Washington Township (part 2 of 9)

Frangois Vigo, a lot in Vincennes twenty-five toises square, one side to Villeneuve, and by three streets. A lot in Vincennes thirteen toises in front, lying on the street St. Louis and running back to the street St. Honore, joining Louis Brouillette on one side and a public road left for a street on the other. Two lots in Vincennes twenty-five toises square each, one bounded on one side by Peter Thorn, and on the other by Mrs. "Winne, and on two others by streets ; the other bounded on one side, toward the southwest, by vacant land, on the northeast by Reple, and on the north and south by vacant lots. A piece of land of an irregular figure containing ten acres, more or less, near the town of Vincennes, bounded on one side by the road leading to Bosseron's mill, and on another by lands of John Dorret, on a third side by Mr. Bosseron, and on a fourth by Louis Bayen, the son, and James McNulty. Two lots in Vincennes, opposite each other, twenty-five toises each in front, the one running from the street of St. Louis to the street of St. Honore, joining Paul Gamelin on one side and Jean Baptiste Vaudrey on the other side, the one running from the street of St. Honore to the next street not yet named, joining Mr. Bosseron on one side and Vaudrey and Charles Bosseron on the other side. A tract of land, with a house and other buildings thereon, two arpeuts in front and forty deep, on the north side of St. Jerome, or "Wabash, joining Jean Baptiste Ohartier on one side, and on the other the Widow Dumas ; also a piece of land on the same side of the river, opposite the town, joining a public' road on one side and Vigo's lands on the other. A piece of land, two arpents in front and forty deep, on the north side of Wabash, joining on one side lands of said Vigo, and on the other Francis Paquine. A piece of land two arpents in front by the ordinary depth, at the Point aux Noyer, from the Elm Tree Road to the river St. Jerome, joining Francois l'Ognion and said Vigo. A piece of land two arpents in front by forty deep, from the Elm Tree Road to the river St. Jerome, joining said Vigo on both sides. A piece of land eight arpents in front by forty deep, to the east of the town of Vincennes, joining Toussaint Coder on one side and Antoine Vaudrey on the other side, bounded before by Joseph Hamelin, and behind by vacant lands. This grant seems to have been made to Rene Coder for cretain services, and duly conveyed to Vigo. It falls within the donation tract, but an equal quantity must be surveyed for Mr. Vigo upon vacant lands near the donation tract, as they may be had of good quality. A piece of land three arpents in front by forty deep, below the Little Rocks to the northeast of Vincennes, joining Toussaint Dubois to the northeast, and Jean Baptiste du Cherne to the southwest. A piece of land two arpents in front by forty deep, to the right of the road to the island beyond the common, bought of Jean Baptiste Dubois. A piece of land four arpents in front by forty deep near the 'Belle Fontaine,' bounded on one side by other lands of said Vigo toward the southwest, and to the northeast by Pierre Dubois. Two lots in Vincennes of about twenty-five toises square, each joining each other, and lying upon three streets, and joining James McNulty to the northeast. A lot in Vincennes, joining Lemon Spring on one side, vacant land on the other, and the two other sides on two streets. A house and lot in Vincennes, fourteen toises in breadth, lying on the street St. Louis in front, on one side a street that runs to the river, and on the other by a lot of the late Mr. Le Gras. A lot in Vincennes, ten toises and something more, lying on the street of St. Louis and running to the public road along the St. Jerome River, and from thence to the beach, joining lands of the late Phillipe Le Gras on one side, and on the other side the public road reserved for a street. A lot in Vincennes, ten toises in front, or thereabouts, running from the street St. Louis to the public road along the river St. Jerome, and from thence to the beach, joining Mr. Le Gras on one side, and on the other the public road reserved for a street. A piece of land two arpents in front, running from the river St. Jerome to the Elm Tree Eoad, and joining lands of said Vigo on one side, and the widow of Jean Baptiste Vaudrey on the other side. A piece of land on the north side of the Wabash, a little above the town of Vincennes, four arpents in front and forty deep, bounded on one side by lands of St. Marie, and on the other by Hunat.

