Vanderburgh County, Indiana - Chapter 13, 1889 (part 1 of 3)

Chapter 13

HE recording of the history of nations and communities can not be divorced from the narration of personal achievement. The later school of historians has wisely discarded the ancient formulas and neglected the records of potentates who may have been but the figureheads of their reigns, or gilded drift-wood in the currents of events; but in the commonwealth of the new world, and in great municipalities like that of Evansville, those who have become conspicuous are so by virtue of their own deeds, and having influenced and directed the evolution of the present civilization, deserve mention in any account of it. Indeed, an}- attempt at presenting the history of such a count}' as Vanderburgh, and such a city as Evansville, would be incomplete without a narration of the lives of some of the prominent inhabitants. Already in the course of this work the careers of men who have been factors in the progress of the county and cit}^ have been described in connection with the accounts of those lines of effort to which they were most closely allied. There remain, however, many more not yet mentioned, or only incidentally referred to, and to brief accounts of some of these, this chapter is devoted.

David J. Mackey. - It is a well-worn observation that "labor conquers all things," but occasionally there is a man whose splendid activities give the old. proverb a new luster and fresh significance. Notable among Evansville's workers there is one such man, of whom this work would be incomplete without some mention. To give it is, however, a task of some difficultv and delicacy, as in the character of David J. Mackey, to his capacity for making history is added a notable distaste for public notice and a modest slirinking from any form of contemporaneous fame. For what is said of him here this work is indebted to a brief sketch published recently in the Evening Tribune, without his knowledge, and the excellent engraving reproduced here is from a family picture in the possession of his nephew, F. M. Gilbert, of that paper. Mr. Mackey is tersely and accurately described as " Evansville's most public-spirited citizen." He is the most prominent railway owner and manager in the state. He is president of, and owns a large interest in, the Evansville & Terre Haute, Evansville & Indianapolis, and Peoria, Decatur & Evansville railroads, the branch road to Mt. Vernon, the Belt road, and is a prime mover in the Evansville & Richmond road, and has recently acquired still more extensive railroad properties. It is well nigh impossible to enumerate his interests in and about the cit}-, whicii he has grown up with from bovhood, with continual opportunities offered for the exercise of his rare business talent. There are few extensive manufacturing plants which have not his aid. He owns a principal interest in the great cotton mills at Independence. He built the St. George hotel, possesses large coal mining interests, extensive shares in the mills at Mt. Vernon, is a partner in the great wholesale boot and shoe house of Dixon, Mackey & Co., is the principal owner of the magnificent new dry goods building of Mackey, Nisbet & Co., and is building a large house for the Armstroncj Furniture Co. He has aided magnificently the new building of the Business Men's Association.

David James Mackey was born in this city, December, 1S33, the only son of James E. and Eliza Mackey. His father, a man of little means, and liberal with what store he had, helping others, without thought of himself, died in 1834, David J. being then but eleven months old. His mother was left practically without resources, and as soon as he was old enough, instead of going to school, he began to earn a small salary for her assistance, in the general store of Robert Barnes. His salary gradually increased until he finally received a share of the profits in addition to his salar\', and most of the business was left in his hands. In 1857 he became the junior partner in the firm of Archer & Mackey, wholesale dealers in dry goods. A few years later, August 28, 1861, he married Caroline, the youngest daughter of the late John Law. Two of heir children are living, James Law Mackey and Anne Newell Mackey. In 1864 Mr. Archer retired from the firm in which Mr. Mackey was interested, and Mr. Hennmg came in, making the firm name Mackey, Henning & Co. Afterward Mr. Mackey was alone for a time, until he was associated with the late W. F. Nisbet, with the firm style of Mackey, Nisbet & Co., which is still used by this house, which does a business in dry goods unexcelled in the state. Mr. Mackey's wonderful energy and endurance were first fully manifested when he engaged in the wholesale trade. First at the store in the morning and last to go at night, he was most happy when filling orders, and would enthusiastically add to his mental duties an amount of muscular effort that would discourage a porter. Genius has been defined as industry, and Mr. Mackey's career certainly proves that it is at least true that genius is inseparably connected with rare powers of application. Even in his later years he takes breakfast at six, and earlier in the summer, and works hard the entire day. He may be seen going to his otBce at the time when most people are thinking of rising. Himself a great leader in business affairs, he evidently joins with those great generals who believed that the man who succeeds is he who gets into action first. Of simple habits, never tasting liquor or using tobacco, he does not know ill health, and possesses a rugged constitution. In politics he is disposed to be generous of the opinions of others, and though he is an earnest republican, and believes in the principles of his party, he has faith in the patriotism of all his fellow-citizens. To the industrious and deserving he is generous and openhanded, but as might be expected from those traits of character which have been spoken of, he has no time to waste upon idlers. There is about him no affectation or magnificence, or desire to impress his fellows with his ability to Hve without continual and patient exertion. In all the avenues of honest effort in which he is interested, he leads in the toil, knowing that example is more effective than command. The life-work of every man must be in a large degree of personal aggrandizement, for hope of personal success is the most powerful motor in the activities of business life; but where the exertions of a man are in such broad fields as have been those of Mr. Mackey, where he has shown himself so ready to aid in every effort which increases the avenues of general industry, where every new venture gives work and happiness to hundreds of men, then however much the efforts of such a man may accrue to his own well-being, he must also be considered as a great benefactor. Erastus p. Huston, the popular manager of the St. George hotel, is a native of Ohio, born in Miami count}-, February i8, 1852. His father, David Huston, is still living, and is a resident of Illinois. The mother, whose maiden name was Susan Darst, died February 17, 18S4. In his youth Mr. Huston attended school at Paris, 111., and at the commercial college at Terre Haute. To the latter city he moved at the age of seventeen, and engaged in the hotel business, which has been his life occupation; wisely chosen, let it be said, as thousands who have enjoyed his hospitality will unhesitatingly pronounce. Two years after engaging in this business he was manager of the Terre Haute house, and remained there until 1873, when he came to Evansville, and became connected with D. J. Macke}- in the conducting of the St. George hotel. The firm name of the proprietorship is Mackey & Huston, but the entire management is in his hands. The demands of such a position are exacting, and none but a man of the highest talent adapted to this vocation could fill the place with such entire satisfaction to the public; but Mr. Huston, as a host or business man, is never found wanting. He is a distinguished member of the F. & A. M., La Valette commandery. No. 15, Knights Templar, and is past eminent commander. He is also a prominent member of the Grace Presbyterian church, having been an elder in this denomination at the age of nineteen years.

Hon. Thomas B. Byrnes, a native of New Jersey, was born in the city of Newark, August 24, 1844. His father was a native of Ireland and his mother, although a native of the Empire state, was of Irish ancestry. The father died when the subject of this sketch was but five j^ears old, and with his mother he returned to her old home in New York, where the latter remained till her death which occurred in 1873. Mr. Byrnes received his early education and elementary training in the public schools of New York city, which was supplemented bv the completion of a part of the college course of what is now the college of the city of New York, he having left that institution at the close of his sophomore year to enter the extensive business concern of Fatman & Company, tobacco dealers. He remained with this firm in New York until 1862, when he had acquired sufficient knowledge of the business to accept the responsible position of representative of said firm, in the tobacco growing states bordering on the Ohio river, with headquarters at Evansville. He continued in this capacity until 1869, when he embarked in the business for himself. He has since continued in the business and is now one of the extensive buyers of the state. Although prominent in business circles, it is, perhaps, in the field of politics that Mr. Byrnes is most widely known. He was b}- birth and education a believer in the principles of the democratic party, and from the first evinced a lively interest in public affairs, and early became an active worker in the politics of his adopted cit}' and county. He was, however, not long confined to such narrow limits, and soon became an important factor in district and state politics, and so valuable were his services that he was made a member of county, district and state committees, in which capacity he served for manj' years. So well-known and popular had Mr. Byrnes become that, in 1886, he was the unanimous choice of his party for the office of treasurer of state. To receive a nomination for a state office of such responsibility, without a dissenting voice, is a compliment seldom paid by a party to one of its members. . Although he went down in the general defeat of his party, to him belongs the honor of leading his ticket. He was unanimously re-nominnted for the same office in iSSS, but witl\his party again suffered defeat. Mr. Byrnes is possessed of many excellent social qualities, is pleasing in his manners, uniformly kind and courteous, and with his associates genial and companionable.

H. M. SwEETSER, the leading wholesale notion dealer of Evansville, has had a career wonderful in the contrast between its beginning and culmination, and instructive and inspiring to every ambititious youth who believes, as Mr. Sweetser's life indicates, that " there is no such word as fail " in the histor}' of one who courageously devotes himself to steadfast and intelligent endeavor. Born at Hartford, Conn., in 1839, ^'^ parents both died while he was a child, leaving him without resources and dependent upon his own exertions. At the age of nine }"ears he worked upon the farm of his uncle, and attended school in the winters. So he lived until reaching the age of sixteen, when, in 1855, he came to the city of Evansville, accompanying E. S. Alvord. He became a

Jewell & Benjamin, until he became employed b}' Archer & Macke}'. About this time the development of the jobbing trade led to the establishment of more specialized establishments, and in 1862, he started the first wholesale notion house in the city, in connection with W. H. McGar}^ and S. C. Woodson, in the second stor\' of the house later occupied by Nolle, Brinkmeyer & Co., on Main street. Six months later they changed their quarters, and at the end of

' Edwards, bu\-ing out the hrm of Miller & Witt. A year later, Mr. Sweetser became sole proprietor, and did business at the stand they then occupied until Februj ary 9, 1872, when he removed to his elegant and commodious building on first and Sycamore streets, the four floors of which are devoted to the threat business he has built up. In this model establishment the sales immediately increased to a remarkable degree, and the prosperity then began has in no wav diminished to the present time. In spite of the inauspicious beginning of his career, Mr. Sweetser's talents and persistent attention to business have won him fortune and fame, and his achievements have not onlv benetitcd himself, but aided greatly in advancing the prosperitv of the city, for he has carried his trade to remote points, and by selling goods in competition with the greatest cities of the west, has spread the fame of Evansville as a commercial center. In the most enterprising manner he has aided all movements for the good of the city, and has joined to business shrewdness a wide and well-placed generosity. He was one of the original movers toward the building of the St. Louis &

Southeastern railway, and was one of the committee that went over the route to estimate its importance and locate it. He has long been an active stockholder in the Evansville & Cairo Packet company, having been for a number of years its secretary and business manager. He is also a director in the German National bank and the Evansville Street Railwa}' company.

