Osceola Township

Osceola Township

. Januaiy 22nd, ISoO, ])etition for the sale of the 16th section, townslii]) 14-7, i)resented to S. O. AVright, school commissioner. Petition signed liy forty legal voters. Fifty white male inlialjitants in the township.

The first election of school trustees in township 14-7 was held at the house of .John Shawls, May 17th, 1S45. Fourteen votes were cast. Liberty Stone, Isaac W. Searle and Zebulon Avery were elected school trustees.

Toi'Lon

At tlie I)eceml)er term, 1843, of the county commissioner's court, .John Henderson, E. Gill and Oren Maxfield were appointed trustees of school lands in township 13-6.

To James B. Lewis, school commissioner. Stark county, Illinois : - Sir : - The number of scholars under the age of twenty years in township 13 N. range 6 E. in said county is two hundred. There are two school houses in said township built at the public expense. The amount voted to be raised in said township is two hundred and fifty dollars, for the year 1847.

September 15th, 1851, the school lands of Toulon township were advertised for sale by S. G. Wright, school commissioner. James Holgate was school commissioner of Stark county in

N. F. Atkins was elected in 18G1, and in the latter part of 1864 or the beginning of 1805, Rev. John W. Agard was appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the death of N. F. Atkins.

In 1841 three townships reported to the school commissioner. Essex reported 239 persons under twenty-one years of age ; Goshen 230, and Elmira 148 ; making a total in the county in

In 1843, four townships reported. Elmira reported 174 persons under twenty-one years of age; Goshen, 255; Toulon, 141; Essex, 230 ; making a total in the county in 1843 of 800.

Source changes here: from Documents and Biography Pertaining to the Settlement and Progress of Stark County, Illinois : Containing an Authentic Summary of Records, Documents, Historical Works and Newspapers Relating to Indian History, Original Settlement, Organization and Politics ..., by Leeson, M. A. (Michael A.), published 1887; 12,207 words in this source stream.

Osceola Township

111. Mr. Wrig-bt came with his parents to Canton, ill., in 1832, and resided there until 1851, when the family moved to Goshen Township, and settled on the farm which he purchased, being the northeast quarter, section 13. This ]n'opertv is still in the family, and rented to Jackson Anderson and William Marshall, both Scotchmen. At the time of his eidistment he was deacon, trustee and Sunday-school superintendent of the ConoTeo-ational church at Toulon. For vears he w^as station agent on the underground railroad near Canton, and one of the trustiest conductors on the road ; the locomotive - a roan pony, was called " Old Mog,"' afterwards owned by Ow^en Lovejoy.

Gad. L. Yale^ born in Connecticut in 1810, settled at Lafayette in 1840. He lost his first wife prior to settlement here, but in 1839, married Mar}^ M. Wilsey, of Henry county. In 1865 he received a sunstroke, and in 1877 was stricken with palsy, from which he suffered up to his death in April 1882.

Chapter Xx

HIS township, like the village of the same name in Elmira Township, owes its name to the fact that, during tlie Seminole war, a number of persons settled in the neighborhood, who admired the desperate valor of the half-breed chief of that tribe. This war beo-an in 1835 and lasted seven vears, thouoh the last four vears of the struo-o-le did not reflect as much credit on the Indians as the first three, when they were led by the brilliant Osceola. His father was Willis Powell, and his mother a Creek Indian woman. Osceola was born in Georgia, but his mother removed to Florida, where he became the leader of the Seminoles. He opposed their removal, and led them in many desperate encounters, until he was captured and imprisoned at Fort Moultrie, where he died in 1838, a year prior to the organization of this county, and only a few years after the first settlement was made in this townshi]!.

The population of the township in 1880, was 1,519, including 506 credited to Bradford, and lOl- to Lombardville. The fact that, during the year 188(i, 3»»0 acres of wheat produced 9,000 bushels, oats averaged 55 bushels, some acres ^Melding 100 bushels, and corn averaged about 28 bushels, is the best index to its agricultural wealth.

Throughout the townshi]) there is a heavy coal deposit, baidvs and shafts which have been worked for a number of years. In 1861 John McLoughlin worked the Foster coal bank, two and a half miles west of Bradford, and sold in the neighborhood at that time. Here his other mines in the neighborhood of Spoon river, and the Lombardville shafts are the principal centers of the coal supply here. In 1862 a gas well was tapped on A. J. Xevitt's farm, four miles east of Bradford. In 1883, in the same neigh liorhood. gas and oil wells were tapped. Gas was found in Milo township and a com]:)any was organized in Marshall county to work the wells, but did not find oil or gas in paying quantities.

Sc/iools. - The first election of school trustees for Osceola township was held June 3, 1846. Liberty Stone, I. W. Searl and Zebulon Avery were elected, the first-named receiving- fourteen votes and each of the others thirteen votes. The election was ordered on a petition presented to the trnstees of scIkjoI lands. On the same clay the township was divided into school districts, No. 1 comprising the north half of the township district No. 2, commencing at north-west corner of section IS), thence to the center of the township, thence south to south-east corner of section 21 ; thence west to the south-east of section 20 ; thence south to the south-east of section 29 : thence west to the south-west corner of section 30 ; thence north to place of l)eginning. District Xo. 3 comprised the remainder of the township. In .lanuarv, 1850. Messrs. Stone, Searl and Henry Seeh^ were elected trustees. In April, Kiley Chamberlain was appointed treasurer. In 1851 there were 228 persons under twenty-one years of age. In 1853 there were 43 scholars in district 1 ; 48 in district 2 ; 95 in district Xo. 3. and 25 in the new district Xo. 4, giving- a total of 211. This district was set off April 25, 1851. On January IT, '52, J. E. Jones, Joshua Gillfillan, now of Kewanee, and Henry Seely were elected trustees, and I. W. Searl was chosen treasurer. The name of ]S[organ We ver appears on the record as selling coal to district Xo. 1. Mr. A. J. Sturm states that this Wever had a coal-bank in Elmira township at this time. District Xo. 5 was organized out of district Xo. 1, July 30, '53. In March, "54, Otis Gardner, Peter Sturm, now of C/ambridge, 111., and Alfred Freeman were elected trustees. In '56 A. M. Smith and J. E. Jones took the places of Messrs. Sturm and Freeman, I. AV. Searl being continued as treasurer. The number of pupils enrolled was 320. In '58 John Snethen was elected trustee, vice J. E. Jones, deceased, and district Xo. 6 was estal)lished. In '59, district Xo. 7 was set off, and John Lackie, John Snethen and A. M. Smith were elected trustees. In '03 the name of John Winslow appears as trustee, with Smith and Lackie. William Moore, C. Wilson and A. Foster were elected trustees in '65," Mr. Searl still serving as treasurer. Tliis board was continued until October, '68. when A. B. Abbott and E. P. Wright Avere elected, with Charles Wilson holding over. In '70, Philip Munson was elected ; in '71. Charles Foster served on the board: in '72, W. W. Winslow was elected trustee, and in '73, he, with E. P. Wright and Charles Foster formed the board. In '75, Isaac Sturm, W. P. Dator, and E. P. Wright formed the board. W. W. AVinslow was elected in '77, and in '78, he with E. P. Wright and C. B. Foster were elected. Israel Seely was chosen trustee in '80, but declining to serve, Charles Weir was elected. I. W. Searl served as treasurer and clerk up to A])ril, '80, when John Hall, ,Tr., was appointed. In '82. the names of John II. Draw\'er and Henry W. Brewer appear as trustees. In April of this year a motion was made to appoint II. J. Baldwin treasurer. This motion was carried in May, '82. In April, '83, tlie names of AV. C. Deckei", J. H. Drawyer and John Hall, Jr., appear as trustees, with II. J. Baldwin, clerk ; all holding office at the close of '86.

The records of district Xo. 1 show the following names of teachers since '77 : Josephine Dyer, Judson House, Hattie Abljott, Brooks W. Crum. ]\(iss E. Gardner, Miss A. E. Xichols, Paul Xewton, Etta Gharret, Wilna Snare, Emma Prosser, James B. Brown, Elmer Briggs, Lewis A. Miller. In '86 there were 309 males and 291 females under twenty-one years, one graded and eight ungraded schools, attended bv 356 pupils, and presided over by four male and twelve female teachers - the former earning $1,309 and the latter |2,409, The total receipts were $6,74-l-. 68, total expenditure $4,786 ; district tax, $5,004. H. J. Baldwin served as treasurer and clerk.

