Washington County, Indiana - Biographical sketches, 1916 (part 1 of 11)

Biographical sketches

More than one hundred years the Elliott family has been established in Washington county and in all the several generations it has thus had representation hereabout, its various members have acquitted themselves honorably and uprightly before men, each doing his or her part well in the social scheme. The Hon. Asa Elliott, former representative in the Indiana Legislature from this district, and one of the best-known lawyers in this part of the state, who has maintained law offices in Salem since the year 1882, is no exception to this honorable family rule and may point with pride to his sterling ancestry.

Asa Elliott was born on a farm in Aladison township, this county, on September 10, 1852, son of Asa and Mary (Maudlin) Elliott, the former of whom was born in that same township on October 15, 1817, son of. Henry and Letitia ( Reese ) I'lliott, homesteaders there and prominent in the pioneer life of that section.

Henry Elliott was born in Russell county, Virginia, March 8, 1790, son of IMichael and ]\Iary (Trim) Elliott. Michael Elliott's father having been a nati\'e of England and Mary Trim a native of New Jersey, and Michael and Mary I-:iliott ha\ing moved from Maryland to Russell county, Virginia, where their family of twelve sons and four daughters was reared. Eour of these sons, .\sa, Thomas. Henry and Michael, emigrated to Kentucky, locating in Kno.x county, and it was there thev met and married the four charming daughters of Jehu Reese, .\sa marrying Alarv Reese, I1i<imas marrying l^lizaljeth, Henry marrying Letitia and Michael marrying Margaret. Jehu Reese wa> n Welshman, born in 1740, who came to America and in Delaware married, for his second wife, Elizabeth Elsburw a woman of Dutch descent, and emigrated to the then far western district k-nown as Wautega, later a part of North ('arolina an<l still later the ^tale of Tennessee. ^Vhile li\ing there lie became a soldier in the patriot arni\- during the \\'ar of the Re\olution and after tlic Avar was over emigr.ated with his familv to Kentuckv, locating in Knox countv, and it was in this latter (42) place that the four h^Uiott brothers married four of his six daughters. Of this family, Henry Elliott_ was the first to come into Indiana Territory, he and his wife coming to the district now comprised in Washington county and locating on "Congrei^s land" in what is now r\Iadison township of this county, on October 31, 181 5, one year before the territory was adiuitted to statehood. The country herealiout then was all wild and unsettled, but Henry Elliott quickly set about establishing a home in the wilderness and the reports that he was al)le to send back "home" were of so encouraging a character that not long afterward Jehu Reese and his wife follnwed and tiiev, too, set about making a home in this section, and later. Henry Elliott's brother, Michael, and his wife followed, and they aK., made a new home in the wild, all these families becoming \\ell otablished and iniluential factors in the development of that part of W'ashington county. The Imdy (if Jehu Reese was the first to receive sepulture in the old Posey graveyar<l in Madison t..wnshiii. [Michael I^lliott's body was buried in the Hardin grave\ard. Tt wa^ in 181 1 that Henry I'.lliotl married l.elitia Reese and 1<> this union were Ixirn fi\e children, Xancy. Jc'-'-e. Asa. l'',liz;ibcth and ^^largaret. Tlenry Elliott lived to be more than seventy-live years of age. his death occurring on ncceniber 10". 1S63. It is related th.at he was ])ossessed of a marvelous memorv and. although he was ;i m:in of little schooling, was a prodig}' at mental arithmetic.

.\sa I'llioU. second son ,in<l thinl child of 1 lenrv an.l T.etitia ( Keesc ) Elliof-, the pioneers, was reared on the liomestead f.irm in ).l,'idi-on township and on Sepreniber 14. 1837, married Mar\- M.audlin. who was born in \'ernon townshiji, this county, <in July J5, i8jo. d;iugliter of Xathan and Rachel ( Rrown^ ?>laudlin. the former of whom was Iiorn in Randolph county, North Carolina, about 1700, son of ^Tark and Esther ( ^^'orrel^ [Maudlin, both natives of that same county, the former born in 1766 and the latter in 176,;. Mark }^Iaudlin was a son ,,f Edmund and S.arah Maudlin, nati\es of Cermrmy, am! E.sther ^^'orrell was of Irish descent, .\bout the year 18-0 Mark [^laudlin and his wife and their family of thirteen ch'k'ren emigrated to Indiana and after spending a \-ear in the neigliliorhood of ,'^alem, in this county, settled permanently in A'ernon township. EoUowing his marriage, .\sa Elliott began farming for himself and prospered, presentl}- becoming the owner of two hundred acres of land in Madison townshi|i. where he was reckoned ;is among the substantial fariuers c)f that section of the county. He and his wife were the parents of i-ight children, namelv : Rachel, born on Decemlier 27. i8;,8. "ho. on June 21, married lames .\. Purkhiser and died on March t,^ 1013. in Salem, this county: Mary L., December 17, 1840, who on May i, 1862, married James A. Chastain and died in 1903; Henry B., i\pril 30. 1843. who died on July 23, 1844; Edmund, December 3, 1845, who died on September 14, 1862; Xancy, March 30, 1843, who died on September 13, 1862; Asa, the subject of this sketch; Esther, March 8, 1855, who on October 24, 1889, married Harrison HuiT, of Washington township, this county, and Nathan H., October 1, i860, who married Myrtle M. ^lartin and lives in Salem. The father of these children died on iVpril 27, 1874, and his widow survived him many years, her death occurring on September 17, 1900, she then being past eighty years of age.

.\sa Elliott, of the third generation of Elliotts in this county, was reared on the paternal farm in Madison county and attended the Salem high school and later took a course in the old Eikosi Academy under the tutelage of Prof. James G. May. In January, 1872, the farmer lad made his \va\- to Salem to secure better educational advantages than then were obtainable in the district schools of Madison township and he was compelled to make his own way through the higher schools. He realized the value of education and was prepared to pay his way in order to acquire the schooling he cra^-ed. During his attendance at the old academy, he paid his tuition by sweeping out, sawing wood and performing such "chores" ;'.s were necessary about the school. In the fall of 1872, Mr. Elliott began teaching scliool and for twehe "terms" v/as thus engaged, teaching eight terms in the district schools and four terms of private school. In the meantime, he had been sedulously reading law and had begun the practice of law before the courts of the justices of the peace. He then entered the v'entral Law School at Indianapolis, from which he was graduated on April 6, 1880, having taken his final examinations in the December previous, and in 1881-82 took a post-graduate course at the same institution. On April 13, 1882, Mr. Elliott opened an office for the practice of law at Salem. tl:c county seat of this county, and has been practicing there ever since, in this time having made a name for himself as an able practitioner that is known far beyond the confines of Wa.shington county. Until i8qo Mr. Elliott practiced alone, but in that year he entered into a partnership with Fred M. Hostetter, which continued for five years. In 1899 Frank S. Huston became a partner of Mr. Elliott, under the firm name of Elliott & Huston, which partnership still continues.

Air. Elliott is a Democrat and for years has been active and influential in the political affairs of the county and of this district. In 1894 he recci\ed his party's nomination for representative in the Legislature from this district, but was defeated in the RepubHcan "land shde" of that year by A. S. Garriott, a Republican. Despite the land slide, however, he was defeated by but fifty votes, and this defeat he could have averted had'he consented to a proposed "trade" of votes, but this his honor forbade. In 1896 his party renominated him and he was elected that fall by a big majority, his vote being far ahead of that of the state ticket, and he served in the ensuing session of the General Assembly with distinction both to himself and the district he represented. Mr. Elliott is widely known by both bench and bar throughout the southern part of the state and not infrequently has acted as special judge of the circuit court at both Salem and Paoli. Besides his law practice, Mr. Elliott is more or less interested in farming and particularh' in the raising of fine stock. He owns a fine farm of ninety acres at the edge of Salem, where he has a mmiber of excellent Hambletonian and Morgan horses and some fine registered Jersey cattle, in which he takes an amateur farmer's just pride and delight.

On September 5, 1880, Asa Elliott was united in marriage to Emma L. Rudder, who was born in Vernon township, this county, daughter of James and Elizabeth ( Barnet ) Rudder, and a sister of William Rudder, whose biographical record, together with that of his son, William IT. Rudder, presented elsewhere in this volume, sets out the genealogy of the Rudder familv in this county. Mrs. Elliott received her education in the Salem schools, finishing with the high school, and afterward taught school for six vears. Mr. and Mrs. Elliott both take an earnest interest in all movements looking to the betterment of local conditions hereabout. They are both charter members of the Salem Farmers Club and are also members of the Fortnightly Club of Salem, in the affairs of both of which organizations thev are deeply interested. The\- are properly looked upon as among the leaders in the general social and cultural life of the community and are held in the highest esteem throughout the entire county.

The late Hon. John .\. Bowman, wlm was a leading farmer ami hus ness man of Polk township, and i>ne ni the nxxt pmniinent citizens of Was! ington county, Indiana, wa^ Iiorn in BldUiU cmnitx, Tennessee, on .\pnl ; 1818. he being the next eldest child in a family of eleven children horn 1 John and Catherine ( l^owerman ) Bowman, natixe'^ of \'irginia ami I'eiu sylvania, respectively, and who came, in 1830, to \\'alnut Ridge, Indiana

John A. Bowman received his education in the common schools of his native county and in the schools of Monroe township, Washington county, after which he worked with his father on the home farm, until at the age of eighteen years, he started for Louisiana, making the trip down the Mississippi river on a flatboat. After two years in Louisiana, Mr. Bowman returned to Washington county, Indiana, and purchased a farm near that of his parents, he later, after the death of his father, placing his mother and her two children on the farm, while he engaged in the business of a stock dealer, his field of operation being between Washington county and the city of New Orleans. Mr. Bowman continued in his business as a stockman until the outbreak of the Civil War, and then following the close of the war, he re-engaged in hirs business for a short time, after which he returned to his farm, near Farrabee, a place which he cultivated as a general farmer for the remainder of his active life. Mr. Bowman at the time of his death being the owner of nine hundred and twenty-four acres of well culti\ate(I land in Washington coimty.

