Allen Township (part 1 of 2)

By Charles Palmer

BY CHARLES PALMER. *-1'm told in riding somewhere west, A stranger found a Hoesicr's nest - An other words. a Buckeye cabin, Just big enoueh to helu Queen Mabin. Its situation low, but airy. Was on the border of a prairic."- - John Vinly.

| Sheahan to write the history of Alleu Tuwaship from the coming of the pioneer to the present time, which is in the memory of men still living. I shall recount the incidents of the early settlers in their struggle te gain a foothold, and earn a livelihood ia their homes in the primitive forest. I shall relate the various items of interest, which in my mind deserve a place in a history of the township. and which tradition in future years will fail to recall.

The events which I propose to relate form only a single link of the acts of a gréat and eventful drama, extending through ages, and must be imperfectly uaderstood unless the preceeding acts be explained. I shall thereforeintroduce my narrative by giving a sketch of the township during the earlier imes, of its boundaries, and pioneers.

Physical Description

Allen Township occupies the northwestern part of the county, and is "bounded on the north by Fulton County, on the east by Perry township, on the south by Union township. and on the west by Cass and Fulton counties. Its area is nearly 14,720 acres, or nearly twenty-three square miles, and is situated as follows: Beginning at the half mile on the west side of Section

Miami and Cass and Fulton to the line dividing Townships 29 and 30 to the northwest corner of S:ction 2, Township 29, Range 3; thence east with the line dividing the townships of Union and Perry to the northeastern corner of Section 4. Township 29, Range 4; thence south with the line dividing the said townships of Union and Perry to a center point on the east line of section 28, Township 29. Range 4; thence west with the line dividing the sections 29 and 30, 'Township 29 Ratge 4, and sections 25 and 26, Township 29, Range 3 to the place of beginning.

The surface of Allen Township is level, except here and there slight undulations in the south and southwestern part. When the first settlements were made, much of the land was swampy and unfit for cultivation, but during the last few years a complete system of artificial drainage has been established, and much of the supposed ''bad lands" have been brought into a successtul state of cultivation. The greatest part of the township was, however, covered with a luxurient growth of timber, but the most valuable has been removed to give place for well tilled fields, and to supply the demands of the timber trade. The most common species of timber to be found were ash, popular, hickory, black and white walnut, beech and elm. In some parts the

-wet land produced. some years azo, excellent cro93 of cranberries and whortleberries, but since the land has be2n drained, these crops have ceased to be of much profit.

The soil is fertile, and is susceptible of producing excellent crops of wheat, oats, corn, rye and potatoes. The principal occupations of the people is agriculture and stock raising.

In the early history of the township, water was quite plenty, and a shallow hole dug anywhere in the ground would supply the settlers with water for house use. But since the land has been drained water has become quite scarce, and most of the people have sunk deep wells and erected wind pumps

While the township does not claim to be the best, itis as good, in the main as others, and has made wonderful progress since its organization. Its people are wide awake to the interests of its citizens and is always found ready to assist and support anything that is a benefit to the people at large.

Early Settlers

Nearly three quarters of a century have passed since the first pioneers wandered through the trackless forest in quest of squirrel, turkey and deer. During .

«The long and dreary Winter, The cold and cruel Winter, Ever thicker, thicker, thicker Froze the ice on lake and river; Ever deeper, deeper, deeper Fell the snow o'er all the landscape, Fell the covering snow, and drifted Through the forest, 'round the village." - H. W. LoneFreLttow.

In the year 1834 three bold, fearless men, John Horton, T. N. Wheatly and T. J. Holeomb came to what is now Allen Township, determined to try their fortunes in the new country. 'They therefore took up their claims and began at once to build their cabins, which were constructed of logs cut and bewn from the trees of the forest. Mr. Horton's land was situated in the northwestern part of the township, while the other two gentlemen took up their claims just across the line in Fulton County. 'These men went to work and in a short time had a small patch of ground cleared on which to plant their crops

To a person, who at this stage of the country's developmen", unused to the unbroken forest, the shriek of the wild animal, whoop of the Indian and the unattractiveness of the country, would be unbearable, and they would have given up in despair. But these men had come to make the country their homes and nothing could undaunt them.

Mr Horton moved his family to the township in 1835, and until 1836, ke was the only white settler. George Neece came in 1836 and settled just north of what is now Macy. The country did not suit Mr. Neece very well, so after a residence of about a year he moved with his family to some lands farther west. His brother, William Neece, came a short time afterward and settled about a mile north of Macy. William soon sold his claim to Isaac Williams. Jonathan Williams came in 1836 and settled about two miles northeast of Macy. 'These men were all brave, upright, honest citizens and well suited to the life of a pioneer.

The year 1837 is memorable by the arrival of the Wilkinson family from Jefferson township, where they had resided for a few years. This family consisted of John Wilkinson and his sons, George, Anderson, James and Baldwin. John Wilkinson was a native of Ohio, from which place he came in 1835. They were industrious citizens and soon had fields of growing graia and surrounded with the best comforts that circumstances would allow.

George took up a track of land where Macy now stands in 1837, and Anderson located just north of town. James located east of town. In a short time John Reiker came and settled east of town on the farm afterwards sold to Sullivan Waite.

Another family of sturdy. pioneers came in 1839, by the name of Carvey. They were Mathias and his son, Peter M. Carvy, who settled ona track of land on which Peter M. Carvy still lives. The same year. William Hatch, a brotherin-law of Peter Carvey arrived, and took up his residence a short distance east of Macy. During the same year, Thomas Clemens purchased the Waite farm and moved his family the same year. Mr. Clemans still lives on this farm, were he enjoys peace and plenty and the confidence of all who know him.

George Hakins came in the year 1840. The same year David Kinder, William Squires, Elias Bills, John McCree, Nathaniel and George Bryant, William and Avery Carvey, Samuel Carr, Frederick Foor, William Fenimore, Henry Studebaker, William Boggs, Joseph and Richard Endsley, Daniel Hoover, Stephen Bailey, Clark Bailey, Jeremiah Bailey, Stewart Bailey, and Andrew Highland took up claims in different parts of the township.

The first land purchased from the government was in township 29, north of range 4 east, by Charles Cathcart, in 1835, He obtained a patent for the north half of the southwest quarter of Section 4, Township 29, Range 4, east. Other entries were soon made and by the year 1842 there was no unsold govern ment land in the township, and nearly all was occupied by actual settlers.

Political Organization

POLITICAL ORGANIZATION. Allen Township received its name from and in honor of Senator Allen, of Ohio, and until 1859 was a part of Union township, when it was separated and given the boundaries it now has. Soon after it was servered from the above township, ap election was ordered for the purpose of selection of officers for the township government in pursuauce of the call. an election was held at what is now Macy. at the residence of Anderson Wilkinson. Mr. Wilkinson was inspector. The eleetion was held in the primitive style. The voters were not compelled to pass through a chute, enter a booth and be hid by a screen. They were not required to guard the polls and have a selected few to witness the count. But each elector was allowed to be in the house, and when the votes were all cast, the vallot box was opened and its contents turned onto the floor, when each one present witnessed the count. When the votes were counted it was found that Frederick Hoffman had been elected justice of the peace and James Wilkinson, trustee. The following trzstees have served since: William Fenimore, Anderson Wilkinson who was appointed to fiil the vacancy, caused by the resignation of Mr. Fenimore. wh® resigned to enter the army. Baldwin Wilkinson, Henry Hemming, M. McGinley, Frank Hart, William Belt, John Zartman, David McKillip, John H. Runkie, and William Belt, who was appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Mr. Runkle. Frank Ward was elected to fill the vacancy caused by the acts of the legislature in 1894. Mr. Ward faild to qualify and Mr Belt served till August 1895, when Mr. Musselman the present incumbe2nt took charge of aftiairs. SCHOOLS.

The people early became interested in the subject of education and the consequence was that suon after making their settlements, a school house was built on the Ogle farm, and had previously been used asa dwelling. The first teacher was Sarah Bryant. Betsey Bailey taught the next term. The scl.oo} was patronized by the Harveys, Baileys, Carveys, Carrs and all the early families ofthe community. The first school house was built on the land owned by (seo. Neece in 1840. A house was built on the land of Mr. Waite, in 1852, and another at about the same time at Five Corners. Soon after another house was built on the Beck farm. S.S. Tracy taught the first term at thishouse. George Wilkinson taught the first term of school at Five Corners. Jvuseph A. Howard taught in different parts of the township and was one of the most successful teachers. There are now seven distinct school districts, each well supplied with furniture and apparatus. Following is the corps of teachers for the years _ 1894-96: Mary Zartman, F. I. Belt, J. D. Belt. Carrie LeVaugh, Nettie Runkle, Chas. Palmer and S. H. Musselman. The town of Macy has a distinct corporation for school purposes. (See Macy).

Religious History

Allen Township has always taken a great interest in religious matters. Among the first settlers were men of marked piety and 'members of churches in the country from which they came. In those early times there were no churches, and religious services'were held in the one roomed cabins of the pious pioneers.

Among the early mivisters of the township was the Rev. Geo. Pope, a Baptist, who held meetings at the residence of George Neece in 1838. 'Then in 1839 a Rev. Kendell visited the «'settlement" and held meetings at the houses of his Baptist brethern. About the same time the Rev. William Williams came to the tuwnship and held religious services at the residence of Anderson Wilkinson. Mr. Williams was of the Methodist pursuasion., aud succeed in gathering together a goodly number of this faith. (See M. E. church of Macy).

About four miles northeast of Macy is a socicty of the Methodist denomination known as the '-Pleasant Hill Methodist Society," and like the meetings at Macy, where held in private residences until 1870. During this year their present commodious building was completed, which is a credit to its members, as well as the people at large. 'This organization is in good condition, and is under the able management of the pastor, J. W. Tillman. Its members are among the richest as well as the best people of the community. It is a potent facior for good in the reighborhood, and its influence is being felt from day to day..

