Wayne County, Indiana - The whole text, 1912 (part 7 of 16)

Oliver Hawkins, of the city of Richmond, is a worthy representative of the third generation of the Hawkins family, a pioneer family of Wayne township. He was born on the old Hawkins homestead, within the present city limits of Richmond, Jan. 17, 1845, and nas spent practically his entire life in Wayne county. He attended school at what is known as the "Charles Schoolhouse," District No. 9 of Wayne township, and resided on the old home farm until about twenty-five years old. Then, in company with his brother, he engaged in tile making a number of years, and for a time was also engaged in learning. After* his marriage he purchased a farm in Franklin township and engaged in farming there until the fall of [908, when he purchased the home where he resides, at 209 North Twentieth street, in the city of Richmond. About 1870, he and his brother Xathan went to Minnesota, where they purchased a tract of land and engaged in farming two years. Air. Hawkins still owns the farm of eightyfour acres in Franklin township and has an interest in the old Hawkins homestead, in addition to some residence properties in West Richmond. On March 17, 1897. he was united in marriage to Miss Emily Jane Townsend, a native of (..'enter township, born near Centcrville, Jan. 30, 1861, daughter of John M. and Elizabeth (Edgerton) Townsend, natives of Wayne count}'. Mr. Hawkins and his wife are members of the Friends' church. lie is a son of John and Sarah (Jessup) Hawkins, old and respected residents of Wayne township, the former born on the old Hawkins homestead, in the present city limits (>i Richmond, Nov. 11, 1811, son of John Hawkins, an old pioneer of Wayne count)-. The paternal grandfather was born in Union county, South Carolina, where he was reared. In 1807 he came to Indiana, locating in Wayne township, where he entered the old homestead, a part of which is still in the possession of the Hawkins family, and there continued to reside until his death, in 1859. lie was one of the most highly respected citizens in the township and assisted in every way possible in developing the moral and spiritual welfare of the community. John Hawkins, Jr., father of Oliver and son of John, Sr., was reared on the old Hawkins homestead and educated in the local schools. He early decided to adopt fanning and saw-milling as his life work and sought every means to acquaint himself with scientific methods in agriculture. There was not a more painstaking farmer in Wayne count), and he took great pride in keeping his farm, fences and buildings in the best condition, lie was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Jessup, born in Guilford county, North Carolina, in October, 1813, and they became the parents of eight children: Levi died in 1888; Elizabeth became the wife of William J. Brannon and died in April, 1907; David is living retired in the city of Richmond, as is also Nathan ; Oliver is the next in order of birth ; Albert died at the age of two years; Ellen II. is the widow of Joseph Elliott and resides in the city of Richmond; and Emeline is the wife of Thomas Elleman, a retired farmer of Richmond. The father was a man of rare judgment and exceptional probity and his opinions were highly respected by his friends and associates. He passed away on April 26, 1891, at a ripe old age, and the mother preceded him in death, in March, 1887. The surviving children cherish the memory of parents whose lives are well worth emulating.

Timothy Hart, of Wayne township, was horn in New York City, April 10, f835. He is a son of Michael and Ann (Hums) Hart, born in County Sligo, Ireland. They came to America in early life, making the voyage in a sailing vessel, and located in New York City, where the father worked as a laborer. Some years later they removed to Philadelphia, but soon thereafter the father died and the mother returned to New York City, where she also passed away, when the son Timothy was a small boy. They were the parents of four children, but so far as is known all of 'them are deceased, with the exception of Timothy. He received his educational training in Chester count), Pennsylvania, and in the district schools of Wayne township, of which he has been almost continuously a resident since childhood. His parents having died when he was very young, a gentleman named Thomas Maule took him as a bound boy, and after a short residence in Pennsylvania brought him to Indiana, locating in Wayne township, this count)-. I'ntil he had reached the age of about twenty years Mr. 11 art made his home with Mr. Maule. and then began to learn the carpenter trade with Mahlon Bond, who resided near Goshen, this count)'. Later, he engaged as a farm hand and was so employed until Jul)' 6, 1861, when he enlisted as a private in Company II of the Nineteenth Indiana infantry, for service in the Civil war. This regiment was organized and mustered in at Indianapolis, Jul) 29, 1801. On Aug. 9 it joined the Army of the Potomac at Washington. Its first engagement was at Lewinsville, Ya., Sept. 11. It next fought at Falls Church, after which it went into quarters at Fort Craig, near Washington. On March 10, 1802, it was attached to McDowell's (First) corps, with which it moved toward Fredericksburg and then toward the Shenandoah Valley. It remained at YVarrenton until Aug. 5, when it made a reconnoissance toward Spottsylvania Court I louse. It then joined General Pope's army and fought at Cedar Mountain, Gainesville, and the second Hull Run. After the second battle of Bull Run it was stationed for a time at Washington, then moved to Frederick City, Md., and when Lee began his invasion of Maryland moved with Hooker's corps in pursuit. It fought at South Mountain and at Antietam. At Fredericksburg the regiment was in the Fourth brigade, First division, First corps, but was only slightly engaged. It then went into winter quarters until the beginning of General Hooker's Chancellorsville campaign, when it was in an engagement at Fitzhugh's Crossing of the Rappahannock. It was in position- at Chancellorsville, but was not called into action. It was then attached to the First brigade, First division, First corps, which was the first of the infantry to engage the enemy at Gettysburg, July 1, 1803. The regiment aided in the capture of Archer's Confederate brigade. During the other two days of the fight it occupied a position on Cemetery Hill, but was not seriously engaged. It then took part in the Mine Run campaign and passed the winter near Culpeper. It broke camp at the beginning of the Wilderness campaign ; was engaged at the Wilderness, Laurel Hill, about Spottsylvania, at the North Anna River, and Cold Harbor; and was then constantly on duty in the trenches before Petersburg until the end of the siege, and Air. Hart was mustered out of the service at Petersburg, Va., July 28, 1864. lie is the proud possessor of a brigade badge, which was presented to him by Captain Dudley, at a reunion of the "Iron Brigade," held in Wisconsin. After being mustered out of the service, Mr. Hart worked as a farm hand one year and then for two years operated a farm in Darke county, Ohio. He then came to the farm where he now resides, where he has sixty acres of fine arable soil, and his farm is recognized as one of the best equipped and improved in the community. In the matter of politics Mr. Hart is a staunch Democrat and has been the incumbent of the office of school director. On March 8, 1866, was solemnized the marriage of .Mr. Hart and Miss Rachel Kerlin, born in Fountain City (then Newport), June 23, 183S, daughter of Elijah Isles and Millie Malinda (Sands) Kerlin. Mr. and Mrs. Kerlin were born in Tennessee, the former on Oct. 22, 1800, and the latter on Feb. 23, 1 803. The father came to Indiana in early life, locating just north of Richmond. There he followed the calling of a farmer a number of years. Then, after a short residence in Fountain City, he purchased the place where Mr. Hart resides and thereafter was engaged in farming until the time of his death, which occurred at an advanced age, his wife having passed away some years before his demise. Three children were the issue of the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Hart: Mary Jane, born Nov. 26, 18C7, is the wife of Charles Huffman, of Wayne township; Mattie Bell, born Feb. 8, 1869, is the wife of Dora Wample, a mechanic, of Richmond; and Elijah Irvin, born March 4, 1876, resides at the parental home. Mrs. Hart is the only living child of eleven children born to her parents.

Henry John Hartman, deceased, was a descendant of a fine old German stock. He was born June 22, 1855. in Germany, son of Frederick and Clara Hartman, r.dtives of Germany, where they lived out their allotted lives and passed away. The son attended the excellent schools of the Fatherland, and when a boy of about sixteen years was apprenticed to the tailor trade, which occupation he followed after coming to America, until married. On Feb. 27, 1887, he was united in marriage to Anna Romberg, born in Richmond, Feb. 27, 1865, daughter of Henry and Ella (Frauman) Romberg, born in German}-. Mr. and Mrs. Hartman became the parents of six children - two sons and four daughters. Fred, born Dec. 17, 1890; Marie, born Nov. 16, 1892; Louisa, born Aug. 14, 1895; Gertrude, born Sept. 1, 1897; Emma, born May 4, 1899, and Harry, born Aug. 20, 1904, all residing at home with their mother. After his marriage Mr. Hartman purchased the farm of eighty and one-half acres where his widow resides and engaged in the dairy business some years. Later he devoted his attention exclusively to general farming and stock raising and remained thus actively employed until his death, Jan. 30, 1905. Mr. Ilartman was a publicspirited man and gained a high place in the esteem of the community by his incorruptibility, impartial judgment and kind heart. He was liberal and willing to help those in need. Since his death Mrs. Ilartman has continued to reside on the farm, and with the aid of her sons operates the farm and keeps it up to a high state of cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Romberg, parents of Mrs. Ilartman, emigrated from the Fatherland to America in an early day and established their residence in Richmond, I ml. The father was a moulder by trade and upon his arrival secured employment with the Gaar, Scott & Company manufacturing concern. Later he worked for a time in the mill works at Richmond, but returned to Gaar, Scott & Company, by whom he was employed until his death, in December, 1897. The mother survives and has her residence at the old home at 324 South Tenth street, in the city of Richmond. Nine children were born to these parents, of whom Mrs. Ilartman is the eldest; Carrie is the wife of James Taylor and resides on South Twelfth street, in Richmond, her husband being engaged at the Wayne Works; Louisa is the wife of Charles Connors and also resides in Richmond, her husband being engaged in the Pennsylvania railroad yards; Ella is deceased; Henry resides in Richmond, employed with Gaar, Scott & Company; William is deceased; Minnie is a clerk in the Nusbaum store and resides at home with her mother, as does also Elizabeth, the wife of Albert Ireton, engaged in the yards of the Pennsylvania railroad; and Viola is deceased.