On January 17, 1881, John A. Bowman was married to Mary Jane (Davis) Howell, \\'ho was l)orn near South Boston, Franklin township, Washington countw the daughter of Henry and Lydia (Tash) Davis. They were the parents of two children: Leander Grover, a successful farmer, school teacher and citizen who has served his township as assessor and his county as recorder, and ^lar}- Jane, who, prior to her marriage with John A. Bowman, was the widow of William N. Howell, a life-long farmer of Franklin tnwnsliip, who died on , April 20, 1870.

Henry Davis, father of Mary Jane, the widow of John A. Bowman, was Ijorn in i'ranklin tnwnshi]), Washington county, on June 11, 1819, the son nf I-lenr\- Davis. Sr.. and Catherine (Hinds) Davis, the former of whom \\:ts born in X(irth Carolina, and where he lived until, as a young man. lie came Ki Washington county, Indiana, and was married to Catherine Hinds. Henry Davis, Jr., was married to Lydia Tash, who was born in I'dlk tdwnship, tlie daughter of Jacob and Mary (Stanley) Tash, natives of i\o\\ rni county, .Xorth Carolina, and who came to Washington county, ln(li;ina. and settU-<I in Polk townshi]), at an early date. Henry Davis, Jr., was a lite-lonL; f.irnier of Franklin township; Washington county.

John A. llownian. of this sketch, was one of the best known citizens of Washington county, he ])robabl\- having 1)een known most widely as a representative of tlie people of county, in the Indiana State

Legislature. Mr. Bowman for two years having serxed as a inenil.ier of the House of Representatives and for eight years he was a leader in the Indiana State Senate. In politics, John A. Bowman was a Democrat, heing notably active in the work and efforts of his party.

As a business man, John A. Bowman was a success, having jjcen a stockholder of banking institutions at Salem and at Xew Albany. Indiana. In fraternal life John A. Bowman wa> ])r(.ni!ncnt in Masonry. Mr. Bowman, after a successful life, one filled with liMnnr-^ gi\eri b\- his associates and fellow citizens, died on Septemljcr 2_\ 1880, his remains Ijeing interred on his farm ; this burial being at the reciuest of the deceased.

Prominent in the industrial, commercial and civic circles of Washington county and of Salem, the county seat, wiiere for years he has been at the head of one of the most important industrial concerns in that citw Elmer E. Loudon, president and general manager of the Salem Hardwood Company, is looked upon as one of the vital factors in the dexelopment of material conditions hereabout. Pie has been closely identified with tlie timl)er business in this county most all his life and there are few men in this part of the state who are better judges of raw timl>er than he. Industrious, energetic and enterprising, he has prospered as he deserves to prosper and is reckoned as among the most substantial citizens of Washington county. A man of the most engaging disposition and a "good mixer," Mr. Loudon is very popular throughout this section of the state and likewise has hosts of friends throughout the state at large, among whom he is held in the highest esteem.

Elmer E. Loudon was born in Jefferson township, this county, on June 17, 1861, son of Alexander R. and Elizabeth (Coffin) Loudon, the former of whom was born in Washington county, Xew York, on August 18, 1824, son of John and I^\-ina (Lee) Loudon. John Loudon was a native of Ireland, who, in his youth was brought to America by his parents, who settled in X^ew York state, where he was reared. He married Lavina Lee, a native of that state, and in 1833 emigrated with his family to Indiana, settling in Jefiferson township, this county, where he purchased a farm and there he spent the rest of his life, his death occurring in 1853. His widow remained on the farm and survived him for fifteen years, her death occurring in i86c;. They were the parents of eight children, of whom Alexander, father of the subject of this sketch, was the fourth in order of birth, all of whom were reared on the farm, being carefully trained to lives of usefulness.

Alexander R. Loudon was but nine years of age when his parents moved to this county, hence he was practically reared on the farm in Jefferson township, where he grew up, attending the district schools of that neighborhood and receiving practical training in the life of the farm. On leaving the home place at the time of his marriage, Alexander Loudon bought a small farm of thirt}' acres and this he cultivated so assiduously that he prospered from the very beginning of his farming venture and presently was able to buy more land, graduall}' enlarging his holdings from time to time, until he was the owner of two hundred and two acres of excellent land. Alexander Loudon and his wife were active members .of the Missionary Baptist church at Rush Creek and for many years were looked upon as among the leading residents of that part of the county. Diligent in their own business, they were not unmindful of the needs of others and were influential in all good works, both being very highly respected. Mr. Loudon was a Democrat and gave close attention to local politics, but never was included in the office-seeking class, nor was he a member of any secret society. His wife (lied on August 4, 1899, and some time afterward he retired from the farm and during the last three years of his life lived with his children in .Salem, his death occurring on March 19, 1910.

On February 15, 1852, Alexander R. Loudon was united in marriage to h'lizabeth D. Coffin, who was born in Washington county, and to this union were born seven children, namely: David, who for years has been a resident of the state of Nebraska; Mrs. Delia R. Williams, of Jefferson township, this county; Elmer E.. the subject of this sketch; Mrs. Eliza Batt, of this county; Estella, who died at the age of nine years; Albert M., who died at the age of six years, and Annie, also deceased.

Elmer E. Loudon was reared on the parental farm and was educated in the district schools of Jefferson township. He remained on the home place until 18S3. in which year he bought seventy-nine acres in Jefferson township and was there engaged in farming until 1894, in which year he sold the place to Floyd Branderman and moved to Salem. While living on the farm, Mr. Loudon had erected and had for some years operated a small saw-mill for the convenience of the neighboring farmers and also had engaged somewhat extensively in the buying and shipping of logs and timber; there laying the foundation for his future buisness career. Upon moving to Salem, Mr. Loudon bought a one-half interest in the saw- and planing-mill of G. P. Riester and this partnership was continued for two years, at the end of which time the tirm suffered the misfortune of a destructive fire, which wiped out the mill and a large stock of stored lumber, entailing a heavy financial loss, which for a time severely crippled INIr. Loudon in his business affairs. Nothing daunted, however, he went to work to retriexe his fortunes and for fifteen years was engaged as a traveling salesman for the McCowan Lumber Company of Salem, at the end of which time he bought his present sawand planing-mill, which, under the direction of the Salem Hardwood Company, of which Mr. Loudon is the president and general manager, has prospered greatly. Mr. Loudon also is president and general manager of the E. E. T-oudon Lumber Company, a concern organized by him for the purpose of buying and selling logs and timber in a wholesale manner, which al<n is doing a very extensive business.

On October 6, 187Q, Elmer E. Loudon was united in marriage to Mary .Ellen Beck, who was born in Jefferson township, this county, on .\pril 2~. 1857, daughter of Daniel E. and Perthena Jane ( Harner) Beck, the former of whom was born in this county on September 15, 1829, son of John and ^lary ( Phipps ) Beck. John Beck was a son of John Beck, a native of Germany, who came to America with his family and settled in North Carolina, where he spent the remainder of his life. The junior John Beck emigrated to Indiana about the year 1816 and settled in Washington county, where the remainder of his days were spent. He married Mary Philips who was born in this state, and to this union there were born nine children, William P., Elizabeth, Daniel P., Da\id, Solomon X., James. Serilda, I'liarlotte and John B., all )f whom now are deceased sa\e the latter, wIkj is a well-known resident of Coltiminis. this state.

Daniel B. Beck was reared on the old Beck place in this countv and was a farmer all his life. He was one of the most substantial citizens of Jefferson township and for years served as a justice of the peace. In iSoj he moved to Illinois and for four years served as a justice of the peace in the community in which he lived there, holding that position at the time of his On January i, 185.:;, Daniel P. Peck was who was born in this coniUy. and to this

To Elmer ]£. and Mary Ellen (Beck) Loudon five children have been born, as follow : Harry C, a sketch of whom is presented elsewhere in this volume; Clara D., who married Howard Fulton, a city salesman for a wholesale hardware company at Chicago, and has two children, Jane and Barbara; Ulah M., who married Dr. B. S. Allen, a dentist, of Greenville, South Carolina, and has one child, a son, Richard; Kirby T., who lives at home and is associated with his father in the luml>er business, and Chloe V., who married Lewis K. Karnes, who is employed in the offices of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Indianapolis, and has two children, Robert and Martine. Mr. and Mrs. Loudon are members of the Missionary Baptist church, as are all their children, with the exception of Mrs. Fulton, who is a member of the Christian church, and Mr. I.oudon long has held the position as a trustee of his church.

Mr. Loudon is a Democrat and for years has given attention to the political affairs of Salem and of the county generally. For eight years he served very effectively on the town council, retiring 'in 1911, and in other ways has demonstrated his interest in civic affairs and his devotion to the cause of good government, he being regarded as one of the most publicspirited men in the community. He is a member of the Salem lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of the local lodge of the Knights of Pythias and of the local camp of the Modern Woodmen of America, in all of which orders he takes a warm interest.

That the sons of great men of ten attain distinction is true in many instances. Example of this is afforded in the life of O. K. Hobbs, who is numbered among the loyal and progressive citizens of Washington county, where he has attained distinction a,s a member of the bar. Oscar Kingsley Mnl)l;s, whose name initiates this sketch, was born on the 29th of July, 1870, nn a farm near Oxonia, at that time called Hitchcock, in Washington county. He is the son of Marniaduke M. C. and Sarah Jane fSmiley) Hobbs.

Rev. Marniaduke M. C. Hobbs was born on the 20th of March, 1829, on a farm located (.nie and one-half miles northeast of Salem. He was the son of Elisha and Lydia (Coffin) Hobbs, the latter of whom was a da'ugh- ter of Alathew Ciiffin, who came from X'irginia as early as 1S14 and settled on the farm northeast of Salem, where the (jld 1^'riends meetini; house now stands. Elislia Hohhs, who came tu this section (jf Indiana in 1S08, l)Miight the farm owned liy Math-w Coilin in the early days of it.s >ettlenient, and spent the rest "i his life .it "eneral f.armins. He and hi^ wife, who were hoth nuinher.s of the Hicksite (jnaker church, are huricd in the old llicksite gra\eyar(l.

