Putnam County, Indiana - The whole text, 1887 (part 4 of 12)

Alexander M. Scott was First Lieutenant the regiment. Daniel Sullivan having suceeedfrom May 13. 1862, till he resigned. April 1. ed tu the Second Lieutenancy.

1864. Alfred M. Burk was commissioned! The Forty-third Regiment was organized at Second Lieutenant December 3, 1862. and re- : Torre Haute on the 27th of September, 1S61, signed [lie 1st of March, 1864. William L. with George K. Steele as Colonel. Soon after Yelton was made First Lieutenant April 2, its muster into service it moved to Spotts- L864, and Captain May 1. 1864. Tucker W. ville, Kentucky, and from thence to Calhoun, Williamson was First Lieutenanl after Do- where it remained in camp until the latter comber 17. 1804, having previously served part of February, 1862. !? was then transtwo months as Second Lieutenant. James ferred to. Missouri and attached to General E. Burks was the last to hold the latter rank Pope's army, engaging in the siege of New in this company. Madrid and Island No. 10. It was after- the capture of that place. On the 1st of i tenant-Colonel, and Albert G. Preston, Snr- January, 1864, the regiment re-enlisted at j goon, of the Fifty-fifth Regiment, which Little Rock, the veterans re-mustered, num.- contained three companies (D, I and K) bering about 4(H). In March it moved with | from Putnam County. Silas P. Jones the expedition of General Steele from Little j was Captain of Company I), Milton Rock, which was intended to co-operate j A. Osborn, First Lieutenant; and Daniel with Hanks' lied River expedition, and was j Ricketts, Second Lieutenant. Company I in tlte battles at Elkins' Ford, Jenkins' Ferry, | was raised in the vicinity of Fillmore. Camden and Marks' Mills, near Saline River, j James B. Harrah was Captain, William A. At the hitter place, on the 30th of April, the j Grigsby, First Lieutenant, and Edward 1 Janbrigade to which it was attached, while ! hour, Second Lieutenant. Company K came guarding a train of 4-00 wagons returning j from the neighborhood of Putnamville. from Camden to Pine Bluffs, was furiously dames T. Layman was Captain, Estes II. attacked by about 0,000 of Marmaduke's cav- ! Layman, First Lieutenant, and William II. airy. The Forty-third lost nearly 200 in j Young. Second, Lieutenant. killed, wounded and missing in this engage- | The Fifty-fifth Regiment was organized at menr. Among the captured were 10-4 of the Indianapolis, under special orders, and musre-enlisted veterans. tered into service for three mouths, on the

After its return to Little Rock the regi- 16th of June, 1862, with John R. Malian as incut proceeded to Indiana, on veteran fur- ; Lieutenant-Colonel, who continued to comlough, reach ing Indianapolis on the 10th of j mand it until its final discharge. It was flunv. Upon its arrival the regiment volun- | assigned to the duty of guarding the Fort teered to go to Frankfort, Kentucky, then Dune] son prisoners at Camp Morton, where threatened by Morgan's cavalry, and remained it remained until August and then proceeded there until the rebel forces left Central Ken- to Kentucky, with other troops sent there to tucky. On its return the regiment had a resist the invasion of General Kirby Smith. skirmish with Jesse's guerrillas near Eini- The regiment remained on duty in Central nence, Kentucky. | Kentucky until the expiration of its term of

Upon the expiration of its veteran fur- : service, when it returned to Indianapolis, lough the regiment was not returned to the i where it was mustered out. field, but placed on duty at Indianapolis, and i A few men from Putnam County joined for nearly a year was engaged in guarding : the Fifty-ninth Regiment. Jesse M. Lee the rebel prisoners at Camp Morto i. After j became Second Lieutenant September 4, 1862, the war was over it, was one among the first ; First Lieutenant December 10, 1862, and regiments mustered out, which ceremony took Captain (Company I>) .May 1, 1863. Edward place June 14,1865. Of the 164 men cap- | Livingston was commissioned Second Lieutured from this regiment in Arkansas and ; tenant of Company I August 18, 1862, and taken to the rebel prison at Tyler, Texas, ten j dismissed July 15, 1863. or twelve died, and the others, returning to teers. Among the general officers were; and twenty-five of the regiment escaped cao- Courtland C. Matson, Adjutant from July 19, | ture. The captured oineer.s and men were 1862, to Decemher 18, 1862, Lieutenant paroled, and the regiment returned to Terre Colonel from the latter date to July 1. 1805, Haute, where it was reorganized and refitted and then commissioned Colonel, though mus- I for service. Captain .fames Middle, of the tered out as Lieutenant-Colonel; William Fifteenth Infantry, U. S. A., was commis- Conklin, Major from August 18,1862, and sioned Colonel of the regiment, and after the killed at battle of .Richmond, Kentucky, An- I paroled prisoners were declared exchanged, gust 30, 1862; William A. .Brown, Adjutant the regiment again left for Kentucky. On from Decemher 13, L802, and mustered out the 27th of Decemher, 400 men and officers August 14-, 1865; and Edward R. Kereheval, | of the regiment were sent to Muldraugh's Quartermaster from July 10, 1862, resigned . Hill to guard trestle-work, and on the follow-

Company C, from this county, was organ- : -LOGO rebels, under command of General John ized with James II. Sands as Captain. Joseph ; if. Morgan, and after an engagement of an A. Standeford as First Lieutenant, and John hour and a half wen- surrounded and cap- Hansel as Second Lieutenant. Standeford tured. The regiment then returned to Enresigned October 21, 1864, and Hansel was dianapolis, where it remained until the 26th promoted. The latter was made Captain of! of August, 1863.

Company II January 1, 1865, and John S, j On the 23d of February, 1863, an order Applegate succeeded him as First Lieuten- j was issued by the Secretary of War authorant, while Alfred Watson was made Second ' izing the Seventy-first to be mounted and Lieutenant. Samuel W. Sherfey went out as j changed into a cavalry organization. The First Lieutenant of Company It, and Sep- two additional companies (L and M) were tember 6, 1864, became Captain. Andrew organized and .mustered into service as fol- J. Rockwell went out as First Lieutenant of lows: Company i. September 1, 1863, and Company F, and was promoted Captain De- Company M October 12, L803. The reo-icember 5, 1862. lie resigned January 13. ment was then sent into Fas! Tennessee, and 1863. engaged in the siege of Knoxville, mm in the

The Seventy-first Regiment was organized active operations against General Longstreet, at Terre Haute in duly and August, 1862, on the Holston and Clinch rivers, losing many and mustered into service as an infantry or- men in killed and wounded. In the spring ganization at Indianapolis on the 18th of j of 1864 it was ordered to Mount Sterling, August, 1862, with Melville D. Topping as | Kentucky, to be remounted, and afterward Lieutenant-Colonel. It was stmt immedi- j was stationed at Nicholasville, Kentucky. ately to the field in Kentucky, to assist in re- j On the 29th of April, 1884,.-it left N impelling the invasion of Kirhy Smith. On i olasville for Georgia, marched over the Cumthe 30th of August it was engaged in the j berland Mountains and joined General battle of Richmond, Kentucky, in which ac- Sherman's army, then in front of Dal ton, on Hon Lieutenant-Colonel Topping and Major the 11th of May. It was at once assigned to Oonkl in were killed. The loss to the regi- the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Ohio, ment was 215 officers and men killed and ; commanded by General Stoneman, serving in wounded, and 347 prisoners. Two hundred ; the Second Brigade, under command of

Colonel Biddle. The Sixth Cavalry, during the Atlanta campaign, participated in all the j cavalry operations, and was engaged in the battles of Resaca, Cassvillc, , Kenesaw Mount- j ain and other engagements. It aided in the j capture of Allatoona Pass, and was the first to j take possession of and raise the flag upon i Lost Mountain. On the 27th of July the \ regiment started with General Stoneman on his raid to Macon, Georgia, and in that expo- j dition it lost 166 men and officers in killed, \ wounded and captured.

On the 28th of August the regiment left Marietta, Georgia, and returned to Nashville to be remounted and equipped. Early in September a part of the regiment was sent in pursuit of General Wheeler. On the 24th of September ir left Nashville with Croxtoivs cavalry division to assist in repelling tlu- invasion of Middle Tennessee by Forrest. The expedition was commanded by General Rousseau, and was absent from Nashville twenty -one days, having fought and defeated Forrest at Pulaski, Tennessee, on the 27th of September, and pursued him to Florence and Waterloo, Alabama. In the engagement at Pulaski the Sixth Cavalry lost twenty-three men in killed and wounded.

Ou the 1st of November the regiment starred by railroad t<> Dalton, Georgia, where it remained until the 26th of that mouth, when it returned to Nashville. On the 15th and 16th of December it participated in the battle in front ol Nashville, and after the repulse of Mood's army immediately followed in pursuit of the retreating enemy. Returning to Nashville, it remained there until the 1st of April, 1865, when it moved to Pulaski with the Second Brigade, Sixth Division of the Cavalry Corps of the Military Division of the Mississippi.

expire prior to October 1, 1865, were mustered out of service at Pulaski, Tennessee. On the 27th of June. 1865, the remaining recruits of the Sixth Cavalry were consolidated with the remaining recruits of the Fifth Cavalry, and the new organization thus formed (consisting of nine companies) was designated the Sixth Indiana Cavalry. The regiment left Pulaski for Indianapolis with 425 men for discharge. On reaching the State capital it was publicly welcomed home, on the 21st of June, with other regiments, and addressed by Governor Morton, General llovey and others, from the reception stand in the State house grove.

The reorganized regiment remained in service in Middle Tennessee, under command of Colonel Courtland C. Matson, until the 15th of September, 1865, when it was mustered out of service at Mnrfreesboro, and returned home with 631 men and thirty-two officers. On reachincr Indianapolis it. was present at a reception given to returned troops in the capi.tol grounds, on which occasion Lieutenant-General Grant was present. After a reception speech by Governor Morton, General Grant was introduced and briefly addressed the soldiers and citizens.

William L. Farrow commanded this regiment as Lieutenant-Colonel. Two companies were from Putnam County, officered as : follows: Company B Captain, Alfred J.