Robert E. Jones, deceased, for a number of years one of the prominent machinists of the city of Richmond, was born in Wayne township, Wayne county, Indiana, Oct. 20, 1864, son of Oliver and Fannie (Gaar) Jones, born in Richmond, the father on Nov. 6, 1833, and the mother on Nov. 5, 1834. In early life the father was a moulder by trade and a considerable time was employed by Gaar, Scott ec Company. lie resides at 210 North Eleventh -street in the city of Richmond. Robert E. Jones received his scholastic training in the ward schools of Richmond and in early life learned the trade of a machinist, which he followed throughout all of his active career, and the scene of his endeavors was the city of Richmond, lie was a man of great inherent ability, thrift) and industrious, and his efforts brought well merited results. Although he gave staunch support to the men ami measures of the Democratic party he never sought public preferment lor himself. Me was a man of great kindness of heart, a loving and indulgent husband and father, upright, honorable, and honest in all his dealings with his fellow men. He died Jan. 19, 1900. On Oct. 30, 1889, was .solemnized Mr. Jones' marriage to Miss Alice Maud Martin, a native of Williamsburg, Wayne county, bom July 18, 1869, daughter of Robert Ik and Mary J. (Forkner) Martin. Her lather 'was born Feb. 18, 1 841, and died April 8, 1906, and her mother, a native of Economy, Wayne county, born Feb. 18, 1841, survives and makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Jones. Robert Ik Martin was a farmer by occupation in his early life and was born at Williamsburg, in Green township. He was twenty years of age when he .emulated the example of Cincinnatqs by leaving the plow upon hearing the fife and drum and enlisting as a soldier for service in the Civil war. After serving a term of enlistment with the three-months troops he re-enlisted as a private in Company I) of the Fifty-seventh Indiana infantry for three years, and was successively promoted to second lieutenant, first lieutenant, and captain. This regiment was recruited in the Fifth and Eleventh Congressional districts and was organized at Richmond in November, 1861. It was mustered in Nov. 18 and left the State Dec. 23, reporting to General Buell at Louisville, where it was assigned to the Sixth division, Army of the Ohio, and ordered to Bardstown, Ky. It moved to Lebanon and on Feb. 12, 1862, to Munfordville, and thence to Nashville. It started for Pittsburg Landing March 21, and was actively engaged at Shiloh. It participated in the siege of Corinth and moved from there to Northern Alabama, where it remained until July, when it was ordered to Tennessee. It was on duty near Tullahoma and MeMinnville until September and then took an active part in the campaign against Bragg in Kentucky, being in the battle of Perryville. It was at Nashville during most of December, guarding forage trains and engaged in frequent skirmishes. At the battle of Stone's River it was attached to the left wing of the army and distinguished itself by its gallantry in resisting the fierce attacks made upon the lines at that point. It was in camp near Murfreesboro during the winter and spring of 1863, took part in Reynolds' "eleven days' scout" in April, and participated in the campaign against Tullahoma. It was in camp near Pelham until Aug. 16, when it joined in the campaign toward Chattanooga and operated on the north side of the Tennessee opposite that city, its brigade taking possession of Chattanooga on its evacuation after the battle of Chickamauga. Its commander, Colonel Lennard, was then assigned as provost-marshal and the regiment was placed on duty as provost guard. It was in the battle of Missionary Ridge and was then assigned to the Second division (Sheridan's), Fourth corps, which formed a part of the column sent to the relief of Burnside at Knoxville. A majority of the members of the regiment, including Mr. Martin, re-enlisted on Jan. 1, 18O4, and were furloughed home in March. The)" rejoined the Fourth corps May 5, and took part in the Atlanta campaign, being engaged at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Adairsville, Allatoona, New I lope Church, where the regiment suffered severely, and in the heavy skirmishes about Kenesaw Mountain. In the assault of June zj the regiment formed the skirmish line in front of the assaulting column of the Fourth corps; was on the skirmish line at Peachtree Creek; was then in the trenches before Atlanta until Aug. 25, and was engaged at Jonesboro. It accompanied its division to Chattanooga, took part in driving Hood into Alabama, and was with Thomas' army which resisted the enemy's invasion of Tennessee. It was engaged at Franklin, with heavy loss, especially in prisoners, and was in the battle of Nashville, after which it moved to II untsville, Ala., 'in pursuit of Hood, remaining there until spring. It moved into Ten- nessee in April, 1865, proceeding from Bull's Gap to Nashville, in July was transferred to Texas, being stationed at Port Lavaca, and was mustered out Dec. 14, 1865. After being honorably discharged from the military service Mr. Martin again engaged in farming, which he followed until 1S71, and then removed to Richmond, where he engaged in the grocery business for several years. Following this he was engaged in the wholesale commission business until 1901, when he disposed of his mercantile interests in Richmond and removed to Des Moines, Iowa, where he resided two years. In 1903 he went to Stone county, Arkansas, and took up a soldier's timber claim, remaining there eighteen months, and in October, 1905, returned to Richmond. While engaged in the wholesale commission business he also conducted a grocery store at Williamsburg three years. He and his good wife became the parents of four children: James Monroe, born Nov. 28, 1867, is a salesman of the National Cash Register and resides at Indianapolis; he is married to Lilly Le Fever and they have two children - Harold and Mildred. Alice M. is the widow of Robert E. Jones; Araer F., born March 20, 1872, is a clothing merchant at Dallas, Tex.; he married Josephine Perkins and they have one child, Dorothy. Cora L., born April 25, 1875, died Aug. 8, 1879. After the death of Mr. Jones his widow went to Iowa with her parents and resided there about four years. She then returned to Richmond and has since continued to reside in that city, being a stockholder in the establishment of Gaar, Scott & Company. Of her union with Mr. Jones was born a daughter, Fannie Elizabeth, born Aug. 31, 1890, a graduate of Earlham College in the class of 1911, and she resides at home with her mother.

Charles H. Burchenal, who died at his residence in the city of Richmond, Dec. 7, 1896, was a native of the State of Maryland and a scion of one of its old and honored pioneer families. His remote ancestors were of French origin and came from the neighborhood of Caen, in Normandy. At the time of William the Conqueror, some members of the family settled in England, where they remained and kept up the name for many generations. One or more of them came to America with Lord Baltimore's first colony and settled on the Eastern shore of Maryland, where, as the records show, they held land at a very early period of the colony. Mr. Burchenal's branch of the family is descended from Jeremiah Burchenal, a planter (bora about 1700J in Kent county, Maryland, where some of the family still reside, Mr. Burchenal's career was emphatically one of integrity and usefulness and upon the record of his life rests no shadow of wrong or suspicion of evil. He lived up to the full measure of his powers for accomplishment, was loyal and public-spirited as a citizen, and his course was ever guided and governed by the loftiest principles, so that to him was given the unequivocal confidence and esteem of his fellow men. llis sterling worth of character was best appreciated b\ those among whom he was reared and who had full knowledge of the various stages of his progress as one of the world's noble army of workers. To such men it is most fitting that a publication of this nature should give specific recognition. Charles H. Burchenal was born at Greensboro, Caroline county, Mar) land, Sept. 18, 1830, a son of Jeremiah and Mary E. (Cockayne) Burchenal, natives of the same State, which contributed so large and valuable a contingent to the early settlement of the various counties of Eastern Indiana. As a child Mr. Burchenal was taken by his parents to Zanesville, Ohio, where his mother, a beautiful and accomplished woman, died in 1836. ilis father was engaged in business in that place until 1838, when, while visiting his old home near Baltimore, Md., he too died, and the boy was brought by his grandmother, a member of the Society of Friends, to Wayne county, Indiana. Four years later, when she realized that her end was near, she felt much anxiety about young Charles, who, though left with means sufficient for his education, would be comparatively alone in the world. It was her wish that Achilles Williams and his wife, prominent Quakers of Richmond, to whom she was related, should take the child into their home, and after her death, in 1842, Charles, with the consent of his guardian in Zanesville, remained with them about eight years and became deeply attached to the family, who cherished him as one of their own. In 1844 Mr. Williams was elected treasurer of Wayne count)' and moved from Richmond to Centerville, which was then the county seat. While he lived in Richmond Mr. Burchenal's preliminary educational discipline was secured in the common schools of that city, and after the removal to Centerville he became a pupil in the County Seminary (then in charge of Rawson Vaile) until 1847, when he was appointed clerk in the office of the county treasurer, a place which he held until 1850. Early in that year he entered the law office of Newman & Siddall, and in March was recommended to the court as a "young man of good character who desired to study law," and he was allowed to sit within the enclosure of the court room, reserved for the lawyers, a privilege from which the general public was excluded. In the office of Newman & Siddall Mr. Burchenal made swift progress in his studies and two years later was admitted to the bar, voluntarily submitting to an examination by a committee appointed by the lawyers of the county, an examination which he passed with credit. About the time of his admission to the bar he became a member of the "Dark Lyceum," a debating society at Centerville, an account of which is given in the first volume of this publication, and he became quite prominent in that organization. In the rooms of the order was hung the picture of Apellcs of Cos, drawn by Mr. Burchenal. He was extremely skillful in the use of the pencil and often during a trial would sketch rapidly the picture of judge, jury, and witnesses with surprising accuracy. After his admission to the bar, Mr. Burchenal advanced rapidly in the profession. In 1854 he was elected district attorney of the Common Pleas Court of Wayne county and served two years, lie never held any other office. In 1861 he moved from Centerville to Richmond and entered into partnership with William A. Bickle (afterward judge of the Superior Court), a connection which lasted until September, 1864. After this he practiced law alone for many years. In 1885 he formed with John L. Rupe a partnership which continued until August, 1895. H's extraordinary ability brought him at an early day to the front rank in his profession. He was for many years the leader of the bar, being engaged on one side or the other of nearly every important case, and lii-i piac I in; Wa:, the |.nr«-.l .nid kit. I In. i.ilive .jj ..in ill lln- -oiin reputation, he cared little for money, lie was not a good collector of the debts that were due to himself and saved but little from his income. In knowledge of the general principles of law, in skill in pleading and readiness in practice he had no superior in Indiana. Early in life he joined the Episcopal church and retained his membership, always enjoying the service and mode of worship. His belief, however, was far from orthodox. His natural interest in religious topics, and especially those of a more spiritual nature, led him to a close study of the works of Emmanuel Swendenborg, and his religious belief was largely founded upon them. In politics he was originally a Whig, having cast his first vote for General Scott, in 1852. When the Republican party was formed he attached himself to that organization and continued firm in his adherence to it until his death. I lis, life was redolent of kindliness and he made for himself a secure place in the confidence and esteem of all with whom he came in contact in the various relations of life. Mr. Burchenal married in i860 Miss Ellen Jackson, who died in 1863. He left one son, John Burchenal, by this marriage. In 1871 he married at Baltimore Miss Mary E. Day, by whom he had three daughters - Ruth, Elizabeth and Emma - and two sons - Carlos and Selden.

