Carroll County, Indiana - Biographical sketches, 1916 (part 10 of 12)

Mr. and Mrs. David Hufford have had ten children, eight of whom are living. Mary is the wife of Jacob Hetrick, of near Rossville, Clinton county, Indiana ; Catherine died in middle age ; Eldo lives in Los Angeles, Cali¬ fornia; Joshua is a resident of Rossville, Indiana; Eliza is at home; Will¬ iam lives on the farm in Clinton county and operates the home place; Edward died at the age of thirteen years; Jennie is at home; Irvin lives in Frankfort, Indiana; Vernon lives at home and assists in the operation of the home farm.

Mr. Hufford owns two hundred and forty-four acres of land, of which two hundred and thirty acres are in Carroll county and the balance in Clin¬ ton county. The land has all been cleared by members of the Hufford family. When the late Abraham Hufford entered the land it was covered with timber. Deer and turkey were plentiful and roamed the woods.

During the past five years Mr. Hufford has been living retired. He and his good wife celebrated their golden wedding anniversary on Decem¬ ber 4, 1914. Both are devout members of the United Brethren church, and Mr. Hufford is a stanch Democrat.

Manford E. Gilliam

The routine of private life, although of vast importance to the welfare of a community, has not figured to any extent in history, but the names of men who have distinguished themselves in agriculture and who have enjoyed the respect and confidence of those around them should not be permitted to perish. Their examples are most valuable and their lives are well worthy of consideration. Man ford E. Gilliam, for example, is a prosperous farmer of Jefferson township, Carroll county, Indiana, and owns one hundred and sixty acres of well-improved land. Moreover, he is a well-known citizen.

Mr. Gilliam was bom in Jefferson township, this county, in 1862, and is the son of Robert and Susan (Elston) Gilliam, the former of whom was born in Jefferson township, September 3, 1840, the son of Benoni and Olive (Kenworthy) Gilliam. Benoni Gilliam was a native of Tennessee and his wife of near West Point, Indiana. They were farmers by occupation.

Mr. Gilliam's parents, Robert and Susan (Elston) Gilliam, were mar¬ ried on June 6, i860, and to them were born four children, namely: One died in infancy; Manford E., the subject of this sketch; Flora E., who is the wife of S. S. Scott, of Jefferson township, and Olive, who is the wife of William Goslee, of Jefferson township. The late Robert Gilliam was a farmer by occupation. His widow is still living on the old homestead.

Manford E. Gilliam was educated in the district schools of Jefferson township and lived at home with his parents until his marriage on Septem¬ ber 25, 1884, to Laura Berkshire, the daughter of Martin and Margaret (Steele) Berkshire, the former of whom was a native of Cass county, Indiana, and the latter born in White county. They were married in White county and began housekeeping in Cass county, where they were farmers by occupation. They were the parents of eight children, two of whom, Mary and James, are deceased. The latter died at the age of twenty years. The six living children are: William, of Cass county; Laura, the wife of Mr. Gilliam; Newton, of Cass county; Bertha, the wife of Judson Eldridge, of White county; Ira, of Cass county, and Nellie, the wife of Clarence Therson, of Kewana, Iowa. Mrs. Gilliam's mother died in August, 1900, and her father lives with his children.

Mr. and Mrs. Manford E. Gilliam are the parents of five children, all of whom are living, Ray, Ethel, Robert, Russell and Margaret. Ray, bom on August 31, 1885, is a graduate of Monticello high school and lives in Tippecanoe township. He married Delia Cook and they have one daughter.

Laura. Ethel is the wife of Roy Hildebrand, of Deer Creek township, and has one daughter, Margaret. Robert, Russell and Margaret live at home.

Mrs. Manford E. Gilliam is a member of the Christian church, of Hickory Grove. Mr. Gilliam is identified with the Republican party, but has never been especially active in politics, having devoted his attention rather to the business of farming.

Paul Burkhalter

Paul Burkhalter is a well-to-do farmer of Clay township, Carroll county, Indiana, where he owns one hundred and sixty acres of wellimproved land. Since 1907 Mr. Burkhalter has been living retired on his farm. He is a native of Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, born on December 7, 1846.

Mr. Burkhalter's parents were William and Eliza (Fatzinger) Burk¬ halter, both of whom were bom in Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, and were married in that state. They had seven children, Josephine, Katherine, William H., Paul, Levi, Daniel and Nathan. Josephine married Philip Bush, now deceased. She lives at Mulberry, Indiana. Katherine married Alexander Beard. They are residents of Oklahoma. William H. lives in Frankfort, Indiana. Paul is the subject of this sketch. Levi lives at Edna Mills, Indiana. Daniel is a resident of Clay township. Nathan died at the age of nineteen.

The late William Burkhalter, father of these children, removed to Carroll county, Indiana, from Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, in 1849, and purchased forty-nine acres of land in connection with a grist- and saw-mill, in partnership with a man by the name of Joseph Steckel. After operating the farm and mills for four years, Mr. Burkhalter sold out and in 1853 settled on one hundred and sixty acres of land in Clay township, this county, which is now owned by his son, Paul. The father spent the remainder of his life in this township and passed away at the age of eighty-six, in 1899. His wife had died previously, at the age of eighty-six. They were both mem¬ bers of the Reformed church.

Educated in the district schools of Clay township, Carroll county, Indiana, Paul Burkhalter remained at home with his parents until June 3, 1873, when he was married to Mary C. Gheres, and to this union were bom four children, Irvin, Cora, Charles and Ida. Irvin married Cynthia Mellin- ger, and they have one daughter, Ruth. They live on the home farm. Cora is the wife of William M. Campbell, of Clay township. Charles W. lives near Frankfort, Indiana. He married Pearl Shedron, who is deceased. Ida is the wife of William Snyder, of Indianapolis. The mother of these chil¬ dren, Mrs. Paul Burkhalter, died on May 29, 1915. She was a member of the Reformed church, as is also her husband.

Mr. Burkhalter has been a member of the Clay township advisory board, having been elected to the position as a Democrat. Although inter¬ ested in casual way in politics, Mr. Burkhalter has devoted most of his time, energy and talent to farming. He is a good man and a good citizen and one who is well known in this township.

Henry J. Butz

One of the strong, self-reliant and determined characters of Clay town¬ ship, Carroll county, Indiana, who served two terms as treasurer of Carroll county and one term of six years as trustee of Clay township, is Henry J. Butz. He is an unassuming man, but his great force of character, his zeal and his energy naturally place him in the front rank of the leading citizens of this county. He has lived an honorable and industrious life, both private and public.

Henry J. Butz was born on January 19, 1856, in Lehigh county, Penn¬ sylvania, and is the son of Tilghman and Eliza (Newhart) Butz, both of whom were natives of Lehigh county. They were married in that county and, after living there for some years, came to Carroll county, Indiana. Tilghman Butz was a carpenter in the early part of his life, but he had grown to manhood on a farm and for some years operated a grist-mill in Lehigh county. He sold the mill in 1863 and brought the family to Carroll county. They settled on a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in Clay township, where both father and mother spent the remainder of their lives. They had three children, two sons and one daughter, of whom two, Samuel and Magdelina, are deceased. The former died in June, 1913, in Carroll county, and the latter died at the age of two years. Henry J. is the only living child. Mr. Butz's parents were members of the Reformed church and died in this state.

married to Lucy A. Sheigley, a daughter of Robert and Sarah (More) Sheigley, who had two children, Lucy A., the wife of Mr. Butz, and Mor¬ ton C. Sheigley. The father of these children, Robert Sheigley, was drowned in the explosion of the "Sultana," while returning home after having been paroled as a prisoner of war. After his death, his widow mar¬ ried James Gray. They had three children, all of whom are living. Shelby G. lives in Cass county; L. D. was the second born, and Elizabeth F. lives at home. Mrs. Sarah (More) Gray died on October 18, 1898.

Mr. and Mrs. Henry J. Butz have had five children, four of whom are living, as follow: Ward T., Harvey M., William J. and Faith E. Ward T. married Grace Ely. They have one son, Gordon Ely. They live in Erie, Pennsylvania. Harvey M. married Lennie Thomas, and they have one son, Henry Thomas. William J. is at home. Faith E. is also at home.

Mr. Butz owns two hundred and twenty-five acres of well-improved land and makes a specialty of raising Shorthorn cattle and Chester White hogs.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Butz are members of the Reformed church. Mr. Butz is a Republican in politics. He was the first Republican ever elected in Clay township as trustee. He served also as treasurer of Carroll county and has filled several minor positions of trust and responsibility. Not long ago he was appointed supervisor in Clay township by a Democratic trustee, although Mr. Butz himself is a Republican. He is held in high regard by the people in Clay township and, of course, is very well known because of the public position he has filled with so great credit.

The physician is indeed a benefactor to mankind, for to him, more than to any other man, is entrusted the safety, the comforts and, in many instances, the lives of those who are placed under his care. Dr. Frank P. Lyons is not only a well-known physician and surgeon of Flora, Indiana, but he is a "live wire" in the commercial development of Flora and vicinity. Having been one of the promoters of the incorporation of the town of Flora and the president of the first board of trustees, there is no man living in Carroll county who has contributed more to the development of this sec¬ tion of the county than Doctor Lyons. He is interested in most of the com¬ mercial and financial enterprises of the community and is a genius, both for organization and execution. He is president of the Flora Telephone Com¬ pany, a stockholder in the First National Bank and a member of the firm of Charles T. Minnix & Company, contractors. Moreover, Dr. Frank P. Lyons is a farmer and owns three hundred and twenty acres of land in this county, which he oversees in connection with the other business interestsand the demands of his profession.

Dr. Frank P. Lyons, one of the leading citizens of Flora, and a popu¬ lar physician and surgeon, was born in Fayette county, Indiana, October 26, 1852. His parents were George and Eunice (Maple) Lyons, the former of whom was born in Fayette county, Indiana, September 1, 1825. He was the son of Abraham Lyons. Abraham Lyons came to Fayette county, Indiana, when a lad. He married a Miss Veach, near Elquina, and was one of the pioneers of Fayette county. The marriage ceremony was performed by Squire Wilson in 1819. Abraham Lyons was a merchant at Lyons Sta¬ tion. He and his wife were the parents of eight children.