1 Ilawu; First Lieutenant, "William M. Byerly; Second Lieutenant, Charles P.Winn; Com- ' pany A - - Captain, Robert E. Smith; First Lieutenant, Benjamin Pritchard; i Second Lieutenant, William II. Munson. I Guerrilla raids becoming frequent on our I borders during the summer of 1862, and I sixty days' volunteers being tendered to the I Executive, an organization composed of six companies was accepted, which rendezvoused j at Indianapolis, with William L. Farrow as | Lieutenant-Colonel, and was mustered into j the service '-August 5, 1862. The organization was designated as the Seventy-eighth j Regiment, armed, equipped, and stationed at Evansville, where it performed guard duty, and made several expeditions into Kentucky in pursuit of guerrillas. In one of these affairs a portion of the regiment was captured, and paroled at Uniontown, Kentucky, and Lieutenant Howard, of Company C, killed. The regiment also was employed in picket duty along the border during its term of service.

Ninety-Seventh Regiment

Company D, of this regiment, was from Putnam County, and was orgauized late in the summer of 1862, with the following officers: James J. Smiley, Captain; Joseph W. Piercy, First Lieutenant, and William II. Sherfey, Second Lieutenant. Piercy resigned November 11, 1862, and his grade was filled by the promotion of Sherfey, whose place was taken by John W. Busby. Lieutenant Sherfey was transferred to the Signal Corps, and Joseph L. Friend became First Lieutenant. Lieutenant Busby resigned April 27, 1864, and James Siuer was promoted to the vacancy thus created.

The Ninety-seventh Regiment was organized in the Seventh Congressional District, during the month of August, rendezvoused at Torre Haute, and was mustered into the service on the 20th day of September, 1862, with Robert F. Catterson as Colonel. Soon after its muster the regiment proceeded to Memphis, Tennessee, and upon its arrival there was assigned to the Third Brigide, First Division, Seventeenth Army Corps. The regiment was assigned to duty near Memphis, and accompanied General Grant's movement toward Vicksburg by the overland route. But the disaster at Holly Springs delayed the movement and rendered it unsuccessful. The regiment then returned to Moscow, Tennessee, and were on dnty at that place until it joined General Sherman's army, then in the rear of Vicksburg, near the Big Black River, watching the movements of the rebel General Johnston, who with a large army threatened to break our investing lines and raise the siege of Vicksburg.

On the 4th of July, 1863, Vicksburg surrendered, and Sherman's column at once pushed for Jackson, marching fifty miles, through dust and heat, in a country almost destitute of water, to meet the foe. Our advance reached the works in front of Jaekson on the 9th, and soon invested the place. Constant skirmishing took place, the regiment taking an active part, until the 16th, when the enemy evacuated, and our army entered the city. The regiment then returned to the Big Black and rested for a short time.

On the 13th of September, orders were sent to Generals Grant and Sherman, at Vicksburg, to send all available forces to Corinth and Tuscnmbia, to co-operate with General Rosecrans in case Bragg should attempt to turn Rosecrans' right flank, and invade Tennessee. In accordance with these orders the regiment moved with its division to Memphis, and on the 27th of October the advance of our corps entered Tuscuinbia, Alabama. The column then pushed on toward Bridgeport, and after a march of over four hundred miles, with no rest for three successive nights, crossed the Tennessee River and took part in the battle of Chattanooga on the 25th of November. The regiment took an active part in this battle. Immediately after the battle of Chattanooga the army of General Sherman moved to the relief of General Burnskle, in East Tennessee, which result was accomplished. The Ninety - seventh marched with the column over one hundred miles. The regiment then returned with its corps to Scottsboro, Alabama, and remained there until the opening of the Atlanta campaign, in May, 1801.

On the 0th of May the Armv of the Tenassault. On the 2d of July MePherson moved to Turners' Ferry, and threatened the enemy's rear. The rebels at once abandoned their position on Kenesaw, and fell back to Smyrna Church.

nessee, commanded by General MePherson, ! pursuit, and on the l*th the advance of our was near Gordons Mill, on Chi ckamauga j corps reached the Augusta railway, seven Creek. The Ninety-seventh belonged to the j miles east of Decatur, destroyed the works Third Brigade, Fourth Division. Fifteenth ( and then marched toward Decatur. On the Army Corps, under command of General ! 22d the enemy made a fierce assault along John A. Logan, and was a portion of the ! our whole front, and after a terrific and Army of Tennessee. On the 8th MePherson j sanguinary battle, were repulsed. In the reached Snake ('rock Gap, and the next dav ! battle the brave and noble General MePheraI r, and j Logan's Fifteenth Corps formed die extreme il Mc- right Hank of the army before Atlanta, being in position along a wooded and commanding ridirc. At noon the rebel armv sallied forth

Polk's corps from the hill that commanded from Atlanta and advanced in parallel lines the railroad ami bridge.-.. Other portions of ; against the Fifteenth Corps, with the hope the arm}- pressing on, resulted in the battle I of crushing it. The rebel attack was met of Resaea, on the Mth and 15th of May, the with a severe and galling fire and driven back regiment being engaged. The enemy was j in confusion. Rallying, he essayed another defeated, and retreated during the night. | assault, but was firmly nn t and cheeked,

The corps to which the regiment was imtii at four o'clock in the afternoon, after a attached moved in pursuit by the way of j desperate struggle, he was utterly routed, .Lay's Ferry, and crossed the river at that { and fell back to his entrenchments at Atlanta, point. On .the 27th the enemy was again j General Logan's Fifteenth Corp?, to which encountered, at Dallas, and repulsed, the the regiment was attached, was conspicuous in Ninety-seventh taking part in the fight. On ; this battle, being chiefly engaged in the fight, the 1st of -1 une an encounter took place with j On the 29th of August the Ninety-seventh the enemy at New Hope Church, and on the 1 moved with its corps on the flanking march loth a sharp affair was had at Big Shanty, around Atlanta, and was engaged in the the regiment being engaged. On the 27th battle of Jonesboro on the 21st. On the 1st an assault was made upon the enemy's works ! of September it reached Lovejoy's Station, on Kenesaw Mountain, which resulted A\^- \ and, upon the evacuation of Atlanta, returned astroHsry, the regiment being engaged in the I to East Point, where it encamped.

The Civil War

On the 3d of October tlie regiment joined in the pursuit of Hood, and had a sharp light at Little River, Georgia, on the 26th. It then returned to its old camp.

On the 12th of November the regiment started with the right wing of Sherman's army on its march to the sea. On the 22d it participated in a tight at Griswoldville, Georgia, repulsing a large body of the enemy. On the 8th of December it was again engaged at Little Ogeechee River, and on the 21st entered the city of Savannah. The regiment rested a short time at Savannah, and then moved with Sherman's army through the Carolinas, being present at the capture of Columbia, South Carolina, on the 15th of February, 1865, and at the battle of Bentonville, North Ga-olina, on the 21st of March. It then moved to Goldsboro, and thence marched by the way of Richmond, Virginia, to Washington City, District of Columbia, where, on the 9th day of June, 1865, the Ninety-seventh Regiment was mustered out of the service of the United States.

The regiment has lost in killed 4P>, wounded 140, died of disease 149. It has lost three color bearers, killed in important assaults on the 15th and 27th of June, 1804. The regiment has marched over 3,000 miles.

A iters its muster out the regiment proceeded to Indianapolis, and was welcomed by an ovation in the State House grounds, on the 13th of dune, and addressed by Governor Morton and General Ilovcy, After which the regiment ceased to exist as an organization, and its members went home to enjoy in peace the lienors they had so fairly won.

One Hundred And Fifth Regiment

I William II. Munson, First Lieutenant; Abel I Tyler, Second Lieutenant. Of the regimental officers, these were from Putnam County: Robert E. Smith, Major; William Spurgeon, Adjutant; and Marshall A. Moore, Quartermaster.

The One Hundred and Fifth Regiment i was composed of seven companies of the ! Legion, and three of Minute Men. Henry | County furnished two companies, Randolph

\ company. The companies of the Legion | were named as follows: A, Union Guards; ! 1), Union Defenders: D, Liberty Tigers; E, I Hancock Guards: F, Abington Home Guards; | G, Union Guards; U. Green Township ! Rangers. The regiment was organized on ! the 12th of July, 1803, and contained an i aggregate of 713 rank and file, with Kline G. I Shryock as Colonel. It at once left Indianapolis for Lawreneeburg. Upon reaching I Morris Station the command disembarked I from the ears, and, throwing out pickets, | bivouacked for the night. Next morning j the inarch was made to Sunman's Station, where great alarm existed among the citizens, caused by the approach of the enemy. The j regiment pushed on to Van Wedden's Station, where the rebels were reported to be, but found that the enemy had left, after destroying the railroad. The regiment joined in the pursuit of Morgan, until near Harrison, Ohio. It then marched to Lawrenceburg. There being a report that Morgan's forces were returning to capture- Lawrenceburg, the regiment moved out to check him, and while getting into position an 1 indiscriminate tiring took place among the | men, resulting in killing eight ami wounding twenty. The regiment returned to Indianap- ; olis on the 18th of duly, LS03, and was i mustered out.

One Hundked And Fifteenth Eegiment

John R. Mahan, Alfred J. Hawn and o sorge W. Whitworth, all of this county, were respectively Colonel, Lieutenant-Colonel rid Quartermaster of this regiment. Companies C, II and I were from Putnam County. fighlman II. Nance was Captain, James T. Layman, First Lieutenant, and Estes H. Layman, Second Lieutenant of Company C, from the southern part of the county. James B. Earrah was Captain and Charles A. Mathews First Lieutenant of Company II, raised in the eastern part of the county. Tarwin C. Grooms was First Lieutenant of Company F from November 15, 1863. William H. Allison was Captain, William A. Fordyce, First Lieutenant, and Abram J. Biddle, Second Lieutenant, of Company I, from Greencastle and vicinity.

In June, 1863, the President made a requisition on the Governor of Indiana for a number of regiments for six months- service, and a call was made for one regiment from each Congressional District. When the call was issued, a harvest was near at hand, and a great deficiency of labor was likely to be experienced in the agricultural districts, causing delay and an abatement in enlistments, so that only four regiments were organized.