Epiirai.m W. Patrick, agent of the Star Union Freight Line, was born in Saratoga county. New York, June 22, 182S, son of Isaac and Anna (Wt)od worth) Patrick, of Scotch-Irish and English descent respectively, his father being a native of New York. His earl}- mental training was obtained in the schools of his native county. When twent\--two years of age he- left home, and going to Oneida countv. New York, embarked in the business of a general merchant. Three years later he moved to Springlield, Ohio, where he was engaged for some time as a civil engineer. From 1S58 to 1867 he was in the service of the Ohio & Mississippi railroad company, principally as general agent at Vincennes, Ind., and East St. Louis, Ills. Coming to Evansville in 1868, he accepted the position which he now holds. For a time he was connected with the wharf boats and was enjiao'ed in the insurance business, but his chief employment has been in the capacity which he now fills. The social phase of his career has been pre-eminently bright. For many years a Mason, he has obtained an exalted rank in the order. In 1S68 he attained the degrees of templarism. As generalissimo and eminent commander of La Valette commanderv he rendered dignified and honorable service. In the grand commandery of the state of Indiana he was first appointed grand sword bearer, and passing through all the chairs between 1S70 and 1886, in April of the last named j-ear was elected grand commander, which position he occupied with credit to himself and profit to the order. In September, 1S50, he was married to Miss Frances Amelia Ostrander, a native of Saratoga Springs, Saratoga county, N. Y. Of this union rive children have been born: Charles H., Walter J., Wilham H., Mary A. (Mrs. E. O. Hopkins, deceased) and Carrie E. (now Mrs. H. B. Gates, of Indianapolis, Ind.) Mr. Patrick and his wife are members of St. Paul's Episcopal church.

Capt. G. J. Grammer, traffic manager of the Evansville & Terre Haute, Evansville & Indianapolis, and Peoria, Decatur & Evansville railroad companies, was born in Zanesville, Ohio, November 11, 1843. His early education was necessarily meager, being limited to a few years' study in the public schools of his native place. Earlv thrown upon his own resources the strength of his character was developed in the rough experiences common to all men who make their own wa3' in life. He began to maintain himself when but twelve 3'ears of age. His first trip from home was in the summer of 1856, when he went, in a subordinate position, on the steamer " Emma Graham," to Pittsburgh. He then worked on different steamers in the Muskingum river, between Zanesville and Marietta, and Zanesville and Parkersburg, until November, 1S58, at which time he came to Evansville. From 1858 to 1882 he was directlv connected with the river, most of the time between Evansville and Cairo, making various trips as captain in charge of different steamboats to the Cumberland, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas rivers. During the civil war he rendered valuable service to the government, though not as an enlisted soldier. He commanded the sanitary and relief steamer sent to Fort Donelson from this place, and reached there the day after the surrender of the fort to Gen. Grant. When, after the tight at Shiloh, Gov. Morton, his staff, and others, went to the scene of action to relieve distress and care for the disabled, Capt. Grammer was in charge of their steamer. He was also in command of the steamer "Superior" in February, March, and April, 1863, when engaged as a transport, the steamer being the headquarters of Gen. John A. Logan, and the flag-ship of the transportation fleet of the Seventeenth corps during the concentration of Grant's army at Young's Point, La., that invested Vicksburg, and at the time the batteries were run at Vicksburg by Gen. Grant's command, after which the " Superior " was the bearer of the dispatches to the north announcing the successful running of the batteries. In various other ways as a skilled steamboat master he rendered efficient service. In July, 1S72, he was elected a director and superintendent of the Evansville, Cairo & Memphis Packet Co., which position he retained for ten years. In the conduct of the company's affairs his capacity for management and his business qualifications were amply demonstrated. As a result, the position of general freight agent of the Evansville & Terre Haute railroad was offered to him and and accepted. This position he held until 1 886, when appointed traffic manager of the E. & T. H., P. D. & E., E. & I. and Belt Line railroads. In 1S86 he was elected a director in the Evansville & Richmond railroad, and in 1887, president and superintendent of the Evansville, Cairo & Memphis Packet company, which position he still retains. From 1862 until 1882 he was most prominently connected with the river business, always in commanding and prominent positions as captain, director, superintendent or president. He prepared the statistics and data and contributed more than any one i person toward securing the legislation which inaugurated the snag-boat s3-stem and extension of the hghthouse'system to the western rivers, thereby promoting their navigation, and reducing the risks to its present improved condition. As manager of the Mail Packet company between Evansville and Cairo, he orisnated and maintained a svstem of litrhts in the several shoal and dangerous places, which svstem was fully recomized bv the ireneral irovernment by their assuming possession of the same in 1874, which has been fully maintained by it ever since. Throughout his entire career the name of Capt. Grammer has been prominently connected with the commercial interests of this city. His vigor, straightforwardness, and public-spiritedness have made him a valuable citizen. April 22, 1 866, he was married to Miss Irerte Drieter, whose death occurred May 16, 1873. He was married a second time October 17, 1878, when Miss S. A. Nisbet became his wife. Capt. Grammer became a Master Mason in 1868, and throughout his manhood has alliliated with the democratic partv.

Capt. Lee Howell, general freight agent of the St. Louis and Henderson division of the L. & N. R. R., is a native of Lauderdale county, Ala., his parents having settled in that locality in earl}- daN-s, as emigrants from the Carolinas. He was born near Florence, earl\- in the forties. His bo\'hood was passed on his fatlier's farm, in the manner usual to countrv lads in the pioneer era. He went through the routine of farm work, and in the winter seasons, and when the crops were all laid b}-, attended the neighboring country school. When fifteen years of age he entered a large country store as clerk and book-keeper, acting as salesman during the day and keeping the books of the concern at night. He continued at this occupation until the breaking out of the civil war. Enlisting in 1862 in the cavalry service of the confederate army, he served faithfully until the close of the war. His record as a soldier was honorable in all its details. Great fidelity to convictions, and never faltering valor in their support, characterized this epoch in his career. For some time after the war he engaged in steamboating on the Ohio and Tennessee rivers, acting first as chief clerk and, later, as master of various steaniers on those rivers, running between Upper Tennessee river points and Evans- \-ille. While so occupied his acquaintance with those interested in the commerce of this city gradually extended itself, and his popularity, as well as the recognition of his worth as a manager of business interests, grew in proportion. April i, 1872, he entered the service of the Louisville & Nashville railroad compan}-. as contracting agent, and continued in that capacity until 1880, when he was appointed general agent for the company at Evansville. June I, 1882, he was appointed division freight agent of the Henderson division, and on November i, of the same year, was appointed to his present position, with headquarters in this city. His capacity, integrit}' and fidelit}' to trust make him an efficient and valuable officer. As an aggressive, public-spirited citizen, Capt. Howell has done much to advance the general welfare of tEvansville, and has taken a prominent part in he recent awakening among the business men which seeks to develop the great natural resources of the city. He was one of the originators of the Evansville, Newburgh & Suburban railroad, and is prominentl}- connecti;d with ^-arious other enterprises. His candor and congenial manners have made him popular, while sagacity and qualifications have gained him prominence as a useful citizen. He was married to Miss Emma Ottavvay at Tuscumbia, Ala., in

William D. Ewixg, general manager of the Evansville & Terre Haute railroad, of Scotch-Irish descent, is a native of Pennsylvania, born January 16, 1846. He was educated in the common schools of his native place, and commenced to learn the trade of a printer. While so engaged, civil war was begun between the north and the south. In 1861, he enlisted in the regimental band of the Eleventh Pennsylvania reserves, then being but fifteen years of age. One year later he enlisted in the lOO-days' service, and at the expiration of the term was enrolled for an additional six months. His last enlistment was in the Independent Cavalry company, known as J. K. Weever's companv, Penns3-lvania troops, m which he was commissioned first lieutenant at the age of eighteen, and served in that rank until the close of the war. He rendered effective service in the seven days' fight and elsewhere. After the war, he was engaged for a time in the drug business, and as a school teacher in Pennsylvania and Illinois. He commenced his career as a railroad man in 1868 at the bottom round of the ladder. He was first a freight brakeman on the Illinois Central, and then station baggage master at Odin, 111. Later he was station agent for the O. & M. R. R., at Trenton, 111., and in turn, telegraph operator, private secretary to the general superintendent, and fuel ajjent for the same road at Vincennes. Ind. From 1874 'o 1878 he was agent at Vincennes for the E. & T. H. R. R., and through the two succeeding vears was agent at Terre Haute. His promotion as secretarv and treasurer then followed. This office he held four years. From it he was advanced to the general superintendency of the road.