George Lyons was reared on a farm near Connersville, Indiana, and received a good common-school education in the public schools of the county. Of the children born to George and Eunice (Maple) Lyons, only three are living at the present time, Dr. Frank P., the subject of this sketch; Emma, the widow of A. B. Smith, of Ida, Kansas, and Alice, the wife of Lewis Ray, of Sims, Indiana. There were four other children, two of whom died in infancy.

Frank P. Lyons was reared on a farm in Fayette county, Indiana, and was educated in the district schools of the neighborhood, but he had better educational advantages than most boys of his day and generation, having been permitted to attend the high school at Converse. Afterward he became, a teacher and taught several years in the schools of Randolph and Howard counties, Indiana. In the meantime, he attended the Northern Indiana Nor¬ mal School at Valparaiso, Indiana, and, after he had taken up the study of medicine, continued teaching for some time. Having entered the medical college of Indiana University, he was graduated with the class of 1881 and received the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He began the practice of medi¬ cine at Kokomo, Indiana, where he remained for less than a year. After¬ ward he located at Wheeling, Carroll county, where he practiced medicine for eleven years. In 1893 Doctor Lyons came to Flora and has practiced here ever since. He is a member of the Carroll County Medical Society, the Indiana State and American Medical Associations.

received a liberal education in the public schools of Howard county. Doctor and Mrs. Lyons have two living children, Millie, a graduate of the local high school, is the wife of Daniel G. Cromer, of Flora, and Esther, who was graduated from the Flora high school in 1915. Emma, who was a graduate of the high school, is deceased; one child died in infancy and one at the age of fourteen years.

Dr. and Mrs. Frank P. Lyons are members of the Baptist church. Doctor Lyons is not only one of the deacons of the church but also one of the trustees. Fraternally, he is a member of Flora Lodge No. 605, Free and Accepted Masons, and is also one of the trustees of the lodge. In a strictly partisan sense, Dr. Frank P. Lyons is not a politician, but, in a larger sense of the word - from the standpoint of public service - not only is he a politician, but he is a most capable and active one. Everybody in Flora and vicinity knows Dr. Frank P. Lyons and everyone admires him for his worth as a man and a citizen.

Adam Rodenbarger

Adam Rodenbarger, a native of Tippecanoe county and a well-known retired farmer of Clay township, where he owns eighty acres of land, is the son of Wolfgang and Margaret (Swona) Rodenbarger, both of whom were natives of Germany and who emigrated to America early in life. They were married in New York and, after coming west, located in Clay county, Indiana, where they remained for some time. They then removed to Tippe¬ canoe county and finally to Ross township, Clinton county, in i860. There they owned one hundred and fourteen acres of land and lived until their death. Wolfgang Rodenbarger died in March, 1895, and his w^e one Year later, in March, 1896. They were devout members of the Lutheran church.

To Wolfgang and Margaret (Swona) Rodenbarger were bom six chil¬ dren, two of whom are deceased. The children were John, Catherine, David, Hannah, Adam and Leah. John, the first born, whose widow is now living in Pyrmont, died in 1912. Catherine is the wife of Charles Pantle, of Deer Creek township. David died at the age of fourteen years. Hannah is the wife of John Fogle. They live in Rossville and own the old home¬ stead. Adam is the subject of this sketch. Leah is the wife of William Fogle, of Clay county.

county and was educated in the common schools of Ross township, Clinton county, Indiana. He lived at home with his parents until November 1, 1881, when he was married to Margaret Neher, a daughter of Henry J. and Nancy J. (Lewis) Neher, natives of Virginia and Clinton county, Indiana, respectively. They were married in Clinton county, Indiana, Henry J. Neher having come with his parents to Ross township from the Old Domin¬ ion state. Mrs. Rodenbarger's father died in 1906 and her mother in 1912. Both were members of the Progressive Brethren church. They had four children, Ellen, Margaret, Rilly and Manson. Ellen married Wade Thomp¬ son, of Delphi. Margaret is the wife of Mr. Rodenbarger. Rilly is the wife of Charles Shank, of Cambia, Clinton county, Indiana. Dr. Manson Neher is a resident of Utah.

To Mr. and Mrs. Adam Rodenbarger have been born five children, Willard, Mertie, Iva, Artus and Opal. Willard is a resident of St. Paul, Minnesota. Mertie is the wife of Art Cauble, of Indianapolis, Indiana. Iva is the wife of Austin Lemmer, of Indianapolis. Artus lives in Chicago. Opal lives at home with her parents.

Mr. Rodenbarger is a Democrat and served two terms as supervisor in Clay township. Both Mr. and Mrs. Rodenbarger and daughter are mem¬ bers of the Baptist church at Owasco.

Joseph L. Grantham

Joseph L. Grantham, a widely-known retired farmer of Delphi, Indiana, is the scion of a prominent family of Carroll county. His father, John Grantham, was judge of the probate court of Carroll county from 1842 to 1850. From his mother, who was a native of Wales, Mr. Grantham has inherited perhaps his enterprise and thrift, which have been important fac¬ tors in his most successful career. Having inherited a part of his father's farm of two hundred and sixty acres in Adams township at the death of his father, on October 25, 1851, he purchased the interest of the other heirs and still owns the old homestead, today one of the most magnificent farms in Carroll county.

Born in Carroll county, March 29, 1832, Joseph L. Grantham has been a resident of the county all of his life. He was bom in Deer Creek town- ship about four years after his father had emigrated to Carroll county from Virginia. Having lived at home until twenty years old, he worked at farm work at thirteen dollars a month for two years, saving his money and accu¬ mulating a good-sized "nest-egg/* In two years he not only had considerable money laid aside but also had good clothes, which he had bought and paid for. In the meantime he had purchased a two-year-old colt on credit, but he was soon able to pay for it and later sold the colt for seventy-five dollars, making a profit of thirty-eight dollars. He then bought another horse for seventy dollars and sold it for one hundred and two dollars, making a profit of thirty-two dollars. This was Mr. Grantham's start in life. Shortly afterward he began farming on the old home place, to which he succeeded by inheritance, and purchase at his father's death and was continuously engaged in farming until 1913, when he rented out the farm and moved to Delphi, where he purchased a nice home.

Mr. Grantham's parents were John and Sarah (Jeffries) Grantham. Judge John Grantham was born in Berkeley county, Virginia, and his wife in Wales. The father died on October 25, 1851, at the age of fifty-one, and the mother on March 15, 1840. They were the parents of five children, William, deceased; Sarah Ann, deceased, who married Simon Swalle; Joseph L., the subject of this sketch, and two who died early in life.

Mr. Grantham's paternal grandfather was the father of six children, Joseph, Louis, John, Moses, Eliza and Polly. His maternal grandfather, who had come to America from Wales, served in the Revolutionary War and was killed in the battle of Bunker Hill, leaving two daughters, Sarah and Lydia, the former of whom was Mr. Grantham's mother.

On October 25, 1855, Joseph L. Grantham was married to Rachel A. Shaffer, the daughter of George and Lorraine (Edmunds) Shaffer. Four children have been born to this union, Emma Belle, Mary Ella, Lewis and Anna. Emma Belle died when a little more than a year old. Mary Ella died in 1897 and was wife of Wilson Coble. Anna was born on March 25, 1865, and died on August 7, 1880. Lewis is a well-to-do farmer and lives in Delphi. He married Elizabeth Million and has two children, Luther and Wilbur. Mrs. Grantham was born on January 22, 1834, and died on March 8, 1914. at the age of eighty years.

Mr. and Mrs. Grantham lived together for fifty-eight years. They were both members of the Church of God. Mrs. Grantham was a native of Carroll county, having been born in Deer Creek township. Her parents had come to Ohio in pioneer times. They were the parents of eleven children,

Although Mr. Grantham is an ardent Democrat and has served as justice of the peace for one term, he has never been an office seeker. As a matter of fact, Joseph L. Grantham has been too busily occupied with the business of farming. Moreover, he has been too keenly interested in home and domestic life and has never especially cared for a public career. Today he is one of the most highly respected citizens of Carroll county.

Edwin A. Spangler

Dealing in general merchandise, Edwin A. Spangler represents one of the substantial business enterprises of Deer Creek, where he has, through upright and straightforward dealings, placed himself beyond the pale of anxious concern in regard to his financial success. His long years of experience in his vocation have given him a valuable understanding of the worth of each line handled in his well-stocked store, where his customers are served with courteous promptness.

Edwin A. Spangler, general merchant, Deer Creek, Carroll county, was born May 20, 1872, in Washington township, and is a son of Henry and Naomi (Schaff) Spangler. He received a good education at the public and high schools, after which he entered Indiana University, where he took a scientific course, covering a period of two years. After finishing his edu¬ cation, Mr. Spangler taught school for two years, and then engaged in his present business. Politically, he is a Republican, while his religious mem¬ bership is with the Lutheran church, of which he officiates as one of the trustees. Fraternally, he belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Morse Lodge No. 477, at Deer Creek.

Henry Spangler, the father of Edwin A., was born in Butler county, Ohio, spending his youth on a farm, and was married prior to coming to Carroll county, Indiana, to which union four children were bom, Mary, Lydia, Eliza and John. Mary, deceased, became the second wife of S. P. Zeck; Lydia died in young womanhood; Eliza was the first wife of S. P. Zeck, and John died when a young man. Henry Spangler was married, secondly, to Naomi Schaff, and Edwin A. Spangler was the only child born to this union. Henry Spangler died when Edwin A. was but three years old, and Mrs. Spangler spent the remainder of her life in Deer Creek.

Edwin A. Spangler was united in marriage on April i, 1906, to Lillie Clark, daughter of Matthew I. and Lavina (Tinkle) Clark. She was born on October 2, 1880, in Democrat township, Carroll county, Indiana. Four children have been born to this union: Charles C., now in his eighth year and a student of the public school ; Donavan, who is four years old ; Arthur, who is in his third year, and Frieda Ruth, who is in her first year.