Tiie One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment was organized at Indianapolis on the 13th of August, 1863, and mustered into service on the 17th of the same month, with John R. Mahan as Colonel. On the 16th of September it left the Capital and proceeded through Central Kentucky to Nichplasville, where it joined the command of General O. B. Wilcox, then on its way to East Tennessee. By his order the four regiments of six months' men were placed in a brigade, and Colonel Mahan assigned to the command of the same, after which Lieutenant-Colonel A. J. Hawn had the immediate command of the regiment.

On the 24th of September the regiment moved with its brigade from Nicholasville for Cumberland Gap, passing through Crab Orchard, Mount Vernon, London and Barboursville, Kentucky, and reaching Cumberland Gap on the 3d of October. Remaining there till the 6th, it then marched southward, passing through Tazewell and crossing the Clinch River, Clinch Mountains and Ilolston River, and entering Morristown on the 8th. On the 10th the regiment reached Blue Springs, when the enemy was engaged and driven from his position on a commanding hill, and then pursued some fifteen miles. j The regiment then moved to Greenville, J where it remained until the 6th of Novem- J ber, when it marched to Bull's Gap, where j it was engaged for some time in fortifying j the mountain passes. While here the comj maud suffered for want of food and clothing, ! the men subsisting on quarter rations, without sugar or coffee, and frequently living on parched corn. Many of the soldiers were thinly clad, and without shoes, and their sufferings from exposure to the cold were exceedingly severe.

From Bull's Gap the regiment moved to Clinch Gap and Clinch River, reaching Sycamore about the middle of December, from whence it marched to Walker's Ford. During the winter the One Hundred and Fifteenth was kept on duty in the mountains of East Tenneseee, marching, almost shoeless, over rough roads, and enduring many hardships. The result of this campaign was, that the hospitals at Cumberland Gap were tilled with sick and exhausted soldiers, who were subsequently transferred to Camp Nelson, and from thence sent to Louisville and Indianapolis.

meeting held in the State House grounds on the 12th of February, 1864, and addressed by Governor Morton, General Carrington and Mayor Caven, to which responses were made by Lieutenant-Colonel llawn and Chaplain Snmmerbell. In a few days, afterward the regiment was finally discharged from service.

One Hundred And Twenty-Third Regiment

Company F, of this regiment, was organized February 1, 1864. with Elisha Cowgill as Captain, Abel Tyler as First Lieutenant and Joseph M. Donnohue as Second Lieutenant, < laptain Cowgill resigned July 10, 180-4, Lieutenant Donnohue was made Captain, and Charles O. Wagoner raised to the Second Lieutenancy.

One Hundred Ant.' Twenty-Thibp Regiment

The One Hundred and Twenty-third Regiment was recruited during the winter of 1803 and [804, from the Fourth and Seventh Congressional Districts, rendezvoused at Greensburg, and was mustered into service on the 9th of March, 1864, with John C. McQniston as ('(.loud. On the 18th the regiment left for Nashville, and upon arriving there was assigned, to the Second Brigade, First Division, Twenty-third Army Corps. On the 4th of April the regiment marched with it.- division for Charleston, Tennessee, and. after twenty days steady marching, readied that place and camped.

On the 3d of May the regiment marched with its corps on the campaign against Atlanta, passing through Cleveland, Tennessee, and lied Clay, Georgia, and on the 9th was engaged on Rocky Face Ridge. The Second Brigade was on the extreme left of Sherman's army, and facing a conical peak surmounted by heavy guns and surrounded by formidable works at its base. A detachment, supported by the One Hundred and Twenty-third and j One Hundred and Thirtieth Indiana, charged j and captured this position and drove the j enemy into his works at Rocky Face Ridge. | On the 14th the regiment moved with its di- : vision through Snake Creek Gap, and on the i day following moved to the extreme left of the army, arriving in time to take part in the battle of Resaca, and received and repulsed a dashing assault of the enemy on our j exposed flank. The enemy retreated during i the night, and the regiment joined in the I pursuit, passing through Resaca, Calhoun ' and Cassville, skirmishing almost constantly i with the enemy's rear guard. On the 24th I the regiment crossed Etowah River and advanced to the support of General Hooker ! near Dallas. During the last week of May, j a detachment of rebel cavalry captured a pori tion of the division supply train and several | men belonging to the regiment. j The month of June opened with heavy i rains, which flooded our camps, almost de- : stroyed the country roads, and spread disease among the men. Rations were short for want | of transportation, and the men worn out by marching, lighting and exposure. On the | 9th of June the Second Brigade was traris- ! ferred to the Second Division (II ascalFs) of the same corps. On the 12th the regiment I was detailed to guard the ordnance train. ! and on the 16th joined its brigade.

On the 23d Hood's rebel corps was demonstrating on the Sandtown road, near Pine Mountain, threatening the flank of the Twentieth corps, llascall's division moved rapidly to the threatened point. The regiment had scarcely got into position, when heavy columns of the enemy swarmed in front of its division, and made a fierce assault. The rebel charge was met and decisively repulsed with great loss to the enemy. The regiment lost but one killed.

Genera] Sherman determined to make an assault on the enemy's position on Kenesaw Monntain. To, conceal his real intention. General Schoiield was ordered to demonstrate vigorously on our right. On the morning of the '27th the regiment moved to its allotted position, and rapidly advancing drove the enemy into his intrenchments. Several attempts were made by the enemy to drive the regiment from its advanced position, but without success, and the regiment held its place until midnight of the 30th, when it was relieved by another regiment. The regiment lost in this battle six killed and forty wounded. At daybreak the regiment was again marching in pursuit of the enemy, who fell back slowly, skirmishing sharply, and making obstinate resistance at every favorable point of defense. At sundown the regiment joined in an impetuous charge, driving the enemy from his works and establishing a line far in the advance. Support soon arrived, and the men lay down to rest, having been under fire for four days and four nights, and without rations for thirty hours, appeasing the pangs of hunger by eating blackberries gathered on the field of battle.

On the 4th of July certain demonstrations on the enemy's line of communications, and the capture of his entire line of rifle pits, caused him to abandon his works and fall back to the Chattahoochee River. On the

1 7th the advance of our corps captured the bridge and effected a crossing o\' the Chattaj hoochee. The enemy, finding his rear threatened, crossed the river on the 9th. On the ! 17th the forward movement was continued, : Hascall's division taking the road to Decatur. I On the 19th, our brigade being in the ad- ; vance, encountered the enemy near Decatur, 1 assaulted his position, captured it, and drove ; his Hying troops through that town. A por- ! tion of the railroad was then destroyed.

The sieire of Atlanta was now fairly begun, fighting and skirmishing were of ! constant occurrence. The roar of artillery or ! the constant dropping of rifle balls, were ; familiar sounds. The enemy had extended his works southwest of Atlanta to the vicinity I of East Point. General Schoiield determined to dislodge him from two hills that commanded the extreme right of our position. One brigade from each division was selected I for this work. In our division the choice fell | on the brigade to which the One Hundred 1 and Twenty-third was attached. On the 0th of August the movement was made. Push- : ing through a dense thicket of pines and. j oaks, the command emerged to an open Held, upon the further side of which were the : enemy's works, containing a battery, supported by a heavy force. The order was ' given to charge! With a cheer the line swept forward, its ranks torn with a heavy artillery and musketry fire from the enemy, and carried the position. The regiment lost | in this charge twenty-seven killed and j wounded. Captain Fletcher G. Owens and | Franklin F. Swain fell mortally wounded. j Two color sergeants were shot down, and the colors seized by private Bruce Hicks, of i Company G, who carried them triumphantly ! through the fight. The regiment was coni stantly under fire until the 29th of August, j when it moved with its corps on the flank movement, which resulted in the evacuation of Atlanta by the rebel army. The regiment then returned, with its corps, and went into camp at Decatnr. During this campaign the regiment lost twenty-eight killed and 105 wounded.

The rebel General Ilood having crossed the Chattahoochee River, and interrupted our communications, striking the railroad at Dig Shanty, and capturing the small detachments in the block houses, our forces moved in pursuit. On the 4th of October the regiment left Decatur, and marching with its corps, proceeded to Home, thence to Resaca, and thence, through Snake Creels Gap, to Gaylesville. Alabama, where further pursuit ceased. On the 30th the Twenty-third Corps was ordered to report to General Thomas at Nashville. The regiment marched with its corps to Chattanooga, and thence moved by rail to Columbia, Tennessee.

On the 10th of November the regiment was sent down Duck River. Six companies under Colonel McQuiston were stationed opposite Williamsport, the rest of the regiment, under Lieutenant Colonel Walters, fortified a commanding eminence on Gordon's Ferry. The enemy menaced these points for several days. On the 30th it was ascertained that the enemy had passed our left, think and was marching on Franklin. Orders were received to rejoin Scholicld at Franklin. The Ninetyfirst and One Hundred ami Twenty-third Indiana, numbering in the aggregate seven hundred men, .under Colonel Mehringer, of the Ninety-first, marched that night in the direction of Franklin. They had proceeded but a short distance when they found themselves in the rear of Forrest's rebel cavalry, fifteen thousand strong. Their only mode of escape was by moving cautiously, and with great celerity around the enemy's left. There were but two alternatives, if unsuccessful capture or destruction. The command moved silently and rapidly forward, and after sixty hours' continuous marching, succeeded in eluding the enemy, and rejoined the brigade beneath the ramparts of Fort Nogley, in the suburbs of Nashville.

During the first two weeks in December the regiment was engaged in strengthening the defenses of Nashville. On the loth the regiment moved with the army upon the rebel forces of General Hood, and took part in the battle of Nashville, on the 15th and 10th of December, losing in killed and wounded. The regiment then joined in the pursuit of Hood until the 27th, when it halted at Columbia, Tennessee, and went into camp. Here the regiment remained until the 3d of January, 1865, when it marched to Clifton, and, embarking on a steamboat, sailed for Cincinnati, where it took the railroad cars and was rapidly carried to Washington City. On the 18th of February the regiment embarked with its brigade on a steamship, at Alexandria, Virginia, and, after a pleasant passage, lauded at Fort Anderson, on the banks of Cape Fear River, North Carolina, which post was occupied until the 1st of March. The command then re-embarked and sailed to Moorhead City, and from thence proceeded, by railroad, to Newbern, North Carolina.