Citizens Of Evansville

In May, 1886, as general manager, he was placed in charge of all lines operated by the Evansville & Terre Haute Co. His capacity, integrity, and thorough familiarit\- with all the details of railroad management, gained by actual experience in nearly- every possible branch of emplo3'ment, give him especial fitness for the responsible position which he holds. Col. Ewing became a resident of Evansville in 1881, since which time his genuine qualities of manliness have attracted to liim manv friends. He is a popular and prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to LaValette commandery of Knights Templar. He is also a member of Farragut Post, G. A. R. In the state militia organizations he holds a high rank. He is colonel of the First Regiment Indiana Legion, and president of the Evansville Light infantrv. He was married in 1865 to Miss Emma Wott, daughter of Judge I. M. Wott. His onl\^ son, John W., is a clerk in the Evansville & Terre Haute railroad oflices. He and his wife are members of Grace Presbyterian church.

E. B. Cooke, auditor of the E. & T. H. and P., D. & E. R. R's, is a recent acquisition to the business circles of this city. He was born at Norwalk, Ohio, May 7, 1862. His boyhood was spent in his native state and in Rhode Island, where he pursued an academic course of study. His father, Allen Cooke, now a resident of Danville, Ills., being a railroad man, the boy drifted into the railroad business at an early atje. Beintr honest and efficient, he rose rapidlv- He began as a station agent when a mere lad, but gave up this employment to enter school. After two years with his books, he entered liie office of his father, then master mechanic of the C. & E. I. R. R. In 1880 he went to Chicago, where he was soon recognized as an expert accountant. At Chicago, Ills., Alexandria, Va., and Washington, D. C, he was prominently connected with the Chicago & Eastern Illinois, Chicago & Western Indiana, the Virginia, Midland & Richmond and Danville railroads. In Januarv, 1887, he became auditor of the E. & T. H. R. R., and three months later of the P., D. &.E. R. R. His discharge of the important duties entrusted to him has been entirely satisfactory. In 1S83 he was married to Miss Jessie M. Anderson, daughter of William B. Anderson, of Danville, Ills. They have one child, Allen B.

Dr. Allen C. Hallock was born on the i6th day of September, 181 1, in Westchester countv, N. Y., and was the son of John and Lydia (ColHns) Hallock, of EngHsh descent. His early j-ears were spent in his native county, but after reaching maturity he removed to New York city, where in the year 1838, he was joined in wedlock to Miss Elizabeth Stoddard. The year before the doctor graduated wilh high honors in the college of pharmacy in that city. Nine years later, in 1846, he left his native state and started westward, settling in Evansville in September of the same year, and entering into business with his brother-in-law, Dr. W. H. P. Stoddard, by establishing the first wholesale drug house i:i this city. No insurance companies had been established here at that time. Dr. Hallock added this important branch to his other business, and havin<r the first agencv here his business increased to such an extent that he disposed of his interest in the drug business to Dr. Stoddard, and then devoted his energies to his insurance business, with his son Walter, up to the time of his death. He held a number of offices of trust in Evansville, among them being township trustee, coroner and councilman. Daring a small-pox epidemic he had charge of the government hospital and served with great ability and fidelity, not losing a single patient. He was a Quaker and his life was as pure and spotless as that of the people of that belief. He was also a prominent spiritualist. He was ever liberal in his views and generous to a fault, often doing acts of benevolence to the poor, in many instances to his own great pecuniary disadvantage. By such acts he endeared himself to those of all stations in pany. He was honorably discharged April 19, X 866, at Ft. Morgan, Ala. On account of a severe wound received in the rear of Vicksburg, he was in hospital for a short time, but otherwise he was always ready for duty with his command. After the war he returned to Missouri, but soon came to Evansville and entered the furniture business. He this city, September 22, 18S6. His was a noble character, and words cannot add to the public estimation in which he was held, or increase the respect with which his memory will ever be cherished by those who knew him.

The firm of L. Puster & Co. occupy a prominent place among the manufacturers of furniture. Organized in December, 1881, it is composed of Louis Puster, John H. Ortmeyer, Herman G. Menke and Leo Kevekordes. Its present buildings were erected in the fall of 1887, those previously occupied having been destro^'ed by fire in September of that vear. The buildings now in use are commodious and well adapted to the purposes which the}' serve. The comture company, and later was with the well-known Armstrong Furniture compan}', where he remained until the formation of the firm of L. Puster & Co. He is a progressive, public-spirited citizen, a member of the Business Men's association and identified with the growth of the cit}'. He is a member of Farragut Post, G. A. R. At Keokuk, Iowa, in 1856, he was married to Hermina Menke, a native of Germany, who died in January, 1862, at the age of twent^'-one years, leaving three children. March 27, 1864, he married Louisa Menke, and to this union four children have been born. John H. Ortmej^er, superintendent of the finishing department and shipping clerk, was born in Evansville, December 20, pan}' employs about 100 men, and manu- j 1852, and is the son of John B. and Helen factures furniture exclusively. An exten- 1 (Meyer) Ortmever. His parents, natives sive business, principally in the south, has been built up by this industrious, pushing concern. Its senior member, Louis Puster, was born in Germanv, Julv 25, 1832, and came to America when eighteen years of age. The five years following his arriyal were spent in St. Louis, Mo., where he learned the trade of a wood-turner. He then spent some time in Keokuk. Iowa, Quincy, Ills., and Cincinnati, Ohio. When the civil war broke out he returned to Missouri, and on July 15, 1861, enlisted in Co. K, Twentyfirst Missouri infantry, as a private. His bravery and efiiciency as a soldier gained him rapid promotion. He soon became first sergeant, and later captain of his comof Germany, came to Evansville in 1848. Seven years later his mother died. His father is still living at an advanced age. John Ortmeyer was reared and educated in this city, and when fifteen years of age began to learn the trade of a cabinet-maker in the employ of the xArmstrong Furniture company. With this company he remained twelve years, and afterward for some time was variously employed in the planing-mills and furniture factories of the city. Since 1881 he has been a partner in the firm ofL . Puster & Company, first as traveling salesman, and during the past five years in the position he now occupies. He was married in 1875 to Wilhelmina

Becker, daughter of John Becker, an early citizen of this city. Of this union five chiklren have been born, four of whom survive. Mr. and Mrs. Ortmever are members of Zion's Evangelical church.

Herman G. Menke, foreman of the cabinet department, was born in Ciermany, December 17, 1847, and is the son of Edward A. and Caroline (Blume) Menke. The family came to America in 185 1 and located in Evansville. Later they went to Quinc}', Ills., thence to Keokuk, Iowa, and afterward to La Grange, Mo. The father, though an old man, when the war began, enlisted in Company K, Twenty-tirst Missouri, infantry, in 1861; was wounded and captured at Shiloh, Tenn.; was parolled and returned to La Grange where he died in 1862. The mother survived her husband sixteen years. In 1865, at Quinc}", Ills., Herman Menke joined the Union army, enlisting in Company A, Sixty-fifth Illinois infantry, and served for about four months. After the war he came to Evansville with his brother-in-law, Mr. Puster, and learned the cabinet-maker's trade at the old Union Furniture company's works. Later he was with S. Meyer & Co., and the Armstrong Furniture Co. He took part in the organization of the firm of L. Puster & Co., and has since been identified with that company- He was married in 1872 to Lizzie Reimer, daughter of John Reimer, a well-known citizen of Evansville. To this union six children have been born, four of whom survive. Mr. and Mrs. Menke are members of the German Methodist Episcopal church.

Leo Kevekordes, foreman of the machinery department, was born in German}-, August 7, 1S49, and came to America when eighteen years of age. He had learned the trade of a cabinet-maker, and locating in Cincinnati, Ohio, spent two years working in that voc ition. In 1869 he came to Evansville and for ten years was employed first at his trade and then as foreman in the furniture factory of Joseph F. Reitz. For two years he was empio\ed at various places in Missouri, Tennessee, and this state. Returning to this city in 1881, he became a member of the tirm of L. Puster & Co., and was at once made foreman of the department now under his charge. He was married in 1875 to Catherine Schrader, daughter of Charles Schrader, a prominent citizen. Mrs. Kevekordes died in December, 1885, leaving four children. He was again married in June, 1886, Louisa Tapper, daughter of E. Weber, saddler, of this city, becoming his wife. To this union one child has been born. Mr. Kevekordes is a member of Orion Lodge, K. of P., and Lessing Lodge, F. & A. M. Joseph R. Sample, local freight agent of the Louisville & Nashville railroad, was born in Jacksonville, Iils.,Februar3- 27, 1848. His father, Charles G.imple, is one of the oldest natives of Jacksonville, 111., having been born there over seventy years ago, and is yet a prominent citizen of Jacksonville. He rendered effective s.irvice to his country in the One Hundred and First regiment, Illinois Infantr}^ volunteers. Joseph Sample w'as reared and educated in the public schools of his native place. Since twenty years of age he has been employed as a telegraph operator, express agent, and in various forms of railroad service at Pekin, lU.s, St. Louis, Mo., Guthrie and Norton ville,Ky., Carmi, Ills., and other places. For two years, from 1S82, he was employed in this city. After a two years' service as station agent at East St. Louis, Ills., he returned to this city, and is now in charge of the yards and freight depot of the Louisville & Nashville railroad. By industry, economy and attention to business he has accumulated some property and earned the favor of all with whom he has been associated. He is a member of the

Personal Mention

K. of P. and K. & L. of H. He was married at Carmi, Ills., in 1877, to Miss Mollie Patrick, to whom two children have been born: Lena Howell and Joseph Earl.

