Rush County, Indiana - Chapter 8: By John' Arnold, M. D, 1888 (part 1 of 5)

Chapter 8: By John' Arnold, M. D

Towns - Rushville, Its Founding and First Settlers - Public Buildings - Sale of Lots - Sites of the Early Houses - First Business Ventures - Plats and Additions - Mills - Railroads - Incorporation - Public Improvements - The Press - Banks - Loan Associations - Secret Societies - Present Business Interests - Carthage - - Milroy - Manilla - Arlington - New Salem - Glenwood - Falmouth - Raleigh and Others.

^OUBTLESS the people of to-da}' would like to know something of the founding of the present flourishing City of Rushville, sixty-tlve years ago. Located in the midst of an unbroken forest, it required brave y^heai'ts and industrious hands to undertake to build up town. But the men were found able and willing to undertake it and succeed in spite of all difficulties in 'their waj-. Amaziah Morgan, Jehu Perkins and John Julian, the first Commissioners of Rush County, met at the house of Jehu Perkins on the ist of April, 1822, organized as a Board, and at once entered on their multiform duties. At a called meeting held on the 17th of June, 1822, they received and approved the report of the Commissioners, Train Caldwell, Robert Luce, Samuel Jack and James Delaney, who had been appointed to locate the county seat. The next day, the i8th, they appointed Conrad Sailors agent" to la}' out the town, which was to consist of not less than 150, nor more than 200 lots, with a c'entral square, of a size sufficient for the public buildings that would be required. Dr. W. B. Laughlin had donated twenty-five acres, and Zachariah Hodges forty-five, to the county, to secure the location. Dr. W. B. Laughlin was a member of the Legislature when the countv was set off, and had given it the name in honor of his preceptor, the illustrious Dr. Benjamin Rush, of Philadelphia. Actuated by the same tender remembrance, he named the town. The 29th day of July was appointed for the public sale of lots. A number of lots were sold on that day, and soon the crash of falling trees was heard, and the smoke and flame of burning log-heaps was seen, as the clearing went on. Then the building of cabins speedil}' fol- lowed, and Rushville was begun. Next the public square and the principal streets were cleared though ungraded and full of stumps. In 1822 a jail was built, and in 1823 a court house was contracted for. This was the old-fashioned, square, two-story, brick building, and though there was little architectural beaut^y to recommend it, it was a substantial structure, and answered everj^ purpose until in 1848, when the present more convenient and commodious building was erected.

At the October Term of court, 1S22, the price of tavern license was fixed at $10, and the number of beds that must be kept for the accommodation of travelers, and the number of stalls in the stable were definitely set forth. The proof of these things was a pre-requisite for the obtaining of the license. Richard Thornberry and Jehu Perkins were the first to avail themselves of this privilege of keeping a tavern. Modern fashion would call these hotels. It may be noticed that both of these were in the country. The very tirst house erected upon the ground now occupied bv Rushville, was a large double cabin built by Dr. W. B. Laughlin, in December of 1820, near the river, back of where John Fouts now resides. This location was selected on account of its nearness to a fine spring that gushes from the river bank. This was an unusually large double cabin, with a hall running through the middle. It was necessarily large to accommodate the doctor's family of three sons and ten daughters.

Among the first to build after the sale of the lots, may be mentioned Stephen Simms, who built near where Dr. John Moffett lives, Clum, a shoemaker, had his cabin where the Orphans' Home now is. Miner's cabin was just south of Caldwell's livery stable, John Alley's, where Hufford's is, William Hart's, immediateU' west of this, Robert Thompson's, where J. R. Carmichael's store stands, A. Lauman, in the same block, a little north of it. Dr. H. G. Sexton's where the Mauzy double store is, Job Pugh's double twostory house, stood where the National Bank now stands, Joseph Nichols', where James Pattison now lives, Charles Veeder's in the park, where three or four large locust trees now grow, Charles Test, where Dr. W. H. Smith's house stands, this he occupied as an office and dwelling until he married, when he bought William Hart's property on the mill race east of John Carmichael's mill; here he built a two storj- log house, which still remains, though changed from its original appearance by weather-boarding, etc. The first stock of goods was brought by a Mr. Patterson, from Pittsburg, who sold them in a house where Dr. M. Sexton's block is, east of the Windsor Hotel. Reu Pugh opened a dry goods store on the National Bank lot, Deming brought a stock and sold them in a building where the Rush County Bank now stands, he afterward built the brick, south of the court house, where he carried on the business ' for several years. Major Newell built a two-story log house, and sold goods, where Dr. W. A. Pugh lives, then came W. McClear^^ & Co. west of court house. Thomes Wooster opened a dry goods store in 1828. He had previously kept a grocery. The very first tavern, was one kept b}' William Hart, west of Hufford's house. He kept this house for perhaps two j-ears, and then sold out to Charles Test, and moved awa}'. Lauman, in 1823, opened one west of the court house, and Job Pugh, one north of the court house. This he sold to his brother Reu Pugh, after he was elected Recorder, the latter enlarged and improved the house, and carried on the business most successfully for many years. Reu Pugh was a most energetic business man. He kept a first rate tavern, a dr}- goods and grocery store, had an extensive tanj'ard and a shoemaker's shop, thus largely increasing the business of the town. Joseph Hamilton came to Rushville in 1S30, and opened a drv goods and grocerv store, in a room where Toolen's block now stands. He afterward moved it to the McPike corner and finally built a brick building, which is now a part of the Grand Hotel. Here, at the old white corner, as it was usually called, he for many years, carried on successfully, a general mercantile business and also kept a hotel, which made glad the heart of the weary traveler. In later years George Hibben, Laren & Flinn, Hibben & Flinn, Maddux & Havens, Hibben & Mauzy, and William Mauzy & Co., were among the leading merchants of Rushville. Joseph Thrasher was one of the early blacksmiths. His shop stood where Reeve & Burt's store is. Jack Irvin had a tailor's shop where Mrs. Mason's milinerv store stands. Henry Beckwith had a wagonmaker's shop on the south side of the court house. Alexander Glon was a well-known shoemaker in early times. Thomas Pugh carried on the business of hatter, in a .shop that stood where Gwin's livery stable now stands. Hiram Bell had a blacksmith's shop south of the court house.

The first Postmaster in Rushville, was Charles Veeder, in 1822. The first school taught in the township and county, was by Dr. W. B. Laughlin, in 1821.

Plats of Rushville. - The original plat of Rushville contained 151 lots. As time rolled on and the population increased, it became necessary to enlarge the limits. The Laughlin addition was laid out and platted, November 17, 1836. It was immediately west of the original plat. This sufficed until September 17, 1S47, when Bridges and Tingley recorded their addition situated west of the Laughlin addition along Buena Vista Avenue. In 1850, Smith and Carr platted their addition, lying west of Bridges and Tingley's, between the Indianapolis road and Ruth Street and north of the J., M. & I. depot. This area was found to be insufficient for the increased and increasing population, and in April, 1867, G. C. Clark, in response to the demand for more room, made his first addition, extending east of Main Street, between Elm and Lilac. Our High School is on Perkins between Lilac and Magnolia. These lots were taken up so rapidly that in Ma}% 1868, he made his second addition east of the first, and extending to Maple Street, and in May, 1869, he made his third from Maple to the point on which the second or colored Methodist Church stands. In Februar}', 1S70, H. G. Sexton's first addition was made, to the northwest part of town. In 1879, Lon Sexton made his addition between Main' and Morgan streets. Theodore Jennings made an addition to the west and south part of town. H. G. Sexton's heirs made their second addition lying west of Jackson and north of West Fifth Street.

Besides the above important additions, there have been quite a - number of smaller ones not necessary to be here enumerated. These later additions have been rapidh' taken up and improved by laboring men, through the beneficent aid of the building associations. These associations are emphatically the friends of the poor man. Manj^ a man now enjoys the blessings of a home that is in verity his own by their aid; without this organization he would be now a renter at the mercy of a landlord. The growth and development of Rushville has been steady and real, but scarcely keeping pace with the advance of the county in wealth and financial prosperit3^ Rushville has never been cursed by that unfounded and fictitious inflation of values, usually known as a boom, and which is worked up by unscrupulous speculators and tricksters for their own gain. About 1856, Col. Alfred Posey built, and for several years run a large distiller^', in what is now Circleville. This afforded a good market for all surplus grain. But the farmers found that it was more profitable to feed their corn to their hogs than to sell it, so that the distillery could not get enough to make the manufacture of whisk}- very remunerative to the owner.

Mills. - In 1840, Harvey W. Carr, Joseph Nichols, Joseph Mc- Pike and Dr. William Frame formed a company and built the steam mill, to which was attached a saw mill. In the spring of 1845, John and Jesse Carmichael bought it. After running it some time, Jesse went out, and Lewis Maddux, James Hibben and John Carmichael became the owners. In a short time Hibben and Maddux sold their interest, and it has been ever since the property of John Carmichael. This mill was for many years the most popular mill in the county, and did an immense amount of work. In July of 1887, Mr. Carmichael put in the roller process works, so that he is now prepared to successfully compete with any mill in the country. In June, 1S57, T. & E. Moffett and John Winship built a large and verv complete and well equipped woolen mill, whose foundations stand on the river bank south of the Presbyterian Church, it having been consumed b\' fire in 1887. This factory turned out lirst-class goods and gave employment to about twenty-five hands. In 1S70, John Carmichael bought out the interests of Winship and Estell Moffett, it being the one-half interest of the concern; he paid for this $20,000. It was run a few years longer to the pecuniary loss of the proprietors. The City Mills were built bv J. B. Fouch, in 1881, and are now doing a fine custom business under the present proprietor, T. W. Hilligoss. The latest devices in mill machinery are used in this mill.

Railroads have materially aided in opening up the business of the town and in developing the resources of the county. The necessity of these was long felt, and resulted in the building of the Shelbyville and Rushville Railroad. It was rather a poor concern, being a flat bar, with a track imperfectly ballasted. It was completed, and the first cars came into Rushville on the loth of September, 1850, and was the occasion of great rejoicing to the citizens. It supplied the wants of the town until December 25, 1867, the first train on the C, H. & I. Road arrived from Connersville, making glad the hearts of the people. On the 4th of July, 1868, the first cars passed through on the J., M. & I. These roads were secured by large donations of the citizens along the lines. The V., G. & R. was completed in September, 1881. Rushville Township voted an appropriation of $18,000 to aid in its construction. The next year the N. & R. Road was built, having been aided b}' an appropriation of the township. These roads have been of great advantage to the town, making it a great center for trade in general, and more particularly for the buying of grain, as will be shown farther on when the elevators and mills are mentioned in detail.

