Wayne County, Indiana - The whole text, 1912 (part 5 of 16)

John W. Morgan, now a resident of Centerville, whose energy and determination have "acquired for him a home and farm in this county of his nativity, was born in Center township, Wayne county, April 26, 1853. His parents were James W. and Elizabeth (Abden) Morgan, born in Pennsylvania, the father on March 7, 1813, and the mother on Jan. 2, 1S16. The elder Morgan worked in a still house in his native State, though his father was the owner of a fine farm, and in 1844 came to Indiana (see sketches of Gilbert and Henry L. Morgan). John W. Morgan was educated at the district schools of his native township, and early in life, in 1875, left the parental roof and rented a farm in Abington township, which he operated at the time he was married, and which he continued to farm about twentythree years ami then purchased fifteen acres in Center township, having an undivided interest in the home farm, and later he purchased forty acres in Abington township, having sold the fifteen acres to his brothers. Still later, he added sixty acres to this tract, and afterward fifty-five acres. Previous to this he had purchased a residence property in Centerville, where he resided three years, and later purchased 16.44 acres adjoining an eighty-acre farm which Mrs. Morgan inherited. He now has 211.44 acres in one tract and forty acres in another. He disposed of his property in Centerville, and aside from the three years, during which he resided there on account of the school advantages, he resided continuously in Abington township, on one or the other of his farms, until June, 191 1, at which time he removed to Centerville, having built new buildings in the summer of 191 1. He operates his land in a general way and a number uf years was engaged in the breeding of Poland China hogs. His chosen occupation has always been the life of a farmer and in this vocation he has prospered. His industry and activity have won for him a home in the county of his nativity and he is looked upon as a man of ability and strength of character.

In politics he follows the doctrines of the Democratic party on all national issues, but regarding the administration of local affairs is independent, lie is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church at Lucas Grove, in Abington township, his wife alsu being a member of the same religious body. On Jan. 10, 1875, Air. Morgan led to the altar Miss Sarah E. Stevens, born in Abington township, Jan. 11, 1853, daughter of Robert and Sarah (Plessingcr) Stevens, the former born in Abington township, May 10, 1817, and the latter in Pennsylvania, Feb. 19, 1814. Of the union of Mr. and Airs. Morgan were born seven children. Pernina Ann, born Jan. 28, 1876, is th wife of Daniel Tice, a farmer in Webster township; James \V., born Oct. 1, 1878, married Ollie Wood, is a teacher by occupation, and resides in Madison county, Indiana; William E., born Sept. 15, 1881, died Sept. 16, 1899; Grover T., born July 15, 1884, married Nettie Lamott, is a farmer, and resides in Abington township, on his father's farm; Myrtle, born Nov. 15, 1887, is the wife of Ross Petty, a farmer in Jackson township; Roy A., born Jan. 1, 1890, is also farming on his father's farm; and Raymond, bom June 5, 1893, is a member of the class of 1915 in the Indiana University. Mr. Morgan is a member of the Alasonic order at Centerville, the Red A'len at Cambridge City, the Knights of Pythias at Centerville, and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Abington, and has served in all the chairs of the local organization of the last named fraternity. The father of Airs. Morgan was a land owner in Abington township and was a tiller of the soil until he was compelled to retire, and he died in April, 1900, the mother having passed away in June, 1887.

Charles David Miller, deceased, was born in Richmond, Ind., Alay 8, 1870, the third child of Lewis and Elizabeth (Neingert) Miller, the former a native of Germany and the latter of Indiana, now deceased. The son received his education in the schools of his native city and of Abington township, and remained at home until twenty-two years old. On June 15, 1892, he was united in marriage to Aliss Ethel P. Snyder, born near Brownsville, Union county, July 19, 1874, daughter of Oliver T. and Katharine (Keller) Snyder. Airs. Aliller's parents now reside at Ladoga, Ind. After his marriage, Charles D. Miller rented a farm in Abington township belonging to his wife's grandfather, and there resided twelve years. He then purchased the farm where his daughter, Ruby B. Smoker, now resides, having previously bought the forty acres adjoining this tract, and there resided continuously until his death, Oct. 1, 1910, and there the widow and children resided until June I, 191 1, when Airs. Miller took up her residence in Centerville. Mr. Miller was a successful man in his business ventures, owning at the time of his death eighty acres of land, which constituted one of the most neatly equipped farms in the vicinity. To Charles D. and Ethel P. (Snyder) Miller were born four children: Ruby 1!., born Sept. 13, 1893, was married on Dec, 28, 1910, to Earl Smoker, son of William Smoker (see sketch) and they reside on the Miller home-stead, Bertha Katharync, born July 25, 1895 ; Edna Alay, born May 12, 1897; am\ Morris D., born July 2, 1904; the three last named resid- ing at home with their mother. Mr. Miller was a member of the Lutheran church and in his political views was a Republican. He served as director of the Abington and Centerville pike several years. Mrs. Miller's parents were born in Union county, Indiana, and to them were born two children: Carrie, wife of David Reville, of Center township, and Mrs. Miller. Mrs. Miller attends the Christian church.

Mrs. Camilla (Walker) Dill, deceased, was born in Richmond, Ind., Aug-. 10, 1S71. Her father, Lewis C. Walker, was born near Wilmington, Ohio, at which place he studied and practiced the profession of law until he removed to Richmond, in 1869. Her mother, Camilla Farquahr Walker, was born in Palacias, Tex., but upon the death of her father the family moved to Wilmington, Ohio, in 1847. She was married to Lewis C. Walker in 1870, and Camilla (Walker) Dill was their only child. Lewis C. Walker, the father, was elected to the general assembly in 1872, serving two sessions, and on July 23, 1873, the family moved to Indianapolis, where they have since resided. Mr. Walker was elected judge of the Superior Court in 1880, serving twelve years, and since his retirement from that position has been engaged in the active practice of law. Camilla (Walker) Dill was educated at the Girls' Classical School in Indianapolis, under Mrs. May Wright Sewall, graduating in 1889 with high honors. She also studied music under Professors Newland, Cappes and Leckner, and in 1890 spent a year at the New York Conservatory of Music. In the summer of 1891 she traveled in Ireland, Scotland, England, Holland, and France. On June 14, 1892. she was married to Howard Albert Dill and they continued to live in Indianapolis until October, 1895, when they moved to Richmond. During her residence in Indianapolis Mrs. Dill was an active member of the Dramatic Club and of the Matinee Musical Club, and after her removal to Richmond became associated with the Musical Club, the History Class, the Tourist Club, and was a charter member of the Richmond Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. She was also a prominent member of the First Presbyterian Church of Richmond, of which her husband is an elder. Of her marriage with Howard A. Dill were born two children - Dorothy, born in Indianapolis, March 17, 1893, and Malcolm Howard, born in Richmond, Feb. 11, 1899. Her sudden and unexpected death, which occurred at her home in Richmond, April 1, 1910, was the occasion of much regret and sorrow to her host of friends. Her husband and children, with her parents, survive her.

Lewis D. Stubbs, deceased, was many years a leading lawyer and influential citizen of Wayne count)' and prominently identified with public ati'airs. He was the eldest son of Jesse ami Mary (Jones) Stubbs and was born at West Elkton, Preble county, Ohio, July 14, 1833. on the farm on which his grandfather, Samuel Stubbs, had settled when he migrated with his family from Georgia to Ohio in 1805. After receiving the common school education of his native county, Mr. Stubbs attended William llaughton's school at Liberty; thence he went to Farmer's College at College Hill, near Cincinnati, at that time a flourishing institution under the Careys, lie began the study of law with Judge HSyn.es, at Eaton, Ohio, and later graduated at the Cincinnati Law School, lie was admitted to practice in Wayne county, Indiana, in 1857, the year of his removal to Richmond. He visited Centerville the first time, Dec. 18, 1857. The case of John C. Hudelson vs. The Indiana Central Railway Company was on trial. William druse, Oliver P. Morton, and John F. Kibbe'y were attorneys for the plaintiff; John S. Newman, Jesse P. Siddall, and Samuel \Y. Parker were for the defendants. He had letters of introduction to Judge Perry and returned to Richmond with him in his buggy. In 1S67 he was elected mayor to fill the unexpired term of Mayor John Finley. This was the only political position ever held by Mr. Stubbs, although he was a most indefatigable worker for the Republican cause. For many years he was chairman of the Republican County Committee and gave of his time and means liberally to the work. He was chairman of the Congressional District and member of the State Central Committee. His devotion to politics was, however, more a matter of principle and an inheritance from public-spirited and anti-slavery ancestors, than a desire for personal advancement. As a lawyer Mr. Stubbs enjoyed a large practice, confined largely to civil cases, lie was a careful and laborious student, a man of sound judgment ami comprehension of legal questions, and unfailingly courteous to those with whom his profession brought him in contact. Judge Comstock said of him : "His successes at the bar were always fairly won. * * * Fie came out of protracted and trying litigation with the respect and good will of the opposing counsel. He never attempted oratory. * * * His strength did not lie in his ability as an advocate, but his good sense, his industry and learning in the law, and his high character commanded for him the respectful healing of every court before which he appeared. No one ever spoke slightingly of his character or his ability as a lawyer or as a man. :;: * * No one in or out of the profession was freer from pretense or fraud." Though quiet and unassuming, Mr. Stubbs was a man of extraordinary attainments. His minci was a storehouse of general information, gathered from every field of literature, lie was one of the organizers of the Tuesday Club and a leading spirit in that coterie of broad-minded and cultured people which became famous in the annals of Richmond. In short, he was a good man and a true gentleman of the old school, a citizen whose record is without a blemish. His wife was Emily A. Mendenhall, daughter of Kirk and Amanda (Woodward) Mendenhall, born near West Milton, Miami county, Ohio, May 9, 1836. Her father was the son of Caleb and Susanna (Gardner) Mendenhall, also of that Quaker migration of 1805 to Ohio, from Georgia, on account of slavery in the South. The marriage of Lewis D. Stubbs and Emily A. Mendenhall occurred at West Elkton, Ohio, Oct. 2, 1856. The following year they moved to Richmond. Mrs. Stubbs was a beautiful woman, unusually energetic and equally studious with her husband, who enjoyed and encouraged her mental activity. She devoted much of her time to the study of art, for which she in- herited a talent from her father. She was skillful in drawing and designing and was one of the earliest china painters in the country. She was a charter member of the State Keramic League, president of the Richmond Keramic Club, and of the Sketch Club, and one of the organizers and promoters of the Richmond Art Association. She was also active in the social life of the town, a member of the Tuesday Club and other literary clubs. She was a member of St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Air. Stubbs died Jul}' 8, 1902. Airs. Stubbs died Feb. 23, 1908. Two daughters, their only children, survive them: Ada L., widow of William C. Bernhardt, deceased, now librarian of the Morrisson-Reeves Library ; and Edna, wife of Rev. J. E. Cathell. They aie both residents of Richmond.