A society was organized at Birmingham, about one and one-half mile south of Macy, tut many of its members transfered their membership to other classes, and the society has been abandoned for more than three years.

Priority Of Events

The first persons united in the Holy bonds of matrimony were Elijah Ogle and Catharine Wilkinson, daughter of John Wilkinson. in 1838. The first death occurred on December 24, 1838. 'This was John Wilkinson. Delilah Hatch was the first White child born within the limits of the township. She was the daughter of William and Margaret Hatch. She was born in Decem_ ber 1838. Joseph Waite, son of Sulivan and Margaret Waite was born March 6. 1839. On November 15, 1840. A. C. Waite was born to the same parents. The first brick were made by Stewart Bailey, and George Hakins has the honor of building the first brick house in 1856. In 1856, Sullivan Waite was kicked to death by a vicious horse, an occurrence that caused a deep gloom over the entire community.

They Traded Wives

lands without enlisting much attention, but when it comes to trading wives people will very naturally be astonished, and yet ene a trade actually occurred at an early day within the borders of Allen Township.

There were two farmers by the name of Adams and Hernsberger living not « great way apart. An intimacy sprang up be.ween Adams and the wife of Hernsberger. -'At this," says the old settler, 'there Bebe be no surprise, for in the eyes of the Nineteenth Century, it hag grown ate common for men to admire the wives of others more than they do theirown. The friendship between the couple increased until an elopement wee planned and a day fixed for putting the same into execution. At the appointed time they stole away and quietly started on their journey. Mr Hernsberger, it seems, was on the alert and the guilty pair had not proceeded far before they were overtaken by him. He did not approach rashly, the despoiler of his home with drawn revolver and shoot him dead on the spot, but calmly, with the utmost composure, and a business like manner proposed that since Adams thought more of Hernverger's wife than he did his own, if he would give him his wife and his shot gun to boot, he might proceed on his way unmolested. Adams without the east hesitation accepted the propisition, and all the parties concurring therein, the trade was at once closed, and rumor says that they all lived in the enjoyment of domestic tranquility every afterwards."

First Enterprise

Woodring and Kunkle built the first saw mill in the township. It was run by steam power, and a corn burr was attached, and for three years this was patronized far and near, not only by the citizens of the township, but by those of adjoining counties. This was one of the early paying institutions of the settlement. It blew up in 1859, killing Mr. Hart, his son William and Mr. Whipple. The first manufacturing establishment was an ashery operated by William Squires, in 1840. This institution was run for some time with good success and made much of the soda used by the early settlers.

Burrying Ground

Mathias Carvy laid out the first burryivg ground in the township, and a short time atterwards a plat of ground was laid out at Five Corners for the same purpose. Among the earliest burials in the first named, were Mr. and Mrs. Bailey, Mathias Carvey, and a child of William Hakins, and in the latter were laid to rest, many years ago, the bodies of Nathan Bryant, Mathias Harmon, and many others who have long since been forgotten. The needs of amore extended burial ground became quite apparent and in consequence the I. O. O. F's bougbt a tract of land just west of Macy, containing three acres, and plat ted the same in 1890. This cemetery is enclosed with a beautiful iron fence, and is kept in first class shape by the above order. Mrs. Sarah M. Champ, wife of John Champ, was the first person buried in this place. The cemetery contains two hundred and nine lots, most of which are already sold. Although

Five Corners

A small village in the western part of the township, named Five Corners on account of its location at the intersection of several roads, was at one time quite noted as a trading point. The place was never platted, and was only a thickly settled locality, to which it is hardly proper to-call it a village. Some time before 1857, a stock of goods was brought to the place by Moses & Williams, who conducted the business quite successfully for some five or six years. At the end of that time the store was purchased by Nathan Shackelford, who run the business for three yerrs, at the epvd of which time he sold out to William Harp, who had run a sture at Wolley town, a small 'village, 'in Richland township. Mr. Harp continued in business for about a year and a half and then closed out his stock. Louden Carl next came, and was in business with fair success for over a year. Nathaniel Bryant was the first postmaster. The last postmaster was L. Carl who had charge of the office when it was moved to Macy. At one time the place gave prom:se of a bright future on account of its remote location from any other trading point, but lhe completion of the I. P. & C. rail road through the country a couple of miles distance and the growth of the town of Macy served as an effectual check to its anticipations and all that now distinguishes the village from the surrounding neighborhood is a church and a few dwelling houses in close proximity. MACY.

In the month of June when the frogs were croaking merrily in the ponds during the day and the whipporwills were making the night merry and the mosquitoes were buzzing through the chinks of the log cabins, George Wilkinson lay on his couch dreaming of the prospects of atown. During this month in the year 1860 the I. P. &. C. railroad was completed, and the prospects of &@ prosperous town became more apparant, and in ccnsequences Mr. Wilkinson laid out twenty lots, under the name of Lincoln. These svon found purchasers, and buildings were soon erected. William Cordell was one of the first to

'erect & building for a blacksmith shop. Then John Inscho, who wasa carpenter, came to the town and built a house on lot 15. The house, although completely remodeled, is now occupied by John Norris. The village had now a blacksmith and a carpenter, and they were kept very busy in their avocations. Shortly after this Nelson Wilkinson purchased lot No. 20, and erected a dwelling. In the same year, George Wilkinson built a store room just across the street from Mr. Cordell's shop and established the first store in which he placed a large stock of general merchandise. Wilkinson carried on the business quite successfully for some years, but retired from the business and began work on his farm south of town. J. W. Hurst and A. L. Norris having purpchased the Wilkinson stock of goods carried on the business at the old stand In a few years this building became inadequate for the amount of business done, so in 1869, they built a commodious building which at this time is occupied by A. C. Waite & Co.

Nine years after the laying out of the first lot an addition to the town became necessary owing to the rapid settling of the country around and the demand for building space. To supply this demand Wilkinson and Powell platted eighty lots, which were in due time offered for sale These lots found ready buyers, and in a short time a number of substantial residences were erected. In 1869 L. Carl built a store room on lot 29 in this addition, and put in a small stock of groceries, which were moved from Five Corners. The not last long, Mr. Norris retiring in about a year. Mr. Hurst continued the store for some time, and in connection with it engaged in the grain business which he still carries on.

A gentleman by the name of Earnsberger established a store in 1871, which he conducted for a short time. Lon Hudson brought the first stock of drugs to the village. and conducted the business for some time when he closed out to Daniel Swihart. David Goldsmith established the first clothing store, which was a branch of a Mr. Beac's mammoth establishment, of Rochester, Indiana. 'There were many others who have from time to time been engaged in business in the place, among these were Stephea Beuastt. Ira and James Hurst, Hurst & Hotfman, Milton Enyart. W. H. Hateh. Edward Castle, aod Frank Edwards.

The close proximity of the village to swamp and marshes had a bad eftect on the health of the population. and the --Medicine man" was in great demand. 'Lhe first man to be awake to our needs was Dr. James Mckee, who came in 1860. In a short time Dr. M. M. Bogys came, and has enjoyed an active practice in his proffession. The Dr. is still one of the leading Physicians of the county. Among the resident physicians at this time are M. M. Boggs, Jno. Barns, J. S. Wilson, E. D. Swift and Ed. Huffman. H.C. Ewing built the first hotel in Macy. It is centrally located. and is now run by William Vickers, J. C. Fenimore purchased the old school house of Dr. Darrow and converted it .

The Macy Monitor was the first and only newspaper enterprise of Macy. It was established ia 1885, by M. Lew Enyart. The first numner was issued on the 16th day of May of the above mentioned year. M. Lew Enyart had con-- trol of the plint about three years. when he leased a half interest to A. J. Wertz. This only lasted for a short time, Mr. Wertz retiring. In the summer of 1892, Mr. Enyart sold the plant to a Benjamin G. Whitehead. who controled the business until he was compelled to make an assignment for the benefit of creditors. Dr. M. M. Boggs then took control of the paper and published it for about four months. The Dr. finding that journalism was not the snap that he supposed, closed out to M. L. Enyart who is still ''pushing" the pencil. The Monitor has a good circulation, having at this time, about 1.000° It is a six column quarto, independent in politics, but leaning toward Republicism. It is attractive in appearance, and ite editorial and local departments are equal to those of any local paper in the county.

The first school building was a frame structure built in the south western part of the town in 1870. In 1873 the old building was enlarged by addine an-upper story ta the original building. This served to accommodate thie pupils of the town until 1880. In this year steps were taken toward the establishment of a graded school house. A beautiful brick structure of four rooms, was built at a cost of $4.000. This is one of the most commodious school buildings of the county, and is an improvement of which the people feel proud.

Lincoln Lodge No, 523, F. and A. M. was instituted August 16, 1875, with a membership of eleven. of which the following officers were elected: Aid W. 'Hurst, W. M.; Daniel Musselman, S. W.; Valentine Thompson, J. Wis Freaerich Huffman, Treasurer; F. B. Ban Secretary: I. B. Hurst, 8. D.- ;H. H: Hoover. J. 'D.; John Zartman, Tyler. The first person ivitiated was J. S. Washington. There is at present a membership of nearly sixty. W. M. is A. M. Arnold and W. H. Day, Secretary.

Allen Lodge, No. 540., I. O. O, F., was instituted Nov 1. 1876, with the following charter members, N. R. Marshall, Easton A. Guyer, Oliver Jenkins J. R. Cunningham, C. C. Johnson and G. P. Franklin. The first officers Wigs W. R. Marshall, N. G.; Oliver Jenkins, V. G,; Azro Wilkinson, Secretary and Milton Enyart, Ebest hs Meetings were held in the Grange hall until the winter of 1877, when the present commodious hall was completed and 'together with other properties of the lodge amounts to about $3,000. The growth of the lodge has been steady and is in a good condition. There is a membership of 61. The officers for 1896 are L. A. Foor, N. G.; Charles Palmer, Sec,; Wiliiam Musselman, Treasurer.