.V sketch uf the life n{ (). K. Hn1)lis can scarcely he comiilete without some mention of his father, Rew Marm.aduke Thdihs, who was ,1 student at the University of lijooniinston, Indiana, for two \ear> and who was graduated from W'ahash C' illege in the class of 1855. .\fter his graduation he took charge of the Salem .\cademy, a position he held for three years. At the end of that time he w,is stationed at X'incennes, where he was a]i]iointed to serve as chaplain of the I'jghteenth Regiment, Indiana X'oluuteers. He hlle<! faithfully hiv duties <iunng the Civil War until he wa^ stricken liv sunstroke on Kene^aw moi;ntain>, and hccause of hi^ dis.aliility .after that, was hon.n-alilN- <lisch,arge<! on Xoxnieher u, iSO.^ His wa.s cue ..f the most difficult tasks of the war, th.at of carrvmg sun^hme uito hk.ody kattletields and cheer and hoiie to diosc who were suffering f n an mortal wounds. Hut his char.acter was such as to he an inspiration to those who-c li\es were toucheil, e\eii in the sm.allest wa\-, Ii\- his mwu. k'nr ten \ears follnwing his' retirement from active ser\ice in the ('i\il War, he was ohliged, owing to poor health, to spend .a life of retirement on a farm west of S.ilem. In 1874 he again took up his duties ;i- a n'linister. and w,as stationc! at Hardinshurg, Retershurg, Mt. Wanou ;md rrincct.m. He w:is a omtor and leader, and liecause <<\ his great power ami wirtli ui the Indiana cnii frrence, was made i)residing elder in the X'incennes district He w;is kudwu throughotit the state as a man of extraordinar\- intellectual powers :in(l j.^xed to he one of the most vahiahle sons of the ministry. .\t the cldsc of his term as presiding elder, he returned tci his farm near S.alem, where he sjicut the last eighteen years of his life. In Septcmher. 1807, he assisted in the nrganization of the Old Settlers' Historical .Xssoci.itK.n, ,and in \>}nj w.is elected its president, ,an ofhce he held at the time of his ,k-itli. Tlir. uigh his eff. irts much (.)f the wilu.ihle historical data, rel;iling t^ the e.irlv settlement of XX'ashington county li.as heeii prcserwd. He was a m,an in whom local patriotism h;id taken the deejiest root, and his ,iu\-iet\ to preserx e the memory of the pioneers who settled in the section where he residt.-d was ue\er dampened, and for this reasim the wi'rk of preser\ iiig the records of their lives was to him a i)leas\ire. Amom^ the men of his iki\- he was iinled as ,1 conversationalist of unusual ]>owers. The rich and the poor, the intellectual and the ignorant listened to his stories with delight and interest. During his life the many sacrifices made hy him proved his strength to live up to the words of the Master when he said. "Love one another." He passed away on Tanuar\- 5, 11)07, at the age of se\-enty-se\-en years and nine months. His wife, who was Sarah Smiley, was horn in Maine in 1855 and, died on the farm west of Salem on May 8, Kjoo, at the age of tifty-five }ears. To her union with Rex-ercnd Holihs the following children were horn: Clara B., who is the wife of Isaac W. Ramsey, of Joliet, Illinois; Schuyler C. Hobbs, who is the o\\ner of a farm fi\e miles west of Salem, and Oscar K. Hobbs, the attorne}- of whom this sketch is written. By his first marriage, Reverend Hobbs became the father of one daughter, Ella, who is the wife of Francis Xi\-(_)n, and who li\-es four miles west of Salem.

Oscar K. Ilohl's receiverl bis high school education at \''incennes and at the completion of his course there entered the law school at Indiana University. I^jr three winters he taught school in Arkansas, and in 1898 decided to liegin the practice of law. He was admitted to the bar the same year, and on March 17, iSgq, o]>ened a law office in Salem, where he has followed his ])rofe-;sion ever since. Inheriting the family gift in oratory, Mr. Hobbs began to make speeches to small audiences at the age of twenty years. .\t that time he was also active in politics and made a number of political speeches under the ausjiices of the count}' central committee, where bo drew large crowds to the ]iolitical meetings.

On .\i)ril 8. 1000, the marriage of Oscar K. Hobbs to .\ddie Banks was solemnized. I-^he was lioru in X'enion townshiii, about eight miles west of Salem, and is tlie daughter of .Mihon S. and Mary ( Standi.sh) Banks. Mrs. Hobbs is a member of that i)ranch of the Standish family which traces its ancestry back to Mile-^ Standish, of the "Mayflower" fame. Milton S. Banks, the father of Mrs. Ilol)bs. who was a native of Washington county, was a successful farmer and had one of the most improved pieces of land in the section of the state in which he lived. He died in 1912, and his widow to residf in .Salem .and operates the farm in a very successful manner.

The children liorn to .Mr. and Mrs. Holibs are: Mary Rosalie, Marmaduke and Charles \incent. Mr. Ib.bbs is actively affiliated with fraternal organizations. anionL; which are the Odd b'ellows, the Masons and the Eastern Star. .Mrs. Ilobbs is an ardent member of the Christian church and contrilnUe- generon>l\ to its welfare. In 1905 Mr. Hobbs assisted in organizing the I'.lks Clnl) at Salem and for two years acted as president of the organization. Mr. Hobbs has also used every effort to promote the work of the Historical Society, for whose meetings he gave the use of his law office for an unlimited time.

Among the numerous members of the medical profession in Washington county and generally throughout this part of the state, there are few, if any, who have a wider actiuaintance or a better-deserved popularity than Dr. John L Mitchell, of Salem. Energetic and alert to the better needs of the community. Doctor Mitchell has created a distinct place for himself hereabout, and is properly held in high esteem, not only as a physician, but as a man and as a citizen.

John L Mitchell was born on a farm south of Salem, this county, September 20, 1880, son of Hiram E. and Jane (Zink) Mitchell, the former of whom was bom in this county, three or four miles south of Salem, on July 3, 1841, a son of John and Camille ( Cauble ) Mitchell, and became, in time, one of Washington county's most respected and substantial citizens. John Mitchell was born in Virginia, the son of Thomas and Elizabeth Mitchell. This particular branch of the Mitchell family was established in America by Robert and Elizabeth Mitchell, who came from the Highlands of Scotland some years before the beginning of the .\nierican Revolution and located in the colonv of A'irginia. They were the parents of thirteen children, one of whom was the father ot Thiini;is. who wa^ the lather of John, the father of Hirrim Tlmm.-is Mitchell ami family emigrated to Kentucky and when the laiid^ on thi-~ nf the n\er were oj^ened fur settlement came to Washington county, lucatin- almut two and (Hie-half miles iiurthwest of southwest of Salem, and which he operated until he ceased activities on account of the encroachment of age. This primitive mill, which at first was a grist-mill, also ground some wheat, but it was necessary to bolt the flour by hand. John Mitchell and his wife became influential members of the community in which they lived. Both were members of the Christian church and were "pillars" of the local congregation. John Mitchell, who owned a farm near Beck's mill, was a carpenter and also owned an interest in Beck's mill, which then was a combination saw- and grist-mill. He and his wife were the parents of nine children, Thomas A., William H. H., Maria, Hiram F., Amanda, Samuel H., James J., Laura and Robert B.

Hiram F. Mitchell was but a babe in arms when the family moved to Howard township. They later moved onto Mill creek, at Beck's mill, and it was there that he grew to manhood. When he was twenty-one years of age he enlisted in Company E, Fifth Cavalry, Ninetieth Indiana Regiment, which was attached to the Army of the Cumberland, and saw much active service in Kentucky, east Tennessee and in the Georgia campaign. After the battle of Atlanta, the regiment returned North and was remounted and sent to Cincinnati in pursuit of Morgan's raiders. Hiram F. Mitchell became detached from his regiment, but pushed on alone through Covington, thence across to Cumberland Gap, where he rejoined his regiment, with which he served until the close of the war, after which he returned home. About a year later he married Mary Jane Zink, daughter of Isaac and Nancy Zink, the former of whom was born on Blue river, in Washington township, this county, son of Peter and Sallie f Wright) Zink, and the latter in Orange county. Peter Zink, who was born in Virginia, same to this county as a young man and entered land one and one-half miles west of Salem. His wife, Sallie Wright, was l>orn on Blue river, in this county, daughter of one of the early settlers of that section, as set out in this volume in the sketch relating to P. M. Wright.

.A.fter his marriage, Hiram F. Mitchell went to farming for himself in the Ft. Hill section of Washington township, where he remained until 1002. in which year he sold the farm to his son-in-law, Emmet Allen, and moved into Salem, where he has lived ever since. His wife died on August 25, looi. They were the parents of eleven children, three of whom died in infancy, the others, all of whom are still living, as follow: Nancy, who married Knimct Allen; Eva Belle, who married Zed Short; Maud Zink, who married Elmer Xaugle; Josie May. who married Fred Cauble ; John Isaac, the subject nf this sketcli ; Eupha Lilly, who married Grover Wright; Warder William : Grace Zella. who married Leonard Garriott, and Camille

|-.,ll,,uin- his pcruHJ ,,1 ,ch..nlin- m the di-tnet of his home nei,t;lii)cirhM, 1(1 m Wa-lnn-tuii tnwnshi]). juhn 1. Mitchell to.ik two year- of high -cIkimI work at JMirden and (me term at the Indiana State Norma! at Terre liante. after which he tanght schiml fur twn year-, in the meantime filling his dtherwisc- uni>crn]iied time re.iding for medicine. In the fall of 1902 he entered the Ii(>s|)ital t'()llege of Medicine at Loiiis\ille and was graduated from that excellent institution in 1006. immediately thereafter opening an office for the practice of his profcs-ion in Salem, where he has ever since Ijcen located and where he has hnilt up an extensixe and Incrative practice.