Bradford Village

The town of Bradford from South street north to the alle}^ north of Main street, and from Elm street to Peoria street, with the public square, market square, private grounds and nurseiy, and containing thirty seven lots, was surveyed by S. F. Otman for Bradford S. Foster, April 27, 1854. The location lying north of the center of Main street is on the east half of south-east quarter of section twenty-three, and south of the center of Main street on the east half of the north-east quarter of section twenty-six. The streets were 100 links wide, and the principal lots Hx 3 chains, Foster's addition to Bradford is the only one on record. The first purchasers of lots at Bradford were Benjamin Thompson, '56; B. S. Foster, '58; Chas. A. McAllister, J. C. Dickerson, S. A. Young, '62; J. G. Lampher, '56 ; Mary J. Eussell, '62; Thos. A. Foster, '63; A. B. Spinney, '57; Benedict Keller, '58 ; John Winslow, '55.

The actual era of settlement may be credited to 1866-70, when almost all the men to whom the progress of the village is due, came here and built their homes. The public square was vacated by the citizens September 22. 1869. November 17, 1870, a lot was deeded to the Universalist society; in June, 1882, the deed or will by John Houghton to the Methodist society was made; in November, 1869, the lots were deeded to the D., P. & 11. Eailroad Company ; in December, 1876, the Blaisdell lots were deeded to the village; in March, 1884, Timothy Owens' deed to Bishop Spaulding of lots for the Catholic church was signed.

and C. D. Marsh, flour dealers; William Leet, Exchange bank; C. W. & H. Phenix, bankers; W. P. Dator, John Flood, Pilgrim & Washburn, lieed & Scholes, B. F. Rockhold, grocers and general traders ;

Bradford commercial circle in 1874 was represented by the following meml)ers: C. W. Phenix, D. G. Plummer tfe Son, Patt Bros., Foster, Pilgrim, White & Hopkins, Miss Bruce, Miss Alford, and Mrs. Robinson, milliners; White, druggist; Brad & Bush, lawyers; Drs. Davison, Hall, Kibbie, SoUis, and Corbett; Young, the barber; Greene, Holman, Wilson, Morse, and Jimmy Saunders.

Bradford School. - School district No. 4, or Bradford, was established in 1851, as shown in the township history. The first record in possession of Mordecai Bevier, Avho has served as clerk since ISTovember, 1S80, is dated August 5, 18P>1. At that time B. F. Thompson was elected director and clerk. A. E. Perky was also a director in this year ; also J. B. Russell in 18(52, with the latter as clerk. In 1863 Methuselah Bevier was elected. In 1804 James B. Doyle was chosen a director; in 1805 Charles B. Moon, in 1800 Alonzo B. Al)bott and

H. Candee as assistant) in 1878; Mordecai Bevier in 1879 ; Harmon Wilcox in 1880 (A. B. Abbott was principal, with Miss S. A. Little as assistant); W. B. Foster and Frank J. Leggett in 1881 (J. H. Boggess was principal); M. Bevier in 1882; H. P. Hopkins in 1853; John Ilockhold and F. J. Leggett in 1884; M. Bevier and liobert Hay in 1885 ; Howard Mahan in 1880. The teachers at present are F. C. "Wilson, principal ; Alice Keller and Sarah A. Little. In this district there are 120 male and 127 female pnpils.

Organic and Official. - The act incorporating the town of Bradford was apj)roved March 27, 1809, sealed by Edward Rummel, secretary of state, August 13, that year; and the first election ordered to be held in April. On November 4, 1873, the question of organizing under the general law of 1872 was voted upon. The affirmative vote was fortyeight and the negative vote nothing. In January, 1870, an ordinance was passed charging $300 license for each of the two saloons. At this time the sidewalks were built.

Secret Societies. - Bmdford Lodge, 514, A. F. & A. M. The First Stated Communication of U. D. A. F. & A. Masons, met at Bradford, August 10, 1800. The officers were : James B. Doyle, W. M.; S. A. Davison, secretary ; B. F. Thompson, S. W.; William H. Doyle, S. D.; H. Phenix, J. W.; Charles B. Foster, J. D.; George W. Longmire, treas-

History Of Stark Cotjnty

The I. O. G. T. Lodge, organized at Bradford in 1886, elected the following officers in March of that year : E. S. Root, W. C. T,; Mrs. R. Thompson, Y. T.; J. E. Wasson, chaplain; Miss Annie Foster, secretary ; Mrs. E. S. Root, F, S.; A. M. Ringland, treasurer ; Miss Ada Eckman, D. M.; Miss Marv Winters, I. G,; George Hay, O. G.; Miss Russell, R. H. S.; May Foker, L. H. S.; D. Y. Redding, P. W. C. T.; and Robert Thompson, L. D.

Dickinson Post, G. A. R., No. 90, claims the following past commanders : Mordecai Bevier, James M. Morris, Edmund Ewing, 1886. This post was organized February 9, 1881. Following is the present roster taken from Adjutant Harvev's records of the post :

Clmrclies. - The first Universalist society of Bradford was organized November 16, 1867, witli Francis and Nancy Davis, Hannah Scribner, Bradford S. Foster, William M. and Mary E. Pilgrim, Annie Y. Davis,

B. Doyle, B. F. Thompson, Mrs. S. M. Barnes, and Mary S. Cm-tiss. The trustees were B. F. Thompson, J. O. H. Spinney, and Williard B. Foster. The act of incorporation was acknowledged before Isaac W. Searle, J. P. In 1871-74, Mord. Bevier and wife, N. W., B. J. and

C. B. Foster, and Morris and Elizabeth Fowler joined the societ3\ Alonzo B. Abbott was chosen first clerk and treasurer. Shortly after, the societv purchased the old schoolhouse, which then stood one hundred feet north on the common, and moved it to its present site on a lot donated by B. S. Foster. In 1871, the ladies held a fair and festival, which realized a larg-e sum of money. From 1854 to 1880, Eev. Alvin Abbott was preacher to all Protestant denominations around Bradford. In 1874, Uev. T. II. Tabor came to relieve Mr. Abbott, and remained two years. Prior to this time, Rev. Alfred Barnes preached here. In 1875^ Mrs. Mary E. Moody was secretary, and in 1876, Mary E. PiloTim was secretary and treasurer. In 1874, Silas Moodv, Melvin Gage, and Mord. I3evier were elected trustees, who are in fact now trustees.

The sewing circle, comprising the ladies of the society and others, raised over i^l,000 for church purposes, Mrs. Alvin Abbott and Mrs. Alfred Foster being the leading workers. The death or removal of members resulted in the fall of this useful part of the church. For

The membershi]) is fifty-five ; value of property, $4,700 ; Sunday school scholars, ninety-eight; volumes in library, 118. In 1875-76, the present house of worship was erected at a cost of $3,500. In 1886, the building was extensively repaired, and re-opened August 22d by Rev. G. W. Gue, of Peoria.

The Bajjtist church dates its organization to December 12, 186D, when the adjourned meeting, referred to in the sketch of the Congregational church, was held at Bradford. Elder Stickne}^ ju-esented the following articles of association : '- We, the undersigned, do mutually agree to form ourselves into a Ba})tist conference, for the purpose of maintaining the worship of God Avith a view of being organized into a regular Baptist church, as soon as pi'ovidential circumstances shall seem to justify its existence. J. M. Stickney, Andrew Britton, Eunice Britton, Annie Prout, Christianna Ulshoeflfer, William F, Patt, Mrs. Madge J. Patt, Sarah Hatch, John R. Hatch, Hannah S. Fulkerson, John M. Jacques, C. M. Jacques, Mary Winslow, and John Winslow. William F. Patt was chosen clerk of the conference. On January 23, 1870, Elder Stickney held the first services here. On May 1, 1870^, the conference members organized the ''First Regular Baptist Church of Bradford." The members, who were united immediatel}' after organization, were A. Blake, who died in 1875; Sister H. Wilcox, now^ at Adele, la.; Washington Fulkerson and daughter Eunice; Olive A. Richards and Mrs. Blake. J. Winslow and A. Britton were elected deacons on May 1, 1870. The council to recognize the organization was held on May 4th. On May 28th, Elder Stickney retired, and Rev. F. B. Ives preached occasionally. On May 29th, $1,250 were pledged toward buildino- a church, which sum was increased to $2,200 by June 8th.