Mr. Spangler was originally associated in the mercantile business under the firm name of Spangler & Lenon, which was changed at the end of three years to the partnership name of Spangler & Jones, under which the busi¬ ness is carried on at present, and which, through careful attention to every detail, is a representative business of Deer Creek.

Solomon Ulrey

Solomon Ulrey, a prosperous farmer of Clay township and the pro¬ prietor of one hundred and seventy-one acres of land, which his father entered from the government in 1832, is a native of Clay township and was born on the farm where he now lives, June 28, 1852.

Mr. Ulrey's parents were Jacob and Susan (Ulrey) Ulrey, the former of whom was born near Dayton, Ohio, November 1, 1809, and the latter in the Buckeye state, April 13, 1811. They were married in the Buckeye state and in 1832 immigrated to Clinton county, Indiana, entering the land which the son now occupies in that year. In 1833 Jacob Ulrey built a house on the farm and spent the winter in a cabin which had no floor. He erected practically all of the buildings on the farm, but in late years these have been replaced by others. He owned at one time about three hundred and twenty acres, most of which he cleared before his death. He died on July 10, 1882, and his wife died on December 21, 1872. Both were members of the Brethren church. Jacob Ulrey was a stanch Republican.

Jacob and Susan Ulrey were the parents of ten children: Esther, born on January 19, 1832, in Ohio, married Samuel Foutz and both are now deceased; John, March 1, 1835, in Carroll county, is deceased; Catherine, November 19, 1837, is the widow of Daniel Metzger, of Clay township; Hannah, March 30, 1840, married Leonard Wagoner and lives in Clay township; Jacob I., March 20, 1842, lives in Troy, Montana; Susan, Janu¬ ary 1, 1844, was first married to David Simmons and, after his death, to John Root, who is now deceased, and she resided in Shawnee, Oklahoma, with her children until her death on October 30, 1915; Samuel, June 22, 1846, is deceased; Stephen, August 1, 1848, is deceased; Barbara, Novem¬ ber 27, 1849, *s the wife of Benjamin Reppert, of Clay township, and Solo¬ mon, the subject of this sketch.

Solomon Ulrey was educated in the district schools of Carroll county and lived at home with his parents until April, 1879, when he was married to Susan Ulrey, the daughter of John and Esther (Shively) Ulrey, who were born near Dayton, Ohio. Mrs. Ulrey 's parents moved to Carroll county about the same time as her husband's parents. She has borne her husband three children, Albert Ervin, who was bom on February 20, 1880, and lives at home; Ida Isabella, July 13, 1881, and died in infancy, and Lula Ellen, August 17, 1883, and married John W. Root, of Tippecanoe county.

Mr. Ulrey owns one hundred and seventy-one acres of land, all of which is well improved, a part of the tract entered in 1832 by his father. Not long ago he built a commodious house and a substantial barn on the farm to replace those erected by his father. Until the last year or two Mr. Ulrey has been heavily engaged in the cattle business.

A Republican in politics, Mr. Ulrey is a member of the Brethren church, as is also his wife and family. One would have to go very far to find a citizen of Clay township who is more highly respected than Solomon Ulrey; to find a man who has done more for the agricultural progress and prosper¬ ity of this section than he. He has a host of friends in Clay township and is well known throughout Carroll county.

Alfred W. Livingston

Among the prosperous farmers and older citizens of Democrat town¬ ship, Carroll county, Indiana, is Alfred W. Livingston, wh'o, although a little more than past the prime of life, has lived in this section of Indiana for more than fifty years. He owns one hundred and forty acres of land three-quarters of a mile from Prince William on the Prince William and Delphi pike.

Alfred W. Livingston was born in Huntington county, Pennsylvania, April 3, 1857, and is the son of John and Nancy (Silverthom) Livingston, the former of whom was born in Huntington county and the latter in Juniata county, Pennsylvania. The Silverthoms came originally from Holland and Alfred W. Livingston, the subject of this sketch, is a representative of the

John and Nancy (Silverthorn) Livingston were married and lived in Pennsylvania until about 1862, when they immigrated to Indiana. They lived for a few weeks at Star City and, after that, at Michigantown from April to August, 1862, when they purchased a farm near Rossville, in Clin¬ ton county, a tract of eighty acres. There they lived until their deaths. Alfred W. Livingston lived on that farm for thirty-one years. He pur¬ chased the farm after his father's death and erected new buildings. Some years ago Mr. Livingston purchased a tract of eighty acres, a part of the farm which he now owns and occupies. Since that time, however, he has added sixty acres and now owns altogether one hundred and forty acres.

On January 18, 1884, Alfred W. Livingston was married to Louisa Ball, the daughter of Jacob and Mahelia Ball, of Carroll county, Indiana. Mrs. Livingston's father was a native of Ohio and came to Indiana at an early date. Mr. and Mrs. Livingston have been the parents of seven chil¬ dren : John, who lives on a farm near Prince William; Frank, who lives in Clay township, Carroll county; Lucy, who lives at home with her parents; Dale, who married Anna Hufford, the daughter of John Hufford, and lives on a farm in Clay township; Lloyd, who is deceased; Russell, who lives at home, and Adrian, who also lives at home.

Mr. Livingston is a Republican in politics, although he has never taken any special part in the councils of his party. He has devoted his life rather to farming and to the interests of the farm. He has a host of friends in Democrat township, where he is well known.

James J. Reeder

James J. Reeder, former trustee of Carrollton township, and at present the clerk of the Carroll circuit court, is truly a self-made man, having made Jiis own way in the world since he was fifteen years old. He is a man who knows what it is to perform hard and exacting labor, having, at an immature age, begun work in a saw-mill, where he remained for two and one-half years. Until recent years, he was a farmer and a very successful one. After his election as trustee, he was, successively, in the automobile business, cashier of the Farmers State Bank of Camden, and manager of the Farm¬ ers Grain and Supply Company. The personal qualities which have made

Jamkk J. Ukkiikk Mrs. Lillie Helper

Mr. Reeder one of the prominent and successful citizens of Carroll county, have also won the unqualified esteem of his fellow citizens, as the various positions of trust and responsibility conferred upon him well prove. His career has been one of well-directed energy, unfailing determination of pur¬ pose and honorable methods.

James J. Reeder, clerk of the circuit court of Carroll county, is a native of Howard county, Indiana, born on July 29, 1856. His father, Walter S. Reeder, was a native of Ohio and of Pennsylvania Quaker stock, while his mother, Martha Melvina Rader, was a native of Tennessee. Walter S. Reeder, who was a farmer and saw-mill operator, was a soldier of the Civil War, having enlisted in 1862 in the Seventy-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving in Company C. In the campaigns of General Sherman, he received a severe gunshot wound. The paternal grandfather, Jonathan Reeder, mar¬ ried Cynthia Hancock, a cousin of Gen. W. S. Hancock. The maternal grandfather, Samuel Rader, was also of Quaker stock.

Walter S. Reeder came with his parents to Madison county, Indiana, when a mere lad. He later removed to Howard county, where he lived until a few years before his death, when he removed to Tipton county, dying in March, 1911. Jonathan Reeder built the first warehouse and the first store at Kokomo, Indiana. Mrs. Walter S. Reeder is still living. She bore her husband eleven children, of whom five, Taylor, Frank, John, Mattie and Hattie, are deceased. The living children are, James J., the subject of this sketch; Thomas B., an attorney at Duncan, Oklahoma; Josephine, the wife of William H. Hobbs, of near Russiaville, Indiana; Lulu, the widow of Will¬ iam Orr, of Kempton, Indiana; W. S., a hardware merchant of Atlanta, Illinois; Roxie, the wife of Lacey Catron, of Russiaville, Indiana.

James J. Reeder, the eldest child of his parents, lived on the farm prac¬ tically all his life, or until 1909. Born and reared on the farm, he came to Carroll county in 1872, and settled in Washington township. Three years later he removed to Carrollton township and until 1900, when he was elected trustee of Carrollton township on the Democratic ticket, was engaged in farming. He served for four years and in the fall of 1909 removed to Camden. During the fall and winter of that year, he was engaged in the automobile business. In June, 1910, Mr. Reeder was the cashier of the Farmers State Bank in Camden and served until January 1, 1911, when he took the management of the farmers Grain and Supply Company. He held this position until his election as county clerk, in November, 1912. He took office in the same month, having been elected on the Democratic ticket.

Mr. Reeder was married, on January 13, 1885, to Lillie C. Cornell, the daughter of John C. and Louisa C. (Been) Cornell. Mr. and Mrs. Reeder have had three children, one of whom, Fay, the second born, died at the age of fifteen years. Floyd C., who lives on the old home farm in Carrollton township, married Lydia Cripe, and they have two children, Meredith and Thomas. Walton John, who is twelve years old, lives at home with his parents.

James J. Reeder has for a number of years been prominent in Masonic circles. He is a member of all of the Masonic branches except the thirtythird degree, having advanced to the thirty-second degree in Scottish-rite Masonry, previous to which he took the degrees of the York Rite. He is also a Shriner. Mr. Reeder has been an Odd Fellow since he was twentyone years old, and is a member of all the branches of Odd Fellowship except the canton. He is also a member of the Knights of Pythias at Camden. Since February, 1879, or rather from 1879 until 1892, he was a member of the Camden Presbyterian church. In 1892 he joined the Lutheran church and is now an elder in the church at Camden. James J. Reeder is a wellread, well-informed, honorable and upright man and citizen, who has met squarely and fairly all of the responsibilities of life.

John L. Hanna

When a man has so impressed his personality on his fellow citizens as to win their confidence and attains the front rank of his profession, he becomes a conspicuous figure. Such a man is John L. Hanna, the senior member of the firm of Hanna & Hall, well-known lawyers of Delphi, Indi¬ ana. Mr. Hanna is a self-made man, having earned the money with which he was enabled to attend school. He read law at night and, since his entrance into the profession has supplemented his education and training by wide and practical reading. Like many of the successful men now living in Delphi, he was born and reared in the country and came to the county seat after attaining maturity.

