Milford Township

Milford Township

This village, which is situated one mile east of the center of the township, was originally located on and covered the N.E. ^ of the S.E. \ of Sec. 15, T. 25 N., E. 12 W. 2d principal meridian. This land was entered by William Pickerel, October 4, 1832. The village was platted by Pickerel, September 24, 1836 ; Jonas Smith, county surveyor, making the survey. The plat was certified October 6, and recorded October 10, 1836, and described as " situated at Wm. Pickerel's mills on Sugar creek, one of the main branches of the Iroquois river." Pickerel sold the whole tract to John B. Strickler, May 31, 1837. Railroad addition to the village of Milford was laid out and platted by John L. Donovan, August 7, 1871, and recorded the same date. The survey was made by George Dalton, a deputy of B. F. Masters, county surveyor. It is located on land formerly owned by Charles Axtell. The tract thus platted lies on both sides of the line separating sections 14 and 15, and is described by metes and bounds. The depot grounds of the Chicago & Eastern Illinois railroad are located in this addition. Donovan's addition adjoins railroad addition on the east, and is laid out on land bought of Samuel Grant. On the west of railroad addition is Dawson's addition of out-lots, surveyed by B. F. Masters. This addition extends west to the new cemetery, and lies on both sides of the road running west from the depot.

Few villages in any sections of the country, can boast of more improvements, backed up with abundant promise of greater substantial prosperity, than Milford. On the east, west and south sides are beautiful groves, while immediately to the north, and also beyond these groves, extend in all directions vast rolling prairies, well drained and yielding enormous crops of all kinds of grain, and sustaining thousands of cattle. Of this region Milford is the most available market, and the enterprise of its citizens is fast binding this extensive trade, and constantly extending every facility and offering every encouragement that superior business sagacity and a liberal outlay of money can present, to maintain and extend their commercial relations.

Blanchfill, secretary ; "W. T. Sheridan, treasurer ; James "Woodworth, police justice ; Samuel Caughron, street commissioner. At the election held to vote upon the question of incorporation sixty-one votes were cast; sixty were in favor of the measure and only one negative vote.

The first elevator put up in the village was burnt as already stated. The elevator now standing on the same ground was erected by John Fairman in 1877. Mr. Fairman is a man of great business enterprise and sagacity, and foreseeing the advantages of such an investment, determined to build an elevator of sufficient capacity to accommodate the grain trade of this section. He pushed forward his undertaking amid many prophesies of failure, but the result has justified his expectations. The capacity of the building is 25,000 bushels. It is run by an engine of thirty-five horse power, with which is connected a mill for grinding corn. The elevator can receive and deliver 4,000 bushels per day. Mr. Fairman was the first grain buyer in Watseka.

The general character of the inhabitants of a city or village is often indicated by the quality and style of their buildings. This certainly is true of Milford. No village in eastern Illinois can boast of a better class of buildings, either for business or residence. Nearly all of the business houses are substantial brick buildings, well finished, and filled with large and complete stocks of goods.

During the past season many substantial and expensive buildings have been constructed. Postmaster James Woodworth and A. J. Miller have erected a two-story brick block, which will be occupied as a post-office and for dry-goods. Goldstein & Son have also put up a building of equal size with their present one, thus doubling their facilities for doing business. Fairman and McConnell have also built an extensive brick addition to their very large store. These facts are more convincing than words in estimating business prospects. As a further evidence of a sure progress, it may be stated that the amount ol sales exceed $200,000 annually.

Strickler Bros, have an extensive wagon manufactory. Their establishment also embraces a planing-mill containing three planers, a blacksmith and repair shop, a large saw-mill and a machine for cutting felloes, besides mortise and boring machines. The machinery is driven by a powerful engine. They manufactured last year over 400 wagons, and are constantly turning, out an immense amount of work. John Bentson is largely engaged in manufacturing wagons and cabinet work.

The clay deposits in this region are of considerable extent and great value. The varieties usually found are blue and brick clay, and also what is called joint clay, which seems to be composed of magnesia and lime, since the articles made from it " burn white." The clay is more readily found near the timber, and wherever the surface is broken into banks or plateaus. These sources of wealth are made available through the extensive works of Dr. Ira Brown and George Hix. The manufacture of drain-tile was commenced on Mr. Hix's land in the year 1873 by Elson Lee, but the enterprise was not successful, and the works passed into Mr. Hix's hands. Perseverance and energy, with a practical knowledge of working and burning clay have, however, triumphed over all obstacles. The demand for tile had become so great, that in 1878 Dr. Brown established his present extensive works, and still the want is not supplied. The doctor is constantly adding new and improved machinery ; he has also substituted steam instead of horse power. An excellent quality of brick is also made at these works in large quantities. The amount of tile made the past season by both manufactories is about 22,552 rods, equal to a distance of over seventy miles.- Several different sizes of tile are made, ranging from two and a half to eight inches. Mr. Jasper Pretzman is also largely engaged in the making of brick. The aggregate amount of brick made during the season amounts to about 700,000. With a continuation of the present general prosperity this amount will be largely exceeded in the future.

Milford Lodge, No. 168, A.F. & A.M., was organized October 2, 1855 ; James Anderson, G.M. The charter members were : Darius Hartwell, Dr. Hartwell, Joshua Seth, Allen Latham and others. Present membership about forty-two.

Kankakee, Spring Creek, Ash Grove and Milford. Preaching services had indeed been held at irregular intervals previous to this time, but no regular service. Mr. Springer preached once in four weeks. After the first school-house was erected in the village of Milford, these services were held there so long as this building was used for school purposes; afterward the class met frequently in Isaac Bennett's tavern, and after a new school-house was built the meetings were held there until the erection of the present church building, in 1861. The present membership is 170 ; of the Sabbath school, 95.

Of the United Brethren no very definite information can be obtained. It lias been organized for several years. They worship in the M. E. house at regular intervals. Among the early preachers were the Kenovers - father and son. The Milford society belongs to the Milford circuit. Present number of members in circuit about seventy.

The Christian chapel was organized April, 1879, by Rev. C. B. Austin. This church has recently completed a new and tasteful house, 30x50 feet in size, and having a beautiful spire. It is centrally located, and together with the lot cost about $1,600. The first service in the new house was held September 13, 1879. The members number about fifty.

The first public institution established in Milford was a schoolhouse. In 1836 or 1837 a log school-house was built in the village of Milford, and a number of the present inhabitants received their first induction into the mysteries of science in that building. It served the purposes of school-house, church, and public hall until about 1854, when it was sold to Mr. Samuel Bowers, who converted it into a blacksmith's shop. About the last meeting held in it was a political one during the Fremont campaign. A new and larger building was then erected some distance east of the log house. It may be of interest to know that Mr. Bovvers continued to use this building as his shop until September 23, 1879, when it was torn away to make room for a new building. The new brick school-house is a very fine and commodious structure. It was erected in 1875 at a cost of $4,000. The building is of brick, 45x55 feet, and 32 feet high. It contains four large rooms, well lighted and furnished with first-class appliances, as seats, charts, globes, etc., at an additional cost of $1,000. The school population of this district, including all under twenty-one, is 328; the average attendance is about 200. The board, under whose supervision this building was erected, were: A. J. Endsley, William Sommers and M. A. Thompson.

contain good school-houses. District ~No. 3 is not organized. The amount of township school-fund is $6,027 ; the number of persons in the town under twenty-one and over six years of age is 483; amount of school-fund apportioned the last year and paid to township treasurer was $448.43.

Milford was made a money-order office July 1, 1874. The present postmaster, James Woodworth, was commissioned October 18, 1872. The number of money-orders issued since that date up to August 20, 1879, was 3,775, of an aggregate amount of $75,000. In the year 1872 the post-office business amounted to $150. In 1879 it had increased to $25,000. It was made a third-class office January 1, 1878. This remarkable result is due to the untiring efforts of Mr. Woodworth. The estimation in which his work is held by the Post-office department, is indicated by the remark of a special agent, publicly made : " It is the best conducted office on the road." And when the new office is completed there will be nothing left to be desired.