On June 8 the trustees, John Winslow, W. F. Patt and John M. Jaques were chosen a building committee ; meantime meetings were hekl in Doyle's Hall. On December 10, Rev. G. D. Kent was called as iirst regular pastor, and came in February, ISTl. In April tlie church was connected with the Ottawa Baptist Association with Messrs. AVinslow, Britton and Kent, delegates. On July 21, 1871, a contract for Iniilding the church was sold to Andrew Leslie for $2,725, to be completed in October, that year. On December 24 the first services were held, $1,700 being still due at that date. The delay in completing the edifice was due in part to the fact that the sashes were sent to Chicago to have colored glass put m and were destroyed in the great fire of October 9. In Januar}", 1872, an annual grant of $150 was offered by the H. M. S. Charles Brown, John Winslow and "W". F. Patt were elected trustees. Rev. Mr. Kent resigned in Jul\% 1872 and as the Baptists formerly worshiped in the same hall with the Congregationalists, the latter now asked leave to worship in the former's new church. The jnilpit was suj^plied variously, among the preachers being the Rev. Mr. Ilazen. Dr. Thomas SoUis was elected clerk in January, 1875. Rev. S. Fulton, the second regular preacher was ordained here at this time. In 1877 Messrs. Britton, Fulkerson and Patt were elected trustees. In May, 1877, Rev. Fulton resigned and the pulpit was sup])lied variously until ISTovember, 1877, when Rev. AV. K. Dennis preached. He was ordained ])astor here May 8, 1878. In 1878 August Thompson, with Messrs. Patt and Britton, were trustees. In November, 1878, Mr. Dennis closed his labors here and Rev. Borden was calletl in December. In 1880 August S. Thompson was chosen clerk. In January of that year Deacon Britton donated $303.20, a debt due by the church, to the church. From April until June, 1880, Rev. James Goodman preached here, and in the latter month was called as pastor. At this time the clmrcli received its first repairs under the direction of Dr. Boardman and A. S. Thompson. These re[)airs were supplemented in 188(') by others at a cost of $500. In April, 1881, Rev. Goodman resigned, when Rev. Borden was chosen pastor. In 1883 A. S. Thompson and W. Fulkei'son were elected trustees. Mr. I>orden resigned in March, 1883. Rev. E. L. Moore was supplying for a few months until Xovember, when a call was extended to Rev. II. F. Gilbert, which was accepted. In February, 1884, Dr. J. G. Boardman was elected clerk, and served from that time to the present. Edmund Ewing was elected trustee in October, 1885. James L. Matthews was called in November, 1884, and accepting, has served down to the })resent time as ])astoi". The necrology of the society is as follows: Sarah Hatch, April, 1874; Mary W'inslow, September, 1873 ; A.Blake, August, 1875; Mary J. Morse, January, 1877; Mary Blake, March, 1885; Anna Francis, August, 1881 ; Dr. Thomas Solis, winter of 1885-86 ; Mrs. Anne Brown, September, 1881; Mrs. Jennie Morse, August, 1884; Mrs. Mary Hull, October, 1883 ; Andrew Walker, December 1, 1883, aged eighty-three;

Mrs. Carrie Nelligan, August, 1886. The membership at present is sixtj-six ; vakie of ]iroperty, $5,500. W. F. Patt, Dr. Boardman and A. S. Thompson, the present superintendent, have had charge of the Sunday-scliool. The class numbers 120. Another class of the Free Will Baptists was founded at Seeley's Point, where they built a church. This class included the Whittens, Geers, Mrs. Abram Phenix, Mrs. Avery, Mrs. Risedoi'ph, Peter Tiise(lorph and his brother. The church buihling was moved to Boyd's drove by the Campbellite society, who purchased it from the Baptists. The Osceola Sunday-school Convention was organized in JSTovember, 1869, with Mr. Lowman, president, and Dr. W. F. Hall, secretary.

The Comjreyatlonal CJmi'cJt dates back to November 28, 1869. Elder J. M. Stickney had an appointment to preach at Bradford, but owing to a Congregationahst preacher's appointment of same date. Baptist services were adjourned, leaving the Congregational members to organize a church under Rev. B. M. Roy. This is the firsl mention of the organization of a society of this denomination at Bradford. Meetings were held at intervals up to 1874.

St. Johri's Catholic ChiwcJc of Bradford was dedicated January 8, 18T6. The building committee comprised Owen Sharkey, Michael Real, John Ilickey, Thomas Powders, Edward Harty and Walter Ilennebury. The old members comprised the families of above named together with the McSherrys, the Rathges, Patrick Colford, Michael Ilerron, the Owens. James Casey, several Hartys, -James Gorman, Florence DriscoU, AV. Mowberry, James Murph3^ John Carroll, Thomas Keating, John Mclntee, Thomas Fox, John O'Brien, James O'Brien, Fred, Dickman, the Smiths, Jos. Hennessy, James McNulty, Patrick Finnigan. C. McManus, John Mahony, William Mahany, Edward Walsh, Michael Dunn, James Sherlock, D. Russell, the Floods, Thomas Ilickey, Thomas Cooney, Luke Code, Patrick Fagan, John Cleary, John McKeighan and Michael Malone. Father O'Gara McShane came here in 1875, antl laid the foundations of the church. Father Swift was also here as a visitor. Father Moore came in 1879, and was succeeded by Rev. Canon J. Moynihan, who commenced the parish records in April, 1879. Father Cullen was a visiting priest here during Father Moynihan's visit to Euro]:)e. The latter was succeeded August 1, by Rev. 11. Dell)aere of the diocese oi Peoria, a native of West Flanders. There are sixty families or over 300 persons belonging to the congregation. The church building is lOxSO, with stee[)le, and well finished throughout at a cost of about i^^). <)(»(). The St. John's Temperance Societ}^ is proverbial for strict adherence to the principles of the hrst great apostle of total abstinence - Father Theobald Matthew.

Protestant Episcopal (Jhurch. - On July 17, 1883, Rev. George Moore, then at Wyoming, gave evening services in Jjradford as an experiment - the house was well filled and twent3'six members were found in and about the town. July 25, a business meeting was held at William Harvey's, and papers were drawn up and signed to send Bishop Burgess at Quincy requesting his aid and approval in organizing as a mission station under the name of St. James. Both being granted and certain preliminaries settled December 9, 1883, Rev. R. C. Wall, of Tiskihva, took charge of the mission, giving services every second and fourth Sundays in the month. Irving Barton and B. Gr. Howes were elected wardens; Mrs. Robert Hall, clerk, and Mrs. William Harvey, treasurer. The same rector and the same officers have been retained from year to year. Since services began the little congregation has lost hy death and removal seven and received an addition of six members, so that at the present time twenty-five members keep up the expenses, assisted by a small number who have shown a friendly interest, though not members. A room has been rented in which to hold services, and no property is owned except an organ valued at sixty dollars. As there were few children a regularly organized Sunday-school has not been kept up.

Lombardville was surveyed for Julia A. Lombard and Alfred H. Castle by Edwm Butler, and the plat acknowledged July 8, 1870. State, Franklin, Lombard and Duncan streets west to alley are shown, while Howard, Main and Washington run east and west. There were six full blocks with twenty feet alleys and two half blocks in the original' town. The ])urchasers of lots at Lombardville, were : John Yorde & Co., 1871; F. W. Aubrey, 1872; Leslie Robison, 1871:; C. Schweitzer, 1873 ; F. W. Bachman, D. Musselman, Geo. H. Hurst, 1874; Julia A. Lombard, C. Latimer, 1875; John M. Brown, F. and W. F. Horton, 1877; F. Blamb, 1876, and in later years the Thurms, Blacks, Swans, Wares, Arnolds, McNetts, Blaisdells, Codes, Flanks, ZoolvS, Josiah Cratty, C. N. Miller, Brewer, Da^aes & Co., James Hall, Lawrence and James O'Brien, Abigail Mandel, Mary H. Walker, the Haskins, G. Churchill, Z. B. Haven, John Rinzenberg, Davies A: Fleming, Hattie Westcott, F. E. and Thomas Abbott and James P. Saunders.

The Lombardville Improvement Association was organized in April, 1870, with F. Horton, president ; Thomas Doe, secretary ; James Hall, treasurer; E. P. Wright, Chas. Latimer, and T. Doe, a committee on constitution, and Horton, Latimer and Harsh, committee on Iniildings. The Lombard Elevator Company filed articles of incorporation May 6, 1870, signed l)y Ferdinand llorton, James Hall, Francis Davis, Robert Hall, Charles Latimer, the first trustees. Tlie hotel and elevator at Lombardville were completed in the fall of 1870, just after the Lombardville Mining Company discovereil coal.

It is alleged that during the summer of 1886 a saloon was carried on at Lombard under I'^nited States license, but in direct o])position to local laws. To escape ])enalty the institution would "close u})" l)efore the period for serving legal procees and open after the term of Court was ended.