Incorporation. - It is not eas}' to fix definitely the date of incorporation of Rushville, as a town. Prior to the building of the present city hall, council meetings were held wherever convenient for the members, and the town records were not safely kept. For a time the}^ were left in the office of a Justice of the Peace, on whose dockets were recorded fines and penalties against certain law-breakers. These individuals, thinking to destroy the judgments against them, broke into the Justice's office at night and carrying forth what books they could find, which unfortunatel}- were the town records, built a fire in the streets and destroN'ed them. However, old citizens agree that the incorporation was effected prior to 1845, and it is generally believed that it was about 1842. The Town Board held its last meeting September 6, 1883 (the records are signed by J. H. Bebout, President, and H. P. McGuire, Clerk), and on the same day the first meeting of the Citv Council was held, when Mayor George H. Puntenney, Clerk Joseph A. Armstrong, Marshal Samuel G. Vance, Treasurer William E. Harmes, and Councilmen L. Link, A. Pavy, J. J. Fouts, J. Readle, Martin Bohannon and J. B. Reeve were duly installed. These gentlemen had been elected to the respective offices named, at a special election held on September 4, 1883. The maj'ors of the cit}^ have been: George H. Puntenney from September 6, 1883, Wilson T. Jackson from May 9, 1S84, H. G. L. S. Hilligoss from May 7, 1 886.

Public Buildinos. - Until 188 1, the town owned no public buildings. The need of a suitable city hall had long been felt, and in January, 1881, bids pursuant to advertisements were presented to the town board for the building of a council chamber and engine house. The bids were as follows: Robert W. Perry, $2,600.00; E. O. Dale, $2,800.00; Aultman Bros., $2,850.00; Pearce & Woodward, $2,981.50; Mock & Walker, $2,900.00. That of Robert W. Perry was accepted and proper contracts were entered into. In February following an ordinance was passed authorizing the issue of bonds for $10,000.00 for the purchase of ground, building of council chamber and engine house, and construction of wells and cisterns. The amount provided was not suflicient for the purposes named, and subsequently additional bonds for $2,000.00 were issued. In the early spring work was commenced on the building, and soon thereafter it was ready for occupanc}-. The building is well and substantially built of brick with stone trimmings, is two stories high and of suflicient size to answer all the re(]uirements of the city. On the upper floor are the city offices and council chamber, and below is the engine house. It is situated near the center of the square on Ehzabeth Street, between Main and Morgan streets. The present city officers, besides the Maj-or above named, are H. P. McGuire, Clerk, and David Graham, Treasurer.

Fire Department. - Prior to 1S81, there was no organized fire department in Rushville. In that year an engine with the best Latta coil, a hose cart and hose, were purchased by the town, from Ahrens & Company, of Cincinnati, Ohio, for $4,350. The department is now well equipped and efficient. Twenty-one men are employed, with Samuel Finney, Chief, and Stewart Beale, Engineer. Three well trained horses belong to the department.

Cinninnati, Ohio. About $25,000 are invested in the plant which is now under the management of Mr. Frank Brown. There are nine miles of mains and one tank with a capacit}^ of 10,000 feet. About 3,000,000 feet per annum are used. The gas is made of oil furnished by the Standard Oil Company, of which about 24,000 gallons are consumed annually - citizens pay $3.50 per thousand feet for gas. The city uses seventy-eight posts and pays for each post $15 per year.

Natural Gas. - Recently with a hope of finding natural gas in paying quantities several wells in and near Rushville have been bored. Three have been bored bj- private subscription. In some of these wells gas was found at a depth of 900 or 1,000 feet, but not in large quantities. The pubhc offices in the County Court House have been partiall}^ heated by its use, but it has not been otherwise utilized. A well is now being dug four miles from the city, on the farm of Frank Cross, as a city enterprise, to be paid for by taxation. Should this well prove worthless provision has been nrade b}^ the city for boring another well farther awaj' from the city, in the direction of Carthage. Mr. George C. Clark, at his own expense, is sinking a well on the south end of the Oliver Posey farm, near the city limits.

Press. - As the press is one of the educators of our countr}-, and exerts a powerful influence in giving tone and character to societ}^, mention of its history in this county is made. It is rather difficult to give the correct data, as the files of newspapers have not been preserved, and the historian must depend mainl}^ on the personal recollections of old citizens.

The first paper ever published in Rush County was a unique sheet dubbed the I^og Fennel Gazette, about ten by twelve inches. Though small, it was spicy and rich, filled with the local news of the county, humor, drollery and keen sarcasm. Its sole editor and proprietor was William D. M. Wickham, an original genius of the first water. The press itself was decidedly pioneer; the bed of it was the top of a sycamore stump, and the lever a long pole inserted into a mortise in a tree standing by its side; on this he printed his Gazette and all the bills called for by the business of the county. This he used for some time, but finally made a great advance b}^ constructing a press of heavj' oak timbers. This he called "Wickham's Velocity- Press," and did what was then considered good printing. The first number of the Dog Fennel Gazette was issued in the latter part of 1S22 or early part of 1823. This paper for many vears supplied the wants of the communit}', until Samuel Davis and Thomas Wallace, two young and practical printers from Cincinnati, started a more pretentious sheet, called the Riishville Herald. A son of Wallace is now the partner of Puntennev in the yacksoniaii office. The Herald was a Whig in its political affinities, though it was mainh' devoted to the dissemination of useful information and the current news of the day. It was published for many years by this firm, until somewhere about the year 1S40, it was sold to Donovan & Tizzard, who transformed it into a Democratic journal called the Hoosier and Hks/itHIc Democratic Archive. About this time, in this ever memorable year of the greatest political enthusiasm ever known in this country, when the honored name of Harrison, so inseparably associated with the early history of the West, with all its stirring events, its hardships, its blood}' battle-fields and its triumphs, fired the hearts of the people and caused them to arise as one man and shout for the Hero of Tippecanoe, P. A. & O. C. Hackleman started a paper known as the Rushville Whig. P. A. Hackleman was its editor and greatly distinguished himself b}' his ability during this exciting campaign. Several years later, the paper became the property of Cowing & Cox, who changed its name to the True Refiiblican and advocated the principles of that party; this was in 1S55 or 1S56. It is not definitely known when the True was dropped, but it has been for a great number of years what it now is, the Repuhlieaii. In a few j-ears, this firm sold to another of the same name, but composed of different individuals, who sold to Andrew Hall, about iS6o or iS6i. In 1864, L. J. Cox had it for about one year, and then sold it to Conde & Shumm, who were succeeded in 1 866 by William Shumm. In 1870, F. T. Drebert became its editor and proprietor, and some time in 1875, sold to the Stiver Brothers, who in turn sold out to the present able editor, John F. Moses. At a subsequent period George C. Clark occupied the editorial tripod, and by the power and clearness of his editorial matter and the good taste of his selections, gave the paper a deserved popularity. TYie. Hoosier and Rushville Democratic Archive was continued for some time, and was then sold to Samuel S. Bratton, and it was by him called the yac/csoiiiaii, and was edited b\' Finley Bigger, Esq. Afterward, a Kentucky gentleman of the name of Norris purchased it from Bratton, but Finley Bigger still continued to be its editor: afterward it passed b}' turn into the hands of George W. Hargett, John L. Robinsonj R. S. Sproule, E. S. Hibben, Finle}' Bigger and many others, whose names cannot be recalled. It has been for many years the property of Puntenney & Wallace, and represents fairlv and defends strongly the doctrines of the Democratic party. At different times, several other papers have been started, but the ventures have always proved disastrous to their authors except in the case of the Graphic, which came into existence July i, 1882. Dr. S. W. McMahan and G. W. Campbell were its founders, and for some time it was ably edited by the latter. The only change in its management was made in November, 1886, when Jonn K. Gowd}' bought the interests of jNIr. Campbell, and assumed the duties of editor in chief. It was started as a business enterprise and has already achieved much of the success hoped for it b}' its originators. It is a Republican journal and gives loyal and valuable service to the party whose principles it promulgates.

East Hill Cemetery is situated on the Rush%'ille and ^'ienna Turnpike, on the south side, just beyond the bridge. It contains something over nineteen acres. It was naturally a beautiful piece of ground, well adapted for the uses to which it is now consecrated. The Trustees wisely emplo^'ed a skillful landscape gardner to la^' out the grounds and superintend the work, and the result is a cemetery beautiful as a whole and tasteful in all its details. It is divided into six sections of unequal size and form b}"^ gracefully curving avenues. These sections are laid out into lots, w'ith three-foot alleys to everj^ alternate lot, so that every lot has an allej' on one side or the other. The citizens of Rushville, and of the county generally, had long recognized the necessity of securing some suitable and sufficient tract of land to make a permanent burial ground, where their loved and lost ones might be laid to rest amid such surroundings as would testify'- to the tender love and fond remembrance of those left behind. This feeling culminated in the call for the public meeting, which was held in the court house, June iS, 1859. ^^ *^'s meeting, a committee of five was appointed to select a suitable location for the cemetery, to ascertain the price for which it could be purchased, and to report at the next meeting. This consisted of the following gentleman: Jefferson Helm, Sr., Daniel Wilson, George Hibben, C. S. Donaldson and Joseph Winship. This committee, with the consent of the meeting, added to their number the name of Joel Wolfe. P. A. Hackleman, L. Sexton and John Carmichael were appointed a committee on organization, to draft articles of association for the Cemeter}- Company', and to report at next meeting. On motion, the meeting then adjourned to meet again at the same place on Wednesday, the 29th inst. Pursuant to adjournment the friends of the Cemeterv Association met at the court house, Joel Wolfe presiding, and John S. Campbell acting as Secretarv. L. Sexton, from the committee appointed, submitted articles of association, \\'hich, having been read, were adopted.

