Goshen Township (part 1 of 2)

Goshen Township

PIOR to tli(> organization of Stark count\% townshi]) 13 north, range 5 east, was a part of Lynn townsliip, Knox county, and up to 1853 was known as district No. 4, of Stark county, or Lafayette precinct, to distinguish it from Massilon precinct, or West Jersey. Unlike the greater part of the military tract, it was not extensive!}^ entered by soldiers; so that when the actual settler arrived he was not surrounded by the uncertainties of title attached to other townships, even in this county. With the exception of the eastern sections, broken by Indian creek, the surface is just sufficiently rolling to meet the desires of the agriculturalist. Coal of superior quality underlies the township, but the industry has not been developed to any extent. There are a few prairie tracts, and in the neighborliood of Walnut creek, a fertile valley. The streams known as Indian creek and Walnut creek, with numerous rivulets, course through the township; the Rock Island & Pacific railroad runs almost east and west through its center; the farms and farm-houses speak of taste and thrift, and altogether the happy name of Goshen is truly apjilicable. Lafayette, the only village in the township, is a thriving business place, with a population bordering on 350. In 1880 its population was 265, and that of the townshi]), including the village, 1,192. The school, the church and temperance have for years claimed much attention from this people, and the result manifests itself in a thousand conciliator}^ evidences of intelligence an 1 prosperity.

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Se/iools. - The appointment of Lnther Driscoll, C. H. Miner and Samuel Parrish as school trustees. April <;. lSo9, was the initial point in the school histcfry of Goshen. On September 5, 1845. a petition of 75 voters demanded the sale of the school section, and between July. 184:7, and February, 1851, the whole section was disposed of. One of the first, if not the first schoolhouse in Goshen township, was that overlooking the Indian camp, two miles from the Harris farm, on the old state road. Captain Harris, referring- to this old .school, connects it with the capture of the Mormon, Joseph Smith, thus : *' One day while the boys were out, he saw a fine covered carriage - the first he ever saw - drawn by a span of spanking gray horses. Two gentlemen were within, with nice silk hats, and as they drew up one of them asked which was the wa}^ to Osceola. Harris gave them the required information, which they acknowledged, and pushed forward with all speed. The pursuing officers soon arrived, inqitired of the l)oys if two gentlemen in a carriage had passed this way, and being answered in the affirmative, the officers also dashed forward toward Osceola. At noon the ]nirsued and the pursuers returned as prisoners and captore. Joseph Smith, the Mormon prophet, was >?» route to the scene of his trao-ic death." This reminiscence is Driven as a leo-end rather than an historical fact, for the writer cannot fix Joseph Smith's visit to Stark, or connect him in anv particular wav with the story. The first school election was held at Elijah Eltzworth's house, in October, 1840. when Luther Driscoll. Samuel Parrish, Charles H. Miner, Jerry Bennett and Jacob Emery were elected trustees and T. F. Hm'd chosen treasurer. They divided the township into Indian Creek. Lafavette, Emerv and Fahrenheit disti-icts. In January. 1841, "a subscription for the pur- ])ose of making up a school"' was circulated, and a letter addressed to Colonel Henderson, asking him to introduce a bill providing for the payment to Stark of its quota of the Putnam and Knox counties' school fund. In July, 1843. 830.48 was paid to the Lafayette: $17.32 to the Fahrenheit, and 86.50 to the Indian Creek. At this time John T. Guthrie, Abby A. Walter and Abigail A. Lewis were exam- ined and received teachers' certificates. Henry T. Ives was appointed treasurer. In September, 1843, there were 68 children in the Fahrenheit; 187 in the Lafayette, and 47 in the Indian Creek district. In the fall of 1843 a large number of the pupils attended school at Lafayette and^'Ingen Creek." Miss Bradley, John MclNJurphy, Eliza Rhodes, John W. Henderson, J. B. Lewis and P. L. Ililliard were teachers here in 1844. In April, 1845, the question of tax for repairing schoolhouses was voted on. In 1843-44 Minott Silliman, W. M. Miner and Israel Stoddard were trustees; in 1844, C. IL Miner, II. lihodes and H. T. Ives. In this year Wm. M. Miner was teacher of the Fahrenheit and Abby A. Walters during the summer, while Abigail A. Lewis presided at the''Ingen Creek" school. Geoi'ge Jackson was chosen trustee in 1844. In 1845 H. J. Rhodes, Joseph AYilbur, George W. Jackson, John White and Harry Hayes were elected. In November, 1845, Lafayette district was divided; and in 1840 the several districts voted a tax of 15 cents ])er centum of v;duatlon for school pur})oses. In October, 1847, there were 430 white children reported in the township. About this time the schools known as Northwest, Lafayette, Fahrenheit, Toulon, LTnion and Emery's were changed in name to Nos. ] , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, respectively, in 1848 Daniel J). Driscoll, B. L. Hilliard, Harvey J. Rhodes, trustees, and II. T. Ives, treasurer, approved a plat of the numbered districts. In October, 1851, there were 529 children of school age in the township. In 1840 there were 519 pupils in the seven districts of the township. L. Redfield pi-esided over District No. 8 school, in Febi'uary, 185('). He labored for $15 salary and board, and of the 28 ])upils enrolled 24 generally attended. In October Miss E. J. Creighton was teacher, receiving $5 per week. There was a chair in this house but no blackl)oard. ''McGuflfey's Fourth Reader" was the leading book used; but pu})ils brought with them almost any book which they could obtain. The same trustees served with II. T. Ives, treasurer, until April, 1854, wlien A. Smith was chosen treasurer, with H. Nance, J. F. Thompson and J. H. Wilber, trustees. The teachers liere in 1050-57 were E. P. Ilickok, Miss E. A. Richardson, Leander Redfield, Miss Patience G. Colburn, C. J. Gill, E. K. Evans, Maria Lacy, A. J. Scott, Avis M. Johnson, Miss E. J. Creighton, Lucy W. Morton, S. T. Williams, James B. Emery, II. II. Clock, George Loljinger, J. C. Baker, Harriet P. Dewey, J. J. Clark, Charles Myers (District No. 1, Toulon), George N. Spahr (Stark and Henry), and Patrick Nowlan. In this vear J. IL Wilber, Benjamin Todd aiul Julius Ives were elected trustees with H. Nance, treasurer. In 18r)7 Ira il Reed was elected trustee ^'vVt^ Tiiomjison, and in October the eleven districts were describetl and established. Among the new teachers were Rudolph Babcock, Lydia Church, James Squires, W. B. Moreland, Jennie Goodlander, S. B. Curtis and Salatheel Williams. In 18.">8 B. M. Jackson was elected trustee, and Districts No. 12 and 13 were added. Lucretia I). Burgis, Laura Jackson, H. Grant, Harriet Snider, Hannah Morey, Amelia L. Liaise}', L. E. Miner, T. C. McChesness, John W, Ogle, Nelson Atkins, Frances Cfiapman, Lucy Stiles, Flavia Robinson, Harriet Rhodes and A. M. Herbert were the new teachers.

Isaac L. Hart was trustee in 1858. and in '59, J. W. Eodgere, James Inglis, W.AV. Wright and Hiram Xance served up to Jnlv. 18t3(i, when Daniel J. Hurd was appointed treasurer. In 1862. John Emery was elected trustee: in '64, Elijah Eltzworth and John A. White; in ^Q(\ William Ogle and William Xowlan ; in '68, William Xowlan : in B. L. Hilliard. Looman Himes; in '71, Eqbert Moore and John A. White: in '74, George Bradley; in '76, R. Bruce Jamieson, now of Abingdon, Knox county ; in '77, Robert Moore ; in '79, J. W. Dexter : in '8<^ George W. Potter and J. H. Quinn : in '81, John A. White to fill vacancy. In April, 1881, Daniel J. Hurd, after serWng as treasurer twenty-one years, gave place to C. M. Beecher. In '82, X. C. Brown took his piace as trustee ; Frank A. Jones, in '83, vice George W. Potter, John A. White, in '84; F. A. Jones and W. F. Price, in '86. In April. "84. the property deeded by David Smith to the school trustees, now known as the addition to the old Lafayette burial ground, was deeded by them to the village trustees. In 1886 there were 271 males, and 26(> females under twentA^-one years, one graded school and eight ungi'aded schools, attended ])y 23n pupils, and pi'esided over b}" five male and thirteen female teachers ; the former earning S865.35, and the latter si. 795.45. Tax levy, §2,695: total receipts, 85,610.63; total ex))enditures, 83,321.34. C. M. Beecher was serving as treasurer.

The justices of the peace are named in the following list : 1853, H. R. Halsev and II. J. Rhodes: "55, Henry T. Ives: *57, Isaac L. Hart and Jacob W.Rogers: '61. Minott Silliman and D. M. Kellv : '65, Hugh Rhodes, H. R. Ilalsey : '69, Hugh Rhodes, James F. Thonipson ; '73, W. W. Rhodes and J. F. Thompson : Robert Fell (June) : '74, Luther Geer ; '75, P. P. Johnson : "77, J. F. Tliompson. Payton P. Johnson: '81. James F. Thomson: '82. R.F.Williamson: 's."). Perry Winn, James F. Thomson.

Pioneer Neighhors. - As stated in the general history the Frakers, Owens and Fitch families were the first settlers in the northeastern part of Knox county, and consequently the first in the neighborhood of West Jersev and Goshen townships. Fraker had purchased a few quarter sections prior to his coming here, on one of which was an Indian village. When he arrived the Indians strongly objected to his settlement, but in the face of the L'nited States patents they concluded to leave, and moved their town to Indian creek of Spoon river, seven miles east of Fraker's grove, to which they often paid visits, and every spring would go there to raise squaw corn and vegetables and make sugar, their trail i-unning just two miles south of Lafayette village, through what was kniAvn as Cedar townshij), of Knox county. During the Black Hawk war the northeast part of Knox and what are now the western towns of Stark, were thrown into great excitement, and settlers rushed to and fro bet\veen Henderson Fort and Essex Foi't. but troubles settling down, all returned to their homes except Amelia Fraker (afterwards Mrs. James Jackson, of Lafa3^ette) who remained with friends at the fort.