From Newbern the command (consisting of the First Division, Twenty-third Army Corps, and two provisional divisions), marched on the 3d of March. Advancing slowly along the line of the railroad toward Raleigh, constructing rail and wagon roads as they moved, the advance encountered Bragg, at Wise's Forks, on the 7th, and skirmishing commenced. At ten o'clock the next day the enemy made a furious assault. The First Division moved rapidly to the front, and in a short time the regiment, with its brigade, was engaged in a severe battle. The rebel onset was very determined, but, being firmly met, the enemy was driven back, and retreated to his works, which were flanked by impassable swamps. For two days and nights the righting continued, the enemy | assaulting the slight works our troops had erected, but being repeatedly repulsed. At noon of the 10th, Hoke's rebel division, the j flower of Braerg's army, having made an extensive detour, suddenly appeared in three lines of buttle on our left flank, advancing with the customary demoniac yell. The Second Brigade changed front, and in a short time formed a new Hue nearly a mile distant. Major Kobbins was placed in command of! the skirmish line of four companies, and advanced through a dense thicket, on a doublequick, supported by the brigade. They had moved but a few rods when the enemy was met, also advancing. A withering volley poured into his ranks, and our brigade rushed on with a cheer. The enemy recoiled, and our lines extending, overlapped those of the enemy, and poured in an enfilading fire, which completed his discomfiture.

After resting on the battle-field two days the Twenty-third Corps moved on Kingston, which was evacuated by the enemy upon our approach. The movement was continued, and Goldsboro reached on the 21st of March. Here General Sherman's forces were met. The regiment was stationed at Lenoir Instilute and employed in guarding the railroad. On the 9th of April the regiment marched for Goldsboro, and from thence moved with the army to Raleigh, arriving there on the 21st. On the 3d of May the regiment marched for Greensboro, arriving there on the 7th. The regiment moved by rail to Charlotte on the loth, and went into camp with its division. The regiment remained at Charlotte, North Carolina, during the summer of 1865, and then moved to Raleigh. On the 25th of August, the regiment left Raleigh for Indianapolis, and readied that place on the 4th of September, with an aggregate of five hundred rank and file. On the 5th, the One Hundred and Twenty-third, as the guests of the ladies of Indianapolis, partook of a sumptuous dinner at the Soldiers Home, and proceeding from thence to the State House grove, were welcomed with addresses from General Maniield and Colonel Truster. The regiment was mustered out of the service of the United States on the 25th of August, 1805, at Raleigh, North Carolina, and after its arrival and reception in Indianapolis, received final payment and discharge.

Regiment

Company F of this regiment was furnish* d by Putnam County. Robert E. Smith was Captain, Richard S. Tennant, First Lieutenant and dames W. Beck, Second Lieutenant. The Governors of Ohio. Indiana, Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin having- offered to raise for the service of the general Government a force of volunteers to serve for 100 days, Governor Morton, on the 23d of April, 1864, issued his call for Indiana's proportion of that force. The troops thus raised were to perform such military services as might be | required of them in any State, and were to j be armed, subsisted, clothed and paid by the 1 United States, but were not to receive any ; bounty. These troops were designed to aid : in making the campaign of 1864 successful and decisive by relieving a large number of I veterans from garrison and guard duty, and I allow them to join their companions in arms. : then about entering upon one of the most : active and important campaigns of the war. j Their places were filled by the 100-day men 1 as fast as the latter could be organized into I regiments and sent forward from the camps of rendezvous. The organizations from Indiana consisted of eight regiments, numbered consecutively from the One Hundred and Thirty-second to the One Hundred and Thirtyninth, inclusive. The One Hundred and Thirty-third Regiment was composed of nine companies raised in the Seventh Congressional District, and one company raised at Richmond in the Fifth District. These were organized into a regiment and mustered into service at Indianapolis on the 17th of May,

Each of these 100-day regiments, on arriving at Nashville, was assigned to duty at different places along the lines of the Nashville & Chattanooga, Tennessee & Alabama and Memphis & Charleston Railroads; and until the latter part of August, 1864, were constantly engaged in guarding these lines of communication used by General Sherman for the transportation of supplies to his army then advancing on Atlanta. The regiments all served beyond the period of 100 days, and returned to Indianapolis, where they were finally discharged from the service.

One Hundred And Forty-Ninth Regiment

Company C, from this county, was organ- J ized February 20, 1865, with Estes II. Layman as Captain, John P. Layman as First Lieutenant, and Samuel Talley as Second Lieutenant. These officers served until the close of the war. Artemus W. Allen was Adjutant of the regiment from February 8,

The regiment was recruited in the Seventh Congressional District, and was organized at Indianapolis on the 1st day of March, 1865, with William II. Fairbanks as Colonel. It left Indianapolis on the 3d for Nashville, Tennessee, and was a few weeks afterward sent to Decatur, Alabama, in which vicinity it did duty until its muster out. While stationed at that place the regiment received the surrender of the rebel forces commanded by Generals Roddy and Polk, together with large quantities of arms and munitions of war. On the 18th of September it proceeded to Nashville, where it was mustered out on the 27th of September, 1865. Arriving at Indianapolis on the 29th, with 30 officers and 800 men, it was publicly welcomed home at a reception meeting held in the Capitol grounds, and was addressed by Governor Morton. General Finnell, of Kentucky, and others.

Light Artillery

Putnam County furnished men for both the Eighteenth and Twentieth Batterie raised during the summer of 1862. SamiK L. Hartman was for one year First Lieutc ant of the Eighteenth, and was the, honorably dismissed. Moses M. Beck was successively Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant and Captain of the same battery. Milton A. Osborn was Captain for two years, ana Thomas H. Stevenson Second Lieutenant for one year, of the Twentieth Battery.

Indiana Legion

Ellsworth Greys, organized at Greencastle July 23, 1861. Captain, S. P. Jones; First Lieutenant, William Lane; Second Lieutenants, T. C. Grooms (entered United States service) and A. T. Squire.

Allen's Battery, organized at Greencastle, July 23, 1863. Captain, William W. Allen; First Lieutenant, Messer B.Welch; Second Lieutenants, William II. Allen (resigned), and John I). Allen.

1863, at Fillmore. Captain, Richard M. Hazlett; First Lieutenants, John W. Dunlavy (declined) and John E. Nicholson; Second Lieutenant, Lawrence B. Dangeriield.

The official reports credited Putnan County with 3,257 enlistments during the war. Of these, a large number were re-enlistments of men who at first volunteered for short periods; and 210 were veterans who "iad served the full term of three years and ^hen re-enlisted for the war. In all, over 2,000 different volunteers from Putnam County served the Government during the civil war. Of these, at least half are still living.

Large amounts were paid by the several townships for bounties to raise their credit to their quotas and be safe from the oft- threatened draft. Several townships also paid regular allowances to the needy families of volunteers. The amounts thus contributed were as follows: By the county, bounty, $10,000; relief, $1,025; Jackson Township, bounty, $54,265. Franklin Township, bounty, $27,960. Russell Township, bounty, $38,000; relief, $6,000. Clinton Township, bounty, $24,800. Monroe Township, bounty, $22,700; relief, $360. Floyd Township, bounty, $28,- 950; relief, $1,008. Marion Township, bounty, $40,500. Greencastle Township, bounty, $24,302; relief, $4,350. Madison Township, bounty, $23,731; relief, $82. Washington Township, bounty, $57,381. Warren Township, bounty, $21,200; relief, $300. Jefferson Township, bounty, $21,500; relief, $132.65. Cloverdale Township, bounty, $25,000. Mill Creek Township, bounty, $20,818. - All the townships, relief, $15,000. Total bounty, $441,107; total relief, $28,- 260.65; grand total, $469,367.65.

The long and cruel war being over, the patriotic people of Putnam County resolved to do something to perpetuate the memory of the brave men who had laid down their lives in defense of the National Government, son, conducted the dedicatory exercises in the An organization was effected in L865 nn- presence of several thousand people, who had der the name of the - Putnam Comity Sol- gathered to witness the ceremony, including diers' Monument Association," with Colonel : delegations from Indianapolis ' and Terra John R. Mahan as President, William D. I Haute and intervening points. Allen as Treasurer and David Jones as See- | The design of the monument is artistic and rotary. The ohject of the Association waste j beautiful. Above the foundation the pedeserect a monument at the city of Greencastle | tai rises to the height.of eight feet, a portion to the memory of the soldiers of Putnam of which is handsomely paneled, upon which County whose lives werelost in the war of the names of the deceased soldiers are inthe Rebellion, the necessary funds to be scribed; above, on the sides of the monuraised by voluntary contributions. The emi- | ment, are battle scenes beautifully sculptured, nent sculptor, Thomas I), dunes, Esq., of | Surmounting the pedestal, or main body of Cincinnati, was commissioned to prepare ap- the monument, is a life-size statue, six feet propriate plans and estimates, which were duly in height, representing an American soldier, submitted and adopted. | executed by' Mr. Jones in marble, and re-

The monument stands on the crowning l garded by accomplished art critics as the eminence of Forest Hill Cemetery, overlook- ; most successful portrayal of the gallant moling the entire city of Greencastle and. a large j unteer yet achieved in this country. The scope of surrounding country, ft was dedi- total cost of the monument was *10,(K)0, all cated on the 2d day of July, 1870, Colonel of which was raised in Putnam County Richard W. Thompson being the orator of through the energetic efforts of the officers the day. In the afternoon, Governor Conrad and members of the Association by voluntary Baker, assisted by Hon. Delana E. William- : subscription.

fpKfrjf0 more than to any other one j \/!.(-;. !'0 agency, to improved facilities' ^'c^s^^-J^k' ">' travel and communication. p- IJailroads. mails and news- | vyVw* papers liave become necessities | to mankind, though many are j now living who are older than the oldest railroad, and to whom a daily paper once seemed a useless extravagance. Even now changes are made yearly, and improve- ! meets discovered, of such moment that the] future value and function of the newspaper j cannot yet be estimated.