The name of this association i&the " East Hill Cemeter}- Co. of Rushville." The articles of association provide that the business shall be conducted and controlled bv hve Trustees, who shall be elected annually. These articles were signed by forty-nine men. On the 1 2th day of July, the election resulted in the election of the following named as Trustees, viz.: George Hibben, Jefferson Helm, Sr., Joel Wolfe, C. S. Donaldson and Daniel Wilson. This first board proceeded vigorously to carry out the intentions and purposes of the organization, and their efforts and those of their successors have been crowned with the most gratifying success. Manjr of the lots have been sold, and rapidly this city of the dead is becoming peopled. There is a section containing about thirtyfive lots that was sold to the Catholics, and was used for burial purposes for several years, but, having purchased land on the Smelser Mile Pike, just above town, the\^ have a cemeter}^ exclusively their own, and to it have removed many of their dead from their former resting place. A portion of the northeast corner of the cemetery belongs to the count}-, where her paupers are buried, another portion adjoining this on the Avest is the Putter's Field, where strangers are interred. The grounds are ornamented bynumerous beautifull}- luxuriant evergreens. An unusual number of fine and tasteful monuments, testify to the pious reverence of the living for their unforgotten and beloved dead, and the financial abilit}^ that enables them to manifest their sorrow and respect in this substantial manner. The front or north side is inclosed by a handsome iron fence, which adds greatly to the neat appearance of the cemetery grounds.

Banks. - Prior to 1857, the town of Rushville was without banking facilities. At that time the necessity for such facilities became so pressing that several of the most prominent business men of that da}- organized the Rushville branch of the Bank of the State of Indiana, with a capital of $100,000. Its first officers were George E\-ans, President, and Wm. C. McReynolds, Cashier. This institution transacted a large business and prospered. For many years its facilities were ample for the volume of business done in the town. At one time, however, steps were taken to increase the capital stock, but an increase was not effected. After the passage bv Congress of the National bank act, the affairs of this institution were wound up, George C. Clark, being at that time its President. On February 22, 1S65, under the new national banking system, the Rushville National Bank was organized with a capital stock of $100,000. Its first officers were George C. Clark, President, and Joseph Oglesby, Cashier. At the twenty-four annual elections held since the institution of the bank, Mr. Clark has been chosen to preside over and conduct its affairs. In 1870, Mr. Oglesby resigned as Cashier. Edwin Payne was elected to fill the vacancy, and to the present time has acceptably held that important position. The

When the Rushville National Bank was organized there was some disappointment among certain stockholders as to the details of organization. At the same time it was believed that the rapidly increasing business of the town would support another bank. These causes and the belief in that good maxim that competition is the life of trade, led to the organization of the Rush County Banking Companj' - a private enterprise whose first officers were Leonidas Sexton, President, and James S. Lakin, Cashier. The affairs of this institution were well managed and its prosperity led to the incorporation of a second National bank - the Rush County National Bank which came into existence in 1871, with a capital stock of $100,000. The first officers of this second bank were Oliver Posey, President and James Lakin, Cashier. The management of the bank has been wise and conservative. It transacts a large amount of business and enjoys the confidence of the business public. Its present officers, elected January 2, 18S8, are L. Link, President; E. D. Pugh, Cashier; J. H. Oglesby, W. T. Brann, C. Cambern, B. L. Smith, T. N. Link, E. '"D. Pugh, and L. Link, Directors.

Building and Loan Associations. - It is the belief of many that no single agency has accomplished more for the upbuilding of the City of Rushville, and the prosperit}' of its citizens than the Building Associations. They are operated generally by public spirited citizens whose aim is the good of the many. In all parts of the city, endeavors of their good work may be seen, and such is their popularit}', that scarcely a family in the city can be found which does not hold stock in some one of the associations now existing. The most substantial citizens, the shrewdest financiers, the most successful merchants, the artisans, mechanics, laborers and the poorer citizens are alike stockholders. Much financial ability is displayed in the management of these institutions, without specific compensation, except a share in that accumulation of value which at length is distributed to all shareholders. Notwithstanding the acknowledgment of good now universally accorded these concerns, at first much dilEculty was experienced in securing subscribers to stock, as many money lenders stigmatized the scheme as a game to rob the stockholders, and direful consequences were prophesied to the unfortunate who was bold enough to put his money into it. The advantages over the old S3-stem of borrowing mone}' and the great sayings features soon became apparent to the most skeptical, and in a few years from the introduction of the system, its bitterest opponents became its warmest friends and supporters. The pioneer in this county was the Rushville Building Association, incorporated June 21, 1877, with a capital stock of $100,000, divided into shares of $200 each. Its first officers were D. M. Stewart, President, L. Link, Vice President and J. O. Thomas, Secretary and Treasurer. It organized with 124 members. It closed its career in 18S5, after accomplishing much good. It had no law suits, and distressed none of its members. At its close, John J. Fouts was President, D. J. Egan, Vice President, J. Q. Thomas, continued as Secretary and Treasurer during the whole of its existence. As a successor to the association just named, the Rushville Building Association No. 2, was organized and incorporated November 4, 1885, with D. Graham, President, M. Nolan, Vice President and John Q. Thomas, Secretary and Treasurer, and a capital stock of $100,000. When a little over two years old, this new association had redeemed 244 of its 500 shares, had handled over $40,000, and was in an extremely prosperous condition.

The Citizens' Building, Loan and Savings Association was organized February 13, 1880, with a capital stock of $100,000, and the following officers: John B. Reeve, President; William A. Pugh, Vice President; Edwin Farell, Secretary, and M. C. Tingley, Treasurer. Excepting the last named, these officers have been reelected annually and continue to hold the offices as designated. Mr. Tingley removed to Ohio, and the vacancy thus occasioned was filled by the election of T. M. Green. The first issue of stock (500 shares at $200 each), was redeemed in full in six j'ears, nine months and three weeks from date of issue, and in December, 1S86, stockholders' notes and mortgages and all stock certificates were cancelled. At tiiis time $88.75 had been paid in dues on each share of stock and the amounts received bv stockholders on shares when discounted ranged from $88 to $130. March 5, 1886, the association formallv' accepted the provisions of the legislative enactments of 18S5, respecting such organizations, and has since operated under the same. May 11, 1886, it resolved to increase its capital to $1,000,000, to be issued in series of $100,000 each, and on January I, 1887, the second and third series were issued, every share being immediately taken. The demand for stock was so great that petitions were presented pra3'ing for the immediate issue of the fourth series, but this the directors declined to do. Man}' now owners of comfortable homes through its assistance, willingly testify to its good work in the past and predict for it a bright future. Its Directory is now composed of J.' B. Reeve, W. A. Pugh, T. Abercrombie., P. J. Beachbard, H. S. Stephens, J. A. Spurrier, A. B. Hinchman, T. J. Boring, and H. G. Hilfigoss. The Peoples' Building Association was organized March 4, 1882, with a capital stock of $100,000 - divided into 500 shares of $200 each. Its first officers were John J. Fouts, President, and W. S. Orwin, Secretary. Its first Directors were John Fouts, David M. Parry, John Carroll, Harrison T. Carr, Dominick J. Egan, Leonidas Havens, Michael Nolan, John Readle and Robert W. Peny, and with slight changes these gentlemen have constituted the Board of Directors ever since. The association had loaned $29,700 prior to February 28, 18S7. The expenses of management had been about $650 up to Januarj', 1888. It was the intention of the institution when organized to accomplish the results for which it was created in about eight years. It is confidently predicted by the management that it will be able to wind up its affairs in about six years and three months from date of incorporation. This company has been carefull}- and conscientiousl}- managed. At present, John F. Scanlan is President, and Thomas J. Newkirk is Secretary of the association.

The Big Four Building, Loan and Saving Association was incorporated April 10, 1882, with a capital stock of $100,000, divided into 500 shares of $200 each. Its first officers were J. H. Bebout, President; C. H. Parsons, Secretary; Gates Sexton, Treasurer, and remain the same except that Mr. Sexton has been replaced as Treasurer by W. E. Havens. This compan}- has been a power for good in the community and its wise management has challenged the admiration of all thoughtful men whose attention it has attracted. So prosperous has it been that it will " pay out " two years before the expiration of the time which at the time of organization the best calculators fixed as necessary for it to run its course.

The Rush County Loan Association was organized June 10, 1882, with a capital stock of $100,000. The members ceased paying dues April i, 1S87. The 500 shares originally issued were taken up and satisfied, and the business was closed in perfect order. It is claimed b}' those who had charge of its business that its career was a most successful one. For most of the time from organization to its close, the following were connected with its management: Directors, A. G. Mauzy, B. L. Smith, W. J. Mauzy, James Geraghty, J. M. Felts; Secretary, U. D. Cole; Treasurer, Thomas Madden.

The Home Loan Association was organized April i, 18S7. At this time 993 shares of stock have been issued, and the business is progressing successfully. The present officers are: Directors, A. G.'Mauzy, B. L. Smith, James Geraghty, J. M. Felts, J. C. Sexton, R. J. Carmichael, Bernard Madden, W. J. Mauzy and Fred Johnson; Secretary, U. D. Cole; Treasurer, Thomas Madden.

each. Its first and present officers are: James T. Kitchen, President; Arthur B. Irvin, Secretary, and Edwin D. Pugh, Treasurer. This company has been very prosperous. It has loaned on first mortgages $22,000, and has discounted 118 shares at $18 per share and 102 shares at $16.50 per share.

Secret Societies. - Freemasonry was introduced in Rushville a short time prior to 1840, but the exact date cannot be definitely determined. Morning Star Lodge was the first organized, but after a brief struggle for existence it surrendered its charter. This as nearly as can be determined was about 1840. Another attempt to establish the order was made and Rush Lodge No. 62, was organized, but its charter was surrendered December 24, 1857. This was succeeded by Phrenix Lodge No. 62, F. & A. M., which under a dispensation granted in February, 1858, was instituted with Thomas Poe as W. M.; Benjamin F. Johnson, S. W., and James S. Lakin, J. W. On May 25 following, at the annual convocation of the M. W. Grand Lodge, of the State of Indiana, a charter was granted with the name and officers indicated above. The first officers after the completion of the organization were elected June 22, 1858, and were Thomas Poe, W. M. ; James S. Lakin, S. W.; WilHam Wilson, Jr., J. W.; Samuel W. Atherton, Secretar}-; Alex. Posey, Treasurer; George Kelly, S. D.; James Wilson, J. D., and James W. Ferguson, Tyler. At present the lodge has seventy-two members, and the following are its officers: E. H. Butler, W. M. ; J. Q. Thomas, S. W.; G. S. Megee, J. W.; Thomas Poe, Secretary; B. F. Tingley, Treasurer; H. P. McGuire, S. D.; D. P. Shawhan, J. D.; J. M. Conover, Tyler; W. J. Mauzy, R. W. Cox, B. L. Smith, Trustees; A. B. Hinchman and J. H. Bebout, Stewards. Rush Chapter No. 24, R. X. M., was chartered Ma}' 18, 1854, with Horatio G. Sexton, H. P.; Abram Reeve, King, and Leonidas Sexton, Scribe, and on the same da}' was organized by the H. P., H. G. Sexton. In the evening of that day the following officers were installed to serve for the year ensuing: Abram Reeve, H. P.; H. G. Sexton, Scribe; Thomas Smith, King; B. F. Johnson, C. H.; W\ H. Martin, P. S.; W. H. Smith, R. A. C; George A. Chace, M. third veil; E. J. Waddle, M. second veil; George R. Kelly, M. first veil; J. V. R. Miller, Treasurer; Charles Waddle, Secretary and Guard. Rush Chapter has now a membership of forty-three and its present oflkers are: John C. Humes, H. P.; W. A. Posey, King; A. B. Hinchman, Scribe; J. R. Carmichael, C. PL; R. W. Cox, P. S.; Edward Young, R. A. C; J. M. Hildreth, G. M., 3d V.; C. W. Burt, G. M., 2d V.; W. J. Mauzy G. M., ist V.; Thomas Poe, Secretary; G. W. Young, Treasurer; Joseph Stark, Guard.