The cemetery in Milford is situated southeast of the village and just east of the Methodist church. This cemetery is located in a grove, and burials continue to be made there, as also in the Vennum graveyard. Mr. John Fairman has recently purchased ten acres just west of the village tot be used as a cemetery. The location is a beautiful one : of a gently rolling surface and covered with a growth of young forest trees. The site of Anthony Stanley's log house, erected in 1830, is at the western extremity of this tract.

The Milford "Herald " was first issued July 21, 1876, by J. R. Fox, editor and proprietor. Mr. Fox continued its publication nearly two years, when the entire outfit was purchased by Edward L'Hote, of Marshall, Illinois. Mr. L'Hote is a practical printer, and under his management the circulation is rapidly increasing. The " Herald " ably represents the interests of the township and advocates the principles of the greenback party. It has over 400 subscribers.

The Milford " Genius " is a lively paper recently established, and is edited and published by J. W. Sargent. It has a good patronage both in subscription and advertisements, and bids fair to become one of the leading journals of the county.

The township is traversed by the Chicago & Eastern Illinois (formerly the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes) railroad. This road, which divides the town into nearly equal parts, was completed to Milford village July 4, 1871. Its construction has given a wonderful impetus to every department of business. It has been justly remarked that the eras or periods of development in this state are marked by

The Milford Live Stock Importing Company was organized May 17, 1875, by twelve substantial farmers of this township, largely through the influence of B. F. Masters. The first officers were : John Webster, president ; P. Crink, secretary ; and Geo. Martin, treasurer. The object of the association is to improve the breed of draft horses in this township by importing blooded animals from abroad. Mr. Martin was sent to France to make purchases, and two Norman stallions and one Percheron were received July 31, 1875. The company has since obtained a fine Clydesdale horse. These were the first importations into the eastern part of the county.

Milford was not behind her sister towns in responding to the call " to arms'" at the beginning of the civil war. Many of her sons made a brilliant record during these years of strife and bloodshed. Many of her homes were made desolate by the loss of loved ones who took up arms to maintain the integrity of our country. Some who returned will carry to their graves the marks of that memorable conflict. A minute history of the war will be found on another page.

At present Milford can boast of but one literary society, " The Blue Ribbon Society," which is well sustained ; and it may be here remarked that not a saloon or place where liquor is sold can be found within the limits of Milford village.

Biographical

The biography of Mr. Aaron Thomas cannot be written without writing the early history of Milford township. A large part of this early history, as presented in the " History of Iroquois County," was obtained from Mr. Thomas himself. His father, Mr. Asa Thomas, was one of the earliest, if not the earliest, settler in this township. Aaron Thomas was born in Adams county, Ohio, May 21, 1822. In 1831 he came into this township with his father's family, and has since lived on or near the place he now occupies in section 22. Aaron was married in May, 1855, to Barbara J. Pankake, whose parents were also early settlers in this township. Mr. Thomas is a republican ; he is also a Master Mason, and a member of the Sons of Temperance. For a more extended notice of Mr Thomas' life, reference is made to the early history of Milford township.

Adams county, Ohio, August 14, 1824. With his brothers, his boyhood days were passed amid the privations and alarms incident to frontier life. While his brothers became heads of families, Asa seemed to be designated as the one to remain at home and care for the aged father. Consequently he married much later in life than his brothers. He was married July 14, 1867, to Mary Jane Bragg, and continues to reside quietly among scenes made memorable by the incidents of former years. Mr. Thomas is a republican, and has always manifested a strong interest in local affairs.

Benjamin F. Thomas, farmer, Milford, son of Asa and Eleanor Thomas,was born in "Wehaw Plains, Indiana, May 20,1830. TheThomas' settlement in Milford township is fully described in the history of that town. He was one of the children carried away in the flight that occurred on the supposed advance of hostile Indians. Mr. Thomas has lived in this town since very early childhood, and from him are derived many of the early reminiscences, particularly the description of the "ancient" log school-house, given in the same history. He located on section 4, where he now resides. Mr. Thomas was married to Miss Amanda A. Hoover, March 11, 1858, who died December 5, 1874. His brother Fantleyroy was killed at the Raymond, near Vicksburg, after having served three years in the 20th 111. Vol., without a scratch. Mr. Thomas is a republican, and also a Master Mason, having served as Master of Milford Lodge. He has always been a pronounced temperance man.

Samuel Thomas, farmer, Milford, son of Asa Thomas, the original settler in this township, was born October 30, 1826, in Adams county, Ohio. He came to Illinois with his father's family in 1831, where he has since resided. Mr. Thomas has been twice married. His first wife was Catherine Pankake, to whom he was married December 23, 1850. In November, 1858, he married Maria L. Lewis, with whom he is still living. Man}r of the incidents contained in the early history of Milford township are furnished by Mr. Thomas. He was an eye-witness of all that he relates, and the early history of Milford is a record of the Thomas family since 1831. Mr. Thomas is a republican.

Bcthuel P. Williamson, farmer, Milford, son of Samuel and Sarah Williamson, was born in Adams county, Ohio, April 7, 1816. Mr. Williamson's grandfather manufactured gunpowder for the American army during the American revolution. For this powder he received his pay in Continental money, and in the financial collapse at the close of the war he lost the avails of his seven years' work. Mr. Williamson's father served in the war of 1812, under McArthur, and was present when Flynn and Coy were murdered by Indians. He was one of the scouts sent after the Indians. The family removed to Fountain county, Indiana, in 1825, where they remained seven years. They then came to Iroquois county and settled in Crab Apple, where they remained seventeen years. The father died in Belmont. Mr. Williamson continued with his father until his marriage, in 1840, to Miss Margaret Williams. His second wife was Ellen Kelley. He was married to his third wife, Miss Ellen Huston, November 22, 1860. Miss Huston is the daughter of Mrs. Susannah Tullis, who was born in Hamilton county, Ohio, December 21, 1808. Mr. Williamson's house was entirely consumed by fire early on the morning of January 2, 1875, during a furious snow-storm. The family barely escaped, saving but few articles. The origin of the fire was never discovered. Mr. Williamson is one of the very early settlers of Iroquois county, and has experienced the hardships and vicissitudes of frontier life. He saw many Indians. He also witnessed the first hanging in this county, at Bunkum. Mr. Williamson, together with his father and brother, assisted in building Pickerel's horse-mill, at Mil ford. Two of his sons served through the civil war in the 76th Ind. Vol. These sons were engaged in the battles around Yicksburg, and at Fort Blakeley, and were nearly lost in the steamer Peabody during the passage from New Orleans to Mobile. Many of the incidents related in the history of Mil ford are furnished by Mr. Williamson. In politics he is a republican.

Hiram Venn urn, Milford, farmer, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, July 31, 1814. His parents were Thomas and Elizabeth Vennum. His father held the rank of colonel in the war of 1812, and was detailed to serve on a court-martial summoned to try a company of soldiers who were enlisted in his county, and left the field and returned home without being discharged. The family came to Milford in the fall of 1834, and first settled on Sugar creek, where they remained three years. Mr. Thomas Vennum then entered a large tract of land on the prairie in the north part of the township, and their future home was established on " The Mound," lot 8 in the N. W. £ of Sec. 2, where Hiram Vennum now resides. Mr. Vennum was married March, 1844, to Miss Nancy Wagner. Many of the details of the early history of Milford are furnished by Mr. Vennum. He has been intimately connected with the events that have transpired during his long residence here. Mr. Vennum's parents and many relatives now lie buried in the graveyard west of Mr. Vennum's house. Mr. Vennum is still in the enjoyment of good health. He says that he never used liquor or tobacco in any form, nor ever played a game of chance in his life.

under Gen. Harrison in the war of 1812. In 1827, they moved from Ohio to Fountain county, Indiana, where they remained five years. In the spring of 1834 they removed to Milford township, where their parents died. Mr. Nilson was married, March 12, 1839, to Miss Susan L. Wagner, and has since continued to reside in the township. Mr. Nilson was for many years county surveyor, and there is scarcely a fortyacre tract that he has not traversed. At the time of his coming here the county-seat had not been located, and the county court was, for one or two years, held at Mr. Nilson's house. At that time not a house stood on the prairie. Mr. N". has been largely identified with the growth and progress of Iroquois county, and is held in high estimation by his townsmen. He has held many important local offices, and both he and Mrs. Nilson are still in the enjoyment of health and vigor. Mr. Nilson has a vivid remembrance of the " olden time," and many of his experiences are recorded in the history of Milford township.