John Elwood Bundy, landscape painter and director in the Art Association, is numbered among the popular and highly esteemed citizens of the city of Richmond, where he has his residence and one of the most interesting art studios in America. Mr. Bundy was born in Guilford county, North Carolina, May 1, 1853, a son of John and Mary (Moore) Bundy, likewise born in Guilford county, North Carolina. In 1858 they removed to a farm in Morgan county, Indiana, where they lived the remainder of their lives, the father dying in 1891 and the mother in 1893. The father was one of the honored and substantial citizens of Morgan count). Mr. Bundy was reared on the old farm and resided with his parents until twenty-four years old. lie was educated in the district schools, supplemented by private study and reading, as the district schools did not afford man) advantages in those days. When he was eight years old his drawings of familiar scenes, animals, and persons, possessed such merit as to receive the favorable comment of his neighbors, and he determined that art should be his life work. As the years rolled swiftly by he continued to sit at the feet of Mother Nature, studying her in all her varied moods. At length he went to Indianapolis, where he received instruction from B. S. Hayes, then considered the most successful portrait painter in the State, and subsequently the young man studied in New York City and was allowed the privilege of copying at the Metropolitan Museum. In 1877 Mr. Bundy commenced teaching art at Martinsville, Morgan county, Indiana, and for the next ten years denoted himself to his chosen vocation, doing some tine work in the meantime. Then coming to Earlham College, he' took charge of the Art Department and was connected therewith eight years. He resigned this position in 1805, m order to devote himself more exclusively to painting, and because the demands upon his time had become too exacting. Since then he has been able to fill many commissions which he has received for landscape paintings. One of his best known efforts, entitled "Early Spring," a canvass 40x60 inches, hangs on the walls of Earlham College, as does also a fine portrait of Professor Morgan, painted from life. Mr. Bundy is an artist of national reputation and lias exhibited his paintings in the principal exhibitions. East and West. His fame rests chiefly on his ability to interpret the gentle words of nature, in quiet woodland, scenes, early spring with melting snows, and the tenderness of landscape in twilight. Many of his paintings are owned in the schools and homes of Richmond and hy various collectors in all parts of the country. The most notable paintings are owned as follows: "Winter in Whitewater Valley," John B. Dougan, of Richmond; "A Trout Brook," Dr. Ualsey C. Ives, of St. Louis; "Woodland Memories," Mrs. M. J. Clark, of Grand Rapids; "Woodland Pastures," Mrs. W. 11. Cole, of Duluth ; "Heart of Beechwoods." Museum of Fine Arts, of St. Louis; and "Blue Spring," the Art Association of Richmond. In 1875 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Bundy to Miss Mar}- A. Marlatt, born and reared in Morgan count)', Indiana, and they have two sons - Arthur L. and Walter K. Arthur L. lias inherited some of his father's genius and is a photographer in the city of Richmond. Walter E. is a civil engineer and is located in Chicago.

Samuel K. Morgan, a prominent real estate dealer of the city of Richmond, was horn in the southern part of Hamilton county, Ohio, Feb. 24, TS52. His father, Samuel Morgan, was a native of Pennsylvania, bom near Perrin's Mill, and his mother, Eliza (Kennedy) Morgan, was born in Montgomery, Hamilton county, Ohio, where she and her husband were married. The. father was twentysix years old when he came to Ohio with his father, Frank Morgan. The Morgans are of Scotch descent. The father learned the trade of a cooper in early life and worked at it until twenty -three years old, after which he followed farming a number of years. During the Civil war he was a feed contractor at old Camp Monroe, at Carthage, Ohio, where troops were recruited and supplies purchased and sent to the army. The family resided there when the Confederate, Gen. John Morgan, made his raid through that country. After the close of the war Samuel Morgan returned to agricultural pursuits and devoted his attention to farming until he retired about ten years before his death. He resided at Hart well, Ohio, a suburb of Cincinnati, until about 1890, when he received his summons to another world. He was an Old Hickory Democrat in his political views and at one time was a member of the Knights of the Golden Circle. His wife, the mother of Samuel K. Morgan, passed away in 1861, and of their union were born four sons and four daughters, all of whom grew to maturity, with the exception of the youngest, Newton, who was drowned at the age of thirteen. Frank is deceased; John resides at Anderson, Ind.; Samuel (v. is the next in order of birth; Vermillia married a Mr. Clark and is deceased; Joanah is the widow of a Mr. Stevenson and resides at Robinson, 111. ; and Mary and Clara died of smallpox in 1864. After the death of his first wife the father married Mary Emmons, of Massachusetts, and she is now living in California with her two daughters, the survivors of a family of four - a son and three daughters - born of this marriage. The father was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church at Sherronville, Ohio. Samuel K. Morgan was educated in the Old Runyon school-house, District No. 4, of Sycamore township, Hamilton county, Ohio, which he attended until twelve years old, and for two years thereafter rendered his father much able assistance about the old homestead. On the first Monday in Oc- tober, 1866, he came to Richmond, and from that time on for twenty-nine years furnished straw for the Richmond Paper Mills and did contracting and general teaming and the handling of all kinds of heavy work. In 1895 he engaged in the real estate business and the past thirteen years has been in his present location, meeting with success as the reward of honest effort and industry. In politics he is a Republican and for one term served in the office of market master uf the city. Fraternally he has membership in the Red Men and the Order of Moose. He is married to Ella S. Boone, daughter of Sampson and Elizabeth (Sanders) Boone, of Richmond, both deceased. The father was a farmer in early life and a number of years was trustee of Wayne township, lie also for thirteen years was in the employ of Gaar, Scott & Company, in Richmond. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Morgan occurred March 29, 1877, and they have two sons - Omar P. and Walter S. - both of whom are plumbers by occupation.

Henry Werking Keagy, a prominent and influential citizen of Hagerstown, this county, was born in Blair county, Pennsylvania, March 19, 1858. His father, Christian Keagy, a native of the Keystone State, married Christina Werking, mother of the subject of this review and a native of the State of Pennsylvania, where both parents lived out their allotted years and died. The father was a farmer and flour miller by occupation. He was a member of a religious sect known as the "River Brethren," while the mother had membership in the Church of God, but they were both faithful to the father's church. In politics he was a Republican. Of their union were bom twelve children - Daniel, William, Mary M., Charles, Martha, James, David F., Henry W., Abram L., George M., Minnie, and Christiana, all deceased with the exception of Charles, in the bakery business at Altoona, Pa.; Henry W. ; and Christiana, a dressmaker in Martinsburg, Pa. Henry W. Keagy acquired his elementary education in the district schools of his native State, was reared on a farm, and at the age of sixteen commenced working out by the month. For three years he worked in Pennsylvania and the next three years in Indiana. He came to Indiana at the age of nineteen and located in Wayne county, near Hagerstown. At the age of twenty-one he secured employment in the flour mill of Miller Brothers, at New Castle, but in a few months returned to Hagerstown and entered the employ of Zachariah Teeter, in the same line of business. In 1882, having accumulated a small capital, he purchased Mr. Teeter's interest in the lumber, mill and contracting business of Teeter & Werking, and has since been successfully so engaged, the linn being known as Werking & Keagy. In 1891, William Werking withdrew from the firm, John M. Werking and Mr. Keagy becoming sole owners, and Mr. Keagy gives his time and attention to the management of the business, together with the office work. He is a Republican politically, and though he has never sought public office has been for two terms selected by popular vote to the office of member of the school board of Hagerstown, and at present is the treasurer of the board.