With these lodges have been identified some of the representative men, not only of Rushville, but also of the State of Indiana and of the Nation. The Masons have for their use a pleasant and capacious hall, though the}' have no propert}- interests. The funds of the organization have from time to time been disbursed in the furtherance of charitable objects. However, a building fund has been established which, because of the prosperous condition of the order, promises rapid growth.

D. Herve}' and H. D. Johnson. Hefferman and King were residents of Rushville, but the others named left Laurel Lodge bj^ card for the purposes of this institution, and afterward left by card and returned to Laurel Lodge. On the evening of the institution of the lodge there were initiated W. B. FHnn, P. A. Hackleman, Samuel Barbour, John L. Robinson, Richard Poundstone, James S. Hibben, Joel Wolfe, Harmony Laughlin, Marshall Sexton and S. S. Bratten. The first officers were William F. King, N. G. ; P. A. Hackleman, V. G.: James S. Hibben, Secretary; Joel Wolfe, Treasurer. The membership of this lodge has included many of the most intelligent, enterprising and distinguished citizens of the town and county, from all classes and occupations. Several of its members have been elevated to high positions in the Grand Lodge and Grand Encampment I. O. O. F., of Indiana, and some have acquired national reputations. The lodge itself has always occupied an honorable and influential position in the order. Evidencing the zeal of this lodge is the fact that in raising funds to erect the Grand Lodge Hall, it took more stock in the enterprise than any other lodge outside of Indianapolis, subscribing $500.00. It is now in a prosperous condition, owning a large and handsome hall, in which its meetings are held, and a valuable propert}- on Main Street, immediatelv north of the Commercial Block. The membership is large, zealous and properly proud of the high standing of the lodge. Among the prominent members of the past a few may be mentioned: Gen. Pleasant A. Hackleman became G. M. of the Grand

City Of Rushville

Lodge of Indiana and was twice elected Grand Representative of the Jurisdiction of Indiana in the Grand Lodge of the United States. He made a brilHant record in the Grand Lodge and prepared fine lectures on the " Rise and Progress of Odd Fellowship,'' which were highly praised and published in the JVeslcni Odd Fclloi.vs' Magazine. Flattering testimonials of his ability and zeal as an orator and an Odd Fellow, were freely given by the public and the press, especially the Arl: and the Western Odd Fellcnvi' Jlfagazine. Joel Wolfe, a distinguished Odd Fellow, was a favorite lecturer on Odd Fellowship, and a valuable member of the Grand Lodge of Indiana. E. H. Berrj^ was at one time Grand Patriarch of the Grand Encampment and Representative to the Grand Lodge of the United States, and afterward Grand Secretary for several years. Leonidas Sexton frequently lectured on Odd Fellowship, and received the highest honors in the gift of the Grand Lodge and Grand Encampment, being Grand Master in the former, and Grand Patriarch in the latter. He was twice elected and once appointed Grand Representative to the Grand Lodge of the United States. For manj- years he was a member of the Committee on Grievances and Appeals in the Grand Lodge of Indiana, and was Vice President and Director of the Odd Fellows' Mutual Aid Association. Marshall Sexton was another able and zealous Odd Fellow, becoming Grand Patriarch of the Grand Encampment, and Grand Marshal of the Grand Lodge of Indiana. B. W. S. Caldwell was well and favorabh' known in the Grand Lodge of Indiana, and was once its Grand Marshal. Lewis Maddux, now of New York City, but still a member of this lodge, was on the committee that supervised the building of the Grand Lodge Hall. Four members of the lodge fell in battle in defense of the Nation. They were: Gen. P. A. Hackleman, Col. Joel Wolfe, Capt. B. F. Denning and Sergeant W. L. Peckham.

Bemice Encampment No. 12, I. O. O. F., was instituted April 7, 1 848, bv the then Grand Patriarch, Christian Bucher, with Joseph L. Silcox, Marshall Sexton, Pleasant A. Hackleman, Lewis Maddux, Clayborn S. Donaldson, Norvell W. Co.x, Samuel S. Poundstone and Joel Wolfe, as charter members. Its first officers were: Pleasant A. Hackleman, Chief Patriarch: Joel Wolfe, High Priest; Lewis Maddux, Senior Warden; Marshall Sexton, Junior Warden; Norvell W. Cox, Scribe; Samuel S. Poundstone, Treasurer. Rushville Lodge No. 132, Degree of Rebekah, I. O. O. F., was instituted December 25, 1874, by Past Grand Master John W. McQuiddy, with the following charter members, viz.: O. C. Hackleman, Caroline M. Hackleman, W. L. Wilson, Margaret Wilson, F. T. Drebert, Mary A. Drebert, Edwin Farrer, Sadie Farrer, V.

Canton Rushville No. 21, Patriarchs Militant I. O. O. F., was instituted March i, 1SS7, by Brig. Gen. Theodore Pfafflin and Col. J. W. McQuiddy, both of Indianapolis. The charter members were John A. Walsh, Edwin Farrer, O. O. Felts, Melvin L. INIoor, Wilham E. Wallace, A. T. Mahin, V. C. Bodine, C. S. Spritz, M. C. Leming, Levi Sherwood, Jehu Linvill, David Wert, A. M. Aultman, S. Stockdell, Alvin Moore and L. H. Havens. The first officers of the Canton were John A. Walsh, Commandant; Edwin Farrer, Lieutenant; O. O. Felts, Ensign; M. L. Moor, Clerk, and W. E. Wallace, Accountant.

C. Copeland, N. G.; Joseph Shirley, V. G.; Reuben Banks, W. T., and John Roberts, E. S. This the only secret organization among the colored people of the city. It is prospering and doing much

Kiiigkfs of Pythias. - The Knights of P}-thias have a flourishing lodge known as Ivy Lodge No. 27. It was instituted March 4, 1873, with fourteen charter members. It now numbers 141. This organization is purely fraternal, considering all mankind as brothers; their object is to inculcate and to enforce the great principles of Friendship, Charity and Benevolence, and to emphasize the divine command, " Do unto others as ^'ou would have others do unto you." It declares that toleration in religion, obedience to law and loyalty to government, are its cardinal principles. It imperatively commands its members to comfort the afflicted, relieve the suffering, bury their dead, care for the widow and educate the orphans, to be charitable to all, to believe in the honesty of purpose and the good intentions of others. These teachings are truly fraternal, and if carried out in every da}- life, would give peace on earth and good will to all men.

1873, were John H. Brown, P. C; John F. Beher, C. C; John Carroll, V. C; John P. Guffin, Prelate; Homer Gregg, K. of R. and S.; Simon Klein, M. of F.; B. F. Tinglev, Jr., M. of E.; John W. Wilson, M. of A.; Samuel A. Glore, I. G."; John F. Ribz, O. G. The present officers are: William H. Moffett, P. C. ; W^illiam A. Posey, C. C; W. H. Sands, V. C; Alvin Moore, Prelate; James F. Gregg, K. of R. and S.; M. H. Downey, M. of F.; Zara E. Mauzy, M. of E. ; Walter Kemp, M. of A. ; J. M. Havens, I. G. ; J. W. Kirkpatrick, O. G. Thev meet ever^' Monday evening in Castle Hall.

The Knights of Honor organized in Rushville, February 21, 1878, with thirteen charter members, and the following officers: Dictator, Joseph Offutt; Rep., A. I. Sargeant; Financier, G. W. Alexander; Treasurer, Micajah Shopshire. The membership has been as high as sixty-five, and at present there are twenty-one members. Four deaths have occurred among the members, as follows: Frank Gregg, Eli Frank, Dr. W. Hayes and Nicholas Gautner. Two thousand dollars are paid to the heirs of each member who dies while in good standing. A sick benefit of $4 per week is also paid by the order, to disabled members. Elections of officers occurr on the last Tuesday in June and December. The present officers are: Dictator, George Conrad; Rep., W. W. Whitlock; Fin., Frank Wilson.

The Ancient Order of United Workmen was organized in Rushville, June 23, 1880, by Benjamin Morgan, District Deputy Grand Master, with thirteen charter members. The first officers were: W. P. Green, P. M. W. ; L. H. Carr, M. W. ; G. W. Guire, F. ; Ezekiel Priest, O.; George W.Kendall, Recorder; R. W. Bebout, Fin.; D. S. Fleehart, Receiver; J. St. Claire, Guide. Fort^'-one members have been initiated into the lodge, but of these, twentythree have dropped out, leaving at present, eighteen members. There have been no deaths in the lodge, but since the organization, $248 have been paid in sick benefits for the relief of disabled members. The present officers are: G. W. Guire, P. M. W. ; D. S. Fleehart, M. W.; E. B. Lee, F.; E. A. Lee, O.; I. S. Ford, Recorder; L. H. Carr, Financier; William Beale, Receiver; W. L "Lewark, G.; I. Miller, I. S.; J. T. Nixon, O. S. This order has no connection with any religious sect, political partv or association designed to affect the prices of labor or commodities, but has for its sole object the mutual benefit of its members and their families by promoting fraternity and mental and social improvement. It has done much good in Rushville.