In ITOJ Dr. John I. Mitchell was iinite.l m marriage to .Margaret Allen, who was horn in .Salem, dang'iter of Charles ami Lizzie ( Xaiiule 1 .Mien, the former of whom \\;i- horn 111 ."^alem on Xoxemlier _'S. 1S311. a s,-in of Milton .and S.arah 1 Houston 1 .\llen. Sarah llou-ton wa.s horn in iS:;4 on a farm east of Salem, in tliis connt\-. daughter of i'.eni.imin h. and Mari;.iret (\\'ils(_.n) IToustcin. the Houston family having come to this countx from Ohio, to which state they had emigrated from I'ennsyh ani.i. the -ame \ear that witnessed the platting of Srdem as a' town site. Mrs. .Mitehel! h.-'s .-i hook relating to the genealogy of the Houstons, which trace- the f.imilv. -tep hy step, lack to Robert I '.nice. King of Scotlan.l. Miln.n Allen wa- horn in Salem, niemkier of a pioneer family, and hi- -on. (hark- ,\llen. father of ]Mr.s. Mitchell, was reared in that town, receiving his education in the snhscription schools and in the .acailemy conducted at that time 1>\ l.inie- .\l,iv-. Early in life he entered the news])ai)er husiness, rniil for -ome \far- wa- the owner and puhlisher of the p.aper now known a- the Sulciii Ihuurrra! . hut which he edited as an exponent I'f Republican doctrine-. lie afterw.-irilwas the proprietor (.)f a wall-paper store, which he conducted until the time of his retirement from business, in 1N05. He was active in the civic affairs of Salem, was a memlier of the Salen.i town board and for \ears served as town clerk. He died in Xov ember. 1004. His wife. F.lizabeth Xaugle, was horn in Washington counlv. a daughter of llenrv ;md M.irv i\\"ils,,nf Xaugle, and they were the parents of four children, one of whom iVx-A 111 infancy, :\lrs. Mitchell having two brothers, (^scar and Rus-dl.

They are members of the Christian church and are active in good works in and about Salem, being held in high esteem by their many friends. Doctor Mitchell is a Mason and has attained to both the council and chapter in that order. He alsu is a member of the Salem lodge of the Independent Order of Odd I'ellows and uf the local camp of the Modern Woodmen, in all of which societies lie is warmly interested and among the members of which he is deservedly popular.

.V career that has been specially (listinguishecl for achievement is that t)f James \'. I'ersise, who holds precedence as one of the eminent bankers of \\';ishingt(jn county, and who since taking up his residence in Salem, has l)eLU a ])roniinent figure in the movements for the betterment of the communit}- in which he resides. As a man possessed of fine intellectual powers, lie has al>n been a valuable assistant in the educational affairs of Salem.

James ¥. I'ersise was born at I^ekin, Indiana, on May 4, 1846, and is the Min uf James I", and Xanc\- C. I'ersise. His father was born in Kentucky, where at an early age he became used to a life on the farm, and the mother of the subject of this sketch was a native of North Carolina.

James F. I'ersise received his early education in the public schools of .Salem, ;ind later attended the commercial college at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, fri^m which school he was graduated. Mr. Persise began his business career as a clerk in a store, in which capacity he was employed from 1868 until 187J. when he became superintendent of the .South Chicago Woolen Mills, of Chicago. After acting as superintendent in Chicago for six years, he came tn Salem, Indiana, where, from 1870 to 1884. he served as superintendent of the Salem \^'oolen IMills. .\t the end of that time Mr. Persise entered another held of business enterprise, and became cashier of the bank at Salem in 1885, and the same \-ear, owing to his interest in educational .ilTairs, b.c was elected as member of the Salem school board, in which capacity lie --erved f(ir a number of years. His career in the financial world has been niie of e\tr;i(irdinary achievement, while ser\ing as vice-president of the Hank of .^alem. he .assisted in organizing the West P.aden National Bank, of which he !-^ now \ice-i)resident. ha\iug at first assumed the duties as cashier of the b.ank. Mr, Per-^i^e has a wide accpiaintance in the business world at West r.;iden. in ic)Ot having assisted in organizing the West Baden S])rings Compau}-, < t w hich crmcern he is now secretary and treasurer.

In closing tiiis si<etch some mention should he made of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Persise: Pee P., the son, now cashier of the bank of which his father is president, married Pucille, eldest daughter of Judge M. P>. Holies and wife: Ellen M., the daughter, is the wife of Samuel E. Stout, president nf the Pidiana Veneer and Panel Company, Xew Albany, Indiana.

Thomas J. Wapkpr

0\ercoming a natural handicap which would liavc disheartened most persons. Thomas J. Walker, even from the daws nf his childhood, struggled against disadvantages, making his wa\ along with men of normal physical equipment and has dune his part so well that he has been twice honored by ins fellow citizens by election to the responsible office of county recortler and is now ser\ ing his sec(jnd term in that office in the Washington county court house at Salem.

Thomas J. Walker was born on a farm m l'"ranklin township, this county, on Augu.st 6, i8f)!.. s,,n of Tiiomas P. ;uid Julia A. (.May) Walker, the former of whom was liorn in the same towiisbip on October 4. 182Q. son of William S. and Pouisc ( Peller 1 Walker, pioneers of that section. \\illiam S. Walker was liorn in \irgniia m Janu.ary. 1S04. son of William and Jane ( Purton ) Walker. When he was about three wears old. his father died and his w.idow moved to Kentucky with her small family and there luarried again. Willi.am S. Walker was reared 111 the lUue Crass state am' when twenty-tWD \ears of age came to Indiana, settling in I-'ranklm township, this county, where he became a prominent and inlluential farmer and mill man, the remainder of his life being spent ihere. The \\'alker mill, which was both a grist-null .and a s;u\-niill, w.is f. ,r ni.niv ve.irs a rallying by William S. Walker ;md his s,,n. Ihom.is !',. It was desin.ved b\ lire once .and was rebuilt better tli.in e\er and for year^ di<l a large Imsiness When it again was burned, the ]iroprietors did not relniilt it and thus an old land-mark in that jiaii of the eoiinir\ was j.ist forever.

Thomas J. Walker

who married Benjamin Brim; Thomas B., father of the subject of this sketch; Sarah A., who married Benjamin F. Smith; Nancy E., James, William S., Elizabeth, who married James Williams; Lucinda, who married Richard Elrod and Benjamin. William S. Walker, Sr., lived to be ninety-seven years and three months of age and his wife to the age of eightyseven. He was a Democrat and both he and his wife were members of the Methodist church and reared their children in that faith.

Thomas B. Walker grew up in Franklin township and nearly all his life was spent there. Until the mil! was finally destroyed by fire in the eighties, he was his father's partner in the conduct of the milling business, and after that time devoted his attention to farming. He was a Democrat and for eight years served his township as a justice of the peace, at a time when that office was regarded as a much more important office than it is considered today. Often his court would be in session several days at a time and large crowds would assemble for the sittings. Thomas B. Walker's wife, who was Julia A. ^Nlay, was born in Washington township, this county, a daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Carleton) May, the former of whom was I)orn in Lincoln county, Kentucky, on -April lo, 1808, son of r)a\id May and wife. David May was born in Maryland, son of Jacob May, who was the son of George May, who was a German refugee, who fled from his native country to avoid inevitable political persecution about the >ear 1700 and made his way to America, disguised as a sailor, along with a party of other students who were being sought for having made light of dignitaries while in their cups. George May and his brother, John, and thirteen others composed this party, which landed at Philadelphia in 1 701 and straightway became assimilated with the body of American colonists, the May family, descended from these two brothers, now being a numerous one and widely scattered throughout the United States.

Samuel May was reared in Kentucky and in his early manhood came to this county and bought a farm about four miles southeast of Salem, where he lived until i<^40, in which year he moved to Benton county, Mis- -^ouri. where he lived for ten years, at the end of which time he returned to tliis ciiunty and bought a farm adjoining that which he had formerly owned and tliere he lived until the infirmities of age necessitated his retirement from the farm, whereupon he moved to Salem, where his last days were spent, his death occurring on IMarch 13, 1875. Samuel Mav's wife, who was Elizabeth Tarleton, was born in Botetourt county, Virginia, July 8, 1817, and died in Salem, this county, June 15, igoo. She came to this county from Virginia when a child, with her parents, who settled about six miles south of Salem, where they became prominent factors in the pioneer life of that section of the county. Samuel May and wife were the parents of five children, four daughters and one son, namely : Julia Ann, now deceased, \yho was the wife of Thomas B. Walker; Lucinda Jane, widow of Henry Paynter, who lives in Salem; Elizabeth, widow of Edwin Thompson, who lives at Campbellsburg ; Eliza, wife of John I'. Kyte, of Salem, and William R., of New Albany.

Thomas B. Walker died in 1911 at his home in Salem. His wife had predeceased him by fi\e years, her death having occurred in 1906. They both were earnest and devoted members of the ^Methodist church and for years Mr. Walker was a class leader in that church, superintendent of the Sunday school at different times and was otherwise active in the \arious works of the church. He and his wife were the parents of eleven children, three of whom died in infancy, the others growing to maturity, namely: Harvey C, who died in 191 1, leaving a widow and two children; Charles O., who lives at Bedford, this state; Elizabeth, wife of Emory F. McClellan, of Salem; Laura A., wife of Charles Snyder, of Jeffersonville, this state; Thomas J., the subject of this sketch; Lulia M.. wife of Seth Howell, of Salem; Viola, wife of Clinton L. Voyles, of Pekin. this county, and Flora D., wife of Horace Greeley Elrod, also of Pekin.

Thomas J. Walker grew up on the home farm in Franklin township and with the exception of a little more than a vear. during which time he was employed at Jeffersonville, he liyed there until the fall of iqio. the time of his election to the office of recorder of Washington countv. when he moved to Salem, the county seat, where he since has made his hdme. Thomas J. \V'alker has been handicappetl in a physical way since chiklliond. a severe illness then ha\'ing rendered him a hopeless cripple. Until he was eleven years of age he could not walk or even wear the ordinary cut of clothes, but he was possessed of a stout heart in this frail body and by the time he was thirteen years of age had sn greatly overcome his infirmity that he was able to walk with the aid of crutches. Until he had com|)leted the common branches, he attended the district school in his neighliorhood. hobbling along on his crutches, a distance of a mile and a half, not a whit deterred by snow or mud, as the case might be. SuW struggling against his handicap, he eventualh- became able td perfnnn ;ilmost all tasks abciut the farm, such as cutting wood and caring fur Imrse-. sa\-c such labor as would involve long sustained \vnlking. such as plo\\ing. and never had a thought of giving up to a life of uselessness. When twenty-one years of age he began teaching school and was thus employed for several winters. He is a Democrat and even from boyhood evinced an interest in political affairs. In 1904 he was elected assessor of Franklin township and was re-elected in 1908. He served two years of the latter term and then, in 1910, resigned to make the race for county recorder. He was elected by a handsome majority and was re-elected in the fall of 1914 and is now serving his second term in this important office.