Types were first used to reproduce only j the Bible, and such books as were demanded ! in large numbers. Then came the periodical j and pamphlet. The reviews and magazines ] increased in number and frequency of publication, and then the weekly newspaper was established, to !>e supplemented, in time by the daily journals. At first only large cities could support papers; now it is a poor village that cannot have one or more, and a small county that has not its half do/en. One of the most important changes in the development of the country newspaper occurred from 1800 to 1870. Before the former date, home news, locals and correspondence were not considered worth printing, but the reading matter was composed of reprints from the great journals, news from Europe, proceedings of Congress, and heavy editorials on national politics. Now these are supplied by the large city papers, which are brought to every village bv those, annihiiators of distance, the railroads, and the home paper is largely filled with home news. The best county paper now is the one which gives the most space to town and county news, correspondence from every postoffice, and the proceedings of local organizations.

The Press

chaugc of name or suspension. Generally speaking, the editors have been men of intelligence and enterprise, while to-day the members of the press are considered to be far above the average in ability and scholarship.

The Hoosiee

established about 1830, by a Mr. Ohiids. In September, 1834:, Mr. Childs disposed of this pioneer paper to John W. Osborn, who continued its publication, but changed its name to i ife Jburke, but the ownership afterward re- Mr. Osborn was the editor and proprietor of j verted to Mr. Brown. In 1866 Samuel J. tills rurally named sheet until 1837, when he j Tilford bought the Banner, and on the 26th sold the establishment to Wilkins Tannahill, j of January following he sold a one-half inoriginally from Nashville, Tennessee, who teres t therein to George J. Langsdale. The kept it about two yeaj's, and then disposed of i latter gentleman became sole proprietor the it to William J. Burns. This gentleman ' following August, and is yet in active conagain changed the name, and The Plow Boy j trol. Mr

Ouekncastll Bank I R.

In 1840 Delana R. Eckels bought two columns of the Visitor, to be conducted in the interest of the Democratic party. This arrangement, however, soon became an illustration of the truth that a house divided against itself cannot stand, and the Visitor suspended.

Indiana Patriot

The Indiana Patriot, a Democratic paper, was established in 1842, by Delana K. Eckels, and placed under the immediate management of Samuel Farley. It was continued under this arrangement until the outbreak of the Mexican war, when Judge James Ilanna became editor.

The Star

The first number of the Greencastle Star, an independent paper, was published May 2, 1874, by Feltus & Arnold. F. A. Arnold purchased the interest of his partner therein, September 1, 1875, since which time he has owned the entire paper. In April, 1882, he purchased the Press from Howard Briggs, and consolidated the two papers under the name of the Star-Press. This paper was the first in the county to introduce steam power. It is Democratic in politics, and being; the official paper of Putnam County, has a wide influence in Western Indiana.

The Greeneastle- Times was founded December 1, 18.81, by A, .J. Neff, and has been published, regularly since as a .Republican paper, in size a six-column quarto. In -Jan. nary, 1884, Mr. Neff sold to A. A. Smith, the present editor and proprietor. The Timesie, published on Thursdays, at £1.25 a year,

This paper was established in April, 1884, by Howard. Briggs, and was published as a Democratic weekly until the spring of 1887, when Mr. Briggs, deeming that his party in Congress had failed to redeem its pledges by not reducing our national tariff schedules, threw off his allegiance to that party, and gave his adhesion to the Labor party, in the interest of which he now conducts his

Daily Journalism

A few years ago the Star-Press began a | daily issue, but it was soon discontinued. i The Grecneastle Daily News was cstab- I fished by Ed. and Hugh Marsh about the ! middle of October, 1886. Early in 1SS7 I Ed. S, Sheridan became proprietor, and

A newspaper called The Bee was established January 1, 1877, by W. B. Harris. Its publication continued one year. / Lyman N angle established The Local I tew, April | 12, 1878, and .January 1, L8S7, William E. Nanglo started the Cloverdale Herald.

Courts And Dak

fliL following statement I for jurors, comprise all the business shown [i^;; i \ of first court proceedings, ' by the record to have been transacted at that

^IfP^ huM ',uno :!' 1S~2, ',a('"1, ralL ' ;,t rhc liOUSC or' James Athey (at or near the wlr presiding judge, signing the forks of Eel River), on Monday, the second jplf record of that date. Commission \ day of September. L822, in and for the CounjjW of said j ml ge was spread of record, ty of Putnam." The same judges were f§^l§* <!atet1 at ^-orydon, March 7, L822, \ present rs at the former session. The grand ^v^lT " fche sixth year of the State, and j jury was impaneled and sworn. Of their <* of the United States the forty- j names, only the following are legible: Hensixth." The commission was signed by jamin Bell (foreman), - McCoy, Abraham Jonathan Jennings, Governor, and counter- i Lewis. Matthew Cole. Richard Moore. Henry signed by K. A. New. Also the commissions j Williams, Ephraim Dukes. Joseph Thomas, and oaths of George Kirkpatrick and Prune!! I William Dole, Chance, Luke Dyer. Sr.,

Chance, associate judges, were spread of Isaac Anderson and John Stagg. (Joseph record. An order for a seal for the court, Wells, now of Madison Township, is said also and that the clerk, at least thirty days prior j to have been upon this jury.) On motion of to the next term, issue a venire for eighteen j S. Judah, Thomas 11. I Make and -lames Farqualified grand jurors, and for the. same nun;- ! rlngton, Esquires, were admitted and sworn ber of petit jurors, is also entered. The place I as attorneys and counselors at law of this of holding court is not stated. court.

Spreading commissions and oaths of judges The record of the first jury trial is signed of record, and orders for court seal and venires June 3, 1823, in the case of John Hamilton against William M. Blair and others. The plaintiff was represented by Thomas II. Blake, and the defendant by Charles Deweese, Esq., their respective counsel. The following are the names of the jurors, one being illegible: Abraham Lewis, JN'oble J. Myers, David Hurst, John Rowley, Benjamin Bell, Richard Moore, David McCoy, Elisha Mullinix, Isaac Matkins, William Craig and Israel Linders.

James A they was allowed £12 for the use of his house for the court, twelve days; Robert Cunningham, S2 for furnishing a room for the grand jury two days, and als«» allowed £2 for two days' service as bailiff; and Justin Goodrich allowed si for his attendance as bailiff. At the close of the term, it was ordered. ''That this Court adjourn until court in course, to meet at the house of Isaiah Wright, ;it the next term." This record is signed, -.June 3, 1828," by J. Call as judge.

The next intelligible record presents the following: "At a Circuit (Court) met and held in the town of Greencastle. on the fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty live, present the lion. John Siglerand John Smith, associate judges.'* u The Court beingopened," the sheriff (William W. Mcintosh) "returned the panel of grand jurors*" as follows: John Johnston, Llias Bridgwaters, Abraham Lewis, Solomon Coffraan, Arthur Conley, Alexander Johnston, Thomas Chadd, James W. Crawford, Thomas Johnston, Andrew Mc- Mains, Scady Chandler, George Goodman, Matthew Cole, Beasley Skers and Samuel Chadd. John Johnston was appointed foreman.

Upon trial of an indictment against, Silas G. Weeks, for selling spirituous liquors, the following (second) petit jury was impaneled: Ephraim Dukes, David Deweese, Richard Breeden, Thomas Deweese, George Eiiott, Elisha Mullinix, Elias Gilder, Justus George,

After the opening, it is shown that " the Hon. John R. Porter, Presiding Judge, apj peared and took his seat, and by him the ! record is signed, May 6, 1825. Court adi journed "until court in course." The county i was then, as for some years following, in- I eluded in the First Judicial Circuit.

The October term next following is the I first shown to have been held "at the court I house in Greencastle," the same judges prej siding, and Hon. John Law, prosecuting i attorney.

The following order appears upon the recj ord of this term: "Ordered by the Court j that the following space of land be and the | same is hereby laid off and designated by the following' metes and bounds, around the term, 1850, was held by Hon. Samuel I), county jail, as. and to be called and termed, Gookins, under temporary appointment to fill prison bounds for said county, to wit: Begin- vacancy, with Uobert N. Allen and William ning at the northwest corner of the town of G. Duckworth as associate?. Greencastle, in said county, thence south to The May term, 1851, was held by the Hon. Poplar street, in said town, thence cast to Delana It. Eckels, who had been elected in Water street, thence north to the northern the winter of 1851, by the Legislature, and boundary of said town to Liberty street, j commissioned as judge for seven years'* from thence west to the place of beginning; such and after the session of the General Assembonnds to include the space covered by the bly " of that year, Judges Allen and Duckseveral roads or streets so bounding such worth were stili associates. After this term, space as aforesaid/' John Cowgill was ap- the office of associate judge was abolished by pointed master in chancery for the county, the State.

Judge Law having resigned, Hon. Geo. I In April, 1^53. the Hon. James Hughes W. Johnston was appointed in his stead, and j came upon the bench as judge of the Sixth held the October term of the court, 1831. Judicial Circuit, the State having been redis-

At the April term. 1832, the Hon. Amorv trieted for judicial purposes, and elections Kinney presented his commission as judge, held for the several districts, to fill said vacancy, and held the term with Judge Hughes having resigned before the the same last-named associate judges. Judge expiration of his term (of six years, terms Kinney continued to preside up to the Octo- j previously having occupied seven years), [Jon. her term, 1830. inclusive, James Rankin ap- James ML Hanna tilled the vacancy, under pearing as associate judge at the said last appointment, at the March term. LS56, siteterm instead of Judge Deweese, with Will- ceeded by the Hon. Ambrose 15. Carle ton at iam Elrod co-associate. the September term. 1850.