Henry Clay Fox, judge of the Circuit Court of Wayne county and one of the foremost citizens of Richmond, Ind., was born near West Elkton, Preble county, Ohio, Jan. 20, 1836. His father, Eevi Eox, was a native of New Jersey and a son of Thomas Fox, who was also a native of New Jersey and there spent his entire life, devoting his energies to farming. He was descended from the celebrated Fox family of England that furnished to that nation some of its most eminent and prominent representatives. Thomas Eox married Nancy Pitman, a native of New York. Eevi Fox was always a farmer and was an honorable, sincere and unassuming character, who did his duty as he saw it. lie spent the days of his boyhood and youth in New Jersey, and in 1810 removed to Preble county, Ohio, where he was extensively engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, in 1807. lie married Miss Rebecca Inman, who was of Irish descent, and she passed away in 1846. In politics Levi Fox was an ardent Whig and a great admirer and a supporter of Henry Clay, wdiose name he bestowed upon his son - the future judge of the Wayne Count)' Circuit Court. Both he and his wife were active and influential members of the Methodist Episcopal church and their labors largely promoted its usefulness, lie took a commendable interest in everything pertaining to the general welfare and was one of the prime movers of the Eaton & Hamilton railroad, doing much to secure its location and completion. Judge

Fox was reared on a farm, receiving the scholastic training afforded by the common schools in the vicinity of his home, and then continued his studies in Whitewater College, in Centerville, Tnd. In i860 he removed from Preble county to Centerville, which was then the county seat of Wayne county, and began the study of law under the direction of George W. Julian. After pursuing a thorough course and largely familiarizing himself with the underlying principles of jurisprudence, Mr. Fox was admitted to the bar in 1861, but, instead of devoting his energies to building up a practice, he put aside all personal considerations and offered his services to the government, becoming a member of Company C, Fifty-seventh Indiana infantry. He was made fust lieutenant and served thirteen months, at the end of which time he was forced to resign on account of failing health. During that time, however, he participated in the hard-fought battle of Pittsburg Landing. After his return home Lieutenant Fox began the practice of law, and for that purpose formed a partnership with Judge Nimrod II. Johnson, under the firm name of Johnson & Fox. In 1S75 Judge Fox removed from Centerville to Richmond and has since made his home in this city. He opened an office and successfully engaged in practicing law. In 1862 he was elected district attorney for the common pleas district, composed of the counties of Wayne, Union, Fayette and Franklin. In 1864 he was re-elected, serving in all four years in this office. In the year 1S78 he was elected judge of the Wayne Superior Court, which position he held until the office was abolished. On Aug. 25, 1892, Governor Chase appointed him a judge on the appellate bench of Indiana, and he was nominated for the same position in that year by the Republican party, hut at the regular fall election he was defeated with the balance of the Republican ticket. In the year 1896 he was elected judge of the Seventeenth Judicial Circuit of Indiana, which position he has filled to the present time by repeated re-elections. In politics the Judge has been an ardent Republican all his life, uncompromising in Ins political views. For forty-eight years he has been a member of the Masonic fraternity, his present membership being with Richmond Lodge at Richmond, tnd. In May, 1861, was solemnized Judge Fox's marriage to Miss Helen S. Linsley, of Trumbull county, Ohio, and of Scotch and Welsh descent. At the time of her marriage she was a teacher of music, and she and her husband first met in the town of Seven Mile, Butler county, Ohio, where Miss Linsley was teaching music for the celebrated Professor Hanby, the author of the well known song, "Nellie Gray," and other popular ballads. Three children were the issue of the union of Jud:_;e and Mrs. Fox - Francis L., Frederick II., and Florence J. The daughter is an artist of rare ability, her specialty being in oil painting of animals, and she also excels as a painter of portraits. She was for some time a pupil under Professor Bell, of New York. The Judge has also had some experience in literary matters, having a very fine library of miscellaneous books. As a matter of recreation he has indulged in some literary work, 'principally of a humorous character, and has won considerable repu- tation by the publication of a book entitled "The Adventures of a Philosopher, a Dun Mule and a Brindle Dog," of which two editions were quickly sold; and another production of his pen, "Uncle Zeek and Aunt Eliza," has received favorable comment from a large number of readers. In the preparation of the historical volume of the "Memoirs of Wayne County and the City of Richmond," he has given the benefit of his long residence in and intimate knowledge of Lenawee county by acting in the capacity of editor.

John B. Dougan has gained prestige as one of the able and popular men of affairs of Wayne county and is at present occupying the position of president of the Second National Bank at Richmond, lie is a member of one of the prominent families of Wayne county, with whose annals the name has been identified for more than half a century. He was born at Xiles, Mich., Dec. 14, 1847, a son of William and Anna (Gray) Dougan. The father was born in the north of Ireland, in 1809, and with his brother, George Dougan, came to the L'nited States about the year 1820, locating at Pittsburgh, Pa., where he learned the carpenter's trade, following that occupation in the Keystone State seven years. He also mastered cabinet making and became an expert mechanic. He later removed to Niles, Mich., where he engaged in carpentering and contracting, erecting the greater number of the buildings of that city during his residence there. He became not only one of the substantial men of that place, but was also a citizen to whom was ever accorded the fullest measure of popular confidence and esteem. He was a man of forceful individuality, guided his life according to the strictest principles of integrity and honor, and wielded much influence in public aftairs of a local nature. He married Anna Gray, a native of the north of Ireland and a daughter of Isaac and Martha (Bartley) Gray. Her mother was an English lady, but married Mr. Gray in the Emerald Isle, and they emigrated to America in the early '20s, their daughter, Anna, who remained in Ireland, joining them in America a few years later. Their first home was in Rockbridge county, Virginia, but after a short residence there they came to Richmond, Incl'., Mr. Gray being one of the leading pioneer merchants of that city. llis last days were spent in Niles, Mich., where his death occurred in 1831. William and Anna (Gray) Dougan became the parents of six children: Isaac G. is a retired farmer of Spring Grove, Wayne county; William is a practicing physician at Niles, Mich.; George B. is of the firm of Dougan & Company, insurance, of Richmond; David is a banker at Denver, Colo.; John B. is the next in order of birth; and Martha is the wife of I. T. Foster, of Richmond. The father of this family died in August, 1849. Eight years later, in 1857, the mother became the wife of Daniel Reid and by this union had two children: Daniel G., president of the American Tin Plate Company; and Virginia, who became the wife of O. H. Rogue, of Wabash, Ind., and died Nov. 28, 191 1. Mrs. Reid died in September, 1898, at the advanced age of eighty-three years. John B. Dougan spent the first ten years of his life in Niles, Mich., and in 1858 came with his family to Richmond; and he passed the remainder of his boyhood days under the helpful influences and discipline of the home farm where the family resided. There he became familiar with all the duties and labors that fall to the lot of the agriculturist, and in the intervals of farm work improved the educational advantages afforded by the district schools of the neighborhood. In the fall of 1865 he returned to Niles, Mich., where he attended school for a year, and, thus equipped fur the practical and responsible duties of a business career, again came to Richmond, in September, 1866, and entered the First National Hank, as "messenger boy." For six years he remained with that institution, and his close application, "his faithfulness and his ability won him promotion from time to time until he was made general bookkeeper. In 1872, when the Second National Hank of Richmond was organized, he was tendered and accepted the position of cashier of that institution, continuing in that capacity until Jan. 1, 1898, when he was elected vice-president, and in August, 1901, he became president, in which position he still continues. He is a close student of the banking business, in all departments of which he keeps in close touch with the advances made from year to year. In politics Mr. Dougan shows an abiding faith in the principles of the Republican part)', of whose cause he is a zealous supporter, and in a fraternal way is identified with the Masonic order, being a member of Richmond Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons ; King Solomon's Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; Richmond Commandery, Knights Templars; and Indianapolis Consistory, Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret. In October, 1876, Mr. Dougan was united in marriage to Miss Helen L. Scott, a daughter of William G. Scott, deceased. They hold membership in the Presbyterian church, and for many years Mr. Dougan has served as one of its trustees.