The settlement of Lynn townshij), Knox county, dates back to 1830, when Michiiel Fraker settled at the grove. There he erected a hand mill for the use of himself and neighbors. William Dunbar purchased the original burrs, and appointed Washington Dunbar miller. Prior to this the Dunbars had a mortar mill. William Hitchcock and Julia Fraker were the first pai'ties married, and their example was followed by Peter Miner and Matilda Smith, Squire Fitch officiating. William Dunbar was a pioneer of Lynn township, Knox county, as he \vas of Goshen township. Stark county. He was known as the " Old Hatter.'' His hats were so substantially built, that it was common for his customers to come in year after year to have them cleaned and remodeled. His beaver hats showed the na}), and so on down to the common rabbit skin. It is said that he was accustomed to attach a large number of hats to the back of his coat and siioulders, mount his horse, and go out on liis peddling ex])editions so accoutred. He was also a shoemaker, and whenever a supply of sole leather failed, he would use l)ass\vood instead, and attach the uppers thereto. A special census of Goshen townshi]i, taken in the S])ring of 186(». by Lewis Perry, gives tlie following list of the survivors of pioneer times, then residing in the township : Mr. Adams, Susan Miner, C. Driscoll, Lundy Baker, Mary Smitii, Caroline Wdson, Sarah Rvan, Olive Newton, Emily White, Hilliard, J. J. Pollok, McClenahan, W. Ogle, Perry and A. Swarts, Messrs. Harrison Miner, W. M. JMiner, L. E. Miner, Harris Miner, Ruloif Parrish, Jeremiah Bennett, Bethuel Parrish, Harry Hays, A. 'N. Harris, J. H. Wilber, Ira C. Reed, C. S. Driscoll. John Cundiff, Charles Smith. AI)ijah Manning, J. A. White, S. M. White, Stephen Ordway, Elijah Eltzw(jrth. P>. M. Jackson, Israel Stoddard, Marcus Stoddard, Robert Mitchell, Minott Silliman, William Ogle, Andrew Swarts, A. D. Perr3% Lewis Perry, J. H. Barnett, Barnabus Frail, Jacob Emery, David Emery, John Emery. Daniel, George and Elijah McClenahan, Nelson Grant, Isaac Grant, Xelson Bonham. It is i-elated that when the Frakers, Owens and Fitchs, De Harts and Jones settled in the neighborhood of Walnut grove and Fraker's grove, early in IS^O, the Frakers were not aware of settlers nearer to them than Flenderson, until some travelers informed Jones and De- Hart of Walnut grove of the existence of the Fraker settlement, some distance east. DeHart, his wife and two children called on the Frakers next da}', and were their first white neighbors.

Ceineterle!<. - Lafayette cemetery dates back to LS37. In it the following named old residents were interred : Abiah Manning, 1872 ; Eliza Manning, '60; Gideon B. Gillette, '49; Mary Ballentine, '77: Sarah J. Grant, '75; Jane A. Smith, '58; Howard Gi-ant, '59 ; Joshua Grant, '65; Thalia Grant, \53; John Mason, '77; Barzillai (\arter, '81; William Rice, '80; William Snyder, "8f; Eliza (Snvder) Smith, '61; Ann Fall, '77; Ruluff Parrish, '82; Chloe R. Miner, '78; Horace Miner,

The McClenahan family cemetery in this townshi]) is an ancient burial ground. There are a few interments here, outside of members of the family, ^vhich are noticed in other pages.

The original town of Lafayette, blocks 1 to 10, of eight lots each, extending from Fi'anklin north to Monroe, and from Timber east to Hoggins, was surveyed July 7. 1836, by George A. Charles, for William Dunbar. Main street formed the center of the town, with Franklin. Jackson, Wasiiington, Lafayette, Jefferson, and Monroe running east and west. The ])lat was acknowledged by Justice Josiah Witcher, of Knox county. Among the first purchasers of lots at Lafayette were P>. M. Jackson, 1846; Dan. J. Hurd, "49; Theo. F. Hurd, '50; Sabina Miner, '54; Emeline Headley, '53; George Farr, '47; Jacob Ross, '58; Washington Dunbar, '47; Sarah Messenger, '53; Henry Dunbar, '43; George W. Dunl)ar, '43; James E. White, '4H; G. W. Jackson, '40; Peter F. Miner, '37; W. F. Reed, L. B. Leonard, '43; James B. Lewis, '46; Andrew Church, Eliza Sellon, '51; Thomas C, Moore, Driscoll & Gooding, '53; William D. Runyan, '47; Nathan Barlow, '50; Jacob Ross, '53; E. Gunsaul, '48; David W. Brown, James Brink, and James Dunn, '39 ; Asael Holmes, '41 ; Harry Hayes,

The vote on incorporating the village in 186)9 was forty-one for, thirteen contra. In September, 1872. a change in charter was desired, and on this question twenty-four affirmative and eighteen negative votes were recorded. The trustees elected annually are named as follows :

The first store was built bv^ Jesse C. Ware, on the site of the Lvnd House. In 1838, store buildiiifi's were erected bv Barnabas M. Jackson and Theodore Hurd. Ira (J. Reed also estal)lished his shoe-sho]) here that 3'ear, and tliese, with William Dunbor, made up the first business circle of the town. In 1841 the first schoolhouse was erected, the hard-wood lumber being sawed at Leek's mill near Centreville. The Lafayette carding and woolen mill was estal)lished here, but, after running a sliort time, it closed down, entailing heavy loss on a few of the enterprising men who brought it mto existence. T. W. Ross was postmaster at Lafayette from 1852 to 1860. Lafayette business circle comprises ,]. S. Atherton, liardware and postottice; Beecher & Bailey, AV. Simpson, J. F. Thomson, merchants; J. M. Jones, harness; Burns & IIa])tonstall, meat market; A. Bevier, wagons; T. W. Ross, blacksmith ; J. R. Crawford and L. T. Sprague, physicians; E. G. Hill A: Co., lumber, etc., etc. ; F. W. Eltzworth, churn and bee-hive manufacturer and planing mill ; Johnson Bros., farm imjJements and Avagons; Hough IJros., grain; C. R. Miner, hotel; Misses Smith, millinery; ^y. B. Smith, grain and lumber; Samuel White, brick and tile; John Williams, boots and shoes; James Martin and W. T. Dickenson, carpenters; James Kinney, insurance: W. S. Price, photogra])her; George K. Boggs, railroad agent.

The only men now in Lafayette, who were here when T. W. Ross settled in April, 1848, and who are now in the village, are James F. Thomson. Cjipt. C. P. Jackson, and E. L. Jackson. Among the women then and now here were Mrs. C. A. Wilson, Mrs. Ann Parker. Mrs. Harriet Treadway, Mrs. Wilbur. Outside the village, a few of the old settlei's still remain.

The pensioners residing at Lafayette in November, 1883, Avei'e Mary Howell, Mary C. Driscoll, Sarah Bevier, Sarah Gillett, eight dollars each ; William H. Hurd, E. S. Bufium, and W. T. Dickenson, six dollars; AV. J. Hamilton, ten dollars; and S. W. Ilaptonstall, twelve dollars.

There has been, from the first of August, 1886, to January, 1887, ninety -two cars of stock and ninety-six cars of grain shipped from this station. There are twenty-four cars of oats in store readv for shi])ment.

J. F. Smitli, W. A. Brown, John D. Brown,* R. C. Baker, Per. Sec; E. B. Eedlielcl, J. II. Baker,* and Depntv; C E. Howell, P. Yan Buskirk, T. C. Brooks, C. M. Boeclier, James Ingals (deceased), A. S. Buffum,* John Williams, George E. Trac3% Joshua Grant,* W. J. Wilhams, eTames Kinney,* Abram Files, Willis Pierson, V. II. Brown, Ambrose Aten (deceased), Wm. Tracy, C. W. Ilughey, II. C. Manley, Sec; F. S. Jones, Y. G.; A. Atiierton, Arthur Elzworth,* John Titlow, Jos. Plaxton, John Inglis, Arthur Hough, Peter Keckler, McG. Snider. The lodge has had seventy-eight members, but many of them have removed, leaving the above representatives. The Past Grands are marked *.

Stark Rebeka Degree Lodge, No. 110, was chartered November 17, 1S80. at Lafayette, with tlie following members: S. A. Miller, J. G. Foster, II. G. Chichester, G. H. Kedheld, Samuel White, U. II. Brown, Mrs. U. (\ Brown, R. 0. Baker, Mrs. S. II. Miller, Mrs. E. G. Foster, Mrs. E. M. Chichester, Mrs. M. U. Iledfield, Mrs. H. B. AVhite, Ellen Brown, Delia Brown and Mrs. Mary A. Baker. There is little or no work done under this charter at the present time, though the circle looks foi- its prompt revival.

Eastern Star Lodge, Lafayette, was organized and instituted February 1, 1886, with the following charter members: I. G. Foster, T. W. tloss, Andrew Jackson, J. II. White, T. D. Church, Daniel White, A. II. White, and their wives. A. M. Snyder and wife were admitted after the lodge was instituted. The election and installation of officers followed.

Lafavette Lodge, 421, I. O. G. T., was chartered July 30, 1883, ^vith the following named members: A. S. Atherton, F. S. Jones, H. W. Manley, W. B. Smith, S. A. ]\riller, Y. J. Smith, John Williams, Elmer Beecher, A. M. Jackson, Ella M. Williams, Milla White, Cora Gillette, J. A. Williams, J. M. Jones, Kate Morris, Mary A. Baker. Fred Shore, Mary J. Atherton, Lyman Williams, Harriet Williams, Mary K. Kedlield, Kate Jones, George Williams, C. R. Wick, R. C. Baker, C. P. Jackson, Mrs. H. Manlev, Nellie Jones and Kate E. Driscoll, W. C. T. and Mrs. Lyman Williams, W. V. T. Work under this charter is sleeping, owing to the fact that there are not over four drinkers in the community and not over one "hard citizen."

The Union League was established at Lafayette during the war. The records were ultimately left with J. M. Jones, and were burned in the fire which destroyed his harness shoj). Among the members were J. S. Atherton, J. M.' Jones, I). J. Hurd, Squire Kelly, J. II. Wilber, and J. Lundy.

Churches. - The Baptist church of Lafayette had its beginning in the old ''Fahrenheit Ghurch," the history of which is given in the sketch of the Toulon society and much of its personal history carried into the cha})ter on marriages, as Elder Jonathan Miner joined many of its members in the bonds of wedlock. The society was organized June 15, 1837, and over it he presided until his death in 1844. He also preached at Fraker's and at the Franklin church, better known as " WalFs Schoolhouse." Meetings were held at Wi(h)w Miner's house until April, 1850, when the church Imilding at Lafayette was com- ])leted by Mrs. Miner and opened for the society. This building is now the 'planing mill of E. G. Hill. In 1847 Elder Stickney preached at the "Fahrenheit '" and at that time the families ])elonging were the Hayes, William and Mrs. Miner, Charles H. Miner and wife, Mrs. Parrish, Elisha Gill and wife and J. M. Stickney and wife. In 1848 the church at Toulon was organized, a number of members withdrew, and the change in location of place of worship became a necessity. A few of the old members, like R. C. Baker, reside here and generally attend the church at Galva or Toulon.

