Delaware County, Indiana - Chapter 24: Military History of Delaware County, 1908 (part 3 of 3)

Formation of Consolidated Battalion. On the 23d of January, 1865, the regiment was consolidated into a battalion of four companies, of which Lieut. Col. Oran Perry was made the commanding officer. On January 31 the battalion embarked on steamship for Barancas, Florida, from whence, on the 14th of March, it moved with a division to Pensacola. It formed part of Steele's expedition through Florida and southern Alabama and was engaged April 9 in the assault on Fort Blakely, after which it guarded prisoners to Ship Island. For a time it remained'on duty at Mobile. On the 5th of July, 1865, the battalion was mustered out of service at Mobile, and on the 7th left for home via New Orleans with 16 officers and 284 men. Arriving at Indianapolis, it was present at a public reception given to returned troops in the capitol grounds on the iSth of July, where it was addressed by Governor Morton. The regiment has left its dead in eleven states, and participated in the battles of Richmond, Kentucky, Chickasaw Bluffs, Arkansas Post, Thompson's Hill Cham" pion Hill, Black River Bridge, the sieges of Vicksburg and Jackson and the capture of Fort Blakely, Alabama, which caused the surrender of' Mobile. It returned to the state with 16 officers and 284 men.

Sergeants - Alvin M. Cowing, promoted to Second Lieutenant ' killed .,» -a- i mond, Kentucky, August 30, 1SG2; John G. Ridge, promoted to Second LienlennJ' signed February 5, 18C3; John Linvillc, promoted to First Lieutenant to r, i - mustered out January 25, 1SG5; Abel Gibson, promoted to Second Lieutenant r '°t' Lieutenant, resigned January 7, 1S64; re-entered as Second Lieutenant of fw' tt i i Forty-seventh, mustered out with regiment; William P. Stewart, died in

Corporals - Cyrus M. Ncwcomb, transferred to Veteran Re^erro Corna r? R. Dragoo, discharged April 20, 1SG3, as Sergeant; James E. Peeves '.wS November 24, 16G2; Jacob H. Wicrman, discharged Juno 5, 1SG5- John A P died at Memphis Tennessee, January 1, 1863; Thomas N. McDonald died ' , rP-p3' Illinois, June 27, 1SG2; Sidney A. Jewctt, mustered out July 5, 1865. ' °'

W TT. Stradling, died at Fast Fnscagoula, Miss., January o, ISGo. William Turner, died nt Young's Point, La., March 3, 1863. John R. Thompson, did nt Milliken's Bend, La., March 29, 1SG3. Larkins Turner, transferred to the Twenty-fourth Regiment June 15, I860, aj Corporal; mustered out November 15, 1S63. Martin Vnn Buskirk, discharged 1804. Anthony Worley, dic.l at Young 'k Point, La., February 11, 1863.

COMPANY II. Adam 11 nine. Obe.linh Sinttler, John M. Shoemaker. Reese Carter, discharged April 4. 1SG3, for disability Thomas J Craves, killed at Jackson, Miss., July 11.. 1Mi3. Abraham Mitchem, diseharged March 5, lSfi.1, for disahilitY. Charles T. Rainer. discharged Octnber 2, 1M.3 for disability Augustus L. Sayford, killed at Thompson s Hill May 1, 1SG3.

colonel. On the 8th it left for Covington, Kentucky, and upon its arrival there was assigned to the defenses of that city and Cincinnati, then threatened by the invading force of the rebel Gen. Kirby Smith. The arrival of Bucll's army caused the retreat of the Confederates, and on the 1st of October it started by rail for Point Pleasant, Western Virginia, remaining in camp at that point until the 13th, when it moved to Guyandottc. Here the regiment remained, occasionally employed in scouting duty, until the 14th of November. Upon that date it left for Catlettsburg, Kentucky, and after a brief stay at that place proceeded to Cassvillc, Kentucky, where it encamped until the 7th of February, 1863. The regiment then moved back to Catlettsburg, embarked on board a steamer and sailed down the Ohio to Louisville, reaching there on the 17th, and was assigned to the Second Brigade, Third Division, Army of Kentucky. It then proceeded to Nashville, where it encamped until the 5th of March, when it moved to Franklin and remained until the 3d of June. During this period it took part in several reconnoissances and skirmishes. On the 3d it marched with the division to Triune, Tennessee.

On the 8th of June the Eighty-fourth was assigned to the First Brigade, First Division, Reserve Corps, commanded by Gen. Gordon Granger. On the nth the enemy attacked Triune and were repulsed, the regiment taking part in the fight. On the 23d the regiment left Triune and marched in pursuit of the retiring forces of Bragg. The command marched to- Middleton, thence to Shelbyville and Wartracc, where it camped until the 12th of August. On the 20th the march was resumed for Esteel Springs, where the regiment encamped a short time, and then moved to Tullahoma. Thence the march was taken up to Stevenson, Bridgeport and Chattanooga, where it arrived on the 13th of September. The Eighty-fourth went into camp at Rossville, five miles south of Chattanooga, and remained there until the 18th. It then moved to the front and took position on the left of the line of the Army of the Cumberland.

In the battle of Chickamauga on the 19th and 20th of September, General James B. Steadman commanded the First Division, Reserve Corps, part of which was the brigade of General Whittaker, to which the Eighty-fourth belonged. Upon the afternoon of the 19th this division held the extreme left of our line and the key to Rosecrans' retreat. Repeated assaults were made by the enemy to obtain this coveted position, but they were repulsed.

overhung the bloody field, and, reaching General Granger far to the left and rear, suggested the need of his troops where the battle was so hotly raging. He moved forward rapidly, in disregard of the enemy's effort to arrest his progress, and at the moment of greatest need reported to General Thomas with two brigades.

As the enemy moved down the northern slope of the ridge towards the rear of Brannan and Wood, Whittaker's and Mitchell's brigades of Steadman's division, with a fury born of the impending peril, charged the foe and drove him over the ridge, and then formed line of battle from Brannan's right to the hill above Yiditoc's, in front of Longstrcct's Hank. In gaining this position there was heavy loss; but if the issue of battle has ever given compensation for the loss of valuable lives, it was in this action, for the opportune aid of these two brigades saved the army from defeat and rout. The Eighty-fourth lost in this battle one hundred and twenty-five in killed, wounded and missing. Numbered with the slain were Captain John H. Ellis and Lieutenant George C. Hatfield of Company "B."