"A lot toward the east corner of the town of Vincennes, joining Anthony Dunceford and a street not named. A piece of land four and two-thirds of an arpent in front, running from the King's road to the Wabash, joining Nicholas Cardinal on the one side, and Dominique Bergante on the other side. A piece of land in the old Piankeshaw town, sold by James Croche to Lieberge, joining Lebanon on one side and Le Beuf on the other. A piece of land near the village of Vincennes, joining Wigg on the east, on the north St. Louis Street, and extending westerly to the village, and south to the great road. Three fields or pieces of land joining the village, running north 42°, west eight perches, then north 26°, east twelve perches, then south 53°, eight perches, and north 34°, east eleven perches. Three pieces of land in the old Indian village, sold by Montour and other chiefs to Spring and Bosseron, in April and May, 1786. Five pieces of land in the old Piankeshaw town at Vincennes, sold by Montour and other chiefs to the same persons as the former. The field lots and land formerly held by the Kettle Carrier, sold by Quiquilaquia, grandson to the said Kettle Carrier, with the approbation of Montour and the other chiefs, to Spring and Bosseron. A piece of land running from the street of St. Louis to a street where Drouet de Bicherville lives, joining on one side the last concession or acquisition of the town of Vincennes, on the other side to the heap of stones and Mr. Vigo's land, sold by Montour and to Francois Bosseron and Jean Baptiste Vaudrey. A lot in the ancient village of the Piankeshaws, sold by Centaral to Francois l'Ognion, joining said Vigo on every side. A piece of land on the little river of the Windmill, joining Mr. Cournoye on one side and said Vigo on the other, fronting the road and running to Jones' field, fifty toises broad and thirty deep, bought of the Widow Boye. A lot in the old Piankeshaw town, joining on one side to Louis Levere and Francis du Mois, two other sides on two streets, and the fourth toward the little river joining James NcNulty. A piece of land fifty-two toises in front and thirtyfour deep, to the east of Vincennes, bounded on one side by Christopher Reple, on the other by Francois Bosseron, and two others by Captain Doyle, bought by Jean Guaries of Joseph l'Ognion. Six lots, twenty-five toises square each, and running back to a street, there joining Pierre Cournoye on one side and Bosseron on the other side, and fronting the river, the other five joining Vigo on one side. Two fields or pieces of land to the east of Vincennes, one nineteen toises in front on the Elm Tree Road and sixty-eight toises deep, joining Louis Boyen on one side, and on the other lands late of Samuel Bradley, and running back to the fields formerly cultivated by the Indians, the other bounded on the north by the Mill Road and by Mr. Bosseron, and running sixty-eight toises to Pierre Gamelin, and thirty toises to the east to lands late of Simon Spring, and having eighty-one toises on a third face and forty-one on the fourth, bought of Louis St. Aubin by James Johnston. A piece of land containing one hundred and eighty acres, part of a tract said to have been granted by the court of Vincennes, 1779, to John Cardine (but the concession is lost), situated about five miles from Vincennes, on the road to the forks of White River, and lying between two small water courses that fall into the mill creek, joining lands of the said Gadine to the westward, sold to him by Jean Cardine. Four hundred acres on the north side of the Wabash in the Grand Prairie about a league from Vincennes, granted to him by the court by certain courses, and bounded to the north by John Johnson. Francois Vigo, the following, viz. : A house and lot near the town of Vinceimes, thirty toises in front, and bounded on one side by Spring and on the other by Montour, a street in front and a public road in the rear, sold by Montour to Leboye, etc. James McNulty, a field or piece of land in Vincennes, fronting on the public road, and joining La Chine on one side and Simon Spring on the other two, sold to him by Grosseblanc and wife. Another field joining Lielarge on the east, Jean Baptiste Vaudrey on the north, fronting on the public road to the barrier, and behind joining Pierre Gamelin, sold to him by Montour, chief of the Piankeshaws.