The Methodist Episcopal church of Lafayette dates back in the forties. In 1842 the second cam])-meeting ever held in the county assembled here, and in 184r) there was a " Nineteen Days' Revival." In that year a church was built here. A. E. Phelps was Elder, John G. Whitcomb, P. E.; and Geo. C. Holmes, circuit preaclier, with W. C. Cummings, assistant, he being then on the superanuated list. The first names on i-ecord of class 1. which met at Slieridan Jones' house at Lafayette in the winter of 1851-2 are as follows: Joseph H. Wilber, Wm. M. Pratt, stewards; Philip J. Anshutz, local jireacher: Jonathan and Daniel Hodgson, Sheri(hin Jones, Lyman O. Riddle, Henry Dunbar, John Auger, James K. Wilson, Lewis Peny, Wm. Lyman, Henderson Simmons, and their wives, and Mary Snyder, Emily White, ,. Eliza Bonham, Rebecca Fraker, Eliza Polhamus. Jane Jackson, Charlotte Miner, all in class 1. In class 2, John Cundiff, Theo. F. Hurd, John Lun- dy, Elijah Pomeroy, Wm. Stiles, Levi Hodgson, Sil Armstrong-, Jas Halsted, Jas. II. Horton, and their '\Yives, Sarah Nance, Abby Walters Emilene Clarke, Harriet Tredway, Rebecca Kinby, Amelia Jack-, son, Lydia Church, Rebecca Farr, Eliza Remball or Kemball, Nancy Stephens, Lydia Calhoon and Jemima. Gaddis. Among the preachers who served on this circuit prior to 1873 were many of those mentioned in the history of Essex township. In 1857, An'ios Morey ; ISOO, Jacob Matthews; 1802, John Chandler; 1864, Henrv Soramers; 18(35, Wm. Leber; 1868, J. I). Smith and H. Tiffany; 1869, Wm. Underwood, and 1873, G. W. Brown. The presiding elders from 1857 to 1872 were John Morey, Ewing Summers, Jacob Matheney, S. A. Elliott and Samuel Hood.

The Indian Creek Methodist Episcopal class in 1851-2 held at the Creek Schoolhonse was made up as follows : Chas. Ilowater, leader, Peter, Henry, Daniel Ilowater and their waives ; David, Catherine and Caroline Goshon, Wm. and Mary A\^inters, John and Jane Dack, Sylvester and Cynthia Sweet, Sylvester, jr., and Mary A. Sweet, Jonathan and Amy Rounds, Sophia Parrish, Zeruiah Jackson, Jane Maxtleld, Lvdia Fuller, Mary J. Smith, Peter and Frances Lutz, Chas. Sarah Fulper, John Uppock, Eliza Seiuite, Esther Fredley, i\ rtemus, Amnia, Joel H. and Mary Goodall, Joseph and Mary Jane Flint.

The Methodist Ej)iscoi)al Church of Lafayette ado])ted this name for corporate purposes, July 31, 1873, and elected James Martin, Edward G. Hill, John Williams, James F. Thomson, and Emery Buffum. trustees. Geo. W. Brown })resided at this meeting. In this year E. G. Hill was appointed superintendent of Sunday school ; A.

The Presbyterian Church of Lafayette, may be said to have been in existence immediately after, if not at the time the Baptist Society was organized at '' Fahrenheit," bnt not until the coming of Rev. S. G. Wright, did an organized Presbyterian body exist there. In 1841 he preached there for the first time, and during evening services that vear induced thirty-eight persons to pledge themselves to temperance. In January, 1842, twenty-four more signed, and thus temperance and religion were preached there until 1846, when some members withdrew to join the newl}^ organized Congregational Church at Toulon, the first being Jonathan and Ilannali Tihodes and Hugh and Julia Rhodes. In March, 1847, Mrs. Matilda Hall, Eliza and Jane Hall, (Jren and Sarah Rhodes, Robert and Sarah Nicholson and John and Mary Pollok withdrew. From this date forward the membership decreased, until, like the Baptist Cliurch, it ceased to be an institution in this townshi]i.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints found a footing on Walnut Creek in 1840-T, and gained a few converts in this county. Among them was Deacon Mott, the Imilder of the old court house.

The Universalist Church was organized November 29, 1873. by Rev. John Hughs, with the following named members : Mr. and Mrs. G. H. Redlield, J. A. White. Mr. and Mrs. A. B. II. Snvder, Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Snyder, Mr. and Mrs. T. D. Church, Mrs. N! Laffarty, Mrs. A. E. Parker, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel White, Mr. and Mrs. Chas. B. Smith, Mr. P. H. Smith, Julia Lake, Mrs. Sarah Church, Mrs. Ann Dunbar. The names of ])astors and date of pastorate are as follows : Rev. John Hughs, 1873; Rev. T. H. Tabor, 1874 and '75 ; Rev. John Hughs, 1876, '77 and '78 ; Rev. Wiles. 1879 and "SO. Deceased that vear. Rev. C. R. Gibson, 1881 and '82; Rev. Headle, 1883; Rev. Geo. Crum, 1884, '85 and '86. The names of secretaries are Samuel White, Miss Marv J. WiUiams, '79; Mrs. H. B. White, '81, and Mrs. M. E. Snyder. The trustees were, 1873, John A. White, A. B. II. Snyder, D. A. M. Snyder, and in 1885, J. A. White, Austin Grant and A. M. Snyder were elected. The church was buiit in 1875 at a cost of over s3,000, John A. White, G. H. Redlield and Samuel White forming the building committee. The present membership is forty-five, and value of property, S4,0(»0.

The Church of Christ at Lafayette adopted this cor]>orate name, August 1, 1873, and elected the following named trustees: John Boyd. Harvey J. Quinn and James Ingles. John T. Smith was secretary. It was oro-anized some vears before bv Rev. Milton King, and grew so rapidly that the buikling of the present church was entered upon and carried through successfully.

A reference to the history of the Stark County Sunday-School Association will point out the earlv historv of this societv in Goshen township. In August, 1867, Rev. H. Tiffany, J. H. Will^er, Mrs. S. A. Clark, with John W. Clark, alternate, were elected delegates by the Lafayette Sunday-School Association to the Sunday-School Convention at Toulon. In June, 1882, the Fourth District Sunday-school Normal Institute was oro-anized. and the work has l^een successfullv carried on down to the present time.

Eric Anderson^ deceased, born in Sweden in 1810, was married there, and with his wife and five children came to the United States, locating in this county. During his early years here he worked by the month," and by his industry and economy, saved enough from his earnings to purchase land in Goshen Township. He died April 26, 1870, leaving for the use of his family 160 acres. His wife is also deceased. Of his ten children, Andrew, Mary, Elizabeth, Charlotte and Sarah J., are numbered among the dead. Christina married Jonas Johnson, now of Minnesota ; Catherine and William are at home, Isaac at Wyoming, and Albert H. at Toulon. Sarah was born here in 1857, died May 6, 1881.

Joseph Atlierton^ deceased, son of Israel Atherton, of Kentucky, an early settler of Ohio, Avas born in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1813. This Israel subsequently settled in Hancock County, 111., where he died. Joseph came to Stark ( 'ounty in 1845, and wnth his twin brother Milton, in the fall of that year, settled south of Toulon. In 1851 they located about three miles south of Lafayette, of which townshiji Joseph was supervisor two terms. He came here with little means, but by work and al)ility left a valuable pro])erty at his death, May 1, 1886. He Avas married in Ohio, to Miss Eliza Simonson, born in 1812, and a survivor of pioneer days. They were the parents of twelve children, namely: Jesse S., of Lafayette; Milton, deceased ; Charles, a Methodist niinister in Kansas; William B. resides in McDonough County, 111.; Sarah J., deceased; Henrietta, Nancy, Hester, Ann, Lusetta, Franklin P., and Paulina. Mr. Atherton was a member of Toulon Lodge, 93, A. F. & A. M.. a life-long Democrat, and a citizen of undoubted worth - public and private. Jesse S. Atherton, eldest son of Joseph, was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1835, received a common school education, and followed farming until he was nineteen years of age, when he learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed for a number of 3^ears. In June, 1883, he moved to Lafayette, and established his hardware business that year. He was commissioned postmaster in 1885, and took possession of the office July 1, 1885. This was given as a testimonial of his father's and his own unswerving democracy. He was married in 1858, to Miss Lois, daughter of Nelson Grant. They are the parents of Allen, Lucy, and Charles Atlierton. Mr. Atherton is a memljer of Stark Masonic Lodge, has filled the office of supervisor two terms, and given promise of being as useful a citizen as his father was.

Jeremiah -Bennett., born in New York state in 1795, married Sarah Winnie there, and with her came to this county in 1837, first settling at Farmington, and in 1838 on what is now the "Galbraith Farm." In later years they moved to the present farm of Amos Bennett, where Jeremiah died in 1870, aged seventy-six, and his wife m February", 1886, aged eio-hty-three vears. Both were members of the Protestant

Methodist Church. Amos Bennett was boi-n in New York state in 1S32, and at the age of five years came with his parents to this kState. In 1800 he married Miss Hannah, a danghter of Josiah Bnnton. They are the parents of nine chilch-en : Sarah W., AValter, Ella, Jjertie, Amos, Thomas, Lizzie, Laura and Emma. He is the owner of 225 acres, well improved. His father was an old line Whig until 1855, when he joined the new party, of which the son is a staunch su])porter.

A. li. 11. Beiner, born in Ulster county, JST. Y., in 1820, and Adalme (Misner) Bevier, his wife, born in Sullivan county, N. Y., were early settlers here.

U. II. Brovm, born at Baltimore, Md., in 1822, is a son of Yachel and Sarah (OTIagan) Brown, natives of Baltimore and Eichmond, Ya., respectively. Both died in Carroll county, Md., where for years they resided. The Browns were originally from England and the O'Hagans from Ireland, coming out in colonial days. U.II. was married in Maryland, in 1811, to Miss Ellen Brangle. In 1857 moved with his wife and hve children to Knox county, 111., and in 1866 into Goshen township. Stark county. 111. To them twelve children have been born, seven of whom are living, one of whom served in Company F, One LIundred and Twelfth Illinois Yolunteer Infantry, as related in military cha])- ters. Mrs. Brown is a member of the Metiiodist Episcopal Church of Lafayette. Mr. Brown, to whom many references are made in the history of the township and village, is a member of the I. O. (). E. and of the Galva Encampment.

Emoi'y S. Bufurii, a soldier of the late war, enlisted in Company B, Thirty-seventh Infantry, as related in the military cliapter, and was in active service with that command for nineteen months, when his wounds rendered him incapahle of further service in the army. He -was born at Bock Island, 111., in 1841, but resided in Knox county from the age of seven to the age of twenty, when he enlisted. In 1864 lie settled in Stark. A reference to the political chapter will point out his services to the re]wblican party since that time ; the school history credits him with being director of his district for a number of years, while that of the I. O. O. F. at Lafayette, points him out a member. Had be been a member of the county posts of the G. A. R. instead of that at Galva, his military record would be found there as well as in the military chapter. The year of his settlement here he married Miss Anna L., "daughter o+' Charles Himes, of whom a complete family history appears in this chapter. Of their eleven children, nine are living, namely : Laura L., Charles A., Edwin E., Clara L., Elmer II., George N.*, Perry IL, Boyd L., and Anna M Mr. Bulfum is one of those citizens of modern days whose history is so closely identified Avith the last two decades of this count3% that much of it belongs to the county and necessaril}^ finds a place there.