The first officers were: Charles C. Breeden, M. W.; J. M. Stewart, W. F. : S. M. Thompson, R. S.: George Wingerter, Treasurer; F. M. Wipple, W. I.; William Wood, U. K.; W. C. Gilson, O. E.; L. F. Alesworth, I. E.; S. M. Thompson, Judge; John Mauseur, J. A. ; George Wingerter, Clerk, and J. T. Nixon, S. M. Thompson and E. J. Mattox, Executive Committee. The object of the order is the improvement of the working classes. Both sexes are admitted to membership. In order that workmen, as a class, might keep pace with the advancement of the age, organization was determined upon as the most efficient means to combat what seemed to be the chief causes of social inequality and degradation, namely a lack of general intelligence and unfavorable legislative discrimination. Lavv3"ers and bankers are not admitted to membership, because they are able to care for themselves. Rumsellers and professional gamblers are not admitted, because intemperance and gambling are the curses that beset manv a poor workingman, against which the order seeks to protect him. A prominent member of the order in Rushville states that no greater mistake can be made than to suppose this order to be at war with capital, for in fact it considers capital and labor as allies - each useless without the other - but opposed to unjust exactions and discriminations. The order is composed of peaceable, law-abiding citizens, and has been of benefit to Rushville as a city. Its present officers are: William DeWitt, M. W.; Frank Cone, W. F. : Frank Brown, Treasurer; James C. Gregg, R. S.; George W. Springer, F. S.; Levi Sherwood, U. K-; John D. Wilson, W. I.; Ephraim Fouch, I. E.; John Madden, O. E.; R. B. Henley, Almoner; W. M. Bovd, Stat.; S. M. Thompson, Judge; E. A." Lee, J. A.; F. M. Whipple, I. S.; J. L. Conner, Clerk, and J. T. Nixon, S. M. Thompson and Frank Brown, Executive Committee.

Royal Arcamim is a secret beneficiary society, and Council No. 887 was first instituted in Rushville, February 26, 1S85, by P. J. Reehling, District Deputy, assisted b}' Edward E. Chrager, Grand Secretary of Indiana. The Royal Arcanum, though comparatively a new organization, having been organized and incorporated on the 23d day of June, 1877, has made a grand progress. It now numbers 78,000 members in the United States and Canada, and has 1,057 Councils. Its avowed objects are to unite fraternally all white men of sound bodil}' health and good moral character, between the ages of twenty-one and fifty-five years, to establish a fund for the relief of sick and distressed members, and to establish a widow's and orphan's fund, from which on the death of a member in good standing in the order, a sum not to exceed $3,000 shall be paid to his family. It is in reality a mutual insurance company run on the most economic principles. The benefit fund is raised by a system of graded assessments, based on the expectation of duration of Hfe at the different ages, as ascertained by the men of the largest experience in such matters. A thorough medical examination is made of every applicant for membership, so that none but the sound and healthy can enter its rank, thus the death rate is reduced to the minimum. Thus the benefit fund is raised b}' a pro rata assessment according to the age of each member. No person in the saloon business, or any one who drinks alcoholic liquors as a beverage, can evar become a member of this organization. The inhabitants of all States or Territories where the yellow fever is epidemic, are also positively excluded. The council was organized with thirty charter members, and since then nineteen have been received into the order, making in all fortv-nine.

G, A. /?. - Joel Wolfe Post, G. A. R., No. Si, Department of Indiana, was instituted at Rushville, Jul}- 19, 1S82, by J. L. Woolen, of Greensburgh, Inspector. Charter members - U. D. Cole, William Beale, W. N. Stewart, J. P. Beachbard, John Fleeheart, J. P. Orr, George W. Willson, J. W. Spurrier, David S. Fleeheart, J. K. Goudy, B. L. Smith, Thomas Imes, T. A. Fritter, R. S. Bebout, George N. Guire, William F. Gordon, J. H. Mauzy, William H. Smith, William A. Cullen and Edward Young. At the organization of the post the following officers were elected, and installed: U. D. Cole, Commander; William Beale, Senior Vice Commander; William N. Stewart, Junior Vice Commander; J. H. Spurrier, Quartermaster; John Fleeheart, Adjutant; J. P. Orr, Chaplain; G. W. Willson, Surgeon: D. S. Fleeheart, Officer of the Da}'. U. D. Cole continued Post Commander until 18S5. His administration was successful and satisfactory, though for a long time the post struggled to maintain a feeble existence.

'On September 29 and 30, 1885, the post held its first reunion, which was largely attended by the old veterans. The present officers are: M. Sexton, Commander: J. Clements, Senior Vice Commander; George N. Guire, Junior Vice Commander; J H. Mauzy, Chaplain; William H. Goldsmith, Officer of the Day; N. Weeks, Quartermaster; C. F. Mullen, Adjutant; N. Gantner, Officer of the Guard; J. H. Spurrier, Surgeon; F. Geiger, Sergeant Major; L. D. Thomas, Quartermaster Sergeant. The post has mustered in and received by transfer card 172 members, representing over fifty different volunteer regiments and batteries, with some from the Regular Army. In its history of five and a half years Joel Wolfe Post has been favored in its membership, but four having been called to answer at the final roll call - Comrades David Mason, Lieut. King, Capt. Henry Frazee and Nicholas

Gantner. In addition to these should be mentioned Capt. David HoUowa}^, of Carthage, a prominent member of the Joel Wolfe Post, who had recently taken his transfer card, was buried by his comrades with the honors of war at Carthage, in July, 1887. The post is now in successful operation, occupying a new hall on second floor of Sexton's Block. The Sons of Veterans - with a membership of forty active and enterprising joung men - occupy the same hall, and promise well to do good work under the motto of Fraternit}-, Charity and Loyalt}-.

The Woman's Relief Corps instituted in Rushville in August, 1887, will doubtless prove here as elsewhere, a great auxiliar}^ in the work of the Grand Army. The charter members of this corps are: Miss India Hackleman, Mrs. Anne C. Moses, Mrs. Fannie L. Hildreth, Mrs. Liddie M. Cole, Mrs. Ann E. Frazee, Mrs. Sallie Guffin, Mrs. Marj' E. S. Conover, Mrs. Marj' B. Spurrier, Mrs. Lucv A. Frazee, "Mrs. Ahce B. Smith, Mrs. Amelia Wolfe, Mrs. Helen Willson, Mrs. Martha C. Weeks, Mrs. Alice Reeve, Mrs. Frances C. Clements, Mrs. Maggie C. Windier, Mrs. Martha Wolfe, Mrs. Jacie Webb, Mrs. Ellen JNIonjar, Mrs. Mar}' R. Gregg, Mrs. Maggie Friend, Miss Maggie Blair. The officers elected for this year are: Miss India Hackleman, President: Mrs. Anne C. Moses, First Vice President; Mrs. Fannie L. Hildreth, Second Vice President; Mrs. Liddie M. Cole, Secretary; Mrs. Ann C. Frazee, Chaplain; Miss Maggie Blair, Conductor; Mrs. Sallie Guflin, Guard; Mrs. Mary B. Spurrier, Assistant Guard; Mrs. Mary E. S. Conover, Assistant Conductor; Mrs. Alice W. Smith, Treasurer. This corps is composed of the best ladies of the citv, who will no doubt accomplish the good for which their organization was designed. Membership in the Woman's Relief Corps is restricted to the widows, wives and daughters of loyal soldiers of the Rebellion. The corps holds its meetings in the G. A. R. HaU.

Prcsetit Business Interests. - Gem Flouring IVIill : Among the most important enterprises of the city is the Gem Flouring Mill Company, incorporated March 28, 1S83, b}' William M. Alexander, Edwin Pa3'ne, John P. Guffin, John Q. Thomas, C. Cambern and W. F. T. Finch, with John P. Gufhn as President, and John Q. Thomas, Secretarv. The mill is a full roller process, with all the improved machinery now used in flour-making. Besides supplying a large home trade throughout the county and State, the company ships its flour in large quantities to New York, Buffalo, Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Louisville, Cincinnati, and even to London and Liverpool, England. The mill pays the farmers of Rush Count}' for grain over $60,000 a year, and its business reaches $200,000 a year. Its capacity is 750 bushels per day. The present officers are: Ed-

Citv Of Rushville. 65 1

Young, President; William M. Alexander, Vice President; John Q. Thomas, Secretary and Treasurer. Facts as to the other mills of the cit\^ have been stated in another connection.

Rushville Elevator Co., composed of William C, G. G. and E. H. Mauzy, and Melvin and Seth Moore, have their elevator near the C, H. & I. depot. They handle at this point 80,000 bushels of wheat and 63,000 bushels of corn. At then- agencies at Arlington and Glenwood, they handle 30,000 bushels of wheat and 20,000 bushels of corn. This is their average amounts.

Elevator B - A. G. Mauzy & Co. This firm consists of A. G., W. C, and E. H. Mauzy and Seth Moore. Their elevator is near the J., M. & I. depot, and has a capacit}^ of 125,000 bushels. They take in 100,000 bushels of wheat, 75,000 bushels of corn, 10,000 bushels of oats, and 1,500 bushels of clover seed. They also have a mill for grinding all kinds of feed.

Theodore H. Reed's Elevator. - This elevator, near the J., M. & I. depot, handles annually, 150,000 bushels of wheat, 75,000 bushels of corn, 25,000 bushels of oats, and 1,500 bushels of clover seed. The capacity of this elevator is only 45,000 bushels, so that Mr. Reed is continually shipping his grain to the points where he expects ultimateh^ to sell. In addition to this, through agents, he transacts a large business in grain, at Griffin Station, Glenwood, Gings, Falmouth and Milro}^ lie says that his business is steadily increasing.

Planing Mills. - Charles Mock runs the Moffett planing mill, and runs in connection with it an extension table factory; this table is very popular. In the planing mill, he carries on tlie usual business of such establishments.

The Co-Operative Planing Mill is now run under the control of Emmet Kenned}^ who was appointed receiver of the defunct co-operative company. This proved to be a disastrous enterprise to all concerned.

School Desk Co. - This comprises the names of Ed Pugh, Hilligoss and Finley Bigger, Jr. This is a new enterprise and so far has most encouraging success. It seems likely to grow into a large and successful business. The desks are a first-class article and are popular, wherever known and used. It is carried on at the co-operative planing mill.

Saw Mills. - There are three of these ; the first is Brann & Osborne, which does an extensive lumber business, shipping vast quantities to the eastern markets.