Bi'adford Cemetery. - There are many of the old settlers of this townsliip tenanting the Bradford cemetery. Among them, so far as monuments tell the story of death, are the following named : Benj. Brewer died in '77; James B. Russell, '67; Zach. Bevier, '73; ZacJi. Bevier, '69 ; Rebecca Keely, '77 ; Dr. David R. Little, '64 ; Susan B.

Franklin cemetery, though in this township, is incorporated in the chapter on Penn township, for the reason that it is more closely connected with Penn township. The new Catholic cemetery at Bradford claims only a few interments up to this date.

Biography And Reminiscences

Apart from the mention made in other pages of families now represented in the township, the following summary of personal history, based on sundry records, is given, so as to secure as far as ))ossii)le all that is extant relating to the people of this township:

Ahih Ahhott. born at Paris, Me., in 1813; married Miss Lydia Gushing in 1832; ordained a minister of Universalist church in 1810; came to Stark county in 1855, and was closely identified with that church here until liis death, June 20, 1884.

Marij P. Adaiiix, born in iMassachusetts in 1800; married Sam. II. Damon in 1818. He died in 1845, when the widow came to Illinois, where she resided until her death, at John Damon's house, Bradford, ]S"oveml)er 8, 1845.

Major A. Ames, son of Elisha and Elizabeth (Cook) x\mes, was born in Luzerne county, Pa., in 1809. The ancestors of the Ames came from Ireland at an early da\^ settled in York state, where Elisha was born. The Cooks are of English origin in Connecticut, where Elizabeth was born. Elisha Ames served seventy-four months in Washington's own command tluring the llevolution, afterwai'ds settled in Delaware on a farm, moved thence to Pennsylvania, where he carried on a lumber yard with his farm, and died there in 1846. They were the parents of thirteen children, of whom M. A. Ames and his sister Polly, now Mrs. Sylvester Sommers, are the only survivors. M. A. Ames remained Avith his father for two years after arriving of age. In 1831 he came to Peru, 111., in 1832 moved to Paw Paw Grove, entered eighty acres there for the present occupier, Mr. Price, and in 1846 came here and purchased 160 acres, which he has cultivated up to the present lime. In 1849 he married Miss Maria Barbara, a native of New Yorlv, of which state her parents were also natives. To this marriage ten children were born, of whom seven are living: Alva, Louisa, Edward, Minerva, who married D. Sturm; Frank, who married M. Harmon ; all of this county ; Sophia, now Mrs. L. L. Liggett, of Johnson county, Neb., and Ilenan, of this county. The mother of this large famih' died in 1863, as related in the history. In politics he is Democratic, having voted for Andrew Jackson in ls29. He has, for almost sixty years, stood by the old General's party. In religious matters he is not a church member ; but is said to give hearty support to all Christian societies. For several years he has served as school director, and for over forty years has taken a full part in the development of his adopted home.

Zelmlo7i Avery^ brother of Colonel Miles Avery, was born May 12, 1793; came to this county about 1835, and located on the north-east quarter of section 32, Osceola township, wlhch he entered as shown in the history' of that township. Prior to this he built a fiatboat at Tunkhannock, Pa., with deck and roof, which he l)rought down the Susquehanna to the Juniata, thence up the Juniata canal, across the mountains to Pittsburg, thence down the Ohio, up the Mississippi and Illinois rivers to Henry, Marshall county, bringing with him the family of John T. Phenix, together with his own family, all numbering about a dozen ])ersons. He died on his original farm July 1, 1854,

Dr. James Gohle Jjoardman, born in Northumberland township, Luzerne county. Pa., June 7, 1836, is a son of Orlando and Ann Goble Poardman, the former a mill-wright, native of Springfield, Mass., of Britisli ancestry ; the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of German and Irish antecedents. With his wife and four children he came to this county in 1840, removed to Lee county in the same year, where he died - his wife preceding him to the grave in 1866. Dr. Boardman's boyhood tiays were passed in Lee county. Pie was educated in the district schools and at the academy at Paw Paw, 111. At the age of tAventy-three years he began the study of medicine under Dr. E. P. Boardman, of Elmira. Two years later he entered Comj)any B, Nineteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, was wounded at Chickamauga, but was in active service for thirty six months. Peturning in 1864 he resumed medical studies, and graduated from Push Medical College, Chicago, in January, 1865 ; entered on professional duties at Paw Paw, Lee county, and in 1880 settled at Bradford. His wife. Miss Mary Rule, daughter of John Pule, was bornm Poxburghshire, Scotland, and married in Bureau county, this state. They are the parents of four sons and one daughter - John P., a school teacher in Fillmore county, Neb.; Orland W., Edwin A., James N. and Jane E. In the pioneer, military and medical chapters of the general history, the settlement and services of tiie Boardman family in and to the county are recited ; in the sketch of Osceola township and Bradford, their religious and social life here is fully given.

Alex. II. BpocI\ born in Cayno-a county, X. Y., in 1805, came to Pekin, 111., in 1837, and to Stark county in 1800. His sons, Orson P. and Floyd A. served in the Forty-seventh Illinois and Second Iowa Infantry, respectively. The former was killed in Mississippi during the war. and the latter wounded. Agnes Brock, liis daughter, died here December 30, 1881, when Doctors Hall, Boarduian and Davison examined into the cause of death.

3Irs. T. R. {McGinnis) Capperune, born in Chester county. Pa., in 1810, moved Avith parents to Ohio, where, in 1832, she was married to A. Corbin, who died in Knox county, 111., in 1839. In 1836 the famiW came to Knox county. In 1842 she was married to T. P. Caperune, and with him moved to Boyd's Grove in 1850. She died at Milo in May. 1885.

James B. Doyle, one, of the men connected with the bond forgeries, was sentenced to ten years in the penitentiary, by Judge Blodgett. in June, 1881. Judge Bangs, General Henderson and Martin Shallenberger defended the prisoner.

W. P. Dator., born at Claverack, Columbia county, N. Y.. December 5, 1822, is the son of Philip and Elizabetli (Rowe) Dator, whose ancestors date their settlement on the Hudson to the first Dutch colonies there. His grandfather, also Philip, served throughout the War of the Revolution, and was discharged as a commissioned officer. In 1839 W. P. Dator entered mercantile life in New York City ; returned home after some time, but in 1844 resumed mercantile life in Wayne county, X. Y. In 1849 he married Miss Emma Loretta Soverhill, and subsequently was engaged in farming and store-keeping in that state until 1857, when he sold his interests there, came west, and settled in Marshall county. 111., where he was an agriculturalist for some years. In 1865 he removed to Tiskilwa, Bureau county, and in 1869 to Bradford, where he has since carried on a large general store, and in 1873 established his lumber yards. As shown in the official history of Bradford and in the sketch of the schools, he has taken a full share of the honors of official life. Also in the Masonic and Odd Fellows' history his name finds a- place, while in that of the Baptist church Mrs. Dator is mentioned. Of their children, Anna is the wife of William P. Plummer, postmaster at Bradford ; Elizabeth married Lyman Allen, of Johnson county, Xeb.; Hattie J. married F. P. Wright, now of Furnas county, Xeb.; Sarah is the wife of A. J. Green, a jeweler of Oxford, in that county, while Jennie resides with her parents.

2Irs. Timothy {Girvin) DpiscoU, while proceeding with her family to visit friends in Bureau county, was thrown from the wagon and received such injuries as to cause death, January 15, 1882.

Wesley T. Foster^ born in Maine, March 31, 1811, is the son of Alfred and Fanny (Wiggins) Foster, botli natives of that state. In 1853 the family came to Bradford. The father engaged in farming, on lands which lie jnirchased, in connection with his trade of shoemaker, and so continued until his death in 18T1. Of their five children, there are living: Charles A., carpenter, of Bureau county ; Stephen, of Osceola ; Wesley T., of Bradford; and N^athan, a. farmer of this township. Wesley T. may be said to have been raised and educated in Stark county. In 18(11 he entered in the Xinth Illinois Cavalry, reenlisted in ISGl and served fifty-one months, until mustered out as sergeant in Decend^er, 1865. Returning to Bradford he engaged at the carpenter's trade, and has been so engaged down to the present time. In 18('»() he married Miss Sarah, daughter of Samuel and Ann E. Shaw - the former a native of England - the latter of Rhode Island - who settled in Illinois in 1810, where their daughter was born. In politics Mr. Foster is Repul)lican. He has held the office of village trustee for eight years, and collector for one year. In religious affaiis he sup])orts the Protestant Episcopal church, of which his wife is a member, and in society matters is a mend^er of the Blue Lodge and Grand Army Republic Post.