Leaving the battlefield on the night of the 20th, the regiment bivouacked in its old camp at Rossville, and the next morning crossed the Tennessee river and went on picket duty opoosite Lookout Mountain, where it remained nine consecutive days and nights, keeping up a constant skirmish with the enemy across the river. The regiment then moved to Moccasin Point, where it remained until the 1st of November, thence to Shell Mound, where it encamped until the 26th of January, 1864, at which date it marched to Cleveland, arriving there on the 6th of February. On the 22d it started with a rcconnoissance in force to Buzzard's Roost, and was in that engagement on the 25th. It then returned to Cleveland and remained in camp until the 3d of May, 1864. In the forward movement with Sherman's army towards Atlanta the regiment took part in the following engagements: Tunnel Hill, Rocky Face, Dalton, Resaca, Kingston, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Pine Mountain, Culp's Farm, Peach Tree Creek, in front of Atlanta, Shoal's Creek, Jonesboro, and Lovejoy's Station. With this record of valor, the regiment marched into the captured city of Atlanta.

On the 3d of October the command left Atlanta and marched to Chattanooga, meantime having been assigned to the Second Brigade, Third Division of the Fourth Army Corps, commanded by Gen. D. S. Stanley. From Chattanooga the regiment moved by rail to Athens, Alabama, and thence to Pulaski, Tennessee, arriving there on the 4th of November. On the 23d the command marched to Columbia, reaching Franklin on the 30th, where it participated in the battle at that place, at its close falling back to Nashville, where the army arrived December 1. In the second day at Nashville,

December 16, 1864, the regiment took part in a general charge upon the enemy's works, which resulted in carrying his strongly entrenched position and driving him in confusion from the field. The regiment lost in this battle twenty-three killed and wounded.

Joining in the pursuit of Hood, it crossed the Tennessee river, and was then ordered to Huntsvillc, Alabama, which place it reached on January e 1865. Here it remained until the 13th of March, when it moved to Knoxvillc, and from thence to Strawberry Plains, Bull's Gap and Shield's Mills, remaining until the 18th of April, when it returned to Nashville.

On the 14th of June the Eighty-fourth was mustered out of the service at Nashville, the remaining recruits being transferred to the Fifty-seventh Indiana Veterans, with which regiment they continued to serve until its final muster out at Lavaca, Texas, in November. The Eighty-fourth left Nashville on June 15 for Indianapolis, reached there on the 17th, was present at a public reception of returned heroes in the State House Grove on the 26th, who were warmly welcomed in behalf of the state of Indiana by Gov. Morton, Gen. Hovey, Gen. Wilder and others, and quickly departed to the peaceful pursuits of life. The regiment left for the field with an aggregate of nine hundred and forty-four officers and men, and returned with three hundred and twenty-seven men and twenty-two officers.

Assistant Surgeon - Tccumseh Kilgore, August 5, 1S63, transferred as Assistant Surgeon to the Thirteenth Cavalry; promoted to Surgeon, and mustered out with the regiment June 14, 1SG5.

Sergeants - Frank F.llis, promoted Captain, mustered out June 14, 1805; Ralph S. Gregory, discharged December 4, 1863, for disability; Edward H. Hows, mustered nut June 14, 1865; Daniel Durket, transferred to United States Engineer Corps July 2.'), 1S64, mustered out as Corporal September 20, 18G5; James M. Yv'insett, promoted to Second Lieutenant, mustered out June 2G, 1SG5, as First Sergeant.

Corporals - Alfred A. Riggs, mustered out June 14, 1865; Amos W. Kirkwood, mustered out June 14. 1S05, as Sergeant; Samuel B. Smith, mustered out June 14, 1805, as Sergeant; Emanuel J. McPcrmitt, mustered out June 14, 1SG5; Joseph Stifflcr, mustered out June 14, 1S65; William Necdham, died at Nashville, Tenn., April 29, 18G3; John M. Conner, mustered out June 14, 1865, as Sergeant; John M. Thom- Bon, mustered out June 14, 1865, as Sergeant.

r Abraham Corner, John ('. Dunn, William Foormun, Thomns R. Gregory (as Hernnt) Anson (lieenmnn (as Corpornl), Samuel Oorrnrd, John IT. Green, Thomas Khich'(nB Corpoml), Willinm Lamb, Wilson A. Martin, John L). Morris, Donaldson Vartiu John It. Null, Aznriah Rending, John Reynolds, Nonli H. Rensoncr, Henry Weason'cr David W. Rcvnolds (as Corporal), John Richcy, Benjamin F. Ralston Nathan X Spencr. David \V. Slonakcr, Aiulrcw J. Shcllnbnrgcr, (Ion. Oeorgo W. Smith fas Corporal), Elisha Wright, Sampson II. Williams (as Corporal).

Ts'iac n. Bnhb, died at Stevenson, Ala.. September 20, 1803, of wounds. John Brandt, diod at ChattanooL-a, Trnn., January 24, 1804, of wounds. David II. Bald), transferred to Mnriuc Brigade. George W. Clark, died at hltlHlMimrK, Ky., December 4, 1802. llnrvrv 0. ChlliN, died at Mlirfreridioro, Tenn., October 13, 1803. I,ewl«"Hantz, (lied :it Covington, Ky., October 8, 1802. Newton Cochran, mustered out Juno 10, 1H(15.

Willinm CiiHe, died at Chnttnnnogn, Tonn., October 10, 180.1, of wounds. John W. Coulson, died at JolVcrsonvillo, IniL, December 20, 1804. John Cnrmiehael, trnn»ferred to Fifty seventh Regiment Juno 0, 1805; mustorcd out Deromlier II, 1*05. j

Benjamin li. Dunn, died at Chattanooga November 20, 1803, of wounds. Alexander II. Billon, transferred to I'if tyseventli Regiment Juno 0, 180.1; mustered out December 14, ISC'). _

Sergeants - Horace E. Williams, promoted to Second Lieutenant, to First Lieutenant, to Captain of Company K, Fifty-seventh Regiment; Orlando H. Swain, promoted to First Sergeant, Second Lieutenant, mustered out Juno 14, 1865, as First Sergeant; John Fifer, mustered out Juno 14, 1805; Thomas J. Appicgate, discharged May 9, 1803; Robert M. Snodgrass, mustered out Juno 14, 1805.

Corporals - George W. Campbell, transferred to Engineer Corps July 27, 1804 mustered out Juno 26, 1865; Wesley T. White, mustered out June 28, 1864, foi wounds; George C. Nixon, died June 3, 1864, of wounds; John W. Wiaset, mustcrca out June 14, 1865, as Sergeant; Andrew J. Collins, transferred to Veteran Reserve CorpB September 1, 1863; John l'ittcngcr, mustered out Juno 14, 1863; Bradley Landry, discharged July 2, 1863; James 0. Stephenson, mustered out June 14, 1865, aa Sergeant.

Ev C Kennedy, promoted to Lieutenant One Hundred and Ninth U. 8. Colored Troops, appointed Captain and Assistant Quartermaster in Regular Army; mustered out February 10, 1860.