"Francis Wilson, a lot in Vincennes twenty-five toises square, bounded on the east by- Benjamin Bride, on the west and north by streets, and on the east by vacant land. John Small, a piece of land two arpents square on the northeast side of Vincennes, joining lands of Bosseron on the southwest, and Johnson on the southeast and northeast, and the great road on the northwest, sold him by Baptiste Dubois. A piece of land on the Wabash above the town of Vincennes, bounded on the north by the river, on the east by Vigo, running sixty-six perches north, 30° east, and forty perches north, 47° west, part of the Indian village. A piece of land two arpents in front and forty deep, in the prairie of the river Du Chien, one side to Jean Baptiste Millcet, another to Jean Baptiste Braton, sold to him by Joseph Pederot, Jr. A piece of land in the prairie of the river Du Chien two arpents in front and forty deep, on the north side to John Decker, on the south to John Small, on the east and west to vacant land, sold him by Jean Baptiste Millcet. A piece of land four arpents in front and forty deep on the saw-mill run, bounded south by Bosseron, west by Starkey, north by the run, east by John Martin, sold him by Joseph Amelin. Four hundred arpents of land on the little river, joining Daniel Sullivan on the west, Francis Bosseron on the north, vacant lands on the east and south, sold him by Pierre Kerre and wife ; Mr. Small has no deed for this, but as it has been proved to Col. Sargent that this (in part) was an ancient concession, you are to satisfy the same with the usual quantity, that is, one hundred and sixty arpents. Laurent Barsadon, a lot in Vincennes twelve toises in front by twenty-five in depth, joining Cardinal on one side, Dubois on another, and the other two lying on streets, sold by Francois Brouillet. A lot in Vincennes, twenty-five toises square, joining said Barsadon on one side and Vital Boucher on the other, and to two streets, sold by Joseph Drouen. Four arpents in front by the ordinary depth, on the west side of the Wabash, one side to lands of Deshom, on the other by Pierre Racine, on the third by Andrew Racine, on the fourth by the Wabash, sold by Francis Racine. Robert Buntin, a house and lot in Vincennes, front to the Wabash, back to the Indian fields, one side by Maonaam, on the other by Francis the Cat's Paw, about one acre in length each way. Another lot, and the buildings thereon, in Vincennes, eighty feet in front, and running from the road on the bank of the Wabash to the street St. Louis, one side by lands late of Antoine Marie, on the other by Henry Richard, sold by Maonaam to Richard and wife; two arpents of land by forty deep, on the north side of the Wabash, opposite the Indian village, one side to Du Cherme, the other to Baradi, being a part of four arpents granted by St. Marie to Pierre Barthe. Samuel Baird, one arpent of land in front by forty deep, on the north side of St. Jerome River, running from the river, and leaving a public road on the bank thereof, according to the custom, joining Pierre Cournoye on one side and Joseph Brossard on the other, with a house thereon. Jacob Howell, a lot in Vincennes twenty-five toises square, on the south and west to streets, on the east by David Howell, and north by another street. Michael Barrackman, a lot in Vincennes in the common, twenty-five toises square, on the north and east by streets, on the south by John Day, and on the west by William Morrison. Christopher Wyant claims four hundred acres of land on the head of the south fork of the little river of Mill Creek, one side to Charles Langelo, the other by vacant lands bought of Louis Levron Mettye; it has been proved to Col. Sargent that there was ancient possession upon this tract of one hundred and sixty arpents; this quantity, therefore, must be surveyed for Wyant. The heirs of Joseph Tougas, six arpents of land in front and fifty deep, situated at the Terre Noire, bounded by Nicholas Barjaron on one side.