Charles F. JIaynllton, editor Bradford Independent., was born in Armstrong count}'^, Penn., May 16, 1837. His great grandfather left Ireland at the age of sixteen years, and came to New Jersey before the Revolutionary war. He raised a company of scouts and served as captain during tlie entire war of the revolution. His grandfather was born in New Jersey in the year 1787, where about the year 1809 he married a Miss Willis. His father was born in Essex county, N. J,, in the year 1811. His grandfather moved from New Jersey to Armstrong county. Pa., with his family, and thence to Marshall count}', Ills., in 1855, where he died in 1876. Mr. C. F. Hamilton's father married Miss Sarah Callen, of Armstrong county, Pa., in 1836. Moved with his family to Marshall country. 111., in 1818, but returned to his Pennsylvania home in the spring of 1819. In 1857 he and his family made a permanent settlement at Sparland, Marshall county, 111., and there his wife died that year. (1 F. Hamilton was educated in Pennsylvania. On comino- to Illinois he eno-ao'ed in school teaching, and in 1862 entered the army, as related in the military chapter and in the history of I3eWolf Post, No. 371, Grand Army RepulJic. After receiving honorable discharge he resumed school teaching at Sparland, 111., subsequently was in business there. Came to Wyoming in 1880, and here was eno-ao-ed in the J)oot and shoe trade for fifteen years. In 1885 he established a boot and shoe store at Bradford, and in June, 1885, founded the Independent, of which he is owner and editor. In 1858 he married Miss Anna, daughter of Martin and Margaret Harmon, of Sparland, Marshall county. 111. Mr. Harmon came from Germany to Lacon, Marshall county. 111., in 1855, and to Sparland in 1857. To this marriage ten children were born, of whom nine are living; three are married, namely : C. H., who married Miss Edith, daughter of the widow Clarke, of Bradford ; George B., married Miss Delia Aldrich, of Ingersoll, Canada; and Miss Lillian married Walter A. Washburn, of Bradford. A reference to the ])olitical and press chapters, as well as to the history of Toulon and Essex townships, and Wyoming village, will point out the part Mr. Hamilton has taken here.

Miss Jennie Hartley was accidentally killed by falling from a buggy in February, 1879. Nothing created such sorrow since the death of Geo. Pettit, under similar circumstances.

Thomas Wesley Harmon, born in Stark county, December 10, 1851, is the son of John and Margaret (Dunn) Harmon. John was the son of Nathaniel and Ann (Bennett) Harmon, natives of New York, where he was also born. Margaret was the daughter of AVilliam and Barbara Dunn, both natives of Kentucky. Mr. Harmon received his education in .the district schools of this county, and January 12, 1872, married Miss Calista O., born here December 23, 1853, daughter of Stephen D. and Julia (Drawyer) Breese, and granddaughter of Henry and Sarah (Johnson) Breese, of Pennsylvania, and of John and Rachel (Hall) Draw3'er, of New York, pioneers of Stark county. In 1875 he purchased 80 acres on section 30, which he sold in 1876, "and purchased 160 acres on section 31, where he has made his home since. Always a farmer, this tract shows the results of his taste and skill. For the last nineteen 3'ears he has also been interested in the sale of threshingmachines and corn shellers. Mr. and Mrs. Harmon are the parents of six children - Ma}^ born October 14, 1872; Earl, born December 31, 1873; Hays, born October 16, 1875; Claude, born March 25, 1878; Julia, born July 8, 1883, and Wesley, born July 13, 1886, four of whom are attending school, Mr. Harmon has served as school director for five years. In politics he is a Republican; in religious matters, nondenominational, but an earnest sup]iorter of all Christian and benev^olent associations. ( Vide History of Toionskip.)

Williayn Harvey, son of Aaron and EHzabeth (Hall) Harvey, Avas born in the township of Elmira, one mile nortli of Osceola village, Novem- Ijer 16, 1810. His parents were both natives of England, the father being a grocer and tea dealer of Derby, and the mother one of the Halls named in the history of Elmira township. In October, 1861 William enlisted in Com]Mny F, Fifty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry; was wounded at Corinth, October 4, 1862, and received honorable discharge. He remained in the South after the war ; Avas in the United States mail service from 1869 to 1876, when lie returned to Stark county and established his drug store at Bradford. He married Miss Mary, daughter of Frank W. and Sarah Jane (Harris) Anthony, of Jackson county, Mich., to whom three childi'en were born - Joseph H., Frank A. and AVilliam C. She is & consistent member of the Protestant Episcopal church. Mr. Harvey is a member of the Fifty, seventh Regimental Association and Dickerson Post, G. A. R. ( Vtde Chapter on Hlmira.)

George L. Haskins, born at Harford, Cortland county, N. Y,, March 26, 1841, is the son of George and Ruby (Edminster) Haskins, both natives of New York. George Haskins was the son of Anthony and Jerusha (Daigler) Haskins. both natives of Massachusetts. Anthony came to America in 1778, with two brothers, Clifford and Paul, and established an (Optician's store at S})ring'field, Mass., no\v conducted by Smith & Lesqeureaux. Anthony had a family of eight children, three of whom still live, namely: William, of Potter count}^. Pa.; George, of Milo, 111.; Washington, of Potter county. Pa. George Haskins has been eno-ao'ed in farming since his l)ovhood. He was married in New York in February, 1838. Of his nine children, four are hving, as follows: George L., of Lombardville; William W., of Milo, a soldier of the late war; Mary J., wife of James F. Malette, of Bo3"d's Grove, 111., and Norton B., residing at Adele, Iowa. George Haskins removed from New York, in 1805, to Milo, 111. Here his wife died in 1879. Anthony Haskins' wife was born at Taunton, Mass., died in Pennsylvania at the age of ninety-six years. Ruby, wife of George Haskins, was the daughter of Henry and Mary E. (Barnes) Edminster, of French and English extraction. George L. Haskins, at the age of nineteen years, enlisted in the Thirty -fourth New York Infantry and served his full term, from Ball's Bluffs to the close of the war. After being mustered out he returned to Illinois, and locating at Milo engaged in farming. He was married in Cortland county, N. Y., September 19, 1864, to Miss E. J. Shaple}^ a native of New York, daughter of O. and Phelinda (Phelps) Shajoley, both natives of Palmyra, N. Y., the children of soldiers of tiie Revolution. He removed to this county in 1809, and now resides at Lombardville. In politics he has ever been a Republican. He has held the office of constable for sixteen years, was also school director at Milo. Of Mr. Haskins' two children, one is living- - William F. He is a charter member of Dickerson Post, G. A. R., at Bradford.

3frs. Thomas Horan died at her home, near Lombardville, September 19, 1880, leaving five small children - one an infant but a few days old. She was buried in the Bradford Catholic cemetery.

JoJni LacJi'ie, born at Barnett, Yt., Decemloer 0, 1823, is the son of Ambrose and Betsy (Wadell) Lackie. both natives of Yermont, the ancestors of whom were of Scotch origin, coming to America at an earl}^ day. John Lackie spent his j^ounger years on the farm with his father. In 1844 he came to this county, purchased land in Osceola soon after his arrival and was engaged in farming here until 1850, when he visited California, where he remained three years, a part of the time engaged in mining and also was employed in running saw mills. On returning he settled on the land he had purchased before going to California, and resumed farming and stock-growing. He was married in 1855, to JVEiss Sarah Fall, a native of Ohio, whose parents were natives of New York. To this marriage three cliildren, two boys and one girl Avere born, of whom Lizzie is the wife of W. House, a farmer of Bureau county. In politics he has ever been a Republican. As a marked a})preciation of the respect and confidence in which he is held, he has held the following offices: supervisor, justice of the peace and school director for years. In the fall of 1882 he was elected representative of this district. He is a member of the Masonic society, but in church affairs non-denominational. ( Vide cjeneral township history.)