Levi A Miller, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps September 1, 1863. Adam Madill, transferred to Engineer Corps July 25, 1864; mustered out June

Cnptnins - Henry Kirby, promoted to Assistant Surgeon, to Surgeon; mustered out with regiment Juno 11, 1865. James II. Orr, commissioned January 6, 1863; mustcrod out with regiment June 14, 1865.

Sergeants - I'olix G. Cross, promoted to First Lieutenant; mustered out with regiment June 14, l^G"). Amos L. Wilson, lost leg in battle of Nashville December 10, 18G4; discharged Juno 7, 1SG5. Jacob Rtnhl, died January 23, 1805, of wounds. John II, Helm, promoted to Second Lieutenant; mustered out Juno 14, 1865, as First Sergeant. Reuben Patrick, discharged November 5, ]8G2.

Privates - W. T. Allen, William A. Boyd; Isatus Boyd, as Corporal; Martin Bolimer, Alexander H. Clift, Robert B. Craw; Ehcnezcr T. Chaffee, promoted to Adjutant; Jacob Creek, Luther Hamilton, Clark Haywood, James Hamilton, Georgo W. Holdrcn, David Little, John McMullen, Archibald S. H. NefT, William H. Phillabaum, Willinm T. Ross, as Corporal; Daniel H. Sullivan; Edward Shidelor, as Corporal; Ezra Stahl, a.s Sergeant Major; Peter Shidelor; John W. Thornbnrg, as Sergeant; Lab an Williams; A. II. Was.son, as Corporal; Joseph Wasson.

ONE HUNDRED AND FIRST REGIMENT (THREE YEARS). Isaac Bales, died at Murfreesboro, Tcnn., February 21, 1863. Samuel Bales, discharged March 16, 1863. Ephraim Howell, discharged Febraary 14, 1865. Rolla F. Howell, mustered out Juno 24, 1805. William E. McDaniel, mustered out Juno 24, 18G5. John Yost, missing in action at Cliickamauga, September 19, 1863.

The invasion of our state by the Confederate command of General John H. Morgan, in July, 1863, will always remain a prominent feature of our history. It aroused the martial spirit of the people, so that within two days after Governor Morton issued his call for troops, 65,000 men tendered their services.

Thirteen regiments were organized and mustered within less than one week and prepared for active service. The One Hundred and Tenth Regiment contained two companies from Delaware County. Company officers and men were furnished that regiment, as follows:

The regiments numbered no and in were not called into the field, and were mustered out July 15, 1863, two or three days after they were mustered into the service.

The field of operations occupied by the One Hundred and Seventeenth during the period of its service, was chiefly in East Tennessee, among the mountains, and for the most part in midwinter. As a consequence, the ordeal was a severe one, and the officers and men suffered accordingly. Their work, nevertheless, was well done, and deserving the commendations of the people.

The One Hundred and Eighteenth Regiment was recruited mainly at Wabash and moved to Indianapolis and was mustered into the six-months service on September 16, 1863, with George VV. Jackson as Colonel. Leaving Indianapolis same date, it proceeded to Kentucky, and was assigned to the command of General Wilcox, with which it marched into East Tennessee, reaching Cumberland Gap on the 3d of October. From there it moved to Morristown and thence to Greenville and Clinch River, where on the 3d of December, it took part in the engagement at Walker's Ford. Lieut. Col. Henry C. Elliott, in command of the regiment, reached the Clinch river about eleven o'clock in the morning. The stream was waded and the regiment sent forward and formed in line of battle on both sides of the road, advancing to relieve the Fifth Indiana Cavalry, then nearly destitute of ammunition. The retreat of the Cavalry was covered by the One Hundred and Eighteenth, which gradually fell back, though strongly pressed by a full brigade of the enemy moving in heavy force on both flanks of the regiment. At one time the enemy made a charge on the right, which was met and repelled with coolness, and soon after the regiment recrossed the river in safety.

Its loss was one killed and fourteen wounded. After this battle the regiment moved to Tazewell and other points in the mountains of East Tennessee, performing arduous duty and suffering many privations. In January, 1864, it marched to Cumberland Gap, and thence homeward by' way of Camp Nelson. Reaching Indianapolis about the middle of February, it was finally discharged there and the men who made its rank and file returned to their homes. At the time of its muster in the regiment had 38 officers and 949 men; afterwards 30 recruits joined the command. Of these 81 died and 26 deserted

One Hundred And Nineteenth Regiment

The Seventh Cavalry, One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, was mustered at Indianapolis, October I, 1863, with John P. C. Shanks as Colonel. On December 6, the command, numbering above twelve hundred men, marched toward Louisville, Ky., where upon arrival it was sent by way of Cairo to Union City, Tenn., and assigned to the First Brigade, Sixth Division, Sixteenth Army Corps.

On the 24th of December the Seventh moved with a force under command of Gen. A. J. Smith to cut off the retreat of Forrest from Jackson, Tenn. During that long and dreadful march, the thermometer standing below zero, the soldierly bearing and conduct of the officers and men of the regiment elicited the praise of the commanding General. At Egypt Station, Mississippi, the rebel rear guard was overtaken, where a sharp fight took place, the regiment sustaining slight loss in killed and wounded. Near Okalona, Miss., on February 22, a severe battle was fought, lasting all day. The Seventh Cavalry had 813 of its members in this engagement. The overpowering forces of the enemy drove the Federals from the field. When the rest of the division had fled, the Seventh Cavalry met and held in check the pursuing and exultant enemy, saved the train, and prevented our utter rout. Late in the evening it made a sabre charge, saved a battery abandoned by its support, was overpowered by numbers, and driven back, compelled to leave sixty of its brave men on the field. The entire loss was 11 killed, 36 wounded' and 37 missing; total, 84. In a desperate fight at Guntown. Miss., on the 10th of June, 1864. the regiment bore an honorable part, losing eight killed, fifteen wounded and seventeen missing, and was complimented by General* Grierson for its gallantry upon the field. On the 18th of August a detachment of the regiment was engaged in a fight at La Mavoo, Mississippi. On the 4th of October seven men of Company "F" were killed by guerillas near Memphis.

In November the regiment crossed into Arkansas and joined in a movement against the rebel General Price, then invading Missouri. At its close it returned to Memphis by way of St. Louis.

On the 21st of December a cavalry expedition under General Gricrson moved from Memphis and on the zSth Forrest's dismounted camp at Vernon, Mississippi, was surprised and captured, and a large quantity of rebel stores destroyed, including four thousand new English carbines, and sixteen railroad cars loaded with pontoons for Hood's army. The enemy was attacked at Egypt Station, his forces captured or dispersed, and a train of fourteen cars destroyed. After this fight the Seventh Cavalry returned to Memphis. Later the regiment was transferred to Louisiana, where, on the 21st of July, 1865, it was consolidated into six companies and supernumerary officers were mustered out. From here it proceeded to the state of Texas, where it closed a period of hard and efficient service. In the spring of 1865 a number of its members, while returning from rebel prisons, were lost on the Steamer Sultana.