Mystic Jewel Rebeccah Degree Lodge No. 210 was established Jan. 15, 1881. At this time there is a membership of seventy-five, and the organization is in a flourishing condition. Mrs. Rosa Tracy, N. G.; Mary Swift, Secretary, and Etta Palmer. Treaszrer, are the officers for the year 1896.

Charles Waite Post wasorganized in 1881 with a mem bership of nineteen members. The number has increased until the present roll call is answered by forty-four members,

Besides the orders mentioned above there are in successful operation the K. O. T. M., L. O. T. M., and the Star Lodge, a branch of the F. and A. M.

The Methodist Episcopal Church of Macy wasestablished before the town of Lincoln (now Macy) was thought of. As early as 1842 a class of the above denomination met at the residence of Anderson Wilkinson. As soon as the township was settled itinerants of the Methodist Church began their visits to' the locality, where Macy now stands delivering their messages of 'peace and. good will," and giving:

It sometimes happenes that these ministers had to go about the circuit and search out members of 'the flock who had gone astray. Ansel Beach was one of the early circuit riders, and from his labors sprang what is Macy: church. In a short time Rev. Beach gathered the members of the curcuit together and formed a class. Among the earliest members were George Wilkinson, Thomas Clemens and wife, D. Wilkinson and wife, English Ogle and wife. Baldwin Wilkinson and wife, James Wilkinson and wife, and: Anna Rains. Meetings were held in private houses for some time, until the ad A betas had grown so much that it became impossible to get a cabin large eboug 5 £9 accommodate the members. Consequently, in 1844, a log church was built on the cross roads where Macy now stands, 20x24 feet. This building answered the purpose of both school and church. This building was built some three feet from the ground. and in the summer time was a shelter for sheep from the sweltering sun. It was not unfrequent for an unruly sheep to give an awful bleat while some of the brethren were earnestly engaged in prayer. For some reason or other this building was abandoned for church purposes and the congregation met in private residences ana barns. by

Jn 1860 the new school-house was built at Macy, and this was used for church purposes. As the town grew more pIGUSee were added ee the nO gregation again outgrew the place of worship. Consequently measures were taken to supply the want by the construction of a new house in which ~ meet. Lot No. 60 in Wilkinson and Powell's addition was procured, and the erection of a handsome frame building was completed and dedicated in 1871. The building was 33x45 feet in size and had a seating capacity of about 400. lts cost was about $1,400.

This building, although fine in its day, -failed to meet the tastes of its present members, and in consequence, in the year 1895, steps were taken to erect a more modern and larger structure. Consequently a commodious brick building was erected, having a seating capacity of 500 and at a cost of $6,000. 'The success of .his building was due to a great extent, to the persistent labors of the pastor at that time, Rev. D. S. Jones. It has not been dedicated to church purposes yet, but will be in the near future. It is a building that its members may well feel proud of. Among the ministers commencing at an early day were Daniel F. Strite, H.-J. Lacy, L. Roberts, Nelson Green, Allen Skillman, Paul Jones, William Vigus, Jacob Colclazer, George Gill, Arthur Ladley, J. C. Metsker, Samuel Wolpert. J. C. White, Robert Colvert, P. Garland,} - - Stephens, M. N. Schackelford, Adam Curry, R. J. Smith, - - - Bell, P. S. Cook, J. Lee, J. K. Waltz, - - Garard, A. J. Lewellen, A. J. Carey, J. D. Bett, S. Sawyer, T. H. C. Beall, J. A. Ramsey, D. S. Jones, and J. W. Tillman, the present pastor. '

The church has an Epworth League and Junior League, which add much to the success of the church and is a potent factor for good in the community. ''he M. E. Sunday-school has more than 150 members. A. L. Norris is the superintendent.

In 1868, Elder Aaron Walker, of Kokomo. Ind., who is one of the ablest ministers of the Desciples' Church in the state, came to visit some of his friends at Macy with the object of establishing a church of his belief of the scattering members. After a yreat deal of hard labor he succeeded in organizing a class of about forty, many of whom were members who had belonged to an organization of the same kind in Fulton county. The Elder continued his visits at stated intervals, preaching to large audiences, who came to hear this able man expound the unsearchable riches of the Gospel. Under his ministry the congregation made a steady growth, although they did not havea house of their own in which to worship. To supply this want the schoolhouse was used until 1872, when a neat brick house was planned and a mové- ment set about to raise money for its completion. Consequently the work was entered into with spirit and ina short time sufficient funds were guaranteed to start the building. So the next year P. M. Carvey, who was a practical brickmaker, made a ''pug" mill, smoothed off the yard back of the church, and commenced moulding the brick. Everyone entered into the work with a will, and by the latter part of 1873 the congregation found themselves in a neat structure, which cost the snug sum ot $2,500, and will compare favorably with any in the county outside of Peru.

The membership has steadily increased until at present there are over 150 in good standing. Elder Walker remained with the congregation for about thirteen years, and by his wise counsel and good advice kept the congregation together and ''triumphed over the greatest difficulties."

Elder John Rohrer followed Elder Walker and labored efficiently for one year. About this time John Cantield, an evangelist, was invited to come and hold a series of revival meetings, and in consequence more than 100 were added to the church. Mr. Rohrer was succeeded by L. H. Jamison, an able man, who ministered to the wants of the congregation for some time. Then followed Luke Warren, Elder Huff, W. T. McGowen, I. N. Grisso, John Canfield, S. M. Hathorns, and M. F. Rickoff, whe is the minister at the present time. Elder Rickoff is an able minister of the gospel, and gives saint and sinner his portion with fear and trembling. 'The society is in a prosperous condition and its influence is felt far and near, and it has been the means of doing much good in this vicinity. In connection with the church work there is a Sunday-school of more than 150 msmbers, also a society of Christian Endeavor which numbers more than fifty members, including teachers and pupils. John W. Carvey is the superintendent.

The United Brethren chureh was organized in 1892, avd in a short time they built a neat frame building in the north part of town, and are in a fairly prosperous condition. Following is a list of the ministers who have looked after the spiritual wants of the congregation: S. Snyder, Rev. Haimbaugh, G. W. Lambert and Rev. Bechtel. Mr. Bechtel is the mivister at this time and isan able man, and enjoys the confidence of the entire community.

The Band

members. Since this time many changes have been made, and new members taken in to fill the places of those who resigned or moved away. During the latter part of the year 1895 a few of the old members called a meeting and reorganized the institution and purchased a new set of silver instruments, and now have & membership of sixteen, all of whom are first-class musicians. Following are the members: Vester Carvey, E flat clarion; Roscoe Savage, B flat clarionet; Roy Nye, E flat cornet; M. J. McCarter, E flat cornet; Sam Mus-.- selman, B flat cornet; Solomon Clemens, B fiat cornet; John Musselman, alto; D. W. Eurit, alto; Frank Musselman, alto; Elmer Norris, tenor;.Chas. Davis, tenor; A. B. Calloway, tenor; A. B. Duey, baritone; Silas Palmer, tuba; Jo-

Creamery

The Macy creamery was organized as a co-operative institution in 1891, with a capital stock of $5,000. It was organized not unlike many similar institutions about the same time, and of course a much larger sum of money was paid for the building and machinery than they were worth. But, unlike neighboring cbmpanies. the stockholders keep it going, realizing a good rate of interest on their money. 'The amount of milk brought to the creamery daily exceeds 6,000 pounds, for which is paid an average price of 78 cents. It is a permanent institulion, and under the able management of John W. Carvey, who isanexpert butter maker. The stockholders are well pleased with their investment.

Macy Fair

and a small tract of land, about two and a half miles north of Macy was Purchased and enclosed as a fair ground. In a course of time the needs of the society demanded much more territory to exhibit their pumpkins, and etc., so a piece of land containing twenty acres was purchased, about a quarter of a mile west of town. This was at once-enclosed,-and a first class half mile race track was constructed, This caused a debt to be contracted and after several attempts to have a first class fair, the organization failed miserably. In December, 1896 the stockholders madea voluntery assignment,and Josua Cotfiing was appointed trustee to sell the Jands for the satisfaction of creditors. 'The appraised value is $900, the indebtedness about $2, 200.

Population And Business

Asa mercantile and shipping point Macy is not behind any of its size in the state. The growth for the. first .few years was quite rapid, but sincesthen it has enjoyed a steady growth, and at present contains a population of about 650. There is more grain and stock shipped from Macy than any other town of the same size between Indianapolis and Michigan City. Following are those who are engaged in business: Oris Case, Hardware; Oliver & Miller, Hardware; A. C. Waite & Co., general stock; Snepp Bros., general stock; I. W. Eurit, general stock; F. A, Foer, Restaurant; John Karn, Bakery; Dr. M. M, Boggs, druggist; McCarty, Musseiman & Co., druggists; Mrs. Sarah Devol, millinery; Levi Cloud, ejueensware; Carvey & Fields, barbers; D. K. Ogden, shoemaker; Perry Fellers, shoemaker; H. Pulver, Blacksmith; Chas. W. Palmer, attorneyat-law; J. P. Cook, Railroad agent; John Champ and Oliver Jenkins, justices of the peace.

Birmingham

Is a Small village situated on the L. E. & W. railroad, one half mile south of Macy. 'The town was laid out by Solomon Jones and Isaac Caulk, and consisted of 122 lots. The town was platted for speculative purposes, but the unfavorable situation proved the chief detriment to its success. The population is about fifty. There is the village school house, but the other institutions including a large saw mill, a grist mill, general store have long since moved to other places. It has a postoffice, but trains no longer stop owing to its close proximety to other stations on the railroad.