Mrs. Susannah Beck, Milford, was born in Mrfflin county, Pennsylvania, June 2, 1821. Her father, Isaac Body, is still living and in his ninety-sixth year. The family removed to Indiana, near Covington, where they remained several years, and in 1835 came to Milford and settled near Sugar creek on section 10. Miss Body was first married to George Gray, October 21, 1841, who was born June 26, 1819, in Warren county, Ohio, and died August 8, 1861. She afterward married Jacob Beck, in August, 1863, with whom she is still living. Mrs. Beck well remembers and describes the peculiar incidents of pioneer life. She is a member of the United Brethren church. Her father has been a man of remarkable physical powers, as is shown by the great age he has already attained.

Robert L. Williams, Milford, farmer, was born in Indiana, February 19, 1828. His parents came from Ohio to Indiana, where they lived several years. They then removed to Illinois, and settled where Joliet now stands. At the commencement of the Black Hawk war, the parents returned to Indiana, settling in Warren county. About the year 1835 they again left Indiana, and located on Sugar creek in Milford township, and died there. The son, Robert, came with them, and has remained ever since in this township with the exception of seven years, from 1840 to 1847, when he lived in Vermilion county. In 1850 he married Diana Rothgeb ; she died March 28, 1855. He was subsequently married to Mrs. Priscilla Sturdevant, February 13, 1865. Mr. Williams has a fine location, and is a prosperous farmer. He was a democrat until two years since, when he united with the greenback party.

September 12, 1813. His parents were John and Prudy Harness. The family emigrated to Indiana in the fall of 1829, when soon after the father died. The mother died in 1820. Mr. Harness' father and an uncle, George Clifford, served in the war of 1812, and were among the forces surrendered by Hull at Detroit. His uncle died while in the United States service. Mr. Harness came to Illinois, and afterward returned to Warren county, Indiana, where he remained several years. Returning to Illinois, in 1836, he settled in Iroquois county, town of Milford, where he was married July 22, 1836, to Miss Sally Thomas. She died in the fall of 1857. As will be seen, Mr. Harness is one of those who participated in all the privations incident to frontier life, and whose record is a part of the early history of this county. Mr. Harness did not marry again, but himself reared the eight young children left by his wife, giving them his undivided and devoted attention. Mr. Harness is still in vigorous health, and lives with his children. He is one of the men who make history. In politics he is a stanch republican.

Asa B. Thomas, Milford, farmer and constable, was born in Milford township, September 27, 1838. His parents were William and Mary Jane Thomas. The family moved from Wehaw Plains, Indiana, to Illinois. He received the rudiments of a common-school education in a log house southwest one mile. His parents were among those who were occasionally alarmed by reports of hostile Indians, mentioned in township history of Milford. Mr. Thomas was employed on the farm until twenty-one years of age. No events of special interest had occurred in his life up to this time. On December 9, 1863, Mr. Thomas enlisted at Danville in Co. K, 76th 111. Yol. Inf., and served in this regiment until August, 1865, when he was transferred to Co. K, 37th 111. Vet. Yol. Inf., at Galveston, Texas. While in the 76th Mr. Thomas saw severe service, participating in the battles of Jackson and Canton, Mississippi, and of Fort Blakeley, Alabama. In July, 1864, while on the skirmish line, he was sun-struck and fell into the enemy's hands. He remained a prisoner about sixty days; was alsosick three months with measles; has been twice wounded. From Fort Blakeley he was sent to Selma, thence to Mobile, thence to Galveston, where he was actively employed until honorably discharged May 15, 1866. After working as carpenter for eighteen months at Hempstead, Texas, Mr. Thomas went to Limestone county and followed the business of potter. Here he was married to Miss Mary E. Knox in November, 1866, whose parents had previously moved to Texas from Illinois. Mr. Thomas continued to work as a potter until 1871. At this time he became involved in a serious difficulty with Shirley Hen- derson, who had attacked him. The result of this was the death of Henderson. Thomas gave' himself up, but fearing mob violence subsequently made his escape to Illinois. While working here he was arrested by the sheriff of Limestone county, taken to Texas, tried, convicted and sentenced to be hung. He succeeded in obtaining a new trial ; a change of venue was had, and Thomas was honorably acqui'tted. To show the direction of public opinion in the matter, it is only necessary to state that bail to the amount of $50,000 was promptly offered, but refused by the court through fear. He has since resided in Milford, and served as constable in this township.

Mrs. Sarah Strain, Milford, was born in "Washington county, Indiana, September 22, 1823. Her parents were Robert and Sarah Harvey. Two of her brothers served through the Mexican war, and four brothers: William, Elliott, James and Wallace served through the war of secession. William fell at Shiloh, while acting colonel of the 8th reg. 111. Yol. Elliott was a captain in an Iowa*regiment ; James and Wallace in Indiana regiments. Sarah Harvey was married to David Strain, April 2, 1840, having come to Illinois in 1839. He died January 12, 1866. He was a farmer. Of two sons, one is living; the other, James H., enlisted in the 113th 111. Inf., and died at Memphis of measles, December 24, 1862. John Strain, father of David, one of the earliest settlers of Iroquois county, served in the war of 1812, moved to Illinois in 1834, and died March 29. 1866. Mrs. Strain has six daughters living, and through life has been a devoted member of the Methodist church.

Zimri Hobson, farmer and local preacher, Milford, son of Andrew and Ruthea Hobson, was born in Highland county, fOhio, January 27, 1820. The family left Ohio in 1827, and settled in Warren county, Indiana, and afterward moved to Iowa, where the parents died. Mr. Hobson was married in Indiana, March 21, 1841, to Miss Mary A. Waymire, and settled in Iroquois county, Stockland township, until the fall of 1876, when -he came to Milford. Having sold his farm [he invested a large share of his means in merchandise, but lost his investment. He is domiciled in a pleasant home. Mr. H. has been a prominent and consistent Methodist for thirty-nine years. He is a Master Mason, and has filled several township offices acceptably. Mr. H. has shown in his life how a strong determination can triumph over early defects in education. He is entirely self-taught, and yet is proficient in the ordinary branches of an English education. He has led a laborious and Christian life, and is highly esteemed.

The Strickler family was among the first located in the present town of Milford. The father, John B. Strickler, was born in Page county, Yir- ginia, in 1803, and in 1824 was married to Miss Barbara Brubaker, who survives him. While living in Virginia Mr. Strickler was extensively engaged in milling on the Shenandoah. In 1837 the family came to Milford, where he again engaged in milling. He also kept a store and erected the first brick [house in town. In this house he lived many years keeping tavern, and was also postmaster. Mr. Strickler's father served through the American revolution with the rank of colonel. He himself served in the Mexican war with the rank of major. The incidents connected with the early settlement of this family in Milford will be found in the township history. The father died in March, 186T. Of the children, three sons and two daughters survive. Of the sons, Isaac N. was born in Newton, Indiana, August 10, 1846. He attended school for two years in Chicago. At the 4age of eighteen years he enlisted in Co. D, 150th reg. 111. ^Yol. Inf. This regiment was sent to Tennessee, and served in the closing campaigns of the war. He washonorably discharged, February, 1866, at Atlanta, Georgia. He received a saber-wound on the hand which nearly disabled him. With the exception of three months, he was always ready for duty. He was married, April 22, 1874, to Miss Minnie Misch, of Milford. John M. Strickler was born at Milford, May 27, 1842, and in October 1874, was married to Miss Hannah Collins. John M. has always lived in Milford ; he was brought up on the farm. He has filled several important local offices. The brothers, John M. and Isaac N., constitute the firm of Strickler Bros., and since the close of the war have been engaged in manufacturing wagons. They are now conducting an extensive and prosperous business. Isaac is a Master Mason ; John is a member of the United Brethren church. Both the brothers are democrats.

