Delaware County, Indiana - Chapter 24: Military History of Delaware County, 1908 (part 2 of 3)

"The hearer hereof, David Thompson, has served as a Corporal in my company of rillemen, in the Army of the United States, from which he has obtained an honorable discharge. 1ml in justice to the said Corporal, :Vr many services lie has rendered the public, I Consider it my duty and am f::!:y warranted to say that his conduct has uniformly met with my approbat; -.. as well as that 'of all other officers who had an opportunity to know him. Corporal Thompson was employed in rcconnoitcring the Indian country, and' paths leading to and from their several towns and villages, as well as being constantly ui advance of the army during the campaign. While thus engaged he assisted in taking seven Indian prisoners - all warriors except one - from their towns and villages, in order to gain information for our army. In accomplishing this great object several skirmishes ensued, in which he behaved in a brave and soldier-like manner, and when the garrison at Fort Rccoverv, which I had the honor to command, was attacked and surrounded by nearly two thousand savages this Corporal Thompson made an escape through them with intelligence to the Commander-in-Chief, who was twenty-four miles distant from the place. For this service I now beg leave to return him my sincere thanks, and hope that all good people, who arc friends to their country, may receive and treat with respect the said David Thompson, a reward which he has merited.

"By his Excellency, Anthony Wayne, Esqr., .Major General and Commander-in-Chief of the Legion of the United Stales: "These arc to certify that the bearer hereof, David Thompson, a Corporal in the Fourth Suli Legion, has served in the alwve Legion, and in Capt. Gibson's company, for the space of three years, and is, for the reason below mentioned, discharged from the said Legion, he having received his pay up to the 1st of January. 1795, clothing of ail kinds, and all other just demands from the time of his enlisting in the Legion to the day of his discharge, as appears by the following receipt. * * * He is discharged, bavin- faithfully served the full term of time for which he engaged. To prevent anv ill use that may be made of his discharge by its falling into the hands of any other person'whatsoever, here follows the description of said David Thompson : He is twenty years of age, five feet eleven inches tali, dark complexion, black hair and black eyes; born in the coumy of Amherst, in the State of Virginia; a farmer.

"Given under mv hand and seal, at headquarters, this 19m day or August, 1795. T WIU.IAM D.ARK, "I ieutcnant -\cting. Sub Legion, Major and Inspector to tnc Fourth bub

After the treaty of Greenville, August S, 1795, when the ironps were disbanded, Mr. Thompson settled in tjic western part of Virginia (now West Virginia), and there formed the acquaintance of Miss Mary Swope, whom |,c 50011 afterwards married. She was torn September 21, 1775, in the old fort in Monroe county, Virginia. In 1S17, Mr. Thompson removed with his wjfe and ten children to Duller county, Ohio, and in iSjj to Henry county, Indiana. About 1842 they sttlieu in Salem township, Delaware county, where both Mr. Thompson and his wife died. Mr. Thompson died October 22, 1847. Mrs. Thompson died March 9, 1844. They were buried at the Sharp graveyard, in Salem township. This fine old soldier was the father of twelve children, lour sons and eight daughters. One of these sons is Mr. David Thompson, one of the oldest and longest residents of Delaware county, who, with his wife, yet remain to witness and enjoy the wonderful changes which have come to us in these later years.

Ephraim Thompson, one of the first residents of Delaware township, was a soldier in the early wars. Pie seems hard to classify. His record is very obscure, and his actual service and wdiat wc know is founded on what he repeated in his lifetime. No campaign is remembered and no battle described. To us he first appears as the owner of a parcel of real estate, suspended on a hillside, on the banks of a stream called Brush creek, fn the county of Adams and state of Ohio. A cabin crowned the crest of the ridge ; part way down was a rough, log stable, and at the foot a deep gulley, cut out by the descending floods of water. He was an Irishman, a raw product from Erin, a kind of military conundrum, whom war might batter and disfigure but never quite kill, floating down the stream of time. He probably had some serious disagreement with George the Third, King of England, and did not admire crowned heads very much at best. No heavy guns were fired when he sailed, and upon arrival at our shores he failed to assist the historian by keeping a true account of future proceedings. He had a wife, whom he called Margery. He also had two sons and one daughter. One of the sons he called "Robert Jeems." He had other property. There was a yoke of oxen, designated "Buck and Berry." Though much in the company of these pioneer bovines, it is hinted that upon certain occasions there was quite a good deal of disagreement. At one time the oid hater of despotism caught one of these animals violating some of his very important regulations. He protested against these infractions of good order and discipline in vain. But he took prompt measures to prevent their repetition. He slipped the bow, released the pestiferous ox. pushed him "\'cr the bank of the gully, and landed, him at the bottom. He then covered him with logs and brush, lighted a kind of Scandinavian campfire and burned him to a crisp as warning to all other oxen to be more prudent in their conduct. He had three names. His front name was Ephraim. This was pre-

.sented to him as a souvenir of the day on which he was born. The other two lie earned. He had a scrap with some party having an athletic jawbone, who bit off nearly an inch of his nasal appendage - smoothly, as if cut with a knife. Afterwards he was called "Nosey" and "Bit Nose." This disfigurement added quite a bit to the facial charms of the old Hibernian. When he talked, especially when in an earnest or emphatic way, a kind of whistle escaped through the nostrils at the same time he was making ?. noise with his mouth. He liked a good racehorse. At times he had the spare change to make such an investment. His presence at the races must have been fully as entertaining as the main show. One might imagine his movements, and the discordant sounds to which he gave utterance, when he sidled up to his hopeful son, sitting astride the Rosinantc, champing his bits and waiting the signal, and urged him to "push 'em up, push 'em up. Robert Teems," but to attempt it here would be a task impossible. His first and main dependence in horse flesh was a faithful old nag he called "Bawley." When all other horses failed "Bawley" was true as steel. He would ride this patient and sensible steed, hitched to the front wheels of his wagon, to Youngsville, to bring home a barrel of liquor. The effort to transfer the contents of the barrel to his stomach was often too much. Sometimes he fell off and lay for hours beside "Bawley," who never got the least excited upon such occasions. When the master "straightened up" they proceeded to their place of abode. Fire destroyed his house and its contents. Ordinary discouragements, however, never daunted him. Into the center of a mow, filled with straw, he burrowed like a ground-hog and found warm and comfortable quarters. When he came to live in Delaware county we could not learn, but no one who ever knew him doubted the fact of his arrival. The old warrior brought with him from beyond the sea a great fondness for the "Yule-tide" festivities. The season having arrived for his favorite ceremony, he paid a neighbor who owned a vacant house with a fireplace the sum of two dollars for the use of his premises until the "Yulelo""* burned out. He and his invited guests cut and rolled in a back-log of black "-urn. Whether the preparation was attended with an ancient custom, which required much detail, we are unable to say. But there appeared no disposition to hurry along the business after exercises commenced. When they continued for a week, the owner presented himself and tendered the two dollars as an inducement for that interesting group to vacate the premises. The log was then only just well marked. Eccentricity increased with advancing years. He became a perfect recluse or hermit. Beside a lar^e io^ he constructed a rude hut or shelter. Here he lived ; and here, ail

* The burning of the Yule-log is an ancient Christmas ceremony, transmitted to us from our Scandinavian anecstors, who at their feast of .Tune, at tiie winter solstice, used to kinulo huge bonfires in honor of th.'ir goil Thor. - Century Die.

alone, he died about the year 1S54, above one hundred years of age. "Thompson's log" was long a place of interest, pointed out to the wondering passerby. Me is supposed to have been buried at Union Chapel, or the Godlovc cemetery.

Asaiel Thornhurg, one of the earliest and oldest pioneers of Delaware county, was, so far as we can learn, enrolled for service in the war of 1812 from Greene county, Ohio; that he at once marched to Columbus, where tidings reached him that peace was declared and the war was ended. Beyond the fact that he sat for three days at the treaty of Greenville, Ohio, tve have no further incidents. The biographical material for a proper -ketch. - and from the records - was furnished for another department of tills work and will appear among the historical accounts of Liberty township.

Cornelius Vanarsdoll, of German ancestry, was a soldier of the war of 1S12 and of the Indian campaign; was born in the year 17S9, probablv in Montgomery county, Ohio. He entered the army from that state. There is no doubt about his military record, as he drew a pension and received a warrant for land. He was a dispatch bearer or courier and most of this duty v. as performed on foot. He was in the battle of Tippecanoe and also many skirmishes with the Indians. The scene of one of his struggles with the red men was upon ground where, afterwards, he located and entered land ;'or the home farm. He intended coming there at the close of the war, but the Indians were so bad he had to postpone it until 1820. He cut his initials in a rock near the camp as a mark to guide him upon his return. The early life of this rugged old pioneer and fighter was crowded with adventures and experience of a most exciting nature. At one period of his service the Indians used great cunning in their operations. Many sentinels were shot at .1 certain outpost. Vanarsdoll made the rounds at night and assisted in jetting on foot a movement to stop the shooting of pickets. One of the men agreed to take the post of duty if allowed to follow his own plans. He was put upon guard at the fatal spot. In the night the sound of his gun aroused ;'.:e camp and when approached it was discovered he had shot an Indian, wearing a hogskin and small bell on his neck. He once took dispatches :> ::i near Dayton to some point on the Aurg'.aize river. When the former camp was reached the troops were gone and only some smoldering coals :.-.arkcd the site of the campr.re. Eeir.g completely exhausred, he dropped beside them and soon fell into a deep slumber. He became unconscious from severe cold and weariness, and was nearly dead when discovered by some comrades sent to search, who found him at the abandoned camp. He married Jane McClellan, by whom he had three sons and six daughters. Tiiis brave woman had some thrilling experience in her early married life. At one time the blockhouse was surrounded and attacked by Indians. She assisted in molding: bullets. Her dress and apron caught fire and were nearly burned oft" her. When Mr. Vanarsdoll first settled on the land chosen bv him he did not have the means to pay for it, even at the paltry price of Sl.25 per acre. Finally he discovered that plans were on foot to displace him. In one day he walked to Wayne county and returned with the money. A neighbor then took the money, rode a swift horse all night, reached the land office at Fort Wayne, Indiana, and made payment in time to meet the party intending to do the old hero the great wrong just as he reached the door. This land was in section thirty-one, Liberty township, and w.v legally entered and paid for on the 25th day of October, 1830. His was the first white family from 1820 to 1823, when other settlers located near them. For the rest of his life the old warrior was farmer, blacksmith and preacher. He established the first society of the Christian church in his own home, and spent much time from home holding services. Xo pay was received for this and none was expected. Wild game, honey, nuts and ginseng were abundant. Mr. Cornelius Yanarsdoll, a son of the soldier and subject of this sketch, was born in 1S22. There were no whites here then. He was dressed the first time by Indian Sally, who said, "My pappoose." The venerable patriot and pioneer preacher followed his calling for about forty years. He died April 24, 186S, aged seventy-nine years and two clays. His wife survived until February 12, 1SS5, when she passed away at the age of ninety-six vea'rs, one month and eighteen days. They were both buried in Mount Tabor cemetery.