He is a devout and enthusiastic member of the Christian church, with which religious faith he has been affiliated a number of years. On Dec. 10, 1885, he was united in holy wedlock to Miss Mary Ellen Teeter, daughter of Zachariah and Barbara (Hoover) Teeter, who for man> years before their deaths resided in the village of Hagerstown. Of this happy union a son was born - George Henry, born Sept. 5, 1891. He received his preliminary education in the Hagerstown schools, prepared for college at the De Lancey School in Philadelphia, and is now in the University of Pennsylvania, taking a course in architecture, and will graduate with the class of 1913. Mr. Keagy has an interest in the Light Inspection Car Company and also has real estate possessions in Arkansas and Mexico. John W. Leavell, living retired at the residence of his son, William T. Leavell, in Jefferson township, was born in what is now Tipton county, Indiana, Feb. II, 1842, the first child of Benjamin and Fannie (Thornburgh) Leavell, natives of Kentucky and Indiana respectively. The members of the Leavell family participated prominently in the Revolutionary war, the paternal great-grandfather, John Leavell, serving throughout the entire conflict, and since that period they have always borne an active part in all local affairs of the community in which they lived. The family lineage, for the purposes of this review, begins with the Revolutionary ancestor, John Leavell, who moved from Virginia to Kentucky about 1790. His son, Robert Leavell, was born in Virginia, moved with his parents to Kentucky, and in 181 1 removed to Wayne county, Indiana, taking up a claim of 120 acres of land, upon which is located a part of the village of Jacksonburg. He served as a soldier in the war of 1812. He laid out the village of Jacksonburg and remained there until about 183 1, when he moved to a place about one mile north of Hagerstown, where he purchased 231 acres of land, the same now being owned by Adam Rowe and II. C. Knode. There Robert Leavell and his wife, Sarah, born in Virginia, spent the remainder of their lives, he dying in 1847, at the age of seventyone years, and she in 1857, at lne a8'e of seventy-five years. They were the parents of ten children: Elizabeth, born in 1801, married John Scott and had a son, Joshua; Gabriel died in childhood; James, born in 1804, married Elizabeth Cooper, of Wayne county, in an early day removed to Tipton county, where he entered 120 acres of government land and remained there the residue of his life; Benjamin was the next in order of birth; Ezekiel, born in 1808, married Sarah A. Bales, a native of Wayne county, and of East Tennessee parentage, and they had six children - Margaret E., John II., Lorinda J., Benjamin F., Thomas J., and William M., and after the death of the mother Ezekiel again married, of which union were born three children - Sarah F., Dora, and Lorain L. ; Caroline, born in 181 1, married Lewis Jones at the age of eighteen years and died soon thereafter; Mary, born in 1813, died in childhood; Malinda, born in 1815, was married, Jan. 7, 1836, to Carter T. Jackson, a native of Kentucky, and with him, in 1838, removed to Tipton county, where she died in 1873, having reared a family of six sons and three daughters; Nancy, born in 1817, in Wayne county, married Dory Matthews, of Marion county, and died soon thereafter; and Sarah, born in 1819, married Newton J. Jackson, moved to Tipton county in 1838, and died in the prime of life, leaving two children. Benjamin Leavell, the father of John \V., was born in Fayette county, Kentucky, Nov. 6, 1806, and in 181 1 came with his parents to Wayne county, where he was reared to manhood. In January, 184 1, he removed to Tipton county and settled on 160 acres of land, which he cleared, putting 100 acres in a state of cultivation and erecting the necessary buildings. All this he accomplished within a period of ten years by his own efforts, and his was one of the first brick residences in that count}'. lie accumulated 340 acres of land in Tipton- county and resided there until 'his death, Oct. 29, 1868. His wife, Fanny (Thornburgh) Leavell, was burn on her father's farm, three miles north of 1 lagerstown, Nov. 8, 1 82 1, daughter of William and Martha Thornburgh, natives of East Tennessee who removed to Wayne county in 1816, and her death occurred Dec. 14, 1893, m Tipton county. To Benjamin Leavell and wife were born seven children: John W. is the eldest; Martha R., born in April, 1844, was married in 1862 to John O. Green, who died in 1867, after the birth of two children - Benjamin Ik and Maude E. (deceased) - and a few years later Martha married Jasper N. Wright, a native of Wayne county, and of that union were born two sons - Gilbert and Jesse ; Losada J., born in August, 1846, married C. H. Hobbs, and the)' have five children - Nellie, Minnie, Thomas B., Melvin W., and Guy; Nancy V., born in October, 1848, married John Hobbs in 1867, and they have six children - Nettie, Maude, Benjamin A., Morton, Fred B., and Chalmer L. ; Sarah E., born in January, 1852, was married in 1872 to T. B. Bates, deceased, and of their union were born two daughters - Ora and Mabel ; Mary E., born in May, 1856, married Lemuel Darrow in March, 1S73, and they have four children - Fannie, Ollie, Omar, and Mary; and Josephine, born in August, 1859, is the wife of W. S. Roberson, of Elwood, Ind. John W. Leavell was born and reared on a farm, where he worked until twenty-two years of age. His education was acquired at the district schools, through his attendance during the winter months. After leaving the farm he learned the tanner's trade, which occupation he followed until 1877, at which time lie purchased eighty acres of unimproved land in Tipton county, to which he afterward added until he owned 280 acres. He became actively interested in public affairs and in the spring of 18S1 was appointed one of the ditch commissioners for Tipton county, in which capacity he assisted in surveying and locating fifty-five drains, and he served in that position eighteen months. In November, 18S2, he was elected sheriff of Tipton county by ninety-six majority, on the Republican ticket, although the county was Democratic by about 400 votes. Since the death of his wife he has resided at the home of his son in Jefferson township, this county. Fraternally, Mr. Leavell has been a member of the Masonic lodge at Elwood since 1866, and while never affiliated, with any church association is a true follower of the principles of religion and takes a profound interest in all movements which look to the furtherance of the intellectual, moral and spiritual wellbeing of his fellow men. In March, 1862, he was married to Miss Molcy Beeson, daughter of James and Sarah Beeson, natives of North Carolina who were brought to Wayne county by their parents in 1808, and five children blessed this happy union: Dora B., born in December, 1862, married Z. E. Darrow and died in September, 1908, the mother of two children - Lola Maude (deceased), and Cecil Howard; William T. was born in January, 1865; Benjamin, born in October, 1867, and now in the real estate and loan business in Tipton count)', married Nettie Mavity and they have two daughters - Dora B. and Bernice; Cora M., born in July, 1870, died at the age of eight years; and Leolitas, born in November, 1872, married Minnie Fouch, in 1896, and they have four daughters - Mary E., Ruth, Nina, and Geraldine. Mrs. Molcy (Beeson) 'Leavell was born in Madison county, Indiana, May 8, 1842, her death occurring at her home in Tipton county, Sept. 12, 1909. She was a loving wife, a devoted mother, and a woman of excellent traits of character, which endeared her to her family and a wide circle of friends. William T. Leavell, the eldest son, was born in Tipton county, educated in the district schools, and worked upon his father's farm until arriving at man's estate. He was married to Capitola Nance, a daughter of Theodore and Lovica (Parker) Nance, of Tipton, Ind. He then rented 160 acres of land in Tipton county and followed dairying and farming until 1888, when he moved to his father's farm and there followed the same lines of industry until 1892. The father then sold that farm and William T. purchased eighty-seven acres west of Tipton and remained there nine years, engaged in general farming. In 1899 ne s°ld that place and removed to Wayne county, purchasing 160 acres of land in Jefferson township, about one and one-half miles northwest of Hagerstown, wdiere he has since followed general farming. To him and his wife have been born two children - John T., born July 12, 1887, and Fred, born Feb. 18, 1896. John T., a farmer in Jefferson township, was married in November, 1904, to Bertha Turnpaw and they have three children: Mary Imogene, born May 22, 1906; Molcy Bernetha, born Ma)' 4, 1908; and Harold Leon, born March 18, 1910. Mrs. William T. Leavell was born Nov. 16, 1868.

Harry Fremont Ewbank is an able representative of the beneficent industry of agriculture and is successfully established in that occupation in New Garden township. He is specially skilled in the industry and in the technical knowledge pertaining to its application, and by this reason has been most successful. Mr. Ewbank is a native of Wayne township, this county, born July 31, 1855, a son of Thomas and Hannah (King) Ewbank, the former born in Dearborn county, Indiana, in 1827, and the latter in Wayne county in 1829. The great-grandfather, John Ewbank, came from England to Dearborn county in September, 181 1, purchased a section of land and added to his possessions until he owned 1,000 acres. The paternal grandfather, Thomas Ewbank, was an Englishman by birth, coming with his father and settled in Dearborn count)', Indiana, where he died in 1857. The father, also named Thomas