WAGONERS. A small railroad town two miles and a half north of Macy is a shipping point for lumber and has_a postoffice, a general store, and a saw mill.

For 1895

Polls 192 male dogs, 83; female nee 2; state taxes........ Benevolentinstitution fund. 7... .g.scc ae + os.. amas ieee eee State educational institution fund... .......:.cen+de+seneanne

Chapter Xxvii

ACKSON TOWNSHIP forms the southeast corner of Miami County. and J includes a superficial area of twenty-four square miles lying in Township 25 North, Ranges 5 and 6, East of the Congressional survey. It is six miles long from north to south, five miles from east to west and bounded as follows: Wabash county on the north, Grant county on the east, Howard county on the south, and the township of Harrison on the west. 'The streams are Pipe Creek and its numerous afiluents which traverse all parts of the township, affording ample drainage, water for stock and farm use, and, in some places, eligible mill sites. With the exception of the main stream and one or two others the creeks frequently run dry, although the country may be said to be well watered. 'The surface of the township as a general rule is level with undula- +tions along the various water courses. The character of the soil is a dark loam, exceedingly rich and productive, producing in abundance all the crops grown in northern Indiana. 'The country was originally covered with a dense forest growth of the finest timber, the greater part of which has been cleared, although sufficient remains for all practical purposes. 'The leading varieties were walnut, poplar, beech, sugar, elm, ash and the different kinds of oak.

Early Settlements

As is well known, the Township of Jackson originally formed a part of the Miami Reservation, consequently but few settlers came to the country prior to the purchase of the land from the Indians. It is true that hunters and trappers, lured by the abundance of game with which the forests abounded, traversed the country from time to time in quest of their favorite pursuit but it was not until about the year 1842 that the first actual settlers made their appearance. In that year «Thomas Creviston and Silas Braffet two stalwart, energetic young men, having determined to try their fortunes in a new country. came and built two cabins near the line of Miami and Grant counties." 'The cabin of Braffet stood just across the line in Richland township, Grant county, while Creviston located in what is now Jackson Township on land still in possession of his heirs."

The next comer was probably John Powell, who settled in the eastern part of the township on land now owned by H. Draper some time:in the above year.

Another settler of 1842 was Thomas Mason, who located a home in the northeast corner of the township, where he resided a few years. selling out in ~ an early day to a Mr. Davis and moving from the county. Thomas Addiagton came as early as 1842 and settled upon the present site of Converse, where he made a good farm upon which he resided for a period of about twelve or fifteen years. He left the township at the end of that time and moved to Henry county,

The year 1843 witnessed the arrival of quite a number of substantial men, prominent among whom was Oliver H. P. Macy. formerly an early settler of Grant county. He came January of the above year and located a tract of lind which is now occupied by a part of the town of Converse, and for fifty years has been one of the leading citizens of the township. He has not only manifested an active interest in all the affairs of the township, but was formerly a potent factor in county politics and on account of his superior business qualifications, was twice elected to the office of sheriit. He is now an honored resident of Converse, where he is spending his declining years in the enjoyment of that peace and quiet which only those who have successfully grappled with the world for a half century knew how to appreciate.

John Gates settled about three miles north of Converse, early in 18-43, choosing for his home the farm now owned by Mr. Haskett; about the same time or perhaps a little later, James Que located near the e»ntral part of the towaship on what is now the Ladd farm. In 1844 James McKinley settled in the northwest corner of the township, where he lived until within a very recent date. James Poulson located on the Busby farm in the same year, and prior to 1845, William Bowman and Samuel Long were living in the same locality. Another settler in the northern part of the township was John Long, who early acquired an unenviable notoriety on account of his quarrelsome desposition. He. was a true type of the roystering, backwoods bully, and no occasion was llowed to pass by unimproved, where he could have a friendly little knockdown with somebody whom he knew was not his equal in the manly accomplishment of pugelism. He came to be dreaded by all the peaceably disposed people of the neighborhood and many could not suppress a sigh of relief when they learned of his sudden, ''taking off" in a bloody encounter with a kindred spirit at an infair party. His widow afterwards married Samuel Long.

Among the settlers of.1844 and '45 were James Calhound, near the central part of the towuship. David Daniels on the Helm farm, near Pipe Creek; Rev. Abraham See, a local preacher of the Methodist church, about one mile northeast of Converse, and Henry Thomas, who changed his habitation at frequent intervals. Samuel Butler located near the northwest corner of the township about the year 1846 and was a resident for several years. He subsequently became a Mormon and in company with several others of that faith emigrated to: Utah, since which time nothing has been heard of him.

Another early comer, whose arrival antedates 1846, was Samuel Draper, who settled about:one-half mile west of Converse. David Draper came alittle later and located a short distance north of the town. Henry Addington father of Thomas addington, was an early settler south of Converse, and about the year 1845 George Badger came to the township and made some improvement two and a half miles west of the present site of the town.

ship in anearly day, viz: William Overman, Eli Overman, Arch Moorman, Jonathun Pearson, Nathan Arnold, Jabez and William Berry, William Bond. George W. Gates, Thomas Stilwell, William Balinger, Solomon Wright, Calvin Edgerton, Jacob Robbins, Newton Tangury. Elibu Ensley, William Tangury (father of Newton) James Wimmer, Joseph Shook, Morgan Williams, Ira Steel, John Pearson and B.B. Lamb, the majority of whom became residents prior to the year 1848. After that date the tide of immigration set in more numerously and it will be impossible to give a complete list of all entitled to a mention as early settlers. Among the number however, are mentioned: Thomas Shinn, F. M. Davis, Joseph Powell, David Adams, Wm. Adams, Jesse Shina, Frank Shinn, Abraham Bell, Elliott Walker, Willis Elliott, David Stanley, Henry Cooper, Turner Sullivan, Moses Kimball, Jacob Riggle, Jacob Hudlow, John Hudlow, Sr.. John Hudlow, Jr., Jefferson Shinn, Moses McCoy, Wesley Draper, Elijah Draper, Robert Cook, Benjamin Benbow, Hiram Pearson and Michael Holingsworth.

In 1846 the township organization was effected, the chief mover in the same being O. H-P. Macy. Mr. Macy circulated a petition to this effect which was signed by all the citizens of the township except two, who gave qs a reason for not allowing their names to be placed on the paper that they wanted, 'to keep law and order out of the country as long as possible." The majority of the petitioners expressed a preference for the name of ''Liberty" by which the new township should be designated.. .After visiting every citizen of the township, Mr. Macy walked to Peru and presented the paper to the county commissioners, who, after some deliberation, granted the request of the petitloners, substituting the name of Jackson (in honor of Andrew Jackson) for that of ''Liberty." Under the order designting the boundaries and setting apart thie area as a seperate jurisdiction, a futher order was entered fixing the date at which an election would be held for the purpose of choosing the necessary township officers. The election was held accordingly, at the cabin of James C. Poulson near Converse, Abraham See, acting as inspector. At this election David Daniels was chosen justice of the peace, and Abraham See, constable. Probably the earliest trustees were James McKinley and Gabriel Hayes, and later Christian Life, Mr. Bond and A. D. Kimball, held the office. Among the early Justices were Henry Cooper and Moses Kimball. The following citizens of Jackson have been honored by election to county offices at different times, viz: Dr. M. D. Ellis, Auditor; Enos Massey and Jos. B. Mills, Commissioners; O. H. P. Macy, Sheriff; and J. W. Edward, Representative.

Early Deaths, Births And Marriages

The first death in Jackson Township was that of an infant child of Thomas and Mary Addington, which occured a few years after the family moved to the county. It was burried in the Converse grave yard the first cemetry in the township, laid out on the land of Thomas Mason. Susannah Poulson, daughter of James C. and Delilah Poulson, was born May. 1844. This, from the most reliable information, appears tobave been the first white child born within the present limits of Jackson. Among the early marriages celebrated in the township were those of Charles Marine to Maria Balinger Oscar Addington to Mary A. North and Peter Cluster to a Miss Weight. Among early marriages deserving special mention was that of David Draper to Miss Klizabeth Ballinger, which was solemnized under very peculiar circumstances, It appears that the lady in question resided with a sister a short distance across the line in Grant County, while the groom, who was a resident of Miami, made the serious mistake of going to Peru: to procure the document necessary to legalize the union. The license properly signed avd adorned with the seal of Miami County Court, ;Was procured in due time, and witb this in his pocket the happy young man wended his way to the residence of the expectant bride, who, with a number of invited guests, was anxiously awaiting his arrival. Everything was gotten in readiness for the ceremony, when the clerical gentleman, who was to officiate, astonished the assembled company by the startling intelligence that a murriage in Grant county could not be legally solemnized under a license from Miami. As an escape from the embarrassing dilemn.a which fcliowed this announcement, some one suggested that, as the county line was not far distance that the whole party should walk over to the proper terrtory where the ceremony could bse performed and much disappointment savec. This was no sooner said than acted upon, and a jolly crowd, headed by the clergyman, made its way acros3 the border, where in the midst of a thick woods were said the words which forever made the happy couple man and wife. RELIGIOUS HISTORY.