Isaac Jenkinson, deceased, for many years prominent in public life and the last surviving Indiana member of the Electoral College that chose Abraham Lincoln for President in i860, was born at Piqua, Ohio, April 29, 1825. He was a son of John Jenkinson, a tanner by occupation. When a small boy he moved with his parents to Deerfield, Randolph county, Indiana, a town now extinct, lie was appointed postmaster at that place by President Tyler when only seventeen years old, and when twenty-one was elected justice of the peace. During his young manhood he moved to Fort Wayne and became identified with that growing town's interests. In 1856 he was one of the organizers of the Republican part_\r in Allen county and made his first Republican speech in Fort Wayne, then a hotbed of Democracy. When the Civil war came on, Governor Morton made him a recruiting officer in the State, and he devoted all of his time to the cause. In 1863, in partnership with David W. Jones, he founded the Fort Wayne "Gazette," now the "Journal-Gazette," and continued its publication several years. Jones did not remain long in the journalistic harness. The "Gazette" had a stormy voyage, but survived. Mr. Jenkinson's next journalistic effort found him in Richmond, where he became a publisher of the "Palladium," already being printed weekly and now the second oldest paper in Indiana. It was founded in 1831, but was preceded several years by the "Western Sun," of Vincennes. Mr. Jenkinson established the "Palladium" in the daily held and continued to be its editor twenty years, during which time he served as postmaster at Richmond. It is a matter of local history that every editor of the "Palladium" has, with the exception of the present editor, Rudolph G. Leeds, been at some time or other the postmaster at Richmond. Air. Jenkinson was assigned to an important post by President Grant in 1869, that of consul to Glasgow, Scotland, and remained there until 1874. But it was in educational affairs that Mr. Jenkinson made what he termed his happiest record. Prior to 1908, when he retired, he was thirty-live years a member of the board of trustees of Indiana University at Bloomington. He was the president of the board for seventeen years, lie was also a member . of the first board of trustees of Purdue University at Lafayette, having been present when the site for the first building of that now magnificent institution was selected. One feature of his educational work held first place in his pride - that of having first advocated making Indiana University a co-educational institution. He fought long for that cause and finally triumphed, in 18117, when he succeeded in getting the other trustees to vote to admit Miss Sarah Parke Morrison as a student in that institution. Miss Morrison .was the first woman graduate, receiving her diploma in 1869. She now lives in Knightstown. Mr. Jenkinson was also instrumental in the purchase of the beautiful campus of Indiana University. .After his retirement from the duties of active life he resided in his beautiful home at Richmond until the time of his demise, Oct. 25, 191 1. He is survived by a widow, Airs. Xarcissa (Lewis) Jenkinson, whom he married at Williamsburg, in 1854.

Henry Rayburn Robinson. - Among those to whom the thriving little city of Richmond is indebted for its business and civic prestige is Henry Rayburn Robinson, a native son of the city and one of its most honored and progressive citizens. He was born in Richmond, Ind., Feb. 13, 1874, a representative of one of the sterling pioneer families of this favored section of the State, lie is a son of the late Henry E. and Emma (Brown) Robinson (see sketch of Henry E. Robinson). He was afforded the advantages of the excellent public schools of Richmond, including the high school, in which he graduated with the class of 1894, after which he became a student in the Alassachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Mass., and soon afterward entered the establishment of Robinson & Company, at Richmond, which his grandfather had founded. He was literally reared in the business, as was also his brother, William P. Robinson, the efficient secretary of the concern, and started in the shops as a workman, continuing so employed until the death of his grandfather, lie then successively filled the positions of foreman, assistant superintendent, and superintendent, until 1908, when he was made vice-president and superintendent of the company. He has contributed his due share in making the enterprise a distinctive success. Air. Robinson is a man of much initiative power and progressive ideas, his business affairs are handled with discrimination and ability, and he has so ordered his course in all the relations of life as to maintain the confidence and good will of the people of his native county and all others with whom he has had business or social relations, lit is a member of the Commercial Club and of the Tourist Club of Richmond, president of the Richmond Lake and Park Company - a corporation organized to purchase and preserve 100 acres of land known as the Hawkins and Marmon Estates, situated in the river valley between Tenth street and (den Miller Park - and he is a communicant of St'. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church, in which he lias officiated as superintendent of the Sunday school for about twenty years. On July 12, 1899, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Robinson to Miss Olive M. Kaminski, born near Steubenville, Ohio, a daughter of Mrs. Anna E. Kaminski, of Richmond. Mrs. Robinson is a graduate of Earlham College in the class of 189(1. Of the union of Mr. and Mrs Robinson have been born two sons - Charles K. and Francis W. The family resides at 832 National Road.

Henry E. Robinson, deceased, for many years prominent as a manufacturer, was bom in Richmond, Inch, Oct. 10, 1839. tie was a son of Francis \Y. and Susan IS. Robinson (see sketch of Francis W, Robinson). He received the educational training afforded by the schools of his native city and remained at home until the breaking out of the Civil war. Then, when twenty-two years old, he enlisted as a private in the Fifty-seventh Indiana infantry. This regiment was recruited in the Fifth and Eleventh Congressional districts and was organized at Richmond, in Xo- ' vember, 1861. It was mustered in, Nov. 18, and left the State Dec. 23, reporting to General Buell at Louisville, where it was assigned to the Sixth division, Army of the Ohio, and ordered to Bardstown, Ky. It moved to Lebanon, and on Feb. 12, 1862, to Munfordville,' and thence to Nashville. It started for Pittsburg Landing, March 21, and was actively engaged at Shiloh. It participated in the siege of Corinth and moved from there to Northern Alabama, where it remained until Jul}', and was then ordered to Tennessee. It was on duty near Tullahoma and Mc- Minnville until September and then took an active part in the campaign against Bragg in Kentucky, being in the battle of Perryville, Mr. Robinson participated in all of the services of his regiment up until this time, but soon thereafter was forced to retire on account of illness, and his discharge from the service was received after his return home, lie recovered after a severe illness and then went to Indianapolis, where he became identified with an express company. Later, he returned to Richmond and became a partner with his lather in the Robinson Machine Works. He was made vice-president of the company when it was incorporated, in 1 SS<), as Robinson & Company, and when his father died, in 1897, Mr. Robinson was chosen president, continuing in that position until his death, Jan. 9, 1909. While living at Indianapolis, Mr. Robinson was happily married to Miss Emma Brown. Mrs. Robinson died as the result of a railway accident, near Hay View, Mich., where she was spending the summer months, Sept. 14, 1899. While alighting from a passenger train she stepped in front of another one, which she did not see, and the fatal accident caused deeply felt grief among a large circle of friends. She and her husband are buried at Crown Hill cemetery, in Indianapolis. Mr. Robinson was a leading manufacturer of Richmond and was one of the most prominent business men in the community, having served for some time as president of the County Council. For many years he was identified with St. Paul's Episcopal Church, lie was a congenial man, had a large circle of friends, and was recognized as one of the most systematic and thorough business men in the city. His interest in local affairs was always manifested and his time for private matters was not so valuable as to prevent him from devoting a portion to the public welfare. He is survived by live children: Frank 1'.., a locating engineer in the West; Airs. Frank Vaughan, of Richmond; William P. Robinson, secretary of Robinson & Companx ; Henry Rayburn Robinson (see sketch); and Mrs. Harry Gennett, of Richmond. Mr. Robinson is also survived by live sisters: Mrs. Emily Yeo, Mrs. S. E. Swayne, Mrs. George Barnes, and the Misses Elenora and Frances Robinson.

Fielding Gaar was born in Richmond, on South Front street, now South Fourth street, Jan. 1, 1827. He was the youngest son of Jonas and Sarah (Watson) Gaar (see sketch of Gaar' Family, page 2~y). From the age of fifteen years he was actively connected with the old linn of A. Gaar & Company and afterwards with Gaar, Scott & Company until about twenty years before his death, which occurred at his residence, 206 North Fifteenth street, in Richmond, Nov. 19, 1900. He was a stockholder in the firm of Gaar, Scott cS: Company from the time of its organization. In November, 1805, he was married to Mary J. Gallagher. Their children are: Jonas, the eldest, who resides in Richmond; Charles, a machinist with Gaar, Scott & Company; Indiana, who married II. W. Gilbert, manager of collections for the firm of Gaar, Scott & Company; and Earl, who resides with his mother in Eos Angeles, Cal.