Jonas Butler, born in Beaver county, Pa., in 1815, moved to Ohio with parents in his youth; to Fulton county, 111., in 1837; to Henry county in ] 855, and to Lafayette a short time ])rior to his death in July, 1881.

in that vicinit}'. Her hushaiul, coiiniionly known as "Old Pat" at all the neighl)oring- fairs, who died about two years ago, was about the first to indulge in high-]n'iced thoroughbred shorthorn cattle, and to him may be traced much of tiie improvement of the stock of Stark as well as Henry county. She was buried in the cemetery which the family donated for the uses of a Catholic burying ground.

Melinda {Welson) Carver, born at Augusta, Me., in 1810, moved to Ohio in 1817, thence to Indiana, where she married Jonathan Carver in 1830, and both moved to their home, just north of Lafayette, in 1SG7. Mrs. Ccirver died there February 15, 1885.

Dr. J. R. Crawford, physician and surgeon, a native of Washington county, Iowa, obtained an elementary education in the schools of that county, and completed a literary course at Keokuk. Iowa. He entered the study of medicine under the direction of his brother. Dr. W. D. Crawford, of Coal Valley, 111., who was his preceptor until he matriculated in the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Keokuk, la., in 1870. He took a full course of lectures tliere and won the graduate's di})loma in 188!2. The succeeding year he practiced in Mills county, Iowa, and coming to Stark county established his office at Lafayette in the spring of 1881. Since that time he has built u]) a lucrative practice and a very enviable reputation as a physician. In 1881 he married Miss S. M. Phillips, of Coal Valley, lie is a member of the Military Tract Medical Society.

Wm. L. Dalrymple, who settled in Wethersfield township, Henry county, in 1853, and served that county as clerk for about twenty -three years, and treasurer for four years, died December 27, 1885.

Mrs. Eehecca {DeJerga) Dicl-iimm, born at Orwell, Vt., in August, 1805, died at Galva, III, June 24, 1886. At the age of fifteen years she came with her parents to St. Lawrence county, N. Y., where in 1823 she married Norman Church. In 1847 she moved to Lafayette, since which time she has lived in or near the place. She was the mother of ten children, seven of whom are living ; three, T. D. Church, Mrs. O. B. Stowell, and Mrs. C. V. Dickinson, were with her in the dying hour.

Jerenviali Deuiuth, son of J. A. and Jane (Rist) Demuth, was born in Fayette county, Pa., June 26, 1830. In 1852 he married Miss Jane Robinson, in that state, and fiv^e years later moved to Goshen township, settling on his present farm. In 1863 he purchased an eightyacre tract, which he brought to the highest state of cultivation. lie also owns land in Nebraska. Mr. D. has served as school director and highway commissioner several terms, and also filled other township offices. His familv consists of seven children, namelv : Elvira, residinohere; Clark, a physician, residing in Michigan ; Smith, in Nebraska ; Anna, residing at home, is skilled in hair work ; Diantha, in Nebraska, Oliver, in Nebraska, and Eugene at home. Mr. Demuth is republican in politics, and both he and wife are old and earnest members of the

M. E. church. Miss Elvira Demuth is a teacher in the district school. This is lier thirteenth year in the profession, during which she missed but three terms. ])residing from four to six terras over one scliool.

Lotan De.j-tei\ deceased, who settled at Toulon in 1854, with his brother-in-law, O. Maxfield. in 1855 in Goshen, and who in 1856 estal)lished his permanent home at Toulon, was born in Kennebec county. Me.. January 80, 1801. He married Miss Euby Fish there, and in 1853, with live children moved westward. Those children wereBethana, of Xewton, Kan.; Marshall, of Henry county. 111.; George F., of Goshen ; Henry, deceased, and James "W., of Galva. The father died in 1873, leaving a widow and large family, the former still residingat Galva. Henry served in the Thirty-seventh Illinois Infantry, was wounded at Pea Ridge, from which wound he died in 1873, in his thirty-seventh year. ( Y'lde inil. eh.) James W. enlisted in IIyslo])'s Battery, Marine Artillery, and when this command was disbanded, reenlisted in another regiment.

Georgr F. Dexter is the only representative of the family of Lotan in this county. He was born in Piscataquis county, Me., January 11, 1832, came to Stark county in 1853-54, and here married Miss Laura, daugliter of AVesley and Susannah (Smith) Miner, in Xovend^er, 1855. Of their children. Eliza J. is dead, Kuby J., George G., Henry H. and ired A. reside here. The family belong to the Ba]itist church. A reference to the history of the Miner family in Stark county, given both in the sketches of Goshen and Toulon as well as in the general history, will show who the ancestors of Mrs. G. F. Dexter were. Mr. Dexter owns 300 acres of well improved land in this township.

2lrs. S. A. Dudley, who with her husband came to Illinois in 1853, and moved to Galva in 1869, died at xVnsonia, Conn., August 1, 1881, and was interred at Lafayette.

Stephen D. Easton, born at Drakesville, X. Y., in 1809, married Miss P^^wler in 1825. moved to Peoria in 185(> and in 1853 to Lafayette, where he died June 10, 1882. His wife died seven years prior to that date.

Elijah EUzroth. one of the oldest living settlers of Goshen, was born in Warren county. O., July 13. 18 1 7. His parents, Valentine and Patience Elizabeth were natives of Maryland and New Jersey respectively. At the age of seventeen yeare Elijah moved to Goshen. Clermont county. ().. and tliere learned the cal)inet trade. In 1835 he went to Alton. 111., worked there for some time, revisited his Ohio home, and in 1838 returned to Illinois, taking up his residence at Lafavette. Here he carried on the cabinet trade after he married and conducted the village hotel for about five years - from *44 until '49. At that time he had many to entertain, and' at prices that would startle the modern hotel man.' Meals 12| cents, lodging 124^cents, and livery equallv cheap. In 1850 he purcliased the 160 acres onwhich he now resides at s2.25 for one eighty acres, and ^3.50 for the other eighty acres. This wild land he l)iT)Uiilit to the highest state of cultivation. In 1843 he married Miss Bets\- ]\L, daugliter of Wm. A. Reed, of Knox county. Of their nine cliildvon, six are living, namely : Fanny, Forrest, Arthur, Clara, George anil El wood. He and Mrs. Eltzroth wei-e originally members of the Congregational church of Lafayette, but since its disorganization they have not united with an}^ other denomination. Up to 1855 Mr. Eltzrotli voted with the democracy, but since that time has supported the repidjlicans in all national alfairs. Connected with this family there is tlie name of one other pioneer of the county - Rachel i^Eltzroth) Coburn. who settled herein 1839, and in 184-0 located at Princeville.

Conrnd Emery, deceased, who settled here August 7, 1835, was born in New Jersey. Was reared principally in Pennsylvania, where he was married to Sarah Fisher before they removed to Holmes county, Ohio, where they lived until 1835, the time of settlement here. The journey west was made with ox teams and wagons, the party comprising four families, viz.: Jacob Emery and wife, Debodota, Joseph Emery and wife, Hannah, Jesse and wife, Margaret, and Conrad, the father of three sons. Conrad purchased 240 acres of wild lands at congress prices, and on this land he settled and lived tluring his life. He was a soldier of the war of 1812, and did duty on the frontier in defense of the homes and lives of the border settlers. To them were born thirteen children, eleven of whom came to Stark county with their parents, viz.: Jacob (Galva), Catheiine (deceased), Joseph (deceased), Edith Kussell, Jesse (Princeville, 111.), Sarah McClennehan (deceased), Conrad (deceased), Milly (Iowa), David (Iowa), Mary (Iowa), and John, who resides on the old homestead.

Jolm Emerij is the youngest son of the family of Conrad Emery, and the only representative of the family in Stark county. He was born in Holmes county, Ohio, in l'^2T, was eight years old when his parents settled on the ])rairies of Illinois; received a common school education; was married to Sarah, daughter of Joseph Potter, an early settler, now deceased, in the year 1849, who has borne him six children, five living, viz.: Estella ()., Charles A., Everett (deceased), Luellen A., Gilbert C. He owns a farm of 267 acres of good land, which com- ])rises the old homestead ; is a member of the I. O. O. F., Lafayette lodge, and votes the Eepublican ticket upon all questions at issue.

Jacoh Falh born at Eaton, Ohio, in 1810; settled with his famih^ in Goshen township, this countv, in 1857. In 1869 he moved to Abingdon, where he died April 19, 1885.

J/r.y Fan-. On October 2, 1865, four sisters, Mrs. Farr, of Lafayette; Mrs. Knowlton, of Indiana, and Mrs. Tufts and Mrs. Tullis, of Iowa, met at Lafayette, being the first meeting for forty years. Mrs. Farr was then seventy-five years old.

Barnnlms Frail, who settled one mile south of AVyoming in 1835, was one of the three pioneers of that immediate neighborhood - Gen. Thomas and Capt. Butler being the others. In the vicinity were Peter Miner, Samuel Seeley, Elijah McClenahan and James Holgate who settled near, and also Whitney Smith, S. Moore, Lemuel Dorrance, Dexter Wall, John Phaniix, Peter Shaffer, George AVentin, Robert Sheeley, A. Avery, Henry Sheeley, M. Shiellaman, Adam and Lewis Pay, H. Lick, Nelson Grant, P. Smith, J. P., Moses Boardman, Thos.

"Winn or Wing, Ira Ward, John and Borden Dodge, William Mahany, Major McClenahan, and perhaps a few others. Mr. Frail was born in Donegal connty, Ireland. After a voyage of seven weeks he and his brother landed in New York, he being then nineteen years old. Foi* some time they worked on the Erie canal and other public works, and in 1835 came to this county, each bringing a wife and child. In 1837 Bai'nabas moved to what is now Goshen township, squatted on a piece of land and next purchasing 160 acres. His brother moved to Knox county, where he died in 1813, and was the second body interred in the cemetery at Lafayette. Mr. Frail married Jane Fairchilds in Pennsylvania. Of their ten children eight are living, namely : James, John, Susan, Thomas, Elizabeth, Sarah, Margaret and Kate, all residing in this county except Sarah, who lives at Burlington Junction, Mo.; Lydia and Hugh are deceased. Mrs. Frail died in 1882, aged upwards of sixty-nine years, in full communion with the Catholic church, which is also the church of the familv. Prior to settlement here Mr. F. belonged to the Pennsylvania citizen volunteers. Politically he is a democrat. He started farming in this county over fifty years ago, with some means, and now owns 160 acres of fine farming land.