Matthew Whicker, a soldier of the war of 1812, was the eldest son of William Whicker, a soldier of the Revolution, whose sketch forms part of this chapter. We have nothing but tradition, outside of what we get in the records of William Whicker. But Matthew Whicker was probably born in Guilford county, Xorth Carolina, entered the service during the second war with England from the same state, and later may have removed with his parents to the state of Ohio. At one time he resided near Albany, but afterwards returned to the state of Ohio, and there he died. We have no data of birth, particulars of service, nor the date and place of his death.

Samuel P. Wilson, a soldier of the war of 1S12, was born in the state of Virginia in the year 1794. He came to the state of Ohio at an early period in its history; married; came to Delaware county, Indiana, in 1S57, and died in 1S74, aged eighty years. He had five children, two sons and three daughters, none of whom survive except one daughter, Miss Kate Wilson. Mrs. Elizabeth Q. Wilson, widow of Samuel P., drew a pension from the Government at the rate of ninety-six doiiars a year. She died in 1890, at the age of eighty-nine years. She was afflicted with rheumatism during many years. Cut she possessed a vigorous mind, took much interest in the current events of the times in which siie lived, and was well informed respecting them. Captain Luther C. Wilson was an officer in the Nineteenth Regiment. Indiana Volunteers. S. Ambrose Wilson was a member of the same regiment, and was afterwards cashier of the Muncic National Bank. Mrs. Hurson, the daughter with whom the aged lady spent the dosing years of her life, was very active in deed* of kindness, and in many ways assisted soldiers and their families during the Civil war.

Lloyd Wilcoxon, Sr., was a soldier in the war of 1S12. He was of English ancestry, and was a n.-uive of the state of Maryland, where he was horn October 4, 1792, ai d where he resided with his parents until he was sixteen years old, when his father moved to Kentucky. After living there a few years they moved to Scioto county, Ohio, where he was engaged at the carpenter trade, and where he was married June 28, 1813, to Elizabeth Truitt. In 1S33 he moved to Delaware county, and settled near Muncie, where he passed the residue of a long and useful life, dying in this city in June, 1S66, at the age of seventy-three years. He and his wife arc buried at the Moore cemetery, two miles east of Muncie. There is no question about his service, so far as family tradition goes, but it is impossible now to state positively from what state, the period of his service or any of the officers under whose command he served.

Phillip Wingate, a soldier of the war of 1S12, was born in the state of Delaware in the year 1703. He was married to Sarah Wright, who died in iSji, and was buried near where she was born and reared. Phillip Wingate was married a second time in the state of Maryland, after which he moved to Highland county, Ohio, and settled near Lecsburg, where he worked at his trade, a carriage maker, which he learned by serving an apprenticeship of five years in his native state. Then, in 1847, he came to Albany, Delaware county, Indiana, where he worked at wagonmaking. He died at the home of his son, James W., October 9, 1S70, and was laid to rest in Bethel cemetery. Mary, the second wife, died July 20, 1851. She was buried also at Bethel. Phillip Wingate was the father of ten children, eight sons and two daughters. Like so many others whose records we do not have from the books, we cannot tell what was the experience of this soldier during the war. but there is a record upon the tombstone which marks his last resting place. It will tell its own story, and is in these words: "Lieutenant in the war of 1S12."

The names of William Finley, James Manson and Hugh Wingct were furnished with the statement that each were soldiers of the war of 1S12. We have no details.

Mexican War

Until the Civil war of 1861, only one national contest had engaged the attention of our people - the war against Mexico, in 1S46-48. Delaware county took but .small part in the conflict of arms, only about one dozen men participating, though at one time a company was recruited here and its services tendered to the state. On June 6, 1846, the Muncic Journal published the following call for the enrollment of volunteers:

"I \Ym. Van Matre, colonel of 69th Reg. of Indiana Militia, having received orders from Brig. Gen. of 22d Brig, to organize militia under my command, do hereby request that all citizens of Delaware county subject to military enrollment meet at Muncic on Saturday, 13th of June, to enroll themselves, form companies and <-lect officers.

"X. B. The object of the above call is that the Indiana Militia may be placed* in a proper condition for any military requisition that the exigencies of our countrv may require." _

On designated day was a large gathering and address by Gen. kilgore. "At the close of his remarks, the general himself setting the example, some sixty odd came forward and enrolled their names as volunteers."

The company then elected David Kilgore captain ; Thomas J. Sample, first lieutenant; John S. Sarver, second lieutenant, and William J. Brady, orderly sergeant. Great efforts were made to have the company accepted by the state. The "Muncie Guards" sent their messenger, Mr. Kilgore, to Indianapolis on horseback, but after an all night ride his arrival was too late; Indiana's quota was already filled. However, the organization was kept up for some time. A new requisition for a regiment of infantry was made by Governor Whitcomb in April, 1847, and the following May 22 the Muncie Journal mentioned the presence of two recruiting officers for the "Marion Guards." "Notwithstanding they were with us but a few hours, and no notice whatever of their coming was had, a number enrolled themselves and were sworn into the company." On the 21st of April, 1S47, three men started on foot from Yorktown for Anderson to enlist for Mexico. Thev found already there nine others from Delaware county. The following are the names of the twelve : William T. Collins, Firman V. Carmichael, Abel Gibson, James Halstead, Joseph E. Hurt, Samuel Macum, James Moore, George W. Parkinson, William S. Reeves, Joseph Secrist, William Sutton and Alexander Williamson. Two others from Delaware countv, William Simmons and Jesse Sheary, joined a regiment which was organized later. The twelve first named became members of Company "A" in the Fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. The following officers were chosen to command : Captain, John M. Wallace, of Marion ; first lieutenant. Decatur Carey, of Grant county ; second lieutenant, John W. Dodd, of Grant countv; third lieutenant. Xineveh Berry, of Madison county; Willis A. Gorman was made colonel and Ebenezer Durnont, lieutenant colonel. To Mr. George W. Parkinson, a member of the regiment, a worthy citizen of Yorktown, and later an officer in the Eighth Indiana Infantry in the Civil war,

The company marched to Edinburg, south of Indianapolis. There it took passage on the cars of the Madison and Indianapolis Railroad, which had just been completed to Edinburg. For most of the company these cars wore the first they had ever seen. They went by rail to Madison, and by steamer to Jeuersonville, at which place the regiment completed its organization and was mustered into the service. After remaining at Jcflcrsonvillc about four weeks, the regiment went by steamer to New Orleans, stopped there two weeks, thence proceed!: , m two divisions, and in different steamers, on its way to the seat of war.

Soon after passing out upon the Gulf of Mexico the vessel upon which was embarked the right wing of the regiment, to which Company "A" belonged, exploded one of her boilers, apparently disabling the boat. Several ir.en were killed, among them Firman Y. Carmichacl, one of the soldiers from Delaware county. Sixty-five of the men went to the shore in three beat loads. The first load carried the remains of their dead comrade to the land for burial. While they were performing that mournful service, the two other boats came, and those who were in them said that the whole body were coming on shore ; but, for some reason unknown to those who had been landed, the steamer found means to go on her way, and left that company of sixty-five men to their fate ! There they were, in the Louisiana swamps, without food and with no suitable water, and perhaps two days' journey from any settlement. But the boys would never say "die," and off they tramped for two days to Sabine City, at the mouth of Sabine river, fasting as they went. At that place they staid a week.

In some way a man went from Sabine City on horseback to Galveston to carry the news. An old schooner, the Lone Star, was sent to. hunt them up, and at Galveston they rejoined their comrades. There they "boarded" the Robinson Crusoe for Brazos Santiago, near the mouth of the Rio Grande, and went on thence up the Rio Grande to Camp Mier, perhaps two hundred miles, and reported to General Taylor. He ordered them to Vera Cruz, and so back they marched to the mouth of the river, whence they were taken to Ycra Cruz and sent forward into the heart of Mexico. At Yera Cruz had lately arrived the Fourth Ohio, five companies from Pennsylvania, and a cavalry company from Louisiana, Capt. Walker. Gen. Scott had taken Ycra Cruz, fought Cerro Gordo, captured Puebla, and e^one forward to right the terrible battles around the capital city. But the Mexican forces iiad turned back, and were laying siege to Puebla, defended by the gallant Gen. Chilcis, with his handful of men.

Tust then the little army from the coast came up, fought and won the battle of Huamantla, scattered the swarming foe, raised the siege, and saved the city and its garrison.

Thev went no further, but stayed in the vicinity of Puebia for several months, having some skirmishes and street conflicts but no heavy righting. Peace was made, and the soldiers came home. The men from Delaware county arrived at Indianapolis the last of August, 1S4S. Except Carmichael, killed by the explosion, all the "Delaware squad" survived.

William Sutton was nearly blind, and the severe sunshine made him worse, so that he could scarcely see at all, and he was discharged early; but all the others "went the rounds," and came home again safe and sound. "Wc are enabled to announce the arrival of most of the Delaware volunteers. .Messrs. NclY, Stone, llalstead, Reeves, Collins, Moore, Williamson and Gibson arrived here Sunday. As soon as it was announced that the volunteers were near town our citizens were on the alert, some mounted on horses and others on loot, to meet them, and Moon's corner (now known as the Patterson block) and the street west to the suburbs of town were literally crowded with citizens." (From Indiana Signal, August 24, 1848.) The two first above named were probably volunteers from the county of Randolph.

Alexander Armstrong, a soldier of the Mexican war, lived in Shelby county, Ohio. He had two sons and one daughter. In the year 1SS1 he came to spend the winter with the family of the late William K. Helvie, of Yorktown, Indiana. He died suddenly from heart failure March 13, 1881, a^-ed sixty-eight years, and was buried in the Yorktown cemetery.