the quantity must not, however, exceed 160 arpents, but upon good proof it was originally more. A piece of land on the river Du Chien, and another at Bois Jaune. No boundaries for those are mentioned ; endeavor to govern yourself by the old ones ; they must not, at any rate, exceed 1(30 arpents each. Henry Vanderburg, a piece of land, twelve arpents, more or less, being a part of sundry fields formerly the lands of the Piankeshaws, containing, in the whole, about nineteen arpents, lying at the east of the village of Vincennes; bounded westerly by T. Doyle, north by Francis Bosseron, and others ; sold by Simon Spring. A piece of land containing, of two fields joining each other in the old Indian village, sixty toises on one side and forty on the other, bounded in front by the street where Du Betz lives, and on the rear partly by the fields of Alebomane, and partly by that of Nisbreche ; part of Samuel Bradley's lot on one side, and on the other the field of Saspacona and Nez du Carbin; sold by the Nez du Carbin to Pierre Gamelin. A piece of land, two arpents in front, in the prairie of the Grand Marais, and forty arpents deep, joining on one side lands now or late of Jean Baptiste Perrot, and vacant land on the other side. John Savage, a piece of land, four arpents in front and forty deep, lying on the mill run ; bounded on the east by Bellow, and on the northwest and south by vacant lands. Charles Chartres, 400 acres of land upon the river Du Chien, to the east of Cardinal ; bounded south by the river, and west by Louis ; granted by the court of Vincennes to Jean Marie le Grand, February 19, 1781; by him transferred to Small, by Small to Chartiers, and mortgaged to Small for the purchase money; the original concession lost; the record in point apparently falsified, 1785 being changed to 1781. No survey to be made of this till proof of the early date be established - a forgery. Jean d'Argilleure, called St. Pierre, a lot in Vincennes, twenty -five toises on one side and twenty on the other, joining Pierre Gamelin on one side, a street on the other, the Widow Bosseron on the third ; granted by Lieut. Ramsey to Jacque la Tremouille, November 9, 1768. Jacob Pea, 160 acres of lands bought of Frederick Bergen, granted by the court in 1783, and on which he lived in 1795. Benjamin Beckes claims 400 arpents by a grant to Moses Carter, in the year 1780, and conveyed to him regularly. It seems this or a part thereof is within the donation tract; if so, it must be satisfied adjoining the same, or otherwise laid off agreeable to the expression of the concession. The heirs of Francis Bosseron claim a piece of land, ten arpents by forty, one side to Vaudrey, the other to Lefevere, granted to Bosseron, by the court, in 1785. This has been well improved, and in the year 1790 it was promised by Col. Sargent that, should it fall within the donation tract, he should receive an equal quantity adjoining the same, the survey to be made accordingly. Four hundred acres of land on the river Du Chien, bounded on the west by Hainton, and on three other sides by vacant lands ; granted originally to Thomas Jones. If this has fallen in the additional donation tract, the heirs must be satisfied by lands adjoining the same. Michael Bronliett, a piece of land upon the northeast of Vincennes, on the Chemin du Glaize, joining Charles Villeneuve and Jacque Cardinal, occupied by permission from the court, in 1777, four arpents by forty. The widow of Charles Villeneuve claims a grant from the court, in 1777, of 160 arpents, about four miles east of Vincennes, and joining Brouillette upon the east. Depositions prove this, and it must be surveyed accordingly. A claim is made, for Joseph Chertier, of 400 acres of land; Chertier knows nothing thereof, but gave a quit-claim, verbally, to John Westgall, for two arpents by forty, which was once irregularly given to him by Joseph Lerche, an old inhabitant. This land lies upon the south side of the Island road, and may be surveyed for Westgall, upon his producing regular