The first religious services were held about the year 1845 by the Methodists at the residence of John Powell. The first ministers of this denomination were: Rev. Abraham See, Alfred Sharp and Elias Masters.. Not long after the Unitea Bre.hren held services at the house of James C. Poulson, where the Rev. George C. Smith administered to the spiritual want of the few settlers in the vicinity with considerable regularity and good effect. The first permanent: organization was the Converse church, of which a sketch will be found in the history of the town. About the year 1846 the Friends began holding meetings in the various parts of the township, and one year later an organization was affected at the town of Amboy, which has since grown to be one of the largest and most flourishing societies in the southern part of the county. Religious services were held by those several denominations with more or less regularity during the earlier periods of the township's history. Churches or meeting houses designed especially as places of worship are of more recent date. The first one erected so far as information goes, was at Converse, in 1849 by the Methodists, and about the saine time or perhaps one year later, the Friends built a log house a short distance northwest of the town of Amboy. Still later another building was erected by the sane denomination near Converse in which a society organized in 1851, still meets for worship. The preachers of the last named church have been Abbert Smith, peli i Lagann, KJiza Stanley, Macy Malott. Among those of the Amboy congregation were Mordecai Painter aud Hannah Edgerton. At the presept time there are several

Converse

The town of Converse, the second place of importance in Miami County, is pleasantly situated in the southeast corner of Jackson township, near the Grant county line, and distance eighteen miles from Peru. Its location in one ot the finest agriculture regions of northern Indiana is such by nature as to indicate that it was intended to be an important commercial center, a fact which the original proprietors seem to have had in view at the time the survey was made. The origanal plan of the town embraced a small erea on the east half of the northwest quarter and the west half of northeast quarter of Section 32, Township 26 North, Range 6 East, containing in all thirty-two lots and four streets, viz- Wabash, Marion, Sycamore, running east and west and Jefferson, north and south. This unpretentious plat was surveyed April, 1849, for Willis Elliott and O. H. P. Macy, who immediately thereafter offered the lots at very reasonable figures, in the hopes of inducing immigration to the newly formed city. According to the testimony of Mr. Macy, who is still a resident of the town, one of the first houses on the present site of Converse was a small, round log cabin, about eighteén feet long and fifteen feet wide, erected by Henry Overman in the summer of 1849 on the Delphi road, which since the survey, has been known as Miami street, a large rough shed was subsequently attached to this building, a part of which was partitioned off for a store room, where was offered for sale the first stock of merchandise ever brought to the place. The arraingement of this primitive building was such that persons wishing to make a purchase were obliged to pass through the family room in order to inspect the woods, which were thrown together in a promiscuous heap in the shed back of the main department. Mr. Overman's stock consisted of a limited supply of groceries, notions and a few pieces of course dry goods, all of which with a feather bed, were freighted to town in a ten bushel box. After remaining in the town a short time our pioneer merchant moved to other parts, and, if any reliance can be placed in the statements of his friends, we are safe in saying that he failed to realize a fortunein his stupendous business venture. Another early settler in the town was James Mote, who built a residence on the southwest corner of Marion and Jefferson, streets, where the dwelling of Chas. M. Wales now stands. Mr. Mote was a carpenter by occupation, and in connection. with his trade turned an honest penny now and then by opening his house for the accommodation of such travelers as saw fit to accept and pay for his hospitalities. Joseph Brazington, one of the first mechanics of the town, erected a small dwelling on Sycamore and Jefferson streets in 1849, and for several years thereafter worked at. the trade of cabinet making, in which he is said to have been quite proficient. One of the earliest business houses was the one on the southeast corner of Marion and Jefferson street erected by Isaac Carter and first used by Quincy Baldwin who subsequently effected a co-partnership with John Baldwin, which lasted small stock of goods on the north side of Jefferson street, and a little later came Cooper and Scott, who carried on fairly successful houses on Main street west of the main crossing.. In the year 1852. O. H. P. Macy erected the building now occupied by Daniel Mendenhall, in which he carried on a general mercantile business for three or four years. He had previously sold goods with Quincy Baldwin and was one of the first substantial merchants of the town. Nathan Simons sold goods in.a part of the Mendenhall building a short time, and in an early day John Willcutts opened a small general store on the soutl - east corner of Marion and Jefferson street. Elisha Draper was an..early meichant, as were also John Grimes and Mr. Fisher, all of whom sold goods in the Mendenhall building. Thomas Addington built a fraime house,:two stories high, on the northeast corner of the. main crossing, where the Peters building now stands, in which he kept a hotel, one of the first of any note in the town.

Later Business Enterprises

The following are among the most prominent who have done business. since 1864. Daniel Mendenhall opened out in the general goods business the

. above year, purchasing the Macy building on lot 12 which he has since occupied being the oldest merchant in the place at this time. The first druggist: was A. P. Stout, who was succeeded in a short time by Henry Thomas. Dr. Lacy sold goods for a short time in a house erected by the Masonic Fraternity on lot number 20, southeast corner of Marion and Jefferson streets, and was succeeded by Messrs. Flynu and Eward, who effected a partnership which lasted until 1872, Mr. Eward retiring that year. E.S. Lee began the general goods business about 1872 and in connection with that branch of trade, dealt very extensively in staves and lumber until 1874. A. B. Fisher became identified with the commercial interest of the town in 1872 and for several years carried on a very successful mercantile and lumber business. The first hardware store was started in 1872 by Hunt & Osborn who were subsequently suc" ceeded by Osborn &'Wales, and they in turn by the firm of Lillard & Philips, and they by Marine & Demuth, and later by D. O. C. Marine, and he by C. W. Hunt & Sons who are still engaged in the trade. In 1888 Lorance & Courting embarked in the trade and continued for about three years when they were succeeded by Draper & Moren, who operated the business until 1893 when Mr. Moran sold hisinterest to Andrew J. Webb who with S, W. Drapper continued for one year when they were succeeded by Detamore and Kellar who are still engaged in the business:

John Bond who engaged in the tin and stove business about the year 1875 with A.S. Clunk under the firm name of Cluok & Bond, has continued the business ever since, Mr. Clunk retiring a year or two after the formation of the partnership, leaving John Bond sole proprietor until about the year 1890 his son-in-law Wm. Powell was taken into the firm, which continued to run under the firm name of Bond & Powell. Powell & Norris sold general merchandise from about 1874 until 1876 and the firm of Powell & Keys lasted some time longer. J.M. Wright, Jonathan Small, A. Keys, J. J. Keys, William Demuth, Newby & Cain, Banks & Bowman, the Sumpter Brothers, James Dale, John D. McLlwain and others were in business from time to time but it will be impossible to give the exact dates ut which they came to the town. Ot those engaged in the general merchandise from 1874, we mention J. W. Eward, Powell & Norris, Powel & Keys. A. andJ, J. Keys, Wm. Bunks, A. B. Fisher, E. S. Lee, Powell and Sons, H. J. Ransman, A. Fowler, A. Keyes W. W. Miner, Sumpter & Days, W. C. Lancaster. James P. Powell & Co., of whom R. Powell & Son, Sumpter & Day, A. Keys, H. J. Rausman, Wm. Banks, A. Fowler, Wm. Lancaster and J. P. Powell & Co., are still in the trade. Drug stores: - B. F. Agness, Lamm & Gift. Groceries: - A. Micheals, A. Keys, John Bryan, A. 8. Miller, Moyen Bros., and Wm. Banks. ADDITIONS we. * The growth of Xenia, now Converse during the first few years of its his tory was not the most encouraging but as early as 1850 the lots embraced in the original plat (being 32 in number, had been purchased and 4 majorty of them improved therefore O. H. P. Macy and Thomas Addington in March, 1856 layed off five block of lots with 8 lots to the block making 40 lots in all which was called Macy and Addington addition. 'he next addition was in 1867 made by F. M, Davi's and consisted of 29 lots. In 1869 J. W. Eward layed off an addition of 4 blocks of 8 lots to the block which was followed by J. N. Converse addition, these in time were followed by Smith and Lee's addition, Summers and Peters addition, and B, S. Davis addition. In 1873 the anditor of Miami had the surveyor of said county lay off and plat all the irregular lots in the town so that they could be properly listed for taxation, which was done and said plat was designated by the surveyor as the official plat of said town and contains one hundred and six lots or plats. After the discovery of natural gas the town began to boom and several additions were layed off first of which was east Xenia addition, which is on the east side in Grant county. This was followed by Park addition which wasalsoin Grant county. 'These last two additions were layed off by the Xenia Real Estate company, and contains something over four hundred lots, on which are situated the Xenia Hoop Works, Woolen Mills, the Bonny Vice, Works, the Hoosier Canning factory, the Peerless Glass Co , the Chandalier Works and carriage factory to which may be added a large brick building in the course of construction intended as the Malable Steel Works.

The construction of the Pittsburgh and Chicago railroad through the country, 1855, marked an erain the history of Converse, and its importance as a trading and shipping point early became assured. 'The road was not completed, however, until 1868, at which time the lumber business became the leading industry of the town and ere long several saw mills were in successful operation, giving employment to a large force of men. Prior to that time, however, a small steam saw mill was brought to the place by Henry Overman. who operated it for a short time, its business being purely local. It was subsequently purchased by Alexander Street and closed operations about the year 1869. The second mill was started by Macy & Overman soon after the completion of the railroad, and for several years did an immense amount of saw ing for the local and general markets. Elisha Clark engaged in the lumber business a number of years ago, erecting a large steam mill near the railroad

First Methodist Church Of Converse

About the year 1869 a planing mull and stave factory was built in the north part of the town by E. 8. Lee, who" 'operated it with gratifying success for a period of four or five years. Machinery for the manufactu: 'e of tow from flax was subsequently attached, and this braneh of industry was carried on quite extensively by Messrs. Lee and Patterson until the destruction of the mill by fire in 1874. A.B. Fisher began the manufacture of staves in 1870, and

A large tow and flax mill was built in Converse about the year 1871 by John Coyle. who operated it two years, when it was purchased by Lehman & Co., of Peru, by whom it was run until 1876. This enterprise proved quite successful. but to the reget of the citizens of the town was moved away the latter year.