John Holbert, a soldier in the Mexican and Civil wars, was born in Ilagerstown, Washington County, Maryland. February 17, 1S22. He acquired a limited education, and afterwards learned the tailor's trade. In 1S46 he removed to Butler county, Ohio, where he enlisted as a private soldier in the First Ohio Volunteers, in Captain John 13. Welter's company, Second Rifles. Serving his term of one year, he was discharged at New Orleans, and returned to Cutler county, Ohio, in the fall of 1847. He married Miss Mary M. Fadcly, April 7, 1848. In 1S50 he came to Delaware county and settled in Smithfield, where he continued to follow his trade, until the fall of 1S62, when he enlisted in Captain William's Company K of the Nineteenth Regiment, Indiana Volunteers. In the engagement at Hatcher's Run. near Petersburg, Virginia, he lost his left leg, which was amputated in the field. In 1806 he was elected trustee of Liberty township, which position he filled for six years, when he was, in 1S72, elected treasurer of Delaware county, and re-elected in 1874. At the close of his life Mr. Holbert removed to his' farm a few miles out on the Centennial pike, and here he died., July 2S, 1S83, aged sixty-one years, live months and eleven days. He was buried in Leech Grove cemetery.

James Mcore, a soldier of the Mexican and Civil wars, was born in the vear 1S23. He was a member of Company A. Fifth Regment, Indiana \olunteers, and also of Company C, Eighth Indiana Volunteers. He died December 4, 1893, aged sixty-nine years, six months and fourteen days, and was buried in the Jones cemetery. We are not prepared with, data sufficient for an account of the service of this soldier of two wars. We are told, however, that the storming of the fortress of Chapultcpec furnished -real opportunity for the exercise of his descriptive powers, and these he used with such persistence that some wag gave him the name of that historic place, and it remained with him all the rest of his life.

William Sutton, a soldier of the Mexican war, died July 19, 1863, aged thirty-eight years, three tilths and twenty-seven da...-. lie was buried in Iiccch Grove cemetery. We have no data of his life or particulars of his service.

Alexander Williamson, a soldier of the Mexican war, was born in the year 1829 in the state of Ohio. He was a member of the Fifth Indiana Infantry Volunteers. After escaping the perils and dangers incident to the career of a soldier, he returned in safety to his home. Some years later he v.ent to the Pacific coast, where he engaged in mining. Like many a man who has had army experience, he frequently related the details of his service to willing hearers. Upon one of these occasions, to a group of men who were his companions and camp associates, he spent part of an evening in lighting over again some of the scraps with the "Greasers." It happened there was a Mexican in the party at the time. Soon after one of the Americans present told Williamson "to keep an eye on the Mexican," as, wdien the relation of his war experience was under way, "the fellow had turned all kinds of color, and he might do him harm." Williamson thought but little of it and remarked: "I am the only man in camp who can speak the Spanish language, and I can get along with him." The day following, in an unguarded moment, when Williamson was watching the cloud' of smoke he blew from a cigar, the Mexican stabbed him three times with a knife. It was one hundred miles to a doctor, but one was brought and did the best he knew to relieve the suffering soldier. But all was in vain. He died a few days later. Before he passed away he was permitted to see his murderer hung from the limb of a tree which stood not far away. He was buried in Jacksonville, Oregon, where he remained until the year 1S96, when his remains were brought home and buried near the family monument in the Yorklown cemetery. At one time Mr. Williamson raised and commanded a company of miners, who rescued a train of emigrants which had been surrounded by Indians. The full details of his very interesting and thrilling experience in the West would exceed the bounds of a sketch of this kind.

"On hcliall* of the State of Indiana, I ten. lor to yon fur the defen.se of the Nation, and to uphold the authority of the Government, ten thousand men.

The call of the President issued on the same day for seventy-five thousand troops greatly stimulated the military ardor of the people, and volunteers came forward in great numbers to offer their services. Who that livct, during those exciting days of the Civil war period can ever forget them? In the county of Delaware, which up to that time knew so little of war, some preparations had already been made. When the Government undertook to reinforce the garrison and send supplies to Fort Sumter, and the Star of the West was fired upon, the signs of the coming contest were evident to all thoughtful people. Then it was that the nucleus of our first organization was begun. It bore the name of "The Minute Men of Muncie." The company was drilled in "Scott's Tactics," by the only man then in this locality who had seen service and knew the duties and demands of a soldier's life.* An attempt was made to have the company accepted by the state, but that step was premature and nothing came of it at that time. The name was subsequently changed to the "Delaware Guards." At a meeting held in the courthouse on the night of April 16, 1S61, at which Judge John Brady presided, the ranks were filled. Thomas J. Brady (afterwards brigadier general by brevet) was elected captain, who at once proceeded to the state capitol, tendered the company to Governor Morton, which was promptly accepted and ordered to report for duty immediately. It was later known as Company "D," Eighth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. Bright and early on the morning of April iS the ringing of the bell at the courthouse called the Guards together ; the company was formed on East Main, right resting at Walnut street. Here each member was presented with a testament. A beautiful banner, the gift of the loyal ladies of Muncie, was also accepted and unfurled at the front of the line. Then, led by the Muncie Cornet Band playing "Hail Columbia," and accompanied and cheered by hundreds of sympathetic and patriotic citizens, these raw recruits marched to the station on what was then the Indianapolis and Bellefontaine Railroad.

The scene at the station was one always to be remembered. There were many touching and tearful farewells by the loyal people who saw these first volunteers depart, and who were to be followed to the field by two thousand of her brave sons before the war ended.

"Lieutenant Joseph Kirk, who had recently closed a three years' term of service in the United States Army. His regiment was on the frontier rind participated in the campaign under the command of General Albert Sidney Johnston against the Mormon* in Utah.

The journey to the capita! was one continued ovation. People at towns anci villages crowded to sec the strange spectacle of an organized body of men on the way to the field of strife. Cannon and anvils thundered their greetings; cheers were mingled with tears; bands played stirring national airs. The hearts of those boyish soldiers swelled with emotions of pride as they hurriedly passed to obey the summons to defend the flag so gloriously fluttering in the morning sunbe: ;-> .

The Eighth Regiment, Ind: -a Infantry Volunteers, was organized and mustered into service for three months at Camp Morton in Indianapolis by Major Thomas J. Wood, on April 25, iS6i, with William P. Benton as colonel. On the 19th of June it marched by rail to Clarksburg, in Western Virginia, via Cincinnati, Marietta and Parkersburg. Remaining here two Jays engaged in building fortifications, it marched thence to Buckhannon, thirty miles away, where the enemy were reported to be encamped. Upon arrival the enemy had abandoned the place and moved toward Rich Mountain. Here the Eighth was reviewed by General McClellan on July 4, and assigned to the Brigade commanded by General Rosecrans. Three days later the column under General McClellan, consisting of three Brigades, had marched to Roaring Creek, about two miles from Colonel Pegram's position at Rich Mountain. A reconnoissance made on the 10th showed the enemy in a very strong position, difficult to assail by a front attack. In the evening Rosecrans took to McClellan a young man named Hart,* whose father lived on the mountain two miles in the rear of the Confederate position. He proposed to guide a column of infantry, by a trail making a circuit to the right of eight miles, up the rocky slopes to his father's farm.

The Eighth regiment left its camp on the afternoon of the 10th, spent the night on outpost duty and at daybreak the following morning marched at the head of the brigade to make the ascent of the mountain and assail the enemy in his rear. The march up the mountain through dense thickets of chaparral was slow and toilsome. It took ten hours' climbing to reach the vicinity 01 the Hart homestead.

The Muncie company, "D," was deployed at the front and retained the position until near the spot where the enemy opened fire. Standing in full view of a mountain road, which crossed the farm at a right angle, the cap-

'Pavid B. Hart, the guide who led the column, belonged to a historic family. Ills father, .Joseph Hart, who owned the farm, ami arounil whoso home the battle was fought, was a grandson of John Hart of New .Jersey, one of she signers of the Declaration of Independence. Upon the reorganization of the lOlli Indiana. David Har: enlisted and was appointed Commissary Sergeant. He died a: Xashviilo. Tenn., March 20. 1-ol-. He had three brothers. Squire B.. Alexander P. an.i George D.. all of whom taw service in :he Union array during the Civil war. The v. ri;..-r learned these facts about the Kart familv while upon a visit to tiie old homestead and battlefield, in H05.

tain did not correctly understand the guide, and, upon reaching the r..- turned to the right, while the movement should have been to the leu. march was at a quick step; before the mistake was discovered the rc~i::v had moved its entire length in the wrong direction. Following closely c?.-t the Tenth Indiana Regiment, whose leading company took the left h;.;- and in a few moments received the first fire of the enemy.

The entire brigade, consist i ig of tiic Eighth, Tenth, Thirteenth In. diana, Nineteenth Ohio and Bunlsall's Ohio Cavalry, pressed forward, t!.r infantry becoming engaged with the enemy's line, posted behind fortifications. While the column under General Rosccrans was making the movement upon the llank of the Confederate line, a mounted courier dashed un the turn pike with dispatches from General McClcllan. Passing the trail by which the troops, at break of day, had left the main highway, he pressed onward, and at a sudden turn in the road found himself face to face with the outpost of the enemy. Knowing the importance of the message he bore the brave man undertook to make his escape. He was badly wounded, h;.< horse was killed and he was a prisoner. Refusing to make known the purpose of his ride, because it might hazard the success of the marching column, he was charged with being a spy, and was about to be treated as sue!: when he pointed to his boot, now filled with blood from his wound. Uixm removing the boot the dispatch was found, which fully explained his business and revealed the movement of the flanking column.

It also caused the hurried preparations at the top of the mountain, and explained the hastily constructed line of entrenchments manned with troops and cannon which confronted the column under Genera! Rosccrans when it approached the Hart homestead. The ground was rough and rocky, the men were for the first time under fire, and the skirmishing combat continued for two or three hours. Then a charge by part of the Union line, aided by some heavy volleys by a portion of the force which had secured a good position, broke the enemy's line, leaving his killed, wounded and some prisoners in the hands of the victorious Federals. Reinforcements from Pcgram's main position were near at hand, also a regiment was approaching from the direction of Beverly, but all were too late, and Rosccrans was in possession of the field and directed his men to rest upon their arms until the next morning. The march and assault was made in rain and storm.