conveyance thereof from Learche, who appears to have been entitled to the same. Benjamin Beckes claims 400 acres of land at the forks of the river Du Chien ; the river upon the east, Asturgas on the west, vacant lands on the south. This, by a grant from the court, January 22, 1785; survey for him 200 acres, English measure. A piece of land, by purchase from Frangois Mallet, lying on the Poplar Bidge, of four arpents by forty; granted by St. Ange, 1760. Joshua Harbin, a piece of land on the river Du Chien, and the island Trace, of four arpents by forty, granted by the court, February 16, 1785, to Bordelaux, by him to Vigo, and from Vigo to Harbin. This piece of land was given by St. Ange to Bordelaux more than thirty years ago. For John B. Delorie four arpents by forty, about ten arpents from the lowest con-

"The heirs of Peter Cannoyer, ten lots, of twenty-five toises square each, situated east of Vincennes, a part of the old Indian lands, and a house and lot, one side to St. Louis Street, the other to the Wabash; Vigo at one end, Marechall on the other. Four arpents by forty, claimed by conveyances from Eouissant and Lemay. By the oath of Mr. Pierre Gamelin, it appears the same was granted upward of thirty years ago, and improved ever since. Henry Vanderburgh, by a conveyance from the heirs of Jean Baptiste La Guard, four arpents by forty, lying on the front line of the donation allotted by St. Ange to La Guard thirty-five years ago. Toussaint Dubois, two arpents by forty, on the southwest by Pierre Carter, on the northeast by Jean Baptiste Ouilette, by a concession from the court, 1783, to Pierre Kerre, and from Kerre to him. Seven arpents by fifty, situated below the little rock on the Wabash, bounded on both sides by vacant lands, and granted in 1759, by St. Ange to Marie, Joseph, Richard and Widow Autire; by the heirs assigned to Pierre. Gamelin, by Gamelin to Dubois and Vigo, and by Vigo to Dubois. Four arpents by forty, at the rock, beginning on the Wabash, granted by the court to Pierre Gamelin, 1783, and assigned by him to Dubois. Four arpents by forty, joining the aforesaid tract, granted by the court, 1783, to Pierre Gamelin, Jr., and by him also assigned to Dubois. Isaac Decker claims 400 arpents on White River, under a concession from the court of June, 1784; from consideration of the improvements, the whole granted. Joseph Decker claims four arpents by forty, on the north side of the Wabash, granted, in 1780, to Hannah Dalton, and assigned to him from Val. Thorn. Dalton, and wife Hannah. Thomas Jones claims one and threequarters of an arpent of land by forty deep, on the north side of the Wabash, by purchase from Du Charme, who purchased of Ruissient, who purchased from Bosseron; Bosseron's grant believed to have been from St. Marie, 1772. Henry Vanderburgh, two arpents by forty, in the lower prairie, purchased from old Louis Levron, called Mettie. Mrs. Gremare obtained this from St. Marie, and sold to Levron, who sells to Vanderburgh. Moses Decker claims four arpents by forty on the north side of the Wa- bash; this, a grant from the court in 1783, to Andre Robinson. Dalton assigns it to Decker, but there is no assignment to Dalton. It may be surveyed, but cannot be conveyed to Decker till this error is corrected. Jean Baptiste Vilray, four arpents by forty, on the river Embarras, joining Joseph Page on the south, by a grant from the court, March 14, 1782. The heirs of Mainard Arturgus, 400 arpents in the forks of Du Chi, joining Moses Henry on one side, Benjamin Beckes on another, Johnson on another, and Countzs on the other; by a grant from the court in 1785, From the state of improvements in 1791, and other causes, the whole of this is granted. James Johnson, Esquire, claims nine acres in front (more or less) and forty deep, situated on the fork road, bounded in front by Toussaint Codere, and on the other side by vacant land, purchased from Perodo, who had it in right of his wife, sister to Denoyon, who received it from St. Ange more than thirty years ago.