Albert Culbertson, mustered out May 18, 1865. Daniel G. Downing, mustered out November 17, 1865. ' Samuel Downing, mustered out February 18, 1866. William T. Downing, mustered out Febrnnry 18, 1866. John Hurley, honorably discharged February 4, 1865. Silas M. Shoemaker, mustered out February 18, 1866. Sanford II. Shoemaker, mustered out February 18, I860. Henry Stcwnrt, record indefinite.

One Hundred And Twenty-First Regiment

The Ninth Cavalry, One Hundred and Twenty-First Regiment, was recruited during the fall and winter of 1863, and organized at Indianapolis on March 1st, 1864, with George W. Jackson as Colonel. It remained in the state under drill until the 3d of May, when, the mount not yet being completed, it proceeded by rail to Nashville, Tennessee, and thence to Pulaski, where it remained on post duty until November 23d. On the 25th of September, 1864, a portion of the regiment, under command of Major Lilly, was in an engagement at Sulphur Branch Trestle, Alabama, with Forrest, losing one hundred and twenty men in killed, wounded and missing. When Hood's campaign opened in Tennessee, the regiment fell back from Pulaski to Nashville and was there mounted and sent to the front.

On December 17th, in an engagement with Forrest's Cavalry at Franklin, it lost twenty-six men and officers in killed and wounded and prisoners. After defeat of Hood's army and its retreat from the state, the regiment went into winter quarters at Gravelly Springs, Alabama, remaining there until the 6th of February, 1S65, when, under orders, it embarked on transports, and with its brigade organization, proceeded to New Orleans, arriving there on the 16th of March. Here the brigade was broken up, and the Ninth Cavalry turning over its horses, left on steamer and arrived at Vicksburg on the 25th of March. It remained on post duty at this point until the 3rd of May, when it was again mounted, and sent by detachment, into the interior of the state of Mississippi, to garrison various posts, on which duty it continued until the order for muster out of service was received.

On the 28th of August the regiment was mustered out at Vicksburg, and soon after proceeded up the Mississippi, homeward bound, and arrived at Indianapolis on the 5th of September. On the following day it was publicly received, with other' returned regiments, and welcomed at a meeting held in the Capitol grounds, by speeches from General Mansfield, Hon. John H. Farquhar and others. Within a few days the officers and men were finally discharged and returned to their homes. On leaving the state the regiment was eleven hundred and fifty strong. It returned with three hundred and eighty-six men and officers.

On the 27th of April, 1865, by the explosion on board the steamer Sultana, the Ninth Cavalry lost fifty-five men. Those who were saved from the steamer reached Indianapolis early in May, and were there mustered out as paroled prisoners, under instructions from the War Department

Jesse Chalfant, Gardner F. Collins; Clarkson Cates, as bugler; Samuel Disbennctt. Robert Faddy, William Fertich, as sergeant; Eli Candy; Samuel U. Buffer, promoted to Commissary Sergeant, to Second Lieutenant; Nelson Kirkpatrick, Jacob Keesling, George Keesling, as Corporal; Uriah Lowe, David Lee, John M. McCrcary, David K. McKinney as quartermaster Sergeant; Francis M. Moore, promoted to Second Lieutenant, to 'First Lieutenant; Edward McKcevcr, Abncr Myers, John F. McClellan, as Corporal- David Nihart, as Corporal; Aaron J. Card, as Sergeant; Thomas i'arker, Reuben Pence, as wagoner; Jacob II. Reese, Jacob C. Spradling, William Q. Thornburg, Edwin Underwood, Samuel C. Williams, Richard Watts, John H. Will, William B. Wright, as Sergeant; Hiram Allison, mustered out June 17, 1865, as Corporal.

One Hundred Twenty-Fourth Regiment

The One Hundred and Twenty-Fourth Regiment was assembled at Richmond, and was mustered into service on the ioth of March, 1864, with James Burgess as Colonel. It left Indianapolis by rail on the 19th, reaching

Nashville the day following, and was assigned to the division commanded by General Hovcy. The regiment reached Buzzard's Roost, Georgia, May 8lh and took part in a demonstration against the enemy, losing one man killed and two wounded. It joined in the Federal advance towards Atlanta, frequently skirmishing with the enemy, finally taking position near Lost Mountain, where temporary works were constructed, the regiment moving forward in support of the lines under heavy fire of artillery and musketry. On June 23d it advanced close up to the works of the enemy at Kenesaw Mountain, and skirmished with his sharpshooters. Having crossed the Chattahoochee river, the regiment moved with its division on July 22d to the support of General Dodge, and aided in the repulse of the enemy.

In the battle of July 22d, before Atlanta, where the rebel corps of General Hardee attacked the Union forces on the left, the regiment, moving with the division to the support of General Dodge, aided in the repulse of the enemy. It shared in the labors and dangers of the siege of Atlanta, and at the close marched in the flank movement which gave possession of that city to Sherman's victorious army.

Following a brief rest in camp, it joined in the pursuit of Hood's army, northward to Gaylesville, Alabama, after which it was moved by rail to Nashville, where it arrived on the 9th of November. From there it marched to Pulaski and took part in the movement made by the army under. General Thomas. Communications with our cavalry having been cut by the enemy, and the line of retreat being imperiled, our forces commenced to fall back. The regiment, with its brigade, covered the roads by which our army was marching to Franklin. At Spring Hill the enemy was encountered, and after a brisk fight, the regiment forced its way through, losing company "C," which was captured. It took part in the engagement at Nashville and joined in the pursuit of Hood's demoralized

On the 3rd of January, 1865, the regiment left Columbia, marching to Clifton, where it embarked and proceeded to Cincinnati, thence by rail to Washington City. Then embarking on transports it sailed for North Carolina, reaching Newbern on the 28th of February'- Upon reaching Wise's Forks the enemy was met in strong force, and made an attack upon our left and center, but after a severe battle he was repulsed and retreated in confusion. The regiment took an active part in this battle. On the 31st of August it was mustered out of service at Greensboro. Leaving for home it arrived at Indianapolis on the loth of September with 532 men and 23 officers under Col. John M. Orr.

Bcu.jnmin J-\ Bush, ns Sergeant; .InmcH S. Hatchings, Corpornl, muBtcrcd out g.q Scrgcnnt; John S. King, Andrew 11. McVccs, an Corpornl; Lemuel Danghcrty, mustered out August 31, 1805; Richard Kama, mustered out July 15, 1865.