Francis J. Liggett, son of William and Ann (Maderiai Liggett, was born in AVarren conntv. Ohio, May 30, 1854. This AVilliam, a native of Virginia, came with his parents to Ohio when lie was Ijut Httle over one year of age. His (William's) parents were engaged in farming in Ohio, where his father died verv suddenlv, leavino- the mother to raise the family. William was the youngest child of a family of six cliildren ; was born in Harrison county, Ya., June 25, 180t». After his marriage to Miss Ann Maderia, Xovember 15, 1842, they remained on the old homestead in Ohio until the fall of 1854, when they sold their interests there, and proceeding to Stark count3\ 111., purchased a farm of 200 acres in Osceola township, upon which they settled. The country at this time was a wilderness, but with the wolves and deer as their most numerous neiglibors, they braved the dangers of a pioneer life and Imilt themselves up a home. Mr. Liggett died April 23, 1875. Mrs. Lio-crett still resides on the homestead. She was born Febrnarv 3, 1822. and although she is now in her sixty-fifth year, is strong and active. Of the nine children living at Mr. Liggett's death, one has since died. Francis, whose name heads this sketch, is the oldest child. In his eighteenth year he joined Company B. of the One-hundred-andtwelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and proceeded with the conijiany to Peoria, September 18, 1862. He ])articipated in thirteen engagements, among them being Franklin. Xashville, Atlanta, Cleveland, Ft. Anderson, and Goldsborough. At Cleveland. Tenn., Septeml^er 18, 1803, he was taken })risoner and suffered all the horrors of Pelle Isle and Andersonville. In the summer of 1864 he made his escape from Andersonvile, and after manv wearv weeks of travel bv niu^ht, and hidino: in the forests and swam])s bv, dav. he entered the L'nion lines in Georgia, during the Atlanta campaign, and joined his old comrades. Nearly starved, he was in no condition to perform military duty, and was sent home on a furlough. During this visit home he married Miss Katie Lontr. dauohter of Alexander and Xancv Lono-, born at Zanesville. Ohio, January 27, 1843. Her father, a Pennsylvanian, came to Ohio at an early day, later to Indiana, and thence to Illinois. Eemainino^ here some time, thev moved to Nebraska, where they still reside. At the close of the war, Mr. Liggett ])urchased a farm near Bradford and erected a fine residence where lie still resides. On December 28, 1875, Mrs. Liggett passed away in the thirty-tliii'd vear of her age, being an invalid for several years. She was a member of the Eastern Star Chapter, of Bradford."' March 11, 1880, Mr. Liggett married Miss Millie, daughter of Thomas and Mary (Biddle) Hamilton; was born near Philadelphia. June 24. P^45. Her parents, natives of Pennsylvania, came to Illinois in 1847 and settled at Osceola, in Elmira township, where Mr. Hamilton died August 17, 187". in his sixty-fourth year. Mrs. Hamilton now makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Liggett, and is now in her eightieth year. Mr. Lio-o-ett still resides on his farm near Bradford, where he owns 120 acres of choice lands, and formerly owned real estate in Iowa. Socially, he is a member of the Masonic Lodge at Bradford ; politically, he has always been a liepublicaH, and has held several township offices, among' them being that of collector and assessor, the latter he held for ten 3^ears. He is a man who is interested in all works of a progressive nature, and his home is a model one.

George W. Longmire^ son of George and Sarah (Haines) Longmire, was born in Indiana, September 19, 1824. His parents were natives of North Carolina, where his grandparents, Joseph Longmire, a native of the north of England or Scotland, and Mary, his wife, a native of Scotland, had settled with his great-grandparents. George, father of G. W., was a soldier of 1812. He was the father of thirteen children, seven of whom are living : James and Joseph, near Olympia, W. T.; John, in Iowa; George W. and David II., in Illinois; Sarah, in Nebraska, and Leonard, a raiicliman in California. George W. Longmire received his education in the district schools of his native county, and taught school there for two terms, and for one term in this State. Also read medicine in Indiana, and gave that science two and one-half years study. He married iu this county Miss Thankful Elston, May 21, 1851. This lady is a daughter of Jesse and Hannah Elston, natives of Penns}'lvania. To this marriage seven children were born, of whom five are living : Sarah, now Mrs. J. Harmon, of Penn Township; Byron, residing here; Frances E., now Mrs. Hosea Harmon, of Osceola; Homer, a farmer of this township, and Laura, wife of Adna Whitcher, of Osceola During the war Mr. Longmire was a Republican in politics, and member of the Union League ; but now may- be classed among the independent voters of the county. For twenty years he has served as school director, has been township clerk, and commissioner of highways for some years, and altogether a very useful citizen. His farm embraces the northeast quarter of section thirty-five, and is a model one in its arrangement and improvements. Mr. Longmire is a member of the A. F. and A. M. Blue Lodge of Masons, Bradford ; but beyond the support which he freely gives to Ciiristian churches, his name is not found among church members.

Catharine McN%dty, relict of James McNulty, died at her home near Bradford, Octoljer 31, 1886, and was buried at the Cam]) Grove. She was born in Canada, of Irish parentage, was married in the Dominion, and in 1868 she, with her husband, came to Illinois and settled in this section, where she resided up to her death.

John A. Mielkey^ son of John and Wilhelmenia (Comb) Mielkey, was born in Prussia, February 26, 1836, of which country his parents were natives, his father serving in the German army at the defeat of Napoleon. His death occurred January 3, 1852, being over sixty 3^ ears of age. John A. is the second child of a family of three. When he was eighteen years of age he came to America and landed at Quebec, proceeded at once to Detroit where he was taken sick, and for a month was compelled to remain at the hospital. After his recovery he came to Chicago and Ijegan working on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pittsburg Raih'oad. On January 19, 1861, he married Mrs. Elizabeth, daughter of John and Nancy (Arnold) Vanscoyk, who was born in Crawford county, July 19, 1826. Her father was a native of Germany and her mother of Carolina. The former, when one year of age, came with parents to America and settled in Ross county, Ohio. In 1835 Mr. Yanscovk was foully murdered bv one of his neighbors. Tliis was in Mossville, Peoria county, where he settled some four 3'ears before. He left six children, of whom Elizabeth was the third. At the age of sixteen 3'ears she married Mr. Simeon Sprague, with whom she lived ten years, when death parted them. By her hrst inarriao-e she is the mother of three children. Nine veai'S later she married John A. Mielkey, as before stated. After this marriage they farmed in Peoria county for six 3'ears, when the}' removed to Osceola township, where they purchased a farm and began its improvement. Four children have blessed their union: Julius A.. John A., Lillie M. and William E. Thev have always been hard workers, and as a reward of their labors the}' now own 12u acres of the choicest lands m Osceola, about three miles from Bi'adford. In political mattei's Mr. Meilkey is bound by no party ties.

II. It. 2Iokeler was born at Wilmington, Will county. 111.. March 27, 18(51, is the son of J. F. and his wife Elvina ]\lokeler. the former a native of Boston, Mass., the latter, a native of Philadelphia, Pa. J. F. Mokeler was a graduate of a college in the East, but subsequently learned the blacksmith's trade, at which he has been employed down to the present time. He came to Illinois at an early day, was married at.Xaperville, and had a family of ten children, all of whom are living. II. P. Mokeler received a common school education, learned blacksmithing in his youth, and has followed the trade since he was able to lal)or. He moved to Bradford in 1880. In 1885 he commenced, business for himself. He was married April 22, 1886, to Miss Lydia Foster, daughter of Charles Foster. Politically he is a Democrat, socially, a member of Bradford Lodge, Xo. 517 I. f). (). F., but is not a member of an}' church.

James J/. Morris^ son of James and Zada (Grimes) Morris, was born in Greene county, Pa., March 24, 1837. His parents were farmers of that state, who in 1845 moved to Guernsey county, but in 1853 moved to Ross county, Ohio, whei'e they were engaged in agriculture until retiring from active life. Of their children, John resides in Marshall county. 111.; James ]\I., here; William, in Hamburg, Iowa; Margaret, wife of Eli Wilson, also of Iowa; Maria, wife of William Morgan, of Ross county, Ohio. The mother of this family died in August, 1851, and a year later the father remarried. To this second marriage six children were born, five of whom are living. James M. passed his early years with his father. At the age of fifteen he left home to learn the blacksmith's trade, which he has ever since followed successfully. In 1856 he moved to Peoria, III. worked in the old " Peoria City Shop," eighteen months, when he moved to Valley townslii]), and was a blacksmith there until 1861. In this year he enrolled in the Eighth Illinois Cavalry, served thi'ee years and twenty days in that command, reenlisted in Fourth United States Volunteer Company G, and served until mustered out as sergeant March 9, 1866. Returning, he married Miss Henrietta K. Little, a native of Massachusetts, April 15, 1866. This lady is the daughter of Dr. David and Susan B. Little^ both natives of Ireland and both practicing physicians. At the time of her inaiTiage Miss Little was a scliool teacher. In 1882 she attended Bennett's Eclectic Medical College, Chicago, graduated in March, 1884, and is now one of the leading physicians of that school in Chicago. Their children are John L., a painter and musician, of Chicago, and James C, attending school at Bradford. Mr. Morris visited Kansas in 187 U homesteaded 1(!0 acres and resided there until 187-1, engaged in farming. From 1875 to 1885 he carried on his sho])s at Bradford. Renting them that year he moved to Chicago, but returning in the spring of 1886, resumed charge of them, where he is engaged in blacksmithing and manufacturing. In politics he is decidedly Republican, a mend)er of the Blue Lodge, and of the Grand Army Bepublic Post at Bradford, and although not a church member, is a friend of all churches. ( Vide history of Brculfoi'd for official and social 'record.)