William Dudley Foulke, lawyer, writer, journalist, and one of the leading citizens of the State of Indiana, was born at No. 70, Rivington street, New York City, Now 20, J 848, a son of Thomas and Hannah (Shoemaker) Foulke. lie is a descendant of Edward Foulke, who emigrated from North "Wales in 1698 and was among the colonists brought by William Penn to America, settling at Gwynodd, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania. The ancestry of Edward Foulke was set forth in one of those long and luxuriant pedigrees so common in Welsh genealogies and afterward formed the subject of a satire by Mr. Foulke, entitled "The Economical Acquisition of Royal Ancestry," which appeared in his "Protean Papers," published by G. P. Putnam's Sons, in 1903. Air. Foulke's father and grandfather (Joseph Foulke) were both ministers in the Society of Friends. His father, Thomas Foulke, was for a long time principal of Grammar School No. 45, their the largest school in New York City, and to that school the hoy was sent for his education; but owing to ill health his attendance was intermittent, and his early education was acquired mostly at home. When his father afterwards became principal of Friends' Seminary at Rutherford Place, New York City, Mr. Foulke attended school there for some years, and then, after a few months' preparation under a private tutor, he entered Columbia College, in the fall of 1865, graduating in 1869, at the head of his class and delivering the Greek Salutatory. A year later he was admitted to the bar in New York, and in 1871 graduated at Columbia College Law School, commencing the practice of the law in New York City, in partnership with Frank Molocsay. In October, 1872, he was married to Mary Taylor Reeves, daughter of Mark E. and Caroline M. Reeves, of Richmond, fnd. He continued the practice of the law in New York until 1876, when he removed to Richmond and formed a partnership with Jesse P. Siddall, one of the solicitors of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis Railway Company, and he remained for fifteen years one of the attorneys of this company, as well as being engaged in general practice. In 1882 he was elected upon the Republican ticket as a member of the Indiana State Senate from Wayne county and seiwed four years. Luring his term he refused to support Mr. Blaine for the Presidency. He became interested in the reform of the civil service ami. introduced a bill to establish this reform in Indiana, but public opinion was not yet ripe for the matter and it failed by a close vote 4.0 pass the Senate. He subsequently became president of the Indiana Civil Service Reform Association and conducted a series of investigations into the management of the State Insane Hospital, which resulted in revealing many abuses, including fraudulent contracts and the ill treatment of patients, due to the spoils system under the partisan management of that institution. This investigation and the publicity given to it had considerable influence in the election of 18S6, as well as in the Presidential campaign of 1888, in which Benjamin Harrison was elected. In 1889-90, during Mr. Harrison's term, Mr. Foulke was the chairman of a special committee of the National Civil Service Reform League, consisting of Charles J. Bonaparte, Richard 11. Dana, Jr., Wayne MaeVeagh, and Sherman S. Rogers, which conducted a series of investigations into the condition of the Federal civil service, embracing the subjects of Congressional patronage, the administration of the Patent Office and Census Bureau, political changes in the Postoffice Department, removal of office-holders upon secret charges, and other matters, and severe strictures were made upon the administration of President Harrison. It was while he was conducting this investigation that a friendship began between Mr. Roosevelt, who was then Civil Service Commissioner, and Mr. Foulke, and which has continued uninterruptedly since that time. Mr. Foulke was also for many years president of the American Wroman Suffrage Association, until its union with the National Woman Suffrage Association, in 1890. In that year he retired from the generalprac- tice of the law. In 1891 he was elected president of Swarthmore College, but was unable to accept the position, owing to the sudden death of his brother-in-law, Arthur M. Reeves, which cast certain business responsibilities upon him and made a removal to the East impossible. Four years before this time he wrote "Slav or Saxon," a monograph, describing the growth of Russian civilization and its rivalry to the civilization of Englishspeaking peoples. A second edition of this work, including an account of subsequent Russian aggressions, was published irt [898, and a third edition, subsequent to the war between China and Japan, was published in 1904 (G. I'. Putnam's Sons). In 1899 he published in two volumes a biography of Oliver P. Morton, the war governor of Indiana (Bobbs-Merrill Co., of Indianapolis), which is in fact a history of Indiana during the period of the Civil war, as well as a record of the subsequent career of Mr. Morton in the United States Senate. He was acting chairman of the Congress on Sufi rage in the World's Congress Auxiliary of the Columbian Exposition in 1893, and in that year became president of the American Proportional Representation League. Mr. Foulke has devoted a considerable portion of his time to foreign travel in all the countries of Europe, in Cuba, Mexico, Yucatan, etc., and in 1900 published "Maya, a Story of Yucatan,'' being a romance of the period of the Spanish Conquest, the scene of which was laid in Uxmal and other places in that peninsula. Mr. Foulke has also taken an active part in every political campaign since 1876, and another book, issued by him in 1903, entitled "Protean Papers," is a collection of miscellaneous essays, the first one, "Spell-binders," enumerating the characteristic ami amusing scenes in the career of a political campaigner. Other articles describe "Mountaineering in Mexico," "The Frailties of Literary Criticism," "The Disadvantages of a University Education," and other subjects. Mr. Foulke has also been an occasional contributor to various magazines. When Mr. Roosevelt succeeded to the Presidency, in 1901, one of his first appointments was that of Mr. Foulke to the National Civil Service Commission, and as such he served until 1903, most of the time as the colleague of John R. Proctor and James R. Garfield. He resigned, owing to ill health, and has since devoted much of his time to travel in Italy, Germany, Greece, Russia, Scandinavia, France, Spain, etc. In 1906 he wrote the first English translation of the "History of the Langobards, by Paul, the Deacon," with elaborate historical and critical notes. This work was issued by the Department of History of the University of Pennsylvania. He has also been a contributor to the American Historical Magazine. In 1906, Earlham College, in his home city, conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws. In November, 1910, he succeeded Charles J. Bonaparte as president of the National Municipal League, and in the same year wrote "The Quaker Boy," a tale of the outgoing generation, as it appears chronicled in the autobiography of Robert Barclay Dillingham, and which appeared a year later under the' title, "Dorothy Day" (Cosmopolitan Press, 191 1). In the same year, 191 1, "Maya," a lyrical drama, was issued by the same Press, being a dramatization of Mr. Foulke's romance of the same title. He has also delivered numerous addresses on political and sociological subjects in various parts of the country. In 191 1 he was re-elected President of the National Municipal League. In politics lie is a progressive Republican. He has been, since June, 1909, one of the editors, as well as the principal proprietor, of the "Evening Item," an independent newspaper, published in Richmond. At an earlier period, in 1883, he was for a short time one of the editors of the "Palladium," another Richmond paper.

John and Elizabeth (Piatt) Erwin. - The simple life was the universal type of life in Richmond 100 years ago, and it seems fitting to pay tribute to the generous helpfulness and rugged integrity of the early settlers, who left their far-away homes in the East and braved the hardships of the overland journey which brought them to the new country waiting to be occupied and made to blossom and yield its treasures to the diligent and intelligent laborers. The strength of every government - municipal, State or National - lies in the great body of men and women whose struggles, failures, and successes never come to the notice of the general public. Without their staunch loyalty great leaders would be powerless. John and Elizabeth Erwin belonged to that body of men and women who agree with Whittier in the belief that "Love of God and neighbor should be an equal-handed labor," and their quiet lives were so lived that they la\ down to their final rest "like one who wraps the drapery of his couch about him and lies down to rest, undisturbed by thoughts of wrongs." They came with their eight children - except the eldest daughter, Mary Ann Frazer, - from Newport, Del., to Richmond, Ind., in 1828. One child, Maria, died at the age of nine years and was buried at the old home, and one son, William, was born in the West. Some incidents of the journey will illustrate the changes that have taken place in the means of transportation, from a wagon for the baggage and a "Dearborn" for the accommodation of the family, to the baggage cars and Pullman sleepers of to-day. They left Newport at an early hour, June 15, 1828, and dined at Rock Meeting House, where they bade farewell to the relatives who had accompanied them thus far - a sadder parting than we of to-day can realize when the distance can be comfortably covered in less than twenty-four hours. They usually traveled from 5 or f> o'clock in the morning until 7 or 8 o'clock in the evening, with stops for meals, repairs to the wagon, the purchase of supplies, rest for horses, etc. They struck the turnpike twenty-three and one-half miles from Baltimore, at a small village called Rush. Before reaching Baltimore the)' paid $175 for crossing a bridge at Fort Deposit, and fifty cents, sixty-two and one-half cents, and thirty-one and one-fourth cents at the three toll gates. The land was well cultivated to St. Petersburg, at the foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains, where they stopped for the night, passing the villages of Cookstown, Lisbon, Poplar Springs, Ridgeville, New Market, and Frederick, the last three boasting the possessions of postoffices. Beyond the first summit lay an elegant valley and the village of Middletown. When they reached the summit of the second ridge repairs to the wheels became necessary. Four miles beyond Boonsville the faithful dogs were missed and the eldest son returned for them, at the cost of an extra walk of mure than sixteen miles before he rejoined Thomas Boys and a black boy, "Jacob," who waited for him while the rest of the company went on to Hagerstown, seventy miles from Baltimore. Thomas Boys was a cobbler who accompanied the family and made shoes for the earl)- residents of Richmond at their homes. The black boy, "Jake," as he was familiarly known, was a slave in Delaware and had importuned Mr. Erwin to buy him and bring him west with him. Mr. Erwin was opposed to slavery, and could not have held him in servitude in Indiana in any event, but finally paid the price of his freedom, in return for which "Jake" rendered faithful and willing service, later becoming a useful citizen as a barber. The attention of the oldest son, John W. Erwin, was attracted by the many bridges, of two, three, or four arches, in some instances. It is interesting to note that on his arrival at Richmond he diligently applied himself to the study of astronomy, navigation, surveying, and kindred subjects, anil became very proficient in surveying, a calling in which in after years he gained much prominence and was largely instrumental in developing the resources and industries of the western country. He was employed in constructing the first turnpike west of the mountains, and with his brother-in-law, John Frazer, who came west later, assisted in building all the old covered bridges on the National Road. Their names, with others, were to be seen on the abutment of the old Main Street bridge, crossing Whitewater. John W. Erwin was interested throughout his long life in all works of a public character, and this interest, no doubt, was aroused by the experiences of this long journey, which terminated July 12, Saturday, at 1 o'clock, p. m., at Richmond, Ind., where the family stopped at Mr. Sutherland's hotel, remaining until Tuesday, when they rented a house of Patrick Justice at $4 per month, putting the horses to pasture the next day, July 16. One of these horses would never work double again. Most of the stops for the night had been at wayside inns and the expense ranged from twenty-live cents to $i.87/,2, totalling about $28. Supplies had been difficult to procure at times, particularly in the "plentiful State" of Ohio, where they "nearly starved," says the diary of one of the boys. Bread by the loaf had varied from '(w^ cents to twelve and one-half cents; sugar, ten to fourteen cents per pound; butter, six and one-fourth to ten cents; beef, hard to ij per pound ; ham, eight ecu sixty-two and one-half cent plies was about $25. Nine'1 varying from thirty-one an< one-half cents, totalling $;