Harvey Rush, farmer, Woodland, son "of Samuel Rush, Jr., and Anna Rush, is a native of Milford township, and was born August 12, 1851. He attended the school in his district until he was sufficiently advanced in his studies, when he was sent to Onarga Seminary, where he remained two years. From the school he returned to the farm, and has since devoted his energies to the successful conduct of his farm. He was married, November 7, 1876, to Miss Hattie Garner. He is now living on lot 8 of the N.E. ^ of Sec. 6, which he inherited from his father. It is known as the " Grandfather Rush " farm. That Mr. Rush has established a character for business enterprise and capacity is well shown by the fact that he was named in his grandfather's will as the executor of his estate. In politics he is a republican.

was a lineal descendant of a " Pilgrim " family. His father was an eminent millwright ; and was noted for the accuracy of his work. He also served as a lieutenant in the war of 1812, and as such was pensioned. The family removed in 1839 to La Grange county, Indiana, where the parents died. Dr. Smith was litted for college at Whitesboro Academy, and graduated from Hamilton College. His medical studies \vere commenced at Whitesboro and finished at New York University, of which institution he is a graduate. In 1851 Dr. Smith established himself in practice at Milford, where he has since resided. In March, 1851, he was married to Miss Lucinda Woodworth. The doctor is one of the veteran practitioners of this county. At one time he was compelled to take a long vacation, on account of impaired health. He is at the present time conducting a successful drug business in connection with an extensive practice. Many interesting incidents of " early times " are related by the doctor.

Archibald 0. Parkes, farmer, Milford, son of William and Sarah Parkes, was born in Preble county, Ohio, March 19, 1830. His grandfather, and also an uncle, Isaac Creason, served in the war of 1812. His brother James served through the Mexican and civil wars. The family left Ohio in 1840 and settled in Grant county, Indiana, where his father died. In 1852 Mr. Parkes and mother came to Milford township, and occupied C. Yennum's farm one year. In 1853 he entered several hundred acres of government land in section 1, and afterward bought the place where he now resides. On May 3, 1857, he was married to Miss Margaret B. Deeds, of Miami county, Indiana. Miss Deeds, daughter of William and Matilda Deeds, was born in Coshocton county, Ohio. Her parents removed to Indiana. Mr. Parkes' grandfather built the first mill in Preble county. Mr. Parks now has a fine farm of about 600 acres; 300 in pasture and 300 under cultivation. Besides this property he owns several houses and lots in Milford. Every year he feeds and ships off a large number of cattle and hogs. Yet Mr. Parkes commenced here with little more than his hands and an unbounded supply of energy. Some of the township history is furnished by Mr. Parkes.

Charles W. Davis, farmer and trader, Milford, T. 25 N., R. 12 W. 2d principal meridian, was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, May 20, 1837. His parents were Jonathan and Elizabeth Davis. The family moved to Milford in 1853, where the parents died. Mr. Davis received a good common-school education. His life was passed in active business pursuits up to the year 1863, when he enlisted in Co. H, llth Ind. Cav., at La Fayette. This regiment made an honorable record, finally culminating in the battle of Nashville. Soon after enlisting,

Mr. Davis contracted a violent rheumatic complaint, which has since permanently disabled him. He was furloughed in 1864, then returned to his regiment at Edgefield, Tennessee ; afterward had a relapse, arid was honorably discharged in May, 1865. He was married, December 6, 1868, to Miss Anna Curalie, and has continued to reside in Milford. He is a member of the United Brethren church ; was a war democrat, and now of the greenback party.

Jasper Burt, farmer, Milford, is a native of Milford. He was born July 9, 1853. His parents, Solomon and Elizabeth Burt, lived on the northeast quarter of the southeast quarter of section 24. They died in the fall of 1858. Mr. Burt was married, June 9, 1875, to Miss Lucinda A. Johnson, in Stockland township, where he resided two seasons. His education was obtained at the old Gothic school-house. Mr. Burt is an enterprising and industrious young man, and bids fair to make a successful career.

James T. Yates, laborer, Milford, was born in Licking county, Ohio, August 21, 1830. His parents were William and Anna Yates. They died when James was an infant, leaving him to the care of an uncle. In 1853 he came to Milford, where he engaged in milling until 1861, when he enlisted in the 42d 111. Vol. He remained in the service until 1862, when he was discharged, having lost an eye. He reenlisted in 1864 in the 134th 111. Yol. and mustered out the following November. He was married, December 6, 1868, to Mrs. Anna Yaining, whose husband had died in Andersonville. Mr. Yates is a member of the M. E. church; also an Odd-Fellow. In politics he is a republican.

Mrs. Lucretia Laird, Milford, was born in Tippecanoe county, Indiana, March 4, 1827. Her parents were John and Barbara Pruitt. She was married, April 4, 1847, to Elias Laird. In 1854 Mr. and Mrs. Laird left Indiana, and coming to Milford township settled on section 32, put up a shanty, fenced thirty acres of land and put in a crop of wheat. Mr. Laird turned his attention principally to raising cattle. Mr. Laird was born in Ohio, February 20, 1824, and died October 1, 1874. Mrs. Laird retains the farm, but at present is living in the village of Milford. She is a member of the United Brethren church.

Charles W. Dawson, farmer, Milford, was born in Ross county, Ohio, May 15, 1814. His parents, Leonard and Mary Jane Dawson, died in Ohio. Mr. Dawson left Ohio in 1834, and came to Warren county, Indiana, where he was married, December 18, 1834, to Miss Mary J. Hooker. He remained in Warren county about fifteen years, and then removed to Benton county". Here he remained about five years. He again removed, settling in Milford township in 1854, on section 27, where he still lives. Two sons, Lewis and Smiley, enlisted in the late war. Smiley enlisted in 1861 in Co. B, 51st Ind. Vol. ; discharged November 15, 1862. He again enlisted in the fall of 1863, and died in a rebel prison from the effects of a wound received at Guntown. Lewis enlisted in Co. D, 150th 111. Yols., and was discharged January 16, 1866. Mr. Dawson's farm lay in the track of the tornado which passed over this county in 1866. He is a republican. Mr. Dawson is one of the best known men in this county.

Andrew J. Endsley, stock-dealer and farmer, Milford, son of Peter and Mary Endsley, was born in Wayne county, Indiana, June 22, 1824, and raised in Shelby county. His father served in the Black Hawk war ; was a farmer. A. J. Endsley was married December 27, 1846, to Miss Matilda Scott. In 1854 he removed to Iroquois county, and settled four miles south of Milford, where he remained twelve years, engaged in farming and stock-raising ; thence to Milford, where he now resides. Mr. Endsley is essentially a self-made 'man, having never attended school except six months in a log house. His brother Henry served in the Mexican war under Gen. Scott, marching to the city of Mexico, and participated in all the battles of that campaign. Mr. Endsley has filled several minor offices ; is a Royal Arch Mason, being one of two charter members of the lodge in Milford now living. He has been successful in business pursuits.

Samuel Bower, blacksmith, Milford, was born - in Pennsylvania, December 24, 1829 ; moved to Milford in 1855. Since that time he has worked steadily at his trade, not being from home more than seven months in that time. He was married, in 1859, to Mrs. Elizabeth Moffit. He is entirely self-taught. His early life was spent as canal boy, and he has passed through the usual rough and exciting scenes of canal life. Mr. Bower occupies as a smithy the first school-house built in Milford. In politics he is a republican.

Henry L. Fanning, farmer, Milford, was born in Fauquier county, Virginia, September 6, 1828. The family record will be found in the biography of John Fanning, Sr., whose brother he is. Mr. Fanning went from Ohio to California in 1852, whence he returned in 1856, and came to Milford the same year. He located on section 11, where he has since resided, wholly engaged in farming. Mr. Fanning has a very fine farm, and has been successful in business. On January 1, 1852, he was married to Miss Marcissa Johnson, whose grandfather served through the war of independence. Mr. Fanning enjoyed such educational advantages as were afforded by the schools of the early period, and has witnessed the sweeping changes that have occurred in this county. He is a Master Mason, and has held no important office. He belongs to the greenback party.

Jonas M. Rush, farmer, "Woodland, son of Samuel Rush, Jr., and Anna Rush, and brother of Harvey, was born in Milford, February 11, 1856. Jonas and George Rush are twin brothers. He received a good common-school education, and was married, March 14, 1878, to Miss Josie Johnson. He is residing upon and cultivating his farm of 110 acres, whic,h he also inherited from his father, the same being lot 8 in the N.W. % of Sec. 5. Mr. Rush is giving especial attention to raising stock. |He is a member of t the United Brethren church ; and, like all of his family, republican in politics.