The first and only flouring mill in Converse was erected 1868 by Wright & McFeely, who operated it as partners until 1870, at which time the latter became sole owner. It was afterwards purchased by E. H. Shirk, who, after owning it a short time, sold it to William Rankin. In 1882 it again came into the possession of Mr. Shirk, who held it for a number of years, when he sold the buildiny and lots to Long, Draper & Barger who removed. the old frame structure to the east line of the lots, and erected a large three story brick mill with stone basement and one of the best and most substantial mill properties ia the county. '"Phese parties continued to run this mill until 1892, They sold the same to Smith & Garrison and after a year's operation Mr. Smith sold his interest to Mortin Garrison, and it is now run under the management of Garrison Bros. Along about the year 15386, D. N. Hurd & Co. moved their large saw mill to Converse and began the manufacture of lumber. which they have contjnued ever since. They have now added to the saw mill, a planer, and quite an amount of other machinery, and doa large amount of business. They ship annually of their product more than $50,000 worth and employ thirty to fifty people.

Another industry of Converse was a tannery, operated by A. J. Saxton prior to 1866. J. W. Eward purchased it in 1870 and sold two years later toJ. W. Marine, who in 1874 disposed of it to Levi Hall. The tannery has done a very good business, and is still operated by the gentleman last named.

Upon the discovery of gas in the year 1887 and up to the present time, there bas been located the Hoosier Canning factory, the Converse Carriage factory, the Chandalier factory, the Peerless Glass factory, the Pressed Brick Works, the Bunny Vice factory and the Malable Steel Works, employing in the ageregate about two hundred and fifty hands.

Contemporary with the early settlement of Converse came the primitive inn, which differed from the simple cabin of the private citizen, principally in that its hospitalities were dispensed at a fixed price. ts patronage was largely derived from the prospectors who visited the new town, the temporary character of whose stay rendered such an establishment necessary. The earliest of this class'of houses was the cabin of James Mote, to which reference has already been made. The next caterer to the travelling public was one Claybourne Wright who kept the same house for several years, and who earned the reputation of having been a popular host. In 1868 a building expressly for hotel purposes was erected south of the railroad, on Jefferson street, -by George Wood, who ran it until 1884, at which time the entire structure.was destroyed by fire. Another hotel was built some time later, on the northeast corner of Marion and Jefferson street, by John Saxon; it was burned about the year 1873. At the present time there is one good hotel viz., the Cottage House, kept by Jobn Martin. PROFESSIONAL MEN.

Dr. Frazier was the first physician to practice his profession in Converse, located here when the town was but a niche in the surrounding forest. The second medical man was Dr. Pope, after whom came Drs. M. D. Ellis, A. D. Kimbell, 'I'. C. Kimbell, G2orge Egbert, D. B. Snodgrass, R. K. Robinson, O. A. Mendenhall and J. C. Dillon. The Physicians at this time are O. P. Litzenberger, M. E. Baldwin, M. C. Kimbell and Yed Hawkins.

Mechanics

The early mechanics of Converse were James Mote and Samuel Glands, carpenters; Jacob Hoiinger, Joseph Clevinger, A. J. Gehring and Andrew Dine, blacksmiths; John Grant, shoemaker; Joshua Howell, cabine-tmaker and Thomas Jesup, wagon and carriage maker.

The Press

The first newspaper enterprise in Converse was the Converse Gazette, established in the year 1868 by Charles P. Thew, under whose management it was regularly issued for a period of two years, when R. K. Robinson became editor and proprietor. Mr. Robinson continued the publication until 1874 at which time the office and contents were completely destroyed by the conflagration of that year. The Gazette was a six colum folio devoted to the interests of the town and at one time reached a very respectable circulation.

The Xenia Times, a four column quarto, began to be published in 1879 by Cleveland J. Reynolds as editor and proprietor, who designed it as an independent weekly, through which the productions of local writers might be given publicity. At the end of about eighteen months the office was leased by Ward & Frank, who run it one year when M. Reynolds again took charge and shortly afterwards moved it from the town. In the meantime Samuel F. Winters, an old newspaper man of Peru, and J. O. Frame, of Converse, formed a partnership under the firm name of Frame & Winters, for the purpose of continuing the Times, the material for the same being that formerly used in the publication of the Wabash Valley Blade, a campaign sheet previously issued at the county seat. Under the management of this firm thé paper was conducted with more than ordinary ability for one year, at the end of which time Mr. Frame retired, Mr Winters assuming entire control. 'I'he paper was a five column quarto and at once grew in popular favor until it reached a circulation of over eight hundred. From some cause not known to the writer it was finally discontinued the last number bearing date of September 8, 1886.

The Cottverse Journal, a six colum quarto published weekly, was established December 12, 1883. A. L, Lawshe and Roscoe Kimple, two energetic young men, began the enterprise with a guaranteed subscription of four hundred and an ample advertising patronage. On Monday preceding the issue of the first number there was nox a press nor line of type in the town, but so intent were the publishers upon getting the paper out on the day promised that everything was gotten in readiness in less than a week, and in due time the Journfil made its appearance, fully meeting the expectations of its subscribers. Mr. Lawshe purchased his partner's interest at the end of the first year, since which time he has been sole editor and proprietor. In its editoral make up the Journal, a is republican local paper, devoted to manly and fearless discussions both political and other questions in a manly and fearless manner. In its mechanical makeup the paper is a model of neatness, and, with a present circulation of over eight hundred we bespeak for it 4 large increase in the number of its patrons. Mr. Lawshe, while still a young man, is a vigorous and terse writer, and has already proved himself to be one of the most successful newspaper men in Miami County.

The Xenia bank was established in June, 1884, by Robert Spencer, Geo. W. Webster and Burr Doan, and contioued until soumetime the fellowing year. It was a bank of private exchange and did a fairly successful business until the several parties withdrew their stock. In the spring of 1885 the present Exchange Bank was established by Mark Tully, with a large capital. This is one ef the most successful banking houses in the county. and pomises to remain a permanent feature of the town. 'lhe great2r part of the business is looked after by the accomplished cashier, O. H. Trook. In the year 1893 the Citizens Bank under the management of Gotschalk & Ober was organized and done quite a business, until about the 16th day of June, 1893, when under the pressure of the panic of that year closed its door and made an assignment. but its assitts will eventually pay in full its depositors,

School Buildings

The first schoo] house erected for the accomodation of the children of Cenverse, stood a short distance west of town, the site being now within the corporation, and was built by the township in the year 1866. This was a small frame building, and served the purposes for which it was intended until the year 1872. In that year the present two-story brick structure 32x76 in size, containing four commodious school rooms, was erected at a cost of Be 00D In 1891 two more rooms were added, making six rooms 32x36 in size, which will accommodate three hundred and sixty pupils, requiring 8 teachers to manage the school.

Fire Department And Waterworks

Converse boasts of one of the most efficient and well equipped fire poverty: ments in Miami County, and those who have witnessed its effective work - not call in queston the justness of the claim. 'The department was organized

July 1, 1885, with a membership of twenty-two, a number which a Pee increased nor diminished since that date. The town has aes fo) lonoee derfect water works system in the county, using both the stan pipe oa ea pressure systems, with a tubular well eight inches in diameter two hundre and thirty feet deep with water standing within six feet of the surface of the ground, affording the town an abundance of pure lime stone water, for both family use and tire protection. And with an effecient hose real company with six hundred feet of the best of hose, we feel pretty safe from a very disastrious fire.

Xenia Lodge, No. 267, F. and A. M., was organized anterior to 1860, and flourished with a fair degree of prosperity until the destruction of the hall and other property in the fall of 1872. The loss being greater than the society could well afford to' méet, it was decided to abaadon the organization, and from that time until 1874%no mectings appeared to have been held. In the latter year however, an organization was effected, a hall for lodge purposes rented, and fully equiped for work, the society, under many favorable auspices, started out upon its second career, which was destined to coutinue but a short time. ' In 1878 another visitation from the fire fiend destroyed the hall and paraphenalia, after which it was decided to surrender the charter, as the organization found itself unable to procure a room und the necessary equipment. The officers at the time of the dissolution were: Jos. Boswell W. M.; L. B. Carver, S. W.;4J. W. Eward, J. W; and Joseph A. Philips, treasurer. Thus from 1878 when the charter was surrendered until 1894 the town was without a Masonic order. In that year an effort was put forth to organize a new lodge which was successful, and in the fall of 1894 the new lodge was opened under a dispensation from the Grand Lodge, and continued to operate under such dispensation until May, 1895, when a charter was issued and numbered 601 F. & A. M., which is now in a flourishing condition, with the following officers: Morton Garrison, W. M.; W. E. Alexander. S. W.; Geo. W. Day, J. W.; Joseph Basswell, Secretary; A. Keyes, Treasurer and J. C. Drumbaugh, Tyler, and up to this date has twenty-eight members.

John S. Summers Post, No. 59, G. A. R., was organized April 12, 1882, with a membership of thirty-eight. It has enjoyed a fair degree of prosperity since that time, and nuw numbers an active membership of fifty-eight. The officers for 1896 are as follows: J. E. Harrison, Commander; W. E. Anderson, S. V..C.;W. J.T. Saucer, J. V. C.; H. H. Harvour, Officer of the Day; John 'O. Frame, Adjutant; Lewis Doster, Quartermaster; Dr. A. D. Kimball, Surgeon; Milton Douglass, Chaplain; Isaac M. Wright. Officer of the Guard; William A, Banks, Sergeant Major and Jacob StClair, Quartermaster Sergeant.

Methodist, organized within a couple of years after the survey of the town. A. log house of worship was erected in an early day on the lot now occupied by the United Brethren church, and for a number of! years tlie society held its meetings regularly, having at one time been the leading organization of the township. Owing to internal dissensions, deaths and removals. the membership began to diminish. and the lack of interest continuing, the society was finally abandoned, the last meeting being held in 1870.