R. E. Graves, manager of Dunn's Commercial agency at Evansville, Ind., was born in Boone county, Ky., February 27, 1855, and is the son of Rev. R. K. and Sarah E. (Mothershead) Graves. The father was born in Boone county, Ky., March 15, 1826, and died September 11, 1877. The mother, a native of Owen county, K)'., born January 3, 1S30, died June 25, 1881. The marriage of Rev. R. K. and Sarah Graves was solemnized May 15, 1849. '^^^ paternal grandfather, Absalom Graves, was a native of Virginia, born September 13, 1791, and the maternal grandfather, Alvin Mothershead, was born January 8, 1789. The paternal greatgrandfather. Rev. Absalom Graves, was born in Culpeper county, Va., November 28, 176S, removed to Kentucky in 1797, settled in Boone county, and was the founder and pastor of the first Baptist church organized at Bullettsburg, in that county. His death occurred August 17, 1826. The ancestors of Mr. Graves for man}- generations were distinguished and prominent people in the localities where they resided. Until about seventeen j'ears of age the immediate subject of mention resided on his father's farm and received his early mental training in the public schools of the county. Later his studies were pursued at Burlington academy at Burlington, Ky., and at Warsaw College, Warsaw, Kv. He taught school in 1872-3 in Kentucky, and then went to Cincinnati, where he was engaged for three years as a traveling salesman. On October 18, 1877, he entered the Cincinnati office of R. G. Dunn & Co. as reporter, and was transferred to Evansville, on January i, 1883, as manager, which position he has since occupied. The skill and uniform fairness with which he has conducted the affairs of the agenc}', have won him a high place in the esteem of the business public. His social position is equally gratifying. In 1877 he joined M3'rtle Lodge, No. 5, Knights of Pythias, at Covington, Ky., and in 1883 identified himself with Orion Lodge, of this city. In the same year he entered the uniform rank, and in June, 1887, was made major of the First Regiment, Indiana Brigade, Uniform Rank, Knights of Pythias. He has been transferred to the same position in the Fifth regiment. He is also a Master Mason, being a member of Reed Lodge, No. 316, of this city, and belongs to La Valette Com - mandery. No. 15, Knights Templar. He has passed all the chairs in Orion Lodge.

R. W. Hardon, traveling freight agent for the L., E. & St. L. and C. & O. railroads, is a native of Boston, Mass., born June i*], 1862. He was educated in the schools of his native city, and at the Technological Institute of Massachusetts, where he graduated in 1883. He first engaged in mming for a year, and later entered the service of a railroad companj', and has since occupied various positions in that branch of business. He first came to Evansville in 1883, and remained but a short time. He again located here in 18S7, and has since occupied the position which he now holds. He is thorough in his business methods and has won, through the character of his conduct, the esteem of railroad men and shippers. Having traveled extensively in this country and abroad, and possessing the polite accomplishments which adorn the polished gentleman, he has been received with favor into the highest social circles of the cit}-.

December 6, 1848. His father, Col. John F. Grill, was a well-known citizen of this place for many 3ears. He was a native of Germany, and in the revolution of 1848 took up arms a<^ainst the king. He rose to the rank of captain and fought valiantly. Upon the success of the crown he was forced to leave his native country, and coming to America, settled in Evansville in the spring of 1849. He was a tanner by trade, and establishing a tannerv in the suburbs of the city, conducted the business successfull}' until the war of 1861. He went out with the Twenty-fourth Indiana infantry as a captain, was promoted to the lieutenant colonelcv of the regiment, because of heroism displa3-ed on the fields of battle, and returned home after achieving an honorable record. He then organized the One Hundred and Forty-third Regiment Indiana infantry, and went to the front as its colonel. He served with distinction until the close of the war, and was mustered out October 15, 1S65. His military career brought him into a close intimacy with with Gens. U. S. Grant, Lew Wallace, and A. P. Hove_v, and everywhere he commanded the respect and confidence of his superiors, as well as the devoted lovaltv and esteem of the officers whom he ranked. Returning to Evansville, he was engaged in merchandising for many years, and accumulated a fair competence. He was an ardent republican, attained an influential position in the party's councils, was several times trustee of Pigeon township, and was recognized as a good officer and valuable citizen. His death, which occurred April 6, iSSo, when he was fifty-six years old, was generally lamented. He was a member of St. John's Presbyterian church, and of the Harugari lodge. Before leaving his native country, he was married to Margaret Kloninger, whose death occurred in this city, April 11, 1886. His famih' comprised six children, all of whom reside in this city, as follows: Edward, Philip F., John F., Minnie, Amelia (now the wife of Councilman F.J. Scholz), and Lizzie.

Edward Grill was reared in this city and educated in its public schools. He graduated in Behm's Commercial College. In 1864, when but fifteen 3-ears of age, he joined the federal army as quartermaster sergeant in the One Hundred and Fortythird Indiana infantrj', and served faithfully until honorabl}- discharged, in October, 1865. For three years, during the administration of Col. Jolin W. Foster as postmaster, he served as a clerk in the city postoffice and then accepted a position as traveling salesman for I. & D. Heiman, wholesale grocers. He was next employed by Col. John Rheinlander, and later by Bement & Seitz, as a salesman of cigars and tobacco, and was so engaged for several years. His experience on the road, his extensive acquaintance, and possession of a good trade, induced him to go into business for himself. In 1S84, in partnership with his brothers, Philip F. and John F., he became a manufacturer and wholesale dealer in cigars and tobacco, the firm being styled Grill Bros. This business has since been successfully conducted. Mr. Grill is public-spirited, and has taken an active part in advancing the welfare of the city. He is a prominent member of the G. A. R., and was instrumental in bringing about the re-union of the Blue and the Gray in this city, in the summer of 18S7, an occurrence which attracted national attention. The part he took in the matter elicited the hearty commendation and praise of many distinguished ofiiccrs. He was married in July, 1877, to Mattie, daughter of Alfred Kirkpatrick, a pioneer citizen of this city, who received a mortal wound while engaged in battle for his country.

Harrison & Harrison. - The manufacture of jeans pants and bags was begun in Evansville ten years ago. At that time the firm of Harrison, Peckenpaugh & Harrison was formed and the work of manufacturing was commenced on a very small scale. The business has increased constantly until now it amounts annually to at least $250,000. The works give employment to about 300 hands, and the capacity is for 2,900 pairs of pants daily. Six j-ears ago ago the original firm was dissolved, and the present firm name is that which heads this paragraph.

Maj. J.\mes B. H.\rrison, senior member of the firm, was born in LaFaj^ette, Christian county, Ky., in 1840. His father, J.J. Harrison, was a native of Virginia, and located in Kentucky, at an early date, where his death occurred about 1S68. His mother was Sarah A. White, also a native of Virginia, who died in 1855. To his parents seven children were born, three of whom survive. James B. was reared in Christian, Trigg and Ohio counties, Ky. He was educated in the subscription schools, securing a good education. In 1861, five days after the firing on Fort Sumter, he enhsted in Compan}^ A, Seventeenth Kentuckj^ infantry, U. S. A., and was made second lieutenant in the same year of his enlistment. On account of ill health he resigned in 1862, after the battle of Pittsburg Landing, and returned to Ohio county. The same year he organized a company for the Twelfth Regiment of Kentucky- cavahy, and was made captain; was elected major of the regiment in 1863, and was in command two and a half years of the regiment's service. The regiment veteranized, and he continued with it, serving altogether four and a half years, and was honorablv discharged at Louisville, Ky. After the war he went to New Albany, Ind., and engaged in the grocery business, and next removed his business to Paducah, Ky., where he remained until 1S66. He then engaged in the river mail service, with his headquarters fixed at Evansville for six years. His attention was next devoted to the manufacture of hominy, meal, grits and bags in Evansville. In 1S7S the firm of Harrison, Peckinpaugh & Harrison was formed for the manufacture of pants and bags. Peckinpaugh was bought out in 1882, and the firm became Harrison & Harrison in that branch, Mr. Ed Harrison being the other member. Mr. Harrison was married in 1881 to Miss Fannie Rudd, daughter of Capt. Rudd, one of the prominent citizens of Evansville. To this union one son and one daughter have been born, as follows: J. B., born April 16, 18S2, and Lucy Rudd, born November 10, 1884. Major Harrison is a member of the G. A. R., and of the Royal Arcanum, and Mrs. Harrison is a member of the C. P. church. Major Harrison has been a progressive, prosperous and public-spirited man. He has not followed in beaten paths, but has established new industries and given employment to manv people. He established the first hominy mill in the city, the first bag factory, and the first star overall factor}'. His executive abiHty, and his untiring energ\- have made his business ventures successful, while the integritv and sjeneral fairness which have characterized his conduct have made him popular with his employes and the business public generally. Ed Harrison, junior member of the firm, was born in San Antonio, Texas, May 31, 1S60, and is the son of Thomas S. and Mary Ann (Peckinpaugh) Harrison. His father was a native of La Favette, Christian county, Ky., where he was born in 1833, and is now a resident of Evansville. His mother was born in Crawford county, Ind., in 1833 and died in 1864. Mr. Harrison was reared in San Antonio, and was educated in that city and Evansville. He came to Evansville in 1877, joined his uncle, Maj. J. B. Harrison, and in 187S became a member of the firm of Harrison, Peckinpaugh & Harrison. He is now a full partner, owning a half interest in the business. He was married in December, 1S80, to Miss Pauline Wilson, daughter of Joseph Wilson, of Miami, Mo., formerly of Texas. To this union two children have been born as follows: Thomas S., born August 27, iSSi, and Ed McMahan born December 26, 18S6. Mr. Harrison is a member of the Royal Arcanum, and is president of Red Ribbon club, a temperance organization.