1). K. Fell, son of James and Isaljella (Kyle) Fell, was born in Eoxburghshire, Scotland, November 22, 1842. Some years later the father died there, and in the summer of 1852 the widow (now eightyone years old) and children came to America and settled in Elmira. She now lives with her children. The eldest son, William, emigrated from Scotland to the Falkland Islands, and thence to Soutli America in 1 854, and has resided there since ; James is in Henry county, Margaret and Isabella in Toulon, Elizabeth in Harrison county, Mo., Robert in Toulon township, Elliot in Clay count}^ Neb., Adam, deceased ; D. K. in this county, Walter at Chicago, and Jemima in Erie county, O. Adam G. Fell served with Company B, Nineteenth Illinois Infantry, and Company K, Fourth United States Cavaliy, as related in the military cliapter, was made prisoner near Atlanta in 1864, and endured the hoi-rors of prison life at Andersonville, Milan, and Florence, Ala., and died while en rotite home at Anna|)olis, Md. Robert also served in the same commands until the close of the war; Walter was in the One-hundred-andtwenty-fourth, and served with his command to the close. D. K. Fell was educated here, and worked on rented farms until 1866, when he purchased KiO acres, to which he has added 200 acres here and 160 in Nebraska. He married, August 27, 1867, Miss Helen, daughter of Thomas and Isabella Jackson, natives of Roxburghshire, Scotland, and to them eight children have been born : Adam G., Thomas F., Willam A., Jennette I., Elizabeth H., Mary A., Henry O., and Luella, deceased. In politics he is Republican.

Gideon B. Gillette was born in Sullivan county. New York, in the year 1815, of English and French parentage. He was married to Sarah A. Dixon in 1837, came with his wife and tour children to Stark county, 111., in 1842, where he settled upon and owned a part of the farm now owned by Austin Grant. Here he spent the few years allowed him, dying in the year 1849, of consumj>tion, leaving a widoAV and three little daughters, Cynthia having died a few years previous. Theda, the eldest daiigliter, noAv the wife of C. H. Fuller, of Galesbiirg; 111., master train-dispatcher in the employ of the Chicago, Burlington & Qnincy Kailroad Company, they having one son, Fred. C, married to Nellie' Hill, also of Galeslmrg, they residing in Bloomington, III., he being in the employ of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Kailroad Company at that place. Al)bie, second daughter of Crideon B. and Sarah A. Gillette, wife of F. J. Bush, banker at Clear Lake, la., have two children, Mabel and Grant A., Mabel l)eing the wife of A. D. Davis, with Perry & Co., Chicago, 111., they having one little daughter, Maud B. Grant A. is an attorney at law, Lincoln, Neb., a member of the firm of Barnes & Bush, married Mabel A. Barnes, of Lincoln, Neb. Mary Jane, third daughter of Gideon B. and Sarah A. Gillette, married James Balentine, of Toulon, 111. Mary Jane, now deceased, leaving two children, Charles and Blanche. It is said of Gideon B. Gillette by those to whom he was best known, that an enemy was unknown to him. On the contrary, he was blessed wnth the hap])y facult}" of makingmany friends; the ]K)or always found in him a willing helper.. He was public spirited anil successful in liis business undertakings, and had he lived would have been, no doubt, as he intended, an extensive land owner. He died as he had always lived, a true Christian.

J. T. Gardner settled on the west line of Toulon in LSOO, purchasing at this time seventy-six acres there. In 1880 he sold this farm and purchased his present eighty acres in Goshen. He was born in Adams county, Pa., March 27, 1833, of which count}^ his parents, Barnhart and Mary Gardner (whose maiden name was ]\Iary Trostle) were natives. T. J. Gardner learned the miller's trade his father, and worked with him in his mill until 1854, when he came to Fulton county. 111. He was engaged in agriculture there until 1862, when he moved to the Pacific coast, and there, in Oregon and Ithiho, was engaged in mining until 18()5, when he mounted an Indian pony and nuide the return iourne^' to Fulton countv in safety. In 1855 he married Miss Philura Bliss, to whom four children were born, three of whom are living, namely : Alice, Edd}^ and George. His wife and two children are members of the Methodist church of Toulon. Politically Mr. Gardner is a Ke|)ul)lican, and while voting with his }iarty on all questions, never fails to recognize what is just in the principles or platform of his opponents.

Hugh GalhraitJu son of James and Jane (McCaslan) Galbraith, natives of Donegal county, Ireland, was born in 181 L His jiarents came to Philadelphia in 1828, where they died. LIugh Gallmiith was married to Miss Anne Wolson, daughter of Thomas and Ann Wolson (also natives of Donegal), July 3, 1833. Of their eleven children seven are living, namely : James, born in April, 1836, now at home; Annie, now ]\[rs. John Ogle, of Essex township, born in 1843; Andrew, exsheriff of the county; Hugh, l)orn in 1846; Ebza Jane, born in 1849, now Mrs. Samuel Lowman ; Rebecca, now Mrs. Moore, of Peculiar, Mo., born in 1851; Ilobert, born in February, 1857. Andrew enlisted in the Marine Artillery and re-enlisted in the Illinois Volunteers and served until the close of the war. Mr. Galbraith owns 260 acres of the finest lands in the county, and is engaged in stock-raising. Mr.

E2:)li. 'Garrison, a native of Clinton county, O., died July 2, 1SS2, in Goshen, after seventeen years residence here. He married a daughter of Jonatljan Pratz, of West Jersey.

Luther Geei\ one of the old settlers of Goshen, died Monday, June 27, 1881. He was born in Xew London, Conn., in 1817, married Abby Hempstead, and came to Illinois in 1840, settling in this county.

Nelson Grant, son of Joshua and Thalia Grant, natives of Connecticut, was born in Brown county, IN'. Y., February 16, 1810. His parents moved from Connecticut to New York and thence to Illinois, both ending their days in Knox county. Nelson received a i)ractical education in the district schools here, but the greater part of his time was devoted to farm work. On September 12, 1831:, he married Miss Polly, daughter of Isaac and Sabra Chatfield, pioneers of Peoria county, 111. ' In 1835 he and his wife moved into the original western ])art of Putnam, then a part of Knox county and now Stark, settled near Lafayette, where he j^urchased eight}^ acres of prairie and erected a bass-wood log cabin. Here the young couple began life in its real form and resided for aljout forty years. In 1835 deer, wolves and many other animals of the chase were natives or visitants of these })rairies, but like the wild grass and flowers, and even the lazy red man, they disappeared before civilization. Mr. and Mrs. Grant were the parents of eight children, seven of whom are now living, namely : Howard P., Isaac, Lois, wife of J. S. Atherton; Nelson, Jr., Julia, wife of William Gibbs ; Orsin, deceased ; Caroline, wife of A. D. Scott, and Joshua. Mrs. Grant was born in New York state, November 10, 1814. Mr. Grant is one of the few pioneers left us, if not one of a trio of the first settlers now in the county. For years he was a devoted Kepublicaii until the newly -organized goddess of Prohibition won his allegiance. His connection with pioneer times and the official history of his towmship and county is related in other pages.

Orson GraiH, of Lafayette died June 14, 1883. He was born here in 1847; married Miss D. C. Sherman in 1866. His father, Nelson Grant, settled here in 1855.

Thomas Gemmell was born in Ayreshire, Scotland, in the year 1837. He is a son of Thomas, Sr., and Elizabeth Gemmell, natives of Scotland, the former of whom died in liis native land. Our subject was raised in the village of Maypole, where he received the rudiments of his education. In 1851, at the age of fourteen years, he emigrated to America, coming with John A. Regan, present editor of the Elmwood Observer, who was his guardian. Landing in this country he secured employment with a William Leightner, of Knox countv'. with whom he resided two 3'ears, after which he learned the wagon making trade with Bassett & Booth, of Knoxville, staying nine months. Disliking the trade lie returned to his previous employer. In 1861 he enlisted, in Mercer county. 111., in Company A, Thirtieth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He served during the war. Veteranized in fall of 18fi3 same company and regiment, and was in the engagements of Belmont, Ft. Henry, Ft. Donaldson, Corinth, Vicksburg, Jackson, Nashville, throngh the Atlanta campaign and was with Sherman in his memorable campaign to the sea, and the grand review at AVashington. Private soldier; npon his return home took up the avocation of farmino-. In 1867 he sent for his mother and thi-ee iialf-brothers, who were residing in Scotland, who came directly to him and took up farming with our su])ject. Two reside in Penn township, viz.: Robert and Josei)h Parker - the other deceased, viz.: John. His mother died in Peoria, April 18, 1886, aged seventy-three years. Our subject was nmrried in 1871 to Miss Anna Shearer, liaving settled the year previous in this county, purchasing land in V^alley township, residing there till 1872, when he purcliased in Toulon township, residing there till 1873, the time of his settlement on [)resent place which contains 160 acres. He has another tract of forty acres in tlie townshi}). He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church, Toulon, with which they have been connected some time. To them have been born seven children, viz.: Elizabeth, Maggie, Sarah, Anna, Tommy. Gracie and David. Politically he formerly voted the Eepublican ticket, antl at present is in(le])endent in politics.

Asaliel N. llarris and family settled in Fulton county in February, 1836, at Wetherstield, Henry 'county, in 1839; in 1841 settled on Indian creek of Spoon river, and in 18-13 located on sections 9 and 1(), Goshen, where, it is alleged, a division of Black Hawk's Indians camped in 1832. This land was ])urchased in 1843, from one of the early settlers of Goshen, who joined the MormonS at Nauvoo.

Harry Ilayest^ born in Saratoga county, N. Y., in 180(); there married Harriet AYi'ight, also a native of New York. They, with their daughter, Julia A,, came to Goshen township in 1837. Mr. Hayes entered half section on -t, which he im])roved. lived on thirty years, and ultimately removed to Knox county. During his residence here he took a very prominent part in public affairs, as shown in the history of the township. Mrs. Hayes died in 1875, aged sixty-seven years. Of her four children, Mai'garet is deceased; Julia, named a1)ove; Mary E., wife of A. M. Snvder, and Eugene K. are livinji-. The familv claimed membership with the old Baptist church of Lafayette.

JoJui S. IIa,rto7i, horn near Hudson, N. Y., in 1801; moved with ])arents to I>radford, Pa., in J 807; to Wisconsin in 1855; settled in Stark county in 1856, and matle his home at Lafayette in 1857; tlietl September i3, 1881.

Jlrs. Martha C. {Currie) Ilill^ born in 1800, died at Lafavette March 10, 1882. She married G. F. Hill in 1S24- ; emigrated to Canada in 1831, and came here in 1857. Her husband died in 1872.

J//'.y. Sahrhia {(Jliatfield) Hilliard^ the first female school-teacher in Stark countv. died at New Yirginia, la., January 28, 1886, aged sixtynine years. She married here in 183-1:, and resided near Lafayette

Az?'o IBlJiard was born in Vermont. December 8. 1S13. lie is a son of Rev. John and Marv (Tell}-) Ililliard, the former of New Hampshire, the latter of Vermont. He learned the carpenter's trade, obtained a ])ractical education and learned the cabinet trade in Vermont, at the same time he was engaged in car})entering. He won the reputation of a skillful workman in the manufacturmg of anythino- his ingenious mind devised. In 1843 he located at Chicago, landing with his chest of tools and seventy-live cents. He soon became in great demand in that enterprising village, where his services were largely sought in building houses and the construction of articles in skilled mechanism. He jirospered and accumulated a good property, residing in the city of his adoption till 1806, the time of his removal to Lafayette, where he now lives in retirement. He owns considerable real estate, consisting of town property and over one hundred acres of good farming land in Knox county, Illinois. He has served on the village board two terms. He was married in Chicago to Mrs. Thersa J. Sherman, daughter of F. A. Howe, a pioneer of Chicago and an early lawyer, in the year 1852, who has borne him two childi'en. viz.: John A. and Fred. L., both on farms in Knox county. 111. Mrs. H. settled in Chicago with her parents in about 1833. She informs the writer of this sketch that she, in her girlhood, picked hazel nuts at what is now Lake street, and that she, too, distinctly remembers the issuing of goods to the Indians. Before their removal sheds were im- ])rovised for houses and the population was very small.