One Hundred And Thirty-First Regiment

The One Hundred and Thirty-First Regiment was the last cavalry organization raised in the state. Mustered on the 29th of April, 1864, with Gilbert M. L. Johnson as Colonel, it left, dismounted, for Nashville, Tennessee. After one month in camp of instruction it proceeded to Huntsville, Alabama, where it did garrison duty until October 15, 1864. On the 30th of November, companies "A," "C," "D," "H," "F" and "I," under command of Colonel Johnson, proceeded to Lavergne, to watch the movements of Hood's army. Cut off from the line of retreat, they retired to Murfreesboro, reporting to General Rousseau, under whose direction they participated in the battles of Overall's Creek, Wilkinson's Pike and different skirmishes with the enemy, with a loss of sixty-five killed and wounded and two men missing, from three hundred and twenty-five present for duty. During the same period companies "B," "E," "G," "K," "L" and "M," under command of Lieut.-Colonel Pepper, participated, dismounted, in the battle of Nashville, immediately after which they were joined by the other six companies from Murfreesboro. Newly armed and remounted, the regiment was assigned to the Second Brigade, Seventh Division of the Cavalry Corps of the Military Division of the Mississippi, Colonel Johnson commanding the brigade. On the nth of February it embarked for New Orleans, and from thence proceeded to participate in the operations against Mobile. After the fall of the city, the regiment marched with General Grierson on a raid of 800 miles through Alabama, Georgia and Mississippi, arriving at Columbus, Miss., May 22, 1865. Thence they moved to Macon, Miss., garrisoning that post, and the line of railroad sixty miles in extent, and taking charge of immense stores of captured commissary and quartermaster supplies and ordnance and ordnance stores.

It was mustered out of service on the 18th of November, 1865, and left for Indianapolis, reaching there on November 25, with twenty-three officers and six hundred and thirty-three men. After a sumptuous dinner at the Soldiers Home, it marched to the State House grounds, where addresses of welcome were delivered by Gov. Baker, Gen. Bennett, and responses by Gen. Johnson, Lieut.-Col. Moore and Capt Wells.

One Hundred And Thirty-Fourth Regiment

This regiment was mustered into service for one hundred days, at Indianapolis on the 25th of May, 1864, with 41. officers and 908 men, Colonel James Gavin in command, and immediately proceeded by rail to the field of operations, which embraced Tennessee and North Alabama. The, movements of this and other one-hundred-day regiments were designed to relieve the veterans from guard and garrison duty and permit them to rejoin their commands for the important campaign of the summer. The regiment performed its full share of the duties to which it had been assigned. Two companies were chiefly recruited from Delaware county.

One Hundred And Fortieth Regiment

The One Hundred and Fortieth Regiment was mustered into the service at Indianapolis on the 24th of October, 1864, for the period of one year, with Thomas J. Brady as Colonel. Reaching Murfreesboro on the 23d of November it was placed on duty in Fortress Rosecrans, where it remained during Hood's operations around Nashville, taking part in the battles and skirmishes in the vicinity of Murfreesboro. After the defeat of Hood's army, the regiment took up its line of march, arriving at Columbia on the 28th of December, and there rejoining the 23d Corps, being assigned to the Third Brigade, Third Division, under General Cox. On the 2d of January, 1865, the regiment commenced the march across the country to the Tennessee river, reaching Clifton, Tennessee, on the 6th. On the 1 6th it embarked on steamers and proceeded by water and rail to join the expedition against Fort Fisher near Wilmington in North Carolina. In the attack on Fort Anderson, the regiment was exposed to a severe fire from our own gunboats, and during the assault company "A" captured the garrison flag. On the 20th of February, the rebels were overtaken at Town Creek Bridge, where the regiment participated in their rout and capture, two companies of the regiment being the first troops to enter the enemy's works. On the 6th of March it took up its line of march for Kingston, and made the distance of eighty-six miles, through swamps, in five days, and started for Goldsboro on the 19th of March, arriving there on the 21st and remaining until the 2d of April. It was then detached from the brigade and placed on duty as commissary train guard between Goldsboro and Morehead City, and was so engaged until the 10th, when it was relieved.

Joining the brigade, it moved to Ralcigli, arriving there on the 14th, where it remained until the 6th of May. It then marched to Greensboro, North Carolina, and there remained on duty until the nth of July, 1865, where it was mustered out of service, and proceeded to Indiana.

Arriving at Indianapolis on the 21st of July, it was present at a grand reception given to returned regiments in the Capitol grounds, on the 25th, on which occasion addresses were delivered by Gov. Morton and General Sherman. On the 28th the regiment was paid off and discharged. Thirtynine officers and ten hundred and sixteen enlisted men were mustered into the service. Of these one hundred and two died and fifty deserted. officers from Delaware county.

Corporals - Matthew Swift, mustered out June 22, 1865: Joseph Saunders, mustered out Juno 22, 1865; Lewis McLaughlin, mustered out July 11, 1865, as 8crgeant

Privates - ParkisonCnles, mustered out July 11, 1865; George M. Dale, mustered out Jiity 11, 1865; Philip Kbright, mustered out July 11, 1865, as Corporal.

One Hundred And Forty-Seventh Regiment

The One Hundred and Forty-Seventh Regiment was organized at Indianapolis for one year and mustered into service on the 13th of March, 1865, with Milton Peden as Colonel. On the 16th it left Indianapolis for Harper's Ferry, Virginia, and on arriving there was marched to Charlestown, where it was assigned to one of the provisional divisions of the army of the Shenandoah. From that time until its muster out, on the 4th of August, 1865, it was engaged in doing guard and garrison duty at Stevenson Station, Summit Point, Berryville, Harper's Ferry and Maryland Heights. On the 9th of August it arrived at Indianapolis, with thirty-two officers and seven" hundred and forty-three men for final discharge, and was publicly welcomed home, at a reception held in the State House grove, on the nth, at which speeches were made by Lieut. Gov. Baker, General Harrison, and others, to which Colonel Peden responded. There were mustered with the command thirtynine officers, ten hundred and twelve enlisted men and twenty-seven recruits; total, 1,078; died, forty-four; deserted, sixty-three.

Sergeants - Jonathan W. Thornburg, mustered out May 25, 1805, as Sergeant; William Saunders, promoted to 8econd Lieutenant, mustered out August 9, 1865, as First Sergeant; William Gibson, mustered out August 9, 1865; Silas Johnson, mustered out August 9, 1865; Milo Harrold, mustered out August 9, 1865.

Jonnthnn Hnrrold, mustered out July 17, 1805. William Hitchcock, mustered out June 10, 1865. Ren'on P. Harris, mustered out August 11, 1865. Pharaoh Jordan, mustered out May 10, 1865. MorriB Lykins, mustered out May 30, 1 '

William Losh, died at homo May 25, 1865. David McConncll, died at Bcrryvillc, Va., June 16, 1865. William Pittinger, died at home March 12, 1805. John Russell, mustered out May 19, 1865. John Ruble, mustered out May 10, 1865. Green P. Recder, mustered out Juno 19, 1865. Robert P. Suber, mustered out May 29, 1865. John Spence, mustered out July 20, 1865. William Watson, died at home March 25, 1805. COMPANY E.