James A. Laird, policej justice and assistant postmaster, Milford, was born in Ohio May 30, 1830. His parents were Samuel J. and Delila Laird. The father was engaged in farming, milling and dealing in live-stock. The family moved to Indiana in 1840, where he engaged in a variety of occupations. In 1856 he removed to Illinois, having previously secured a large tract of land near Milford. He gave each of his sons, six in number, 160 acres of land, and afterward each of his three daughters 80 acres or an equivalent, reserving 240 acres for himself. He died in August, 1871; the mother in February, 1877. Three sons, Elias, John and George, died within one week, and Charles shortly after, all of the same disease. Another brother, Robert, enlisted in the 76th 111. Vol. in 1861, and soon after died of same disease - typhoid fever. James A. removed to Milford October, 1877, where he still resides. He was married, March 4, 1852. to Miss Permelia Long. His life has been an uneventful one.

Milton L. Biggs, keeper of livery and feed stable, Milton, son of Matthew and Mary Biggs, was born November 22, 1841, in Dearborn county, Indiana. His father was a farmer, and is supposed to have perished in the explosion of a steamboat on which he was. Mr. Biggs came to Milford in 1857 and remained until 1868, engaged in farming. He then returned to Indiana, and was married, October 23, 1868, to Adeline Mote. He again came to Milford in January, 1879, and bought the livery stock where he now is. Mr. Biggs is a notable example of what energy will accomplish under very adverse circumstances. "When seventeen years of age he was severely injured and made a cripple for life, having his breast crushed under the hoof of a horse from which he had fallen. He is a democrat.

Edward Reed, school teacher, Milford, son of Thomas and Elmyra Reed, was born in Newark, Ohio, August 18, 1848 ; obtained his education in the common schools of his native state ; came to Milford, Illinois, alone, in August, 1857, and engaged in mercantile pursuits for about three years. He was married, November 10, 1870, to Miss Sarah E. Lemley. Mr. Reed was in active business until 1870, when he com- menced teaching in this and Stockland townships, and has continued to teach, with a short interruption, to the present time. He has held the offices of assessor and assistant postmaster, and is now village clerk. Mr. Reed offered himself as a soldier, but the military authorities refused him, in consequence of his having lost three fingers from his left hand when a child. Mr. Reed is a member of the Methodist church and an Odd-Fellow, and belongs to the greenback party.

Samuel Euans, farmer, Milford, was born in Logan county, Ohio, April 15, 1807. His father, Joseph Euans, served in the war of 1812, and was under Harrison at Fort Meigs at the time of Hull's surrender. He held a captain's commission and raised a company for the war. Mr. Euans says, that during his father's absence his mother frequently went out and chopped wood in the deep snow to keep her children warm ; and that for six months at a time the family did not see a morsel of bread ; they lived on meat and corn pounded in a hollow block. Mr. Euans' grandfather served seven years under the immediate command of Gen. Washington. When a boy he has often visited the Indians and witnessed their sports. His parents lived and died in Ohio. In 1830 he was married to Miss Jemima Buckley. His son William served in an Illinois volunteer regiment fifteen months. The family came to Iroquois county in 1858, and to Milford in 1877, where Mr. Euans and wife have since resided.

Thomas Loveless, stock-dealer, Milford, was born in Ross county, Ohio, May 4, 1839. His parents were William and Mary Loveless. The family removed from Ohio in 1841, and came to Tippecanoe county, Indiana. His father was a farmer, and continued to reside in Indiana until his death. His mother also died there. Mr. Loveless continued to reside with his parents until the year 1858. He was married, July 27, 1858, to Miss Harriet Funk, and in 1859 removed to Milford, and settled, where he now resides, on section 21. Mr. Loveless' grandfather served in the war of 1812.

William Misch, grocer, Milford, was born in Germany, September 20, 1852. His parents are August and Rachel Misch. His father was a soldier in the Prussian army. The family came to the United States in 1861, and located in Milford. Mr. Misch obtained his education in the Milford public school. He afterward worked on a farm four years ; then spent eleven years as a clerk. In April, 1879, he purchased the stock of groceries of Mr. John Holmes, and is now successfully conducting the business on an extensive scale. Mr. Misch is a member of the Odd-Fellow and Good Templar lodges of Milford.

Indiana, November 28, 1833. She was married to John Laird, March 27, 1851. In the spring of 1858 they removed to Iroquois county, and settled in the town of Milford, section 29. One hundred and sixty acres of this tract was given to Mr. Laird by his father, who had entered the land. Mr. Laird was one of three brothers, Elias, John and George, all of whom died within the same week of typhoid fever; John dying September 30, 1874. Mrs. Laird continues to reside at the homestead where her husband died.

George W. Haines, farmer, Milford, son of Havey H. and Jane Haines, was born in Stockland, Illinois, January 27, 1861. His mother was Jane Freeman. The father died in 1867, the mother in 1870. Mr. Haines is unmarried, and is living with his brother-in-law, James ~W. Haxton. Mr. Haxton was born in Connecticut, February 15, 1836, which state he left in 1855. In 1861 Mr. Haxton came to Milford township, and October 21, 1869, was married to Miss Mary Haines. He enlisted, July 28, 1862, in Co. E, 76th 111. Yol. Inf., and was discharged as sergeant August 6, 1865. He was wounded at Jackson, Mississippi, in 1864 ; served in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged up to the time of being wounded. Mr. Haxton's paternal grandfather served through the American revolution. He was educated in Connecticut, and is a Master Mason ; in politics a republican.

John Fanning, Jr., farmer and stock-dealer, Woodland, is the son of John Fanning, Sr., and Mary Fanning. He was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, September 18, 1850. He came to the town of Milford with his parents, but has been acting on his own account since he was sixteen years of age. At this early age he commenced dealing in cattle for himself, and has shown great aptitude for business, and has been generally successful in his operations. His education was obtained at the Milford public school, than which there is none better in this section of the state. He was married, December 28, 1876, to Miss Margaret A. Montgomery, and has a beautiful home on lot 6 in the northeast corner of section 4. Like his father, Mr. Fanning is a young man of great energy of character, and a successful business man. He is. an Odd-Fellow and a republican.

John D. Webs,ter, farmer, Milford, son of Robert and Mary Jane Webster, was born November 24, 1841, in Armagh county, Ireland. The family emigrated to the United States in 1842, landing at Quebec, and settling in Fairfield county, Ohio, where they remained about six years. They then removed to Montgomery county, Indiana, and in 1861 came to Milford, and settled upon the land now occupied by Robert Webster. Mr. Webster was married, April 5, 1876, to Miss Sarah E. Williamson. Mr. Webster had decided to prepare himself for a professional career, and to this end was studying and teaching ; but while diligently working to accomplish this cherished purpose, his brother, who was living with the parents, was drowned in Sugar creek. This sad event changed the entire current of his life. He was now the only son, and he yielded to the desire of his parents, and devoted himself to the farm. Mr. Webster, together with his father, has taken a prominent part in the movement for improving the breed of horses in this county, and is at present president of the Milford Live Stock Importing Co.