Ewbank, was reared and educated in his native county, where his early training was in connection with the work of the home farm. He followed agricultural pursuits in Dearborn county until 185 1 and thereafter was a resident uf Wayne county during the remainder of his active business career. He was a man of industry, energy, and inflexible integrity ami was held in high esteem in the community which represented his home. He passed to the life eternal, Feb. 1, 1900. He was married to Hannah King, in 1846, his wife being a daughter of Levinus King, and of this union were born thirteen children: Levinus, born in 1848; Charles, born in 1849, died in 1854; William Albert, born in 1852, died in 1854; Elizabeth, born in 1853, married Benjamin Sharp, in February, 1S75; Harry F. is the next in order uf birth; Frank, born in 1857, died in 1891; Norman, born in 1859; James S., born in 1860; Magdaline, born in 1863; Mary, born in 1865, died in infancy, as did also Marcellus, born in 1866, and Esther, born in 1870; and Wilson 1\, born in 1871, was killed by a falling tree in 1901. Harry F. Ewbank gained his preliminary educational discipline in the public school on the Coggeshall farm in Webster township, and at the Olive school and the Concord school, attending until seventeen years old. At the age of twenty he began his independent career, working by the month as a farm hand until 1879, and in 1S91 purchased the farm which he occupies in Xew Garden township. In company with his son he has also conducted a grocery store in Fairview six years. Mr. Ewbank is independent in his political views. On July 9, 1879, he was united in marriage to Miss Emma Jane Miller, born Jan. 17, 1862, daughter of David (deceased) and Rachel Malinda Miller, prominent and influential citizens of Center township. Mrs. Miller is now residing with her children. Of this union were born six children : Charles Clifford, born Sept. 10, 1880, married Estella Dickinson, in Richmond, and is in partnership with his father in the grocery business; Oliver Elbert, born Nov. 24, 1882, married Monna Lee, of Fountain City, and is connected with the grocery; Eddie Wilbur, bom Ala)- 30, 1888, resides on the farm of his father; Irma Hazel, born Feb. 17, 1892, died Aug. 15, 1910; Esther King, born July 25, 1895, and Marian Alice, horn July 3, 1901, are at home. Charles C. and wife have four children - Vernon, Helen, Wilbur, and Myron; and to Oliver and wife have been born two children - Reba, who died in childhood, and Velma C. Mr. and Mrs. Ewbank enjoy the social life of the community and their home is a center of generous hospitality. They are members of the Friends' church. Joseph I. Helms. - No family in Wayne county is held in higher regard or is better known that that of which Joseph I. Helms is a representative in the fourth generation, and when it is stated that his paternal great-grandfather settled here in the Territorial days it becomes evident that the family name has been identified with the annals of the county from the earliest recorded time - in fact, it has been linked with the civic and industrial history of this favored section of the State for a century. It has stood for the highest type of citizenship as one generation has followed another onto the stage of life's activities, and those who have borne it have contributed in a large measure to the development and upbuilding- of what is now an opulent and populous county. Joseph I. Helms, living- in Abington township, was born in that township, Aug. 19, 1874, a son of Michael Helms (see sketch) and is the eldest of four children. He is indebted to the public schools of Abington township for his early educational discipline and his initial services in the held of practical endeavor were rendered on the farm of his father. He was thus employed until twenty-one years old, when he worked one year for his father as a hired man and then operated his father's farm two years. Then, having married, heco-operated in the management of his father-in-law's place two years, at the end of which period he purchased the farm where he resides and which consists of 160 acres of land adjoining Center township. He operates this farm in a general way, including stock raising, and makes a specialty of Poland China hogs, fie devotes his entire time to the farm, which is one of the best equipped in the township, and his modern residence was built in the summer of 1905, the barn being erected in 1908. In politics, Mr. Helms is aligned as a stalwart supporter of the cause of the Republican part)', and is at present a member of the Wayne County Council and also present chairman of Abington township. He is affiliated with Hiram bodge, No. 417, Free and Accepted Masons, at Centerville, being Worshipful Master in 191 1. Aug. 3, 1898, recorded the marriage of Mr. Helms to Miss Maud E. Fender, born in Abington township, Nov. 20, 1876, a daughter of Milbern L. and Frances (Wood) Fender, the former born in Abington township, May 7, 1848, and the latter in Center township, north of Centerville, June 11, 1854. The father became a land owner in Wayne county and devoted his time to general farming. About 1904 he moved to Centerville, where he lived retired until his death, April 18, 1908. Mrs. Helms was his only child. Henry L. Fender, paternal grandfather of Mrs. Helms, was born on the farm where he resides, May 12, 1827, son of Henry and Elizabeth (Long) Fender, natives of North Carolina, the former born in 1779 and the latter in 1780. Henry Fender was a land owner in North Carolina but disposed of his holdings there and came to Indiana in 181 1, settling in Boston township, Wayne county, where he resided two years, and then, in 181 3, came to the farm where his son, Henry E., resides. The surrounding country was then a wilderness and there was no settlement between his farm and Noland's Fork, or what is known as the "Doddridge Settlement." Henry Fender began clearing his land and spent the residue of his life here, dying July 8, 1863, his wife having died in 1861. They were the parents of twelve children, Henry L. being the youngest and the only one living.

Elihu Hiatt, residing in the township of Abington after a busy career as an agriculturist, was born in Darke county, Ohio, June 24, 1839, son °f Jabez and Anna (Sullivan) Hiatt, natives of North Carolina. Jabez Hiatt removed to Ohio in an early day and after a residence there of a few years came to Wayne county and settled in Franklin township, where he became a land owner and continued to reside until his death, in 1874. His wife passed away some years later, at the age of eighty-eight years. They were the parents of seven children, only two of whom are living, and Elihu is the eldest. William, a younger brother, is a farmer and resides in New Garden township. Elihu Iliatt attended school in District No. 2 of Franklin township and also a short time at Bethel school. Since leaving school he has had no other interest than agriculture, in which he lias been actively engaged. At the age of nineteen he rented a farm in Franklin township and at the time of his father's death inherited sixty acres of the old homestead. A number of years later he purchased the remainder of the old homestead, which increased his farm to 133 acres, and this he traded for an eightyacre farm in Franklin township, where he resided about three years. lie then sold that tract and lived practically retired until 1902, since which time he has resided on a farm of thirty-four acres in Abington township. In his political convictions Mr. Hiatt has been unswerving in his allegiance to the Republican part}', though he has never aspired to hold official position. On Nov. 5, 1S57, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Hiatt and Miss Martha Ann Tharp, born in Franklin township, in November, 1841, daughter of John ami Anna 1'. ( Al iddleton ) Thar]), born in North Carolina. They came to Franklin township in an early day and located near Bethel, where they lived on a farm the remainder of their lives. Mrs. Iliatt died, having become the mother of three children: Mary Adeline, born Nov. 16, 1858, is the wife of Frank D. Crawford, a carpenter in Richmond; Oliver I'. Morton, born Aug. [3, 18(13, is a truckfarmer and resides at Greenville, Ohio; and Anna May, bom June 3, 1866, is the wife of Eugene Anderson, a farmer residing three miles southeast of Richmond. On June 25, 1902, Mr. Iliatt was married to Mrs. Francena (Helms) McConaha, born in Abington township, Dec. 25, 1845, daughter of Isaiah Helms (see sketch of Michael Helms). Airs. Iliatt was first married, Sept. 6, 1866, to Eouis McConaha, born in Center township, Oct. 10, 1845, son °f Thomas and Christina (Kramer) McConaha (see sketch of Thomas McConaha). Louis McConaha died Oct. 31, 1877, the father of five children: Isaiah, born May 4, 1868, died June 26, 1890; Minnie E., bom June 2j, 1869, is the wife of James Wilson, a farmer residing four miles north of Liberty, in Cnion county; Elizabeth Jane, born Feb. 27, 1872, is the wife of John G. Klinger, of Richmond; Joseph .Arthur, born April 27, 1874, is a mechanic and resides in West Richmond; and Phebe Eveline, born Oct. 8, 1875, is the wife of Milton S. Kinder, a grocer in Richmond. Mr. McConaha was a farmer during his active career and his widow continued a resident of Abington township until her marriage with Air. Iliatt. Air. and Airs. Hiatt are members of the Alethodist Episcopal church at Locust Grove.

Harlan Parker Jarrett, a native son of Abington township and one of the prosperous farmers of that community, was born Oct. 2, 1852, son of James AI. and Sarah Ann (Robbins) Jarrett, natives of Abington township, the former born Nov. 15, 1825, and the latter, May 8, 1826 The father in early life was a farmer and stock dealer, at which he was for a number of years successfully engaged.