Mr. Hanna is a native of Deer Creek township, born on February 15, 1871. His parents, Joseph W. and Amelia D. (Moore) Hanna, were bom in Carroll county and lived there all their lives. They own one hundred and twenty acres of land in Deer Creek township, where they lived until ten or twelve years ago, when they removed to Delphi and retired. Joseph W.

Hanna was a valiant soldier in the Civil War, but served only a short time, being mustered out on account of sickness. Joseph W. and Amelia D. (Moore) Hanna are members of the Christian church. They have had seven children, of whom two, Earl and Lillian, are deceased, the former dying at the age of three years and the latter at the age of six. Eva M. is the wife of Dr. Henry E. Tisch, of Wheatland, Wyoming. John L. lives in Delphi and is the subject of this sketch. Lola B. is unmarried. Pearl lives at home. Josephine M. is the wife of George S. Margowski, of Detroit, Michigan.

Mr. Hanna's paternal grandfather was a member of the Indiana Legis¬ lature and an officer in the state militia. He was a farmer by occupation and reared a family of five children, John, James, Joseph, Albert and Rachel. The maternal grandfather, Alexander S. Moore, was an early settler in Carroll county. He was a carpenter and farmer and built nearly all of the old grain elevators in this part of the county. At one time he operated a pot¬ tery at Delphi. He died at the age of eighty-three years and his wife some years younger. They had six children, Emeline, Amelia D., Penelope, Lillie B., Jessie and Cyrus.

Reared on a farm, John L. Hanna remained at home with his parents * until he was grown. In the meantime he had received a good commonschool education in the public schools of Deer Creek township. Later he attended the Normal school at Valparaiso, Indiana, and still later was a student at Purdue University. He taught school for four years and, on May 26, 1897, was graduated from the Indiana Law School at Indianapolis. Having been admitted to the Carroll county bar and to practice law in the state and federal courts, Mr. Hanna began practicing in Delphi on June 5, 1897. Previously, he had read law for one year under N. J. Howe and one year under M. A. Ryan, now of Indianapolis, Indiana. For eighteen months Mr. Hanna practiced law alone and then formed a partnership with Gus A. Hall, the style of the firm being Hanna & Hall.

On June 29, 1898, John L. Hanna was married to Elizabeth E. Whistler, the daughter of William T. and Melvina H. (Harner) Whistler, who was bom in Deer Creek township, Carroll county, Indiana, east of the city of Delphi, April 2, 1875. Mrs. Hanna's father died in 1898 but her mother is still living. The father was a farmer and a stock dealer. He and his wife had five children. Lucy, Florence, Elizabeth E., Fannie and Georgia. Mrs. Hanna's father had first married a Miss Wolf, by whom he had one child. Ora F. To Mr. and Mrs. John L. Hanna have been born five children, three of whom are living, Roger J., Ralph E. and Robert L.

Mr. and Mrs. Hanna and the two elder children are members of the Christian church. Mr. Hanna is a member of Delphi Lodge No. 48, Free and Accepted Masons and of Delphi Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. He also belongs to Delphi Lodge No. 80, Knights of Pythias, and to Lafayette Lodge No. 143, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. A Democrat in politics, Mr. Hanna was deputy prosecuting attorney for two years and was also master commissioner for three years. He is at present the county attorney of Carroll county, having been appointed by the board of county commis¬ sioners.

Joseph Washington Hanna

Joseph Washington Hanna, a retired farmer of Delphi, Indiana, is the scion of an old family in America and comes from patriotic stock. The family in Carroll county is descended from Robert Hanna, Sr., who was a brigadier-general in the American Revolution and his son, Robert Hanna, Jr., who was a brigadier-general in the War of 1812. Joseph Washington Hanna himself is a veteran of the great Civil War, having enlisted in 1864, in Company C, One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry. Company C, of this regiment, received the personal thanks of President Lincoln for valiant and meritorious sendee. Mr. Hanna was dis¬ charged by power of attorney during the latter part of 1864 on account of sickness. Mr. Hanna's father was a member of the Indiana Legislature for three terms, serving the first term in 1831 and the last when the new Con¬ stitution was adopted. He was also a colonel in the militia and held various offices, among which were those of county assessor and land appraiser.

Joseph W. Hanna was born in Deer Creek township, Carroll county, Indiana, in a log cabin six miles south of Delphi, December 9, 1841. His parents, Albert G. and Mary (Stoops) Hanna, were natives of North Caro¬ lina. The former came to Indiana about 1825 and located in Carroll county, entering land in Madison township. There he cleared and improved the farm but. subsequently, moved into Deer Creek township, where he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land, which he also cleared and improved and where he reared his family. Finally, he moved to Jasper county, Illinois, where he died. His wife died in 1855 at the age of fifty-two years. They were the parents of eight children, John Thomas, deceased ; Rachel Clarissa, deceased, who married Hiram Coan; James M., deceased, who died in Wash¬ ington, D. C., and was buried in the Arlington cemetery, having been a soldier in the Civil War; Adelina B., deceased, who was the wife of Daniel Julian; Joseph W., the subject of this sketch; Albert G., Jr., who lives near Effingham, Illinois, and two who died early in life.

The paternal grandparents of Joseph W. Hanna were Joseph W. and Sarah (Adair) Hanna, natives of North Carolina and among the early pioneers of Carroll county. They settled first on White Water, but soon afterward moved to Burlington township, where he cleared a small patch of ground and built a log cabin. He died on this farm, but his widow sur¬ vived him several years and passed away at the home of her son, Albert G. Both Joseph W. Hanna and his father, Robert Hanna, Jr., were soldiers in the War of 1812. Joseph W. and Sarah (Adair) Hanna were the parents of a large family of children, among whom were Harper, John M., Hannah, Lake. Albert G., Jane Abernathy, Oliver P., Joseph W. and George. Gen¬ eral Robert Hanna, Sr., not only was a general in the Revolutionary army but also furnished substantial means for the support of the Revolutionary cause.

After the death of his first wife, Albert G. Hanna, the father of Joseph W. Hanna, was married, secondly, to Mrs. Charlotte White, a widow, and to them were bom several children, among them being, Frank, Edward, Charity Hiatt and Lillie Cushman.

Joseph W. Hanna has lived in Carroll county all of his life with the exception of the year he spent as a soldier in the Civil War. He grew up on his father's farm and attended the district school. After the war, he was married and returned to farming, working by the month. Later he rented land and then bought forty acres in Deer Creek township, to which he added eighty acres and which he still owns. Mr. Hanna lived on the farm until 1899, when he moved to Delphi. Four years later he built his present home at the east end of Franklin street, where he owns about two acres of ground, comprising a magnificent country home.

On March 23, 1865, Joseph W. Hanna was married to Amelia D. Moore, the daughter of Alexander and Angeline (McFarland) Moore and who was born in Jackson township, Carroll county, Indiana. Mrs. Hanna's father was born in Butler county, Ohio, and lived to be eighty-three years old. He and his wife had six children, Emeline, Amelia D., Penelope, Lillie, Jessie and Cyrus. The last named child died in infancy. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Hanna was Jesse Moore, a native of Georgia and a pioneer in Jackson township, Carroll county, where he died of old age. Among his children were, Jonathan, Alexander and Nathan. The maternal

Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Joseph W. Hanna, Eva M., John L., Lola B., Pearl, Josephine, and two who died in early child¬ hood. Eva M. married Dr. H. E. Tisch, of Wheatland, Wyoming. John L., a lawyer in Delphi, married Elizabeth E. Whistler and has three sons, Roger J., Ralph E. and Robert L. Lola B. and Pearl are at home. Jose¬ phine married George Margowski, of Detroit, Michigan, and have had two children, one of whom is now living, John L.

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph W. Hanna are members of the Christian church. Fraternally, Mr. Hanna belongs to Boothroyd Post No. 31, Grand Army of the Republic. He is a Democrat in politics.

Philip Bernard Hemmig

Although a man still in the prime of life, Philip Bernard Hemmig, county superintendent of the Carroll county schools, has a record of rare consecration to educational work and well merits a place of honor in the history of Carroll county. His character has been one of. signal exaltation and purity of purpose. His mind is well disciplined and under his adminis¬ tration, during the past twelve years, the schools of Carroll county have enjoyed a remarkable period of growth and development. He is a man who thoroughly understands the needs of the rural schools, who has labored unceasingly in behalf of the most liberal educational advantages for the country boy and girl. Not only is he a leader in the educational work of the county, but during the past twelve years has forged to the front as a leader in all worthy enterprises and movements.

Philip Bernard Hemmig is a native of Carroll county, Indiana, born in Madison township, January 4, 1873. He is the son of James and Mary (Daily) Hemmig, natives, respectively, of Pennsylvania and Indiana. James Hemmig was two years old when brought to Carroll county, Indiana, by his parents. They settled one mile west of Radnor in Madison township, where James grew to manhood. He now resides with his son, Philip. His beloved wife is still living. For twenty years James Hemmig was road supervisor. James and Mary (Daily) Hemmig had only two children, Philip B., of Ocklev and the subject of this sketch and Frank, of the same place.

Hemmig, natives of Reading and Berks county, Pennsylvania. Reading is the principal city of Berks county. Philip Hemmig was a carpenter by occupation. He and his wife came to Carroll county in 1852, locating in Madison township. He died here in the prime of life and his wife died on May 9, 1903, at an advanced age. Of their children, only one, James, the father of Philip Bernard, is now living.

The maternal grandparents of Philip B. Hemmig were Frank and Bridget (Sales) Daily. Frank Daily was born in Sharker, County Cavan, Ireland, in 1804, and came to America when twelve years old. He died in Delphi in 1869. The rest of his family remained in the old country. Frank Daily lived for a while in Lafayette, but later removed to Carroll county. His first wife was Matilda Wilson, and to this union were born five chil¬ dren, Judge Barney, Jane, Margaret. Bridget and John. Frank Daily was married, secondly, to Bridget Sales, who was born in Ballinasloe, County Galway, Ireland, January 2, 1832, and came to America in 1844, joining her father at Lafayette, her father having come to America in 1833. Mr. and Mrs. Daily were married at Lafayette and later moved to Delphi.