Charles Hbnes (deceased), was born in Kutland, Vt., in the year 1810, on April 2.5, and is a son of Amos Himes and Anna Adams, his wife. Our subject was taken with his jiarents to Pennsylvania (Bradford county), where lie grew to manhood. In 1837 he came to Farmington, this state, and resided a year, then returned to Pennsylvania, where he resided till 181C), when he removed with his wife and children, live in numljer, to Stark county, settling in what is now Goshen township, purchasing at that time HV) acres of prairie land. Here he settled, l)roke u]). and got in cultivation his land and improved it, living thereon dui-ing his life and ])rospered. He was an energetic, public-spirited man, devoted to the cause of education and a supporter of the ])ublic school svstem, and ior vears stood at the head of school work in his distiict as a director. He also served his townsmen in the capacity of road commissioner. He was a member of the Disciple church, with which he connected himself in Pennsylvania, and it was through his personal efforts that tlie Disciple church was organized at Lafayette. In about 1855 he connected himself with the Baptist church, of Avhich he was a member at his death. He was married in Vermont to Laura Greno, who bore him nine children, viz.: Franklin, deceased: Moses A., deceased ; Inman P., Arkansas : Austin C, Anna L., Clarisa L., Emma L., Jennie, Homer H. Mr. H. died November 21, 1870. Mrs. II. died January 10, 18G9, born in 1800. In her early life she was a member of the Disciple church, anil later in life joined the Baptist church. Mr. H. was a Whig up to the formation of the Republican party, Avhen he joined it and was a warm supporter of its principles. All ot" his children, save Jennie, reside in Stark county, she in Kansas. Austin C. was born in Bradford county, Pa., in 1840. He \vas six years old when his parents settled on the ])rairies of Illinois, was reared on the farm land; in the district schools obtained a practical education. He was mari'ied to Miss Louisa M., daughter of A. M. Starr, in 1ST2, who has borne him seven children, five living-, viz.: Charles A., Mary E., Ral])li J., Ruby, and one deceased, unnamed. He and wife and famih^ are members of the Baptist church. Politically, he votes the Republican ticket. He enlisted in 1862 in Company F, One-hundred-and-twelftli Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served until the war Avas over. Was in the battles of tlie regiment up to the time of the Atlanta campaign; private, discharged in 1865. Inman P. was a nnnnber of Company B, Thirty-seventh Illinois \'olunteer Infantiy, enlisting in 1861 ; went out as corporal, rose to the first-lieutenant, and was brev^eted captain ; was discharged in 1866.

Homer IF. IJinies, the youngest son of Charles Himes, whose history is given here, was born in 1853. Mr. Himes was educated in the schools of Goshen, and here on November 25, 1880, married Miss Kate, a dauo-hter of Jolm Williams of Lafavette. To them two children were born - Mabel E. and Rena M. The family reside on the old Himes homestead, to which a tract has been ackled, making a full}' improved farm of 220 acres. In ])olitics he is a republican. Since 1867 he has been a member of the Baptist church at Galva, and foi* seven or eight years past, one of its trustees. Mrs. Himes is also a member of this church.

Daniel J. Hurd, born in New Jersey in 1820; came with his brother to Lafayette in 184-2, and clerked for him two years, when he succeeded to the business which his brother established here in 1810. He married Miss P. M. Smith, daughter of one of the soldiers of the Revolution, in 1818.

James Jackson, son of Jonathan and Mary (Pellington) Jackson, was born in Orange county, N. Y., July 21, 1812. The family moved to Clermont Co., ()., in 181*J, and ultimately to Stark county. III., where his ]xirents died. James resided in Ohio until 1838, when he traveled westward and selected the neighborhood of Lafayette for his home, working here at various employments, sometimes farming and again assisting in his brother's store. In 1841 lie moved to Knox county, where he resided until 1860. In that year he ])urchased lands near Lafayette at ^100 per acre. He now owns 230 acres in Knox county and 26 acres surrounding his present residence. He married Miss Amelia, daughter of Michael and Elizabeth (Coleman) Fraker, wellknown pioneers of Knox county, who settled among the Indians, and were twice driven from their homes during the Indian troul)les. This Michael Fraker was the father of twenty -four children l»y three wives. Mr, and Mrs. Jackson are the parents of Andrew (still living), and

Mary E., who is gone with the majority. Mr. Jackson cast his first vote for "Old Hickory, " and has been an advanced Democrat down to onr own times. He has never been a member of secret or relio-ions societies, and rev^els in the ideas of free citizenship. His wife is an exemplary Christian lady of the Methodist faith, and his son is a member of the jSfasonic society of Lafayette.

liarnahas M. Jackson (deceased), born at Goshen, Orange county, N. Y., in ISOT, was a son of Jonathan and Mary (Pellington) Jackson, whose parents were natives of Ireland and England resj^ectively. The family moved to Goshen, Ohio, when Mr. B. M. Jackson was 11 years old. In that town he entered a store as clerk, where he labored for twentv years. In 1833 he married Miss Jane Meek, and m 1838 they moved with their two children - Casimer and Edward - to Lafayette in this townsh ]). The trip was made by river to Peoria, thence by wagon road to Lafayette, where he opened a general store, Ijeing one of the first merchants here, and for sixteen vears one of the leadinoresidents of the county. In 1854 he purchased 200 acres of land adjoining the village, where he resided during the remainder of his life. In 1844 lie was elected to the Legislature on the Democratic ticket, and served therein with profit and credit to his constituency. He was the second recorder of this county, serving one term. Thouo'h not a member of any orthodox cluirch, he was kindly disposed toward all, and gave to each liljerally of his means. A man of remarkable executive ability, he made all his dealings profitable solelv by correct and methodical work, and at his death, March 14, 1877, a profound sorrow was manifested by the great number of his acquaintances in this and other states. Mrs. Jackson died December 24, 1880, aged 07 years, after a most useful life here of 42 years. She was an exemplary member of the Methodist church througli all those years. Of their eleven children, nine are living, namely: Casimer, Edward, Albert, Barney, Lucius (in this countv), Charles (in Nebraska), Luna (in Knox county), Fred (in Iowa), and Phineas (in Nebraska). Margaret died in Ohio when two years old, and Myra died in this state. Barney, one of the sons, enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirt3^-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry m 1805, and served until the close of his term. A. II. Jackson, the eldest son, born here in 184n, now resides on the old homestead, which comprises 104 acres, all well improved. The members of this family liave taken a full part in the progress of this township, and a few of them now are re-enacting pioneer times beyond the Mississi})})i.

Cupi. C. P. Jitcl'xnn the eldest son of Barnabas Jackson, was born at Goshen, ()., in 1833, was educated in the common schools, enlisted in 1801 in Company B, One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry as a private, was transferred to the front Seiitember 15, '01, was elected I^irst Lieutenant, l)ut on account of disa1>ilit\', caused by sickness, resigned his commission July 0, 1802 - recovering his health, re-enlisted in 1804 in Company I, One Hundred and Fifty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, was elected Ca})tain on the organization of the conijiany and served as such until the war was over, when he was honorably discharged. Upon his return to civil life he eno-ao;ed as a clerk in the mercantile buisness which since has been principally his avocation. Married Miss E. H. Todd in ]S5T, December 21, who bore him one child, viz.: E. H. Mrs. Jackson died June 2, 1859, aged about eighteen years. His second marriage was celebrateil March 15, 180-1, with Mary Lacy, who has borne him one child, viz.: Eddis L. Mrs. Jackson died January 1, 1865. Captain Jackson votes the democratic ticket upon all questions at issue.

J. M. Jones, son of Asbury and Hannah Jones, natives of New Jersey, was born in Guernsey county, O., in 1836. There his parents settled at an early date, and there both died. The boyhood days of Mr. Jones were ])assetl on the farm. About 1850 he was ai)prenticed to a harness-maker at New Philadelphia, O. In 1851-2 he traveled some in the east, worked principally in Pennsylvania until 1857, when he first came to Lafayette. In 1859 he located |)ermanentlv here and established his harness and saddlery house, whicli has since been successfullj' conducted by him. As a workman and straight dealer he is unequaled, as those long years of business testify. He was a charter member of the Masonic Blue Lodge, of Lafayette, from which he was demitted. For years he has been ]irominent in Odd Fellow circles as told in the history of Lafayette Lodge, and is also a member of the Galva Encampment. Up to 1884 he affiliated with the Republi can part}" ; but in that year cast his fortunes Avith the prohibitionists, he l)eing an earnest advocate foi' temperance. A reference to the political chapter of the general history, as well as to the sketch of Lafayette, will portray the part taken by Mr. Jones here since 1857. He was married Februarv 14, 1860, to Miss Kathern S. Atherton. Thev are the parents of two children, Miss Nellie M. one of the successful school teachers of the count}^ and Francis Asbury, station agent of the California Southern R. P. at Temecula, Cal.

Sheridan Jones (deceased), l)oi'n in Scotland, is a son of Jacob Jones, a native of Scotland, who settled first in Muskingum Co., ()., where the family lived seven 3'ears ; moved to Indiana and in 1889 located at Lafavette, and in the followiuo' year located on land now owned bv Samuel Jones. They purchased 16U acres of land owned by Sheridan at Congress prices. On this land Jacob Jones lived and died. He Avas a Methodist in religious belief. He was aged when he came and lived only two j^ears after settling here. Sheridan Jones was married to Ann Meek in Ohio. Thev came overland with team and waofon with their familv. On the land he settled he lived durin<i: his life-time and prospered. Both he and wife were members of the Methodist Episco])al church and exem|)lary Christian people. To them were born six children, namely: S. M. and F. A., living in this county; John Z., deceased ; Moses S., deceased ; Pufus S., Atkinson, Neb.; Margaret J., wife of Thomas Jones, Indianola, Iowa. Moses was a member of Company B, Thirty-seventh Illinois A'olunteer Infantry; enlisteil in 1831 ; served his time of three 3' ears ; was veteranized and served till close of war as corporal ; died at home, as stated. John L. was a member of the Eighteenth Missouri Pegiment and served through the war as private; died from being struck hy lightning. Mr. Jones died in 1861. His wife is also numbered with Ihe dead. Mr. J. was an uncompromising Pepublican and a staunch su})porter of its doctrines. S. M.