A. B. Morse, who carried the mail between Bi'adford and Tiskilwa, and subsequently to Senachwine, moved to Gage county, Neb., in 1881. It is alleged he was found guilty of murdering his wife in 1885.

Harmon Phenix^ banker of Bradford, was born near Wilkesbarre, Luzerne county. Pa., January 20, 1834. Ilis parents - John T., born in 1792, and Lydia (Daniels) Phenix - were natives of Delaware count}'", N. Y. The former was a captain of militia in his native county and was the son of Peter, one of two brothers who emigrated from Scotland. John T. Phenix moved with his wife and family to this county in 1035, his children being Daniel B., a farmer of Penn township; Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Sturm, of Osceola; Nancy, wife of Solomon Geer, of Boulder county. Col. ; Mary C. married H. H. Drawyer ; Abram Phenix, of Bradford, and Harmon Phenix. The father of this large family died in 1867, and was interred in Franklin (Cemetery, Osceola township. Up to his death he lield membership with the Methodist Episcopal church, with w^hich he was connected since his marriage. The first home of the family here was in Toulon township, on what is now the "James Montooth Farm."

Harmon Phenix was little over one year old when his parents moved here, so that he may be considered as one who grew up with the county. Apart from his academical course, at Paw Paw, 111., his education was received here, and all those practical lessons inculcated, wliich have borne to him such rich fruit. At the age of twenty -four years he entered mercantile life; in 1862 established his store, and in 1869 moved to Bradford, where, with C. W. Phenix, he has built up a laro'e and increasino- business. In 1881 the banking house of Ilannon Phenix & Co. was founded here. In 1864 he married Miss Emeline Libljy, l)orn near Stanstead Plain, Sherbrooke, Quebec province, Canada. Of their children, Oscar is a student at Chicago; Lillian C, Nanc}^ L., Daniel J. and Elbert reside at home. Mrs. Phenix is a member of the Baptist church, as shown in the history of that society. In the pioneer and political chapters of the general history, and in the sketches of Toulon and Osceola townships, the intimate relation of the Phenix family to Stark county and her townships is fully related.

George W. Reed was born in Intliana, in March, J 824. He is the son of Charles and Chloe (Iloby) lieed, both natives of this country, who were mai'ried in Virginia. Charles was the son of Patrick Heed, who was a native of Ireland. When the War of 1812 broke out, Charles enlisted and served through the whole campaign. After the war he engaged in farming and stock growing in Ohio and Indiana, until 1830, when he removed to Illinois and settled at what is known as " Reed's Grove,'' in Will county, taking up a claim of 160 acres on what is now Joliet. He built the first Jiouse ever built in that city, and erected the first house at the Grove, in 1832, When the Black Hawk war l)roke out he removed his familv to Park county, Indiana. After the Indian troubles he returned to his claim and engaged in farming. He built a flouring mill in Joliet in the year 1834, and was, in fact, the man who laid out and started the town where lie made the claim, and intended to purchase the same when it came into market, but lost it through the act of a so-called friend. Charles Reed built the log fort at Reed's Grove for a protection against the Indians, and when he had it read}^ to raise the prominent men of Chicago came out to assist in the work. While he lived in Will county he took a prominent part in politics. Being a strong anti-slavery man, he was honored with state and county ofKces. In the course of time he removed to Winnebago county, and laid out the town of Winnebago, and remained in that county until his death, which occurred about 1864. George W. Reed spent his younger years in and near Joliet; attended school in the old fort tliere. When the Mexican war broke out, a company was formed at Joliet, of which he was a member, but their services were not accepted. He was married in 1819 to Mary Strader, daughter of John and Mar}^ (Longmire) Strader, by whom he had two children. After his mari'iage he removed to Mercer county, III., and purchased 160 acres of land, built a house and improved his farm. His wife, who was afflicted with consumption, becoming worse, requested that she be taken back to her home in Indiana. Two years after his arrival in Mercer county he returned with his sick wife to her home, Avliere she died the day after her arrival. After her death he sold his interests in Mercer county, removed to Stark county in 1853, located in Osceola townsliip, and was engaged in farming until 1880, when he engaged in the mercantile business at Bradford. In 1857 he married Miss Phila Webster, who died in 1862, and in 1865 his marriage with Mrs. Jane (Montooth) Hunter took place.

Geor(je Heeves, the outlaw of Senachwine, moved to the eastern borders of Stark county in 1833. Such desperadoes as Burch, Fox, Long, Cameron Reeves, Allison, Preston Reeves made the neighborhood their home, and brought thither their stolen horses and goods. After the robbery of Rheinljeck at Whitefield, the people turned out en Qnasse, and sent them out of the country. Sophronia Reeves, wife of A, D. Jones, the founder of Omaha, moves in the best Sv^ciety of that town.

Benjamin F. Rochhold^ son of E. M. and Jemima (Turner) Rockhold, was born in Fulton county. 111., May 27, 18-to. Benjamin F. Rocivhold was educated in Fulton county. On July 27, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Eighth Illinois Yolunteer Infantry, and served with that command until mustered out, with rank of sergeant, in July, 1864. After the war, he and Jonn F. embarked in business at St.

David; again established n house at Milo; two years later established their house at AVyoming and built a store there, and in 1872 opened a house at Bradford. Mr. Rockhold was married to Miss Jennie He}^- wood, of AVyoniing, as related in the sketcli of the late Thomas Heywood. Their children are Xorma B., J'onnie, and Vera. Mrs. Rockhold is a meml)er of the Baptist church. Mr. R. is a menber of Dickerson Post and of the Indejienilent Order of Odd Fellows' lodge, and, as shown in the history of these associations, and official sketch of the village, has not escaped the onus of attending to public affairs. Ilis business at Bradford is extensive, and always increasing.

Byron Smith, son of Asher and Phoebe (Stark) Smith, and grandson of Jonathan, born A])rill8, 1764, and Anna Smitli, born January 7, 177(), was born in Stark countv, July 28, 1851. His father was born in Luzerne county, Penn., October 28, 1807, and his mother, daughter of John Stark, a native of Connecticut, born also in Luzerne county. July 20, 1811. They were married in 1832. They came to this county in 1835, and Mr. Smith walked to Galena to enter his first forty acres in Osceola. Tie was a tanner by trade, and in connection with his farm cai'ried on a tannery here. Of his five children, tliere are living Oliver, of Sedgwick county, Kan.; Eliza, wife of Dr. Miner, of Decatur county, Kan., and Byron. Up to I860, Asher Smith was a Democrat, but then voted for Lincoln, and so continued RepulJican down to his death. May 3, 1869. For seven terms he was assessor, and served as collector and school director for several terms. During the war he was a member of the Union League, and in all respects a model citizen. His wife, a true daughter of Moll\^ Stark, died June 7, 1881, and, as related in the history of Franklin cemetery, in Osceola, near Penn township, was laid to rest beside her husbantl. She was a descendant of Gen. Stark, a teacher in Luzerne county, a member of the Methodist Episco]ial clnirch, and an excellent wcmian. Byron Smith received his early education here, and attended the schools of Ann Arbor, Mich., for seven months. Like his father, he is a Republican, and not a member of any religious society, though supporting the Methodist Episcopal church. He purchased his father's homestead of 176 acres, of which he sold twenty-two acres, and added by purchase eighty, making a fine farm of 237 acres on section 31. Mr. Smitli is still a _young man, one of excellent parts, and ranks among the first citizens of the township. ( Vide Jnstory of II. Avery.)

liberty Stone, born at Shrewsbury. Mass., May 15, 1813, son of Daniel and Anna (Gibson) Stone, came to Peoria,, May 6, 1833, and in September of that year settled in Osceola township, one half mile south of the north line, but moved to Buda in 1873. In 1836, he married Mrs. Martha (Fisher) Winslow, wlio died here July 15, 1853. In October of that year he married Miss ^rhankful B. Lesan, dauii'hter of John and Elizabeth (Brooks) Lesan, natives of Maine, who in 1830 moved to Ohio; thence to Bureau county, TIL, iu 183(!; thence to Tvnox county ; and in 1838 to Osceohi township. Her mother died in Illinois, her father in Iowa. Mi". Stone was an active abolitionist, and a conductor on the Underground railroad. Of his many cliddren, Miss Louisa, born in 1843, married Col, W. Jackson in 1869,

Church Sturtevant, son of Hosea, who served in the war of the revolution, and Avas made prisoner at Stony Point, settled in Osceola township in 1844. In 1827, he married Hannah Brown, of Centre Harbor. X. H. ; moved to Peacham, Yt., in ISol. and to Stark in July, 1S44.