" Kobert Mays claims 400 acres by a grant from the court in 1784, situated between the river Du Chien and White Biver, one side to Matssou south, north and east by vacant lands. From the state of improvement certified to me, you are to survey for this claim one hundred acres English measure. John Small, four arpents by forty, granted by the court to Cardine, June 12, 1782, on Saw Mill Run, joining Amelin. Cardine sold to Jones, and Jones to Martin, as appears from the testimony of Esqvrire Johnson and John Doret; and a bill of sale from Martin appears to Thomas Small, whose heir is John Small, the claimant. Charles Thorn, by a grant from the court, June 25, 1781, four arpents by forty ; front on the Wabash, on the south and southwest by James Bourne, and on the north and northeast by John Beckey. Michael Thorn, by a grant from the court, May 15, 1783, claims four hundred arpents, which has fallen in the donation tract; the same to be satisfied where he now lives, provided it does not interfere with any legal claim. Tobias Decker claims four hundred acres, settled upon by permission of the court, which he proves to have been given in 1785, and then, and before 1791, a number of fruit trees had been planted there, and several houses built; some two or more acres of corn planted, and other improvements. One hundred acres of land to be surveyed for him ; he now lives upon the land. Allen Ramsay, a case exactly like the former; living now upon his claim. One hundred acres thereof to be surveyed for him. Jacque Coteau, by a grant of the court in 1782, at the black grounds on tbe Embarras, joining to Vilray, four hundred arpents. Samuel Watkins, by a grant from the court, of 1782, four arpents by forty, on the other side the river Du Chien, joining the Cypress Swamp. William Hall claims four arpents by forty, a grant from the court of 1780, on the Wabash ; one side to Jabee Ruland, another to Gabriel Le Grand. William Hall claims four arpents by forty, by a court grant of 1781, on the Wabash; one side to Louis Paine, another side to Thomas Hall. Louis Paine, four arpents by forty, granted by the court, 1781, on the Wabash; joining William Hall on one side, and Depree on the other. Thomas Hall, four arpents by forty, granted in 1781, on the Wabash; joining William Hall on one side, and Henry Cotton on another. Robert Johnson claims four hundred and forty arpents on the river Du Chien, granted by the court to Felix Countz, December, 1783, assigned to Pierre Gamelin, June 16, 1789, for four hundred arpents, and by him to Johnson. Four hundred arpents to be surveyed for Johnson.

Four arpents by forty in the common and at the end of Lafoe's tract; one side to Moses Henry, the other to vacant land, by a court grant of 1783, to Henry Stophe, by him assigned to Ann Collins, widow of Moses Henry, now said Johnson's wife. If it should be in the tract reserved by Congress for the commons, it must not be surveyed. Four arpents by forty, granted, in 1783, to Martin Leche, on the north side of Wabash, below the little village; one side to Martin Spetch, and the other to Henry Spetch, conveyed to the widow Ann Collins, now Johnson's wife. R. Johnson also claims four arpents by forty, granted to Moses Henry in 1783 ; bounded northeast by Cardinal, southwest by Johnson, on the north side of Wabash. This to be surveyed and deeded to Moses Henry's heirs. Barclay Hoche, four arpents by forty, north side of the Wabash, below the Little Prairie, by Dalton on one side, vacant lands on the other; grant of the court in 1783. John Rice Jones, four hundred arpents on the north side of the river Du Chien ; one side to Countz, south by the said river, the two other sides by vacant lands; by assignment from Dalton, to whom the land was granted December, 1783. Four arpents by forty on the north side of the Wabash, within a league of the village; granted by the court to Dalton, November, 1780, and assigned to Jones by Dalton. Thomas Mallet claims two grants from St. Ange, dated in 1700. One of them from St. Ange is four arpents by forty on the river Du Chien, along the Island tract, and to be surveyed; the other not intelligible. If it can be explained, and should not exceed four arpents by forty, it may also be surveyed. Observe if warrants of survey have not been before entered for those tracts. It is believed the claims were exhibited to the governor. Daniel Sullivan, four arpents by forty, on the banks of the Wabash, one side to Kuland, and another to William Hall; granted to John Bailey in June, 1782, assigned to Sullivan. John Askin, two arpents by forty, north side of the river Wabash, by purchase from Ettienne St. Marie, who held under Joseph Rivet; sold by decree of the court. Rivet purchased of Boisverd. Supposed to have been a part of Bosseron's