Mr. Walker, despite his physical handicap, served as substitute mailcarrier on rural routes for several years. He was always prominent in social affairs of his neighborhood and his services were in demand on all Fourth of July celebrations in his neighborhood, where he always read the Declaration of Independence. He at one time clerked in a shoestore in Jeffersonville, Indiana. He has been superintendent of Sunday school and has also acted as teacher in Sunday school.

On August 2, 1911, Thomas J. Walker was united in marriage to Lena Lackey, a Southern girl, and this recalls an interesting romance. About the year 1900, the Louisville Courier- Journal, conducted in its pages a popular department for young writers, letters on soci'al subjects and matters of general interest to young men and young women. Mr. Walker had written several letters to this department and had asked for correspondents from the South. He received about forty answers, among which was one from Miss Lackey. He began a correspondence with her and presently they exchanged photographs. Though the courtship thus begun was not swift, it was sure, and on that August day in 191 1, ten years after their first exchange of letters, they met for the first time, by appointment, at Louis- \ ille. and were married, never having seen each other until that day. And the story ends happily, for the Southern bride has proved to be the best of wives and Mr. Walker considers that in the lottery of hearts he was indeed fortunate. Mrs. Walker, who was born at Tallehassee, Alabama, November 6, 1878, is the daughter of James B. and Eliza (Critzenberge) Lackey, the former of whom, born in Georgia in 1830, was the son of John Lackey, a \'irginian. James B. Lackey was a carpenter and durmg the Civil War was a recruiting officer in the Confederate army. He was a .Methodist, a Mason and a Democrat and died in 1898. His wife was born in Georgia, daughter of John and Elizabeth Critzberge, both natives of Germany, who came to America on the same boat, each then being four years of age. Lena (Lackey) Walker is the youngest of eight children Ijorn to her parents, the others being Emma, Carrie, Laura, Nealey, Jannie,

Mr. and Mrs. Walker are members of the ]\iethodist church and take an active interest in church affairs. Mr. \^'alker is a member of the Salem nest of Owls. He is well informed and an obliging and competent puljlic official, who is held in high regard by his many friends.

Albert Re}-man Overman, the son of Benjamin and Mary Ann i Trueblood ) Overman, was born near Salem, in \\";i-hingiun county, Indiana, on May 14, 1849, and died on October 20, 191 1.

Benjamin Ox'erman was the son of ^Ir. and ]\Irs. Eli 0\-erman, who were natives of Pasquotank county. North Carolina, and came to Washington county in 1814, when the Indians were as numerous as the white men and the forests abounded with deer, bear and other wild animals. In 1820 Air. Overman and a Mr. Green built a wAW propelled by horse power, near the present site of Canton, and some years later they conducted a general store at the new town of Canton, which was platted on October 31, 1838, by Mr. Overman and consisted of thirt\-iive lots, which was later increased by one himdred and six.

Mary Ann ( Trueblooil) 0\erman, the mother of .\lbert R. 0\'erman. was also of a family of early pioneers of -Washington county, where she was born in the Quaker settlement near Salem. She was the daughter (if Xathan and Patience ( Xewl>y ) Trueblood. natives of Xorth Carolina, where they grew to manhood and womanhood and were married and where four of their children were born. The family came to Indiana in 18 14. to escape the influence of the sla\e-holding clas'^es of their nati\e state. The long journey was made in wagons, which were loaded with all the articles which they could obtain for their future conveniences.

On their arrival they settled some two miles east of Salem, along Blue river, on a hill now known as Cypress hill. The great cypress trees that now grow there were planted by the familw They were God-fearing peojjle. kind and helpful to the poor, for whom they had the same honest feeling as for the rich. Many a poor wanderer found refuge in their home, where was found a number of orjihan children they had taken to raise. Here was also the home of a negro Imy that they had brought with them from their former home and who remained with the familv until his death.

Benjamin Overman was a farmer in the Quaker settlement and died while the only child, Albert R., was a small boy. The mother remained on the home farm until the son was grown and married and then she married Isaac Overman Trueblood. Mrs. Trueblood, thus, again resumed her. girlhood name, although Mr. Trueblood was no relation to her family.

Albert R. Overman received his education in the public schools and at the Blue River Academy, after which he devoted his energies to farming until 1890, when, owing to failing health, he and his family moved to .Salem, where they conducted a hotel until the time of his death. Assisted by their daughters, they gave to the management their personal attention and soon the hospitality and home-like conditions of the place became a delight to the traveler who happened to be their guest.

Mr. Overman was a well-informed man and took much interest in the affairs of the town and county and, like his ancestors, had many friends and was ever ready to assist others less fortunate than himself. Before his marriage, he was a member of the Friends church, but later united with the Baptist church, which was also the church of his wife.

On December 28, 1871, Mr. Overman was united in marriage to Priscilla Leatherman, a native of Washington county and a daughter of Frederick D. B. and Priscilla (Payne) Leatherman. F. D. B. Leatherman, a native of Kentucky, was born on November 12, 1812, near Louisville, and was the son of Frederick. Sr., and Anna (Blakenbaker) Leatherman. Frederick. Sr., died July 19, 181 2. His wife was born on June 24, 1793, and was the daughter of Nicholas and Fannie Blankenbaker. Nicholas Blankenbaker was Ijorn on October 6, 1758, and his wife on April i, 1764. Both were of German descent.

After the death of Frederick Leatherman the widow and son remained at Louisville, where the son learned the blacksmithing trade. In 1835 Mrs. Leatherman married James Taylor and they made their home east of South Boston until his death, on April 30, 1867.

Frederick D. B. Leatherman located near Harristown, and on June 11, 1835, niarried Pri.scilla Payne, who was born on October 24, 1812, and was the daughter of Jeremiah and Sarah (McCoy) Payne. Jeremiah Payne, whose parents came from Maryland to Kentucky, located in Clark county, Indiana, and later came to Washington county, where he became the owner of a considerable tract of land.

Sarah (McCoy) Payne was the daughter of John and Jane (Collins) McCoy. Previous to the seventeenth century the McCoys resided in the north of Scotland. About the year 1700 James McCoy, a lad more venture- some than the others, engaged a passage on a merchant ship for BaUimore. He had neither money nor friends, but paid for his passage with his services on the boat. After remaining a few years in BaUimore he came with some enterjjrising citizens to Kentucky and here ac(|uired a good education and some means. Subsequently, he was married to a de-cen.dant of tiie family of Robert J-iruce, of Scdtland, and located near Uniontown, l~a_\ette cuunty. rcnn>\ Kama. They were the parents of six children, the third of whom was William, who married b'.liz.abeth Rice and resided fur several years in their nati\e state, where W'dli.im was Dnlained a P.ajitist minister. John was the second (jf the family: Kaac. anuther n\ the children, was a missiunar}- among the Indians at the earl\ tr.adiiig pn-is at I'crt Wayne, Terre il.inte and \"incennes. where he the b;ird\ (.mdoi.r life of the trader and the trajiper. In 1700 William .Mc( oy mo\ ed his famil\- to Kentucky and wa^ here a ])ioneer preacher. Some years later he. with his son John, mo\ed to Indiana Territory, where he spent the remainder of his life. John .Mc('o_\- married Jane e'ollins and located on Clark's firant, on the ea^t bank of SiKei creek, about ten miles north of Louis\-ille.

.\fter the marriage of 1). I',, l.eatherman to I'riscilLi I'axiie. the\ Ined for s,,nie time near llarristown. ;nid Later on Silver creek, where they li\ed until the\- took up th.eir ]iermanent re-idence on the farm north of \ew I'lnkidelphia, where they die,l s, ,me \ears haw. They were the parents ,_,l SIX cbddren. Alarga.ret 1... Sarah !;. and bdizabeth B.. all of wb^m are dead: Alar\- Ann, the widow of iVter ( aiible. -i .MausfK-ld. .\!isM,nn; I'riscilla

.\fter the death of Mr. ( )verin;in. .Mrs Overm.in and the .l.ingbters coiuimied the hotel for a \ear .and then retired from the luisiness ddie building was remodeled into a mo.lern tesidence an.l here the widow makes her h.iine. She is an .ictne member .>! the Ikintist church and ,1 woman of much literary talem ,ind .1 higliK refined nature. b"or several \-ears .vFrs Overman has been helping to compile the gene;dog\ of the ,M;i ,

Roscoe C. Morris

Roscoe C. Morris, who has been active in the agricultural life of Washington county for many years, is a man who has lived up to the highest ideals of citizenship and who through high principles of character has won a place of honor in public confidence and esteem. About two miles southwest of Salem, on the road to Fredericksburg, Roscoe C. Morris was born, on the 30th of December. 1869. He is the son of Caleb W. and Mary E. (Carr) ]\iorris. the former of whom was born eight miles northeast of Salem, on the loth of June, 1838, and who lived on a farm southwest of Salem. Caleb Morris came from a family whose m.embers were associated with the early life of the Quakers in this country. His father, Jehoshaphat Morris, came from South Carolina, as did Jeanette (^Vhite) Morris, his wife, and settled near Salem as early as 1830. Bnth the White and Morris families were among the original Pennsylvania Quakers.