$2.o6M. They began the ascent of the Allegheny range of mountains, June 24, making only fifteen miles that day on account of constantly ascending or descending. They reached the foot of the last mountain, Laurel Hill, June 27, when they encountered the first rain and the first necessity for heavy repairs to the wagon wheels- -new spokes and tires. The growth of Norwich, Ohio, seemed phenomenal to them as they passed, July 4, 1828, its forty buildings, including four or five taverns, having been built since Aug. 13, 1827, with seven or eight brick houses to be erected that summer. Circleville, with its circular streets and interesting mounds, was described. Xenia and Dayton were "considerable villages," the latter "well laid out" and having an elegant saw near and three large canal boats in process of construction. The woods on the mountains abounded with panthers, bears, wolves, deer, etc. The inhabitants, principally Dutch and Irish, lived in poorly constructed log cabins. Just before reaching Wheeling they passed the monument erected by Moses and Lydia Shepherd to Henry Clay, in 1820. At Morristown they stopped at Nathan Shepherd's inn, with the sign of "equestrian statue of Gen. Andrew Jackson." The turnpike was finished only to Zanesville and the)- had to travel the "old route." It was expected that 100 miles of the National Pike to Cincinnati would be completed that year, which the writer said would be "superb." It was in this way that the early settlers came west, where mutual helpfulness - the spirit of brotherly kindness - was the watchword, and log-rollings, barn-raisings, quiltings, apple-pearings, and corn-huskings were the natural expressions of it, born of common needs. John Erwin was a farmer and spent the remainder of his life in this vicinity, dying in 1841). His wife died in 1846. His secund son, George W., was associated in later life with his brother, John, in a paper mill at Middletown, Ohio. Samuel, Edwin, and William for many years lived on farms southeast of Richmond, the first named residing there until his death. Edwin and William later in life moved to Missouri. Elizabeth Erwin married Aaron Shute and lived on a farm on the State line. Lydia married Alexander Stokes and lived in and near Richmond to an advanced age, having been a widow many years. Alice P. married Dr. William B, Smith, for many years a successful physician in Richmond. His wife survived him, spending her last years in Indianapolis, Ind. Susan B. Erwin married Erancis W. Robinson, who established the Robinson Machine Works, passing away in 1895, her husband surviving her two years. Maria died in youth before the)' left Delaware. The survivors of this family are as follows: Erank Erwin Brandt, grandson of John W. Erwin, and two children reside in Aurora, 111. Elizabeth Strobridge, daughter of George W. Erwin, and one daughter, formerly of Cincinnati, are now in North Carolina with several other children and great-grandchildren. Three grandchildren -

Mice I'. Sniilli. Tumi d.nmlilu . Man Mmlc ami ! -,il ah Mnl - one grandchild Mrs. Mvra Necdhain and dailghlei survive Lydia E. Stokes. The living descendants of Susan Li. Robinson: Children - Emily Piatt Yeo, Elizabeth F. Barnes, Eleonora H. and Frances M. Robinson, and Airs. S. E. Swayne; grandchildren - H. M. Yep, Willard F. Yeo, Frank B., William Platte, ami II. R. Robinson, Mrs. Daisy T. Vaughan, Mrs. Grace Gennett, E. Yarrington Barries, and Juliet R. Swayne; and there are fifteen great-grandchildren. Of William P. Erwin one son, Edwin 1'. Erwin and family, are the only descendants.

Edward W. Craighead, a leading business man of the city of Richmond and ex-president of the Electrical Contractors' Association oi the State of Indiana, was bom in Wooster, Wayne county, Ohio, May I, 1863. Lis parents were William Johnston and Mary Ann (McClure) Craighead, the former born in Pennsylvania, March 7, 1833, and died Aug. 19, 1864, and the latter in Wooster, Ohio, and died in the same place in 1900. They were married Oct. 17, 1855. The father represented the sixth generation of the Craighead family in this, country. The first of the family name to come to America was Rev. Thomas Craighead, a son of Rev. Robert Craighead, who was a native of Scotland and who removed to Ireland, where he was. settled as pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Dono.ughmore, in 1657-58, in which place he labored thirty years. lie was subsequently a minister at Londonderry, at the time the gates of that city were closed against the Papal forces of James II, whose purpose it was to massacre the Protestants. Reverend Craighead made his escape the second day of the siege that followed and made his way to Glasgow, Scotland; but afterward returned to Ireland and died in Londonderry, in 171 J. J lis son Thomas was educated in Scotland as a physician and married the daughter of a Scotch laird. After practicing medicine for a time he abandoned that profession, studied theology, and was a pastor several years in Ireland, principally at Donegal. In consequence, however, of the oppressions endured by the Presbyterians of that country and indicted by the government and the established church, and past experience giving them little hope of any permanent relief, large numbers of the people determined to emigrate to America. Among these emigrants was Thomas Craighead, who came to New England in 1715, accompanied by Rev. William Holmes, who was married to Reverend Craighead's sister, Catherine. Reverend Holmes settled at Martha's Vineyard and is buried with his wife at Chilmark. Their eldest son, Robert, was a sea captain, resided, in Boston, and married Mary, a sister of Benjamin Franklin. The first public mention made of Thomas Craighead in this country is by Cotton Mather, who speaks of him as preaching at Freetown, which was about forty miles south of Boston, and urges the people to do all in their power to have him settle among them. The efforts made for his settlement in Freetown were unsuccessful, for we find a notice in President Stiles' papers of his coming "to the Jerseys" in the spring of 1723. On Jan. 28, 1724, he became a member of New Castle Presbytery, which at that period included portions of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. He received a call from White Clay Creek, Del., in February of the same year, and accepted it. lie was installed Sept. 22, 1724, and was there seven years, lie removed to Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, in 1733, and on Sept. 3 of the same year united with Donegal Presbytery, at which time a call was placed in his hands from the church at Pequea. This he accepted and was installed as pastor, Oct. 31, Rev. Mr. Anderson presiding. He died while pastor of the church at Newville, in April, 1739. The great-grandson of Rev. Thomas Craighead was James ( idson Craighead, who married Margaret Patterson and became the father of John Craighead, the grandfather of Edward \V. John Craighead was born May 6, 1S02, in Pennsylvania, and on Feb. 10, 1831, was married to Alesanna Johnston, of Cumberland county, that State. His wife died Nov. 2, 1856, and he passed away March io, 1864. They were the parents of William Johnston Craighead, the father 'of Edward W. William J. Craighead spent the early years of his life on a farm with his parents near Mansfield, Ohio. Then for a time he conducted a tin and coppersmith shop in Wooster, Ohio, and finally purchased 640 acres of land which had been used by a slave-holder in Missouri, near St. Louis. Lie went there to prepare the place for cultivation, and while thus engaged was stricken with illness and died, his remains being brought to Wooster, Ohio, for burial. The land in Missouri was afterwards sold. Of the union of William J. Craighead and wife were born three children: Alice, the wife of F. S. Kuhn, of Fast End, Pittsburg, Pa.; Lee Durbin. of Wilkinsburg, also a suburb of Pittsburg; and Edward W. The latter received his education in the public schools of Wooster, Ohio. After the completion of his schooling he learned the tinner's trade with an uncle, working at that business about three years. He then learned the plumbing and heating' trade in Wooster, after which he worked at that occupation in Cleveland and Chicago until twenty-one years of age. In 1884 he engaged in the plumbing business at Wooster, in partnership with another uncle, the firm being known as McClure & Craighead, and this association continued about six years. Mr. Craighead then disposed of his interest in the business to his partner and moved to Piqua, Ohio, where he worked for a Mr. Lenox one year, having charge of the hitter's plumbing work in that place. In 1802 he came to Richmond and accepted the position of foreman for F. W. Curtis, having charge of the plumbing and heating for that gentleman six years. In 1899 Mr. Craighead and James S. Zoller purchased the business of Mr. Curtis and organized the firm of Zoller & Craighead. For seven years the place of business was located at 1127 Main street, and then it was moved to 910 Main street, where it is now located. In February, 1907, Mr. Craighead purchased the interest of Mr. Zoller in the business and organized a stock company, with a capital stock of $15,000, under the name of Craighead Plumbing & Flectric- Company, wholesale and retail dealers in plumbing, heating and electrical goods, manufacturers of chandeliers, and contractors for plumbing, hot water and steam heating and all kinds of electrical construction. This company put the heating plants in the Wayne county court house, the Hittie Block, and the Rend Memorial Hospital, and also did the plumbing, heating and wiring in the last named building. It also did the plumbing and heating in the Wernle Orphans' Home, and the heating and wiring in the new Second National Dank building, recently constructed. Among other work recently completed is the remodeling of the plumbing, heating and wiring of the Westcott Hotel, and the wiring of the new high school building and putting in the electrical fixtures, call bells, and automatic clock system. Other works that may be mentioned are the heating plants of the Jones Hardware Company; Pogue, Miller & Co.; the George H. Knollenberg Company, and the Wayne Flats; also the plumbing, heating and wiring in the new residences of Mrs. Helen M. Gaar and Howard Campbell; the plumbing in the new Richmond I'nderwear Company building on North Tenth street; the wiring and plumbing in the residence of James M. Carr; the plumbing and heating in the residence of Henry Gennett ; the plumbing in the office of Gaar, Scott & Co.; plumbing, heating and wiring in the New Murray Theatre; the plumbing in the new residence of Dr. Dougan ; the plumbing and heating in the F.Iks' Club House; the wiring of the Y. M. C. A. building; and the plumbing, heating and wiring of the two new Hat buildings erected by Jonas Gaar at North Fifteenth and A streets. The company has also done a great deal of work outside of Richmond, changing and remodeling the heating plant in the Greensburg High School building; putting in new heating plants in the Union county court house and jail; wiring and heating the Elks' building at Greensburg, Ind. ; installing the plumbing equipment in the new high school building at Wichita, Kan.; and many other contracts that might be mentioned. Mr. Craighead has succeeded in developing a large business by his careful attention and honest dealings with his patrons, the quality of his work being his best advertisement. He served as a director of the Commercial Club in Richmond five years, was a director of the Merchants' Association a number of years, and served as president of the Electrical Contractors' Association of the State of Indiana during the year 1908. lie is a member of the Commercial Club, the Young Men's Business Club, the National Plumbers' Association, and the Electrical Contractors' Association. Fraternally he has membership in Webb Masonic Podge; Tola Podge, Knights of Pythias, and the Elks. On June 10, 1884, he was united in mar- riage with Miss Margaret Jeffries, at Piqua, Ohio. She is a daughter of Mr. ami Mrs. George W. Jeffries, of Piqua, where she was horn ami educated. Mr. and Mrs. Craighead have been blessed by the birth of three sons: George Walter has charge of the manufacturing of chandeliers and is assistant manager of his father's business; Norman Jeffries has charge of the electrical work in the employ of the company; and bonis Ohliger is stockman, having charge of all incoming and outgoing materials.