The Confederates left twenty wounded on the field and sixty-three were surrendered at the lower camp. Xo reliable report of their dead was ever made. All the residue of Pegram's forces, after two days' wandering among the mountains, came in and surrendered to General McClcllan. Rosccrans' loss had been twelve killed and forty-nine wounded. Of the latter were five from the Muncic company. The affair at Rich .Mountain and subsequent movements were but minor events in a great war. But out of this brief

,,:.,re it remained a short lime. On the 24th of July it marched to Webster, ,:;,1 thence moved by rail to Indianapolis, where, on August 6, it was nuis- . ;,,; out ot the service. The (irring events of the campaign furnished . ,U'iC real service in these opening days of the great war. The Confederate ;,,rCe.s not killed or captured beat a precipitate retreat over the mountains. McCIellan was the hero of the hour. In congratulatory orders to his troops, announced that "they had annihilated two armies, commanded by educated and experienced soldiers, intrenched in mountain fastnesses fortified -1 ihoir leisure." The news thrilled the country and pleased the men who ;..re experienced their first "baptism of fire." But how like a holidav excur- ,.;.?! were th.ese few weeks among the Virginia mountains wdien compared ...id) the stern and bitter experiences which followed, when men remained : , die field for months and years, enduring, suffering, and thousands of them

Jefferson City on September 14, where it was assigned to the brigade commanded by Col. Jeff. C. Davis of the Twenty-second Indiana Volunteers On the 22d the march was resumed for Springfield, which place it reached after fourteen days' march, and returned to Ottcrville in seven days. On the 17th of December the Eighth marched to Warrcnsburg and assisted in the capture of thirteen hi:; ired rebels. Returning to Ottcrville, it remained in camp until January 24. ''-> when it marched for Springfield, joining the command of General Curtis on the route. From there the march v\;;s continued to Cross Timbers, Arkansas, and immediately the three days' battle of Pea Ridge was fought on March 6, 7 and 8, in which the Eighth bore an honorable part.

After remaining nearly one month in camp at Cross Timbers, it then moved in the direction of Forsythe, Missouri, over the Ozark Mountains, and then proceeded down the valley of White River and across the country to Batesviile, Arkansas, halting nearly two months at Sulphur Rock. Leaving here June 22, it reached Helena, on the Mississippi river, on the 13th 0: July. The command endured much suffering on this arduous march by reason of scarcity of provisions, there being but a scanty supply with the command and but little in the country ; very often the daily ration consisted of four ears of corn with a small allowance of meat. Some skirmishing with the enemy took place among the canebrakes of White river and there was an engagement fought at Cotton Plant. In August, while on an expedition from Helena, a skirmish occurred at Austin, Mississippi. On October 6 the Eighth was placed in the command of General Steele and proceeded bv steamer to Sulphur Hill, near St. Louis, from which place it marched to Ironton, Missouri, on the Ilth of October, and from thence marched and countermarched through the southeastern part of the state, until March 5, 1S63. when the regiment embarked on a steamer at St. Genevieve to join General Grant's army at Milliken's Bend, Louisiana. Here it was assigned to Benton's Brigade, Carr's Division, of the Thirteenth Corps, then commanded by General McClernand. The regiment crossed the Mississippi river on the 29th of April and participated in the engagement at Port Gibson, on the 1st of May, losing thirty-two in killed and wounded; at Jackson on the 14th; at Champion Hills on the 16th ; at Black River Bridge on the 17th ; and from the 19th of May till the 4th of July was engaged in the siege of Yicksburg. In the assault on the enemy's work on the 22d of June the Eighth lost one hundred and seventeen in killed and wounded. On the 5th of July it marched to Jackson, which, being evacuated by the enemy, the Eighth returned to Yicksburg on the 24th of July, where it remained until the 20th of August, when it embarked on a steamer for Carrolhon, Louisiana. From here a campaign was made through the Teche country under Gen. Banks. On the 12th of November the regiment embarked from iier- wick City for Texas, and on the 17th took part in the attack and capture , j a fort 011 Mustang Island, near Aransas Pass. On the 271I1 it was engaged in the attack and capture of Fort Esperanza, after which it marched -0 Indianola. Here on January I, 1864, the regiment re-cnlistcd, 417 out of 515 being rcmustercd as veterans. Prior to this date the Eighth had lost 4S killed in battle, 32 died of wounds, 137 died of disease, a total of 217.

The regiment arrived at Indianapolis April 22 and remained on veteran -::riough in the state one month. Returning to New jrleans, it embarked on July 27 for Morganza Bend, and the following day marched to Atchafaiaya, where it engaged the enemy and returned to Morganza Bend, from which point it embarked for Washington City, arriving on the 12th of August; From thence it marched to Berryville, Virginia, where it was assigned to the Nineteenth Corps, and participated in the campaign of the Shenandoah Valley, under General Sheridan. The regiment was in the en^aTment at Opequan on the 19th of September, the battle of Fisher's Kill on :rx 22d of September, and of Cedar Creek on the 19th of October. Leaving -he Valley on January 6, 1S65, it reached Savannah, Georgia, from Baltimore by steamer on the 16th of the same month. It remained on dutv in Georgia until August 2S, 1S65, when it was mustered out of service.

On the 17th of September the Eighth arrived at Indianapolis, in command of Lieutenant Colonel John R. Polk, with 14 officers and 245 men, where it was finally discharged from service, after being publicly received in the capitol grounds by Governor Morton on behalf of the slate.

The line of duty carried the men of the Eighth regiment over a wide field. Their marches and campaigns embraced the states of Virginia, West Virginia, Missouri, Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Georgia and Texas. Hard battles were fought in nearly all of these states, and the graves of those who fell by death or wounds upon the field, by sickness from exposure and hardships which severely tested the endurance of the bravest oi iv.cn would make a long list. Only experience of a like nature can enable one to fully comprehend what these brave men endured in behalf of their country.

Statistics

Major - Thomas .1. Brndv; commissions! May 10, 1S02; promoted to Colonel of ;>... Ono Hundred ami Seventeenth Kogimeiit, September li), ISOIi; was mustered out nt 1!:,. expiration of term, six months; re-entered as Colonel of the One Hundred and Forti.-.l, Ko'-iment for one year, October 20, JSG4, and was mustered out with the regimen:, July 11, 1S65; meantime he had been appointed Brigadier General by brevet, March

COMPANY A. C-ipi-iin - Thomas J. Brady; promoted to Major; Colonel of the One Hundred and 'Seventeenth Regiment ; Colonel of the Oae Hundred and Fortieth Regiment; mustered out of service July 11, 1SG5. .

First Lieutenant - George W. P.irkison, resigned December 31, lsol. Second Lieutenant - Andrew O 'Daniel; promoted to !- irst Lieutenant; Captain; killed in action at Vicksburg May 22. 1<1>3.

"CorpornD - .fames 11. Adams, veteran, promoted to Second Lieutenant, mustered out priwe Vii'ust "> 1M"'5: Jacob II. Kin/ev. vri.-ian; John C. Gaunt, transierrcd to Veteran Ve'serve Corps; Andrew Hidenour, killed at Vicksburg, May 22, lNiS; George Fvisron dischar-'cd 1561. disabililv; Thomas Con,,:;, veteran, .lied at Savannah, Georgia, Tpril 1NJ5-" George Craw, killed at Vieksburg, May 22, 15,03; William A. Gate,

Warmer - William CoiVe.-u, mustered out as private, September -., 1504. PHvatcs-Josiah P. Adams, veteran; William G Bcath, veteran captured at Cedar Creek Virginia; Joseph Brown, veteran; John Carnun, veteran, Corporal, burint- George Cummins, liichnrd K. Craw. Benjamin Drake, veteran, appointed Cor-

Thirteenth Regiment

THIRTEENTH REGIMENT. Mustered into .service at Indianapolis, June 19, 1S61. Jeremiah C. Sullivan, colonel. Officers, 71; men, 970; recruits, 192; total, 1,239. Officers died, S; men died. 128; deserted, 103. Mustered out at Goldsboro, North Carolina, September 5. 1863; 29 officers and 550 men. Only five names from Delaware county have been found in this regiment.

Charles Brown, transferred to Thirteenth Kegiment, re-organized; mustered out September 5, 1SG5. William J. Ranier, promoted to Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant; mustered out November If', 1SG4.

Company Ii Sixteenth Regiment

The Nineteenth Regiment was organized and mustered into service for three years at Indianapolis on July 29, 1S61, with Solomon .Meredith as colonel. Leaving the capita! on the 5th of August, it joined the Army of the Potomac at Washington on the 9th of the same month. On the nth of September it was engaged in the affair al Lcwinsville, losing three killed and wounded and three prisoners.

Subsequently it participated in the advance upon Falls Church, and then went into quarters at Fort Craig, on Arlington Heights. On March 10. 1S62, it marched with the First Corps, under Gen. McDowell, to Fredericksburg, from whence it moved in May towards the Shenandoah Valley, and then to Warrenton. Remaining here until the 5th of August, it marched to Fredericksburg, and from thence on rcconnoissancc to Spotsylvania Court House. On the 10th it reached Cedar Mountain, where it remained until the army retired before the advance of the enemy. While on the retreat the brigade to which the Nineteenth was attached had a severe engagement with Ewell's command at Gainesville on the night of the 2Sth of August, the regiment losing 1S7 killed and wounded and 33 missing. Major Isaac M. May was killed in this action. At Manassas Junction, on the 30th, it was again engaged with but slight loss, after which it marched with the army to Washington, and thence to Frederick City, Maryland.

On the 14th of September the regiment participated in the battle of South Mountain, serving in the First Corps, commanded by General Reynolds, and losing 40 killed and wounded and 7 missing.

In the battle of Antictam, on the 17th, it was conspicuously engaged, going into the battle with about 200 officers and men, and coming out with but },j officers and men ; among the killed was Lieutenant Colonel Alois O. Eachman. After the battle the regiment lay encamped near Sharpsburg, where it remained until the middle of October. Colonel Meredith having received promotion as brigadier general on the 6th of October, Lieutenant Colonel Samuel J. Williams was advanced to the grade of a colonel.

Crossing the Potomac on the 30th of October, the regiment moved to Warrenton, from whence it moved to the Rappahannock, near Fredericksburg, and participated in Burnsidc's attempt to assault the rebel works at that place on the 12th and 13th of December. After this it went into winter quarters at Belie Plaine.