Caleb W. Morris, who was associated with the agricultural life of Washington county for over fifty years, operated a saw- and grist-mill on Blue river during the early days of the development of that section, and in this business was associated with his father-in-law, Willis Carr, who was also a wagon-maker. ]\lar\' Iv Carr, who became the wife of Caleb Morris, was reared al)Out six miles northeast of Salem, and is the daughter of Willis and .Martha ( Mitchell ) Carr, the former of whom was born in Orange county, near Lost river. The Carr family is of Irish extraction. Of the children liorn to Caleb and Mary Morris two died in infancy, those who grew to maturity are: Jeanette, Roscoe C, Emmanuel Z., Josie, who married James Summers; Essie, the wife of Pre.ston Purlee; Martha, who married Claude Cauble; Blanche and Clifford. One son, .\lonzo, died at the age of twenty-six years. Caleb W. Morris died on June 24, 19 15.

Roscoe Morris, from early childhood, was trained to assume the smaller duties of farm life, and during the school months attended the Eikosi Academy, under the tutelage of Mays Brothers. Upon reaching the age of manhood the subject of this sketch ran a threshing machine and operated a saw-mill. Aftei his marriage, in 1904, he took charge of the farm I>elonging to his father-in-law, William Paynter, and assisted in erecting a sawmill on the place, which he ran in connection with the farming interests. The mill ref|uired the labor of a number of men in the community, who were kept constantly busy with its work. In 1898 Roscoe Morris left the farm owned by his father-in-law, and took up his residence one-half mile south of SaJem, on a farm which he had bought and upon which he lived until 1910, when he moved to the present location. The present farm is located on the south edge of Salem, and the farm residence, which was completed in September, 1911, is a modern structure of unusual and attractive design. Owing to his interest in desirable farm land, Mr. Morris has bought a number of smaller tracts of land in the vicinity of Salem. He has about two hundred acres of cultivated land on the north and south border of Salem and also owns a forty-acre tract in another section.

Mr. Morris, aside from the regular duties of the farm, has taken an active interest in the business life of Salem, where he is one of the prominent figures. He is president of the Salem Milling Company, in which concern he is a large stockholder. He also holds stock in the Farmers State Bank, of which he is a director and vice-president, and for several years has served on the board of directors of the Stout Manufacturing Company, in which company he holds part ownership. Until 191 5 Mr. Morris served as president of the Washington county fair association, but was obliged to resign on account of illness. In political affairs, Mr. Morris has often been chosen to serve the public in various ways, and has returned the honor by executing the duties of these offices in a manner worthy of the highest commendation. For four years he has been trustee of Washington township, and is one of the two Republicans who have served in this office, in a period of twenty years. This fact alone gives ample proof of his popularity in political circles. Tn 1910 he was nominated by his party for the office of county auditor, but in a close race, in which he drew heavily from the normal majority of the opposition, he was defeated. Mr. Morris is interested in politics not especially for the glorification of any certain party but of a sincere desire to assist in movements for the welfare of the community at large. He served as mayor of Salem in 1914, and at the present time is a member of the town board.

On March 30, 1894, the marriage of Roscoe Morris and Jennie B. Paynter was solemnized. She is the daughter of William and Mildred (Motsinger) Paynter, and was born five miles southeast of Salem. William Paynter, who was born southeast of Salem, was the son of John and Katie (Etzer) Paynter, the former of whom, a native of Pennsylvania, moved to this section of the county with his wife in 1815, having lived for a short time in Virginia. Mildred (Motsinger) Paynter is the daughter of Daniel and Fanny (Shepherd) Motsinger, and was born in Pierce township, eight miles southwest of Salem, in the community where her father's parents settled after leaving North Carolina over a hundred years ago. She is still living on the Paynter farm ; her husband, WilHam Paynter, died in March, 191 3, at the age of seventy-seven years. Mrs. Roscoe Morris traces her ancestry back to the War of the Revolution. Her grandfather, John Paynter, was the son of a soldier who was sent from England with the Hessian soldiers to fight for that country. Upon arriving in this country and learning the American side of the conflict, he deserted the cause of England and fought under George Washington. This country honored him with a pension for his services until his death. He was also the grandfather of Judge Pavnter, Dr. H. M. Paynter and other citizens of distinction.

The children liorn to IMr. and Mrs. Morris are as follow : Lotus, who died in infancy: Elsie, who is at Purdue University; Lois, who completed the high school course in 191 5; Grace, Arthur, Lee and Florence. Mrs. Morris is a member of the Methodist church. Mr. Morris is actively aftiliated with Masons, in which organization he has attained the council degree: lie is also a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and belonged to the Elks, when that organization maintained a club at Salem.

In the drug business few men are better known in the state of Indiana than William Hiram Rudder, a well-known druggist of Salem, Indiana, a gratluate of the Chicago College of Pharmacy, who has been engaged in the business since he was fifteen years nld. Mr. Fxudder served on the state board of pharmacy, first by appointment from (Governor Hanly and second b\- reappointment irom Go\-ernor M;ir.sha]l.

Born on Xoveniber 14, 1871. in Ibiw.-ird tuwnshii), seven miles south of Salem, near what was then calleil Rmlder's mill on Blue river, William Hiram Rudder is the son of W'illi.ini and Xancy M ( Purlee ) Rudder, the former of whom was born in Vernon township on December 12, 1845, 'i"d who wa-. the son of James and Elizabeth ( I'.arnett ) Rudder. James Rudder W.I- liorn in Bath county, Kentuckw October 9, 1826, and died on l,'inuar\ jS. ]i<f<j. He was elected as a member of the Indiana state Legislature in 1 87-' and >er\-ed during both the regular and special sessions. lames Rudder wa- the son of John M. Rudder, who was born on February (1. 1788. in X'irginia. and who died in Washington county. Indiana, in 1852. John M. Rudder wa- the son of Charles Rudder, a native of Lunenberg county, Virginia, who was born in 1760, and who died in Kentucky in 1837. Charles Rudder was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1780 under Captain Threadgill, who commanded a company of A'irginia troops, and having served until the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. John M. Rudder's family consisted of three sons and three- daughters by his second wife, who came to Washington county. They were: Nancy, who married David Barnett; James; Charles; Hiram: Miranda, who married James Fultz; and Amanda, who married Andrew Holsapple. Miranda and Amanda are both living- in Washington county. James Rudder lived near Campbellsburg until about 1864, when he moved to lUue ri\er, se\en miles below Salem, at what was then called Green's mill. He came to Washington county in 1842 with his father, John M. Rudder, who settled about two miles east of Campbellsburg. The family had expected to go to Illinois and instead remained in this county. John M. Rudder had emigrated to Bath county, Kentucky, in 1814, and had there married Lucinda Cartwell in 181 5. His wife died in November, 1823, and he was next married to Elizabeth Kennedy, who became the mother of James Rudder.

After James Rudder's removal into the vicinity Lif Green's mill he purchased the mill and it was thereafter called Rudder's mill. Tb.ere was a farm which was a j^art of the mill property and the family operated this" farm until 1870, when his son, William, was taken into partnership. They were partners together imtil the death of James, in January. 1887. James Rudder was a minister in the Christian church for more than thirty years. and he preached in nearly all of the churches in this part of the state. He was widely known as a minister in Washington. Orange. Harrison and Crawford counties. He assisted in establishing a number of cluirclies and. under his ministry, more thrm three thousand persons were added to the church. His wife, I'^Iizabeth Barnett, was born in Washington count). Kentucky, and was a daughter of William F. and Sarah b". 1 Sloan ) T.;irnett. the former of whom was born in June, 1795, in North Carolina, and died in August, 1863. Sarah Iv Sloan was born in 1797 in Kentucky and dieil in 1850. William F. Barnett was the son of William F. and Mary ( I'.iwliush ) Barnett, both of whom were born in North Carolina and both died in Kentucky, the former at the age of one hundred and three years and the latter at the age of one hundred and five, b^lizalieth Barnett was only four \ears old when she came to Washington county in 1829 and settled with her parents four miles south of Salem, where they lived for several \'ears. The family then moved to a place three miles south oi Campbellsburg. where her parents spent the remainder of their lives. It was there that she was in.ar-

To James Rudder and wife were born six children: William, of Salem; Sarah, who died in 1850, at the age of two years; John, who died in 1854, at the age of three years; Emma L., who is the wife of Asa Elliott, of Salem; Lewis, who died in 1865, at the age of nine years, and Dora, the wife of Jacob Denny, who lives three miles west of Pekin.

William Rudder lived near his father and operated the mill until 1885, when he was appointed to fill the unexpired term of A. J. Mcintosh as sheriff of Washington county. Afterward he was elected to fill the same office and then re-elected. In 1891 he became the partner in the drug business in Salem with Benjamin H. Cravens and engaged in business with him under the firm name of Rudder & Cravens for a little more than two years, when he bought ]\Ir. Cravens' interest in the business and operated it alone until 1895. In 1895 William H. Rudder, the subject of this sketch, was taken into partnership witli his father, liut since 1891 he had the active management of the store.

William Rudder ser\-cd as trustee of Howard t(j\vnship for twelve years while he was engaged in operating the old Rudder mill. He is a member of the York Rite branch of the Masonic fraternity and has filled every position in the Blue lodge, in the chapter and in the council, a number of times. He i:^ ;dso a Knight Templar. He has been an active member of the Christian cluircli fur many years.

Rudder was married on October 26, 1865, to Nancy Purlee, who was horn seven miles south of Salem and who is the daughter of Hiram and Mary (Xaugle) Purlee. Hiram Purlee was born four miles south of Salem on Februar\' 13, 1821, and died on November 19, 1907. He was the son of Jacol) and Xancy (Wright) Purlee. Jacol) Purlee was born in North Carolina alxnit 1790 and came to Washington county in 1814, locating three miles south of Salem, where he entered government land. He married Nanc\- Wright in 181 5 or 1816. She was born on February 17, 1794, in Xdrth Carolina, and died at the age of ninety- four years in 1888, on the farm which her husband had entered south of Salem. This farm passed tn their son and from him to their grandson, who owns it now. Nancy Wright was the daughter of Filbert and Mollv (Sears) Wright, who were married in Rowan county, North Carolina, in 1793, and who came first to Kentucky, and in 1807 to Clark county, Indiana. In 1808 they came to ^^'asllingtr)n county and settled three miles south of Salem, where they entered government land.