William Bcchdolt. John F. Dishart, David A. Fisher, as Corporal; Hiram D. Hartcr, Henry C. Huffman, Martin Jones, mustered out June 13, 1865; Henry L, Rider, William B. Scott, Oliver P. White, Thomas Wright, Casper Zeph, as Corporal

Yorktown 0Uard8

Captain, Jacob n. Koonts, promoted to Colonel. First Lieutenant, Collier M. Reed. 8econd Lieutenants, David Kilgore, promoted to Captain, entered service of

Artificers - Adam Madill, from Company D, Eighty-fourth Indiana; mustered out June 30. 1865. David Mohler, from Company D, Eighty-fourth Indiana; mustered out June 30, 1865.

Sixteenth Battery

Robert P. Hince, discharged May 20, 1862. John Kelly, veteran; mustered out July 5, 1865. Rufus Shidcler, veteran; mustered out July 5, 1865.

Union Rangers

Captain, Henry Kirby, entered United States service as Captain in Eighty-fourth Regiment. Hrst Lieutenant, Georgo Black. Second Lieutenant, James V. Abbott

Indiana Guard

Captain, C. C. Ruggles. lirst Lieutenant, Noble B. Gregory, entered United States Bervice in Eighty-fourth Regiment. Second Lieutenant, George S. lams, entered United States service in Eighty-fourth Regiment.

Indiana State Guards Noble Guakds

Captains, James R. Nation, entered United States service as Captain of Ninth Cavalry; Calvin Skinner. First Lieutenants, William Wright, entered United States service ; Jacob Bowers. Second Lieutenants, William Nation, removed from the county; Jonathan Thomburg, entered United States service; Taylor Gibson.

Bethel, Home Guards

Captain, John Jones, entered United States service. First Lieutenants, Hiram H. Darter, promoted to Captain, entered United States service as First Lieutenant of Ono Hundred nnd Fortieth Regiment: Joseph Thomas. Second Lieutenants, Peter Trimble, removed from the county; William K. Tinker.

The Battle-List

In the following exhibit we present a list of the battles and other engagements, In which regiments containing Delaware County soldiers took part:

1802. Pea Ridge, Arkansas March 6-8 - Eighth Regiment. Winchester, Virginia, March 22, 23 - Seventh and Thirteenth Regiments. Shiloh, Tennessee, April 6, 7 - Thirty-sixth, Thirty-ninth and Fifty-seventh Rogim6D "siege of Corinth, Mississippi, April 11 to Mar 30 - Thirty-sixth, Thirty-ninth, Forty-first, P'ifty-seventh Regiments.

I 412 History Of Delaware County

Rcsncn, Georgia, May 14 and 15 - Thirtieth, Thirty-second, Thirty-sixth Fiftygeventii, Eighty -fourth, One Hundred and First, Ono Huudred aDd Twenty-fourth and Obb Hundred and Thirtieth Regiments.

Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia, Juno 27 - Twelfth, Thirty-second, Fifty-seventh, Eighty-fourth, One Hundred and First, Ono Hundred and Twenty-fourth and On* Hundred nnd Thirtieth Regiments.

Atlanta (feicge), Georgia, July 21 to September 2 - Twelfth, Thirty-second, Fiftyioventh, Eighty-fourth, One Hundred and First, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth and One Hundred and Thirtieth Regiments.

Jonesboro, Georgia, September 1 - Twelfth, Thirty-ninth, Fifty-seventh, Eightyfourth, One Hundred and First and One Hundred and Thirtieth Regiments.

Franklin, Tennessee, November 30 - Thirty-ninth. Fifty-seventh, Eighty-fourth, Ono Hundred nnd First nnd One Hundred nnd Twenty-first Regiments.

Nashville, Tennessee, December 15 and 10 - Fifty-seventh, Eighty-fourth, One Hundred nnd Twenty-fourth, One Hundred and Thirtieth and One Hundred and Thirtyfirst Regiments.

Recapitulation

2,563 A considerable number of these names were repeated, ns in ensos of ro-cnliBtmcnt but it is safe to sny the whole number of men furnished by Delaware County will oxeced two thousand.

Relief. Full soon the families of the volunteers began to need aid, and the ladies at home took the business in hand and set on foot measures to raise money for the relief of the needy. In the early part of the war, before organization was fully developed, everything depended upon private, voluntary action, and right nobly did the citizens, male and female, take hold of the work. Supplies of food and clothing and money were raised and distributed. A "Ladies' Aid Society " was formed, and its operations were continued through most of the war.

By "socials" and sewing circles and fairs, by private collections, and by every other method which sharp-witted ladies could invent, the hearts and the pockets of the people, citizens and strangers as well, were attacked, and right splendidly did they respond to the earnest appeals thus persistently made. At one time, by a single effort, $500 were collected and sent to Mr. Hannaman, at Indianapolis, President of the Indiana Sanitary Commission. At one fair, held by the "Ladies' Aid Society," and continued through two or three days, the net avails were more than $700.

Supplies of all sorts, of necessities and delicacies were gathered from the citizens of the town and from the county at large, and sent forward to the State Commission or otherwise. The people seemed never to grow weary in this course of well-doing, but continued even to the end of the war, in this grand work of mercy and love.

Among the very many ladies prominently active in the work thus carried on in Muncie, a few, selected from the masses operating in this field, might with propriety be mentioned, though the whole people seemed to be moved as by a common impulse, to excel in forwarding the noble enterprise. We mention - not aiming in the least to underestimate the services of others - the names of Mrs. John W. Burson, Mrs. judge March, Mrs. William B. Kline, Mrs. Carlton E. Shipley, Mrs. James A. Maddy, Mrs. John Marsh, Mrs. G. W. Spilker and numerous others entitled to equal credit for their share in the work. The presentation of these names, therefore, is not for the purpose of excluding others no doubt as prominently associated with the movement, but merely as instances now remembered, of the activity which everywhere prevailed.

Relief was given in a generous and liberal spirit both by the county and by townships, citizens and towns, in addition to that supplied by the people at large. The amounts, so far as can be obtained, both for bounty and relief, are as follows : a princely sum - showing, while citizens offered themselves willingly in the struggle to maintain the integrity of the nation, how nobly the authorities at home and the people at large, assumed burdens, and contributed money, etc., for relief and support to the families of those who were absent in the service of the country, or who had died in her defense.

It may be proper to state that, up to 1869, the total amount expended throughout the State for bounty and relief, is computed to have been $20,- 250,640.68. That sum has probably been largely increased since that date. Delaware County, for instance, has expended about $80,000 for bounty since 1872, under the action for equalization.