Frank and Bridget (Sales) Daily were the parents of nine children, Katie, Mary, Tillie, Frank, Thomas, Frank, Patrick, Frank and Edward. All the boys, except Thomas and the last Frank, died in infancy. Thomas, Frank and Mary live in Delphi; Mrs. Katie Donnan and Mrs. Tillie Nizer live at Toledo, Ohio. In 1870 Mrs. Bridget Daily was married to William Toole, a veteran of the Civil War. To this union three boys were born, John, Robert and Bernard. John and Bernard are deceased. Mrs. Toole is still living. Mary Daily was born on December 17, 1854, at Delphi. She was married to James Hemmig in 1872.

Philip Bernard Hemmig was reared on his father's farm and attended the country schools. He then entered the Central Normal College at Dan¬ ville, where he was a student for three years. He was graduated from the law department in 1896. He began teaching in 1891 and continued in the educational work until 1903, when he was elected superintendent of the Carroll county public schools, a position which he now holds.

Some years ago Philip B. Hemmig was married to Nora Loy, the daugh¬ ter of Empson L. and Fidelia (Clawson) Loy, and a native of Michigan. Mrs. Hemmig's mother was born in Iowa. Both of her parents are now living at Ockley. Her father was a soldier in the Civil War. He and his wife had four children, Charles L., Zelda, Audra and Nora. Fidelia Claw¬ son is a daughter of George* and Nancy Elizabeth (Ball) Clawson. Her father was killed on Sugar creek when a threshing engine exploded. Mr.

and Mrs. George Clawson were the parents of seven children : Ella, deceased; Rebecca, deceased; Fidelia, Peter, Mary, John, and Thomas, deceased.

Philip B. Hemmig is a member of Mt. Olive Lodge No. 48, Free and Accepted Masons; Delphi Chapter No. 21, Royal Arch Masons; Delphi Commandery No. 40, Knights Templar; and is also a member of Murat Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Hemmig expects to be a member of the Scottish Rite, at Indianapolis. He belongs to Delphi Lodge No. 80, Knights of Pythias, and to the uniform rank; also to Carroll Lodge No. 174, Inde¬ pendent Order of Odd Fellows, and to the Delphi encampment. He is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men. Professor Hemmig is identi¬ fied with the Democratic party.

To retire on the proceeds of twenty-six years of labor, on a forty-acre farm, requires ability of no mean caliber, and the man who can thus demon¬ strate his worth to a community deserves the highest praise. Most agricul¬ turists think forty acres not more than enough for a bare living and if any more is attempted, their competency must be endangered by mortgaging the farm, but W. F. Appenzellar of Burlington township, Carroll county, Indiana, has proven that honest and well-directed effort will bring the desired result from forty acres as well as from one hundred and sixty acres, or more.

The farm belonging to VV. F. Applezellar is located two and one-half miles north of Burlington, Indiana, on the Michigan road. He was born in Darwin, Carrollton township, Carroll county, Indiana, on February 20, 1867, and is the son of Henry C. and Sarah A. (Dunkin) Appenzellar. Henry C. Appenzellar was born in Pennsylvania, migrating to Indiana at an early date, with his parents. They settled in Darwin, Indiana, but removed from there to Burlington, Indiana, where they opened a hotel: This hotel was operated by them for some years, when they returned to their farm in Burlington township. Henry C. Appenzellar remained on the home place, where he followed farming and plastering until his marriage to Sarah A. Dunkin, who was born in Carrollton township, near the home of Ed

Avres. After his marriage, Henry C. Appenzellar removed to Darwin, but later purchased property, near Burlington, which his son, W. F. Appen¬ zellar now owns. Henry C. Appenzellar and his wife were the parents of eight children, two of whom are now living: Barbara Luella, wife of J. B. Gillum, living in Howard county, Indiana, and W. F. Appenzellar, who remained at home and took full charge of the place after his father's death, which occurred when W. F. Appenzellar was twenty-one years of age.

W. F. Appenzellar, at the time he assumed charge of the farm, decided to make the improvements that were needed, and himself erected the barn apd other outbuildings on the place. His mother resided with her son until two years before her death. W. F. Appenzellar was educated in the district and common schools of Carroll county, Indiana, and during these years the responsibilities incumbent upon him developed a strength of character which has piloted him to success and made him the subject of the highest respect and esteem by his fellow citizens.

W. F. Appenzellar is a member of Burlington Lodge No. 77, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is also an earnest and ardent worker in the Baptist church at Sharon, Indiana. In politics, he is a stanch Republican and is to be depended upon whenever needed. His intense interest in everything pertaining to questions of agriculture has made him an authority in his chosen line of endeavor, and his advice is much sought after by others who are striving for success in that field. He has now retired from active work on his farm, but still manages and controls it. He has set a high standard and reached the goal for which he has striven.

Jacob H. Nace

Among the magnificent farms situated near Delphi, in Deer Creek town¬ ship, Carroll county, Indiana, are fifty-two and three-fourths acres of fine land belonging to Jacob H. Nace, the land being situated at the north edge of Delphi.

Jacob H. Nace is a native of Guernsey county, Ohio, born on December 2 1, 1850. He is the son of Eli and Temperance (Chidister) Nace, the former of whom was bom in Pennsylvania and the latter, born in Ohio. They were married in Guernsey county, Ohio, and had six children, of whom only two are living. The children are, Thomas, William F., Martha, Ann, Edward, and Jacob H., the subject of this sketch. Thomas, who was bom

-on December 21, 1840, was a member of Company F, Forty-sixth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry and was killed in the Civil War. His twin brother, William F., was also in Company F, and was wounded in the same battle in which his brother was killed, that of Champion's Hill. William F. Nace served three years and two months and after the war returned to Delphi, where he married Sarah F. Tabler, on February 15, 1876. He was engaged in farming and lived in this county until his death, in 1907. He was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic post at Delphi. Mrs. William F. Nace, who survived her husband, is living at Brookston, White county. Of the other children, Martha married J. S. Clyne and died in March, 1914. at Patton, Indiana; Edward, who served during the Civil War in an Indiana regiment, died in January, 1913; Ann is the widow of John Bailey, and lives at Patton; Jacob H. is the subject of this sketch.

Eli and Temperance (Chidister) Nace removed from Guernsey county, Ohio, to Marion, Indiana, in 1851. Eli Nace there engaged in farming, in butchering and in the operation of a canal boat, which he ran for six years from Lafayette to Lagro. He was also engaged in the hotel business .at Lagro.

Jacob H. Nace was reared in Carroll county, Indiana, having come here when a lad of six or seven years with his parents. His father farmed for about one year after selling his canal boat and passed away in 1858. Mr. Nace's mother died in December, 1876. She was a member of the New Light church. Jacob H. Nace received a common-school education and, on March 18, 1875, was married to Margaret A. Tabler, a daughter of Peter H. and Belinda (Daily) Tabler, the former of whom was born in Harrison -county, Indiana, and spent his early days in that county, while the latter also was torn in Harrison county. They had six children, five of whom are living. The children are, Priscilla Jane, Martha, Margaret A., Sarah, John and Laura. Priscilla Jane is the widow of Doctor Sampson, who lived at Brookston until his death, in 1913. Mrs. Sampson is still living at Brooks¬ ton. Martha was the wife of John Shaffer. They lived at Corydon, Indi¬ ana. but both are now deceased. Margaret is the wife of Mr. Nace. Sarah is the widow of Frank Nace. John died at the age of two. Laura is the wife of Jacob Metz, of Evanston, Illinois.

Mrs. Nace's father was a farmer, who also learned the cooper's trade when a young man. He operated a general store at Bridgeport, Indiana, for a number of years and then sold out and purchased the farm, where he passed the remainder of his days, being eighty-two years old at the time

Mr. and Mrs. Jacob H. Nace have had four children, three of whom are living, namely: Estella is the wife of R. E. Crockett, of Michigan City, Indiana, and has four children, Renwick, Robert, Ruth A. and Paul ; Pearl is the wife of George Arnold, assistant postmaster at Delphi; one child died in infancy; Hazel is the wife of Everett Hollon, of Indianapolis, Indiana, and has one daughter, Margaret.

Mrs. Jacob H. Nace is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church at Delphi. Mr. Nace, who is a Republican in politics, takes an active interest in the councils of his party, although he has never been a candidate for office. He is popular in the community where he lives.

John B. Haugh

Among the citizens of Delphi, Indiana, who are well-known for their sterling traits of character and who have impressed their personalities upon the city of their residence, bearing their full share in the development of Carroll county, is John B. Haugh. an enterprising coal dealer of Delphi. He is a native of Delphi and, although still in the prime of life, has exerted a profound influence in behalf of a more aggressive, responsive and fruitful commercial spirit. His father, who was a native of Ireland, came to America when a lad. He also exerted an extraordinary influence in this county dur¬ ing the period of his active career. It was Mr. Haugh's father, who, as a city councilman, cast the deciding vote in favor of the present Delphi high school building and thus arrayed himself on the side of educational progress.

John B. Haugh was born on January 14, 1872, in Delphi, Indiana. Both of his parents, Michael and Mary (Corbett) Haugh, were born in Ire¬ land. Michael Haugh was born at Limerick, in 1835, and came to America in 1853 with his parents and settled with them in Delphi. Many years later they died in this city. Michael Haugh, who began life on his own responsi¬ bility at an early age, became the foreman in the old Spear, Case & Com¬ pany packing house at a time when they did an immense business in this part of the country. Michael Haugh came to Delphi on one of the old canal boats before the days of railroads. In partnership-with the late High Kerlin, he purchased live stock and later bought the old Spear, Case & Company elevator. This partnership continued for some years, when Mr. Haugh retired on account of failing health. He died on October 23, 1915. His* wife died in 1875. She was a devout member of the Catholic church and her husband was also a devout follower of this faith. Michael Haugh served altogether seventeen years as a city councilman in the city of Delphi.