Filbert Wright's father. Richard Wright, was either of English or Welsh parentage and was a wealthy landowner in Rowan county, North Carolina. Hiram Purlee grew up south of Salem and was married to Mary Naugle in 1840. She wa; born south of Salem on a farm adjoining that of the Purlees in 1822 and died on ]\larch 20, 1894. She was the daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth ( Young j Xaugle, the former of whom was born in 1798 in Virginia, and who died in Washington county in 1874. He was the son of Nicholas Naugle, who was the son of Jolm Naugle. Nicholas Naugle, it is believed, was born in Germany in 1766, and died five miles east of Salem in 1854, and where he located about 1830. He served in the War of 1812 and, after the battle of New Orleans, in which he participated, had to walk all the way back to A'irginia.

Jacob Naugle, who came to Washington county with his father, and who married Elizabeth Young, was a well-known pioneer citizen. Jacob Naugle had one son who served in the Mexican War and three sons who served in the Civil War. His \\ife, Elizabeth Y'oung, was born in Pennsylvania in 1805 and died ti\e miles south of Salem. She was the daughter of Nicholas and Mary Young, who came to Washington county in 1820. Nicholas Young was born in Pennsylvania in 1779 and died in Washington county in 1843. His wife was born in I'ennsylvania in 1775 and also died in Washington county in 1843. Nicholas Naugle"s father, John Naugle, who was born in Germany, came to America, landing at Boston some time before the American Revolution. He ser\ed in the Re\olutionary army and, Ijeing wounded in ser\-ice, did not live long after the close of that war.

Mrs. Nancy (Purlee) Rudder, who was born on October 17, 1S48, died on September 29, 18S5. She was the mother of .seven children: James L., who was born in 1866 and died in 191 2, was for a number of years a member of the firm of Graves & Company at Salem: Cora E., \\ho was liorn in 1867, died in 1885; Stella M., who is the wife of William Shaffer, lives on the old home place, seven miles south of Salem: William H. is the subject of this sketch; Lawrence Ellis li\cs on the old home farm south of Salem; Lulu Dessie and Belva A. live at home in Salem.

William H. Rudder grew up in the vicinity of Rudder's mill. In 1885 he came to Salem, Indiana, and. four years later, was graduated from the Salem high school. During the winter of 1890-01 he attended the Chicago College of Pharmacy and. in the winter of 1S93-94. attended the same institution, graduating with the class of 1804. Previously, Mr. Rudder had worked in the drug store i^f Charles ^IcClintock. as earlv as 1886. He had worked in the store during the uK^rnings and evenings while attending high school. He remained at home until September, 1890, but in July, 1891, came into his father's drug store as the manager. In 1895 he became a partner in the business and has continued so ever since. Mr. Rudder was a member of the Indiana Board of Pharmacy from May, 1907, to May, 1915, serving altogether a term of eight years. He is an active Democrat, but has never held any office except the honorary membership on the board of pharmacy.

Air. Rudder is a member of the Christian church and has been a member since 1886. For a number of years he has been an elder in the church and is active in religious and fraternal work. He has held all of the chairs in the Blue lodge, the chapter and the council of the Masonic fraternity. Mr. Rudder is also a member of the National and State Pharmaceutical Associations and has served as a member of many important committees in both organizations.

On October 26, 189S, William FI. Rudder was married to Edith Attkisson, who was born at Gumming, Georgia, and is the daughter of Stephen Gurtis and Zerelda (Sill) Attkisson. Mrs. Rudder's father was bom in Salem in 1833 and died on October 27^. 1903, at Salem, where he spent most of his life. He was the son of Alexander and Jemima (Oglesby) Attkisson, both of whom were born in Virginia, the father in 1790 and the mother in 1792. His father died in 1857 in Salem and the mother in 1838. They came first to Kentucky and then to Washington county, Indiana, in the early twenties. .Alexander Attkisson taught school for a number of years in Washington county. In 1833 he was elected sheriff of Washington county and ser\'ed until T838. He was afterward elected recorder of the county. His wife, Jemima Oglesby, came from an old aristocratic Virginia family. Stephen Gurtis Attkisson entered the Union army as a first lieutenant of Gompany D, Thirty-eighth Indiana Infantry, and served three years. After he returned home, he organized Company C, One Hundred and Forty- fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and .served with distinction throughout the remainder of the war. He was appointed revenue collector for the Georgia district and served continuously for eleven years. After this, he returned to Salem and was engaged in various enterprises until 1889, when he engaged in the Pullman service as a conductor, serving until his death, in 1903. His ^\ife. wlin, before her marriage, was Zerelda Sill, was born at New Albany on March 5, 1S42. her parents being William and Harriet (Robinson) Sill. Sill was born in .Mlegheny county, Pennsylvania. He came first to Ohio and tluii to Xew \lbany, Indiana. Harriet (Robinson) Sill belonged to the I lamilton f.'iniily and was a distant relative of Alexander Hamilton. William Sill died in Xew .\lbany and, after his death, his widow married a Mr. Gibbons and they came to Washington connty and lived here many years. She died here about 1905. Her daughter, Zerelda (Sill) Attkisson, came to Washington county with her and is still living at Salem. Mrs. Rudder grew up at Salem and was graduated from the Salem high school in the same class as her husljand. She is a member of the Methodist church and is active in all church work, and for twenty years she was the organist of the church. She is also an accomplished pianist. She is the mother of two children, one son, born in July, i8oq, who died in infancy, and Stephen William, born on May 12. 1906.

John T. J. Gr.-Wks

One of the leading bitsiness men of Washington county, Indiana, is John T. J. Graves, merchant and banker of Salem. Mr. Graves was born on October 24, 1875, in Pierce townslnp, this county, son of William A. and Mary (Elrod) Graves, a sketch of whose lives appears elsewhere in this book. John T. J. Graves was a boy of ten years when the famil}' moved to the town of Pekin, and there he attended school and grew to young manhood. He received his later education at Borden Institute, Borden, Indiana, and upon completing his college work, at the age (if twenty, in May, 1895, he was united in marriage with Leota C. L"aul)lc, who was born ni I'ekin, a daughter of Andrew J. Cauble and sister uf ( )mar L. C'auble, whose family history is given elsewhere in this volume, dating back to the time of the first settlement of this count}-.

I'^or two or three years after marriage, ]\[r. Graves worked in the timber business and then established a hardware and implement business at Pekin, and leaving this in charge of bis brother, Olixer I', (iraxes, he took a position on the road as traveling salesman for the I'arr) Manufacturmg Company of Indianapolis. After two \ears of tlii- work, he ga\e up and took charge of his business in I'ekin. In m)00 he established a branch house at Salem, and in the fall of loo.i disposed of the I'ekin store. The following winter he moved his family to Salem, where he has since resided and given his attention to the develojiment of hi> v.irions liu^iness connections in this place. He admitted James L. Rudde business at Salem and in the fall of 1904 the\ er( block, which they occupy on South Main street, b buildings in Salem. It has two stories and ba'-emei forty-eight by one hundred and forty-four feet. The firm has always been known as J. T. J. Graves & Company, and to their original lines they have added buggies, harness and a full line of such supplies as farmers need. Their business has steadily grown and has reached most pleasing proportions.

In the fall of 1906 Mr. Graves purchased the Pekin Canning factory, and has continued to operate it since. He assisted in the organization of the Farmers State Bank, which commenced business in 1909, and has served as president of that institution from the first. This bank has a capital stock of forty thousand dollars and does a thriving business. Mr. Graves also has business connections in the city of Paoli. In the spring of 1915 he organized the Paoli Hardware Company and is vice-president and a director of the company. They deal in hardware, implements, buggies, harness and farmers' supplies. Mr. Graves was also one of the promoters of the Paoli State Bank, which begun business in the fall of 1914, and is engaged in other Inisiness enterprises in both cities.

Jn politics, ]\Ir. Graves is an ardent Republican, and on that ticket was elected clerk of the circuit court in the fall of 1906, discharging the duties <if that ottice in a satisfactory manner. He holds fraternal affiliation with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and also with the Modern Woodmen of iVmerica. To Mr. and Mrs. Graves has been born a family of five children, namely: Ruby, Lena, Elizabeth, Paul Andrew and George Ciarland, all of whom are attending school. Ruby having graduated from the Salem high school in the class of 1914-15, and is now taking a commercial course in the local business college.

Caleb W. Morris

I"ew nun ha\-e li\ed a in(jre vigorous life than did the late Caleb W. .\li>rns, a real friend to the needy, a neighbor in the most complete sense (if the term and a father and husbantl whose wise council and tender devotion crciitcd an ideal home atmosphere, as well as engendered the love of his fellownicn. His life work is a bc-ttcr monument than aught else, for his creed of life was, "To do something, to go f<.)rward, he honest, just and kind."

laleli W. .Morris was horn (in June 10, 1838. in Gibson township, Washington count\. Indiana, < )n Deceml)er 14, 1865, he was united in marri;ige to .Mar\ P.. (, arr, and ele\en children were Ijorn of the union, of whom two died in infancy. Alonzo died on July 24, i8q8, at the age of twentysix. He liad married Betty Brown, and two children were horn of their union. Edith and Harry. The widow and children are living in Louisville, Kentucky; Janette is at h(jnie with her mother; Roscoe C. ; Emanuel married Pearl Turnbaugh, and is living in Kansas City, Missouri; Essie is the wife of Preston Purlee, and they are the parents of five children. Dare, Naomi, Bruce, Frank and Robert. Their home is in or near Elexis, Illinois; Josie is the wife of James Summers, and they are the parents of three children, Ruth, Mary and James W'oodrow. They also are living near Elexis, Illinois; Martha married Claud Cauble, and their home is located about four miles southeast of Sa.lem, Indiana. They ha\e four children, Wilma, Caleb, Lloyd and Clair; Blanch resiiles under the parental rooftree; Clifford married Otha Shocky, and they have one child. Ralph. They live on the home place, which is managed by Clififord Morris.

Caleb W. Morris was a member of the Free and Accepted Masons for a period of fifty years and had attained the chapter. He and his wife were active in the work and support of the Christian church, giving unselfishly of time, money and lo\e. His death occurred on June 24. 1915. aged seventyseven years. The community mourn his loss as a valued frienil that is no more, but lovinglv lives in the luemorv.