F. J. CoNLE.N', foreman and cutter for the firm of Harrison & Harrison, was born in Philadelphia. Penn., November 30, 1855, and is the son of Alex F. and Annie (Toner) Conlen. His father was born and raised in Philadelphia, and his mother was born in Ireland. His father died in i88r, and his mother is now a resident of Philadelphia. Mr. Conlen was educated in the public schools, and the commercial college of his native place, and there, about 1870, began to work at the trade which now engages his attention. He came west in 1879, and located in Cincinnati. In 1882 he removed to Evansville, and engaged with the firm of Harrison & Harrison, with which he has since been connected. He is a night cutter and is considered one of the best in the west. He was married August 4, 1872, to Martha W. Pearson, who was born in Philadelphia, October 12, 1854. To this union four children have been born.

Alfred Berxardix, president of the Indiana Canning company, and also of the Bernardin Bottle Cap company, two of the leading industries of Evansville, Ind., and a prominent citizen, is a native of France, born in 1845. Coming to America in 1856, he located at Portsmouth, Ohio, where he remained until 1873, and then came to Evansville, since when he has been a citizen of the place. He was married in 1870, to Emma Keough, of Ohio, and to their union two sons and one daughter have been born. Upon locating in Evansville, Mr. Bernardin engaged in the manufacture of mineral waters. Having invented an ingenious bottie cap, and having secured a patent for the same in 1885, he established the Bernandin Bottle Cap companv, for the manufacture of the same. This invention is in the nature of a metallic cap and fastener combined, to retain corks that are under pressure, avoiding the old method of wire fastenings, and at the same time putting on an attractive finish to the bottle. The machinery for the manufacture of the bottle cap is of Mr. Bernardin's own devising and is also patented. The plant and products are the only ones in the United States. The machinery is most remarkable, and its operation partakes of the marvelous. It is constructed on scientific principles, and while it was in course of construction, Mr. Bernardin made twenty-two trips to Brooklyn, N. Y., to secure its perfection. The capacity of the plant is 75,000 complete caps per day, and thirty-five hands, principalh' girls, are employed. The Bottle Cap company is a stock concern with A. Bernardin as president and treasurer, and F. W. Cook as secretar}'. About $25,000 capital is invested in the plant and business. The bottle cap is in general use in Evansville, Cincinnati, New York, Boston, New Orleans, St. Louis, San Antonio, Dallas and all the cities throughout the United States. The canning company was organized and opened in March, 1887. This industry is the only one of the kind in the city, and has a daily capacity of 20,000 cans. All kinds of vegetables and fruits are canned, and from 250 to 300 hands are employed during the season. About $60,000 capital is invested in the establishment, and the stock company is as follows: A. Bernardin, president: L. Seitz, vice-president; F. W. Cook, jr., secretary and treasurer; Ezra Lyon, manager. Other stockholders are: Dr. A. M. Owen, D. J. Mackey, F. W. Cook, sr., C. R. Bement, Theo. R. McFerson and M. W. Foster.

Philip Spiegel, trustee of Pigeon township, was born in Bavaria, near the river Rhine, on the 17th of January, 1832. His parents, Paul and Cleopha (Bogenshuetz) Spiegel, lived and died in Germany, their native country. At eleven years of age he was "bound out" for two years, according to the custom of the country. At the early age of fifteen years he left his native land, and making his way to America, settled in Evansville, where he has since remained, a period of fort\--one years. His early education was not wholly neglected, but it was necessarily meagre. When he reached here he began learning the cooper's trade, and having served his apprenticeship continued at that work until 1854, when he entered the employ of Babcock Bros., the wellknown hardware dealers, where hs remained until 18S2. For a time he engaged in the grocery business. In 1886 he was nominated bv the democratic part}-, with which he had long affiliated, for the office of township trustee of Pigeon township, and was elected by a majority of 185. In 1888 he was re-elected to the same office by a majority of 766 votes. He is a popular and efficient officer, and a good citizen. He has been four times married and is the father of four children.

John J. Farrar, general manager at Evansville for the Singer Manufacturing company, was born in Louisville, Ky., February 28, 1853, and is the son of John M.

and Caroline J. (Jarvis) Farrar. His father, born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1825, at the age of eight years, moved with his parents to Louisville, where lie has since resided, for many 3'ears past being a prominent member of the bar at that place. His mother was born at Brighton, England, in 1S32, came to the United States when a child, and died in Louisville, K}\, in 1865. John Farrar is the oldest of ' five children, four of whom are living. He was educated in the private school of Prof. B. B. Huntoon, now superintendent of the Kentucky State Asylum for the Blind. Finishing his studies in 187 1, in December of that year he entered the emplov of the Louis\-ille Insurance and Banking company. About a year later he entered the sewing machine business, and for twelve }-ears past has been with the Singer Manufacturing company. He has held several important positions, and assumed charge of the compan3''s offices at this place in 1888. His capacity and executive ability have already exhibited themselves. . The fine art displa}- made in the company's offices soon after his arri\-al liere attracted general notice and favorable comment. Mr. Farrar is a membei' of Preston Lodge, No. 281, F. & A. M., of Louisville, Ky. Fie was married in 1S76 to Miss Clarissa J. Hertsch, a native of Leipsic, Saxony, born October 9, 1857. Of this union one child, Walter T., has been born.

The Indiana Stove Works, located on Seventh avenue between Indiana and Illinois streets, is one of tlie leading institutions of its kind in tiie city of Evansville. It was incorporated in 1887, being the successor of the firm of Schrader, Fischer & Boehne, which firm was established in 1881, made up in the first place of substantial citizens and practical workmen.

pany, was born in Germany in 184S, and coming to x\merica, settled in Evansville in December, 1869. He was a moulder by trade, and, upon coming to Evansville, went to work in a foundry and continued so engaged until 1S81, when he became a member of the firm of Shrader, Fischer & Boehne. Upon the incorporation of the firm in 1 88 7, he was made president, and now holds that position. In 1S71 he was married to Lena Martin, who was born in Germany, and is the daujihter of William Martin, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Fischer are members of St. Boniface Catholic church, of Independence. He is a member of St. Boniface Benevolent society and the Catholic Kniyhts of America.

J. WiLLi.\M BoEii.NE, secretary, treasurer, and general manager of the works, was born on a farm in the northern part of Vanderburgh county, October 28, 1836, and is the son of Gerhard II. and EHzabeth Boehne. His father emigrated from Germany to America, in 1842, and came direct to the west, settling on a farm in what is now Scott township, \'anderburgh count\'. 1 le followed farming all his life, and died in 1886, at the age of si.\t}--£vvo years. His mother was also a native of Germany and came to America in 1S45. His parents were married in 1847. Mrs. Boehne is still living, residing on the old home place in Scott township. To these parents eight children were born, of whom six sur\i\e. J. William Boehne was reared on the farm until his sixteenth year, and during his boyhood attended the public and church schools. In i873hecameto Evansville and for two years clerked for his uncle in a grocery store, during which time he attended commercial college at night. Completing his course of studies, in the fall of 1S75 he took a position with Tliomas Scantlin & Son as book-keeper, and remained with that firm until December, 1881, when, in company with Charles Schrader, Jacob Fischer, and Mrs. A. Vermilion, organized the firm of Schrader, Fischer, Boehne & Co., and began the manufacture of stoves and ranges. When the firm was incorporated in 1887 he became secretary, treasurer, and general manager. Much of the success of the company is due to his ability as a manager and his close attention to business. He was married in 1880 to Louise Karges, a native of Evansville, and the daughter of Ferdinand Karges. Mrs. Boehne died June 23, 1883, at the age of twent3'-four j'ears. In 1885 he was again married to Emilie Ide, who was born in Evansville, and is the dau<rhter of Henry Ide. To this union one son has been born. Mr. and Mrs. Boehne are members of the Lutheran church (Trinit}-).

Charles Schrader was born August 6, 182 1, in Prussia, Germany. He farmed in his native country- until 1846, when he came to America, landing at Galveston, Texas, thence he went to New Orleans, and then participated in the Mexican war as teamster, being so engaged two years. Returning to New Orleans, he went into the dairy business for two years - then he moved to Perr}' county, Ind., and settled upon a farm, where he remained until the spring of 1864. He then moved to Evansville, and was employed by Brinkmever, Helbling & Co., in their store, and remained in their service one year; then for three j'ears he was bookkeeper for J. B. Mesker. After leaving the employ of Mr. Mesker he engaged in the manufacture of vinegar, which he left to become traveling salesman for Thomas Scantlin & Son. At this lie was occupied until the organization of the firm of Schrader, Fischer & Boehne, which has now adopted the name of the Indiana Stove Works, with the same membership. He was married in 1848 to Elizabeth Ubricii, who was born in Germany in 1819. The}' are the parents of four cliildren, only one of whom, Minnie, survives. She married John H. Rosenberger. The family are members of St. John's Presbyterian church. Politically Mr. Schrader is a republican.