Carriage Builders. - There are two carriage factories in the city, both employing a number of men and doing a large business. John Carrol is the proprietor of one, and E. B. Poundstone proprietor of the other. These concerns have added materially to the business prosperity of Rushville.

Rushville Machine Works. - The firm of Nolan, Madden & Co., was formed in 1876, established as a foundrv and machine shop. It took up the manufacture of tile machines as a specialty. The general business has been ' good, though the making of tile machines has been their greatest industry. They have added various improvements to their tile mills, so that they are in good demand, and thej^ have orders ahead of their capacity to manufacture. It employs a goodly number of hands and is a profitable industry.

Cigar Factory. - George Wingerter has an extensive and wellmanaged cigar factory, employing a number of hands and manufacturing several very popular brands.

Drill Factory. - This is one of the prominent industries of Rushville. It originated with D. C. and I. N. Norris, who established a manufactory in Noble Township some fifteen or sixteen 3-ears ago. After carrying on the business for several years they removed their manufactory to Jackson Township. After a short time, from the great increase in their business, they determined to establish .it at some point where the facilities for transportation were better. They accordingly removed their factory to Rushville. Here they have estabHshed a high reputation for the efficienc}' of their drills. The}' have from time to time added such improvements to their drills as experience and close study would dictate. Their business gives employment to a number of hands.

Furniture Factory. - This was organized in 1883 by W. W. Innis, W. M. Pearce, David Graham, George H. Puntenney and Robert A. Innis. At the termination of the first year G. H. Puntenney sold his interest to Paul Kerr. The}- manufactured a general line of bedsteads and chamber suits. At first they gave employment to fifteen hands, but with the yearly increase in the ^-olume of their business they have increased the number employed until now they give constant employment to sixty workmen. Their manufactures are now shipped by the car load to nearly ever}' western and southern State. Everything would seem to indicate

Post Master

The Pump Factory of F. B. Stearns & Co., is another of the industrial enterprises of Rushville, worthy of especial mention. Mr. Stearns has been engaged in the pump business for several years, and the increasing volume of his business has necessitated his removal to his present commodious quarters. Here he has plenty of room for his plant for the manufacture of wooden pumps, wooden force pumps, chain pumps, wind mills, power wind engines, water tanks, etc. He gives employment to a number of workmen, and is steadily increasing the business to meet the increasing demand for his manufactures. His goods are shipped to various points in the western States.

Schrichte's Marble Works is another of the industries of Rushville that deserves notice. It has been established for many years, and has supphed the demands of a rich and prosperous community for tasteful and beautiful monuments to perpetuate the memory of our loved and unforgotten dead. Perhaps there is no safer criterion of the culture and refinement of the community than is found in their cemeteries, and assummg this as a test, no one can visit East Hill Cemetery without being impressed by the evidence of the loving care of surviving relatives and the artistic sculptural skill of J. B. Schrichte, as displayed in the many beautiful monuments.

Banks* - The Rushville branch of the Bank of the State of Indiana began business on the ist day of January, 1S57, in the room adjoining Odd Fellows' building on the west, with a capital stock of $100,000. Its officers were: George Hibben, President: W. C. McReynolds, Cashier, and Joseph M. Oglesb}', Teller. It was the first regularl}^ organized bank in Rush County. The first Board of Directors consisted of William B. Flinn, William B. Maddux, David M. Stewart, Hamilton Miller and George Hibben. James B. Cook and Joseph Hamilton were Directors on the part of the State. The deposits on June 30, 1S5S, were $19,910, discounted paper, $248,411. The bank did a prosperous business, and in 1S59, erected the building now occupied bv the Rushville National Bank, and mo^-ed into the same about Januarv, 1S61. On November 7th, 1S63, McReynolds, Cashier, resigned, and Joseph JNI. Oglesbv was appointed to fill the vacancy. George Hibben also resigned, and D. M. Stewart was elected President. On the 5th of Januar}-, 1864, at the annual election, Mr. George C. Clark was elected President, and Joseph M. Oglesby, Cashier. In consequence of the taxation of all State Bank notes paid out, ten per cent., the

*This account of the banks was received too late for insertion in its proper place. As it was written by Mr. Clark, it is undoubtedly correct.

Rushville National Bank was organized by the stockholders of the Branch Bank with some others, on the 22nd of Februar_y, 1865, which purchased the Branch Bank building and opened business therein September i, 1865, capital stock $100,000. The charter expired in 1885, and was reorganized immediately, with the same officers, Joseph M. Oglesby having resigned and his place been supplied with Edwin Payne, January i, 1870. G. C. Clark has been President of the Branch and National Bank consecutively since January 5, 1864, and Edwin Payne, Cashier, since January' i, 1870. The charter of the Branch Bank was preserved and it continued to do some business until INIarch, 1875, when the Bank of the State of Indiana was finalh' closed.

The Rush County Banking Company, a private bank, was organized with a capital stock of $100,000, in the j^ear 1865. Leonidas Sexton, President and James S. Lakin, Cashier.

The company- wound up and organized the Rush County National Bank, August 21, 1871. Capital stock, $100,000. Jacob H. Oglesby, President and James S. Lakin, Cashier - Oliver Posey became President, James S. Lakin, Cashier - John Megee served as Cashier from 1872 to 1882. Leonidas Link became President January, 1886, and E. D. Pugh, Cashier, who continued to ser\-e as such. Not one of the banks has ever had any financialtroubles or defalcations.

Carthtior. - In general intelligence, financial thrift, and morality of the people, Carthage is not surpassed by any to\\n of its size in the State. There are few towns in the countr}" that ha\'e not had the special advantages due to railroad facilities, that can boast of such growth and commercial importance, being the second in size in the county. The town which is located on the east bank of Big Blue River, Section 19, Ripley Township, was laid out by John Clark and Henry Henley, August 18, 1834. The original plat contained thirty-two lots, but in July, 1838, Clark's addition of thirty-two lots was made, and in April of the following year Clark and Henle\''s addition of sixteen lots was laid out. Other important additions are Charles Henley's, September 15, 1848, Henry Henley's, October II, i860, and Henle}' and Clark's second addition, August 12, 1864.

Soon after the treat}' of St. Marj-'s was ratified in iSiS, which provided that after three 3'ears all the land now contained within Rush County should be open to settlers, Joseph Henley, accompanied by other North Carolinians came to Rush County, and se- lected the land in and around Carthage, and directed their agent, Robert Hill, of Richmond, Ind., to bu}- as soon as the land was put on the market. Hill himself bought the land upon which the town is located, and in the year 1826 or '27 built a saw mill, and a little later a grist mill. These mills were built on the river near the site of the present mill and were run by water power. This was the first building. A small log cabin was built near the mill, in which Bryan Hill, son of Robert, and his employes lived. It is said upon what is believed to be good authority, that the first famih' was that of Onid Pellijohn who moved into the cabin above referred to for the purpose of boarding the men employed in the mills. The first store was kept by Benjamin Hill in a small hut. The stock consisted of but a few of the most staple articles of merchandise. This stock, which was probably opened as early as 182S, was sold to Eli Stratton and son Joseph, who were the second merchants of the place. Hill & Henle}-, a few years later, built a frame store house on Main Street, near the present site of the graded school building. This house was destroyed by fire in 1849 or '50. L. & F. Hill became the successors of Stratton & Son, and continued in the old store room which stood on the lot now occupied by Johnson Bros.' large dry goods house. In 1839, Jabez Henley, Jason Williams and George Evans built a large and commodious business house where Gwynne's block now stands. John Sears and Isaac Nelson were earh' blacksmiths, and George W. Pierce probably the first wagon maker. Henry Henlev was the first Postmaster.

The town had increased in population and business importance but little until the completion 'of the Shelbvville & Wrightstown raihoad, in about 1848. This gave a new impetus to the town for a short time, but from lack of sufficient patronage the road was abandoned in a few years. But notwithstanding this lack of shipping facilities the growth has been health}' and gradual, until they now claim a population of 1,000 inhabitants.

B. White, Caleb A. Ball, Isaac Stewart, Levi Lauback, and J. T. Draper, charter members. Those initiated into the mysteries at the first meeting were: W. S. Hill, G. W. Love, Benjamin Faust, W. Hobbs, J. C. Campbell, D. Holt, W. S. Johnson, Noah Small,

C. W. Overman, G. W. Sonders, W. A. Bodine, George Wiltse, T. P. Burch, J. G. Holt, W. L. Walker, Elisha Munden, William Sanders, J. Leisure and Samuel Harvey. The first officers were: Isaac Stewart, N. G.; Levi Laubach, V. G. ; D. Holt, Cor. Sec; C. W. Overman, P. Sec; J. T. Draper, Warden; George Wiltse, Conductor: W. S. Hill, I. G.; Noah Small, O. G. There are at present about eighteen members. The present officers are J. H. Hill, N. G.; T. R. Wetherel, V. G.; John Street, Sec. The lodge has about $Soo in property and money.

Bank of Carthao'c. - Among the influential financial institutions of this section of Indiana, the Bank of Carthage deserves mention because it is one of the most prosperous, solid and ably managed. This institution was organized in the fall of 1S75, and occupies its own building, which was completed soon after the organization. The directors were: Charles Henlev, William P. Henle\', Thomas Newby, S. B. Hifi, and Theodore Morris. The bank was organized with an authorized capital stock of $100,000. The first othcers who are still serving, are : Charles Henlev, President, and Samuel B. Hill, Cashier. A general banking business is transacted in loans, deposits, discounts, collections and exchange. The standing of the institution is evidenced bv the large annual deposits, amounting to about $90,000. The discount business amounts to about $125,000.

Present Business. - One of the principal industries of the place is the woolen mill which was first established is 1S50. It has since been rebuilt but is not operated at present. The flouring mill owned by Holt & Rider is one of the best equipped mills in the State. Their business is quite extensive and their shipments verv large. The pump factory owned by Hill & Bundy was built in 1S56, by Hill & Small. Mr. Small, of the firm, claims to been the owner and operator of the first portable engine built in America. Hill Bros, are manufacturers of wagons, and Sylvester Talbert and William Shafer, blacksmiths. Merchants and other business firms are as follows : Morton Barber, Levi Binford, E. T. Coflin, Johnson Bros., William Johnson, William Dayy, J. L. Hubbard, Willculls Bros., E. S. Cottin, Hill & Cook, Airs. Nona Newsom, Logan Stinger, E. N. Hill, Miss M. E. Hill, Joseph Hubbard, B. F. Mc- Carly, J. Toderj- and W. Minor. H. C. Phelps is proprietor of the Carthage Hotel.