On the 28th oi April, 1S63, the Nineteenth marched to Fitzhugh's Crossing, below Fredericksburg, where it passed the Rappahannock on the following morning and engaged the enemy, losing four killed and wounded. The movement at this point being a feint to enable the main army to cross the river above, on the 2d of May General Reynolds rccrossed the Rappahannock with the First Corps and marched to United States Ford, cros.-in^ over before day on the 3d and taking position in the line of battle near Chanccllorsvillc, but was not engaged. On the 21st of May it marched to

Westmoreland Court House, and assisted the return of a cavalry force sent in that direction, and on the 121I1 of June it commenced its march northward, crossing into Maryland at Edward's Ferry, and marching through Frederick City, reached the battlefield of Gettysburg just as the engagement was opening or. lite morning of the 1st of July.

It was the first infantry force to engage the enemy, and in a charge made by the First Division, of the First Corps assisted in defeating the enemy and capturing Archer's rebel brigade. In the afternoon the regiment unengaged in the resistance made to the desperate charge made by the rebel army upon the First and Eleventh Corps, and was forced to fall back to Cemetery Hill. During the day the regiment lost 210 out of 288 that went into battle. On the 2d and 3d of July the Nineteenth occupied a position on Cemeterv Hill, but was not actively engaged, though somewhat exposed to the enemv's fire: its loss after the first day was but two wounded.

On the iSth of July the regiment crossed the Potomac at Berlin, and proceeded to Rappahannock Station, where it arrived on the 1st of August. It then moved to Culpepper, where it remained until the operations against Mine Run in November, in which it participated.

At the close of the campaign the regiment took up winter quarters, and was not engaged in active duty until the following spring. During the winter of 1S64 a portion of the regiment re-enlisted at Culpepper, Virginia, and these soon after spent some time in Indiana on veteran furlough.

Moving with Grant's army across the Rapidan on the 4th of May, the Nineteenth participated in the battles that followed, including those in the Wilderness, at Laurel Hill, North Anna and Cold Harbor.

At the Wilderness, on the 5th of May, Colonel Williams was killed, and soon after Lieutenant Colonel John M. Lindley was commissioned his successor. In the siege of Petersburg the Nineteenth was almost constantly on duty, and in the assault on the enemy's works on the iSth of June it bore a conspicuous part.

The losses sustained by the regiment from the crossing of the Rapidan to the 30th of July are reported as follows: Killed, 36; severely wounded, 94; slightly wounded, 74; missing, 16 - total, 220.

The non-veterans left the regiment early in August, and on reaching Indianapolis were mustered out of service. The remaining members were afterward consolidated with the Twentieth Indiana regiment.

Iron Brigade

In October, 1S61, what was later known as the "Iron Brigade," was organized under Gen. Rufus King, composed of the Second, Sixth and Seventh Wisconsin regiments and Nineteenth Indiana, to which Battery B, Fourth United States Artillery, was soon after assigned. Many members of this historic company of artillerists were details from the infantry of the brigade. It was commanded then by Captain, afterwards General John Gibbon. What was later known as Stewart's battery met with the greatest aggregate of loss of any light artillery in the service during the Civil war. There is little doubt that more men fell at Stewart's guns than in any other battery in the Union armies, (n proportion to its numbers this brigade sustained the heaviest losses of any in the war. The name of the Jron Brigade was a title well merited, and honestly earned, by hard fighting on many a hotly contested and sanguinary field. At Gainesville the four regiments lost: Killed, 148; wounded, 626; missing, 120 - a total of 894 out of about 2,000 engaged. Yet this heroic body of troops which met Ewcll's division was reported at the time as having had a "skirmish." October, 1S62, the Twenty-fourth Michigan was assigned to the brigade. At Gettysburg the five regiments were engaged, losing 162 killed, 724 wounded and 267 missing - a total of 1,153 out OI' I»SS3 engaged, 61 per cent.

The percentage of killed and died of wounds by regiments is as follows: Second Wisconsin, 19.7 per cent; Sixth Wisconsin, 12.5 per cent; Seventh Wisconsin, 17.2 per cent; Nineteenth Indiana, 15.9; Twenty-fourth Michigan, 15. 2.

The Nineteenth Indiana sustained the greatest loss in battle of anv regiment from Indiana. Credit has been given to the Twentieth Indiana, but it is believed unjustly, because the losses sustained from October 18, 1S64, the date of consolidation, were credited to the Twentieth Indiana. The Iron Brigade took part in the following engagements:

Kkoimental Owiceks

Major - William Orr, "commissioned August -1, ISC-i; promoted to Colonel of t'..o Twentieth, on final consolidation; honorably discharged May 15, 1SG3.

Second Lieutenant - Alonzo J. Makepeace, promoted to First Lieutenant - to Cap tain; honorably discharged March 12, 1SG5; paroled prisoner of war.

Sergeants - Julius Voir, promoted to Second Lieutenant, resigned December 13, 1SG2; Adam Gissc, wounded, promoted to Second Lieutenant, mustered out July 12, 1SG5.

Sergeants - Isaac W. Wittemcyer, promoted to Second Lieutenant - to First Lientenant, left the armv January 7, 1SG4: George C. Stewart, discharged in 1S62, for disability; William Fisher, died October 6, 1861; John D. Perrong, wounded, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps; Isaac Branson, wounded, promoted to Second Lieutenant - to First Lieutenant, mustered out October 2G, 1SG4.

Corporals - Henrv C. Klein, mustered out September 23, ISG-i; Andrew J. McLeroy, died March 31. 1S02;' George A. Reynolds, mustered out September 23, ISG-i ; Fdv.in O. Burt, veteran, wounded at Petersburg, transferred to Twentieth Regiment; Oliver Carmichael, appointed Sergeant, wounded, transferred to Twentieth Regiment: George W. Vnn Matrc, record indefinite; Thomas K. Miehencr, appointed Sergeant, killed at Gettysburg: Joseph Collins, discharged 1SG2, for disability.

' Musicians - John B. Armstrong, discharged early, from disability; Spencer D. Richardson, veteran, wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, transferred to Twentieth Regiment, mustered out July 19, 1SG5.

SeobGGun\>p.VCteran' tra,,St'errcd io th« twentieth Regiment. Joseph Garrard, transferred to the Twentieth Regiment T P tV."C1vIP' tKU,sferrc'1 to the Twentieth He' Lent John P Ilclvie, transferred to the Twentieth Re^imcnrt Jasper Hoppw, transferred to the Twentieth

Corporals - Joseph i'. Carder, promoted to First Lieutenant Twentieth Regiment, mustered out December 0, 1K(M; Mason Hitchcock, died September 22, 18G1; Thomas Winsct, appointed Sergeant, killed at Gettysburg July 1, 1S63; Joseph M. Helvic, veteran, wounded at the Wilderness, transferred to the Twentieth Regiment; Elijah Bales, veteran, transferred to Twentieth Regiment, mustered nut July 12, 1SG5"; John W. Moore, veteran, wounded at Gettysburg, transferred to Twentieth Regiment, mustered out duly 10, ISO.j : William 11. Murray, wounded at South Mountain and Wilderness, promoted to Second Lieutenant, brevctted Captain, resigned September 14, 1SG4; John M. Hubbard, mustered out July 2S, ISG-t, as Chief Musician.

Milton X. Goff, promoted First Lieutenant, Company E, One Hundred and Fortyseventh Regiment; wounded at Chancellursville; mustered out July 2S, 1SG1.

Silas Iliatt, discharged -V i i ii 1U, 1*0-1, fur disability. David V. Hamer, li-mwfVn-od to the Twentieth Regiment; mustered out. Daniel I.. Hawk, wounded at Petersburg, transferred to Twentieth Regiment, discharged April :>, 1SG5, for disability.

The Twenty-first Regiment was organized and mustered as an infantry organization for three years at Indianapolis on the 24th of July, 1S61 with James \V. McMillan as colonel.

The following- week it was ordered East, reaching Baltimore August 3, where it remained until February 19. 1862, during which time it participated in Gen. Lock wood's expedition to the eastern shore of Virginia. The regiment sailed for Newport News, from which place it embarked, on March 4, on the steamship Constitution as part of the fleet of Gen. Butler in his movement against the city > 1 New Orleans.

On the 151I1 of April it left Ship Island on the ship Great Republic, which laid off the mouth of I ie Southwest Pass during the bombardment of Forts St. Phillip and Jackson, after which, on the 29th of April, a portion of the regiment lauded in the rear of St. Phillip and waded across to the Quarantine, while the balance went through Pass L'Outre up the Mississippi to New Orleans. This portion of the regiment was the first of Butler's army to touch the New Orleans wharf on May 1, and marched up into the city, the regimental band playing "Picayune Cutler's Coming, Coming."

The Twenty-first went into camp at Algiers, where it remained until the 30th of May, making frequent forays into the interior; it also captured many steamers in Red river, and the sea-going blockade-runner Fox, at the mouth of Grand Caillon, on the Gulf coast. On June 1 the regiment was landed at Baton Rouge, where it remained until the post was evacuated. On the 5th of August it participated in the battle of Baton Rouge, fighting for over three and a half hours against an entire brigade without faltering, and sustaining a loss of 126 killed and wounded. Adjutant Latham and Lieutenants Sccley, Grinstead and Bryant were killed in this engagement. After this the regiment went into camp near Carrollton, and on the Sth of September it surprised Waller's Texas Rangers at Des Allemands, killing twelve and capturing thirty or forty prisoners. The Twenty-first went to Berwick's Bay in October, where it remained until the latter part of February, 1S63. During its stay in this region a portion of the regiment was temporarilv transferred to gunboats and participated in daily fights with the ironclad "Cotton," and accompanied Weitzel's advance up the Bayou Teche, taking part in the fight at Cornet's Bridge and the destruction of the "Cotton."

In February, 1S63. the regiment was, by order of Gen. Banks, changed to heavy artillery service, and designated the First Heavy Artillery, and in July and October, under orders from the War Department, two additional companies - "L" and "M" - were organized and added to the regiment.

A portion of the regiment accompanied Gen. Banks up the Teche, and participated in the second battle of Camp Eisland. Subsequently the regiment, with the exception of two companies, was transported up the Mississippi, and took part in the siege of Port Hudson, in which it distinguished

:.;C!f for the remarkable accuracy of its firing. The loss to the regiment Airing tlic siege of forty-two days was 2S in killed, wounded and missing.