When his father died, in 1848, he purchased the interest of the other heirs in the parent's estate and afterward became one of the most extensive buyers and shippers of stock in Wayne county. He also became an extensive land owner, owning land in other parts of the county and also in Iowa, where his possessions amounted to 200 acres, and he devoted the major portion of his life exclusively to the stock business, in early times shipping to the Eastern markets, but later to Indianapolis and Chicago. He served with the Home Guards at the time of the Morgan raid,- and served as justice of the peace and was elected township trustee, but died before taking the office, in February, 1895. To him and his wife were born four children: Mattie, born in 1847, died in 1871 ; Emily, born Sept. 26, 1848, is the wife of Dr. Gabel, of Centerville; Harlan P. is the next in order of birth; and William M., born March iS, 1856, is a farmer and resides in Abington township Harlan P. Jarrett received his education in the schools of District No. 3, in his native township, and continued with his father until about twenty-five years old. for several years as a partner with the parent and the younger brother, lie then moved to the farm where he resides and for a few years engaged in the stock business. Since becoming the owner of this place he has devoted his energies to scientific and progressive agriculture, and his measure of success is best evinced by his high standing in the community. While engaged in the stock business he traveled over a large part of this country, but never became a resident of any place but Abington township. He has 115.5 acres of land, does general farming and raises stock and grain of all kinds. Politically, Mr. Jarrett gives his support to the men and measures of the Republican party, but has never sought official honors for himself. lie and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. On June 27, 1S77, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Jarrett and Miss Celia Fender, daughter of Leborn L. and Rebecca (Connard) Fender, of Abington township. Mrs. Jarrett was born on the farm where she now resides, Aug. 31, 1857. Her father, Leborn L. Fender, was a lifelong resident of Wayne county. lie was born on the farm where his daughter resides, Feb. 3, 1835. On Oct. 22, 1856, he married Rebecca Connard, born in Ohio, June 2T,, 1830, and continued to reside on the old homestead until his death, Oct. 10, 1859, having lived an honorable and upright life in all his dealings with his fellow men. whose confidence and esteem he commanded to the last. Mrs. Jarrett is the only child of these parents. After the father died the mother continued to reside on the homestead until she became the wife of Joseph Yager, and she died Oct. 28, 1903. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Jarrett : Jesse Fender, born Nov. 6, 1879, married Edith McCowan, of Centerville, resides in Richmond, and they have two children - Ruth E., born Dec. 7, 1898, and Howard Parker, born April 4, 1910; Estella Alice, born Dec. 21, 1881, is the wife of Perry C. Shadle ("see sketch); James W., born Sept. 27, 1886, married Pearl Hoppus, of Liberty, Union county, Indiana, is a farmer and resides in Abington township,, and they have one daughter, Celia Bell, born Oct. 20, 1910; and Wil-

Ham R., born Feb. 18, 1889, married Delia Stinson, of Abington township, resides on a farm adjoining the old homestead, and they have two children - Walter James, born Oct. 7, 1907, and Hazel Josephine, born June 8, 1910. Jacob Fender, paternal grandfather of Mrs. Jarrett, was bom in North Carolina, Jan. 28, 1806, sun of Henry and Elizabeth (Fang) Fender, natives of North Carolina, the former born in 1787 and the latter in 1789. In October, 181 1, his parents came to Wayne county, Indiana, and settled in the southern part, or in what is now Union county. In 1814 they removed 10 what is now Abington township, entered loo acres of land and built a log cabin. They were members and zealous workers in the Methodist Episcopal church and their house was used as a place of worship before a church was built. They had a family of eleven children - Jonathan, Gabriel, Susannah, Jacob, Littleton, Sarah, John H., Lydia, Sophia, Mary Ann. and Henry L. Jacob Fender was married Nov. 3, 1829, to Betsy Ann Holland, born in Wayne county, Jan. 9, 181 1, daughter of Elijah Holland, of English descent. After his marriage he purchased 120 acres of land in Abington township, the same being that now occupied by Mr. Jarrett. He was a generous man and assisted many. He died March 2, 1904, and his wile passed away June 17, 1887. Of their union was born a son, Leborn L., the father of Mrs. Jarrett.

William Smoker is a leading farmer of the township of Abington, where he lias been engaged in the successful conduct of agricultural pursuits throughout all of his career, and both as a tiller of the soil and a citizen is held in high esteem by his associates. Mr. Smoker was born Nov. 13, 1856, one and one-half miles north of Abington, in Abington township, son of Amos and Mary (Brumfield ) Smoker, the former born in Union county, one-half mile southwest of Abington, and the latter in Abington township, onehalf mile north of Abington. The father was a farmer by occupation and followed agricultural pursuits exclusively in Abington township until a few months before his death, when he went to his boyhood home in Union county. He was born Sept. 27, 1832, and died in January, 1859, and the mother was bom July 7, 1834, and is still a resident of Abington township. The father was very successful in his endeavors during his short but active career. To him and his good wife were born two children : Eliza, who is the wife of John Sullivan, of Centerville, and William. The son received his preliminary education in the excellent schools of Abington township and resided with his mother until twenty-six years old. He then purchased land adjoining the old homestead and upon that tract resided about twenty-six years, at the end of which period he purchased the farm where he resides. He has added to his belongings from time to time until he has 288 acres, all in Abington township, and in addition to this he and his family operate land rented from others. Beginning in early manhood, he operated a threshing outfit seventeen seasons. The religious faith of himself and wife is expressed by affiliation with the Christian church at Abington, and in politics he skives a consistent support to the men and measures of the Republican party. Mr. Smoker was married April 13, 1881, to Miss Mary E. Dye, and this union has been blessed by the birth of four children: Gale H., born March 20, 1885, married Mamie Lamott and resides on his father's farm in Abington township ; Walter E., born Jan. 10, 1888, was married Nov. 9, 1910, to Miss Goldie Higgins, daughter of Joshua M. and Eliza J. (Angleton) Higgins. and resides in Abington township; Oscar R., born March 4, 1890, resides at the parental home ; and 1 hornas E., born Aug. 18, 1892, was married Dec. 28, 1910, to Miss Ruby 15. Miller, daughter of Charles D. Miller (see sketch). Mrs. Srnoker was born in Abington township, Oct. 27, 1863, daughter of Anderson and Elizabeth (Manning) Dye, born in Abington township, the father on June 5, 1826, and the mother on July 29, 1827. The father was always a fanner, though he engaged in saw milling for a time in early life. He became a land owner and operated a farm in Abington township many years, dying in November, 1882, and the mother is now living with a son at Urbana, Ohio.. They were the parents of twelve children: Charles is deceased; William is a farmer and resides at Urbana, Ohio ; James is a farmer and resides at Urbana, Ohio; Joseph resides in Columbus, Ohio; Mahlon is deceased; Joshua is a farmer and resides in Abington township; Mrs. Smoker is the next in order of birth; Thomas is in the insurance and real estate business at ITbaua, Ohio; Sarah Luella is the wife of Stephen A. Ryan, of Richmond; Carrie A. is the wife of Nathan T. Colvin (see sketch) ; Isaac M. is engaged in the real estate and insurance business at Urbana, Ohio; and Emma is deceased.

Jesse David Kinder was one of the honored citizens and prominent business men of Abington township, where he maintained his home a number of years, and where he was engaged in the mercantile business until his death, March 9, 1902. His career was characterized by signal integrity of purpose as well as by well directed industry, and he gained not only a position of independence, but was also a citizen well worthy of the unqualified esteem in which he was held. Mr. Kinder was a native of L'nion county, Indiana, born near Philomath, Jan. 1, 1861, a son of Frank and Caroline (George) Kinder, born in l'nion county. Frank Kinder, who followed the saw mill and threshing business during his active career, is living retired in the village of Abington, and the mother died in 1879. They were the parents of five children: Jesse D. was the eldest; Anchor is the wife of Emanuel Leistner, of Philomath, Union county; William is a thresher and farmer and resides southwest of Philomath ; Lafayette is a thresher and resides in Philomath ; and Milton S. is a grocer in Richmond. Jesse D. Kinder was indebted to the public schools of L'nion county for his early educational discipline, lie was reared to maturity in that county and there his initial efforts in his independent career were made as an employe of his father in a saw mill. He was thus engaged some time anil then followed the threshing business until he came to Abington and purchased the general store, which was then being conducted by a Mr. Weaver. From then until his death he devoted his attention to the mercantile business. His political allegiance was given to the Democratic party, whose cause he espoused upon becoming a voter, and he was called upon to serve as township assessor one term. On June 27, 1887, Mr. Kinder was united in wedlock to Miss Rose G. Stephens, born in the village of Abington, June 17, 1868, daughter of Thomas B. and Lavina ( Whittinger) Stephens, and of this union were born two children: Roscoe, born Dec. 21, 1894, and Cuba, born Aug. 13, 1901. Since the death of her husband Mrs. Kinder has continued the mercantile business. Mr. Kinder was a member of the Masonic order, Lodge No. 232, and also of Abington Lodge, No. 406, Knights of Pythias. Thomas B. Stephens, the father of Mrs. Kinder, was born in Pennsylvania, in 1824, and the mother was born in Union county, Indiana, in June, 1827. The father was a blacksmith in his early life and came to Indiana with his parents in 1830, settling in Abington township, where he later established a shop and followed his trade until a few years before his death, in 1905. lie and his good wife were the parents of eight children: Elizabeth became the wife of John Davis, of Anderson, and is deceased; Louisa is the wife of William Collins, of Anderson; Francis resides in the village of Abington; John resides in Abington and assists Mrs. Kinder in the management of the store ; William is deceased ; Carrie is the widow of Orris F. Wood and resides in the village of Abington; Grant is a farmer and resides in Southern Kansas; and Mrs. Kinder is the youngest of the children.