Charles A. Slayback, chief engineer of the "Mackey system, "was born November 2, 1829, in Hamilton count}^ Ohio. His father Dr. Abel Slayback, was a prominent physician in Cincinnati, Ohio. He recei\'ed a good common school education and completed his studies at Woodward college. For five years he was employed as a civil engineer on the Wabash & Erie canal, and for some time as a railroad contractor. His work causing him to make Princeton, Ind., his place of residence, he was postmaster of that town from i860 to 1865. He has been entracred as an engineer on the Cincinnati Southern and other railroads, and for several years has satisfactorily filled his present position. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and in politics a republican. In 1857 he was married to his first wife, Eva, a native of New York, whose death occurred in 1883. Of this union two children were born Clinton S. and Susan L., both married. January 25, 1887, he was married to Miss Lida O. Steel, a native of Philadelphia, Penn. Mr. and Mrs. Slayback are members of the Presbyterian church at Princeton, Ind., their place of residence.

The firm of Kiechle, Brentano & Oberdorfer, whose foundry is located at the corner of Ohio street and Seventh avenue, employ's about seventy-five men, and transacts a large business, principalU' with the south. The senior member of the firm, Frederick Kiechle, was born in Baden, Germany, March 2, 1831. His parents were George and Mary (Wieninger) Kiechle, both natives of Germany. At six years of age he lost his father by death, and was early thrown upon his own resources. His meagre schooling was obtained in Germany, and while there he was variously employed until 1846, w'hen, hearing of the splendid opportunities in the new world awaiting energetic and ambitious men, he decided to leave the land of his nativit}-. Upon reaching America he proceeded to Buffalo, N. Y., where he remained three years industriously appl3'ing himself and learning the founder's trade. From Buffalo he journeyed to Akron, Ohio, thence to Cincinnati, and from there, in 1858, came to Evansville. From that time to the present he has been engaged in foundry work, except during three 3ears of the civil war period, when he conducted with profit the business of a retail grocer. Endowed with an active and progressi\e spirit, and possessing much business tact and ability, he has achieved success. In 1852 his marriage occurred. Miss Catherine Loch, a native of Germany, born in 1828, who came to the United States in 1849, becoming his wife. Of this union eight children have been born: Frederick W., Mary C, Charles, Louisa, Henry, Edward, Emma and Carrie.

Evansville is situated in the center of a great tobacco-growing countr)-. That the manufacture of this natural product should be early engaged in, was to be expected. From a small beginning it has grown to large proportions. One of the leading cigar manufacturers and wholesale dealers in tobacco at this time is George Lennert, w^io was born m Germany, March 4, 1840, being the fifth in a family of ten children born to Peter and Catherina (Schmittinger) Lennert, natives of Germany. His father was born in 1801, and died in this city in the present year; his mother was born in 1802, and died in Evansville in 1885. The Lennerts came to the United States in 1852, and after a sojourn in Pennsylvania of one year's du- ration, they settled in Newburgh, Warrick county, Ind., then a very promising town. After a two years' residence at that place they removed to Evansville, where throughout a long residence they were highly respected people. George Lennert received a common school education, and when eighteen years of age, began learning the trade of a cigar-maker in the factory of William Koenig. Si.v years later he began business for himself, and has since continued, meeting with much success. At the present time his business is quite extensive. Ten or fifteen men are regularly employed, .and from 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 cigars are annually made. In 1874 h*^ was married to Henrietta Schmoll, who was born in this cit}- in 1850, the daughter of Martin and Elizabeth (Colp) Schmoll. Four children, Hettie, William, Edward and Oscar, compose his family. He and his wife are prominent members of the Catholic church, and are worthy and highly respected people.

For more than forty years the name of Edward Bowles has been recotrnized as that of a leader in the livery business in this city. He descends from good pioneer stock. The Bowles family came to Exansville from Maine, in 1839. Joshua and Lucy (Water) Bowles, the parents of Edward, were born in Maine in 1785 and 1789, respectively. They were well-known as early residents of this city, and died here, the father in 1849, the mother in 1875. Edward Bowles was born at Wayne, in his father's native state, January 14, 1822. He received a good common school education in the town of his nativity. He was variously employed until twenty-five years of age, by which time he had accumulated enough capital to embark in business on his own account. His first stable, as remembered by the older residents of Evansville, was located on the alley between First and Second streets, and Main and Locust streets. In 1852 he moved over on Division street; in 1863 he built the house now occupied by Vickery Bros., and three years later moved into his present spacious and convenient quarters. Mr. Bowles is one of the oldest livery men in this part of the state, and his stable has always been recognized as one of the best to be found anywhere. In 1873 his stables were rebuilt. The building is of brick, two stories high, 51x150 feet. Mr. Bowles is a member of the I. O. O. F., and politically a republican. He was married in 1852, to Tabitha S. Holland, who was born in Kentucky in 1825, and died in this city in 1883, leaving two children, Joseph, born 1855, and William, born 1865. Mrs. Bowles was a resident of the city for fortynine years. As a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and as a lovable type of womanhood, she is kindly remembered by many friends.

In 1849 William Rahm and his wife, Johanna M., whose maiden name was Schmachtenberg, nati\es of German}', came to the United States and settled in this county. Their family consisted of nine children, all of whom are now living. Tv^'o of these, Emil and Ernst, are now proprietors of one of the principal shoe stores of the city. Emil was born in the town of Huekeswagen, near Ebberfeld, Prussia, May 16, 1842. Ernst was born in this city October 12, 1852. Emil attended the public schools here until fourteen years of age, and for ^ight years thereafter worked on the farm where his father now resides. Then for two years he taCight a German Protestant congregational school. From 1S64 to 1877 he was employed as book-keeper for Matthew Dalzell, at that time in the wholesale grocery trade. Being popular and competent, in 1876 he was elected treasurer of the county, as the candidate of the democratic party, bj- a majorit}- of 485 votes. His term of office expired October i, 1879, from which time until 1881 he was employed as a book-keeper. Then in partnership with F. W. Herrenbruck,he engaged in the retail boot and shoe business. His partner dying in 1884, he carried on the business alone until 18S7, when his brother Ernst was admitted to partnership. He was married in 1864 to Miss Selma Duchmann, born in Alsatia, Germany, in 1843, and is the father of one £hild, Selma E., born 1878. He is a member of the K. of H. and A. O. U. W. fraternities, and he and his wife are members of the German Evangehcal church. The younger brother, Ernst, was educated in the private and public schools of the cit}', in the high school, and at the commercial college of Wells and Kleiner. From 1871 to 1887 he was employed as clerk and bookkeeper in the business houses of his brothers, William, jr., and Emil. Since 1SS7 his course has been indicated above. He was married May 4, 1876, to Miss Mary Elsfelder, born in Vanderburgh count}-, Ind., May 12, 1855, daughter of Leonhard Elsfelder, a native of Germany. His family contains five children: Wilham E., Albert, Victor, Mary, and Oliver W. Mr. Rahm is a Knight of Honor. He and his wife are members of the German Evangelical church. Both Emil and Ernst Rahm are enterprising and careful tradesmen and enjoj- a high standing in business and social ciixles.

In the front rank of the enterprising retail merchants of Evansville stands Peter Marker, who for many years has been closety identified with the business growth of the city, and particularly that of the boot and shoe trade. Mr. Marker was born in Ellweiler, Birkenfeld, Germany, November 9, 1843, and is the son of John Charles and Sophia (Brenner) Marker, both natives of

Germany, who lived and died in the fatherland. His youth was spent in the land of his birth, and there were laid the foundations for his mental development. In 1859, then indeed but a mere boy, he emigrated to the United States with a view of bettering his condition, the new world at that time offering many allurements to the energetic and ambitious. Upon reaching America he proceeded with little delay to Rockport, Spencer county, Ind., and later moved from there to Boonville, in Warrick county. In 1862, when the nation needed men to put down armed rebellion in the south, young Marker responded to his country's call, and enlisted for three years' service or during the war, in Company E, Sixt)'- fifth Indiana Infantry volunteers. Going to the front he served faithfully until the close of the war, being honorably discharged in 1865. Returning from the war to engage in the pursuits of civil life, he located in Evansville, and for a time was engaged as a clerk. In 1867 he formed a copartnership with Mr. George Miller for the purpose of dealing in boots and shoes. The new house soon became popular, and because of the probity and energy of its proprietors, for tw ent}- years maintained a high place in public esteem. Mr. Miller's death occurred in 1887. In January, 1S88, a new partnership was formed by Mr. Marker and Gustave Wevand, which was terminated July 10, 1 888, and the business is continued by Mr. Marker alone. Peter Marker was united in marriage in 1S67, with Miss Lina Miller, of German descent, the daughter of George and Christina Miller, and of this union seven children have been born: Anna S., Charles G., Emil L., Arnold P., Oliver P., Walter S. and Zelda L. Mr. Marker affiliates with the republican party, is a member of the G. A. R. and I. O. O. F. fraternities.

John N. McCoy, paymaster Louisville & Nashville railroad, is a native of Mississippi, born December 17, 1S49. His parents, F. B. and Lovey (Capell) McCoy, natives of South Carolina, of Scotch-Irish descent, lived on a cotton plantation in Mississippi and died there during the civil war period. John spent his boyhood on the plantation and received his education in the public schools of his native state and in an academy at Clinton, La. For a short time he was engaged as a clerk in a grocery store at Clinton, but soon went into the service of a railroad company, first as a brakeman and later as conductor. This he continued until 1872, when he came north and entered the service of the Pullman Palace Car company, as a conductor, running between Chicago and New York cit}'. After two years he was employed in the office of the superintendent at the central depot in Chicago, 111., remaining there until 1S75, when he was appointed assistant superintendent of the company's office at Detroit, Mich. From there he was transfered to Cincinnati, Ohio, and later to Louisville, Ky. In August, 18S0, he left the Pullman company, and became associated with the Louisville & Nashville railroad company, lirst as chief clerk in the office of the superintendent, then as paymaster of the line between St. Louis, Mo., and Decatur, Ala. The duties of his position have been discharged with great faithfulness and efficiency. In 1872 he was married in Chicago, 111., to Miss Jennie A. Covert, a native of Seneca county, N. V., and daughter of David H. and Ann (Van Dorn) Covert. Of this union two children have been born; Emma and Frank.