Reared in Delphi, Carroll county, Indiana, John B. Haugh received the rudiments of an education in the parochial and public schools of Carroll county. Having learned the printer's trade, he worked on the Citizen-Times for ten years. He then farmed for several years in Tippecanoe township. In 1914, Mr. Haugh established his present business and in a comparatively short time has built up a lucrative trade in the retail sale of coal. People patronize John B. Haugh because they know that he is honorable and upright in his dealings, and that high or low, rich or poor, are assured of a square deal at his hands.

Marion B. Thomas

Marion B. Thomas was born on October 10, 1868, son of Jacob and Margaret (Hill) Thomas, the former of whom was born in Greenbrier county, Virginia, in 1823, and the latter was born in the same county and state on April 19, 1831. She is still living at the present time and makes her home with her son, Mason B. Both were reared in the same neighbor¬ hood in Virginia and, after their marriage, emigrated to Carroll county, Indiana, locating in Burlington township, in the early fifties. Here the late Jacob Thomas lived until his death in February, 1897.

When Jacob and Margaret (Hill) Thomas arrived at Madison, Indi¬ ana, they had only five dollars. Subsequently they lived in Hendricks county, Indiana, for a short time and then removed to Carroll county, where Jacob Thomas worked by the day until he purchased eighty acres of land. This he owned at the time of his death. Jacob and Margaret (Hill) Thomas had eleven children, six of whom are now living. George L. is a retired farmer of Burlington ; James F. is unmarried and is a resident of Kokomo, Indiana; Andrew J. lives in Denver, Colorado; Floyd L. served throughout the Spanish- American War in the regular army and now lives at Hot Springs, Arkansas; Lemuel E., who is an invalid, lives with his brother, Marion B., in Burlington township, Carroll county.

Jonas W. Brower

Jonas W. Brower, a retired merchant of Flora, Indiana, who spent his early life on the farm, is one of the directors of the First National Bank at Flora and has various business houses in the town. He is a prosperous, energetic and highly successful man and citizen.

Mr. Brower was bom in Monroe township, Carroll county, Indiana, June 18, 1871, the son of Francis D. and Catherine (Young) Brower, both of whom were born in Preble county, Ohio.

The late Francis D. Brower was the son of Joel H. and Delilah (Parker) Brower. Joel H. Brower was a native of Franklin county, Virginia, who came with his parents to Preble county, Ohio, at the age of eight years. There he grew to manhood and there he married. Later he moved to Howard county, Indiana, and entered one hundred and sixty acres of land northwest of Kokomo ten miles, where he built a blacksmith shop. He combined blacksmi thing and farming, living upon the pioneer homestead in Howard county and there rearing his family. In fact, he lived on this farm until his death. He was an elder in the German Baptist church. By his marriage to Delilah Parker, there were born six children, Alfred, Jonathan, Francis D., Jonas L., Sarah and Joel H., Jr., of whom three are now living.

Francis D. Brower was reared on a farm in Howard county, Indiana, and was educated in the neighborhood schools. On February 26, 1863, married Catherine Young, who had come with her parents from Preble county, Ohio, to Carroll county, Indiana. When a small girl, her parents located on a farm near Flora, which her father had bought and where she was reared and educated. Their farm adjoined Flora on the south. Some time after his marriage, Francis D. Brower located in Burlington township, where he spent most of his life rearing his family. After the children were grown, he purchased a little farm near Flora, to which he moved and retired. He was a prosperous man at the time of his death a member of the German Baptist church and a deacon in the church. He passed away at his home on July 28, 1891. His wife survived him more than two decades, passing away on November 7, 1913. They were the parents of five sons, three of whom are now living, Solomon U., Jonas W. and Joel H. Solomon U. is a farmer in Burlington township and lives near where he was reared. Jonas W. is the subject of this sketch. Joel H. is a ranchman in South Dakota.

Reared on a farm in Burlington township, Jonas W. Brower, at the proper age, entered the district schools, attending school in the winter and

On January 28, 1893, when Jonas W. Brower was twenty-two years old, he was married to Florence L. Witter, who was born in Monroe town¬ ship and was educated in the common schools. Mr. and Mrs. Brower have had three children, Bessie M., Edith M. and Catherine I. Bessie M., born on November 8, 1893, who graduated from the high school, is the wife of Elmer L. Kuns. They have one daughter, Isabelle. Edith M. is a graduate of the high school. Both Edith M. and Catherine I. live at home.

Mr. and Mrs. Brower are members of the First Brethren church. Mr. Brower is secretary of the congregation. Fraternally, he is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. He votes the Democratic ticket but takes no active part in politics.

John C. Kennedy

Among the prominent farmers and stockmen of Rock Creek township, Carroll county, Indiana, is John C. Kennedy, who, besides his own farm of one hundred and sixty acres, operates one hundred and sixty acres in Rock Creek township and eightv-eight acres in Jackson township. For many years Mr. Kennedy has specialized in raising Poland China hogs, Shorthorn cattle and Percheron horses.

John C. Kennedy was born in Rock Creek township, Carroll county, Indiana, on January 29, 1872. He is the son of Samuel K. and Elizabeth (Penn) Kennedy, the former of whom was born in Juniata county, Penn¬ sylvania, and who came with his parents when a mere boy to Rock Creek township, Carroll county, Indiana. Elizabeth Penn grew up in Jackson township, where she was bom. She is the daughter of John and Hulda (Christie) Penn. Samuel Kennedy became a well-to-do farmer before his death. He owned two hundred and eighty acres at the time of his death on April' 1, 1908. He was a Democrat in politics and a member of the Baptist church. By his marriage to Elizabeth Penn, there were bom two children, Arthur P., who was born on September 28, 1868, and married Kate Steines, died on March 16, 1909. He was a graduate of Purdue Uni¬ versity. John C. is the subject of this sketch.

John C. Kennedy was educated in the public schools of Carroll county and at the Central Normal College at Danville, Indiana. After finishing his education he returned to the farm, and on March 29, 1899, was married to Daisy M. Bennett, the daughter of Zuinglius Bennett, of Camden, Indiana. Mr. and Mrs. John C. Kennedy are the parents of three children, namely: Katheryn Elizabeth, born on April 3, 1900, is a student of the high school; Mary Agnes, born on November 14, 1901, is also a student in the high school; Margaret Cornelia was born on July 7, 1907.

Mrs. Kennedy is a daughter of Zuinglius and Mary Catherine (Frye) Bennett, the former of whom was born in Jackson township on April 5, 1850, and who was the son of Abner Bennett, who emigrated from Ohio in pioneer times. Mary Catherine Frye was the daughter of Henry Frye. She bore her husband three children, Mrs. John C. Kennedy, Mrs. Harry Gardner, of Jackson township, and Donald, who died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Harry Gardner have had two children, Harry Bennett and Mary Eliza¬ beth.

Mrs. Kennedy is a member of the Baptist church. Mr. Kennedy is a member of Camden Lodge No. 32, Knights of Pythias. He is a Democrat in politics.

John W. Bowman

To have retired from active life on a farm means that one has arrived at the point of affluence, which cannot but render great satisfaction to one so fortunate, since the accomplishment of anything undertaken, no matter in what direction, gives to the performer a certain amount of pleasure. To John W. Bowman, the subject of the following biographical sketch, has come that just reward so deservedly due him, in view of the fact that while building up his own fortune he has also been instrumental in the advance¬ ment of the interests of his own township.

John W. Bowman, retired farmer, Camden, Indiana, was born on April 26, 1849, in Jackson township, and is a son of Charles A. and Sarah' (Wilson) Bowman. He was reared on his father's farm, and remained at home until he was twenty-one years of age. His education was obtained at the district schools. Mr. Bowman has directed his attention to general farm¬ ing and stpck raising, dealing principally in cattle and hogs, which business has proved a money-maker for him. Politically, he has always been a loy*I advocate of Republican policies, and has been active in local politics, serving as justice of the peace in Jackson township for four years. Fraternally, he is allied with the Camden Lodge No. 151, Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows, of which he is past grand, and is also a member of St. Peter's Evangel¬ ical Lutheran church, of Camden. He is one of the directors of the Farm¬ ers State Bank of Camden, of which John V. Shanks is president, the direc¬ tors being John V. Shanks, Alonzo L. Doyle, John W. Bowman and O. W. Wyatt.

Charles A. Bowman was born in 1814, in Berkeley county, Virginia, and was a son of George Bowman. In his younger days he learned the tailor's trade in Virginia, and established a shop at Delphi, Indiana, which he conducted for several years. His wife, Sarah (Wilson) Bowman, was a daughter of William .Wilson, who came from Ohio. She was reared at Delphi, Indiana, and at the time of their marriage, they settled on the farm now owned by John W., and where Mr. Bowman died. This union .was blest with four children, George N., who died at the age of sixteen years; Jane E., who is the widow of William Hanaway, and lives at Delphi, Indi¬ ana; John W., the subject of this sketch, and Henry B., who died at the age of six months.

William Wilson, the maternal grandfather, came from Ohio to Indiana at an early date, and settled in southwestern Indiana, coming from there to Delphi, where he entered land which is the present site of Delphi, and in order to secure the county seat, donated forty acres of his land, which cov¬ ered a large scope of territory around Delphi, consisting of about one thou¬ sand acres. His children were: William, Elizabeth, Anna, Sarah, Nathaniel, and one who died in infancy.

John W. Bowman was united in marriage on January 12, 1898, with Anna F. Eschker, daughter of William and Matilda (Hyman) Eschker. She was born on December 23, 1853, in Camden, Indiana, and was first mar¬ ried to Rev. John L. Guard, July 2, 1874, who died on October 18, 1895, leaving no children. Mrs. Bowman has lived nearly all her life in Camden, where she became a member of the Lutheran church.

William and Matilda (Hyman) Eschker, parents of Mrs. John W. Bowman, were natives of Germany, and emigrated to the United States in 1839, settling at Camden, Indiana.