National Action

6. In many other ways, labor and money were applied to the comfort of the soldiers, as by hospitals, nurses, soldiers' homes, etc. Thus the nation showed, and the soldiers were made to feel, that her constant care was over them, to supply their wants, relieve their necessities, and support their loved ones. Much want and suffering existed, nevertheless ; still, great and noble efforts were put forth throughout the whole war to do all that could be done for help and comfort and for relief. The following is an account of the bounties given by the nation :

National Dountie8

In the general movement for bounty and relief, the people of Delaware County, by the Commissioners, Township Trustees,, City Councils, etc., took a full and abundant share.

In 1873, the Commissioners provided for an equalization of bounty to all three-years men. Thus, under this action, every three-years man from Delaware County has received, or is entitled to receive, from the county as bounty, a sum equal to $100. Under the provisions made in 1872, the men enlisted in 1862 received $75, and the men volunteering in 1861, got $100, and so they all got equal bounty of $100 each.

Draft

No draft was ever called for in Delaware County, except that in 1862, four townships seemed to have a deficiency of 24 men. Jay, at the time was short 103; Randolph, 49; Henry, 160; Wayne, 64; Allen, 597; Grant, 128; Madison, 177, etc. The people of Muncic, supposing their township was liable to the draft, raised by voluntary subscriptions, $8,000 or more, which was expended in hiring persons to enlist so as to avoid the draft. Perhaps twenty-five persons were thus hired to enlist. More careful examination showed that no quota was lacking from Muncie, even before these men had been hired. By this action, and by subsequent volunteers, no future draft was needed.

So ardent and patriotic was the spirit that prevailed, several gentlemen who were too old for the service, and some ladies also, hired persons to go as soldiers. One man sent two in that way, paying them $500 each. Indeed, we are astonished in looking back to those eventful days, at the vigorous and ceaseless enthusiasm which fired the public mind. Love for the cause, and overwhelming anxiety for its triumphant success, made labor easy and carried the people forward in an activity of enterprise and sacrifice without a parallel in our history, or equaled only, if at all, by that of the Revolutionary struggle.

Loss of the Sultana. The steamer "Sultana," one of the largest on the Mississippi river, was built at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1862. She was a regular St. Louis and New Orleans packet, and left Cairo April 15, 1865, bearing the news of the death of President Lincoln, to all points and posts on the river as far as New Orleans. She left the latter port on her fatal trip, April 21st, with about two hundred passengers and crew on board. In the graphic words of one who survived the wreck and published his experience, we quote the following: "But a still greater horror was in store for the ill-fated inmates of Cahaba. Lashed to the levee of Vicksburg was the strong and capacious steamer 'Sultana.' Her decks were covered with cots and beds for the ghastly skeletons called 'paroled prisoners.' Wherever it was possible to stow away a human being within her capacious guards, men who had fought starvation and cold, hunger and heat - men who had fought vermin and filth, despondency and death, were crowded in. . . . With her decks, above and below, crowded to discomfort, with weak-bodied, pinched, and sallow-faced men, the 'Sultana' steamed up the broad Mississippi. Even- league of progress brought hope to her passengers ; visions of a gray-haired mother whose heart has been bursting to know the fate of her boy; visions of a sister into whose eyes tears welled up at the mention of his name, came to the men and gave to them a new life. Memphis is reached; here a large amount of fuel is taken on and the boat goes steaming northward. Night settles down upon them, and when all but those to whom is given the care of the boat, and those to whom pain denies the boon of sleep, are lost in unconsciousness, a great flash lights up the darkness, and, mid crash and roar, mid falling timbers and mangled comrades, hundreds are thrown into the dark waters. The boiler has exploded, the boat is on fire and no help is at hand.

"Of the more than twenty-two hundred on board, more than threefourths were lost." No one knows the true cause of the explosion. It may have been caused by careening of the vessel. It may have been the peculiar kind of boilers in use on the steamer. In just four of the great engagements of the Civil War, was there greater loss of life to Union soldiers than resulted from this explosion. They were Antietam, Gettysburg, Spottsylvania and the Wilderness.

The disaster occurred about two o'clock in the morning of April 27th, 1865, in dark and misting rain, when some seven or eight miles above Memphis, and near the cluster of islands called the "lien and Chickens." In a few moments the steamer was on fire, slowly burned to the water's edge as she drifted downward with the current, and then sank upon the Arkansas side of the Mississippi, three or four miles above Memphis. Fourteen hundred and forty-three were lost at once, and of the seven hundred and fiftyseven rescued, nearly three hundred died in the hospitals at Memphis in the following twenty days. So that a careful estimate places the loss of life caused by the explosion at about seventeen hundred and fifty, the greatest loss of life from a marine disaster that ever occurred upon the Western Hemisphere. One entire chapter of the thrilling sketch, "Cahaba, a Storv of Captive Boys in Blue," deals with this sad event in our history, and the Rev. C. D. Berry has published a volume, "Loss of the Sultana and Reminiscences of Survivors," in which 138 of his comrades recite their recollections of that night of horror. The account by three soldiers from Delaware County, all members of the Ninth Indiana Cavalry, are herewith published.

"I was born in Tyler county, Va., May 28, 1845. ' Enlisted in the service of the United States at Muncic, Ind., on the 15th day of December, 1863, in the 9th Regiment Indiana Cavalry. Was captured at Sulphur Trestle, nine miles north of Athens, Ala., on the Nashville and Decatur Railroad, September 25, 1864, and confined in the Cahaba prison, Alabama. I was put on board the Sultana with eighteen others of my company. The boat was so crowded that there was not room for all of us on the second deck, so five of us went up on the texas roof right in front of the pilot house. I was the only one of the five that escaped. The first recollection I had of the accident, I was falling, and had a cut on my shoulder, bruise on my back and my right side and hip were scalded. This happened seven miles above Memphis. I worked my way out from under the rubbish, and helped pet a good many of the boys out who were pinned down by it, until the fire got so hot that I had to stop and look out for myself. I saw boys start out to swim with all their clothes on, even their overcoats and shoes, but they did not go far before they sank. The only clothes I had on was a pair of drawers, a sock, a handkerchief (which one of the boys gave to me at Vicksburg before he died), and a hat that I picked up about a mile from the boat. I swam back to Memphis and was rescued by the gunboat boys and taken to Fort Pickens, seven and one-half miles below where the steamer's boiler exploded. I, with the rest, had just got out of prison, and only weighed ninety-one pounds. At the time of my capture I weighed one hundred and ninety-seven (197) pounds and had not been -sick a day. My present postoffice address is Cowan, Ind."

"I was born in Plenry county, Indiana, November, 1845, and enlisted in the service of the United States at Henry county, Indiana, December, 1863, in Company G, 9th Cavalry. Was captured at Sulphur Trestle, Ala., September 25, 1864, and confined in Castle Morgan and Cahaba prisons. When the 'Sultana' exploded I was lying in front of the wheel house. I got up and walked across the boat, pulled off my clothes and jumped into the water. I was burned very badly on my neck and shoulders. I swam out to some timbers on the Arkansas side and got on a log. There were nine of us on it. Wc were there until eight o'clock, when we were taken in by a boat.