Elisha M. Huntington, win; continued as Ilanim under regular election as judge, aspresiding judge until the April term, 1S41, sisted by the Hon. Stephen Major, appointed inclusive. to try causes in which the regular judge was

The Hon. William P. Bryant occupied the . incompetent to preside, bench at the October term. 1841, with the The October term of the same year was last-named associates, and continued in office also held by Judge Hanna. until the October term, 1843, inclusive, when | Judge Hanna having resigned, the Hon. George Pearcy and Moses T. Bridges appeared ! Solomon Claypool was appointed to rill the as his associates. j vacancy, and presided as judge under said

The bench was resumed at the April term, | appointment and succeeding election, until 1844, by Judge Law, under commission run- ; the October term, 1N64, inclusive, ning for the term of seven years from Jan u- At the April term, 1865, Judge Eckels ary 25, 1844, and continued to preside until again came upon the bench, and continued to the November term, 1849, inclusive. Robert preside until the October term, 1870, inclu- \. Allen in the meantime having come upon sive, when he was succeeded by the Hon. the bench as associate, vice J udge Pearcy. William M. Franklin, who occupied the close of tin- year L872, and was succeeded by : pleas judge, presided until the close of the the Hon. Solon Tunnan, who served nearly ; year 1800. The lion. Frederick T. Brown two whole terms. Judge Eckels was ap- | was his successor, who presided up to the pointed in November, 1880, as a special j close of the June term, 1864. The next in judoe to finish that terra, which Judge Tnr- I office was the Hon. William M. Franklin, man was unable to compute, in February | who held from the November term, 18G4, to following the hitler presided for the last the June term, 1868, inclusive. From Oetotime. Hon. Silas 1). Coffey was appointed | ber, 1868, to February, 1873, the Hon. ilarin March. L881, and elected to the same | rison Burns presided as judge. After the position in November, 1882. He is still 1 last-named date the Court of Common Pleas judge of the Thirteenth Judicial Circuit, in- I was abolished by the statute, and the busicluding the counties of Putnam and Clay. | ness thereof was transferred to the Putnam Four regular terms of court are held an- j Circuit Court, nnally, in February, April, September and November. Fnch term Is limited to five

The first term ol the Probate Court proper ;i certain percentage of our brightest minds (that cJa.-s of business having been previously into its ranks. It is now rather more crowded transacted by the associate judges) appears to j than the other avocations, but this is in have been ** convened and held" on the 7th | itself a proof of the advantages it offers. Of day of September. 1829, the Hon. Joseph F. late years it has become curiously common Farley presiding as "sole judge," and con- for people to disparage lawyers, applying tinning as such to the end of the year 1830, every sort of epithet, and making them thv. succeeded by the Hon. John Cowgill, who excuses for hundreds of jokes and stories; held the office, under appointment by Gov- yet these same citizens who profess to have a ernor Ray, until July S, 1831, when he was contempt for lawyers will, when in any kind succeeded by the lion. George F. Waterman, of difficulty, run promptly to one of the prounder regular ejection and commission as fession, place themselves and their property probate ]}ul^e for the county, running for a : entirely in his guidance, and eagerly follow term of "seven years from the 19th day of j his suggestions in the weightiest affairs, August, 1881. Judge Waterman continued j Putnam County has been the residence of upon the bench until August 13, 1842, when ! a long roll of attorneys. Thee have been as he was succeeded in office by the Hon. Reese j a rule able, well-read, conscientious and Hardesty, Judge Hardesty continued to j painstaking men, and a number would be in preside until August 19, 1843. He was then | any city reckoned as brilliant. At the pressucceeded by the Hon. William Lee. who | ent time, as well as in the past, the county held the office until May 16, 1846. The next may be truthfully considered surprisingly and last of the probate judges was the Hon. ' free from "shysters." One testimony to Robert Glideweil, who held office until the ! their ability is the t'act that attorneys are sel- now with the " silent majority," are believed to be all mentioned in this list: Robert Glidewell, Joseph F. Farley, Henry Secrest, Edward W. McGaughey (member of Congress), George L. Waterman (circuit judge), John Cowgill (common pleas judge), "William A. McKenzie, John A. Matson (father of Hon. C. C, Matson, present member of Congress from this district), Russell L. Hathaway, James M. Elanna (Judge of the Supreme Court), Chilton A. Darnall, Columbus D. Sellers, John C. Turk, John Hanna (member of Congress, resided in Indianapolis at time of death), Robert M. Crane, Milton A. Osborn (member of the General Assembly), Justice II. Bachelder (mayor of Greencastle), John Stan- (of Cambridge), and Gustavus II. Yoss.

Judge Delana R. Eckels is yet living at Greencastle, retired, as is also John S. Jennings. Frederick T. Brown, once judge of the court of common pleas, is retired and living in the country. Lucius P. Chapin was a partner of Judge CI ay pool, and has been mayor of Greencastle. He is now in the grocery business. Jesse W . Wick is similarly engage!

These attorneys have removed: Oliver II. P. Ash, Solomon Claypool (for many years circuit judge, and now a resident of Indianapolis), Henry W. Daniels (now in the employ of the Aandalia Railroad Company, at p&a^ educator and statesman p said: "That people which rJkf Uas tne 'Jest books and. the ^^-H^S-'ii^ hest schools is the best people; if it is not so to-day, it will be so to-morrow." These words, deserve to become a household ([notation the world over, for no more potent nor expressive truth was ever uttered. Of course, all progress and education are not derived from the study of hooks, and, as Hosea Ballou has said, " Education commences at the mother's knee, and every word spoken within the hearing of little children tends toward the formation of character, but at the same time no other one agency is so powerful as the common school in developing a nation of self-governing people.

The citizens of Putnam County feel a just pride in their progress in educational methods, which have fully kept pace with the advancement in wealth and the development of material resources. As soon as the county was sufficiently settled t-> enable any neighborhood to open a school, a sell oql-ho use was provided, and the services of a teacher secured. Often a room of a private house was occupied, and sometimes the deserted cabin of a squatter became a temporary school-room, in which the old-time masters, who worked on the tuition plan, flourished the rod and taught the rudiments of reading, writing and arithmetic. The first schoolhouses built were structures of the rudest kind, such as no pioneer would be content to occupy as a dwelling. Built of logs, with floors and benches of puncheons, with a huge fire-place and astick-and-mud chimney, they were little calculated for comfort or convenience. Window-glass was too expensive an article to be used in the construction of a school-house, and therefore greased paper was substituted for it. The writing desk was a notable feature in every school-room. It generally extended across one end or one side of the room, and wa.s made of a slab, held in its place by wooden pins. For architectural effect, probably, certainly not for convenience, it was fastened high up on the wall, and the pupil, in order to use it, must climb upon a high wooden bench and sit there without a support for his back or his feet.

Of the qualifications of the teachers of those days, the less said the better. Many were accounted good teachers who, in these days, would be unable to secure a certificate even of the third grade. Yet the most of them put to the best use the little talent and less training they had, and succeeded in planting good seed in the minds of their pupils. Some of the best minds this county has produced were those of men whose -whole school education was received in the log school-houses of pioneer days.

The progress of education here is only a miniature reproduction of what has taken place more slowly among all civilized nations. In recent years improved methods of mental culture have aided the teachers in securing better results. The primary object of educating children is not that they may escape labor thereby, but that they may labor more intelligently. Children should be taught that employment leads to happiness, indolence to misery, and that all trades and professions whereby an honest livelihood is obtained are honorable. Right living is the end to be achieved, and it is the workers that do the most good in the world. The man who constantly and intelligently thinks is above temptation. The women who honorably labor in the various trades arc to be preferred and honored above those who sit with folded hands. It is education that makes duty more apparent, lessens toil and sweetens life. It is by true education that the moral responsibilities of the human family are better understood.

in the school-room. The child's character and capacity are better understood now than in the pioneer days. The rod is laid aside, and children are no longer forced, under the lash, to order and apparent studiousness. Fretful and cruel teachers are giving way to those who love children, and again will mankind draw nearer to the millennium through the iuHuence of the law of love. In this age better attention is paid to the hygiene and ventilation of the school-room. Houses are lighted, aired and warmed in a rational manner. Since the introduction of the "automatic" school desks there need be no more disagreeable seating in our school-room. The inventor of this desk will have a reward in the blessings of the countless thousands of healthy men and women who, in this generation, as children, are comfortably seated in many of our best schools.

Xew and better studies have been added to the course of study in our common schools within the last decade. Now, the child is taught to apply what he learns, directing his course of study in the line of his mental activity, cultivating the good and restraining the evil propensities. The time was, not far back, when only a limited knowledge of " reading, 'riting and 'rithmetic," could be acquired in the common schools. The highest aim of the youth of the pioneer days was to write a fair hand, spell orally, and solve mathematical puzzles. This age is moving in a better educational sphere. The change was, ( »f course, gradual, [t was a long struggle of ignorance and bigotry against education, in which the latter has been crowned the victor. But few teachers cling to the old theory. Little by little they are growing away from the old system. A few teachers who do not improve are yet votaries at the shrine of their idols the birch, the duncecap and other old-fashioned methods. But,

" Too weak the sacred shrine to guard,'' they must soon yield to the new education, and enter the conflict against error and for a better educational life.

In thi.s struggle for better methods opiriions, covered with age and honors, have been marched off the stage of human action and supplanted by facts and principles which have cost years of toil to discover, and more years to establish; To the close student and observer this theory is new only in its application to our schools. It is the normal or natural method. This is the theory of education that antecedes all others. The ancients taught by objects, when but few of the most wealthy men of that day could afford books. In fact, text-book knowledge is a new thing to the world. The first teachers gave instruction orally. They were, by the force of circumstances, independent of text-books. To this excellent plan has been added the writ- | ten method. Then, it was principally by observation that the pupils received instruction. V>y placing the objects before the j pupils the teacher could easily reach their minds by his lecture. In this age black- j boards, spelling-tablets, slates, charts and other school apparatus is in general use in our best schools. In the schools of to-day, I it is through the eye that a mental picture is j formed from the printed page which children I draw upon paper or boards from the ends of ! their lingers. Well-qualified teachers do not think of depending upon text-books at their recitations, but rather imitate the ancient normal methods. In order to meet the de- j mand for better-qualified teachers, normal i training schools have been established in this j and other States. The teachers' institute is also an outgrowth of the demand for teachers j of a higher standard. Now, true education is admitted to be the drawing-out and developing of that which the child already possesses,

There is perhaps no question which can so deeply interest the people of a county as that of obtaining teachers <A' known and tried ability. In the period of the early settlement of this county almost anyone could teach. That time, with all oi' its rude school appliances, has rolled away. The claims of to-day can no longer be met by appliances of even a decade ago, for experience is beginnig to show that teaching, like every other department of human thought and activity, must change with the onward movements of society, or fall in the rear of civilization and become and obstacle to improvement. The educational problem of to-day is to obtain useful knowledge - to secure the practical part of education before the ornamental, and that in the shortest time. In truth, a free nation's safety is wrapped in the intelligence of its citizens. Only an educated people can long sustain a free republic, therefore, it is the duty of the State to educate, that her free institutions may stand through all ages as sacred and endeared monuments of the enlightened people.