grant. Jacque Latramoux, four arpents by forty, at the end of the second concession; one side to Baptiste Dubois. Angelique Racine, four arpents by forty, at the Big Hill, granted and allotted to her father, Frangois Racine, upward of thirty years ago, about three miles east of Vincennes. John Small claims four hundred arpents between the rivers Bosseron and Marie ; on the west to Thomas Small, on the south and east by vacant land, on the north by Richard; granted in 1785 by the court. Some small improvements are made to appear; survey for him fifty acres English. Thomas Small claims four hundred acres between the rivers Bosseron and Marie ; granted as the former ; in the situation also of the former ; survey also to satisfy the same, fifty acres. John Small appears the heir of Thomas. Robert Buntin claims four hundred acres on the big hill, about three miles northeast of Vincennes, on the road leading to the lick, by purchase from Jacque Cardinal. By the oath of Esquire Edeline, it is proved that Cardinal had permission to take up this land, and that in 1782 and 1791, there were upon it twenty acres under good cultivation; to be satisfied by four hundred arpents. Robert Johnson, four arpents by forty, in the common at the church land, by a court grant of 1783 to Moses Henry, and Ann, his wife, now tbe wife of Johnson. If in the tract reserved as commons by the United States, must not be surveyed. Patrick Simpson claims four hundred acres by purchase from Racine, where he now lives. Seven acres and a half only seem to have been conveyed even by Racine to Simpson. This must be surveyed for Simpson. The heirs of Paul Gamelin, four arpents by forty, granted in 1783 to Paul Gamelin, being part of a general division of a thirty-two acre tract, which was subdivided into four arpents for eight grantees ; lying at the rock above Vincennes. For the minor children of Antoine Danis and Josete Naux, a tract of land on the White Oak level, about four miles from Vincennes, four arpents by forty; a grant from St. Ange. If this is out of the commons it must be surveyed conformably to the ancient boundaries.

"Cincinnati, January 8, 1798. "The following you will be pleased to consider as a supplement to my warrants for survey in Knox County, bearing date the 23d of October, 1797 : For Abraham Decker, claiming four hundred arpents between the river Du Chien and White River, and joining to Benjamin Beckes by a court grant of March 20, 1785, and some small improvements thereupon; the grant was to John Decker, his father, and assigned by Luke Decker, the heir at law, to the said Abraham ; survey fifty acres. For Francois Barrais, six arpents by forty in the Cathalinette, one side to Dumais, and another to the common, granted by Lieut. Rumsey, July 24, 17G8, to St. Perthuion, and by him assigned to the said Barrais; survey the same. For Guilliam Page, four arpents by forty on the river Embarras, joining on one side to Joseph Page, by a court grant of the 14th of March, 1782; survey the same. For Joseph Page, four arpents by forty on the Embarras, joining Guilliam Page, by a court grant March 14, 1782; survey the same. For Laurent Barsadon, four arpents by forty, on the north side of the Wabash, one side to Ducharm and another to Lamotte, and nearly opposite the fort, by purchase from the heirs of Jean Baptiste Racine, once commandant of Vincennes, and who improved the same twenty-five years past; survey the same. For Joseph Lamotte, four arpents by forty, joining the above tract, by purchase from Racine's heirs also, and proved by him to have been cultivated as the former; survey the same. For George Rogers Clark, three hundred and twenty arpents on the north side of the Wabash, in the grand prairie of the little village, beginning on the river, by a court grant in the year 1781; survey the same. For Antoine Marechall, two arpents by forty on the west of the village, and joining the lower prairie, beginning on the Wabash and running back to the Cathalinette swamp, on the east to Andrew Montpleseur, and on the west to William Page, by purchase from Andrew Coder, to whom it was assigned by the Commandant Racine twenty years past; survey the same. Guilliam Page, two arpents by forty, joining the lower prairie, beginning on the Wabash and running back to the Cathalinette swamp, one side to Coder, another to vacant lands, granted to him by the commandant, Mr. St. Marie ; survey the same. Laurent Barsadon, one lot in town, twelve toises by twenty-five, joining Cardinal on one side, and Dubois on the other, by purchase from Turner Vachet, who held from Andrew St. Dezier, who possessed by exchange with Mr. Brouillette; to be surveyed, but the right of Brouillette must be determined before a deed will issue. One other lot, twenty-five toises square, by