Jones was born in Clermont county, Ohio, in 1829 ; was ten ^^ears old when his parents settled in Stark county, where he received a limited education in the common schools. He was married to Martha H. Redfield, who was born in West Jersey. He has resided in the township continuously since 1839, and carries on a farm of 355 acres of wellimproved land. To them have been born a famih^ of four children, namely: Delia A., wife of John A. AVhite; Frank S., Emma A., wife of B. F. Jackson, in Iowa, and Ida May. Mr. Jones votes the Republican ticket. Frank S. married Miss Emma .Mauley.

Capt. F. A. Jones, second scjn of Sheridan Jones (deceased), was born in Clermont county, Ohio, August 13, 1831. He was in his ninth year when the family settled in the wilds of Stark county. Here he olstained the education which the district schools offered, and the more practical one which labor on the farm gave. About 1852 he entered life for himself and was engaged in agriculture until the breakmo- out of the war of the rebellion, when he enlisted in Company B, Thirty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was elected Second-Lieutenant on the organization of the company. He was ordered to Camp Wel)l), Chicago, and thence to Missouri, ^^ here for two years his command was engaged in active service at Pea Ridge and other places. In 1863 the regiment was ordered to take part in the A'icksl^urg campaign, and later dispatched to New Orleans ; thence to Brownsville, Texas, where it veteranized. Pi-ior to this he was promoted First-Lieutenant ; returned home on furlough; again at the front served in Florida and Alabama; was commission'ed Captain of Company B, but was never mustered in under that rank ; i-eturncd on sick-leave, and while here the war ])etween the Xortli and South was closed, let us hope forever. Capt. Jones received liis honorable discharge through the war department. On returning to civil life he resumed farming, in which he is still engaged, owning 120 acres of fine land. On Feliruary 26, 1857, he married Miss Mju-ia Locy, daughter of Aretus Locy of Xew York, then residing in this county. Their children are Eddie F., of Washington Territory, and Charlie E., deceased. Mrs. Jones died March 2U. 1878. His marriage with Miss Martlia J., daughter of Thomas W. Ross, took place April 17, 1879. Thev are the jiarents of five children, namely: Lena B., Fred R., Wilna M., Ella M. and Ilattie E. Mr. Jones is a Republican in i)olitics, and, like other members of that family, a most useful citizen.

Will la III 2l((i'hs, son of Daniel and Margaret (Wike) ^larks, was born in Berks county, Pa., in 1815. His father Avas a native of Germany, his mother of America; both old settlers of Berks, where they diedl William Marks was educated there and worked on the farm until 1839, when he moved to Ashland county, O., where he labored on a farm for slu per month. In December, 1848, he married Miss Rebeccci, daughter of George and Catherine (Cline) Butler. In 1852 they came by wagon road to Goshen township, and ])urchased eighty acres of land*^ together with the timber tract, where lie resided until 1873, when they, retiring from active life, settled at Lafayette. Their children are Elva F., wife of Barton Redtield, of Knox county. 111.; Mary C, died, aged twenty-two years; and John W., in infancy. Mrs.

Marks joined tlie Presbyterian church in Ohio long yeai's ago, and has since been a consistent nienil)er. Mr. Marks was a Whig up to 1S55, wlien he joined the Republican party, of which he continues to be a staunch snp])orter.

James Martin, son of Wilbani and Jane Martin, was boi-n in Engkmd Octol)er 22, 1833. About 3 837 his parents migrated to Canada and settled near Paris, where James resided until 1854, when he came to Lafayette. Pie learned the car])enter's trade fi-oni his brother-inlaw, E. G. Hill; subsequently attended the Northern Illinois Institute at Henry, and returning to Lafayette has follo^ved Ids ti-ade down to tlie pi"esent time, l)eing counted among the skilled mechanics of the count}'. In 1861 he married Miss Mary, daughter of Zeba JVicholls, of Sussex county, New Jersey, and sister of Dr. Nicholls, of Lafayette. They are the parents of foui' children: Attie B., William, Edward G. and Robert J. Effie M. died May 30, 1886, aged twenty-two years. Mr. and Mrs. jVIartin are mend)ers of the Methodist church. He is an official of that church ; has served as trustee of the village several terms, and also as constal)le and collector. For years he voted with the Republican party, but since the organization of the Prohibition ])arty has proven one of its warmest supporters.

Wdliaiu Mason, born in Fayette county, Pa., 1806, moved with his parents to Ohio in 1814 and to Illinois in 1837, Avhere his father died in 1839. He settled two and one-half miles south of Lafayette, until he moved south of Toulon in later years. His wife, Mattie McWilliams, died August 10, 1854.

Oren Mawjield, l)orn in New Hampshire, moved with parents to Maine in infancy, and there in later years bought the southeast (juai'ter of section 30, Stark county, where he settled in 1839. ( Vide general hlstoryl)

Henry McOlenahan, son of Elijah and Elizabeth (Camp) McClenahan, natives of Pennsylvania, was born in Pendleton county, Ky., in 1798. His parents moved to Kentucky at an early day, thence to Ohio. In 1831 settled in Tazewell county. 111., and a year or so later moved into the Spoon River neighborhood, settling in what is now Essex township. Both were early members of the Church of Christ, Ikm'c. Elijah died in Essex, in 1851, following his wife to the grave, who died there in 1847. Of their children - John, Henry, Sarah, Anna, Elizabeth, Jane, Jemima, Maria, Elsie, James, Robert and Elijah, were favorably known in this county. All deceased with the exception of Anna, of Henry, 111., nnd Elizai)eth, of Salt Lake, U. T. Elijah served in the War of 1812, against tlie British, doing gallant service. Afterwards, in all his settlements iji the West, his neighbors were the Indians whom he aided m subjugating. Henry McClenahan was married in Kentucky to Miss Sally Shawhan. Iii 1826 they with their two children moved to Rush county, Ind., and in 1834 cauie to what is now Goshen townshi]X Here he entered 240 acres, on which he resided until his death, June 16, 1857. His wife died here May 19, 1880. aged seventy -seven. Of their children Mary is in Iowa; Elizabeth and Elijah J. reside here; (xeorge is a citizen of Iowa, and Daniel S. is deceased.

came to Illinois ^vith bis parents, and has a distinct recollection of the pioneer days of Goshen. He received a practical education on the farm and in tlie district schools, and resided on the old homestead nntd 1874^^, when he located on his present farm of 416 acres of fine land. This tract extends into Knox county. He is also the owner of large properties in Iowa and Minnesota. In 1873 he married Miss Maro-aret. daughter of W. M. Thomas, of Knox county. They are the parents of five children : Edna D.. Daniel H., Carl I).. Frank C. and Burt C. Mr. McClenahan is a member of Lodge 5ol. Lafayette, and in political affairs entirelv independent, voting for men rather than for party. Though not seven years old when he settled in Goshen township he must be considered the only living pioneer of what is generallv called " The McClenahan Neighborhood." ( Vide general history.)

James MoStrmpson, born in Allegany count}', X. Y., in 1825, is the son of Luther and Amy (Daney) McStimpson, natives of Massachusetts, who moved to Xew York state, where both died. James was raised on the farm there until seventeen years of age, when he migrated westward and settled for a time in this township; moving to St. Louis, Mo., in 1844; returned to Stark in 1846, and with the exception of two vears in Henrv countv, has resided here ever since. In 1855 he purchased eighty acres of his present farm. He married Miss Sarah, daughter of Squire Parrish. as relateil in this chapter and marriage record. This lady is an old member of the Ba])tist Church - it is thought, of the old Fahrenheit Church. Politically, her husband belongs to the Greenback Labor party.

IFarris W. Mirier, deceased, who is said U> have effected a settlement in Essex Township so early as 1829, was the son of Harris Miner, a native of Vermont, who in 1827 made a tour of inspection through this district, and selected land for future location in this county. In 1820 this explorer, and son. Harris, came here. In 1854, the father moved to Kentucky, to enter the soldiers" home there, as he served from 1812 to 1815, in the Union army against the English and Indians, and died in Kentucky in 1857. His wife, Charlotta Reynolds. Avho is buried at Lafayette, bore him a family of whom Llarris T.. now living at LafaA'ette ; Peter, Jesse and Cliristopher, deceased, came to Lafayette, and subsequently made settlements here, figuring for years among the leading citizens. Harris W. married Miss Susannah Smith, as noted in the chapter on marriage records, and at once entered on the earnest working life of the pioneer, whether living on the banks of Spoon river, in the Indian wigwam near Toulon, in the soldier's camp of 1832, or on the Goshen farm where he made his permanent home, and accumulated a large property. To his second wife four children were born, namely: Laura, who married George F. Dexter ; Addison, deceased; Carlos, of Inde[)endence. Kan., and Harrison, of Goshen. His fii-st wife was Miss Xancy Grasse, who died in 1831. to whom Horace, who died in 1853. was born. His second wife passed away, Juh^ 16. 18S1. [As all marriages ]irior to 1867, and all deaths of the people buried here, from the l)et;innintr of the countv to the i)resent time, are noted m the general and township histories, the reader is referred thereto for dates.] Harrison, the ^'oungest child, and only male representative of

Jlnrris W. Miner in the county, was born on the place whore he now resides, in 1840. lie mai'ried a daughter of Ruloff I'ari-isli, an ohl settler of Goshen, often i-eferred to in this work. By this marriage there are five children, namely : Ida L., Edgar S., Ernest A., Everett 11.. and Carlie Roy. Mr. Miner is a thorough re]>resentative of his father and gi'andfather. No matter where we look in the general or township history, we find their names, and now we find tliat of a son and grandson following in the same course of usefulness, always reliiil)le, whether on the board of supervisors, in his home, or out on his broad acres, of which he has 020.

Susaimah {Smith) Miner, (Wed near Saxon, July 16, 1881. She was born in Lincoln County, Mass., in 1798, moved to Yirgiuin in 1814, to Ohio in 1816, and to this county in 1829. At the time of lior death she was the oldest resident.

Ilolxirt Moore, born in Ireland in 1816, settled in Fulton County, Illinois, in early times, moved to this county in 1868 or 1869, and died in Goshen, (Jctober 26, 1881. He owned the farm purchased by him from Wm. Miner pi'ior to 1870.