Isaac Sttirm, son of Henry and Catherine (Dalrymple) Sturm, whose history is given in this chapter, and in that on Elmira Township, was ])orn in Ohio, Xovember 13, 1S24. His grandfather Sturm was a suldier of 1812, and his father a soldier of the Kevolution, said to have served in one of the Pennsylvania commands under Steuben. The familv settled at Osceola Grove in 1836, and Isaac resided there with them until 1849, on March 11, of which year he married Miss Jane Stedham - JoshuaGillinnan, justice of the peace, officiating. This lady is a daughter of John and Maria (Robinson) Stedham, natives of Delaware, who came here in 1836, entered lands on sections 3 and 4, Osceola, and resided here a short time, when they revisited Delaware. Subsecjuently this family settled in Peoria county, 111., returned and resided in Osceola for some years, then moved to Iowa, where the father died in 1SS2. Isaac Sturm purchased eighty acres on section 16, in 1850, and with his young wife and family, took up his residence there in 1852. He has added 120 acres to his original purchase, together with many more acres bought from time to time, allotted to several of his children. Of their eleven children eight are living: Willard, who married Luella AYhitcher, of Rice county, Kan.; Charles D. and wife, in this township : Josephine, wife of James H. AVhite, and Emma G., wife of W. S. White, of Osage county, Kan.; Lizzie, wife of Robert Black, of Bureau county. 111.; May D., wife of Major Andrew Ames, of Osceola; Jennie and Ida M., residing at home. In politics he was democratic, but now looks favorably on the Greenback party. He has filled all township offices except that of supervisor, and in school matters has been a director or trustee for over twenty years. In society afifairs he is a Mason and a member of the Osceola o^rano-e or farmers' association. He is not connected with anv religious denomination, but gives to all material recognition and support.

A. J. Sturm, who was born May 21, 1830, in Shelby county, Ohio, is the son of Henry and Catherine (Dalrymple) Sturm, the former born in Mason countv. Kv., January 29. 1791, the latter in South Carolina, February 5, 1795, where her people were among the Quaker farmers. The Sturms were of Dutch origin. Ilenrv and his familv of five sons and six daughters settled in Elmira Township in 1838, on lands which he located in 1835. There his wife died in 1862, and himself in 1864. Of their five sons and six dauo-hters, all the sons and five daughters survive. A. J. Sturm, the eighth child and youngest son, grew to manhood here, followed farming successfully until 1875, when he engaged in other business. On Februaiy 25, 1856, he mari'ied Miss Harriet Leason, who died February 7, 1868. Their children were, Will- lam H., Mary E., Eliza H., Ella A., Curtiss A., Charles Oscar, and an adopted son of grandmother Leason. On September 26, 186-), he married Miss Flora A. Mix, who passed away in February, ISTO, leaving two sons and one daughter - Hubert E., Bessie I., and Wilbur L. Tlie Sturm family, of which he has been and is a useful member, occupy a large place in the economy of the county. A. J. in earlier years was officially connected with Elmira Township, and later with Osceola, as related in the sketches of these divisions of the county. He joined the Odd Fellows in 1860, and since has been a member of the lodge. ( Vide Llmira and Toidon History.)

Seth Stuart, born in Yermont, is the f.on of John and Wealthy (Willa) Stuart. John Stuart was born in Glasgow, Scotland, coming to America when he was but seven years old-; here learned tiie carpenter's trade, and was engaged in this trade the greater j^art of his life. Seth learned the trade ot carpenter with his father, but when he had oTown to manhood he engaged in farming. He married Miss Sally Harvey, to whom ten children were born, six of whom still live, nainely : Abbey, wife of John Jackson; Cynthia, married, living in Neponset, in J]ureau county ; Lanra A., unmarried, living with parents in Osceola; David, married, living in Brown county, Neb.; Solon, married, living in Oskaloosa, Iowa; William H., living with parents in Osceola Township.

Augustus Stillman Thompson was born at Montville, Penobscot Co., Me., April 8, 1839. His father, Benjamin M. Thompson, served with the Maine militia during the frontier troubles. His mother was Miss Ann McLaughlin, of okl Irisli Revolutionary stock in that State. The family came from Freedom, Me., in 1856, to Stark county. Bradford F., referred to fully in the history of Toulon ; Augustus S., Charles It., a grain merchant, and George II., on the home farm, accompanied their father. The second son, Auo-ustus, was euffiio-ed in farmino' here until 1862, when he eiilisted in Company B, One-hundred-and-Twelfth Infantry. He served in all the battles of this command until its muster out. [Vide Mil. ('/).) After the war he resumed farming, and continued thereat until 1871, when he established his present business. In 1859 he married Miss Sarah, daughter of Alex. Fowler, of this township. Their children are : Balj)h, a student of the Polytechnic school of Terre Haute, Ind.; Cora and Albert, attending the "Bradford schools ; Isadora, the lirst-born, died in 1862, and rests in the cemetery here. A reference to the history of the Baptist church, township and village official history and sketches of the Masonic, Odd P'ellow and G. A. K. associations, will more clearly point out the relations of this family to the county than anything which might be written here.

Joseph E. ^¥eed, born at Stamford, Conn., in 1816, is the son of John O. and Sarah M. (Gill) Weed, the former a native of Connecticut, the latter a native of Chautauc[ua county. New York. John O. was the son of Joseph and Mary Weed, both natives of Connecticut, the former a tailor, whose ancestors came from France. John O. was a blacksmith. He was married in 1842, removed to this state in 1853, located in Toulon and engaged in blacksmithing. In 1883 he removed to Neponset, and engaged in blacksmithing and farming there until 1ST9, when lie came to Bradford. In 1882 he settled at Eiverside, California. He had a family of nine children, six of whom are living, namely: Mary, wife of Otis D\'er, of Riverside, Cal.; Joseph E., Frank L., Judson, Nellie E., and Bayard, of Los Angeles, Cal. Joseph E. Weed s})ent his younger 3^ears attending school and working in the shop with his father. In the spring of 1864 he enlisted in Company B. 3od Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered out as corporal at Springfield in Decendjer, 1866. Returning to Xeponset he learned the blacksmith trade. He was married in Se[)tember, 1874, to Mary Bates, a native of Illinois, whose parents came from England. After his marriacre he was engao-ed in the sewina- machine business. In 187K moved to Bradford and enoao-ed in the blacksmith trade. To Mr. and

Mrs. Weed four children were born. Thomas, Emma G., Xelson G. and George E., the three first named attending school. He is a meml)er of Dickerson Post. In politics he is Republican : is not a member of any church, l)ut lends his support to the Bajitist church. Mrs. Weed is a member of the Methodist society.

Wa-shingfon White, who opened a clothing house at Bradford in ISTl, and sold to H. P. Hopkins cVr Co. in 1872, is now a resident of Rusliford, X. Y.

jS^aonii Wiho,(\hoY\\ in Vermont in 1813, married Wm. Wilcox in 1836. died near Bradford. April IS. 1883. Her husband died here, aged 74 years. April 22. 1883.

JoJiii Winslotr. an old settler of Bradford, died in May. 1882, aged 73 years. He was a native of Maine, came to Bradford aVjout 1837, and moved to Geneva, 111., in 1S75.

Cah'in Wir/s/ow, born February 21. 1780, was the son of Shubel W., born September 20. 1735, who died in 1821. and brother of Luther W., born Fel)i-uarv 28, 1782, who died in 1783. The family is traced l)ack to Kenelm, born at Droitoitch. England, in 1.599, who died in 1672, to his son Kenelm. born about 1637. died in 1715, to his grandson Samuel W.. born abont 1674. and to Thomas W.. l)orn June 7, 1711. who died in 1782 - the father of Dr. Shubel AV. Winslow. The name is on the roll of j)ioneers of this county, and meets with very fair treatment in the general as well as in the township history.