Mrs. Mary Hoover, Milford, daughter of William and Elizabeth Lovelace, was born in Pickaway county, Ohio, September 25, 1816. Mrs. Hoover comes of a patriotic family. Her father served in the war of 1812, and was surrendered at Detroit. Her grandparents were among the pioneers in Kentucky, and endured for a time a terrible captivity among the Indians. In 1836 she married Josiah B. Hoover, whose father was also surrendered at Detroit. J. B. Hoover was born in Ross county, Ohio, February 25, 1815. The family removed to Tippecanoe county, Indiana, in 1854, where they remained until 1861, when the parents with several of the children came to Milford to care for the family of a son, who had already enlisted. Mrs. Hoover is the mother of ten sons and six daughters. The husband, six sons and one son-in-law enlisted and served through the civil war ; the father, J. B. Hoover, in the 116th Ind. Yol. Of the sons, William H., Harvey, Ethan, and Michael served in the 51st 111. Yol. Harvey and Michael were afterward transferred to the marine service. George enlisted in Co. B, 17th Ind. Yol. Inf. John E. served in the 26th Ind. Yol. Michael was engaged in nearly all the severe battles in which his regiment participated. At Corinth, with ten others, he was captured and sent to Libby prison, where he remained four months, and was then exchanged. Ethan was severely wounded in the leg at Chickamauga, where he was made a prisoner. He was in Richmond prison seven months and ten days. He still suffers from the effects of that wound. It would be impossible to write the entire war record of this remarkable family. Few families have made a better record, or have contributed more to secure the results of the war. The father has filled the office of justice of the peace for seven years. Mrs. Hoover is still in vigorous health, though prematurely gray in consequence of the great trials of her life. She bravely sent her husband and sons to the war, and during their absence provided and cared for a numerous family of children and grandchildren. Not one of the family has ever received a dollar of pension money. The sons are now working at their various trades. * John Fanning, Sr., stock-dealer, Milford, was born in Fauquier county, Virginia, April 13, 1823. His parents were Joseph and Lucy Fanning. His father served in the war of 1812, was in active service, and died in Fairfield county, Ohio. Mr. Fanning came to Iowa in 1854, and after several changes of residence settled in Milford in 1861. He was married to Miss Mary Spitler in 1844, and after her death to Miss Charlotte Clark, November 28, 1876. He has led an active life, and been successful in, business. He is a republican ; a member of the Blue Lodge, and especially prides himself on the fact that he has been pathmaster. Everybody knows " Uncle John."

"Wingfield Cooper, retired farmer, Milford, was born in county Wicklow, Ireland, April 5, 1812. His parents belonged to that highly respectable class known as " gentlemen farmers." Mr. Cooper was educated at the school in his native place and at a boarding-school of considerable reputation at that time. After leaving school, his father's health being very infirm, young Cooper was entrusted with the entire control of his father's extensive estate. His father died in 1833. In the division of this estate the homestead, with considerable property, fell to him. In 1835 he married Miss Susanna Coates, and continued his farm business, until her failing health necessitated a permanent change. Under medical advice, in July, 1851, the family came to the United States ; destination, La Fayette, Indiana. Here they remained some time, farming rented land. Finally they removed to Milford in 1862, bought a farm of 80 acres, and lived here until his wife's death in 1869, when Mr. C. retired, leaving his children on the farm, and finally married Mrs. Eliza Thomas, with whom he is quietly living in Milford.

Gerrit Hix, farmer, Milford, son of William and Martha Hix, was born in Kentucky, May 1, 1821. The family removed to Parke county, Indiana, in 1839, where they lived about fifteen years, engaged in farming. The parents then came to Iroquois county, Illinois, where they died. Mr. Hix was married, June 2, 1841, to Miss Elizabeth Sellers. During his residence in Indiana Mr. Hix conducted a cabinet shop. In 1862 he removed to Milford township, where he was engaged in farming, and at one time bought and run a saw-mill. This mill was on land now owned by George Hix. Mr. Hix is proud of the fact that during all his wedded life he never had a family quarrel, nor ever struck a child, although they have raised a family of ten children. Mr. Hix has experienced all the hardships and changes incident to pioneer life, and has closely followed his own convictions in matters of politics and religion. His wife is a member of the M. E. church.

McConnell, served through the war of 1812, with the rank of colonel (as his son thinks), under Gen. Harrison. He saw active service, and was in the defense of Fort Meigs. Col. McConnell also served in the Black Hawk war. He also drilled and prepared the first company that went from his county to the late war. Col. McConnell's brother also served in the war of 1812, and was made a prisoner At Hull's surrender of Detroit. This brother was present when notice of the surrender was given to Gens. Cass and McArthur, and he relates that these officers broke their swords rather than give them up. Mr. James McConnell has in his possession a remarkable sword which his father wore, and which his father gave to him. It is of English manufacture, bears the royal coat of arms and the monogram of Richard III. Mr. McConnell's family left Ohio, in 1828, for Covington, Kentucky, where they resided several years ; from whence, after several changes, they came to Benton county, Indiana, where the father died in 1875. The mother's name was Elizabeth. In March, 1848, Mr. James McConnell was married to Miss Sarah Mcllvain, who died in 1861. He afterward married Miss Anna Brown in 1863. He came to Milford in February, 1862, and established a general store. The business has steadily increased, until the firm of Fairman & McConnell occupy one of the finest blocks in Iroquois county. Mr. McConnell built a grist-mill on section 5, which is still in operation. It is called the artesian mill, from the fact that three artesian wells supply a large portion of the motive power. Mr. McConnell has been always a democrat. He is a Master Mason, an Odd-Fellow and a member of the Christian church. An incident at Col. McConnell's death is worthy of mention. Ten children, the youngest of whom was forty years old, surrounded his deathbed. Mr. James McConnell is one of the prominent men of Iroquois county.

George Hix, drain-tile manufacturer, Milford, was born in Kentucky, November 25, 1825. His parents were William and Martha Hix. His grandfather's family, with one exception, were killed by Indians in the early days of Kentucky's history. Mr. Hix went to Pike county, Indiana, in 1843, where he learned the potter's trade. Becoming of age he bought and run a saw-mill until his removal to Iroquois county in 1863. Here he built a saw-mill, which he run for eight years. He then engaged in farming. The first tile-works were erected on Mr. Hix's land. These works are now actively operated by Mr. Hix's sons. November 1, 1849, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Cix. Mr. Hix has led an active life, and has always taken a lively interest in local affairs, filling various township offices usefully. For thirty-five years he has been identified with the temperance cause.

In politics he was formerly a democrat, but during later years his convictions have caused him to act with the greenback party. Mr. Hix is still in vigorous health. His business enterprises have been generally successful.

James Mayfield, farmer, Milford, was born October 10, 1828, near Nashville, Tennessee. His parents, James arid Maria, lived and died in Tennessee. Mr. Mayfield's first experience in life was as a cabinboy, and afterward first cook on steamboats running on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. He continued his river life for three years, when he came to Cincinnati, where he remained about six months. He then went to Union county, Indiana, to work on a farm. He remained in this county for many years, working by the month as a farm hand. He was married, September 1, 1858, to Miss Elizabeth Connell, who was born March 29, 1838. In October, 1863, he came to Milford and bought the east half of lot 5, in the northeast quarter of section 2. He soon after sold out, and bought a farm in Belmont. He again sold out and purchased lot 7, northeast quarter section 4, in Milford township. Again he sold, and removed to Milford village, where he resided several years, and served five years as police and township constable. March 20, 1879, he exchanged his village property for the farm on which he now resides. His children are William T., Sidney A., John A., George T., Daniel J., Sarah E. and James L. Mr. Mayfield is a very energetic man, a Master Mason, and in politics a republican.

Jasper Prutsman, brickrnaker, Milford, son of David and Maxy M. Prutsrnan, was born in Fountain county, Indiana, February 12, 1836. His father was from Virginia, his mother from Kentucky. His father served through the war of 1812, and was engaged in building blockhouses at Detroit. He died in 1837; was by trade a wagon-maker. In 1852 Jasper, with his mother and sister, came to Prairie Green township, where he entered 80 acres of land. Here he engaged' in farming; besides, in company with his brother, he purchased a breaking team, and for three years broke land for others. September 7, 1856, Mr. Prutsman was married to Lucinda Crow, daughter of David and Mary Crow, who was born August 1, 1833. In 1864 he removed to Milford township and became a timber-dealer. For the past five years he has been engaged in making brick, three quarters of a mile west of Milford. They have had eight .children : Alfred, born February 12, 1858 ; Mary M., born April 29, 1860 ; Smilinda E., born February 9, 1862; Orea, born March 8, 1864; Martha E., born April 26, 1865 ; Frank, born July 6, 1867 ; Arata, born April 11, 1870, and an infant. Smilinda died October 3, 1875. In politics Mr. Prutsman is a greenbacker. He is one of the substantial men of this township. The business is prosperous.