James C. Taylor, a prominent farmer and citizen of Dalton township, is a native of Wayne count)', born in Daltou township, Feb. 18, 18O7. His parents - Henry and Emma (Pierce) Taylor, were born in Indiana, the father in Henry county. Henry Taylor is a son of James Taylor, born in Guilford county, North Carolina, and brought to Indiana when about fourteen years old by his parents. Emma (Pierce) Taylor died in i860, and of her marriage with Henry Taylor was horn a son, James C. James G. Taylor was thus orphaned by the death of his mother when eighteen months old and was reared by his grandfather, James Taylor, a prominent farmer of Henry county. He received his ea'iy education in the schools of that county and remained with his grandfather until his majority. lie then began farming for himself and followed that occupation eight years, at the end of which time he engaged in the general mercantile business at Dalton, following that line of endeavor twelve years, and in 1908 came to the farm where he resides, located in the southwest quarter of section 28, about one and one-half miles from the village of Dalton. In politics Mr. Taylor is a Republican and he held the office of postmaster at Dalton two years and until the office was discontinued on account of the rnral free delivery. In 1909 he was elected township trustee. He was married in Dalton township, Jan. 23, 1889, to Miss Mary L. Beeson, daughter of Benjamin and Olinda (Lamb) Beeson, natives of Dalton township, where the father became one of the largest land-owners in Wayne county, having owned as many as 1,100 acres at one time. Mrs. Taylor was born in Dalton township, Jan. 23, 1867, and received her early education in the district schools. To Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have been born six children: Benjamin W. married Sylvia Dennis and is a farmer in Dalton township; Ruth graduated at the Mooreland High School with the class of 1911 and resides at the parental home; and the others are Howard, Harriet, Richard, and Olinda. Mrs. Taylor is the second in order of birth of the children of her parents, the others being Isaac F., of Randolph county, who married Catherine Huffman and they have four children - Grace, Benjamin P., Marguerite, and Donald - and Edward O. and Frederick L., twins, residing in Randolph count)'; the former married Lena Waltz and they have two children - George and Mary L. ; and the latter married Laura Davis and the)' have seven children - Herbert, Bernard, Charles, Harold, Lowell, Robert, and James. Mr. Taylor is a member of the Independent Order of Odd bellows, Dalton Lodge, No. 529, and his religious faith is expressed in the Friends' church. He is an earnest believer in education and has devoted a great deal of time in this line to the best interest of the children of Dalton. He also takes a great deal of interest in stock-raising and agriculture.

Joseph Clevenger, who is one of the successful farmers and stock-raisers of Washington township, where he owns a well improved homestead of about 300 acres, but is living retired in Milton, was born in Abington township, Wayne county, Indiana, Jan. 14, 1847, a son (lt* Samuel and R-titli (Spahr-) Clevenger, the former born in Darke county, Ohio, March 10, 1810, and the latter in Virginia, |an. 5, i8i_\ The paternal grandfather was Daniel Clevenger, who came from Ohio to Wayne county in 1810 and located in Abington township and purchased land, which he cleared and upon which he resided until his death. He became the father of seven children, all of whom are deceased - Samuel, Polly, Cynthia, Susan, Lucinda, Sarah, and Maria. Samuel Clevenger was a boy at the time of his parents' immigration to Wayne count v, and as before stated the family look up its abode in Abington township, where he was reared to maturity and received a common-school education. Tie remained with his father until married, when he inherited a farm of [60 acres, which he cleared and farmed until his death, April 28, l88l. lie was a Democrat in his political proclivities and both he and his wife were communicants of the Methodist Episcopal church. The) were married about 1833 and became the parents of ten children: Rebecca, Susan, and Daniel are deceased; Sabra is the wife of Emanuel Leib, of Liberty, Ind.; Mary is the widow of David- Reigel and resides at Brownsville, Ind.; Samuel resides in Abington township; Joseph is the next in order of birth; Nancy is the wife of William Quinn, of Cartersburg, Inch; Thomas resides at Centerville, Ind.; and Francis is a resident of Abington township. Joseph Clevenger was reared in Wayne count)' and his earl)- educational privileges were those afforded by the district schools of Abington township, lie continued to assist his father in his farming operations until the age of twenty-one years, after which lie rented a farm three years, lie then purchased eighty acres in Washington township, afterward adding to it until he had about 300 acres, and he was most successful in his operations as a general agriculturist and as a breeder of horses, cattle, etc. In 1004 he retired from the active management of his farm and, in 1906, removed to Milton, where he has since resided, and he is a stockholder in the Hank of Milton. His political allegiance is given to the Democratic party and he and his wife hold membership in Doddridge Chapel of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which faith he was reared. On Dec. 28, 1870, Mr. Clevenger was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Jones, daughter of Levi M. and Matilda T. (Brown) Jones, of Centerville, Ind., where she was reared and educated. Mr. Jones was born in Centerville, Ind., April 4, 1823, and his wife in Delaware count)-, Indiana, Sept. 25, 1829. The father was a brick-molder at Centerville several years and then followed farming in Washington township until his death, May 13, 1876. He and his good wife were married fune 15, 1851, and became the parents of five children: Celia Ann, deceased; Mrs. Clevenger, who was born Jan. 10, 1853; Ella is the widow of Alford Small and resides at Klwood, Ind. ; Edward P. is a resident of Vancouver, Wash., and Morris Levi is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Clevenger have a son, Daniel Oran, who resides in Washington township.

Silas W. Clark, a successful farmer and prominent citizen of Washington township, was born in Madison comity, Indiana, Sept. 6, 1845. His father, Thomas G. Clark, was born in Virginia and in that State received his education. He was married to Miss Cynthia Ann Lower and of this union four children were born, three of whom survive, the eldest, Alfred, being deceased. Silas \Y. is the second in order of birth, Joseph resides in Kansas City, and Frank is a resident of North Baltimore, Ohio. The father came west and located in Washington township, where he taught school a number of years. Later he engaged in agricultural pur suits in Madison counts', Indiana, but afterward returned to Washington township and there his death occurred July 9, 1869, his wife surviving until August, 1908, when she passed away at North Baltimore, Ohio. The father was a Democrat in politics and while living in Madison county served as a member of the State legislature and also as county surveyor one term. Silas W. Clark re ceived all his educational training in the public schools of Madison count)' and at an early age began working on his father's farm. In 18C9 he purchased the old homestead in Washington township, the same consisting of 162 acres, and has since added forty-four acres, where he lives, and has erected the buildings thereon. Me devotes his attention to stock-raising and general farming. In the matter of politics Mr. Clark is aligned with the Democratic party, but has never been an aspirant for public office of any nature. On April 21, 1869, he was married to Miss Laura M. Hurst, daughter of William Durst. The first wife died May 13, 1905, and in August, 1908, Mr. Clark was married to Mrs. Lilly (Francis) Alexander, of Cambridge City.

Monroe M. Bertsch was born in Washington township, Wayne count)', Indiana, Oct. 30, 1883. His father, David Bertsch, is one of the prominent citizens of Wayne county and is very influential in shaping affairs, his ripe judgment and keen intellectual powers making him a leader among men. He was born March 23, 1852, in Butler count)', Ohio, and was quite young when brought by his father, Reuben Bertsch, to Washington township, in the schools of which he managed to secure a good education, which has been useful to him in his busy and honorable career, lie worked on his father's farm until twenty-five years of age and then rented a farm in Washington township, occupying the same five years. He then purchased a farm of his own and conducted it sixteen years, until 1894, when he removed to East Germantown and purchased twenty-four acres of land, where he continues his allegiance to agricultural pursuits. On Jan. 16, 1878, he was married to Miss Mary E. Worl, who became the mistress of his home and whose devotion to his interests throughout their wedded life has been incessant. Mr. Bertsch has always been a Democrat. To him and his good wife were born three children, one of whom, Geneva, is deceased; Monroe M. is the first in order of birth, and Ida, the youngest, resides at home with her parents. Monroe M. Bertsch grew to manhood in his native county and at the district schools of Washington township, and later in East Germantown and in the Cambridge City High School, received a substantial education. He then began working in the National Drill Works at Cambridge City, where he was employed about fourteen months, and then rented the old homestead in Washington township, which he occupied until the fall of 191 1, engaged in general farming. On Oct. 14, 1906, Mr. Bertsch was married to Miss Pearl Arrna Rothermel, daughter of George P. and Anna (Hess) Rothermel, of Milton, and of this union was born a daughter. Irma, Jan. 29, 1909. Politically Mr. Bertsch is a Democrat, and socially he is a member of the Re 1 Men and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Germantown.