Otto C. Zink

Dating from the days of the beginning of a social order hereabout, the Zink family has been identified with affairs in Washington county. The first of the name to settle in this county was Peter Zink, a Virginian, who came here as a young man and entered land from the government at a point one and one-half miles from Salem, the farm on which Calel") W. Morris now lives, and there he spent the rest of his life. Peter Zink became one of the prominent factors in the dexelopment of that section (jf the county and was known as an industrious and sturdy citizen, lie married Sallie Wright, who was l)(.)rn in the P.lue ri\er neighliorhood. in this county, daughter of one of the county's earliest ))ioneers, a h.istory of whose family is presented elsewhere in this xolumc in the sketch relating to .Marion Wright, and to this union se\eral children were born, one ot whom, Emanuel Zink, liorn in iSjj. grew up on the old h(.mestead and. in his turn, l)ecame a valualile factor in that c<imnuinit\'. In the earl\- da\s,

Emanuel Zink leased quarry rights to Mr. Marigold, who opened a valuable vein of stone on the Zink farm, from which later was developed one of the most profitable quarries in this part of the state. The Marigold rights later were sold to Ephraim HoUis, who presently sold the lease to James Needham and Emanuel Zink, who continued working the quarry for twelve or fourteen years, getting out most excellent building stone, some of which was shipped long distances for the construction of public buildings, particularly in the South, one notable building constructed from this stone being the state capitol at Atlanta, Georgia. The Washington county court house at Salem also is constructed of stone from this quarry as are the Lyons block and the Berkey Brothers' building, in Salem. When the quarry was operated bj- Needham & Zink. about seventy-five men were employed, but when it later was bought by a Louisville company and more thoroughly developed, a much larger force was employed. Emanuel Zink was the owner of a valuable farm in the Muscatatuck bottoms, but after he sold the quarries, he retired and moved into Salem, where his declining days were spent. He was a Democrat and for many years was active in local politics, though never having been an office seeker. His brother, Hiram Zink, was one of the county commissioners at the time the present court house was built.

Emanuel Zink married Mary Ann Wiseman, who was born in Pierce township, this county, near the line of Blue River township, in 1828, daughter of Jacob and Polly (Ratts) Wiseman, pioneers of that section, the former of whom was a native of North Carolina, and to this union there were born several children, who were reared on the old Zink farm. Jacob D. Zink, Ijorn in 1848, son of Emanuel and Mary Ann (Wiseman) Zink, was tweh'e or fourteen years of age when his father engaged in the quarry business and for many years he was usefully employed about the quarry. In 1S83 he left the quarry and bought part of the old home farm, which he personally operated, though making his home in Salem. In 1898 he moved to the farm, where his wife died in 1901, and in 1903 he moved back to Salem, where he has lived ever since.

In 1868 Jacob D. Zink was united in marriage to Martha E. Crim, who was born near Martinsburg, daughter of Martin and Emaline (Fowler) Crim, the former of whom was born in Shelby county, Kentucky, on July 28, 1816, son of Martin Crim, Sr., and wife. The senior Martin Crim was a Virginian, who emigrated to Kentucky in the early days, his parents having been included in the number of the colonists who accompanied 144)

Daniel Boone's party to what then was the county of Kentuck)-, a part of the Old Dominion. His father was slain by the Indians while he was plowing in a small field adjacent to the Crim cabin in Kentucky. ]\Iartin Crim, the elder, married a daughter of Samuel Jacobs, who was engaged with Daniel Boone in the Indian wars, and their son, [Martin, in 1842, married, in Floyd county, Indiana, Eliza Jane Fowler, daughter of Richard and Docia (Miller) Fowler. ]\Iartin Crim, Jr., was a man of exceptionally strong influence upon the life of a past generation in this part of the state. Of clean, upright character, he was a gentleman in the best sense of the word and for many years wrought well hereabout. In his earlier manhuod he taught school, later entering upon the practice of medicine and the ministry of the Gospel, preaching for various churches of the Disciples of Christ in a circuit comprising Washington and adjoining counties.

To Jacob D. and Martha E. (Crim) Zink seven children were l)orn. Otto Cyrus. I'.dwin Augustus, Maude ^label. Olivia Pearl, Clara Eillian, Harriet Estelle and Florence Helen. .\s noted alio\e. die niMtlur of these children died in 1901 and their father is now living in Sak-ni. enjoying, in "the sunset time" of his life many evidences of the long-continued confidence and esteem of his many friends. He was an acti\e nienilier of the Masonic lodge, but in latter years has relimiuished his meln]le^^hip. and, as a Democrat, for }'ears took an act part in the count}'s political al'tairs. For three or four years he ser\ed as dejiuty shcrirt and for tour years was a member (jf the Salem town council, lie superintended the construction oi the first mck road made in Washington count\. the .Millport mad. and in many ways has displayed his i-nterprisi' and public spirit.

Otto Cyrus Zink, eldest son of Jacolj D. and Martha l'.. 1 Crim ) Znik, and present treasurer of Washington county, was born on the old Zink homestead farm, west of Salem, on December 31. iSGo, and wa-- ten years of age when his fann'ly mo\ed to Salem. .\11 but his elementary scIt-mIui-, therefore, was obtained in the county seat and he was gradnatetl from the Salem high school vith the class of 1888. .Vt the age of twenty-one he married and began farming. For one year he farmed his father's place west of Salem and then rented the Gayer Knight farm at the west edge of Salem, now parti)- in the cit\- limit-, remaining there i\\" \e,irs, at the end of which time he purchased a f;irm in the Canton neigliborlio.Kl. where he li\e(l until the fall of Tr)07. .He then imrch.ised a farm oiu-h:ilf nn'le east of Salem, the Collins farm, on the ( '.anton ro.ad. whei'e be lixed until his wife's death about two ^-ears later, .after which sid e\eni he sold the frn'm and since then has lived with hi- f.atber .and sisters in Salem. Mrs, Zinlc w:is ;i member of one of the old families of Washington township, she having been, before her marriage, Caddie O. Reyman, daughter of Joseph E. aud Emma (Jones) Reyman. She was taken by death in March, 1909, and her passing was the occasion of much mourning among her many friends, for she was a woman of many admirable qualities, who was held in the highest esteem by all who knew her.

Otto C. Zink is a Democrat and for year has been prominently identified with the party organization in this county, having been several times selected as a member of the Democratic county central committtee. For several years he was supervisor of Washington township and for nine years served as assessor or deputy assessor of the same township. In July, 1912, he received the appointment of deputy county treasurer, and which he left to take the position of county treasurer on January i, 1916. Mr. Zink has a wide reputation as a progressive farmer and from 1898 to 1908 was active in the affairs of the Salem Farmers' Club. During the progress of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis in 1904, he had charge of the Indiana fruit exhibit at that great exposition for some time. He is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men and of the Order of Pocahontas and is a member of the Christian church, .as was his wife. He is public spirited, energetic and enterprising and has the confidence and regard of the entire communitv.

Charles W. Murphey, of Salem, \Vashington county, Indiana, wellknown physician and surgeon, having more than a local reputation in his profe^sion, was born on April 24, 1857, near Marengo, in Crawford county, this state, son of Isaac and Martha ( Wnod) Murphey. Isaac Murphey was born in Floyd county, Indiana, in i8_'9, and his wife, Martha Wood, was born in Crawford county, her people having come to this section from the \icinity of Har])cr"s I'erry, \'irginia, and Mr. Murphey's father having conic from near Shenandoah, in the same state. Isaac Murphey was a farmer and trader for many years, keeping up the active duties of life until n)ii- when they retired and came to Salem for residence. They live on Xnrth Main street and, considering their ages, both are enjoying remarkable licalth. Mrs. Mur])hey is eighty years of age and her husband is six years her senior. On June 24. 1915, this elderly couple celebrated the sixty- third anniversary of their marriage, having with them their three hving children, Mrs. Frank Coombs, of Salem, Mrs. Mary Anderson, of Muskegee, Oklahoma, and Doctor Murphey, the subject of this sketch.

Isaac Murphey has hved a long and active life, and some of the most interesting stories he tells are of his experiences when, as a youth of twenty years, he joined a company of men on the long overland journey into the newly-discovered gold fields of California. His company consisted of forty wagons, averaging four men and six oxen to each wagon, all under the guidance of Capt. Dave Lindley, of Paoli, this state, who rode the only horse in the party. The company left Indiana in April, starting from New Albany, saw thousands of buffalo and Indians as they crossed the plains, viewed the lofty height of Pike's Peak, heard Brigham Young preach in Salt Lake City, crossed the Sierra Nevada mountains and reached their destination at Hangtown, California, in October. Mr. Murphey was fairly successful in his undertaking, the largest nugget he found bringing him one hundred and eighty dollars. He returned home in 1852; leaving San Francisco by boat, he was nme days on the Pacific, nearly three days crossing the Isthmus of Panama and nine days more on the Atlantic, his entire passage costing him five hundred and eighty dollars. In crossing the Isthmus, he landed at the coast and walked to the Chagres river, being rowed down that fiver by two Mexicans to Chagrestown, from whence he embarked on the mail boat, which carried him to New York. In San Francisco, shortly before embarking, he enjoyed a rare treat in hearing the world-famous Jenn}- Lind sing, and Mr. Murphey vividly recalls this and other unusual experiences of his adventurous trip to California as a "forty-niner."

Charles \V. Murphey was brought up on a farm near Hardinslnirg, to which his parents moved when he was eight years old, and his elementary education was secured in the district schools near his home. \Vhen not more than a youth, he was teaching school and when nineteen years of age he entered the University of Louisville, graduating therefrom with honors and receiving the faculty gold medal for passing the best competitive examination in all branches of medicine, .\fter graduation. Doctor Murphev went to Texas, where he established a good country practice, remaining there but three years, when he returned to Indiana and entered tlie Indiana Medical College at Indianapolis for jxist-graduatc work. Here he again demonstrated his unusual ability by winning the position of house phvsician at the city free dispensary, but was debarred from this position by a city ordinance stipulating the interne in (|ucstinn must be a graduate of Indiana Medical