Dr. Ira Brown, physician, Milford, was born near Brockville, Canada West, May '6, 1832. His parents, James and Lydia Brown, removed from Hartford county, Connecticut, to Canada in 1794. The British authorities endeavored to compel his father to serve against the United States in the war of 1812, but he escaped into Massachusetts, where he remained during the war. He then returned to Canada, and died there. He never took the oath of allegiance to the British government. Dr. Brown's grandfather served seven years in the war of the revolution, and afterward assisted in making the government survey of Ohio. Ira Brown came to .Jefferson county, ]S"ew York, in 1850. He had already acquired the miller's art, and for eighteen months attended school, working in a mill nights and mornings, in this manner obtaining means to pay his expenses. He afterward was engaged as clerk in a dry-goods house for some time. In the spring of 1854 he came to Brantford, Canada, where he commenced the study of medicine. In 1856 he went to Ann Arbor, Michigan, and there prosecuted his studies, graduating March, 1858. He then came west, and after traveling through Missouri, finally located in Boone county, Illinois, and began the practice of medicine. He continued in practice here until January 1, 1862, when he entered the 65th reg. 111. Vol. as assistant surgeon ; he was appointed surgeon October, 1864. This regiment was captured at Harper's Ferry at Mile's surrender. Dr. Brown was left at Martinsburg, Virginia, in charge of sick soldiers twenty-one days, and afterward allowed to depart without parole. He next found himself assigned to duty at Fort McHenry, and in 'April, 1863, appointed post-surgeon at Camp Douglass. In December, 18£3, he was ordered to join his regiment near Knoxville, Tennessee, and remained with it through the Atlanta campaign ; was in the battles of Columbia, Franklin and Nashville, and finally mustered out with the regiment May, 1865. Dr. Brown then came to Milford, and soon found himself established in an extensive practice. He was married to Mrs. Nellie Best, October 30, 1873. Dr. Brown has always been actively identified in developing and promoting the business interests of this section. In 1878, he established his extensive tile and brick yard, of which a more extended notice occurs in the history of Milford.

Elam H. Patterson, school teacher, Milford, son of Amos and Esther Patterson, was born in Grant county, Indiana, October 28, 1857. His father combined the business of merchant and farmer. He enlisted in Co. H, 118th Ind. Vol. Inf., August 12, 1863. This regiment did good service at Blue Springs, Clinch River, and at Taswell. At one time their daily rations per man for nine days were one half ear of corn and a cubic inch of meat. He was discharged March 3, 1864. One of his brothers was in thirty-five battles, and came out without a serious wound. Elam H. Patterson was educated at the Sheldon High School and at Onarga Institute. He has been engaged in teaching since sixteen years of age. He was for one year principal of Sheldon High School.

James Woodworth, postmaster, Milford, son of John and Phoabe Woodworth, was born in Ohio, September 12, 1844. The mother died in 1861. In 1844 the family removed to La Grange county, Indiana, afterward going to Noble county, where the father still resides. James attended school, and two years of the time were passed at Kalamazoo, Michigan. In 1861 he enlisted in the 4th Mich. Cav., but being under age was rejected. In October, 1861, he was enrolled in the 1st Michigan Engineers and Mechanics, where he remained three years. While in this regiment he participated in the battle of Lavergne, Tennessee. This regiment consisted of 391 officers and men, commanded by Col. Inness. This regiment was posted at Lavergne, midway between Nashville and Murfreesboro, to protect communications. It was here their position was attacked by Wheeler's rebel cavalry, consisting of 3,000 men and two pieces of artillery. After successfully resisting seven distinct charges of the enemy, the rebels finally withdrew. The regiment received the highest praise from Gen. Rosencrans for gallant conduct on this occasion. After his discharge Mr. Woodworth engaged as engineer to Platt J. Wise, of Fort Wayne, where he~continued two years, at the same time continuing his studies. The next two years were spent as clerk in two grocery houses in the same city. He then came to Ash Grove, Illinois, where he was engaged in teaching school during the winters of 1869 and 1870. On May 17, 1870, Mr. Woodworth commenced business in old Milford, selling goods on his own account. While here the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes (now known as the Chicago & Eastern Illinois) railroad was in course of construction, and was completed to Milford, June 24, 1871. On May 10, 1872, Mr. Woodworth opened the first stock of goods in the new town, and continued here until 1877. Mr. Woodworth has held for several years the office of police magistrate and notary public, and is at present postmaster, which office he has held since October, 1872. At that time the business of the office amounted to but $150 per year. It now amounts to about $25,000 per year. Mr. Woodworth was married, December 11, 1871, to Miss Martha J. Lane. He is a Master Mason and a Good Templar. Although still a young man, Mr. Woodworth's life is an example of what can be accomplished by energy and determination.

New London, Connecticut, June 25, 1842. He was educated in the public schools of his native state. In 1861 Mr. Sheridan enlisted in the 1st reg. Conn. Heavy Artillery. He was soon detailed as orderly on Gen. R. O. Tyler's staff, where he remained for three years, arid during this time was frequently sent with important orders, requiring skill and courage to execute, as well as incurring great danger. Mr. Sheridan participated in the battles of Second Bull Run, and on the Chickahominy and James rivers. He was also at Antietam and Gettysburg, and through the "Wilderness. He also served as general superintendent of land transportation. He was mustered out in 1864, and for two years after was government inspector and auctioneer. During this time a vast amount of government property passed through his hands, and he has many testimonials of his ability and fidelity in the discharge of duty. During the battle of Gettysburg, he succeeded in securing Gen. Tyler's saddle and accouterments, after his horse had fallen, carrying them a long distance under the enemy's heavy fire ; for his daring he was highly complimented by Gen. Tyler. In 1866 Mr. Sheridan came to Rockford, Illinois, where he engaged in the auction and commission business, afterward removing to Milford in 1871, where he continues to reside. In October, 1867, Mr. Sheridan was married to Miss Minnie Mosley, who died in March, 1873. In November, 1874, he married Miss Carrie Mason. He is a Master Mason; in politics a republican.

Philip Holloway, farmer, Milford, was born in Union county, Ohio, January 14, 1825. His parents were Elijah and Elizabeth Holloway. The father was a wheelwright, and worked at his trade during his life. The family moved to Tippecanoe county, Indiana, in 1839. The son worked with the father. April 5, 1849, he was married to Miss Sally Dawson, and in 1854, with her, removed to Iroquois county, and settled in the town of Stockland, where, with nothing but his brain and muscle, he commenced to open a farm. In this calling he continued to prosper, and cultivated his farm until the year 1862, when he enlisted in Co. E, 76th 111. Yol. for three years. At the battle of Jackson, Mississippi, July 7, 1864, he was severely wounded, being shot through the leg. He remained in hospital for fifty-two days, when he was sent home on a furlough. Here he remained until his regiment returned to Chicago, when he was discharged. Mr. Halloway has witnessed the great changes which have occurred within the last twentyfive years. He continued on his farm until 1873, when he came to Milford. His wife died July 5, 1874. He is now in receipt of a pension. His father died in 1862; his mother in 1827. August 20, 1876, he was married to Miss Levina Hix. He is a republican.

George H. Barber, farmer, Milford, son of David C. and Louisa S. Barber, was born in Charlemont, Massachusetts, February 21, 1851. His father was born in Massachusetts, September, 1820. His mother was from Vermont, born August 28, 1820. Jn 1856 the family removed to La Fayette, Indiana, and carried on a farm for four years. In 1860 they came to Iroquois county and settled in Beaver township. In 1875 they again removed, going to Missouri, where the parents still reside. Here, February 22, 1872, George H. was married to Miss Margaret Logan. He then returned to Iroquois county in 1874, and is now conducting the Strain farm on section 19, Milford township. Mr. Barber has received a good common-school education, and for five years was clerk in a general store in Missouri. Two of his brothers served three years during the civil war. Charles was in the 63d Ind. Yol., and D. C. was in the 76th 111. Yol. Mr. Barber is an energetic and thriving farmer. He has kept out of debt, and therefore never has had occasion to complain of hard times.

James P. Button, dealer in general merchandise, Milford, the son of James P. and Sarah E. Button, was born in Fountain county, Indiana, December 9, 1849. The family moved to Ford county, Illinois, 1853. The father was a farmer, and has filled many offices. He "was treasurer of Ford county two years. A township in that county bears his name. He died March 14, 1863. The younger James P. came to Milford in 1875, and entered the mercantile business. He was married to Miss Sarah E. Lane, May 18, 1875. His brother, W. J. Button, became a partner in the business March 1, 1879. Their business is rapidly increasing.