One of the enterprising business men of Evansville, in the boot and shoe trade, and a representative of a leading family- of earlier times, is Frederick J Ehrman, bom in

York, Penn., June 12, 1846. Dr. Frederick Ehrman, his paternal grandfather, who emigrated from Germany, his native country, to the United States, in 1833, and died at Liverpool, Penn., some sixteen years later, was well advanced in the science of medicine, and was one of the first advocates of homeopathy in this country. Five sons of this man were all successful homeopathic physicians. The youngest of these. Dr. E. J. Ehrman, well known here for many 3-ears, was born at Jaxthausen, Wurtemberg, Germany, October 29, 1819. He was educated in the schools of his native country, and in Pennsylvania, and at twenty years of age, commenced the study of medicine under his father's direction, and continued it for five years. In 1844, he entered upon the practice of his profession in Liverpool, Penn., where he continued for some time. After attending lectures at the Homeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, he graduated in 1852, and in the same 3-ear came to Evansville. He was the first physician in this cit}' practicing in the new school. Because of strong prejudices then existing, several years elapsed before the foundation for homeopathy could be laid, but his practice grew, and in time he became one of the most successful practitioners in the city. . His death occurred in this city November 24, 1879. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Churchill, born in Switzerland in 1821, is still living. The immediate subject of this mention is the eldest of eight children, four of whom are now living. His education was obtained in the schools of this cit}-, and at Asbury University (now DePauw University), at Greencastle, Ind., where he spent three years. For twenty years, from 1863, he was employed in one of the leading boot and shoe business houses of the city, and here ob- tained valuable practical training. In 18S3, he embarked in the boot and shoe business, where he is now located, in partnership with Mr. D. T. MacClement. This firm, by steady industry and honorable methods, have won prosperitv- Mr. Ehrman was married at Cincinnati, Ohio, October 22, 1872, to Miss Hattie Scott, who is a native of Montreal, Canada. Three children, Charlotte E., Hattie E., and Ernst J., have been born of this union. Though pursuing his business interests steadfastly, Mr. Ehrman has never neglected his social responsibilities. He is a charter member of St. George Lodge, No. 143, K. of P., and for many years has been one of the most active members of the order in this part of Indiana. He is a charter member of the Uniform Rank, and also a member of the Royal Arcanum. In all social relations he is deservedl}- popular.

The junior member of the firm of Ehrman & MacClement, boot and shoe dealers, David MacClement, was born in Philadelphia, Penn., December 29, 1845. His paternal grandfather, Thomas MacClement, was a native of Gallowa}' shire, Scotland, moved to County Down, Ireland, settled in Bangor, in that county, there married Sarah E. Jamieson, a native of the place, and raised a respectable family. His father's name was also Thomas, born at Bangor, in 181 1. When t\vent3'-two years of age, he came to America, and was for a time engaged as a merchant tailor in New York and Philadelphia. In the latter citj', early in 1845, he married Catharine J. R. VanDerslice, and eight years later, moved to Dayton, Ohio, having meanwhile lived one year at Reading, Penn. D. T. MacClement was educated in the public schools of Dayton, Ohio, and at Philadelphia, Penn. At twelve years of age he started out in life to maintain himself, and for some time was employed in a wholesale book and stationery house in Dayton. When the war broke out he offered his services, and was accepted. His name was entered on the muster rolls of the First Ohio Volunteer infantry, but being under lawful age, his father had him released. He enlisted again in the Ninety-third Ohio infantry with the same result. Being determined to enter the service he finall}' enlisted in the OneHundred and Thirty-first Ohio infantry, under the name of T. V. Clement, and served faithfully until August, 1864, when honorabl}' discharged. Returning to Dayton, he entered the employ of the Grover & Baker Sewing Machine company, where he continued as book-keeper until 1868, when forming a partnership with his brother-inlaw, B. N. Rowe, he took the agency of the Howe Sewing Machine compan}- at this place. He continued in this business until 1875. April 15th of this j-ear he was married to Miss Annie E. Bennett, daughter of Bylers Bennett, and then occupied various positions as an accountant and book-keeper until 1886, when he purchased the interest of H. W. Lauer, in the firm of Lauer & Ehrman, and formed the partnership with

Harry Stinsox, deputy auditor of Vanderburgh county, v^'as born in Evansville, January 5, 1858. His parents, William H. and Elizabeth (McCorkle) Stinson, came to Vanderburgh countv in the pioneer era. Indeed, the Stinson name is inseparably connected with the early annals of the city and county. William H. Stinson was a Kentuckian, and for many 3'ears was a wellknown steamboat captain on the Ohio and Green rivers. His death occurred in this city in 1876. His wife, Elizabeth, an estimable lady, with the heroic qualities of the old-time folk, was born in North Carolina in 182 1, and after a long and useful life, died in this cit)' in 1885. Harry Stinson is the eighth child in a famil}- of eleven children. His home has always been in the city of his nativity. Though thrown upon his own resources early in life, he received a good common school education, and this, with good health and active intellect, fairly equipped him for the battle of life. His career has had only its commencement, and what the future ma\' hold in store for him, none can sa}' with certaintj-, but favorable predictions are justified by the achievements of the past. At the earh' age of twelve years he began to make his own way, and seeking employment, found a position as a clerk, which he held for some time. As he grew older the thought of becoming a skilled artisan occurred to him, and with commendable industry he served an apprenticeship as a carpenter. Having learned the trade, he worked as a journeyman for about three years. About this time he attained his majorit}-, and being deeply interested in politics, took an active part in the campaign of 1880, working for the success of the republican party. Leaving the workman's bench, he was connected with the public offices of the city for a few years, and in 1S84 was appointed to a position in the railway mail service of the government, which he held until October, 1SS6. Upon the ascent to power of the democracy he was removed for political reasons solelv, no complaint having been made against his conduct as an official or his worth as a man. In June, 1887, he was appointed to his present position by County Auditor J. D. Parvin. His ability and politeness make of him an efficient and popular officer. In the local military companies he has held manv commissions, attestinjf the esteem in which his associates amongf the young men of the city hold him. At present he is first lieutenant of the Evansville Light Infantr\', and is recognized a good officer. His marriage to Miss Julia Langley of Evansville, occurred August 20, 1885. She possessed many admirable traits of character, and her death in 1887 was greatly lamented.

Geor(;e Lafayette Masters, a wellknown business man of this city, was born on a farm near Boonville, August 1^, 1845. He received his education in the schools at Boonville, and was yet within school age when the outbreak of the rebellion occurred. In September, 1861, in the sixteenth year of his age, he enlisted in the Forty-second Indiana Volunteer infantry, and served gallantly until near the close of the war, receiving his discharge in February, 1865, on account of a wound through the right lung. Returning home he went into business at Boonville in 1866. In 1877 he was appointed postmaster at Boonville, and after eight years of service, highly satisfactory to the people, resigned March 5, 1S85. He immediately assumed the management of the Cumberland Telephone and Telegraph company, making his home at Evansville. After a year's service in this position, he retired, and in August, 1886, engaged as a travehng salesman in Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky and Missouri, with headquarters at Evansville.

John W. Asiibv, proprietor of the Evansville wharf-boats, was born in Madison county, 111., May 7th, 1846. His paternal grandfather, Robert Ashby, was a Virginian, who, coming west, was for a tmie en- ' gaged as a contractor on the Waba.sh & Erie canal, and in 1846 moved to Illinois, where he died, after a long and useful career, in 1852. His parents were Joseph R. and Mary (Crabb) Ashby, sturdy people, who first came to Vanderburgh county in 1844. The father was born near Harper's Ferr\', Va., about 1820, and died in Evansville in 1866. The mother was a native of Mansfield, Ohio, where she was born in 1827, and her death occurred in this city in 1865. John W. Ashb}^ is the second in a family of nine children, five of whom are now living. His youth was spent in St. Louis, Mo., Henderson county, K}^, Madison count}-. 111., and in this cit)-, his fathers business interests having caused his residence in all of these places. The father's prosperity was not such as to prevent the necessity of efforts at self-maintenance on the young man's part at a verj- earl}' age. He received a good common school education, and at the age of thirteen 3'ears commenced the battle of life for himself. His first employment was on the steamer Greenville as clerk, at which he was engaged for some time. While thus occupied he learned the trade of a steamboat engineer, and was licensed as an engineer in 1863. Four 3'ears later he left the river and for six years was employed as book-keeper ia the well-known houses of Baird & Start and White, Dunkerson & Co. Later with the firm of George H. Start & Co., and continued in that relation about three years. After a two years' service as book-keeper for the Evansville Courier Co., he returned to the river, accepting a position on the wharf-boats of Bingham & Page. A few years later Mr. Page retired, and some time afterward when Mr. Bingham withdrew from the wharf-boat business on account of failing health, Mr. Ashby made the necessary purchases and assumed control. He had now two wharf-boats, and no effort was spared not onl\' to maintain the popularity gained by the old firm, but to increase it. In such a thorough, business-like way were the wharf-boat interests promoted during the following eight years that, at the end of that period, he was in a position to purchase a half interest in the large modern wharf-boat which had but recently been brought to the cit}' bv that enterprising citizen, Capt. Frank Hopkins. The firm was then known as Ashby & Hopkins, and it did business under that name until April 5, 1888, when Mr. Ashby bought the entire interests, and now owns the three wharf-boats. The progress maintained in his successful business career has been gratifving to the manv friends who have watched him with devoted interest. His prosperity is the result of honorable methods and untiring effort. Always courteous, his pleasing manners have made him exceedingl}- popular in business and social circles. He was married in 1865, to Miss Lucy A. Noll, of Kentucky, who was born in 1844, and is the father of one child, Edgar K.