United Brethren In Christ

The Converse class of the United Brethren church was organized about the year 1856, by Rev. Cyrus Smith, and among the early members were Scth Summers, Mary Summers, Zachariah Clevinger and wife, Thomas Darby, Hannah Darby, Charles Branam and Mary A. Clevinger. Meetings were first held at the residence of Seth Summers, in Grant county, and subsequently in the Wesleyan house of worship in Converse which was used by the society for a period of about two years, the membership increasing quite rapidly during that period. In the course of time this building became insufficient to meet the wants of the church, and steps were taken by both organizations to supply that want by the construction of a new house in which to worship. Accordingly, in 1859, the old building was torn away and the present comfortable frame edifice, occupying the same site, was erected at a cost of about $800. After the disorganization of the Wesleyan class, the United Brethren purchased the entire property, which was remodeled and formally dedicated as a United Brethren church in 1872. The following list embraces the majority of pastors of the society, viz: Revs. Cyrus Smith, B. F. Holeomb, Frank Morgan, Alexander Carroll, A. J. Stout, Wm. Owler, Mr. Mosier, J. Y. VeMurnburg, Thomas MeFadden, Thomas Evans, Irwin Cox. John Crumer and Rev. James Bray, the last named being pastor at this time. Whe prescut membership of the church is about iity. THE MEPNODIST CHURCH OF CONVERSE.

Of the earliest efforts to estublish a Methodist church in Jackson Township no record now remains: the majority of the families of that faith who resided here in the first year of the country's history having moved away or passed to the life beyond. Meetings were held in the neighborhood by itinerant ministers, as early as 1842 and it was about that date, or perhapse a coupleof years later, that an organization was effected which met regularly for worship at the residences of the different members. Among the early preachers were Kevs. Bowman and Bradshaw, men noted for their zeal in. the vausethey represerted. Among the first members of the class were Joseph Powell and family, John Powell and family, Louisa Kimball, Shadrock Elliott and family and Jesse Elliott and family, the majority of whom have long since passed from the church militant to the church triumphant. Services were held in private dwellings until the completion of the Wesleyan church building in Converse, when the society was granted the use of the same until it had gained suificient strength to erect a house of its own. 'The church continued to grow apace and in 1850 a neat frame temple of worship adapted to the wants of the congregation was erected on Wabash street at a cost of $600.

'This building answered the purposes for which it was intended until 1886, when the wants of the church began to foreshadow the necessity of the erection of a house of worship of enlarged proportions for the accommodation of its increased membership. Accordingly in that year the necessary steps were taken toward the erection of a new building, the church disposing of the old house with that object in view. In due time the present stately brick edifice occupying the original site, was pushed toward completion as rapidly as the magnitude of the undertaking would allow. 'This building is one of the finest specimens of church architecture in the county, 59x50 feet in size, surrounded by a stately spire and cost $7,000. 'The present pastor is J.C. Bills. 'The membership is near two hundred. 'he officers are as follows: Mrs. Aydclott, Mrs. StClair, Mrs. Osborn, Miss Shinn, Mrs. Price and L. J. Reeves, class leaders; Henry Cates, J. C. Dunbaugh, Mrs. Clara Wales and, Mrs. Aydelott, Stewards; A. Beall, F. J. Daily, C. S. Life, Dr. M. F. Baldwin, Henry Cates and Dr. M. C. Kimball. 'Trustees.

The Sunday school is large and the teachers are active and zealous doing all in their power to make their work interesting and beneficial. The school numbers near one hundred and fifty pupils, besides an efficient choir of teachers and ofticers. The present superintendent is C. B. Buchanan.

This society was organized by elder Henry Olinger, a pioneer preacher of piety and ability and dates its history from about the year 1868. Meeting were first held in the village school house and private dwellings, and among the earliest members of the organization were W. J, T. Saucer and family, D. E. Howe and family, James Lewis and family, Joel R. Davis and amily, George W. Ammon and family and Lewis Winthrow and family. The first Elders were Henry Olinger and G. W. Ammon. 'The organization thus constituted soon increased in membership to such an extent that in 1872 a lot was purchased in the east part of town upon which a substantial house of worship was erected and dedicated that year. Since that time the church has prospered satisfactorily, the labors of the various pastors having been very efficient, and devoted to the development of christian example, worthy of imitation. Commencing with 1873 the following are the names of the ministers who have sustained the relation of pastors of the society, viz: W. V. Trowbridge, J. A. Taylor, W. T. Hutf, Mr. McKenzie, W. R, Lowe, D, A. McDowell, Oliver Carmicheal and J. S. Grant. In 1877 the house of worship erected in 1872 was burned, leaving the congregation in a very bad condition as there was no insurance on the building and the members were poor, but with the inpdominable pluck and energy characterized by these people they at once commenced to rebuild, and by the united energy of the members secured by the good people of our town they built a fine brick structure 36x50 feet, with 22 feet ceiling, at a cost of more than $4,000. 'This new house of worship was dedicated to the worship of God, free from indebtedness in August, 1890. by L. L. Carpenter, of Wabash, Ind. This aecomplished, the church started out with new energy and has prospered fairly well. The membership is near seventy. The Sunday school numbers from seventy to eighty including officers and teachers. James F. Howe is now superintendent.

Presbyterian Church

The Converse Presbyterian church was organized Nov. 12, 1870, by Rev. William Armstrong, who visited the.town as missionary of the Muncie presbytery for the pur pose of establishing a society. The petition for an organization was duly signed by the following members, viz: J. M. Darby, Catharine S. Darby, Lydia J. Kimball, J. A. Douglass, J. K. Darby, A. D. Kimball, F. M. Sninn. Elizabeth Piatt, Carrie D. Murray, Elizabeth Jones, A. B. Kimball, Henrietta S. Kimball, N. Dangerfield, David Coppock, Letelia Summers, James Parker,.V..Flora Darby, A. Cordelia Douglass, J. M. Wright, Mrs. J. M. Wright, J. A. Phelps, Eunice Hand, Jackson Saxon, A. P. Stout, M. P. Keasby and Emma A. Zeek. 'The society has since its organization met in the U. B. church and the Christian church until the year 1893, when they built a neat little frame church on.the corner of Marion and Washington streets, with a seating capacity of about 250, and are now ina prosperous condition. Much credit is due Rev. T. A. Steel in the erection of this edifice, but he died before its completion. The pastors since Rev. C. 'I'. White, above named, were: Revs. Cregg, T. A. Steel, M. Pearson and the present pastor, G. D. Parker. The offic2rs are A. B. Kimball, David Bohn and F. M. Shinn, elders; J. S. Martin, Mark Tully and A. B. Kimball,. trustees.

To Elder J. J..Copeland is due the credit of sowing the first seed, which. under his careful..culture, germinated and in due time developed into the Christian church.of Converse. After visiting the town at intervals for several months and preaching with great acceptance, he succeeded in gathering together about thirty, members of his faith, who on the 13th day of May, 1886, were united into_a'society which has already increased until more than forty names appear upon the:record. In September ef the above year the Methodist house of worship was purchased and moved to the opposite side of the street, where it has undergone 4 complete remodeling, being at this time a comfortable and commodious edifice. 'The society prospered for a few years after its organization, but by removals and deaths it went down, and there are no regular services now 'held, although there are a few loyal members.

Converse, To-Day

The growth of Converse since the completion of the Pan-Handle railroad in 1868-has been fully-up to,the expectation of its friends, and it is today a flourishing town-ofsover 1,000 inhabitants. It commands the trade of a large and fertile area of«Miami, Grant and Howard counties, and is the principal shipping point between Logansport and; Marion. Its present business is as follows: General stores - R. 'Powell & Son) H. J. Kausman, Sumpter & Day W. C. Lancaster and Amos Fowler. Groceries - A. Michael, John H. Bryan, Wn. A.-Banks and*James -P. Powell. Druggists - B. F. Agness and Lamm & Gift. Paneer W. Hunt & Sons, Bond & Powell and Kellar & Detamore. Milliners - Mrs. H. J. Rausman, Mrs. W. C. Lancaster, Miss Flora Ogborn, Renaker Sisters and Mrs. Lydia Kimball. Jewelers - A. F. Fox and James Sullivan. Photographer - C. E. Hiatt. Attorneys - J. W. Kward, Roscoe

Kimple, Samuel Strickler; pension attorney. J. O. Frame. Physicians - Drs Baldwin & Hawkins, O. P. Litzenberger and M. C. Kimball. Livery stables - Dudley's and Clarence Jarrett, Planing mills and lumber yards - L. S. Murphy, D. N. Hurd & Co. and Osborn & Anderson. Butchers - Case & Worst and John F. Reyburn. Barbers - W. W. Bryan, R. B. Agness, Wm. Tuey and Nate Malott. Undertaking and furniture - A. Acker. Saddle and harness makers - J. A. Phillips & Son and Arthur McLane. Saloons - Henry Conrandt and Daniel Darnell.

It has a population estimated by the school enumeration of between 1,800 and 2,000 inhabitants. %In 1890, when the census was taken, the population of the town was 935, but since that time the population has more than doubled. The rows of old frame business structures qn Jefferson street, the principal business street, have since that time given place to large brick blocks; the name of the town has been changed from Xenia to Converse; new streets have been made and improved so that we now have as fine thoroughfares as towns of greater pretensions. We have electric lights, water works and a natural gas plant which attords its inhabitants cheap fuel and lights. Altogether we have all] the luxuries of a city.