ITenry S. Newcomer, born in Fayette County, Pa., in 1822, died in Toulon, July 19, 1883, in his sixty-second year. He settled in Goshen Township in 1864, moved to Toulon in 1877. '

Dr. J. II. iWc'Ar>4', physician and surgeon, was born in New Jersey, December 18, 1818. His parents were Zaba and Margaret (Smith) Nichols, natives of New Jersey. The doctor received the rudiments of an education at home, the practical part of which was acquired on the farm. When a lad he entered commercial life in the villao-e of Sparta, N. Y. In 1839 he moved to Connersville, Ind., came to Lafayette, 111., in 1840; subsequent!}^ studied literature at Tolsbury college, next taught school at Rising Sun, W. Tenn., and studied medicine uiuler Dr. Lamb, until he entered the Ohio Medical College in 1843. In the winter of 1844-5 he graduated from this institution, and in the spring of 185(> located permanently at Lafayette. In those years he was called to attend the sick and ^vounded over a large area - duties generally attended with dangers, difficulties and ])rivations. The horse and saddle formed the locomotive of this olden time - a monotonous, slow means of travel, but the best means which the military tract then assumed to be practicable. Notwithstanding those years of labor and hardshi])s the doctor is still sound in mind and body, givmg ])romise of holding his place among the ])ioneer physicians of Central Illinois for years to come ; though noAv retired from active professional Avork. He was married at Connersville, Ind., to Miss Louisa Woodcock in 1848. Their children are Luella Butler, wife of G. H. Butler, of Iliff", Col., and Albert II. Nichols. His wife died in 1874, in communion with the Congregational church. In 1881 he was appointed an officer of inland revenue at Peoria, 111., served four years, going out with the Republican party, of which he has been a life-long member. In 1878 he married Mi's. Emily Howell, of Lafayette. Dr. Nichols is a charter member of the Blue Lodge at Lafayette, and took a prominent part in building up the social and industrial interests of that village, credited to him in this work.

James Nicholson^ a native of Scotland, came to the United States in 1819, locatino- in St. Lawrence county. N. Y.. where he resided until 183S, when he migrated to Sangamon county. III. In 1842 he settled in this township and died here in 1856. aged sixty-six years. His wife died prior to the removal of the family from York state. Six of his children settled in Stark county, namely : David, Jane, wife of James Johnson, Toulon ; James, a citizen of Cahfornia, Elizabeth (deceased), Peter, in Nebraska, and William, of Company B, Thirty-seventli Illinois Volunteer Infantry, who died in hospital at St. Louis, Mo., in 1862. David Nicholson was born in Scotland, in 1818, accompanied his parents in all their travels, but preceded his father in settlement here, having located one-half mile west of his present home in 1811, and entered the eishtv acres on which his house now stands. In Februarv, 1813, he married Jane, daughter of Thomas Johnson, then residing near Springfield. 111. After the ceremony he had only twenty-five cents left to begin life on, and this investment is now represented by 485 acres of well improved land - all the result of his own thrift and enterprise. Of the eleven children born to Mr. Nicholson ten are living, namely : Louisa. Margaret. James and Thomas, twins, Mary, Ilobert David J.. Carrie. William F., Francis B.. and Nancy (deceased). Mr. and Mis. Nicholson have been members of the Congregational church at Toulon for over thirtv vears. Politicallv he is a Bepublican.

Eric r. Norherg, was born in Waslio county, in the District of AVestergotland, Sweden, June 22. 1813. There his father died in March, the following year, and with his mother, Eric worked on the farm and attended school. Subsequently he clerked in a factor}'^ for one year, then was appointed an officer of the government in one of the counties, which ]iosition he tilled up to May. 1312, when he emigrated to America. On his immigration he settled near ^lilwaukee, Wis. In 1811 he moved to Ludington, Mich., where he was the first settler. In 1848 he joined the Bishop Hill colony, and in 1863 settled in Goshen township. He was married at Bisho]) Hill to Miss Britta Johnson in 1848. Of their three children, two are living : Caroline, wife of John A. Jones, and Gustavus, an attorney of Iloldrege, Neb. Mr. Norberg is, in religious life, a Swedenborgian ; in politics he is very liberal, alwa\'s voting for men rather than for party.

2£(cJta.eI XoicJan^ one of the old settlers of Stark county, was Ijorn in Carlow county. Ireland, in 1800; emigrated to Newfoundland in youth, and there, for several vears. was engaged in the fisheries. Mr. Nowlan was married in Newfoundland. Moving into the United States the family made a home at Bostttn for some time, and next settled at Worcester. Mass., the father being engaged in the construction of America's first railroad. In 1840 he sought the western prairies as a home for his large family, and came to this county via the Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico. Mississi])[)i and Illinois rivers - the trip, even fortyseven years ago, being a long and weary one. He settled on the west half, southwest quarter, section 22, Goshen, walking to Rock Island en route to Galena, to make the entry. Subsequently he entered the north half, northeast quarter, section 28, but made his home on the honsestead of 1840, where his widow still resides. His sons. Patrick, of Hastings, Nebraska ; James, of Toulon ; William, of Goslien ; and John, deceased, came with the family in 1840. There were born here - Edward, of Goshen; David, of Havelock, la.; Michael, deceased; Mary, a sister of the order of the H0I3" Cross, Baltimore, ]\Id.; Henry, of Goshen; George, cashier of the Exchange Bank, Toulon, and Joseph, who for some years worked on the JVews, now in Peoria ; David served in Compan}' B, Thirty -seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, subsequently transferred to Davidson's Battery, retransferred to Thirty-seventh and mustered out after three years' service. The father of this large and popular family died March 5, 1881.

William JVoivlan, son of Michael Nowlan, an old settler of this county, wdiose history is given above, was born at Worcester, Mass., August 4, 1837. He came to Illinois with his father when three years old, attended the common schools here, entered the University of Notre Dame at South Bend, Ind.. and returning, took all those parts in building up the school system and teaching, credited to him in the chapter on schools, and the school history of Wyoming, Touhju and Lafayette. In 1802 his marriage with Miss Ellen B. Lynch, of Peoria county. 111., was solemnized. To them Francis E. and John were born - the latter deceased. He was elected surveyor of Stark county in 1860, as shown in the political history, and filled all these positions credited to him in the history of Goshen township. He owns KIO acres of land southeast of Lafayette, which is fully improved. His home is always open to temperance, intelligence, and their great associate, virtue. Nowhere can genuine hospitality disphiy itself in a higher degree than in his family circle.

Elijuh Pomeroy, who died at the close of the wjir, settled here about 1S40. One of his sons resides at West Jersey and the other in Kansas, as noted in other pages.

Henry l*reslei\ born in Fairfield county, Ohio, in 1823, was educated partly in the district schools and }iartly at Lancaster, Ohio. In 1854 he came to Stark county, settled in Goshen township, and for over thirty-two 3'ears has called this his home. Prior to coming west he married Miss Angelina Murphy, of Indiana, who died prior to 1855. For second wife he married Mrs. Sarah Ann, Avndo'w of Gideon B. Gillette, an old settler of Goshen, who died here at an early date. She is a daughter of Henry Dixon, of New York, and came west with her first husband about 1842. Her children were - Sheda, Abigail, Cj^nthia and Mary. By her second marriage two children were born - Cora and Frank, both deceased. For many years Mr. Presler has been prominently identified with the Christian church, and, indeed, with all religious work in his district. His wife is also a member. Up to 1844 he was an ardent sup])orter of republican doctrines, but in that campaign he embraced the cause of the prohibition party, and became one of its most devout advocates.

Sarauel Parris/i^ founder of the Parrish farail}^ in this county, was an Eastern man, a soldier of the Revolution, who settled in Canada and came from Canada to Illinois in 1837, locating on lands which he entered in Goshen township. One year hiter he, his wife, one son aiul three dau<z"hters embraced tlie Mormon faith, moved to Nanvoo, where the parents resided until their deatli, wliile their children followed the fortunes of that church to Salt Lake, where, today, one of their sons - Joel Parrish - is a celebrated Mormon preacher. Of his eleven children, who accompanied him from Canada to Stark county, Lydia is wife of Jacol) Emery of Galva. and Sulfina is the widow of Edward Mott. also a Mormon (who built the old coui't-house), are living. Eulofi" Parrish, aged seventy-eight years, died in 1882.

^Squire Pai'rish., son of Samuel Pari'ish, and his wife, Sophia. Althouse, came from Canada with their family to Goshen township in 1837, making their wagon a sleeping-room, and eighty acres theii- living-room for two weeks, until their basswood log house was completed - the pioneers aiding in its Ijuilding. The logs were first gathered, then split in luilves, the l^ai'k peeled otT and used for roofing; ])ut, to keep this "species" of roof in ])lace, poles had to be laid over it. It is related that while 'Squire Parrish was "To mill at Utica," his wife, two children and a visitor kept house during that winter of 1837-8. One night a storm came on, the efforts of the wife and visitor to keep the roof on failed. The snow began to ]xnir in, so that some other plan had to l)e ado])ted. This was sim])ly to take doAvn the childi'en's trundle-bed, and, with the ropes belonging to it, tie down the rebellious bark. The ])lan was adopted, the end of the rope tied to the stove and the familv sle])t out the storm without further interruption. On the return of the father the roof was thoroughly repaired. Some time later Mr. Parrish added another eighty acres to his first purchase, and resided in Goshen until 1850, when he moved to Toulon, where he died in 1877. Mrs. Sophia Parrish is still a resident of the county sea:. Their children were: Pethuel, of Goshen ; Sai'aii, wife of James McStimi)son ; Hiram, of Union count}^, la. ; Happy, wife of George Dugan, of Tayloi' county, la.; Cynthia, Avife of George Maxfield, of Nebraska; Lucy Coolev, deceased ; Sopliia. wife of D. Maxfield, of Nebraska ; Puloff, residing with his mother, and one son named Peter, deceased, who was a blacksmith at Toulon. 'Srjuire Parrish was not a member of any church, though raised a Quaker. His wife has been a Methodist for years.

BetJiad rarri^ih^ eldest son of 'Squire Parrish, was born in Canada, September 15, 1832. He was educated in this county, receiving a liberal education in the high schools of Toulon and Galva. i'or two years after coming of age he woi'ked on his father's farm. He married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of John Strayer, Ijorn in 1839 and married in 1856, as told in the marriage record. To them one son was born, February 16, 1857 - AVilliam H., now a farmer of this township. Since this time Mr. Parrish has been engaged in agriculture and stock gi'owing. He first j)ui'chased eighty acres of the homestead farm on section 11, three years later he acquired the other eighty acres. To this he has since added 2L0 acres, or the "Bowen Farm;" also 80 on section 10, which Samuel Parrish entered; also 80 acres on section 11, })urchased fi'om Samuel I5urg(s again he purchased 200 acres from A. N. Llarris, on sections 9 and 10 - aggregating 760 acres fully impi'oved.

After the death of his wife, and on February 4, 18()1, he married Miss Celestia (born June 24, 1S42), daughter of Elijah and Lydia Ferris, both natives of Canada. To them ten cliildren were born : Lillie M., born December 14. ISHS, died in 1877, and George F., born October 7, 1864, deceased in 188o ; Bertha A., born September 28, 1800 ; Herman A., born August 22, 1868; Blanche S., born August 11, 1873; Lizzie E. and Lucy M. (twins), born September 18, 1877; Sarah P., born November 8, 1880; Jessie L. and Bessie L. (twins), born October 10, 1883.^ Mr. Parrish is not a ])olitician, although wlien a boy he remembers the voters taking a "jug" of whisk\^ with them to the polls; he also remembers the corn mortar and mill, and fully appreciates the improvements in voting and milling. In school matters he is earnest, and has for eighteen years been a director; in agriculture he ranks anujng the first farmers in the state, and as a citizen among the most useful and excellent. ( Vide history of Joel and Iiidoff l*ari"ish.)