On the 21st of June part of one company manned a light battery in a contested little light at Lafourch Crossing, and on the 23d of fuiie most of Company "F" was captured at I'.rashear City. In August tiircc companies, under .Major Koy, joined the expedition to Sabine Pass, ,;11| engaged the enemy at that place. During the winter of 1S63 and 1864 a l.ire;e majority of the regiment rc-cnlisted and were re::: iered as veterans at New Orleans. Soon after the veterans visited Indiana, when a grand rece'ition was given them at Metropolitan Hall, Indianapolis, on February 19, iS('>4, at which addresses were made by Gov. Morton, Mayor Cavcn, Gen. Ilovcy, and Cols. James R Slack ami John A. Keith.

In the disastrous expedition of Gen. Banks up Red river in March 1864, Companies "G" and "II" bore an active part, after which the various companies of the regiment were stationed for duty at difrerer.t points in the Department of the Gulf. In April, 1S65, six batteries of the First Heavy Artillery, under command of Major Roy. participated in the investment of Mobile, the reduction of Forts Morgan and Gaines and Spanish Fort, and the capture of Mobile. At the close of active operations the different batteries were assigned to duty at Forts Morgan, Pickens and Earancas, and in the works at Baton Rouge and other points of river defense, with regimental headquarters at Mobile up to and after October, 1S65, and was finally mustered out January 10, 1S66.

Luens Brandt mustered out as Corporal; Job W. Crablrec, Jacob Conklc, 'William M. Gardner, Jeremiah (ierrnrd, musiered out as Corporal; John Hamilton, mustered out as Coriontl- Ilenrv Iloagland, Waller [Taines, William I.oce, James M. Pursley.

Hums K. HulV, at Now Orleans, DivpmiImt 15. 1SG4. William Uliiiili's. -li'.-l «t K..rl Morgan. Ah.., April 1, IMm. Chnuucoy W. Scaring, di.-vhurged rVbiunry L-'l), ISO.j, lor disability.

n \V null- .lan.es W. Holing mustered out as Corporal; Jasper Lucas. Ifcuucn Luens ;' Cornelius' Tarvin; Albert N. Van Clevo, mustered out January 10, ISIHi.

T i'lli Brittnn- f;..,,r-'<' W Cofi'eou, mustered "I as Corporal; Cyril C. Jones, mustered out m Corporal; Join. A. Keener, William li. Soaw, John S. Wilcuxon, Henry C. Wool.

The Thirty-sixth Regiment was organized at Richmond and mustered for three years' service on September 16, lS6i, with William Grose as colonel, and soon after left Indianapolis with 1,047 men, rank and file, reporting next day to Gen. Sherman at Louisville. It remained at Xew Haven, Kentucky, taking lessons in the school of the soldier until December 15, when it reached Camp Wickliffc, there being assigned to the Tenth Erigade, under command of Colonel Jacob Ammon. Like many other inexperienced but enthusiastic volunteers, the men of the regiment were impressed with the idea that the war might end and they have no parr in it. But General Nelson, a thorough disciplinarian and competent commander of the division of which they formed a part, gave them the assurance that there would be enemies to meet upon the battlefield in great numbers after becoming skilled soldiers. The sufferings and sacrifices of this splendid regiment in the years following proved its truth. In February the regiment moved to West Point, on the Ohio river, embarking on the steamer Woodiord - part ot a fleet of transports - which carried the division down the Ohio and up the Cumberland to Nashville. The Thirty-sixth Indiana and Sixth Ohio were the first Federal troops that entered the city then being- hastily abandoned by the rear guard of the Confederate army, under General Albert Sidney Johnston.

In March the Tenth Brigade led the advance in the movement of Euell's anr,y to the Tennessee river. On Sunday morning, April 6, while breakfasting in camp and resting from the long march, the roar of the engagepent at Shiloh burst upon their cars. About one o'clock the column got under way, the Thirty-sixth Indiana leading. In three and one-half hours the advance reached a point opposite the scene oi the engagement. Amid rrcat confusion and surroundings which might well dampen the ardor of volunteer forces in the first approach to the scene of conflict the Thirtysixth moved with the soldierly bearing of veterans. The orders were issued to the colonel of the regiment by Gen. Buell in person, and were promptly obeyed. A few well-directed volleys caused the line of the enemy to give way, and as it was near dusk the firing soon ceased. It is perhaps but historic truth to say that no part of the Army of the Ohio under Gen. Buell took any active part in the Sunday evening fight near the Landing, except the Thirty-sixth Indiana. Upon the arrival of the regiment on the hill by the log house there were no troops in position, except Stone's Batten- and the heavy guns three or four hundred yards to the right. In the battle of Shiloh the Thirty-sixth lost one officer and eight men killed ; one officer and thirty-five men wounded - total, 45.

Encamping on the field, the regiment remained there until the movement against Corinth, when it marched forward and shared in its toils and dangers. After Corinth was evacuated by Beauregard the march was resumed along the line oi the Memphis and Charleston Railroad in the direction of Chattanooga. Later operations of the Confederate army under Gen. Bragg culminated in the retreat to Louisville. Here the Federal army met reinforcements and in a few days turned upon the Confederates, driving them from the slate of Kentucky and concentrating under command of Gen. Rosecrans at Nashville. In all of these movements the Thirty-sixth Indiana had a part. The advance of the Army of the Cumberland from Nashville on December 26, 1S62, was sharply resisted by the enemy, and the near approach to Murfreesboro by the heads of column developed the presence of the Confederates in strong force. Early in the engagement or. December 31, 1862, the ranks of the Thirty-sixth, were riddled by a volley from the enemy located in a dense cedar thicket near at hand, which the commander of the regiment understood was occupied by the Fifteenth United States Infantry. Here Major Kinlcy was desperately wounded. Captain A. D. Shultz, of Company "B," the Muucie company, feii mortally wounded. Every mounted officer in the regiment except the adjutant had his horse shot under him. In that hotly contested three days' struggle at

Stone River the Tliirtv-sixth lost 2 officers killed and 6 wounded; 23 enlisted men killed and S5 wounded; missing 18 - total, 134- The regiment then went 'into camp near Mttrfrecsboro until May, when it moved to a fine camp on Cripple Creek, where ii remained until the campaign against Chattanooga was begun. In the great battle of Chickamauga the Thirtysixth had 1 officer and 13 enlisted men killed ; 8 officers and So enlisted men wounded; missing in action, r7 - total, 12S. After the battle it returned to Chattanooga, and from thence moved to Whiteside and Tyners Station, Tennesseerand while at the latter place a small portion of the regiment reenlisted in' December, 1S63, and February, 1864. and soon after visited Indiana on veteran furlough. In March it went into camp at Blue Springs, Tennessee, where it remained until the opening of the Atlanta campaign.

Early in May the regiment moved with Sherman's army toward Atlanta and participated in the marches, skirmishes and engagements of that memorable campaign. The losses from Dalton to Joncsboro, Georgia, were as follows: Three officers and nine enlisted men killed; two officers and fifty-two enlisted men wounded - total, 66. On September 3d, when near Atlanta, in pursuance of the orders of General ihomas, the non-veterans left the front and proceeded to Indianapolis, where they were mustered out

The remaining veterans and recruits were then organized into a Residuary Battalion of one company, with Captain John 1'. Swisher in command. This company, after Atlanta, remained with the command of General Grose, mostly on duty at his headquarters. It participated in the battles of Franklin and Nashville, took part in the pursuit of Hood's broken army to the Tennessee river, thence, with the command of General Grose, to Huntsville, Alabama, and continued with the Third Brigade until July 12, 1S65, when, by order of Gen. Sheridan, it was transferred to the Residuary Battalion of the Thirtieth Indiana Regiment, and made Company "H" thereof, moving soon thereafter, with the old Fourth Corps, to New Orleans, thence to Texas, and late in the fall of that year was mustered out and returned to home and friends.

Serjeants - Hugh A. Stephens, promote.! :o Second Lieutenant, to Fir-: Lieutenant, to Captain: Liclicy Thornburg. discharged February 21, D>">::, for disability; Lewis P. Everett, discharged May 15, 1S02, for disability; Richard Harris, discharged May 27. 1SG2, for disability; I-Mwnrd W. Gilbert, promoted to Second LieutenaatTto First Lieutenant, Company I. mustered cut with the regiment.

Corporals - Jonathan Thomas, promoted to Second Lieutenant, to First Lieutenant; mustered out as Second Lieutenant; William R. Willard, mustered out September 21, lSG-l, as Sergeant; Kphraim Covolt, mustered out September 21, 1»G4. as Sergeant; .lames T. Broyles, discharged December 10, 1VC2, fur disability : Thomas Y. Rickey, discharged April 2o, 16G2; John V. Hazlebaker, mustered out April 27 IS65: .Tared W. Ilir.es. mustered out September 21, 1SG4, as First Sergeant; George 0. Willard, promoted to Second Lieutenant, to First Lieutenant, died August 6 1SG4 n' wounds.

John \V. Drennon, died at Nashville July 20, 1SG-1, of wounds at Kenesaw. Lemuel F. Eastes, record indefinite. James Ennis, mustered out September 21, 1SG4. Andrew Fisher, discharged April 1SG3, for disability. Benjamin L. Fletcher, died at .'.idncah, Ky. Xov'il Fletcher, discharged Ji 30, 1SG2, for disability. John T. Fullhart, mustered on. ns Sergeant September 21, 1S64. John A. Gilbert, transferred to Company II, Thirtieth Regiment, August 13, 1864, mustered out May 13, 1!;G3.

Michael Haines, died January 0, 1SG3. David Harris, discharged May 27. 1SC3, for disability. Christopher Ha7.1ebaker, discharged July 16, 1^63, for disability. Tilbcrry Hcrbaugh. died February 17, 1SG2. Walborrv Hcrbaugh, died December 21, 1SG1. Moses itinton, mustered out September 21, 1S64. Jackson Hunt, died October 10, 1SG2. Enos Hutson, mustered out September 21, 1SG4. James Hutson, mustered out September 21. 1SC4.