The Natural Gas Company with a capital stock of $5,000 was organized in September, 18S7, and at once began prospecting. A well which was drilled to a depth of S30 feet now supplies gas to answer all the purposes of the town.

Societx of Friends (or Quakers). - The pioneer of this society in Rush County was Dayton Holloway, who cut out the road from some point east of Knightstoun down the east side of Big Blue- River to the vicinity of where Carthage now is; he moved there in 1S21. Thomas Hill, and Tamar Hill, his wife, came six weeks later, a short time after the establishment of " Indiana Yearlj^ Meeting," at Richmond, the head organization of this society.

Nathan Hill and Robert White came early in 1S22, and then Jonathan Hill. The first "Friends' Meeting" was held in the summer of 1822, at the house of Nathan Hill, attended by the "heads" of four families, with three or four children. The next year Benjamin Cox, Jonathan Jessup, John Hill, and perhaps Pearson Lac}' came: in 1S26, Jesse Hill came. Dayton Holloway was disowned b}' the society because he accepted the office of Justice of the Peace.

Milton Hill, son of Thomas and Tamar Hill, was the first child born, viz., 1822. About 1S23, a small log meeting house was built south of the present Walnut Ridge Meeting House, in which meetings for w'orship and business were regularly held. Benjamin Hill, from Richmond, Ind., built a saw mill at the point on Big Blue River, where Carthage mills now are, in 1826, and a flouring grist mill in 182S, his father, Robert Hill, was the owner. This grist mill, known as Hill's Mills, supplied by the never failing waters of Big Blue River, ground the corn and wheat for a large territorj' in pioneer times. Henry Henley came in 1828, and John Clark about 1832. They laid off and platted the tow^n of Carthage in northeast corner of northwest quarter of Section 19, Town 13, Range 8, 1 8th August, 1834, and John Clark for some years owned Hill's Mills. Walnut Ridge Monthly Meeting was established tlie i6th of January-, 1836, from Duck Creek Monthly, and White Water Quarterly Meeting. The number of members then was 447, including children, sixt}' of this number then lived at Little Blue River, some ten miles south. In March, 1836, a meeting was granted at the latter place, and a preparation meeting January, 1842, and a monthly meeting in 1866 under the name of Carthage, and so continued until 1884, when Little Blue River Monthl}- Meeting was established. Statistics of 1887 show 170 members. Franklin Barnard taught the first school at the meeting house. John Kinley, from Wayne Count}', preached the first sermon. The first settlers were : Moses Coffin, Thomas Macy, Thomas Swain, William Worth, Zaccheus Stanton, Asa Barnard. Soon after, in 1835, William Barnard and Hezekiah Clark came, and then John Barnard, Reuben Macv and George Swain.

J//7rov. - Situated near the southern boundary of the county, and almost at the geographical center of Anderson Township, is the village of Milroy. In the midst of an extensi\'e district that is unsurpassed for the fertility of its soil and surrounded b}" large farms, the owners of which have grown rich and prosperous, Milroy has become the center of trade for a large community, and has attained promment rank in commercial matters among the towns of the count}'. Occup^-ing, as it does, a commanding site on the bank of Little Flat Rock River, and encompassed by a region of

The first recorded history of the place begins with the year 1830, when Nathan Julian and Nathan Tomkins laid out the town and offered the lots for sale. Before that time the settlers of this localitv had been doing most of their trading at Benson's in Decatur Count}-. William J. Brown kept a small stock of goods about one mile south of the present site of Milroy, before the town was laid out. That was at a place known in the early times as Miller's Mills. In the southwest part of the township John Julian did a huckstering business about 1S28. Wilson Stewart had also started a small store prior to those in Milroy, a short distance west of the town, in a log house that is still standing. But when the stores were started in Milroy, these straggling places of trade were soon abandoned.

The first merchant in the town was Nathan Julian, who continued a general merchandising business for a period of about five years. His successor was Thomas J. Larimore, who afterward took in his son-in-law, John Corbin, as a partner, and later, Harvy Hedrick. Others who have been in almost a direct fine of succession were: Seneca E. Smith, Richard Robbins, Samuel Green and George B. Elstun, Reuben Johnson, John L. Robinson, Aaron Vankirk, James Cox, Alexander & Thorne. Other stores have been kept bj^ Wesley Morrow, Alonzo Swain, Frank F. Swain, Joel F. Smith, John Barton, William Burton & Son, George B. Elstun. The principal merchants at the present time are: Robert Dorste, Simon Pink, Joel F. Smith, N. E. Tomkins, William C. Barton, Edwin Innis, W. A. Blair, Mormon lS: Moster, John Thurston.

Nothing was of more importance in an early day to a community than hotels, or taverns, as they were then generally called. Men were passing through the new country almost constant^ in search for good lands on which to found a permanent home. Their impressions of any locality were moulded much in accordance with the hospitality of the people. The pioneer town was the headquarters for all the latest news as to the prospects for new settlers. Every early comer was anxious to have his particular part of the world rapidly settled and usually constituted himself a committee of one to present in the best possible light his own neighborhood to a chance traveler through the country. The first hostelry kept in this portion of the county was by Nathan Tomkins, one of the first proprietors of the town. This place was for many years the leading resort for the transient. Other men, who are remembered in this capacity, were: Hugh Smith, "Nace"

Friend, Wes Morrow, Charles W. Gwinnup, Andrew Bartlett and Donald Stewart. The present landlords are : Nathan Tomkins and Henry Spradling. The former is a son of the first hotel keeper of the town.

In the pioneer da3-s of Indiana the physician was an indispensable factor in every communitJ^ No single individual had more influence within the range of his acquaintance, or was looked up to with deeper awe than the " family doctor." The first to fill this important role at Milroj^ was Robert Scott. Since his time there have been the following: Doctors Barber, Reynolds, Robb, Bracken, Bussell, Nathan Tomkins, Robert Innis, and the present physicians, Samuel Thomas and Samuel Rile}'.

The first mill erected in this part of tlie county was kept bv Gossett & Miller. It began .operations late in the twenties, and after changing hands several times, it was abandoned about iS45' The motive power was supplied by the water of Little Flat Rock, which flows near the town of Milro}'. The second mill was built by Thomas J. Larimore about 1S32. From that time to this there has been a mill in almost constant operation at the same site. The present owner is J. G. Bickhart. It is a first-class mill fitted up with roller process machinery, and provided with both steam and water power. In 1865, or thereabouts, a steam grist mill was erected by Mount & Powers, but it did not continue long. A saw mill is at present operated at the town by i\ustin K. Smith.

When the railroad was completed through Milro}', there was but little time elapsed before the town entered into competition with the larger places in buying grain. A large elevator was erected bj' Elstun, Emert & Fole}-. Charles B. Riley afterward became owner, and he was succeeded by Brown & Root, the present proprietors. The railroad was finished through the place in the fall of 1 88 1.

The blacksmiths have been: Samuel McGinnis, James Tooley, Mcllwain & Bell, William McGinnis, Newton Riche}^ Christian Sack, Height, John Jackman, William Innis, Jacob Lemasters, Josephus Henderson, Thomas Van Camp, Solomon R. Smith, Charles Gwinnup and Mason Maxy. The carriage makers are : Fisk & Innis, James & Frank Richey.

In secret societies, Milroy is represented by two, the Masonic and the Grand Army of the Republic. Milroy Lodge No. 139, F. & A. M., was chartered May 27, 1852. The officers at that time were: Wilham W. Riley, W.M.; G. W. Marsh, S. W., and William Bracken, J. W. This lodge has always maintained a good membership, and its finances have been economically administered. It nqw owns its lodge room, the third story of the school house, and

F. F. Swain Post No. 456, G. A. R., was organized at Milroy in the spring of 1SS6, with about eighteen members, and W. A. Blair, Post Commander. The present officers are : Thomas Foley, Commander: W. A. Blair, S. V. C; S. R. Smith, J. V. C; Joseph E. Taylor, Chaplain; Robert Dorste, Adjutant, and C. C. Thomas, Q. iVI. At this time there are about fort3"-five members, and the finances are in first-rate condition. The post is in good working order.

The first newspaper published in Milroy was known as the Ai/- ve/'f/ser. It was started early in 1S82, and was of but little importance. The owner was C. F. Pollitt, who in the fall of the same year changed the name to the Times. In January, 1S87, the paper passed into the control of Mr. G. W. Rowe, who has successfullj^ managed it to the present time. In Jul}, 18S7, he changed the name to the jMilroy jVezvs. It is a five column folio, has a good patronage and is a flourishing country newspaper. In politics, it is independent. The interests of Milroy are faithfully advocated and the paper is rapidh" gaining influence as a precursor of public opinion.

The natural gas excitement which has so largely prevailed throughout portions of Indiana and Ohio during the past two years has had its reflex in Milro3% During the summer of 1887 a number of the leading citizens, believing that Milro}' was situated within the " gas belt," took steps toward definitely settling the matter. The result was a well about 1,000 feet deep from which there is a strong flow of gas. Modern improvement has done nothing more beneficial for the poor than that which introduces natural gas to the homes as a fuel. The town is being piped and all the latest appliances are being introduced for the safe use of this subtile element of economy.

Situated as Milroy thus is in the heart of a prosperous community and favored by nature beyond the neighboring towns, the future of the place is full of promise. There are here man}' persons who located in the vicinity when this was an advance post of civilization on the western frontier. Year after year they have watched the constant change which their industry and enterprise have so largely contributed to bring about and of them it may well be said,

Manilla is the third town ip commercial importance in the county, is located in Walker Township, on the line of the Cambridge division of the J., M. & I. Railroad. The town was originally laid out Januar3^4, 1S36, by Elias Murph}', Jonathan Murph}-, Jacob Mull and J. Edward. The first plat consisted of twentj'-eight lots. The town was given the 'name of Wilmington, in honor of the birthplace of many of the North Carolinians, who located in and around the village. William Wells, it is claimed by some, was the first resident. The first house was a small log cabin built of round logs and was located on the present site of the residence of Dr. Trees. The first merchant was Jacob Mull, to whose enterprise and public spirit does the town owe much. This store was kept in a small house that stood on the hill near where the King Wouse now stands. The stock consisted of all kinds of merchantable goods, among which one of the most staple articles was whisk}-. It is said that in those days it was seldom taken as a beverage, but its medical properties were universally conceded.