John Dye has been a resident of Wayne county since infancy and is a member of one of the well known pioneer families of this section of the State. He has retired largely from the arduous labors and responsibilities which marked so many years of his life, but still conducts a general grocery and supply store, notions, etc., with a feed barn in connection, in the village of Abington. He was born near Philomath, Union county, Indiana, Sept. 15, 1835, and, though he has passed the psalmist's span of three score years and ten, is well preserved in mental and physical faculties and takes a lively interest in the affairs of the day and the general supervision of his business. He is a son of Joshua and Alary (Nicholas; Dye, the former born in the western part of Kentucky, Jan. 22, 1807, and the latter in Ohio, about i8to. The father came to Indiana with his parents in 1810, and they located on a farm near Abington, in the edge of Union county. A few years later they removed to a farm a few miles west, in the same county. The paternal grandfather served as a soldier in the war of 1812, under Captain Farlow, in General McFarland's brigade. Joshua Dye, the father, moved into Wayne count}-, in 1830, and in partnership with a brother purchased eighty acres of land lying west of Abington. Later, he sold his interest in this tract to his brother and purchased fifty acres near by. lie resided on this tract sixteen years and then added fifty acres adjoining, and later forty acres more. He reclaimed considerable of his land from the forest wilds, in the meanwhile living up to the full tension of the pioneer days. In 1854 he sold his land and removed to Abington, where he built the residence in which his son John lives. In 1861 he built a store room in connection with the residence and was in Cincinnati, buying goods, the day that

Fort Sumter was fired upon. He continued in the mercantile business until his death, which occurred Aug. 8, 1881, at which time he had attained to the patriarchal age of seventy-four years, six months and sixteen days. If is devoted wife and helpmeet passed away in October, 1878. In the early days the lather did considerable huckstering', stock dealing', etc. John Dye was an infant of less than a year old at the time when his parents took up thenresidence in Wayne county and completed his early educational discipline in a log school-house then known as the "Stephens School-house," in Abington township, where he was reared to man's estate. lie continued to be associated with his father in the various enterprises of that parent until the latter died, although he had in the meantime purchased a house and two lots in Abington. After the death of his parents he purchased the old homestead and has continued in the mercantile business, also superintending a small farm which he owns near the village. His political allegiance is given to the Democratic part}', in whose faith he was reared, and both he and his wife are zealous supporters of the Christian church at Abington. He is a member of Abington Lodge, No. 406, Knights of Pythias. On April 15, 1864, Mr. Dye was united in married to Miss Susanna VVhitmer, daughter of Rudolph and Nancy (Stevens) Whitmer, of L'nion count}-. Mrs. Dye was born near Brownsville, Union count)-, in 1847, and of this union were born four children: Edward E., who resides in Richmond, married Ruby Kenneth and they have two sons - Floyd and Wilkie ; Minnie E. became the wife of William Amiel and is deceased, leaving one child, Orville; Cora N. is the wife of Frederick Sanford, of Clark's Lake, Mich. ; and Lulu died in infancy. Mrs. Dye was summoned to the life eternal in 1871, and on March 20, 1873, Mr. Dye married Miss Sarah J. Shelby, born in Hancock county, March 20, 1847, daughter of Joshua and Nancy (Dunn) Shelby, former residents of Wayne county who removed to Hancock county, where they both died. Of this second marriage were born two children: Burton Albert, deceased; and Franklin C, who is a truck farmer and resides in the village of Abington, is married to Alta Colvin. Benjamin Jarvis Hunt, deceased, was a native son of Wayne county, born on the farm where his widow resides, in Abington township, Dec. 27, 1835. He was a son OI Charles and Lucinda (Jarvis) Hunt, natives of Wayne county, the father born on the before mentioned farm, June 17, 1813, and the mother in Boston township, in February, 1814. The paternal grandfather, Timothy Hunt, was born in 1771, and the grandmother in 1777, and they carrie to Indiana from Ohio, settling on the farm which is the residence of the widow of Benjamin J. Hunt. There were nine sons in their family and they all became useful citizens of Wayne county. The parents of Benjamin J. Hunt were married in this county and, the grandfather dying in 1816, Charles remained with his mother until her death. He then established himself on the old homestead and devoted himself to reclaiming the same to cultivation. He continued his residence on this homestead until his death, Aug. 14, 1899. His wife passed away Dec. 2, 1891. To these parents were born three children, of which Benjamin J. was the eldest, Timothy died when a young man, and William resides in Richmond. Benjamin J. Hunt received his preliminary educational discipline in the district schools of Abington township, later attended the Richmond High School, also what is now known as the Garfield School, the old Greenmount College, a German school at Liberty, Ind., and the Normal at Lebanon, Ohio. When nineteen years old he began teaching in Abington township, teaching his first term at the village of Abington, and continued in that occupation many years. Being compelled to quit teaching because of the condition of his health, he settled on a farm which he had purchased, across the line in Union count)', and there resided fourteen years. At the end of that period he returned to the old homestead and there resided the residue of his life, dying Feb. 27, 1890. On March 23, 1859, was solemnized Mr. Hunt's marriage to Miss Valera Henderson, born July 23, 1837, in Clermont county, Ohio. She is a daughter of Jackson and Maria (Read) Henderson, natives of Clermont county, where they lived out their lives and died when Mrs. Hunt was a child. She came to Indiana with Powell Slade, who still resides in Abington township, and with his family resided until married. She has a brother, Lafayette Henderson, who resides in Oklahoma. Since the death of her husband, Mrs. Hunt has remained on the home farm. Mr. Hunt was a Republican in his political adherency and as the representative of that party gave efficient service one term as trustee of Abington township. He enjoyed fraternal relations with the Masonic order, and as is also his widow, was a worthy and consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which denomination he officiated as a local preacher. To Mr. and Mrs. Hunt were born seven children: Charles, born Jan. 1, i860, died in 1899; Edwin resides with his mother; Jesse married Anna Paddock and resides near Lewisville, Ind.; Loretta is the wife of Thomas E. Wynn, of Richmond; Millie is the wife of George Crow, of Abington township ; William married Otie Webber and resides with his mother; and Frank married Flossie Stinson and also resides at the old homestead.

Robert B. Colvin, farmer, was born near the_ county line, in Union county, Indiana, Oct. 21,, 1848. His parents were Thomas J. and Rebecca (Bennett) Colvin (see sketch of Josiah B. Colvin). Robert B. Colvin attended a school in Abington, in the old factory building which was used for school purposes, and later attended a school in Smithfield, held in an old dwelling house, and also attended school in a log school-house in Union county, and after the removal of the family to Randolph county, in 1861, attended school there. When about twenty years old he began his independent career as a farm hand, in which capacity he was engaged about three years. Pie then rented a farm near the county line, in Union county, and resided there one year. When the father died, in May, 1874, each of the five sons were given twenty acres of land, and Robert B. and his brother, William H., traded their tracts for a farm of seventy-five acres, to which they later added forty acres adjoining by purchase, and Robert B. resided thereon until

1880, when he disposed of his interest to his brother. He then purchased the farm where he now resides and is one of the practical farmers of this county. His farm consists of 120 acres and he operates it in a general way. He was a member of the Home Guards during the Civil war. Politically, our subject is a Republican and has served as a member of the township advisory board. On Jan. 26, 1873, Mr. Colvin was united in marriage to Miss Barbara Railsback, bom in Abington township, Nov. 19, 1852, daughter of Nathan Railsback (see sketch of Josiah B. Colvin). Of this union were born eight children: Mattie, born March 5, 1874, is the wife of Charles Taylor; Alta Lucena, born Jan. 31, 1876, is the wife of Frank Dye, a farmer of Abington township; Charles Marl, born June 21, 1879, married Laura Grimes and after her death was wedded to Macey Turner, and is a farmer in Abington township; Murray Lafayette, born March 2J, 1881, married Myra Helms, is a farmer and resides in Preble county, Ohio; Estella Pearl, born Sept. 19, 1883, is the w^e oi Clarence Lybrook, a farmer of Preble county, Ohio ; Nellie Rebecca, born March 20, 1885, is the wife of Chester Davis, of Abington ; Bertha Leota, born March 7, 1887, is the wife of Clarence Ham, a farmer residing north of Richmond; and Marie Elsie, born Aug. 26, 1894, resides at the parental home.

William K. Cheesman, who for a score of years has been connected with the agricultural industry in Center township, which political division of the county he has served as trustee, was born in Webster township, May 31, 1863. His father, Alexander Cheesman, was a native of New Jersey, born in 181 1, and his mother, Nancy (Vinedge) Cheesman, was born in Center township, Wayne county, Indiana. The father came to Wayne county in 1820, the family having immigrated, in 1819, to Delaware county, where the father died, and the mother and children then located in Richmond. In his youth Alexander Cheesman worked for others for a time and then became a land owner in Webster township, where he resided until his death, with the exception of about nine months, in 1875, when he resided in Centerville. The father died in August, 1891, and the mother passed away in October, 1896. They were the parents of two children, of whom William K. is the elder, and Lennie Leota is the wife of James F. Harris (see sketch). The father had been previously married, of which union were born eight children, and the mother, at the time of her marriage to Mr. Cheesman, was the widow of William Kern (see sketch of Daniel B. Medearis). William K. Cheesman was educated in the schools of Center township and also attended, during the winters of 1880 and 1881, a normal school in Hendricks county. In 1883 he rented his father's farm, upon which he resided until 1892, when he purchased the place where he resides and which consists of 145 acres. Here he has resided continuously since, with the exception of three years, during which his official duties as trustee of Center township caused him to establish his residence in Centerville. Politically, Air. Cheesman is a member of the Republican party, but has had no time to court public office, other than that of township trustee, already mentioned, ami while living in Webster township served as assessor. Socially, he is a member of the Masonic order and also has membership in the Knight- of I'ythias, the Independent Order of Odd Kellows, and the 'Fraternal Order of Eagles, Aerie 666; at Richmond, in all of which he has filled official positions. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. On May 31, i88,v was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Cheesman ami Mi-- l.etitia Culbertson, born in Webster township, Wig. 25, 1866, daughter of William ami Mary Jane (Kbersol) Culbertson (see sketch of William ( ulbcrtMin 1 . ami of this union there is a son, Earl, born Oct. 29, 1892.