William M. GotT, transferred to Company II, Thirtieth Regiment, August 30, 1SG4. Aaron Hughes, transferred to Company ]I, Thirtieth Regiment, August 30, 1SG4. Christopher Gordon, died at Imlianola, Tex., September 21. lSGo. George W. Kilgore, transferred to Company II, Thirtieth Regiment, mustered out November 2", I&G5, as Corporal.

The Eighth Cavalry

The Thirty-ninth Regiment was organized for infantry service at Indianapolis on the 29th of August, 1861, with Thomas J. Harrison as colonel, and early in September left for Kentucky. After encamping first on Muldraugh's Hill, near Elizabethtown, and next at Camp Nevin, on Nolin creek, and Camp Wood, on Green river, it marched with Buell's army to Nashville. From Nashville it advanced to the Tennessee river, and was engaged in the battle of Shiloh on the 7th of April, 1862, losing two killed and thirty-four wounded. Total loss, thirty-six. After the engagement at Shiloh i: encamped on the field until die army moved toward Corinth, when the regiment moved with it. participating in the siege of that place.

Upon the evacuation of Corinth it marched with Buell's army through northern Alabama to Bridgeport, and from thence to Nashville. It then moved as part of the same force in the retreat to Louisville and joined in the pursuit of Bragg until he was driven from the state. Returning to Nashville in November, it marched with Rosecrans in the winter campaign to Murfrcesboro, participating in the battle of Stone's River on the 31st of December, 1862, and the 1st and 2d of January, 1S63. In this engagement the regiment suffered severely, especially in missing - the loss being thirtyone killed, one hundred and eighteen wounded and two hundred and thirtyone missing in action; total, three hundred and eighty. The Thirty-ninth remained in camp near Murfrcesboro for some months following the battle at that place, and in April. 1S62, it was mounted, and served in that capacity during the campaign of that year. On June 6, with the Second Indiana Cavalry, it met and had a sharp tight with the enemy under General Wheeler. Subsequently it took part in skirmishes at Middleton and Liberty Gap, and during the forward movement upon Chattanooga engaged the enemy at Winchester. On the 19th and 20th of September it participated in the battle of Cliickamauga, and also took part in an expedition into East Tennessee. Authority being given to change the organization from infantry to cavalry, Companies "L" and "M" were organized in September', 1S63, and on joining the command in the field the regiment was, on the 15th of October, 1S63, reorganized as the Eighth Cavalry. In December the regiment was placed on courier duty between Chattanooga and Ringgold, and on the 22d of February, 1864, it re-enlisted as a veteran organization. In April the regiment visited Indiana :- veteran furlough, and on returning to the field participated in the Rousseau raid into Alabama. One battalion of the regiment fought and routed a rebel brigade on the Coosa river, taking many prisoners, and again routed the enemy at Chehaw Bridge, Alabama.

It took part in the McCook raid around Atlanta, and was the only regiment that preserved its organization and made a charge on the enemy, thus opening the way for the escape of twelve hundred men of McCook's command. The regiment was next engaged in the Kilpatrick raid in Georgia, and at the battle of Lovejoy's Station led the charge of the left wing, riding over Ross' division of rebel cavalry, capturing all of his artillery and four battle flags. It was later engaged in the battles of Jonesboro and Flint river, and in several skirmishes that followed the capture of Atlanta. In the campaign against Savannah and through the Carolinas it marched with Kilpatrick's command to Savannah and thence to Goldsboro. In this campaign it participated in the battles and skirmishes at Waynesboro, Buck-head, Church, Browne's Cross Roads, Reynold's Farm, Aiken, Bentonville, Averysboro and Raleigh. In the engagement at Avcrysboro this regiment, under Col. Jones, charged and routed Rhett's South Carolina brigade of infantry, which outnumbered it ten to one. The Eighth Cavalry lost fourteen killed and fifty-nine wounded. A detachment of the regiment, left behind in Tennessee, fought Wheeler at Franklin, and also had a revere engagement with Forrest at Pulaski, Tennessee. While at Savannah, ai. order from General Sherman transferred the remaining veterans and recruits of the Third Indiana Cavalry to the Eighth Cavalry, the consolidated force bearing the designation of the latter regiment.

After the occupation of a portion of North Carolina by Sherman's army, and just before the negotiations were opened between Johnston and Sherman, the Eighth Cavalry whipped Hampton's entire force at Morrisville, and thus had the honor of fighting the last battle with the enemy in that state. The regiment remained on duty in North Carolina until the 20th of July, 1S65, when it was mustered out of service, and soon after started for home. Reaching Indianapolis during the last week in July, it was present at a public reception given to returned troops in the capitol grounds, at which speeches were made by Lieutenant Governor Conrad Baker and

General Hovcy, and, in a few days afterward, the regiment was finally discharged. The' regiment during its term of service has borne on its rolls 2,500 men, and has had nine officers killed in battle. It has lost about three hundred in prisoners, and has captured from the enemy over fifteen hundred men, one thousand stand of arms, three railroad trains, fourteen hundred horses and mules, many wagons, fourteen pieces of artillery, four battle flags and destroyed many miles of railroad.

The Second Cavalry, Forty-first Regiment, was the first complete cavalry regiment raised in Indiana. It was organized in Indianapolis in September, 1861, with Tohn A. Bridgeland as colonel. On the 16th of December it broke 'camp and moved across the country to Louisville, Kentucky, and thence to Camp Wickliffe. In February, 1S62, it marched with Buell's army toward Nashville and from that point moved to the Tennessee river, reaching the field of Shiloh after the battle. On the 9th of April it had a skirmish with the enemy on the road to Corinth, and on the 15th of April engaged the rebels at Pea Ridge, Tennessee, losing a number in killed and enemy three miles. During the siege of Corinth it was actively engaged, and immediately after the evacuation marched with Bucll's army into northern Alabama, and on the 31st of May had a skirmish with the enemy at Tuscumbia, losing a few men in killed and wounded.

Moving into Tennessee the regiment fought the enemy at McMinville on the 9th of August and at Gallatin on the 21st and 27th of August, losing several in killed, wounded and missing. In September it marched into Kentucky, participating in the Bragg id Buell campaign, engaging the enemy at Vinegar Hill on the 22d of September, and at Perryville on the 8th of October.

On the 30th of November, while the regiment was at Nashville, a detachment under command of Major Samuel Hill was highly complimented by General Rosecrans, in special field orders, for having recaptured a Government train, defeating rebel cavalry, killing twenty of the enemy and capturing two hundred prisoners. During the winter of 1862 it was on duty near Nashville, and from there proceeded to Kentucky, where it remained a few months and then returned to Tennessee.

On the nth of June, 1863, it fought the enemy at Triune, Tennessee, losing a number in killed and wounded. In the fall of 1S63 it was on duty along the line of the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, and then moved into East Tennessee. On the 29th of November several men of the regiment were drowned in Caney Fork while on duty ferrying. On the 29th of December it participated in a sharp fight at Talbott's Station. While at Mossy Creek, Tennessee, the regiment re-enlisted on the loth of January, 1864, and during the winter and spring was engaged in numerous scouts and 1 skirmishes, losing a -number of men. In May, 1S64, the regiment moved with Sherman's army in its campaign against Atlanta, engaging in many skirmishes and battles, among which were the following: May 9, Varnell's Station, near Rcsaca; July 1, near Ackworth; July 2S and 30, near Newnan ; August 30, near Atlanta. After the occupation of Atlanta the nonveterans were ordered to be mustered out, and on the 14th of September,

1864, the remaining veterans and recruits were consolidated into a battalion of four companies and placed in command of Major Roswell S. Hill. In November and December, 1S64, the battalion was on duty in Kentucky, and in January, 1S65, was transferred to the vicinity of Eastport, Alabama.

Joining the army of General Wilson, it participated in the raid through Alabama, engaging the enemy near Scottsville on the 2d of April, and at West Point, Georgia, on the 16th of April.

In the latter battle the regiment suffered severely, Major Hill having one of his legs shot off while leading a charge. Returning from this raid, it proceeded to Nashville, and was there mustered out on the 22d of July,

.Tenhthnh Strairn, veteran; l uisfcrrcd to Second Cavalry, reorganized. I.andrv Van Matrc, veteran; I ransfcrrcd to Second Cavalry, reorganized. George Abbott, mustered out - l-tobor 4, 1864. George W. Hates, mustered out October 4, 1SG4. John E. Beemer, record indefinite.

David M. Bell, mustered out October 4, 1864, as Corporal. - ' .1 runes Barrett, mustered out October 4, 1SG4, as Corporal. Isaac Bracken, discharged November, 1862, for disability. Snmuel Biers, mustered out October 4, 1SG4. Job Combs, discharged March 8, 1865, for disability. Thomas Carter, mustered out October 6, 1864. Richard Crav, transferred to the marine service. Isaiah Dudd'leston, Corporal; mustered out October 4, 18G4. William Downs, mustered out October 4, 1SG4. Samuel Drcnnon, transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps. I'.lijnh Earlv, mustered out October 4, 1SG4. .lames W. Ellis, mustered out October 4. 1S64. William J. Falkncr, Corporal; mustered out October 4, 1864. George B. Eutrell, mustered out October 4, 1S64. Martin V. Fuller, mustered out October t, 1S64. Stephen Elemming, Corporal; mustered out October 4, 1864. Valentine Gibson, mustered out October 4, 1S64. Snmuel M. Gregory, mustered out October 4. 1.S64. D. M. Gregg, Corporal; mustered out October 4. 1S64, as Sergeant. Henrv C. Godwin, mustered out October 4, 1S64. Ferdinand D. Goff, died at Louisville May 7, 1S64. George W. Goodman, discharged .Tunc 13, 1S62, for disability. Uriah Ttarrold, mustered out October 4, 1864. William TIaymond, mustered out October 4, 1864. Henry Hornlv, discharged for disability.

Thomas Hartley, captured at Atlanta; mustered out June 2, 18G5. William Jones, mustered out October 4, 1864. George Jones, mustered out October 4. 1N61. Turner John=on, mustered cut October 4, 1864. John S. Krohn. mustered out October 4, 1864.

Daniel B. Kimball. Sergeant; mustered out October 1, 1S64, as First Sergeant. John W. Keenan. mustered out October 4, 1*64. John Kirk, mustered out May 15, 1S65. Martin Mann, mustered out October 4. 1VG4. William J. Michener, Corporal; mustered out October 4, 1864.