Education sweetens and hedges in the family circle and drives away frivolity and gossip from a community, protecting the members from the inroads of vice and immorality. It is the strong bulwark of education that binds the nation of 56,Q00j00G people together for advancement that she may shine in the near future the brightest star in the constellation of governments. Rapid strides have been made in education within the last half century, but the field of improvement is yet boundless, and the work of education must still go on, and make perhaps greater changes than those from the time when

Educational

From the best data that can be had at this day it may be stated that the first schoolhouse in the county was erected seven miles south and a little west of Greencastle, in the fall of 1823. It was of the pattern common in those days. Buildings for such purposes were then rude in the extreme, and it would be a matter of interest to record a description of one had they not already been described so frequently by those who attended them. L),r. John Slavens, Bryee \\T. Miller, Alfred Burton, Thomas Dodge, John Evans and James Robinson are named by old citizens. as among the early school-teachers of the county.

A condensed statement of the condition of the schools of the county at the present time will serve as a fitting close to this article, and show at a glance the progress that has been made. The figures are taken from the last published report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction of Indiana.

The amount of* the common school fund belonging to the State and held by Putnam County was $44,622.63 on dune 1, 1*86, and had increased §1,299.20 during the preceding year through fines and forfeitures paid into the Circuit Court and to justices. The Congressional township school fund held by the county amounts to s25.5ls.52, and is seldom increased, the only possible source of accretion being from the sale of land.

j twenty-one years, 3,962 white males; 3,552 white females; 98 colored males, and 79 i colored females; total, 7,691. The children i between ten and twenty-one who could not I read or write were in number but 26. The ! enrollment in the public schools during the

The Indiana Asbury University was ciiar- { tered by the Legislature in 1837, under the patronage of the Indiana Annual Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, in order that that church might share and bear a part in the education of the coming generations. The charter was as liberal, and guarantee* 1 freedom from sectarianism as fully as any State institution, using the following language: Indiana Asbury University shall be founded and maintained forever upon a plan the m<»st suitable for the benefit of the youth i of every class of onrcitizens and every religious denomination, who shall be freely ad- , mitted to equal advantages and privileges of* - education, and to all the literary honor.- of J said university, according to their merit." The enterprise of a few citizens of Greencastle and of Putnam County secured the ! location, and the result has demonstrated their wise foresight. The students and faculty have expended not less than $50,000 annually in the city and county, aggregating in the last fifty years not less than $2,500,000, This money has gone into the hands of every one who had anything to sell or anything to do. Besides this, many men of large means have been induced to locate here, adding materially to the sum of wealth and enterprise.

The preparatory department was opened I June 5, 1837, under Cyrus Nutt, A. B., with an attendance of six students. The school was then without building or endowment.

The corner-stone of the first edifice was laid on the 20th of the same month, with imposing ceremonies and an address by Rev. Henry D. Bascom, I). IX, of Kentucky. Nearly two years later. March, 1839, the first faculty' was constituted: Rev. M. Simpson, D. I)., President and Professor of Mathematics; Rev. Cyrus Nntt, A. M., Professor of Ancient Languages: Rev. J. Weakley, A. M., Principal of the Preparatory Department; and John Wheeler, Tutor in Languages. Thus, this enterprise, which was to live and grow for generations, to shed light and Christian truth upon the world, took its place among the educational institutions of the State to aid in the elevation and culture of the people. Upon it was centered the earnest attention and devout prayers of the church, and the gifts of the people, small, but liberal in proportion to their wealth, flowed in to erect the building and support the faculty. November 1, 1848, the Indiana Central Medical College was established at Indianapolis, with a full faculty, as a department of the university. The Law School was organized in the fall of 1853. Both these departments were afterward discontinued.

endowment fund, by soliciting gifts and by the sale of scholarships. A perpetual scholarship, upon which the purchaser or his descendants could send a student perpetually without tuition, was placed upon the market at the sum of 8500. In 1841 the cost of perpetual scholarships was reduced to $100. In 1875 tuition was made free in all departments. In June, 1877, ladies had been admitted on equal terms with gentlemen. Asbury being one of the first institutions of like grade in the West to accord equal university privileges to females.

A military department was organized in 1876 by Capt. C. W. Smith and Major John L. McMasters, and in the following year Captain I). D. W heeler, TJ. S. A., was detailed by the War Department as Professor of Military Science and Tactics. The physical culture and drill of the regular service, as carried out here, both promote health and qualify young men for command who could understandingly organize for the protection of property against strikes and riots.

Marked success and great usefulness characterized the history of the university, and the management has been such as to win approbation and encomiums from both patrons and the public. The name of Asbury University became known to all friends of education throughout the land, and during the latter years of its existence under that name, the attendance was from 400 to 500. Nearly seventy-five of Asbnry's alumni have been called to fill presidential and professional chairs in colleges located in fifteen States of the Union; county superintendents, principals of high schools and academies, teachers in great numbers, members of the United States Senate, the Lower House of Congress, State Legislatures, missionaries to Turkey, China, India, Japan and South America; active, useful and honored citizens in all the avocations of life, Lave gone from her halls, and have contributed their culture, independence of thought and educational skill to denefit our State, and the nation as well, and to carry and illustrate and reflect our civilization and the Gospel of Christ to distant barbarous climes.

With this gratifying record made under the old name, and with limited financial resources, the friends of the university are most sanguine as to the future history of the institution, which has entered upon a new period of its history, under advantages that m:ty easily make it one of the leading universities of the United States. In 1883 Washington C. De Pauw, a wealthy and philanthropic citizen of Xew Albany, Indiana, made the most liberal oilers of financial assistance to the university, conditioned partly on the raising of specified sums by the four Indiana conferences and the city of Greencastle (the hitter's share being §60,000), and also made provision by will for the donation to the endowment fund of the institution of a large portion of his property, he being a millionaire several times over. In partial recognition of this munificence, the name of " De Pauw University " was adopted, and this it will bear during its future existence. Mr.

De Pauw also, as president of the board of trustees and visitors, has during the last few years aided the university by his advice and sound business sagacity, which might have continued to serve the institution for many years longer, had his life not been suddenly cut short, in May, 1887, while on a visit to Chicago.

Though the new order of things is but just begun, four large and commodious new structures have been added to the university's group of buildings, besides the enlargement and improvement of others; 140 acres of land has been added to the campus: and while the Asbury College of Liberal Arts has been made more efficient than ever, it has been surrounded with the several schools of theology, law, music, line arts, normal instruction, etc., which constitute a university in fact as well as in name, and all advanced to the very front rank among the educational institutions of the great West.

During the year 18S5-'86 the total attendance was 813, of whom sixty-nine graduated in 1886. There were over forty members of the faculty during the fame year. Alexander Martin, I). D., LL. D., is president of the university.

Agricultural

NOTHING adds so much to the prosperity of a county as its agriculture. Man- [factures and mineral resources are desirable, but where they are the !frt^5§> mam dependence there flP^ of a few large land-owners; all jj,^ are comfortably situated, and all tr enjoy educational and social advantages. Putnam is destined to remain an agricultural county, and it is best so. As a farming region it ranks among the best in the State. Possessing the advantages of a good climate, a soil of inexhaustible fertility, close proximity to the markets of Chicago, Indianapolis and other cities, and excellent railroad facilities, the county has already attained a degree of agricultural development such as is seldom found in a country comparatively new. Its wealth and prosperity are steadily and rapidly increasing. When we consider that but two generations ago the red men were the owners of this region which now supports one of the most flourishing communities in the United States, we may well be astonished at the wonderful results which time and an intelligent industry have wrought. In many sections of our country lands which have been occupied by white inhabitants twice and thrice as long, exhibit not one-half of the improvements and substantial evidences of real prosperty that Put- ! nam County can show. Nature did much for this region, and a thrifty and progressive people have admirably co-operated with her efforts. Farms, buildings and improvements of every kind are of unusual excellence in this county. Numerous towns and villages scattered over the comity furnish abundant and convenient trading points and home markets, while unexcelled educational and religious advantages mate the homes of this county as desirable as those of any other locality in the State.

The Putnam County farmers began at a very early day to improve the quality of their live-stock, giving especial attention to the breeding of cattle for the beef market. Many of the pioneers came from counties in Kentucky, which had then made considerable advancement in that business. Colonel A. S. Farrow and Roach Fralces were among the earliest to introduce tine cattle into the county for breeding purposes. Colonel Farrow was also one of the foremost breeders of horses, and owned the first jack in the county. In 1845 Dr. A. G. Stevenson bought some thoroughbred cattle, the first in the county, from Mr. Owen, and in 1853 he imported three direct from England.

The first fair for the exhibition of stock was held on the 7th day of September, 1837, on the ground occupied by the Presbyterian church recently destroyed by fire. It was but little more than a show of live-stock, held on the open ground, and without fees. A committee passed judgment on the merits of animals exhibited, but no premiums were paid. The horse owned by Colonel A. S. Farrow was adjudged the best in that department, but the other winners on that day cannot now be remembered.

In the year 183S or 1839, another fair was held on an open lot, near the present site of the university buildings. At this exhibition a bull called Tecumseh, owned by Anderson V>. Matthews, took the premium in that class.

The Putnam County Agricultural Society was organized about the year 1852, and continued to hold annual fairs for the exhibition of all kinds of stock, produce and manufactures, from 1853 to 1862. From the latter date until 1868 there Mere no fairs held by the society, owing to the unsettled state of the country occasioned by the civil war. The J society was then reorganized, and immedii ately fitted up grounds on the farm of Hon. i John A. Matson, east of the Bloomington i road, a short distance south of the Terre { Haute & Indianapolis Railroad depot, where j it continued to hold its annual fairs until its | removal to new grounds, east of the city of 1 Greencastle, in the fall of 1877. These grounds were leased of Andrew Lockridge. Fairs were held in 1878 and '7i>. and the society then became dormant. It still keeps up its organization, and will doubtless secure grounds and hold fairs again. The present officers are: 1>. F. Coleman, President; Heujamin F. Carver, Vice-President; Thomas E. Talbott, Treasurer, and W. S. Cox, Secretary.