The qualities of high personal character and his splendid business ability have placed Mr. Bowman in a position of high esteem throughout the entire community in which he resides, and where he has spent the best years of his life. His fine farm of one hundred and sixty acres, located in sec¬ tion 19, is known as the "Bachelor Run Stock Farm."

William B. Sibbitt

Those by whom great epochal changes have been made in the political, industrial and agricultural world, began early in life to prepare themselves for their peculiar duties and responsibilities. It was only by the most perse¬ vering and continuous endeavor that they succeeded in rising superior to the obstacles in their way and reaching the goal of their ambition. Such lives are an inspiration to others who are less courageous and more prone to give up the fight before their ideal is reached. William B. Sibbitt, an honorable citizen and farmer of Democrat township, this county, who is the owner of three hundred and forty-seven acres of fine farming land, began early in life. to save his money and, at the time of his marriage, had savings amount¬ ing to practically one thousand dollars. From year to year, he has added to this original nest egg, each year spending a little less than he made until now he is one of the well-to-do citizens of his community.

William B. Sibbitt was born in Burlington township, January 19, 1855, the son of Alva and Elza J. (Jennings) Sibbitt, both of whom were born in Ohio and there grew to maturity and were married. After their marriage, they came to Indiana and located in Carroll county, where the father lived until the time of his death. He was a member of the Methodist church and active in church work. He was a Republican in politics. Alva and Elza J. (Jennings) Sibbitt had three children, of whom George is deceased. The two living children are William B., the subject of this sketch, and Lydia, the wife of William Unger, a farmer of Burlington township.

William B. Sibbitt was reared on a farm in Burlington township and was educated in the common schools of the township. Having remained at home until he reached his majority, he worked diligently during the next three years and saved about one thousand dollars.

On August 28, 1879, William B. Sibbitt was married to Emma McDonald, who was bom on July 23, 1862, and who is the daughter of David and Eliza J. (Gant) McDonald. David McDonald was born and reared in the Old Dominion state, as were also his parents. They were of Scotch-Irish descent. When a young man, David McDonald immigrated to Indiana and located in Clinton county, where he learned the blacksmith's trade. He worked at this trade until his death, with the exception of the period he fought to preserve his country, in the great Civil War. David and Eliza J. McDonald were the parents of six children, of whom five are now living, Virginia, the widow of Charles Hamilton; Emma, the wife of

Mr. Sibbitt ; Mary J., the wife of George Pyle; Berdie, who married Steve Eads; Meddie, the wife* of Frank Corns. Edward, the fourth child, died when about thirty-five years of age. Mrs. Sibbitt was educated in the com¬ mon schools of Clinton county and reared at Colfax. Indiana.

To Mr. and Mrs. William B. Sibbitt have been bom nine children, Vera, the wife of J. C. Shanklin; Alva, who married Emma Tenbrook; Blanche, a graduate of the common schools, who married Charles Mann; Edward, also a graduate of the common schools; Fern, a graduate of the common schools, who married Dr. O. V. Kingery; Ethel, a graduate of the high school, who is the wife of Closs Cleaver; Guy, who is a graduate of the common schools; Carl, who is a graduate of the high school, and Elmer R.

Mr. Sibbitt owns three hundred and forty-seven acres of land of which two hundred and seven acres are located in Democrat township, this county, and the balance in Orange county, Indiana. There is not a dollar's worth of property which Mr. Sibbitt now has, which he has not made by his own personal exertion.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Sibbitt and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Ball Hill. Mr. Sibbitt votes the Republican ticket, but takes no active part in politics.

Alva Blue

One of the well-known farmers of Carrollton township, who has lived in this county for about sixty years, is Alva Blue, who has done well his part in the agricultural development of this section.

Alva Blue, farmer, Flora, Indiana, was bom on December 16, 1858, and is a son of John W. and Catherine (Mowdy) Blue. His youth was spent on his father's farm in Carrollton township, where he attended the district schools. At the age of twenty-one years he rented a farm near Rossville, Clinton county, where he remained fifteen years, and then pur¬ chased a farm of sixty-one acres in Carrollton township, Carroll county, to which he continued to add, until he now owns one hundred acres. Politi¬ cally, Mr. Blue has always been in sympathy with the policies of the Demo¬ cratic party, but has never taken an active interest in either local or county politics. His religious membership is with the Presbyterian church.

John W. Blue, father of the subject of this sketch, was bom in Illinois, and his wife was Catherine (Mowdy) Blue, by whom he had twelve chil- dren, only six of whom are living in 1915 - Alva, of Carrollton township; Maggie, who became the wife of Arthur Clark, of Tippecanoe county, Indiana; Johanna, who was united in marriage with Joe Robinson, and lives in Carroll county; Arthur married Del Butcher, and lives near Flora; Anna is the wife of Mat Dawkins, of Riverside, California; Allie is married to Jesse Harper, and lives at Lafayette, Indiana. By his first wife, Mr. Blue had one child, Kizzie, who became the wife of Henry Landis.

Alva Blue was united in marriage on August 27, 1884, with Sarah A. Watson, daughter of Isaac and Ruth (Cambol) Watson. She was born on October 12, 1861, in Democrat township, this county, and obtained her education at the township schools. Mr. and Mrs. Blue have been blest with two children, Rossie, deceased, and Roy K., who graduated from the public schools and was married. His wife died, leaving one child, who is being reared by Mr. Blue. Mr. and Mrs. Blue also have an adopted daughter, Catherine, who is now twelve years old.

Isaac Swartz

Isaac Swartz, a well-known farmer of Clay township, Carroll county, Indiana, who owns three hundred and twenty acres of land equal in fertility and productivity to any other similar tract to be found in the county, and who is now traveling for the Western Implement Company of Indianapolis, is a native of Montgomery county, Pennsylvania. Not only does Mr. Swartz own a magnificent farm, which is well known in this section as the "Pyrmont Stock Farm," but he also owns property in Delphi and at Pitts¬ burg. He also has other important interests. As a farmer and stockman he has made a large success with purebred Shorthorn and Holstein cattle. All of the buildings now standing on "Pyrmont Stock Farm" he himself has erected. At different times he has been interested in various corpora¬ tions of this state and at one time was a mill owner in Carroll county. He is a man with large business capacity and great breadth of vision.

Isaac Swartz was born on July 17, 1850, in Montgomery county, Penn¬ sylvania, and is the son of John and Suzanna (Hendricks) Swartz, the former of whom was a landowner and factory operator in the Keystone state. John Swartz manufactured washing machines and besides this owned a farm of forty acres. All of his brothers and sisters, Sarah, George, Maria and Abraham, are now deceased. All of his people resided in Pennsylvania.

John Swartz, who was a Republican in politics and a member of the Church of the Brethren, died on August 26, 1876, in Carroll county, Indiana. Upon coming west he had located at Camden and, after spending three months in the far West, had purchased two mills and a farm in Tippecanoe county. He operated the mills for thirty years, employing assistants to operate the farm. Late in life he sold both mills and the farm and moved to Carroll county, where he owned two hundred acres of land and a mill. Here he employed considerable assistance to operate the mill and the farm. His wife's folks were all natives of Pennsylvania. Suzanna (Hendricks) Swartz was one of a large family. Her brothers and sisters were as follow : Henry, Ben and Sarah.

The late John Swartz was twice married, first to Suzanna Hendricks and later to Esther Fouts. By his first marriage he had two children, namely: Salonia, the wife of Aaron Root, of Tippecanoe township, and Isaac, the subject of this sketch. By the second marriage there were also two children, Anna and John. Anna is a resident of Pvrmont and John has a large farm.

Isaac Swartz began to make his own way in the world when he was twenty-one years old. For a number of years he bought and sold lumber and then engaged in farming in Carroll county, at the same time buying forty acres of land in Tippecanoe township. Upon selling the forty acres in Tippecanoe county he bought sixty-eight acres of the present farm in Carroll county and then one hundred and thirty-two acres. He has cleared the land and erected many substantial buildings, besides thoroughly draining the soil.

On August 9, 1874. Isaac Swartz was married to Catherine Studebaker, of Pvrmont, whose father, Samuel Studebaker, was bom on Septem¬ ber 25, 1810, and whose mother, Catherine (Wetzger) Studebaker, was born on December 8, 1812. They were natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio, respectively. They were married in Montgomery county, Ohio, on May 2, 1835. They had a large family of children, as follow: Jacob is deceased; Mary is a resident of Carroll county; Andrew Wagoner is married; Han¬ nah is deceased; David lives at the home of his brother-in-law, Isaac Swartz; Eliza C. is deceased; John died in infancy; Catherine is Mr. Swartz's wife; Samuel lives at Pvrmont.

To Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Swartz have been bom five children. Edward died in 1913. at the age of thirty-eight years. He was married to Cecil Jacot, who is also deceased. They had three children, two of whom are with Mr. and Mrs. Swartz. Elmer, a fruit grower and stockman, lives at

Fremont, Michigan. He married Ada Gripe, and they have three children. Mary, who lives at Nampa, Idaho, married Jesse Blickenstaff. They have live children. Jesse lives on his father's farm. Floyd also lives on the farm with his father and mother.

Not only has Isaac Swartz been prominent as a farmer but has been also prominent in politics. He was nominated and elected to the office of township assessor in Clay township, a position which he filled capably and satisfactorily for a period of eight years.

Samuel H. Smith

Upon the self-made men of any community, depends the leadership along certain lines of endeavor. Their success having been attained by close observation and the ambition to achieve, they become an authority on their chosen vocation, by dint of their strong courage and the ability to persevere where others fail. These leaders, whose natural ability has been fostered by the stern necessities of life, become dominant factors in the life of the communities in which they live.

Samuel H. Smith, of Burlington township, Carroll county, was born on October 7, 1866, and is the son of William and Hannah (Watenbarger) Smith, who were both natives of Indiana but whose parents were natives of Tennessee. The parents of William Smith, Leonard Smith and his wife, came to Carroll county, Indiana, in the early days, where Mr. Smith fol¬ lowed farming, at one time owning one hundred and sixty acres of land. Leonard Smith was a leader in the Methodist church.