The town of Amboy, on the Pan-Handle railroad, four miles northwest of Converse, is situated in Section 23, 'Township 25 North, Range 5 East, and dates its history from August, 1567, at which time the original plat, consisting of fifty-one lots, was iaid out by Bennett Fellows, Abijah Ridgeway, John Ptomey and John A. Lamb. 'The village is an outgrowth of the railroad, and for several years after the completion of that line acquired considera5le reputation as a shipping point for lumber, which was first gotten out in immense quantities by Elisha Clark and Messers. Louder & Smith. Mr. Clark located his large steam saw mill in 1867, and the firm of Lowder & Smith came later in the same year, and did a flourishing business until some time in 1868, when their mill passed into the hands of other parties, who subsequently moved it from the place. Clark operated bis mill quite successfully for about two years, when he disposed of it and abandoned the lumber business. These mills formed the nucleus of quite a flourishing village, and within a few months a number of residences were erected on the town site. In the summer of 1867 Benjamin Bond came to the place with a stock of general mercbandise and erected a business house on the corner of Main and Pennsylvania streets, which he occupied until recently. A two-story building was shortly afterward erected on the northeast corner of the same crossing by J. F. Overman, who remained about two years, when he removed his stock to Miami. In the meantime a number of substantial citizens became residents of the village, among whom were B. F. Reynolds, a carpenter and builder; Martin Morgan and D. McDonald, blacksmiths, and William Reynolds, who built a planing mill in 1867 which he operated with good success until some time the following year. Messrs. Lowder & Smith, in connection with their lumber business, built a grist mill shortly after locating in the village and operated it as long as they remained ip the place. William Patterson was probably the third merchant in the town, after whom came from time to time the following business men, viz: Thomas & Wilson, general store; Mr. Josephy, who carried on a clothing and dry goods house for a short time; Robert Coats, general merchandise, from 1875 to 1879; Spencer & Sweetzer, general goods; Jacob Arnold, Dr. Schooley, Philip G. Yoars, Calvin Edgerton, Edgerton & Canady, Samuel Vinnedge and B. F. Crites, the last of whom started the first drug store in the place.

The Amboy business directory for 1895 consisted of the following firms: Amboy Brick and Tile works, Ridgeway, Long & Fellow; J. A. Baldwin, physician; P. G. Yoars, creamery; R. Dailey, blacksmith; C. Edgerton, general merchandise; Frank Edgerton, livery; D. F. Deisch, elevator: Ellaman & Cox, drugs and jewelry; R. A. Kessler, flouring mill; D. Haifley, agricultural implements; W. H. Haifley, physician; Geo. Lickfelt, blacksmith; E. A. Logan, shoemaker; T. C. Malaley, general merchandise; J. F. Melton, harness; Baldwin & Kennedy, brick and tile works; T. C. Overman, grocer; Summers, saw and planing mill; W. W. Smith, grocer; W. J. Stilwell, restaurant and confectionery; Sullivan & Pond, blacksmiths; Wm. Thorn, general merchandise: Vance & Dailey, meat market; Zimmerman & Miller, hardware The manufacture of drain tile has been an important industry of the village for several years, and at the present time a large and flourishing business is being conducted by Messrs. Ridgeway & Lamb.

The first physician in Ambey was Dr. J. A. Baldwin, who located in the fall of 1868, and is still in the active practice of his profession, being one of. the oldest resident physiciansin the township. Dr.H. D. Hattery, of Logansport, practiced there for some time, as did also Drs. John Wright, E. K. Friermood and Isaac Carey.

The first addition to the original plat of the town was made November, 1871, by B. B. Lamb, who surveyed and offered for sale four lots, which were soon purchased and improved. An addition of seven iots was made the same month by E.°C. Fellows, and in August, 1875, the last addition of ten standard lots was platted for Mr. Reynolds. In 1881 the citizens of the village, by a very decided majority, decided to take upon themselves the task of maintaining a corporation, and a board for putting the same into effect was accordingly elected and duly qualified.

Amboy enjoys superior educational advantages, and boasts of two as fine and commodious brick school buildings as there are in the county. The first of these was erected by public donations in 1872, and afterward leased to the township for a graded school.

Amboy Friends church, one of the largest and most influential religious societies in Miami county, was organized as early as 1847 or °48 in a sma)Jl cabin @ short distance from the present site of the village.. Among the early members were John Pearson and family, Nathan Arnoid and family, William Overman and family and Eli Overman and family, and one of the earliest members was Mordecai Painter. he house in which the first meetings of the society were held was a deserted dwelling. and this unpretentious building served the congregation until a more convenient log structure could be erected. About one year after the date of the organization a plat of ground northwest of the village was purchased, and within a short time a hewed log structure 25x40 feet in size was erected and ready for use. The building served the purpose for which it was intended until about the year 1865, at which time the wants of the society foreshadowed the necessity of a house more in keeping with the rapidly increasing congregation; accordingly in that year work was commenced upon the present commodious frame building, just north of the village limits, which in due time was completed and formally dedicated to the Master's service. This is one of tle largest church edifices in the county, and will comfortably seat an audience of 500, and cost the sum of $2,000. The church is in a prosperous condition, and at this time has a membership of over 300.

Chapter Xxviii

HIS township was called Richland on account of its heavy forests and productive soil. It lies in the north-east part of the county and is bounded on the north by Perry township, east by Wabash county, south by Erie and Peru townships, and west by Jefferson and Union townships. It contains thirty-eight square miles or 24,320 acres. Eel river flows through the township from nerth-east to south-west and its principle tributary, Flowers creek, flows into it near Chili. A bird's-eye view of the township, in the summer season, would present a beautiful valley, on each side of which is a line of hills gently receding into a high and rolling surface. Through the center of the valley peacefully winds the Eel, and form the adjacent hills dart rivulets to join the river. Along the streams and on the uplands sway clumps of the primeval forests - oak walnut, sugar, beech and other decidious trees. Along the margin of the streams and among the clumps of forest trees are fields of waving, golden grain. On green pastures are grazing cattle, horses and sheep. Here and there are large and elegant residences, surrounded by various buildings, near is a garden spot and orchard heavily leaden with ripening fruit. 3 EARLY SETTLERS.

The first white man to found a home in Richland township was David Williams, who came sometime within the year 1836. It is reported that James and John Long and William Jones sought homes near him that same year. The next year a number of euergetic pioneers came, among the number being Robert Miller, James Conner, John Allison, Allen Lockridge, Edmond I. Kidd, John Conner, Moses Martindale, Daniel Ward, Martin Scruggs, Jesse Martindale, Richard Miller, Alvin Riddle. William Bish, and Thomas Smith. In 183y and °40 the little band of pioneers whose cabins stood here and there in the great forests, were joined by others, among whom may be mentioned N. G. Miller, Amos Murphy, Henry Norris, Robert Watson, John Miller, Samuel Rank, Joseph Clark, J. D. Cox, Michael Taylor, Jacob Peer, Samuel Hart, Reuben Overman, Samuel Fisher, Caleb Petty, David Marquiss, Willis Hill' Alonso Daud, Solomon Hobaugh, David Graham, Benjamin Baltimore Peter Woolpert, Benjamin Griffith, Enos Baldwin and John. Sellars. Among those

Priority Of Even'Ls

Robert Miller in 1837 by the Methodists. Later in the same year a meeting was held at the house of John Long by the same denomination. The early preachers were Beswick, Truslow, Reyburn, McFarland and Westlake. The latter, not accustomed to traveling in the dense forests, where the narrow path could only be kept by observing closely the glazed trees, frequently got lost and was accordingly late at his appointments.

«The first school-house was built on the Robert Watson farm in 1838. Robert Watson had charge of the first school held in the new house. This house was used by the Methodists as a place for regular worship until the building of their church. Another school-house was built the same year on the M. Martindale farm. .M. Martindale, Jr., taught the first school held there in the winter of 1838 and 39.

'-The township was organized Nov. 6, 1837. The following August, 1838, an election was held at the cabin of David Williams. Edmund J. Kidd and Martin Scruggs were chosen first justices of the peace; Moses Martindale, Thomas Smith and David Williams, trustees.

"The tirst settlers were compelled to go to the mill of Burl Daniels, in Jefferson township, to have their corn ground. Afterward Joseph Holman built a mill on Wesaw creek, which was patronized by the citizens of Richland. The first mill within the borders of the township, however, was built by Thomas Gowdy in 1842. Another mill was built by Samuel Rank in 1850. The next mill was built at Chiliby William McColley in 1852.

"Among the first marriages celebrated in the township was that of Willis Buck to a daughter of Robert Watson and Edmond Blackmond to 'a daughter of David Williams, both in 1839.

«The first death was a daughter of Richard Miller, which occurred in the year 1839." VILLAGES. The little village of Chili is located on the Detroit division of the Wabash, and is tite eastern terminus of the Eel River division of the Wabash. It is beautifully situated on Eel river, immediately surrounded by one of the richest farming districts under the sun. 'The village was laid out in 1838, arid soon became a flourishing trading point: At an early period it could raise a larger crowd ata demonstration than Peru. It was surveyed and recorded under the name of New Market. A saw mill, grist mill and 2arding mill were established at an early.date. Chili contains about 200 peuple, but few more than it had fifty years ago. It has long since been deserted as one of the principal trading points in the north part of the county, A splendid pike gives rapid and direct access to Peru. After the completion of the L. E. & W. Denver Sprung up only three miles west of Chili. The first business man was N. ©. Hall, father of Clarence Hall, the Peruclothier. When Adam Awalt started a store in 1847 N. C. Hall and Samuel Graham were the only merchants wha. previous to that time had engaged in the merchantile business.

Wooleytown, located two and a half miles northeast of Denver is a de-. serted village. Amos Wooley and th~ee sons located here in 1846. They were mechanics and started a blacksmith and wagon shop soon after their arrival. William Harp opened a store in 1850, in the upper room of the wagon shop. He afterwards built a good frame storeroom. Abraham Leedy was the next merchant. Wooleytown gained quite a reputation for a short time for the manufacture of looms for weaving, and the manufacture of grain cradles. On the completion of the L. E. & W. the postoffice was changed to Denver, and. the hopes of Wooleytown sank never to rise again.