The last published agricultural statistics are for 1884. In that year 41,163 acres - nearly two townships in area - were planted with wheat, and nearly as much, 39,985 acres, were devoted to corn. The production of these two staples was: wheat, 407,407 bushels; corn, 1,159,950 bushels. The oat acreage was 6,062; crop, 165,935 bushels.

Timothy was raised on 22,280 acres, nearly a whole township, and the product was 35,499 tons. A lso, 1 1,549 acres were planted to clover, and 19,328 tons of hay was the reward.

There were 1,718 stands of bees, producing 21,573 pounds of honey. The number of eo-n's reported was 328,646 dozen. Sorghum molasses to the amount oi 10,384 gallons was produced, and 11,538 gallons of maple molasses, besides 580 pounds of sorghum sugar and 3.711 pounds of maple sugar. Of dairy products there were 1,579.007 gallons of milk and 324,307 pounds of butter; while of cider, wine and vinegar there were 13,027 gallons, 50 gallons and 3,372 gallons, respectively. The wool clip amounted to 68,051 pounds.

There were 57,648 bearing apple trees, and 27,101 under age; 11,812 bearing peach trees, and 14,285 underage; 2,038 pear trees, and 1.751 under age; 172 quince trees, and 207 non-bearing; 4,535 bearing cherry trees, and 3,257 non-bearing; 191 bearing Siberian crab-apple trees, and 104 non-bearing; 5.70(5 bearing grape vines, and 5,2(50 non-bearing.

Rapid development of a new country is only possible through a system of railroads, affording speedy, regular, safe and economical transportation. To fully open up a district like Illinois, Indiana or Kentucky, a whole generation was required. Xow, by the aid of railroads, the vast Territory of Dakota has within live years received a half million of inhabitants, and is ready to be converted into two new States - Dakota and Pembina - stars No. 39 and 40 in our Federal constellation. By the same agency Asia, Australia, South America and Africa are being rapidly civilized and developed. In short, the known world is being wonderfully enlarged. But for the iron horse Africa must remain the " dark continent " for countless generations. In view of present developments, it is to be the land of promise for emigrants in the twentieth century.

In the early days of the county the farmers suffered greatly for lack of markets for their products. The best points at which they could dispose of their surplus grain were Madison and Lawrenceburg, on the Ohio, and La Fayette, on the Wabash River. In ihose days, too, they drove their fat hogs or. foot to Cincinnati, or to the ports on the lakes. Under such conditions no one had any idea of the future prosperity of the comity.

Terre Haute cfc Indianapolis Railroad. - But a day of change came - the day of railroads and steam transportation. One of the first railroads in the State was that from Indianapolis to Terre Haute. This road was completed and opened for business early in the year 1852. The last rail on this road was laid on a Sunday morning, about midway between Greencastle and Fillmore. The Terre Haute & Indianapolis Railroad has in Putnam County 21.13 miles of main track, assessed at $13,000 per mile, or $274,690; 7.17 miles of side track, assessed at $2,500 per mile, or $17,925. Rolling stock is assessed at $5,000 per mile of main track, or $105,050; improvements on right of way are assessed at $1,752. Total assessed valuation of road in this county, $400,017; taxes paid to county, $3,744.62.

Greencastle, "I [amriek and Reelsville. The j has in the county 17.2s miles of main track, townships crossed, with mileage in each, are assessed at §5,000 p. r mile, or §80,400, and as follows: Marion, 6.04: Greencastle, G.69; | 1.49 miles of side track, assessed at £2 000 Warren. 1.33: Washington, 7.10. This road or §2,980. Rolling stock is assessed at *!.- forms part of, an- is generally spoken of as 300 per mile, or $22,404. and improvements the « Vandalia Line." j on right of way at 80go. SQ thftt fche ^

Louisville, JS/ew Albany d? Chicago Rail- j assessment within the county is §112,491, on road. - This road vas built in 1S53 from ' which §1,080.50 taxes are paid. New Albany to Michigan City. It has in The only stations in Putnam County are

Putnam County 32.21 miles of main track, Roachdale and Russell ville. The townships assessed at §5,000 per mile, or §161,050; crossed, and mileage in each, are: Jackson, 5.22 miles of side track, assessed at §2,000 per 5.62; Franklin, 5.65; Russell n He, 6.01. mile, or §10,4-10. The rolling stock is assessed at §1,500 per mile, or §48,315, and the summakv. improvements on right of way at §1,935: total assessment of the road in the county, Altogether these four railroads have in the §221,740: and it pays §2,151.40 in taxes. C0llllty N9.99 miles of main track, assessed at Tins railroad has in the county the stations 8686,785, and 17.14 miles of side track, asof Roachdale, Bainbridge, Greencastle, Green- sessed at §37,805. The rolling stock is ascastle Junction, Putnamville and Cloverdale. sesS(x5 :lfc §220,980, and improvements on The townships crossed, and mileage in each, r''»ut ot" way, §5,807. Total valuation, are: Franklin, 6.06; Monroe, 0.2S; Green- §95M''7; taxes, from §8,000 to §10,000 castle, 7.49: Warren, 6.54; Cloverdale, 5.84. a»»«ally.

through the central portion of the county, It is a matter of necessity that a county east and west, nearly parallel to the Vandalia should have buildings suitable for the trans- Line, and was completed duly 11, 1870. It action of public business, the administration has in Putnam County 19.37 miles ol' main of justice, the preservation of records and for track, assessed at §8.500 per mile, or §164,- many other purposes. The courts of the 645, and 3.20 miles of side track, assessed at county were at first held at private houses, §2,000 per mile, or §0,520. Rolling stock and afterward, as stated by old citizens, at the is assessed at §2,300 nor mile, or §44,551, Methodist church in Greencastle. The first and improvements on right of way at §1,530: court-house was a two-story frame building, total assessment in this county, §217,240, on erected in 1827 and 1828, by Amos Robertwhich it pays §2,078.35 taxes. son. under the supervision of Arthur

The stations in Putnam County are Green- McGaughey, clerk and recorder of the county. castle and Oakalla. The townships crossed. This building remained in use until 1832 and mileage in each, are: Floyd, 2.17: Ma- when a. single-story, hip-roofed brick house Hon, 4; Greencastle, 0.77; Madison, 6.43. was erected in its 'stead, which continued in

Indianapolis, Decatur & Springfield Rail- use until the erection of the present edifice. road. - This road skirts the county on Us On Monday. March 2, 1846, in the Board northern border, and was built in 1873. it | of County Commissioners, with Anderson R.

"Resolved, That it is the duty of this Board to take some preparatory steps toward the erection of a sufficient court-house for the transaction of the public business and the convenience of the people of Putnam County."

The ayes and noes being called on this resolution, resulted as follows: Ayes - James Athey, Lloyd B. Harris, Thomas Shipman, Thomas Morris, William McKinley, John 8. Jennings, William W. Berry, John Miller, Samuel Adams, Caleb B. Osborn, James Johnson, Joseph Albin, Stacy R. Youngman, Dillard C. Donnohue, James L. Boyd, James B. Wilson and John Leaton - 17. Noes - John M. Pureell, Curran E. Swift, David Barnes, Isaac Hurst, Quinton Van Dyke, Robert Case, William Perkins, William Sanders, Thomas Miller and Sylvester W. Perry - 10.

At the same meeting the Board appointed John K. Dawson, John Reel, Francis Dunlavy, William Arnold and Norval F. Kennedy a committee to prepare plans and receive bids for material and for the erection of a courthouse. This committee reported and were discharged on June 2, 1846, without having completed the business assigned them, and the work went over to the September term.

At the September term Elisha Braman was appointed to prepare a draft of a building, to be submitted to the auditor, who should give public notice that bids for the erection of the same would be received on the second day of the December term. On Tuesday, December 8, 1846, a committee appointed on the previous day to examine plans and specifications, reported in favor of the plan presented by Mr. Braman, and on the following day a contract for bnilding was awarded to Elisha Adamsou, at the sum of $8,500. It was finished and accepted in 1848, and the builder was allowed $225.25 for extras. At the time the contract was let the old house was sold for the sum of 8151, to William S. Collier, who was ordered to remove it from the ground before the first day of June following, that the erection of the new building might begin at that date. A new courthouse is needed and will be built in a few years.

The first jail, a log one, was built in the ! year 1823. A brick building for the same j purpose was erected in 1830, which continued i in use until 1863, when one was built at a J cost of §12,000. The new jail was built in I 1878.

On the 5th day of January, 1836, the Board of County Commissioners bought of Henry Batterton a farm to be used as an asylum for the poor of the county, allowing him therefor the sum of $720. This land was entered by Mr. Batterton October 14, 1825. Suitable buildings were constructed on the poor-farm during the summer after its purchase. The present edifice was erected in the year 1845.

Population

The county nearly attained its growth in population before 1860. By the census of that year there were 20,681 inhabitants. In 1870 there were 21,518, and in 1880, 22,501. The population by townships in 1880 was:

-^-^r^^^l^IlE (Jcend Assembly r^^^&lfmi of Indiana, at the same session wmen organized the county, appointed Jacob Lowe, !|^'rf^^^^r|Fij of Muiiroc County, Daniel Anderson, of Owen County, and Judge Colman, of Vermillion County, commissioners to locate and name the seat of justice for Put- j |b nam County. After consid- I r< ', . i^5/> ; di'V.y. (>(-(>, isimicl by the examination of several '' ^Wlf'Y^ rival places, pointed out by person^ residing in different parts of the county, each anxious to secure | the location of the county seat in his own neighborhood, the present site of Greencastle | was selected and established as the capital j and seat of justice for the county.

That part <»!' the city which lies between Locust mid Indiana streets was granted by Ephraim Dukes, having been entered by him January 25, 1821, and was deeded by him to Amos Robertson, agent for Putnam County, on the 27th day of September, 1823. in consideration of the location of the county seat at that place.