliated with the Republican party. He]is now living a retired life on his farm of 160 acres near Lincoln, Illinois.

Nicholas Peifer was born in Prussia in 1819, and is a son of Theodore and Catharine (Leizor) Peifer. He was reared a farmer, an occupation which he has always followed. In 1817 he came to the United States, settling in Illinois, working by the day for a period of five years. October 17, 1852, he was married to Miss

Catharine Roaeh, a native of Ireland, who came to America at the age of eighteen years. H.is first permauent location was in Tazewell County, Illinois, where he resided about fourteen years. In 1867 he purchased his present home, the farm containing 240acre8 of valuable land. Of the nine children born to Mr. and Mrs. Peiter eight still survive - Cecilia, the eldest, is a Sister of Charity of the Jacksonville Convent; Theodore, Henry, Mary, John, Thomas, Frank and Katie. Mr. and Mrs. Peifer are devout members of the Catholic church. Politically Mr. Peifer affiliates with the Democratic party.

Joel JJ. Starkey, born in Madison County, Illinois, April 18, 1822, is the youngest of the eleven children of Jesse and Abigail (Russel) Starkey. Mr. Jesse Starkey, a native of Virginia, was of English descent, and his wife, a native of Tennessee, was of Welsh ancestry. In 1809 they came to Illinois and entered a tract of Government land, and began to make a frontier home. He served through the war of 1812 as a Ranger, aft«srward settling down on his farm, where he spent the rest of his life. He served as magistrate under the Territorial Government for many years. His death occurred in 1830, his wife surviving him until 1865. Our subject was reared on a farm, receiving his education in the subscription schools. He resided with his mother until he grew to manhood after which he cared for her until her death. February 14, 1845, he was married to Miss Jane C. Hagerman, a native of Dearborn County, Inuiana, and a daughter of Daniel and Jane C. Hagerman. He engaged in farming in Madison County until the spring of 1869, when they moved to Logan County and purchased his present farm in East Lincoln Township, where he has since resided. Mr. and Mrs. Starkey are the parents of nine children, six of whom survive - Jesse R., John W., Horace E., James C, Mary E. and Robert N. The deceased are - Julia A., Daniel H. and Edgar C. Mr. Starkey is a member of the present Board of Supervisors. Both he and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. In politics he casts his vote for the Democratic party.

O. H. Strong/ was born in Marlborough, Windham County, Yermont, March 6, 1820. He is a son of David and Abigail (Pinney) Strong, who were natives of Connecticut. Our subject was reared on a farm, receiving a limited common-school education. He resided with his parents until his majority. June 16, 1847, he was married to Miss Sarah A. Thomas, daughter of Henry and Sarah

(Adam) Thomas, and a native of Winchester, New Hampshire. In 1858 he removed to Greenfield, Massachusetts, where he engaged in the mercantile trade for eight years. In 1867 he removed to Logan County, engaging in the mercantile business in Lincoln, and in 1870 he settled on his present farm, two miles east of Lincoln, which he purchased in 1867. His homestead contains eighty acres, besides which he owns another farm in the township. Mr. and Mrs. Strong have had two children, one of whom is living - Cliristina, wife of W. B. Waljeman, of Lincoln. George F. died at the age of three years and tliree months. Both Mr. Strong and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically Mr. Strong affiliates witii the Republican party.

Edward L. Wodeski is a native of Poland, and was born May 30, 1819. He is a son of I. G. and I. C. (Syke) Wodeski, and was reared on a farm in his native country until he was about eighteen years of age, when he immigrated with his parents to the United States, locating in Baltimore, Maryland, where he engaged in various occupations. He learned the wagonmaker's trade, which he followed for several years. He was married October 12, 1847, to Miss I. Y. Davis, a daughter of Major Samuel Davis, who was born in Maryland, of English descent. At the age of twelve he went into the Eevolntionary war as a drummer boy, serving through that war, also serving in all the Indian troubles until after the war of 1812. His wife was Margaret Barrett, a native of Maryland, and of Scotch descent. Soon after his marriage Mr. Wodeski came to Logan County, Illinois, settling on what is known as the Eooky Ford, eight miles west of Lincoln. After residing here for nine years, clearing and improving the place, he moved five miles east and purchased eighty acres of unimproved land. Here he began to make a new home, and resided here for eight or nine years. He then sold this farm and purchased 157 acres of land with very little improvements, and improved the third farm in Logan County. He resided there for nine years, and then purchased his present farm of 135 acres, where he has since resided. He has accumulated his property by his own industry and exertions. Mr. and Mrs. Wodeski have had nine children, eight of whom lived to maturity, and seven of whom still survive - Edward E., a resident of Lincoln, married Miss Ann Simpson; Mary E., wife of 0. William McCoy, of Lincoln ; Julia, wife of George Larison, of Lincoln; John S., married Miss Ella McOue, and died, at the age of twenty-seven years, September 17, 1883, leaving a wife; Kate, wife of W. A. Stuart, of York County, Nebraska; Thomas J., and Lucian L. and Charles C. ; William C. died in infancy. Mr, Wodeski is a member of the old school Lutheran church, while his wife is a member of Cumberland Presbyterian church. In politics Mr. Wodeski is a Democrat.