Andrew J. Shorey, grocer, Milford, was born in Penobscot county, Maine, September 15, 1829, and received a common-school education. His parents were Nathaniel and Elizabeth Shorey. Mr. Shorey was engaged in business at an early age, being in the lumber trade until 1853, when he went to California, where he remained five years ; ha afterward extensively engaged in manufacturing lumber in Wisconsin,, which he sent down the Mississippi. He removed to Milford in 1875,. and started again in the lumber trade ; sold out, and established his. present successful business. Mr. Shorey was married October, 1862, to Miss Susan Woodworth. He is a republican in politics, and was president of the town council one year.

John F. Fairman, merchant and grain-dealer, Milford, the son of Henry and Mary Fairman, was born in Tioga county, Pennsylvania, April 3, 1829. When he was three years of age his parents removed to La Fayette, Indiana, and in 1845 came to Illinois, and settled in Will (now Kankakee) county, where Kankakee city now stands. The conn- try was wild and covered with timber. The family sought shelter in an old log cabin, which was repaired and made to answer the purpose of a home. Young Fairman's health was frail, yet he assisted somewhat in this labor. Mr. Fairman describes, in a graphic manner, his exultation on killing his first deer. His health becoming established, he struck out for himself, and proceeding to the "Wabash, procured a job of making rails at 50 cents per hundred. He afterward worked on a farm at $8 per month. Returning to his parents, he still continued at farming. "When about eighteen years of age he spent the winter in chopping, and occasionally hunting and trapping, and succeeded in procuring a large quantity of venison and peltries, which he hauled to Chicago and sold at good profit. Having accumulated considerable money, in 1859 Mr. Fairman came to "Watseka and erected the first elevator and business house ever built in that town. He continued in business there for five years, buying and shipping grain and selling goods and agricultural implements. His business was very successful. In 1865 he went to Logansport, and, with a partner, bought 400 acres of timber. They erected a saw-mill and commenced selling lumber. These operations were suddenly checked by the loss of the mill and 100,000 feet of walnut lumber by fire. The energy of the man is displayed in the fact that in ten days the mill was entirely restored and in full operation. Mr. Fairman retired from this business with a handsome addition to his capital. He has always been a very active man, finding his highest pleasure in the activities of business. He has also traveled extensively, and has been keenly observant of men and things. In 1876 Mr. Fairman entered into partnership with James A. McConnell, in a general merchandise business and dealing in grain, at Milford. They are doing an extensive business. Mr. Fairman was married, in 1852, to Miss Mary E. Parks. He is a republican, and a strong temperance man.

Andrew J. Miller, dealer in general merchandise, Milford, was born in Germany, October 23, 1845. He came with his parents to Champaign county, Ohio, in 1854, and worked on the farm until July 4, 1862, when he enlisted in the 45th Ohio Vol. Inf. At this time he was but sixteen years of age. He served three years and participated in all the battles the regiment was engaged in. Some of them are as follows : the Morgan raid through Ohio and Indiana ; siege of Knoxville ; battles of Resaca and Kenesaw Mountain ; and through the Atlanta campaign, and battle of Frankford, 1864. At the close of the war Mr. Miller came to Ford county, Illinois, where he was extensively engaged in farming, and cultivated a section of land near Paxton, Illinois. January 28, 1868, Mr. Miller was married to Mary J. Bently ; they have four children now living : two boys, Louis and Charlie, and two girls, Minnie and Nora. The eldest child is ten, and the youngest three years old. During the eleven years Mr. Miller was engaged in farming, he accumulated a large amount of property. He raised large numbers of cattle and hogs. His farming operations were very successful. In . 1876 he sold his farm and stock, and engaged in mercantile pursuits at Miller's Station, on the Lafayette, Bloomington & Muncie railroad. This station was named after his brother. His store, with all its contents, was destroyed by fire August 1, 1876. At the time of the fire his family were living over the store. A hired boy was burned to death, and one of his children was so badly burned that it died next day. The remainder of the family barely escaped. Mr. Miller then removed to Donovan, Illinois, where, in the fall of 1876, he again embarked in merchandising and opened with a large stock of goods. But the fire-fiend seemed to follow him. March 7, 1877, five buildings with their contents were burned - Mr. Miller's among them. Not discouraged by these severe losses, he, in September, 1878, removed to Milford, Illinois, and bought Jacob "Wittenmeyer's stock of goods, together with the brick building, and again commenced business. Mr. Miller is an active, enterprising business man. In August, 1879, in connection with James Woodworth, he erected the large double brick block, known as " Woodworth and Millers New Block." Mr. Miller is carrying on a large business at the present time.

John Bentson, wagon and cabinet-maker, Milford, was born in Sweden, September 26, 1838, where his parents still reside. On his arrival in this country he first came to St. Louis, Missouri, and finally established himself in Chicago, where he lived seven years. He was married, February 20, 1875, to Miss Matilda Johnson. Mr. Bentson has experienced many changes in life. The parents met a great grief in the loss of a son, Johnnie T., who died June 27, 1877. They have one son living. Mr. Bentson removed to Milford in the fall of 1878, and is now established in a prosperous business.

Edward L'Hote, editor of "Milford Herald," Milford, was born on the island of Gaudaloupe, March 3, 1819, of French parentage. Previous to leaving France his father served through several of Napoleon's campaigns, terminating his military career at the battle of Waterloo as a soldier of the " Old Guard " under Marshal Ney. In recognition of honorable service he was decorated with the cross of the Legion of Honor. Parents and son left Gaudaloupe in 1824, came to the United States in 1826, and settled in New Orleans in 1827. There his parents died. The son attended school until 1839, when he entered a printing office, and followed this business as apprentice and journeyman till 1851, having in the mean time removed to Marshall, Clark county, Illinois, in 1849. He here engaged in mercantile pursuits for a short time. He afterward published the "Hornet," a campaign paper, and on Mr. Lincoln's accession to the presidency was appointed postmaster. Mr. L'Hote also held the position of deputy circuit clerk for three years, and is a notary public. In June, 1878, Mr. L'Hote removed to Milford, and purchased the " Herald " of J. R. Fox, Esq., which paper he has since continued to publish, advocating the principles of the greenback party. The only break in his life as a printer occurred in 1846, when he enlisted in the six-months Louisiana troops, called out by Gen. Taylor, served out his time, and was honorably discharged. He was married November 29, 1849, to Miss Charlotte Whaley. He is a Mark Master Mason and Good Templar.

Alba M. and Edgar A. Jones, dealers in hardware, stoves, lumber and coal, Milford, are twin sons of John and Anna Jones. They were born in Stockland, Iroquois county, Illinois, in 1857. The brothers have never separated ' from each other, always attending the same schools, and joining in the same pastimes. They were educated in the schools of their native town and at Valparaiso, Indiana. Together they commenced business March 1, 1879. They have quite recently established a lumber and coal-yard, and already have a profitable trade. Under the firm name of Jones Brothers they are already widely and favorably known. They are rapidly taking the lead in their special lines of business.

Charlie E. Smith, saddles and harness, Milford, was born in Warren county, Ohio, May 6, 1855. His parents are Thomas and Hope Smith. His grandfather served through the war of 1812. In 1859 the family moved to Thornton, Indiana, and thence to Vermilion county, Illinois, in 1877, where the parents still reside. Mr. Smith came to Milford in July, 1879, where he has succeeded in establishing himself in a thriving business. He was married, February 2, 1879, to Miss Rosa Haas. He is a republican, an Odd-Fellow, and a member of the Methodist church.

Daniel G. Lee, dealer in general merchandise, Milford, the son of Benjamin G. and Polly M. Lee, was born in Griffin's Corners, New York, October 2, 1854. The father dealt in grain and merchandise. In 1857 the family came to Minnesota and conducted a farm. In 1862 Benjamin G. Lee was appointed a provost-marshal, and materially assisted in suppressing the Indian outbreak in that state. The town of Hutchinson, where the family lived, was once attacked by 200 Indians. Many settlers were killed before reaching the stockade, but Mr. Lee's family escaped. Their house, barns, crops, etc., were entirely destroyed. The family came to Kankakee in 1866, where they still reside. Daniel G. Lee came to Milford in May, 1879, and at once engaged in mercantile business. He was married to Miss Alice Merrick at Kankakee, January 1, 1874.