"I was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, December 4, 1830, and enlisted in the service of the United States at Muncie, Ind., December, 1863, in Company G, 9th Ind. Cavalry.

"Was captured at Sulphur Trestle, Ala., September 25, 1864, and confined in the Castle Morgan prison at Cahaba, Ala., until March, and then was taken to be exchanged at Big Black River, Miss. I got on the boat 'Sultana' at Vicksburg. She was crowded to her utmost capacity. Arrived at Memphis April 26, in the evening, where she discharged a lot of freight. * * * As near as I can tell wc left about twelve or one o'clock that night. I was on the hurricane deck, close to the wheel house, lying down, and was just beginning to doze, when all at once I heard the crash. I jumped up the first thing and saw a great hole torn through the hurricane deck and fire coming through. I stood a few minutes and looked at my surroundings. I concluded to take to the water. I climbed down from the hurricane deck to the cabin deck and took off all my clothes but my drawers and shirt, and then glanced around the burning wreck and saw that I would have to go, so I jumped from the cabin deck into the water. I remained there for two or three hours and then came across a horse trough with a comrade on each end of it. I took the center. When I caught up with the two comrades they were both praying. When I got on with them I said, 'That was a terrible disaster.' They made no reply, but kept right on praying. I said no more to them, and when it was light enough for me to see they were gone. What became of them I never knew. I stayed on the trough till I got to some brush and logs on the Arkansas side; then I bid it good bye about five miles from the ill-fated 'Sultana.' I was taken to Memphis with others. I was put in the Overton hospital, remained there a few days, and then turned my face homeward. I was scalded on my legs and cut on the head. Postoffice address is Muncie, Delaware county, Ind. Occupation, carpenter and joiner."

How little these sketches, taken mainly and condensed from the report of the Adjutant General of Indiana, show of the real history of the men from Delaware county who saw service in the warl From first to last these regiments were to be found over the whole ground of the conflict, the complete battle list showing more than one hundred and fifty engagements. Many of them were heavy and long-contested battles and sieges. From these we name Rich Mountain, Pea Ridge, Shiloh, Corinth, with Butler at New Orleans, in the swamps of the Chickahominy, Cedar Mountain. Gainesville, second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Stone River, Chancellorsvillc, Gettysburg, Champion Hill, Vicksburg, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Resaca, Kcnesaw Mountain, Jonesboro, Atlanta, March to the Sea, Franklin, Nashville, Winchester, Cedar Creek, Petersburg and Appomattox.

What do these formal and official descriptions of movements in the game of war tell us about hunger and thirst, of hardships and forced marches, of camp and bivouac without food or shelter? What of fierce and sanguinary battles, wounds, imprisonment and starvation? What do they tell us of hospitals and cots, of amputating tables, and the sufferings and groans of dying men? What of open trenches filled with the slain, or of the bodies of the dead and wounded heated and charred upon the burning battlefield, and denied a soldier's rough burial at the last? What of the holocaust of death when so many pale-faced prison survivors were blown into eternity, or drowned in the Mississippi river, by the explosion of the steamer "Sultana?" All these things were a possibility for every man who with uplifted hand swore to "protect and defend the Union of these United States against all her enemies and opposcrs whatsoever." They counted the cost. Hundreds of them paid the price.

Asbury L. Kerwood, author of the preceding military history of Delaware county, has been identified with the county by residence and varied business and civic activity for nearly half a century. About eighteen months before he was called into military service by the outbreak of the rebellion he had come to Muncie (in October, 1859) and become an apprentice to learn the saddler's trade with the firm of Brady & Osborn. This was the quiet pursuit that was interrupted by the war. His life as a soldier covered nearly four years, and his subsequent interest in the achievements of the war and in fellow veterans, especially his Delaware county comrades, gives him peculiar fitness for the authorship of this chapter. To his own experience and knowledge he has added painstaking care and diligence in the preparation of this department of the history, and in commending the reliable nature of the preceding articles the publishers also present an account of his life and military and public services.

county, Pennsylvania, who in the thirties had joined the tide of westward emigration in its course down the Ohio valley and had found homes in the new country of western Ohio. Both branches of the family have been settled on the American side of the Atlantic for several generations, the paternal ancestors being of English stock and the maternal Scotch-Irish. Abia M. Kerwood was for thirty-two years a member of the North Indiana conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, spending the closing years of his life in Muncic, where he died in March, 1886. Living during his youth in the various homes established by his father during his ministry, the son Asbury received his education in the public schools of Preble county and in various counties in Indiana, and also one term at Liber College, in Jay county. At the age of seventeen he came to Muncie, as already stated, and lived here until April, 1861.

At the call for troops he enlisted for three months, and in a short time was in the Virginia field of operations. At Rich Mountain, Va., July 11, 1861, he was wounded, and August 6, 1861, was discharged at the end of his term. The following November he enlisted in Company F, Fifty-seventh Indiana Volunteer Infantry. Having never been absent from the command, his military experience during the next three years and a half was that of the Fifty-seventh Regiment. He was in the following engagements: Shiloh, siege of Corinth, Perryville, three days' battle of Stone River, Missionary Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, New Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain (June 18, 23, 27, 1864), Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, Joncsboro, Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville. He was discharged February 4, 1865, at Huntsville, Ala.

In October, 1867, Mr. Kerwood located at the little village of Wheeling, and was in business there until 1875, *or Part °f tne ^mc being postmaster. At the Republican county convention of 1874 he received the nomination for office of clerk of the Delaware circuit court, and was elected in October and reelected in 1878. The duties of this office brought him to Muncie, where he has resided ever since. In April, 1884. he was elected a director in the Citizens' National Bank, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Henry Hamilton, and in April, 1885, succeeded George W. Spilker in the presidency of the bank. He continued as president of this institution until January 12, 1895, when failing health caused him to dispose of his interests and retire from business. Mr. Kerwood has been identified with the educational progress of Muncie, having been a member of the city school board, and served as its treasurer, by reelection, for nine years. He was a director and treasurer of the Muncie Exploring Company, which drilled the first gas well in the Muncie belt after the discovery of gas at Eaton. His name is also connected with the history of the Citizens' Enterprise Company, he being a member of its first advisory board. In 1898 he

July 22, 1868, Mr. Kerwood married Mrs. Susan C. Craw, widow of Kpliraim Craw, and daughter of William P. Reasoner. Mrs. Kerwood passed away April 15, 1895. Mr. Kerwood is- a member of the High Street Methodist Episcopal church, of Post No. 78, G. A. R., and of Muncie Lodge No. 433, F. and A. M.