Frederick L. Davis, a successful farmer and stock-raiser of Center township, was born in Delaware county, Indiana, Dec. 4, 1867. He is a sun of Harmon and Martha (Harris) Davis, natives of Wayne county, where the father was born in July, 1842, in Clay township, and the mother in June, 1845, m New Garden township. In early life the father removed to Delaware county, where he purchased a farm and remained until 1875, when he returned to Wayne county. He then located north of Green's Fork, where he farmed for a time and then moved to Kalkaskia count}', Michigan, where he followed agricultural pursuits three years. Again returning to Wayne count)-, he lived for a time at Green's Fork and then farmed four years in Preble count)-, Ohio. He then came back to Wayne county and rented a farm two years, after which he went to Delaware county and purchased a one-third interest in the McGowan hoop factory. Four years later he sold this interest and returned to Green's Fork, where he is now the rural mail carrier on Route No. 21. His wife died Sept. 22, 1890. In politics the senior Davis is a Republican, but has never aspired to hold public office. Frederick L. Davis had seven brothers and sisters, their names being here set forth: Emma and James are deceased; William B. resides in Flmhurst, Cab; and Myrtle, Clara P., Morton, and Stella are deceased. Frederick L. Davis was educated in the schools at Green's Fork, Wayne county. lie began his independent career by working for an uncle, Isaac Davis, west of Green's Fork in Clay township, with whom he remained one year, and then conducted a rented farm north of Greer's Fork a year, after which he joined his father in the hoop factory in Delaware county, in which he was engaged about a year. Then, after a six months' sojourn in Muncie, Ind., he came to Milton, where he farmed about one year, and then followed the same pursuit in Jackson township five years, after which he returned to Washington tounship and conducted Joshua Lamntt's farm three years. He then rented the Morgan McCoy farm four years, after which he purchased eighty-two acres of William ! lartman. upon which he erected a dwelling house and there is engaged in general farming. Mr. Davis devotes all his energies to his farm work, in which line he has attained success. Socially he is a member of the Red Men at Cambridge City and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Centerville. In politics he is a Republican in all national affairs, hut locally is independent. Never an aspirant for any office, he has served his county as an elector only, feeling that if his ballot has been properly cast according to his best judgment and conscience his duty is well done. In August, }8<)0, Mr. Davis was united in the bonds of wedlock with Josephine Hunt, who was horn in Jackson township, ller father, Edward Hunt, was horn in Tennessee and was a farmer in Jackson township, lie served as a soldier in the Civil war two and one-half years, and then returned to Wayne county and followed farming until his death. The mother, Margaret (Bright) Hum, is also deceased, and to them were born seven children: Martha and Ella, deceased; William, of East Germantown ; Caldona, the wife of Malon Gathers, of Jackson township; Matilda, the wife of Monroe Smith, of Washington township; Josephine, the wife of Mr Davis; and Edward, of Milton, Ind. Mr. and Mrs. Havis have three children - Mabel, Ernest, and Yergie.

William S. Miller merits recognition in this compilation by reason of his standing as one of the successful representatives of the agricultural industry in this count}', as well as for the reason that he is a citizen of sterling worth and one wdio enjoys uni form popularity in the community which has been his home during the major portion of his life. Mr. Miller is a native of Wayne county, born one-half mile west of Boston, in Boston township, April 12, i868_ a son of John W. and Cynthia Ann (Sheffer) Miller, born in Boston township. The paternal grandfather was William Miller and both families were early founded in Wayne county, which was the generous and beneficent cradle of much of the State history. John W. Miller was a farmer by occupation and had a well improved farm in Boston township, where he maintained his home until his death, Feb. 2, 1909. llib cherished and devoted wife survives and is living in Boston township. They became the parents of five children: Etta, deceased; Charles C, of Boston township; William S. ; Anna, wife of Charles Y. Miller, of Richmond ; and Yergie, wife of Isaac Moore, of Boston township. John W. Miller was a man of sterling character and upon the record of bib long career as one of the world's noble army of workers there rests no blemish. His life was one of consecutive industry and he gained success through his own well-directed efforts. He was well known throughout Wayne county and long held prestige in this section. He was a Democrat in his political proclivities and was many years a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which his wife also is a devoted member. William S. Miller secured his early educational training in the district schools of Boston township and from his boyhood days contributed his quota to the work of the home farm, increasing his services as his ability and physical powers justified. Upon leav- ing the parental home, at the age of twenty-three years, he rented a farm in Center township, east of Centerville, where he remained about four years. He then farmed the home place four years, after which he removed to Brownsville township, Union county, where he purchased a farm and resided four years, lie then sold that place and, in March, 1905, purchased the place where he resides and which is maintained under a high state of cultivation and equipped with excellent improvements, including a substantial residence and good hams, all of which were built or remodeled by him. In politics he is a Democral and supports the measures and candidates approved by that organization, lie is one of the popular citizens of his township, where his circle of friends is limited only by that of his acquaintances. Mr. Miller has been twice married. On Feb. 14, [891, he wedded Miss Edna Druley, horn and reared in this county, a daughter of John L. Drnley. Mrs. Miller was summoned to the life eternal March 17. 1894. ( )n Sept. 6, 1900, Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Bertha Parks, daughter of Isaac and Sarah (Druley) Parks, of Boston township, and of this union have been born two children - Elmer P., born in Union county. Sept. 12, 1901, and John \V., born in Boston township, Nov. 10, [906 - both of whom reside at the parental home, which is a center of gracious hospitality and a favored resort- of the large circle of friends whom Mr. and Mrs. Miller have gathered to them.

Allen Family. - Among the substantial citizens of Wayne county are to be numbered the members of the Allen family, of 1 lagerstown, the first American ancestor of whom came from Ireland. The son of this early immigrant was Hugh Allen, Sr., who is buried in the Baptist cemetery at Salem in an unmarked grave. The next in line of descent, Hugh Allen, Jr., and his wife, Polly, were pioneer residents of Wayne county, coming here about the year 1822. Their offspring were Elizabeth, Jacob, John, Sarah, Mason, Jeremiah, Mary Ann, Caroline, Malimla, and Thomas L., all of whom are deceased with the exception of Thomas L., who resided in Indianapolis. Hugh Allen, Jr., lived for a time in Kentucky, from whence lie moved to Montgomery county, Ohio, and came from there to Indiana, settling near 1 lagcrslow 11 on what is known as the "Old Allen Homestead." Jacob Allen, eldest son of Hugh, Jr., and Polly Allen, came to Wayne county with his parents and was educated in Jefferson township. He was a farmer by occupation, and to him and his wife, Martha, were born four children - Dr. John II., Lewis C, Caroline, and Thomas 1! - all of whom are deceased but Thomas B. (of whom see sketch for further data concerning the Allen family)". Lewis C. Allen, second son of Jacob and Martha Allen, was born Sept. 19, 1847. He lived a life full of kindness to his neighbors and friends. He practiced charity toward all who were needy, on the theory that he had better bestow upon ninety-nine that were unworthy than to refuse chanty to oik that was really in need. He was a devout member of the Primitive Baptist church, and at his home church and neighboring churches was a regular attendant. Qn Feb, 19, 1874, he was married to Sarah E. Ice, born June 13, 1847, a daughter and youngest child of Jesse and Sarah (Hickman) Ice, and the place of her nativity was the Ice homestead in Henry county, Indiana. Soon after their marriage Lewis C. Allen and wife moved to the farm on which they lived during their married life, located one and one-half miles southeast of Hagerstown, Ind. Their married life was a happy one and of their union were born six children, one of whom died in infancy, the survivors being Jacob V., married to Alary Shaffer; Patricia, married to Karl Ghoring; Joshua 11., a practicing" attorney in Hagerstown; and Robert ami Caroline, the last three named of whom reside on the home farm with the widow, the husband and father having died April 30, 1910. Jesse Ice, father of Mrs. Allen, was a colonel in the Virginia militia, and during the campaign when Anthony Wayne defeated the Indians at Fort Wayne he came through Ohio and Indiana with a regiment, passing north in Indiana as far as Delaware county, where news came to him that Wayne was victorious, and he returned to Virginia. It was on this trip that he became impressed with the possibilities of the Western country and its future. He was not satisfied in the East from that time, but his wife would not consent to move. One day, several years after his return to Virginia, he was plowing on a sloping hillside, when the lower horse fell, pulling the other down with him, and they rolled down the hill, one over the other, until the) lodged in a tree, where Colonel Ice found them. He unhitched them and returned to the house, where he served notice on his wife to get ready- that he was coming to Indiana. Jesse Ice was a son of Andrew Ice. who was a soldier in the Revolution, participating in General Mcintosh's campaigns in the years J 777-78-79. Andrew Ice lived to lie ninety-eight years old and was buried on the farm of Frederick Ice, near Ilillsboro, in Henry county, Indiana, but his remains were later removed to the cemetery at Mount Summit Sarah ( Hickman) Ice, wife of Jesse Ice, was a descendant of Ezekiel Hickman, of Virginia, a soldier who died of small-pox during the Revolution and the ancestor of the Hickmans in Henry and Delaware counties, Indiana. Attorney Joshua II. Allen, born Jan. 31, 1882, a son of Lewis C. and Sarah I'".. ( Ice) Allen, was educated in the Hagerstown High School and the University of Indiana, in which last named institution he took a course in law and graduated with the class of 1905. On Jan. 1, 1906. he began the practice of his profession at Hagerstown, in which he has since been success fully engaged. He is prominently identified with the Knights ot Pythias-, being a member of lodge No. 198, at Hagerstown. and he gives unswerving support to the nun and measures of the Democratic party.

William Irvin White, a highly respected Farmer citizen of Wayne township, was bom on a farm adjoining the one where he resides, Nov. 13, 1838, son of Joseph and Alice (Llawson) White. The father was horn in Nelson county, Kentucky, April 3, 1800, and the mother in North Carolina, May 29, 1700- The paternal grandfather was James White, who died in I hitler county, Ohio, where the family had removed in the fall of 1800, and Joseph White came to Wayne county with his mother in 1810, when the