William Smith purchased eighty acres of land and it was on this prop¬ erty that his son, Samuel, was born. This eighty acres he cultivated for many years, finally purchasing his father's farm, known as the Leonard Smith farm, where he lived until his death on March 5, 1889. His wife, Hannah Watenbarger was the daughter of Charles and Liza Watenbarger, who were natives of Tennessee and settled in Carroll county, in the early days, not far from where the Smith family had located. She passed away on May 1, 1907. By his union to Hannah Watenbarger, William Smith became the father of four children, three of whom are living. Liza, a widow who lives in Burlington township, Indiana. Her husband was Frank¬ lin C. McCarty. Janie died when very young. Samuel H. is a farmer of Burlington township, this county. Mansford is a farmer now living in

Democrat township, this county. William Smith became a very influential man in Carroll county, and was elected commissioner of the county and served for two terms of four years each. He increased his holdings from the original eighty acres to one hundred and eighty acres. Mr. and Mrs. William Smith were members of the Methodist church. '

Samuel H. Smith remained at home with his parents until his mar¬ riage to Ada B. Parsons, on August n, 1890. She was the daughter of Anthony Parsons, a resident of Democrat township. After his father's death, Samuel H. Smith assumed charge of the home place and finally pur¬ chased their shares from the other heirs and became sole owner and man¬ ager of same. His union to Ada B. Parsons has been blessed with two children: Maud, wife of Henry Baily, living on the home place, and Etta May, wife of Art Avery, who lives in Cutler, Democrat township, this county.

Samuel H. Smith is, at the present time, the owner of one hundred and fifteen acres of land, located between Burlington and Cutler, three and onehalf miles from both of those towns. His influence has been a power for good in the progress of this section. Politically, he is a Democrat, but lends his influence at the polls for those best fitted for the offices of which they are candidates. Samuel H. Smith is an independent thinker and a man who has the courage of his convictions.

The medical practitioner of this day and generation must needs be more than the practitioner of half a century ago. He must be broader and more intelligent, his sympathies must be more diverse and his ideals must be higher. The doctor of years past, if he practiced his profession for any length of time, reached the limit of excellence, not of his own accord but by reason of the restriction of the science. As Dr. Paul Ehrlich, a noted German scientist, said : "More has been done and more has been discovered in the science of medicine during the past twenty years than in the past century." Specialization has become necessary. The theory of toxins and antitoxins, serums, the study of bacteriology and methods of combating these destructive forces, and many other things have made the range of science almost beyond one man's power of learning. True it is that the doctor of the past has endured more hardships, received smaller remunera- tion and in many other ways deserves the credit for his pioneer work, but the present physician is a specialist, an expert diagnostician, an idealist striving for the prevention of disease rather than the curing, a moral doctor as well as physical. Among the well-known physicians of Monroe town¬ ship, this county, is Dr. Henry Carter, of Bringhurst, who has labored long and patiently for the relief of human suffering.

Henry Carter was born in Monroe township, Carroll county, Indiana, on July 5, 1849, an<i ls the son of Martin and Penninah (Hollowell) Carter, the former of whom was born in Tennessee, and the latter in North Caro¬ lina. Martin Carter came alone to Indiana when sixteen years old, having walked from Tennessee to Indiana barefooted in 1834. Penninah Hollo¬ well came with her parents to Indiana overland in a two-wheeled cart. Martin Carter worked in various parts of southern Indiana and finally set¬ tled near Burlington, where he was employed at making brick and farming. He had been married first in southern Indiana and, after coming to Carroll county, was married to Penninah Hollowell. He died when his son, Henry, was five years old, when he was thirty-nine years of age, in 1854. Martin Carter and his wife were the parents of five children, including one pair of twins. Penninah Hollowell, when nine years old, was taken ill with tuber¬ culosis of the knee bone. After she had been filled with whiskey, she was held by force and the limb was amputated above the knee and seared with hot irons. This was primitive surgery and it was almost the only kind of surgery known to pioneer times in which Penninah Hollowell lived.

After the death of his father, Henry Carter lived with Henry Hollo¬ well, an uncle, and Stephen Harmon, another uncle, for some time, while his mother lived with friends. Later the family moved into an old school house with a puncheon roof and floor in Monroe township, and here they lived for three years and then moved to the Jonathan Cunningham farm. Subsequently, Henry and his brother, Caswell, who died in 1891, began to work out among the neighboring farmers, being employed by Jonathan Cunningham for three years. The family then moved to a farm east of Flora, owned by John F. Kingery, operating this farm until the house was burned in which they lived, all their household furnishings being destroyed by the fire. They spent the following winter in a cabin on Peter Gommer's farm, northeast of Flora, Henry in the meantime attending school in Hoff's school house northeast of Flora, taught at that time by Wallace Gwinn. The next spring they removed to a farm owned by George Shirrar, and here they made a little money, Henry at this time being about eighteen years of age. The brothers then separated, Caswell going to work for Charles

Burns, where he remained for two years, and Henry being employed by Moses Harmon at eighteen dollars a month. The next year he worked for Green Woodrum at twenty-one dollars a month. The third year he returned and worked for Moses Harmon. During all of this time he had attended school at least a part of the winter months. His teacher advised him to attend summer school and become a teacher.

At the age of twenty-one years Henry Carter started to school at Bur¬ lington, Indiana, his teachers being George Bass and T. H. B. Britton. He walked from Darwin to Burlington, a distance of two and one-half miles, to school, which he attended one year. He was then elected to teach the Lib¬ erty schools. After teaching one year he attended Howard College, at Kokomo, Indiana, after which he taught his second term at Liberty. In 1873 he was a student of the Ohio National Normal School at Lebanon, Ohio, after which he taught the Pleasant Valley school for a year and finally became enabled to attend the Indiana State Normal School at Terre Haute, Indiana, after which he served for four years as principal of the Bringhurst school. In the meantime his first wife had died. In 1878 he was defeated as the Republican candidate for representative in the lower house of the Indiana General Assembly. He next taught school for two years at the Walnut Stump school, and was principal of the school in Flora for two years, later teaching at Wheeling for one year. He then bought a small farm of forty acres in Howard county, Indiana, again taught two . years at Pleasant Valley school, two years at Liberty, and three years at Brush College, which was his last experience in teaching.

In 1890 Henry Carter took a course of lectures on medicine at India¬ napolis, and in 1892 was graduated from the Cincinnati Eclectic School of Medicine, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In the same year he came to Bringhurst, and has since been engaged in the active practice of his profession.

On September 16, 1876, Henry Carter was married to Virginia G. Gwinn, a daughter of Harrison and Sarah Gwinn, and two years later, in February, 1878, Mrs. Virginia Carter died. On September 3, 1881, Doctor Carter was married to Cinderella G. Pruitt, the daughter of W. A. Pruitt, and to this union three children were born, all of whom are living, Emer¬ son, Lloyd and Paul. Dr. Emerson Carter, the eldest son, is a graduate of the Physio-Medical College of Indianapolis, having finished the course in 1909. In 1912 he was graduated from the Chicago Polyclinic. Dr. Lloyd Carter is a graduate from the Indiana Dental College, having finished the course in 1912. Paul is a musician and is a student at the Indiana Law

School. Mrs. Cinderella G. (Pruitt) Carter died on August 12, 1898, ^nd on January 1, 1899, Doctor Carter was married to Mariah Miranda Allen, and to this union one son was born, who is now deceased. Mrs. Mariah Carter died in 1901, and on February 26, 1902, Doctor Carter was married to Mariah B. Kelsey, the daughter of John B. Wingard.

Doctor and Mrs. Carter are prominent in the work of the Methodist church, and for many years Doctor Carter served as superintendent of the Sunday schools at Darwin and at Asbury. In politics, he is a Republican, while fraternally, he is a member of Lodge No. 558, Free and Accepted Masons.

Samuel Downham

Nowhere in Carroll county can be found a more liberal man than Sam¬ uel Downham, his property resulting principally through the loving and attentive kindness extended to his father during the latter years of his life, although Mr. Downham has added materially to his inheritance through the methods with which he handled his property. He is a gentleman utterly void of any personal narrowness and is broad in his religious views, giving liberally to churches of all denominations.

Samuel Downham was born on August 9, 1838, and is a son of Daniel and Polly (Lineman) Downham. He grew to young manhood on the farm, and obtained his education at the district schools, and, being more fortunate than most young men. his father deeded to him ninety-nine and a fraction acres of land in return for being taken care of the remainder of his life. His every need was looked after, and no wish left ungranted, all of which added much happiness to his closing years. Mr. Downham has since purchased and added to his tract forty acres more. Politically, Mr. Down¬ ham has always given his support to the Republican party, and has offi¬ ciated in some of the township offices, among them being that of township supervisor. He was the founder of the Universalist church in Deer Creek township, and the Downham school. He contributes liberally to churches of all denominations.

Daniel Downham, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Delaware, and came to Carroll county in 1837, when he entered from the United States government the farm on which Samuel Downham was bom. His wife, Polly (Lineman) Downham, was a native of New York state* They were of French and English descent, respectively. She was Mr*

Downham's third wife, by whom he had three children, Samuel being the only one now living. By his first marriage, Mr. Downham had one child, and by his second marriage he was the father of five children, only one of whom was living in 1915, Rebecca, born on October 10, 1820, living at Winamac, Indiana. She was married to John Frain, who is deceased.

Samuel Downham was united in marriage in November, 1862, with Susan Miller, daughter of John and Catherine Miller. She was born on December 22, 1846, in Cass county, Indiana, and received a good publicschool education at the district schools. To this union were born five chil¬ dren, but four of whom were living in 1915, Ella. Alice M., Catherine G. and Harry B. Ella became the wife of Martin L. Hinkle, and lives in Washington township. Alice M. is the wife of Isaac Cohee, and also lives in Washington township. Catherine G. was married to Alonzo McZonald, and lives in Jennings county, Indiana. Harry B. was united in marriage with Rillie Yerkins, and is a resident of Washington township.