Henry W. Lauer, dealer in real estate and an aggressive citizen, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 27th of September, 1836. His father. Rev. Henry W. Lauer, spent fifteen years of his life in the ministr}- of the German Lutheran church. He was born at Lustnau, German}-, in 1807, was educated at the University of Tuebingen, came to Evansville in 1836, and after a well-spent life died here in 1850. His mother Caroline (Grissinger) Lauer was a native of Little York, Penn., born in iSoS, and after rearing a family in respectability died in this cit\' in 1874. Henrv W. Lauer was the second in a familv of nine children, five of whom are yet living. His }-outh was spent in this cit}-, in the schools of which he obtained a good practical education. The spirit of enterprise and adventure early developed itself and' finding no adequate field for its display in the well advanced city of Evansville, in 1858 he removed to New Mexico. There for a time he engaged in the arduous business of transporting freight across the plains from Kansas City to New Mexico. IJeing i[uick in his perceptions and of retentive memorv, he soon mastered the various languages used in the section fre- (juented by the peoples of the two countries, Mexica and the United States. This possession secured liis cmplo\ment in i860 and 1S61, as interpreter and otlicial translator for the territorial legislature of New Mexico, under Governor Connelly, in which capacit\- he rendered elRcient and \aluable service. His experience on the plains also litted him for useful military service. In September, 1863, he was commissioned first lieutenant in the First Infantry of New Mexico volunteers, and was detailed as recruiting olHcer for the territory. His promotion soon followed. In 1S64 he received a captain's commission, and was detailed as recruiting otBcer and acting provost marshal for the territory, under Gen. James H. Carlton. He continued in the service until September, 1866, when he was honorably mustered out. Returning to Evansvillc 'n the following year, he began the business of a merchant, which he abandoned in 1869 to accept an appointment as deputy sheriff of Vanderburgh count}'. One }"ear later he commenced the operation of a mill, which was continued successfully for three years. From 1S75 to 1886 he was engaged as a boot and shoe dealer, giving up which he entered his present occupation. Through a long career he has been an active and progressive business man. In the Masonic order he has attained a worthy prominence, early receiving the rank of Knight Templar. He has served the public acceptably in \arious relations, as a school trustee for three years. His marriage occurred May 2, 1867, to Miss Elizabeth Willc}-, of Louisville, Ky., who was born in 1842. Albert W. Harwood, local freight agent of the E. & T. H. railroad, was born in Evansville, October 18, 1858. He is the son of John W. and Sarah Harwood. He was reared and educated in the public schools of this city. At the age of fifteen years he was employed as a messenger by the E. & T. II. company. Being attentive to his duties and capable of doing clerical work, he was soon made entry clerk, then bill clerk, and at length cashier in the general freight office of the road. From the responsible position of cashier he was promoted to the chief clerkship, and eventually was assigned the duties of local freight agent. He has been efficient and trustworthy in every position, and has earned, b\' good work, the advancement made. April 27, 1880, he was married to Miss Mollie E. Rowland, daughter of Robert Rowland, a well-known resident of this city. They have two children living, Bessie M. and Grace, their first child. Ruby Belle, having died at the age of eleven months. Mr. Harwood is a K. of P. and a member of the State Association of Railroad Agents; also a charter member and secretary of Vanderburgh Council, Royal Arcanum. An estimate of his career cannot be made at this time, with justice. It is but well begun, but the past augurs well for the future.

William E. Barnes, a trustworthy young business man of Evansville, was born October 24, 1859, at Lockport, N. Y., being the son of Alphonso and Eliza (Stevens) Barnes, natives of Vermont. His parents came to Indianapolis about 1862, and subsequently removed to Terre Haute, where the father was eiuploved as agent for the American Express company. His death occurred in that city in 1867. William E. Barnes received the rudiments of his education in the public schools of Terre Haute, but because of his father's death, was early thrown upon his own resources. At seven- teen 3'ears of age he entered the service of the Vandalia raih-oad, and remained with that corporation six years. From 1883 he was employed by the Adams Express company, first at Terre Haute and since 18S5 in this city, until November, 1888, when he resigned his place, and accepted the position of entry clerk with Macicey, Nisbet & Co. His fidelity to every trust has raised him from time to time in the confidence of his employers and the business community. Possessing an unsullied reputation and the elements of popularity, a career of usefulness may safely be predicted for his achievement. He belongs to Orion Lodge, No. 34, K. of P., and stands high among the members of the fraternity.

Walter Ruston, a wortJiy representative of a well-known pioneer family, and a popular young business man, was born in this city October 4, i860. His father, Robbert S. Ruston, was a native of Cambridgeshire, England, where he was born in 1815, and came to Vanderburgh county in 1838, settlincr on a farm near the citv limits. He subsequently removed to the city, and for many years was engaged in the commission business. Later he was connected with the lire department during a long period. He died in this city in 1882. The wife of this pioneer, Miriam (White) Ruston, was born in London, England, in 1844, and still resides in Evansville, much respected by all with whom slie has been associated, as friend or nei^libor. Walter Ruston is the eldest of five children, four of whom are yet livintx. His education was obtained in the public schools of the city. In 1882, he entered the service of the Adams Express company, and by fidelity to trust and business ability rose rapidly in his employer's favor. Commencing as a messenger, he soon became money deliverer; then in 1884 money clerk, and since 1885 has rendered satisfactory service in the responsible position of cashier. Jul}- 9, 1885, he was united in marriage to Mary L. Bateman, born in Hawesville, Ky., in 1861, the daughter of Charles B. and Maria Bateman, prominent people of that place. Mr. Ruston, his wife and mother, are members of St. Paul's Episcopal church.

In 1854 Christopher and Amelia (Knipping) Hulvershorn came to Evansville from Prussia, their native countr}-. For a time they remained here, then removed to the neighboring town of Newburgh, where they were well known, and at length returned to this cit}^ The\' died in this city, each at an advanced age. Christopher was a cabinet-maker and undertaker. His family consisted of six children, four of whom, all natives of Prussia, still survive. Emil Hulvershorn, the oldest son, was born September 5, 1840. He was educated in Prussia, and learned the trade of his father. When his father left Newburgh he continued in business there until his property was destro3'ed by fire in 1884, at a loss of $1,500. Since that time he has worked at his trade in this city. He was married in 1867 to Sophia Mountell, a native of Ohio. They have six children: Eleanor, Edmond, Emma, Edith, Edgar and Eva. Mr. Hulvershorn is a member of the I. O. O.F., and in politics a democrat. The second son, Louis Hulvershorn, who now resides in Newburgh, contitming the business earl\' established by his father, is a man of family and of high standing in business circles. Fred W. Hulvershorn was born June 13, 1845. Educated in the public schools and at Wells & Kleiner's Commercial College, he was well equipped for a business career. He learned the trade of a blacksmith, and worked at it for some time : then clerked in a grocer}- store; and later entered the employ of A. Reis, who, in addition to his bus- iness as a general merchant, conducted a tannery. After several years' service as a book-keeper and general manager, Mr. Hulvershorn, forming a partnership with J. M. Kuebler, a tanner and prominent citizen of Newburgh, established a leather store in this city. After four years the partnership was dissolved. The Evansville Leather and Belting company, with Mr. Hulvershorn as its leading spirit, was then formed, since which time the business has been greatly extended thrt)U<rh his able manasjement. He was married in March, 1S70, to Lena Muth, a native of Germany, daughter of Conrad Muth. Thev have live children: Matilda, Marv, Louisa, Amelia and William. Mr. Hulvershorn is a member, in high standing, of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, is a democrat in politics, and with his family belongs to the German Methodist Episcopal church. Hugo E. Hulvershorn, the 3-oungest son, was born August 2, 1850, received his early training in the schools of this city and Newburgh, learned the cabinet-maker's trade under his father, and for many j'ears worked at it in partnership with liis brother Louis at Newburgh. Sellincr his interests to his brother he came to Exansville about ten years ago, was engaged as a traveling salesman for his brother, F. W., and then learned the trade of a belt-maker. By dint of industry and close attention to business he has attained the position of superintendent of the belt factory. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and in politics is a democrat. He was married in May, 1875, to Louis Prinz, a native of Ohio. They have two children: Arthur and Edwin C.

The fashionable shoemaker of the citj' is Stephen Exz. He makes a specialty of men's, ladies and misses shoes, and does an annual custom trade of more than $15,- 000.00. He was born m Germany, December 25, 1 85 1, and when fifteen years of age came to the United States. After visiting several cities he settled in Evansville and began business here on a small scale, in 1876. By industr}' and close attention to business, he prospered, and was soon compelled to leave the small house in which he had commenced, for larger quarters. The extent of his trade has constantly increased, and by economically- husbanding his earnings, he has accumulated a comfortable competence. His parents, Clement and Genevieve (Kern) Enz, were natives of Baden, German}-, and respectable people, who came to this country in 1S66. April 15, 1873, he was married to Miss Mary Schweizer, a native of Louisville, Ky. They have eight children : Lizzie, Anna, Joseph, George, Kate, Frank, Lena and Celia. Mr. Enz and his family are members of the Roman Catholic church.