Note. - The names on roll in the army .stood "Wilson, Wade, Wright (into) Vounce" - and the Sergeant would caJl the roll that way, and Wilson would do that very thing as they went to quarters.

Fifty-Seventh Regiment

The Fifty-seventh Regiment was recruited in the Fifth and Eleventh Congressional Districts, chiefly through the efforts of Rev. J. \V. T. Mc- Mullen and Rev. F. A. Hardin, and was mustered into service November 18, 1861, at Richmond, Indiana. On December 10, the regiment moved to Indianapolis, where it remained until December 23, when it moved to Louisville, Kentucky, and reported to General Buell. Here it was assigned to the Twenty-first Brigade, Sixth Division of the Army of the Ohio, then being organized at Bardstown. The command soon after moved to Lebanon to participate in the operations under General Thomas, which ended with the battle of Mill Springs. Thence to Munfordsville, it marched to Nashville. The campaign in Kentucky was severe, and, like all new regiments, the Fifty-seventh suffered a great depletion of numbers from disease.

The movement of Wood's division towards the Tennessee river commenced on March 29, 1S62. The regiment was within hearing of the battle of Shiloh on the 6th of April, but did not reach the field until the 7th, when it became engaged in the closing operations of the day, having four men wounded. During the siege of Corinth there was much hard labor and exposure in the unhealthy swamps of that region. The losses caused by disease were greater than the average of losses in battle. One company reached the field of Shiloh with fifty-three men bearing arms. It reached Corinth with sixteen able for duty. In Halleck's army of one hundred thousand there were few really well men. From the poison of these Mississippi swamps the command gladly marched away to take part in a movement along the line of the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, towards Chattanooga. Until the retreat to Louisville the regiment was on duty at Moresville, Alabama; Tullahoma, Decherd and McMinville, Tennessee. During the campaign against Bragg, in Kentucky, it took an active part, being engaged at Perrvville, where it suffered a slight loss. At the close of the pursuit of Bragg it marched to Nashville again, which place it reached «ibout the ist of December, 1862. At the battle of Stone River the Fifty-seventh was heavily engaged all day on December 31, 1862. It was in the left wing of the army, which so firmly withstood the rebel assaults on that historic day. It lost 75 men out of about 350 engaged. Col. C. C. Hines, who had succeeded Col. McMullen, and came to the command at Nashville in March, 1S62, and Lieut. Col. G. W. Lcnnard, who succeeded Lieut. Col. Hardin, were both very severely wounded. During the remainder of the winter and the spring of 1S63 it remained in camp at Murfreesboro, drilling constantly and doing very severe picket duty. By reason of his wounds, Col. Hines was unable for further duty, and was succeeded by Lieut. Col. Lennard. On the 24th of June the regiment broke camp and participated in the campaign against Tullahoma. Upon the evacuation of middle Tennessee by the enemy, it remained near Pelham, in the Elk river valley, until the 16th of August.

During the campaign which gave Chattanooga to the forces of the Union, General Wagner's Brigade, of which the Fifty-seventh was a part, operated on the north side of the Tennessee.

On the evacuation of that place, Wagner's Brigade crossed the river and took possession. Col. Lennard was assigned as provost marshal of the town and the regiment was placed on duty as provost guard. At the reorganization of the Army of the Cumberland, subsequent to the battle of Chickamauga, the Fifty-seventh was assigned to Sheridan's (Second) Division of the Fourth Corps, in which division it served to the end of the war. A few days before the battle of Mission Ridge it was relieved and rejoined the command, taking part in that memorable engagement, where it joined in the assault of the Ridge on the 25th of November, reaching the crest near the headquarters of General Bragg, and suffering a loss in killed and wounded of two officers and ninety men. The campaign in East Tennessct, for the relief of Gen. Burnside at Knoxville, was probably unequalcd during the whole war for hardships and privations. Of these the Fifty-seventh suffered a full share. Much of the time the army lived "off the country." Often supplies were scanty and sometimes there were none at all. Many of the men marched the shoes from their feet and turned out barefooted upon the frozen ground. It was midwinter, and the cold so intense that nothing like it was known within the recollection of living men. There were no tents nor camp equipage of any kind whatever. Even shelter tents were ordered left at Chattanooga. Some had no overcoats; others had no blankets. The only protection from the wintry blasts was made from poles covered with boughs of cedar and dead leaves. There was but one axe to each regiment with which to prepare fuel. During the latter part of Janu-

At the end of the furlough of thirty days granted to all "veterans," the Fifty-seventh returned to the field, marching from Nashville to rejoin the command at Catoosa Springs, Georgia. It entered the campaign with 30 officers and 311 men for duty. The official reports were made to cover the entire operations of the army until the fall of Atlanta. Though under fire during most of the time from May 7 until September 2d, its principal engagements were as follows : Rocky Face Ridge, Rcsaca, New Hope Church, Kcnesaw, June 18, 23 and 27; Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta and battle of Jonesboro. At Resaca Col. Lennard, a brave and accomplished officer, was mortally wounded; June 18 Lieut. Beitzell was killed; June 23 Major Stidham was killed and Lieut. Callaway mortally wounded. At Jonesboro Lieut. Minesinger was mortally wounded. Joseph Hiatt and John N. Hatfield, both of Delaware county, were killed in battle, the former at New Hope Church, May 27, and the latter in front of Kenesaw Mountain on June 23. The loss during the campaign in killed, mortally and seriously wounded was one hundred and forty-six. Fifty prisoners and one stand of colors were captured by the regiment.

Soon after the fall of Atlanta the division was sent north to guard the lines of communication which were threatened by the enemy, finally becoming a part of the force with which General Thomas resisted Hood's invasion of Tennessee. The Fifty-seventh was engaged at Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville. The losses in all these engagements, except at Franklin, were slight. Capt. Dunn was killed at Franklin; many soldiers lost their lives here, and a large number were taken prisoners, some of whom were afterwards lost on the steamer Sultana.

Out of a force of about three hundred engaged the loss in killed, wounded, missing in action and captured was one hundred and forty-five. After taking part in the driving of Hood's shattered forces beyond the Tennessee river, the regiment lay in camp at Huntsville, Alabama, some months, moving into East Tennessee as far as Bull's Gap in April, 1865. It then returned to Nashville and was transferred to Texas, where it remained until in December, at which time the final "muster out" of 23 officers and 168 men took place at Port Lavaca. On January 3, 1865, the survivors gathered at Indianapolis for the last business transaction connected with their long and arduous service. Here they received final payment and discharges from the Volunteer Army of the United States.

The Sixty-ninth Regiment was organized at Richmond on the 191I1 of August, 1SO2. with William A. Dickie as colonel. On the following (lav it left for Kentucky, and on reaching Lexington moved in the direction of Richmond, Kentucky. Near this place, on the 30th of August, it participated in the battle with Kirby Smith's rebel forces, losing two hundred and eighteen men and officers, killed and wounded.

Though the men fought bravely the disciplined troops of the enemv overpowered the regiment and captured it almost en masse. The captured men were immediately paroled and sent to parole camp at Indianapolis.

Upon being exchanged the regiment was reorganized at Indianapolis, anci left that place en November 27, 1862, for Memphis, Tennessee, in command of Colonel Thomas \Y. Bennett. On the 20th of December it proceeded down the Mississippi river with Sheldon's Brigade of Morgan's Division of Sherman's wing of Grant's army on the expedition to Vicksburg. In the assault upon the enemy's works at Chickasaw Bluffs the regiment took part, suffering but a slight loss. After the repulse at this place the Sixty-ninth moved to Arkansas Post, where it was engaged on the nth of January, 1S63, and after the capture of the post it proceeded to Youngs Point, and while stationed there over one hundred men died from disease. In the latter part of February it moved to Millikcn's Bend, and on the morning of the 30th of March it was the advance regiment of Grant's army in the movement against Yicksburg. On reaching Roundaway Bayou, opposite Richmond, Louisiana, in the afternoon, a rebel force was found and dislodged. Crossing over to Richmond in boats, the regiment assisted in building bridges for the passage of the main army.

It was during this movement that two thousand feet of bridging was constructed in three days. Thus was a military road completed across the peninsula from the river above Yicksburg to the river forty miles below that city, over which the whole army rapidly moved. On the 30th of April the advance crossed the Mississippi at Hard Times Landing, and discm- Kirked at D'Schron's on the opposite bank, from whence it marched to Port r;i!j>u;i, where, on ihe 1st of May, the battle of Thompson's Hill was fought,

In this engagement the Sixty-ninth lost seventy-one in killed and wounded. On the rfjth of May it was engaged at Champion Hills, and on the 17th of May to.uk part in the assault on the enemy's works at Black River Bridge. It then moved to the rear of the rebel works at \ icksburg, participating in the siege up to an.! including the assault on the 22(1 of May. On ihe 23d of May it moved with Osterhau's division to the Black River Bridge, where

During all of these operations on the east side of the Mississippi river the regiment served in Ostcrhau's division, which opened every engagement prior to the investment of Vicksburg.

On the 6th of July the regiment moved toward Jackson with the same division, and at that place was actively engaged in the six days' siege. Returning to Vicksburg on the 3d of August, it was sent with the Thirteenth Army Corps to Port Hudson, and was afterwards transferred to the Department of the Gulf and sent to New Orleans. In September it moved to Berwick City, and there joined General Franklin's Teche expedition, and on its return was sent to Algiers, reaching there in November. It then embarked on steamship for Texas as part of General Bank's coast expedition, landing at Decrow's Point, Matagorda Bay, on the 1st of December, 1863. On the 13th of February, 1864, it sailed for Indianola, and on the 13th of March evacuated that place and started for Matagorda Island.

During the progress of this movement, while crossing from Bynio's Island to Matagorda Island, a boat swamped and two officers (Assistant Surgeon Witt and Lieutenant Temor) and twenty men were drowned. In April the regiment left Matagorda Island for New Orleans, and on arrival there was sent to Alexandria, which place was reached on the 27th of April. Here it met Banks' retreating army and was engaged in the fight near Alexandria, and in the retreat from that place to the Mississippi river supported Col. Lucas' Cavalry Brigade, which covered the retreat. The regiment then went into camp at Morganza, and from there participated in different expeditions sent out from that place. On the 7th of December it was sent to Dauphin Island, in Mobile Bay, and on the 14th of December joined Gen. Granger's Pascagoula expedition - a movement toward Mobile, intended to divert the attention of the enemy from other columns moving through