Joshua Newton Swallow is a member of a lamih whose name has been identified with the annals of Wayne county -nice the pioneer era of i t ^ history, ami here he i> one of the representative members of the farming community of Abington township, where he is the owner of a well improved landed estate of sixty-five acres. He was born at \bington. Wayne county, Dec. 17, 18+3, a -on of John and \'anc\ I Dye) Swallow, the former born in Kentucky, in 1817, and the latter in Abington township, in [82 >. The father was reared on a farm, but became a practicing physician ami early in life located at Abington, where he built up an extensive practice and continued to reside until his death, in 1850. He was one of the honored citizens and well known pioneers of the county and was a man who made his life count for good in all it ^ relations. Me was a man of strong mentality and unwavering integrity and contributed In- quota to the development and civic upbuilding of this now opulent section of the lloosier Stale. Ill-- widow died in 1S71 and they were survived by two children. James Edward Swallow, the elder son, also became a physician and .-.pent his entire life at Abington, where he was engaged in the practice of his profession. He died Feb. 11. i<Xg<j. Joshua X. Swallow is indebted to the schools of Abington for his early educational discipline, also attending a couple of terms at Centerville, and this training has since been effectively supplemented through association with men and affairs during a signally active and useful career. His father died when he was young and he continued the assistant of his mother until he had attained to the age of twenty-nine years, although he worked for others to some extent. He then sold his interest in the homestead and purchased a farm in the western part of Abington township, to the improvement and cultivation of which be continued to devote his attention for the ensuing fifteen \ ears. He then sold the property and purchased sixty-five acres east of Abington, where he has since maintained his residence. He finds satisfaction in having a home in the count}' which is endeared to him by the memories and associations of the past, ami here bis circle of friends is circumscribed only by that of his acquaintanceship. His political allegiance is given to the Democratic party and he takes a loyal interest in public affairs of a local nature, having served as township assessor three terms, and at the present time is incumbent of the position of road supervisor. On Oct. 26, 1871, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Swallow to Miss liar- bara Rodenberg, born in Abington township, May 2, 1844, a daughter of George and Mary Catherine ( Plankinghorn ) Rodenberg. Mr. and Mrs. Swallow have two children: Ethel Estella, horn Nov. 22, 1873, is the wife of Emmet Dye, a blacksmith at Abington, and has two children - Trilba II. and iiernicc; and Roscoe George Edward, born Nov. 5, 1883, resides at the parental home, associated with his father in the work and management of the home farm. Mr. Swallow is a member of Abington Lodge, \To. 40,'), Knights of Pythias, and Abington Lodge, X'o. 154, Independent Order of Odd Kellpws, having passed through the chairs of each of the local organizations. George Rodenberg. father of Mrs. Swallow, came to this county from his native Stale of Pennsylvania and became one of the representative pioneer farmers of Abington township, where he passed the remainder of his life, his .wife dying May 22. 1011. at the advanced age of eighty-six years. She was a native of Germany and came with her parents V > America when three years old. Her father was a farmer 111 Pennsylvania and later settled in Abington township, where he spent the residue of his life. To George and Mary Catherine ( Plankinghorn) Rodenberg were born twelve children, of whom Mrs. Swallow is the eldest; Anna Maria married Monroe Stinson, of Abington township; Sarah Malinda is the widow of George Stinson, of Union count}' ; Bennett II. married Mary Wright and resides in Kansas; Martin L. married Louisa Myers and resides in Center township; Man- and John A. reside at the old homestead; William II. married Mrs. Belle Rodenberg and they reside in Centerville ; Cora Alice married Rufus Lambert, of Union county; Laura L. resides at the old homestead; Ella married Charles Brown and resides in Union county; and Willard R. married Sadie Schodel and resides in Union county.

Milton Jacob Bowermaster was engaged in farming m Wayne county during all of his adult life and his memory is held in affectionate regard in the community in which he resided. It is certainly most consonant that in this publication be perpetuated a brief review of this honored and loved citizen, who died at his home near East Germantown, Jan. 11, [906. Mr. Bowermaster was born in Lancaster county. Pennsylvania, Jan. 2), 1848, a sou of Jacob and Sarah (Armstrong) Bowermaster. natives oi the same county. They came west to Wayne county, in 1861, and lived 111 Jacksonburg one year, after which the father purchased a farm one mile north of Jacksonburg, where he spent the remainder of his life. The mother survived him and died in Jacksonburg, Milton J. Bowermaster was reared in a home of culture and refinement and after due preliminary study in the schools of Jacksonburg assisted his father on the farm until he reached the age of twenty-two years. lie then rented a farm in Jackson township and entered upon the active pursuit of his chosen vocation, residing on this farm two years, lie then removed to Harrison township, where he lived several years, and in 1903 came to the present home of the widow, consisting of 144 acres, where he erected a house and maintained his home and business activities until death. Me gained recotrni- tion as one of the representative farmers of Wayne county and ever continued a close and appreciative student of his occupation. He was a Republican in politics, was a member of the Masonicorder, and was an attendant of the Lutheran church, in which faith he was reared. Mr. Bowermaster was a man of broad sympathy and gentle toleration. Thai he gained and retained the affectionate regard of those with whom he was associated, need not be slated. and in his death there was left in the community a dee]) sense of personal loss and bereavement, for his friends and admit ers were in ail classes and stages of life. He made his own life count for good in its every relation, and the world gained through his services ind his noble manhood. On Dec. 21, 1870, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. I'.owermaster to Miss Emma Uoughner, a daughter of Charles and Mary (Waltz) Boughner, both horn in Schuylkill county. Pennsylvania. When thirteen years obi Charles Boughner came West with his widowed mother and located in Germantown, Ind., where he followed carpentering a time and then engaged in farming, retiring some time before his death. The parents of Mary (Waltz) Boughner came to Wayne county when she was eighteen months old and located on the farm where Mrs. Piowermaster resides. The original log house is still standing, in a good state of preservation, although about 100 years old. Mr. and Mrs. I'.owermaster became the parents of two children: Lena, the wife of Claude Kitterman, a banker in Cambridge City (see sketch), and Alvin, deceased. Alvin married Levina Caldwell, daughter of Amos and Catherine (Morris) Caldwell, and they had a son, Carl C. The widow and son make their home with Mrs. Bowermaster. Mrs. Bowermaster still maintains her home at the farmstead, where sheis surrounded by many devoted and cherished friends. She holds membership in the Lutheran church.

Marcus D. L. Reyonlds, a leading farmer and one of the prominent and influential citizens of Center township, was bom in Harrison township, Wayne county, Indiana, March 26, 1857. His parents - Abraham and Melissa (Jones) Reynolds - were natives respectively of the State of New Jersey and Wayne count)-, Indiana, the father born Aug. 24, 1824, and the mother near Centerville, June 28, 1835. Abraham Reynolds came to Wayne county with his parents when twelve years old and the family located a short distance west of Centerville, where the son grew to manhood. Earlv in life he engaged in teaming, from Centerville to Cincinnati, and followed that occupation until about thirty years old, when he engaged in the threshing business and farming, lie purchased a farm in the southeast corner of Harrison township and there resided about twenty-five years, at the end of which period he sold that place and purchased a farm near Centterville, where he continued to reside until his death, which occurred Feb. 13. 1004. his wife having passed away Nov. 24, 1891. Thev were the parents of two children, of whom Marcus D. L. is the eldest, ami Wallace C. is a farmer and resides in Wayne township, having formerly been a school teacher in this count}' twenty-three years. Marcus I ). L. Reynolds was educated in the schools of I larrison and Center town- ships and completed his scholastic training in the normal school al Lebanon, Ohio. lie resided at home until twenty-one years old, though he began teaching school at the age of eighteen, helping his father during the summer months. In 1878 he rented land from his grandfather, and this he occupied two years, after which for two years he rented land of his father. Then, in partnership with his father, he purchased the farm where he now resides and which consists of eighty acres, and in 1891 purchased his father's interest in the farm. In politics he is not definitely affiliated with any political party, but his sympathies are with the Prohibition movement. To an unusual degree Mr. Reynolds has the respect- and good wishes of all of his associates and his example and life have good influence on those who are fortunate to he numbered among his friends. Fraternally he is a member of lloosier Lodge, \'o. 23,

T., bom July 20, 1884, was a bookkeeper and solicitor with the llackman & Klefoth Coal Company for five years and now conducts a news agency at Anderson, Ind. On Feb. 14, 181)4, Mr Reynolds was married to Miss Nena E. Bean, born in Green township, June 13, 1858. daughter of John and Elizabeth (Evans) Mean. The father of Mrs. Reynolds was bom near I larrisburg. Pa., Jan. 17, 1816, and the mother in Green township, this county, \Tov. 3, 1824. The father removed to Warren county, Ohio, when seven years old, with his parents, ami there they spent the residue of their "lives. In about 1847 he came to Wayne county and made it his permanent home, dying here, Nov. 28, 1901. His widow died March 12, 191 1.