The date of the opening of the first store is not definitely known, but it is supposed to have been earty in the thirties. In 1S35, Mr. Mull sold his stock of goods and began farming, but in the followmg year returned and built near the present residence of Dr. Trees. A few years later in partnership with Dr. J. W. Trees the store house now occupied by Mr. Stein was completed. In 1S37, Riley & Frame embarked in the mercantile business, and in the spring of 1843, a man by the name of Woodfolk began a business career which lasted for many years. In 1848, a saw mill was located here for the purpose of furnishing the necessary lumber for the construction of the Shelbyville & Rushville Railroad. This road was completed to Manilla in 1850, the first train running to Manilla, JuU^ 4, of said year. To the success of this enterprise, Dr. James Trees contributed more than anj- other citizen of Rush Count}'. The first grist mill was built in 1S60. This was succeeded a few years later by a large and well-equipped flouring mill built b}' James Fouch. This mill was destroyed by fire in 18S2. In 1841, a tannerj- was established and for several years supplied the demand of the neighborhood for leather.

Manufactories are as follows: William Creed, wagons, buggies and road carts; Barnum, Mohler & Mull, heading factor}-, formerly owned b}- the Co-operative Manufactory Company; James Smart, carriage and general blacksmith shop; Edward Edwards, blacksmith; Frank Melser, saw mill. One of the most important enterprises of the town is that carried on by Cyrus E. Trees. He is the proprietor of a large elevator, by means of which he handles annually

Present Merchants: John Grass, general merchandise; Charles Taylor, groceries; Robert Craig, drugs; Jasper Vancleve, groceries; F. E. Haehl, hardware; W. T. Emmons, general merchandise; E. S. Jarrett, drugs and groceries; Hiram Stein, dry goods, groceries and notions; Jriarvey Cowing, harness; Jasper Heolr, hotel and meat market; Marshall Fleaton, bakery; R. T. Stewart, hotel and liyer}'; Jacob Siers and Joseph Shook, shoe makers.

Among the more prominent physicians who haye practiced here the following deserye mention: John Westerfield, J. W. Houston, James W. Trees, Dr. Ramey, Dr. Armstrong, J. J. Inlow, J. Spurrier, Ephraim Spencer, Edward Barnum and L. A. Louden.

Ei|uity Lodge No. 565, F. & A. M., commenced work under a dispensation granted by the Grand Master, in 18S1. This lodge ^vas the outgrowth of Manilla Lodge, No. 34, which was instituted about 1865, with G. M. Collins, W. M.; D. Linnyille, S. W.; Thomas True, J. W., and J. W. Parker, Secretary. This lodge, after seyeral years, surrendered their charter, but was reorganized under the aboye. The new lodge has a membership of twentyeight and own their own building, \vhich is probably worth $1,500. The present officers are:W. F. Robertson, W. M.: F. A. Mull, S. W.; Wilham C. Mull, J. W.; L. A. Louden, S. D.: John Rice, J. D.; James Smart, Secretary, and Arthur G. Gates, Treasurer. '

Arlington^ formerly Burlington, was laid out April 12, 1832, by James Collins and Leyin Birt. To the original plat three important additions were soon made, yiz. : that of Fletcher Teyis, 1836; C. C. Lee, 1854, and J. W. Green. The hrst store was started by Joseph Hamilton; Leyin Birt was the tirst Justice of the Peace; the first blacksmith shop was by Peter Sapp. Leyin Birt was probably the second merchant. A grocery store was kept at a A'ery earh' day by Henry Birt, who was also the first Postmaster. A few' years later Leyin Birt built a carding machine near the present site of the Christian Church. To this burrs were attached, and corn sufficient to supply the settlement with meal was ground. In this mill one of the tirst casualties of the settlement occurred: Addison Veeder, a boy of about fifteen years, a stepson of the proprietor, while playing around the machiner}- was caught by the wheels and instantty choked to death. In an early day Jefferson Arnett built a tannery a short distance west of where Jacob Beckner's residence now stands. Near this he opened a store and sold goods for a short time. Robert Ford, a harness maker, may be classed among the pioneers of Arlington. The following are engaged in business at the present time : A. Gej-er, groceries, boots and shoes; Heniy Magur, general store; Owen L. Carr, hardware: G. Spurrier, drugs; William Dickenson, drugs; R. H. Moore, general store; Shepard & Osborne, saw mill; Beckner & Ball, planing mill; Conawa}' & Meredith, general store; Thomas Tavlor, blacksmith ; Gust & Tom Smith, carriages ; Mr. Frederick, blacksmith; Henry Smith, shoe shop; Downe}' & Andrews, meat market; Barton & Kingcaid, livery and feed stable; Elizabeth Havens, tavern; Robert Hutchinson, grain dealer, and Jacob Beckner, elevator. Beech Grove Lodge No. 399, I. O. O. F., was instituted at this place, June 25, 1872. The charter members were: George W. Clark, Alfred Swain^ O. C. Hackleman, J. T. Draper and A. Geyer. It was due to the interest taken by Mr. Geyer that the lodge was established at that time. The first officers were; George W. Clark, N. G.: A. Gever, V. G.; Alfred Swain, Sec, and O. C. Hackleman, Treas. What is known as Odd Fellows' building is the property of the lodge, and is worth probably $1,200. The present officers are : W. F. Spradling, N. G. ; E. Frank, V. G. ; L. J. B. Thompson, Sec; Robert Hutchinson, Treas.; Owen Carr, Representative, and A. Gever, Deputv Grand Master. The present membership is thirtj'-five.

A^ezi' Salciii. - The first house on the present site of New Salem, was a rude log hut, built early in the twenties bv Moses Thompson, who, in February, 1831, had the town platted and laid off into twent}- lots. Dr. Anthonv was the second inhabitant. Soon after the coming of Dr. Anthon}'^ Reuben Runion built a blacksmith shop, and Israel Knapp, a wagon maker, scon followed.

It is said by those best acquainted with the early history, that Thomas J. Larimore was the first merchant. He kept a small general stock. Jameson & Salla soon followed in the same line, but dealt more extensively. Among the later merchants, the following were prominent: Robinson & Miller, Richardson & Marsh, Andrew & George Griffin, Wallace D. George, and Brown & Willman.

One of the first enterprises of importance to the town was a steam saw and grist mill, built in iS59or i860 by Nathaniel Moore. This mill was moved to Rushville in 1866. A saw mill was built in the western suburbs of the town a few 3'ears later. This mill stood until 1885, when it was destroyed by a C5'clone. The present merchants are : Miller & Morris, and A. P. Wellman ; saddler}- and harness, Charles Cowing; blacksmith, W. H. O. Goldsmith; wagon shop, John Huffman; lime kiln, John Gearhardt. The town has a population of about 160 souls.

Town'S

The town, which was laid out June 23, 18S2, b}' Jefferson Hehn, Samuel S. Durbon and John Morris, was called Vienna, the postoffice for a time called Steels, in honor of the first Postmaster. The first merchant was Alfred Thompson. His store house was a rudely constructed log and frame building that stood west of the present site of the Methodist Episcopal Church, on the present site of Ochiltree's planing mill, the two brothers of Alfred Thompson, Thomas and Henry S., built a blacksmith and wagon repair shop. The first tavern was kept by Mr. Steel, first Postmaster. This was located on the line of the old Rushville and Connersville State road.

Among the early settlers, in addition to those above named, were: John Gatterell, Moses Wiley, wagon makers; Gideon Klink, saddler; John Jack, merchant; Jonathan Woodcock, plasterer; Samuel Boden, carpenter; John Langley, merchant and preacher; Robert Johnson, preacher and tailor; George Kirk, saloon: G. Clawson, shoemaker, and Thomas Smiley, Joseph Clifford, Ward Williams and a Mr. Messick, Thomas Ochiltree and Henr}^ Cline. Jefferson Helm was the first physician, and John Arnold was the second.

The principal business of the present by the following individuals and firms: Jesse Murphj^, dry goods and groceries; Taylor & Crawford, hardware; Sisson & Chew, hardware; James Stiltz, groceries; Bert Combs, dry goods; H. W. Nichols, saw mill and lumber yard; C. H. Alger, grist and saw mill; James Reed and Jonathan Banks, blacksmiths, and Thomas Ochiltree, planing mill. Drs. Elliott and Orr are at present the only representatives of the medical profession.

Fahuoiith. - Although Falmouth was not laid out and platted until Jul}', 1832, it had been for several years prior to that time, a business point of no small pretensions, and having considerable neighborhood trade. The original town was located for the most part in Fa3-ette County, and that portion lying in said county was laid out probably as early as 1S24. It is now believed, although disputed by some, that David Drummond was the first merchant. The building was small and primitive in its construction. About the year 1825, several Kentuckians came and settled in and around Falmouth, prominent among whom were John David and Daniel Baker. Joseph Piper was also an early settler of the town.

The proprietors of that portion of the town lying in Rush County, were James Patterson and Patrick McCame. The lots were numbered from one to nine to which Shawhan addition was made in August, 1S67. So small a portion of the town lies within

Raleigh is a flourishing little village of perhaps 150 people, located near the geographical center of Washington Township. The first house built on the present site, was by William McCan, Sr. In this house which was a frame of small dimensions, Benjamin Chfford placed a stock of general merchandise, and in about 1 841, began selling goods. In a short time he was succeeded by William McCan. William Turner was the first blacksmith. The town was at first known as McCan's, and so continued to be known until 1845, when William Beard began the sale of lots and named the town Newburn. November 7, 1847, at the instance of William Beard and Sarah Irvin, the town was platted and laid off into twentv-three lots, and recorded under the name of Raleigh. The postoffice which was established probabl}' as early as 1S43, was named McCan's, but has since been changed to the same name as the town.

The town from a commercial view has been of little importance, supplying only the demands of the immediate neighborhood. The present business of the town is as follows : B. F. Martin, general store; William Beard & Son, groceries and queensware; D. P. Saul, groceries; John S. Bailc}', drugs; McEntee Bros, and Hopper & Bales, blacksmiths; J. W. Hen-in, wagon shop; and J. R. McCan, harness. The practicing ph3'sicians are Drs. Axline and Ross. One of the most important business enterprises is the steam saw inill owned and operated b}' Fry & Aikins.