William Culbertson has resided upon his present homestead farm, in Center township, nearly a third of a century, and is one of the venerable pioneers and honored citizens of this section of the county, where he has lived and labored to goodly ends, contributing his quota to the material and civic development of the county, and where he holds the unqualified esteem of all who know him. Though living virtually retired he maintains a general supervision of the farm and has by no means lost his vital interest in the affairs of the day. lie has well earned the dignified repose which he is enjoying and finds the evening of his life gracious in its memories and its present associations. Mr. Culbertson was born in the township of Center, Wayne county, Indiana, Oct. 2j, 1831, a son of Robert and Rebecca (King) Culbertson, the former a native of Delaware and the latter of Kentucky, and they were representatives of families founded in America in the Colonial era of our country's history. The father came to Wayne count)' in early life and settled in Center township, where he and his wife continued to reside until their deaths. He became an extensive land owner and was a man of probity and honor, commanding the esteem of his fellow men. He and his wife were the parents of ten children, of whom William is the next to the youngest and the only one living. William Culbertson was reared on the old home farm and received his early educational training in a log cabin located on what is now the Henry Stiggleman farm, lie continued to be identified with the work of his father's farm until thirty years old, and in 1861 purchased a farm in Webster township, one mile north of liis his aid and influence in behalf of all worthy measures and enterprises advanced for the general good of the community. On Dec. 27, 1853, two months after attaining the age of twenty-two years, Air. Culbertson took an important step in his life and one that has proven of unalloyed satisfaction during all the long intervening years. On that day he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Jane Ebersol, born in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, April 25, 1836, daughter of Solomon and .Ann ( Longnecker) Ebersol (see sketch of Solomon Ebersol). Mr. and Mrs. Culbertson became the parents of ten children : Lafayette, born in 1854, resides in Richmond ; Alice, born Oct. 22, 1858, is the wife of Ollie Sharon, a retired farmer in Wichita, Kan.; George W. is a rural mail carrier and resides in Richmond; Kate is the wife of Henry Harney, a farmer of Center township; Ella is the wife of Abraham Potter, a farmer near Williamsburg; Letitia is the wife of William K. Cheesman (see sketch) ; William, Jr., is a farmer and resides near Centerville ; and the last three born died in childhood.

Cyrus O. Albertson is one of the well known citizens and progressive farmers of Center township, where he is the owner of a fine farm, and for several years has been living in retirement. He has passed his entire life in this county, has wielded no little influence in public affairs of a local nature, and has so ordered his course as to retain at all times the inviolable confidence and regard of his fellow men. Air. Albertson was born in the city of Richmond, Wayne county, Indiana, March 27, 1833, a son of Joshua and Abigail (Ratliff ) Albertson, natives of Randolph county, North Carolina, which county furnished many pioneers to Wayne county. Joshua Albertson, born in the year 1790, was a man who was animated by unequivocal patriotism. In early life he was a carpenter contractor and builder and came to Richmond about 1820. There he engaged in the carpenter trade and continued his residence in that city until about 1839, when he purchased a farm in Clay township, where he died in 1877. His wife preceded him by many years and was summoned to the life eternal in 1850. Of the twelve children only four are living: William resides in Sedgewick City, Kan.; Cyrus O. is the next in order of birth; Elizabeth is the widow of Amos Ileston and resides in Greensboro, Henry county; and Rebecca Jane is the wife of Seth Stafford, of near Greensboro. Cyrus O. Albertson secured his early educational discipline in the district schools of Center township. In his youth lie assisted his father on the farm, and after remaining at the old homestead until twenty-four years old rented land about three years. He then purchased his present homestead farm of eighty acres in Center township and upon the same has since continued to reside, with the exception of two years when he resided on his father-in-law's farm. He has given to the farm his general supervision and has been known as one of the progressive agriculturists of the count)-. His farm is one of the model places of the township and is improved with specially good buildings, including the attractive modern residence, which was erected by him. He has a residence property in Centerville and also owns the old James Albertson residence in Richmond. Though showing a loyal interest in public affairs and doing all in his power to insure good government in his township and county, Mr. Albertson has never sought office for himself, and in matters of political import is a Republican. He and his wife are both zealous supporters of the United Brethren church. On Dec. 12, 1855, Mr. Albertson was united in marriage to Miss Martha A. Brooks, born near Economy, in Perry township, June 5, 1836, daughter of John and Rachel (Lock; Brooks, honored and well known residents and pioneers of Perry township. Of this union were born four children: Emma R. is the wife of James R. Helms (see sketch) ; Olive J., born March 14, 1861, is the wife of Ezra A. Clemmohs, of Fountain City ; India A., born Dec. 13, 1863, became the wife of Warren Irvin and died July 26, 1901 : and Ora B., bom Aug. 3, 1872, is the wife of Cortez 11. Jones, of Centerville. Mrs. Albertson's father was born in Guilford county, North Carolina, Nov. 18, 1806. He came to Wayne county when a young man, and after his marriage to Rachel Lock, Sept. 5, 1833, settled on land in Clay township, where he developed a good farm and was one of the honored and influential citizens of that part of the county. Of that union were born two daughters: Betsy Jane (Brooks) Bailey, born Nov. 12, 1834, and Martha Ann, the wdfe of Mr. Albertson. Rachel (Lock) Brooks departed this life Aug. 24, 1843, ana< on Dec. 21, 1844, John Brooks was married to Mary Ann Johnson, in Morgan county, Indiana. Of this second union were born three children: Jesse W., born Nov. 9, 1845; Emma Alice (Brooks) Bellis, born Tan. 19, 1856; and Flora Bell (Brooks) Worl, born March 11, 1863.' John Brooks died on the old homestead, Jan. 19, 1896. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Al- bertson were William and Damaris (Mills) Lock, natives of North Carolina, the former horn in Granville county, June 13, 1787, and died Nov. 3, 1868, and the latter in Stokes county, April 7, 1784, and died Nov. 27, 1858. Their daughter, Rachel (Lock) Brooks, was horn in Perry township, Wayne county, Indiana, May 26, 1816. The maternal great-grandparents of Mrs. Alhertson were Aaron and Charity Mills, the former horn Feb. 22, 1749, and the latter Jan. 19, 1754, and departed this life in 183C. The paternal great-grandfather of Mrs. Alhertson was David lirooks, the celebrated Quaker preacher, born in April. 1737, and his wife was Sarah (Sanders) Brooks, born in June, 173'). Their son, Jesse Brooks, was born in Stokes county, North Carolina, Oct. 20, 1775. and he married Judith Johnson, a native of North Carolina, horn May 25, 1779. Of their union was born John Brooks, father of Mrs. Alhertson.

Carlos E. Tubesing is one of the progressive farmers and highly honored citizens of his native township of Center, where he occupies a well improved farm of 100 acres, and he is a representative in the third generation of one of the sterling pioneer families of this county, with whose annals the name has been identified from the pioneer era in the history of this section. Mr. Tubesing was born on the farm and in the house where he resides, in Center township, July 11, 1884, a son of Henry and Amelia (Frauman) Tubesing, the former born in Webster township, this county, Nov. 21, 1857, and the latter at Richmond, Tnd., Sept. 24, 1861. Henry Tubesing was reared amidst the scenes and influences of that earlier era and his early educational advantages were such as were afforded in the district schools of the locality and period. In his youth he assisted his father on the farm and resided at the parental home until he arrived at the age of maturity. About 1878 he rented the farm where his son, Carlos E., resides, and after some years' residence there purchased thirty acres adjoining, in Webster township. The farm which his son occupies was later deeded to him and he also purchased the place known as the "'Thompson Farm," upon which he resided about five years. Then turning that place over to his son, Edgar, he returned to the place where Carlos E resides, and after a residence there of four years removed to Richmond, where he and his wife live retired, at 324 North Fifth street. He is a man of a high order of mentality, and, living a "goodly, righteous and sober life," has held as his own the inviolable confidence and esteem of his fellow men. To him and his good wife were born three children: Edgar, Avho is a farmer and resides in Center township, married Rose Placke and they have one child, Yerlin; Carlos E. is the second in order of birth ; and Hilda resides with her parents in Richmond. Carlos E. Tubesing gained his preliminary educational discipline at sessions of school in the Starr school-house, the Sevastapool school-house, and later at Culbertson's school-house. He was reared to the beneficent and invigorating life of the farm, is familiar with all details of the work-, has gained a definite knowledge of the various scientific principles irrvolved, and has never found it necessary or desirable to seek other vocations. He has thus been identified with agricultural pursuits in his native county from his boyhood to the present time, and during all of that time has been associated in the work and management of the old homestead, where he continues his successful operations as a general farmer. In politics he gives an unqualified allegiance to the Republican party, but has never held public office, lie is one of the most zealous and valued members of Trinity English Lutheran Church at Richmond. On Nov. 29, 1906, he was married to Miss Clara Tieman, a native of Richmond, who presides over the domestic economies and social affairs of their hospitable home. Of this union have been born two children, the first one, born July 4, 1909, having died in infancy, and Earl Henry, born Aug. 20, 1910. Mrs. Tubesiug's parents - Harmon and Louisa (Sutoff) Tieman - were born in Germany, the father on Oct. 5, 185S, and the mother on March 13 of the same year. Coming to America, they located in Richmond, where they resided until about 1892, when the father purchased a farm in Boston township, to which he has added until he now has 180 acres, which he is engaged in cultivating.