purchase from Dubois, who purchased from Louis Browne in 1773, one side Barsadon's land, another to Bouche, and two others to streets; this also may be surveyed, but Browne's title must be ascertained before a deed can issue. The heirs of Peter Barrackman, four hundred arpents on the waters of the river Du Chien, granted by the court the 10th of March, 1782, to John Cardine; by him sold to St. Pierre, the cure of Illinois, and by him assigned to Elizabeth, the wife of Peter Barrackman ; survey the same. Also one other tract of four hundred arpents on the waters of the river Du Chien, granted by the court the 10th of March, 1782, to Louis Cardine, by him assigned to St. Pierre, and by St. Pierre to Elizabeth, the wife of Peter Barrackman; survey the same. The heirs of Peter Barrackman claim, also, four hundred acres more upon the waters of the river Du Chien, adjoining the before named tracts, by a grant from the court, the 10th of May, 1785 ; as there were early and considerable improvements on this tract, two hundred acres may be surveyed to satisfy the claim. They claim, also, one lot in the back part of the town, twenty-five toises square, by a court grant of 1785, which is to be surveyed, the eame having been considerably improved. Peter Barrackman, Jr., claims a lot joining the same, granted also in 1785, upon which are considerable improvements ; if it does not exceed the common size of the lots it is to be surveyed. Phillip Catt claims four hundred arpents taken up by permission, and an order of court for survey of the same in 1785 in favor of Christian Hoik, from whom he has purchased some small improvements, which were early made upon this place; therefore fifty acres may be surveyed to satisfy the same. Eobert Day claims a lot in the rear of Vincennes, twenty-five toises square, in virtue of a court grant of 1785; if there are improvements upon this lot it may be surveyed. William Howell claims a lot, under the same authority as the former, of twenty-five toises. Jacob Howell claims a lot of twenty-five toises, situated and circumstanced as William Howell's; they may both be surveyed if they have been improved. Nicholas Chappard, two arpents on the Wabash, south of the village, and running back to the Cathalinette swamp, one side to Lalemere, by an old grant from St. Marie; survey the same. Isaac Miner, four arpents by forty on the north side of the Wabash, at the little village, by a grant of the court, in December, 1783, to Henry Spoch, conveyed by him through his attorney, Antoine Gamelin, to Ann Collins, widow of Moses Henry, and now the wife of Eobert Johnson, and by Eobert Johnson to said Miner; survey the same. Antoine Lalemere, two arpents by forty, joining Chappard's tract, and running back to the Cathalinette, by an old grant from St. Marie; survey the same. Daniel Smith, four arpents by forty, at the Eock, by a court grant of 1783, to Bonday, and sold by him, through his attorney, Gamelin, to Levrie, and by him to Murphy, and by Murphy to the said Smith ; survey the same. Alexander Vallee claims four arpents by forty on the Wabash, below the EockT joining on one side to Latulippe, by a grant from the court in 1785; some small improvements having been made, survey, to satisfy the claim, twenty-five acres.

"Margaret Bolon, widow of Antoine Marie, claims four arpents by forty, on the Wabash, bounded on the southwest, to her husband, by a grant of 1785, from the court to her for services in interpreting the Indian language or tongue ; unless some improvements can be proved, or the case be a most special one, it is not probable this claim can be granted. The one other tract of similar quantity and adjoining, claimed by her as granted unto her husband, is exactly alike circumstanced. John Day claims a lot of twenty-five toises square, back of the town, by a court grant of 1785, which is to be surveyed if it has been improved. William Morrison, four arpents by forty, north side of the Wabash, at the little village, granted to Robert Jennings in the year 1783, and by him assigned to Jones, and by him to the said Morrison ; survey the same. Joseph Baird claims three several tracts of four arpents by forty, each, said to have been granted by the court in 1783 to Nicholas Joseph and Alexis Edeline. Query: Were they then minors ? were they capable of improving lands ? or was the grant intended as an imposition ? The court never possessed the right to make grants, and all confirmations, on or before 1783 (after Virginia had assumed the government), must be passed to the account of generosity. It is a pity those claims were not before exhibited, and they must be better understood before they are confirmed. Samuel Baird, one arpent by forty on the north side of the Wabash, one side to Connoyer, and the other to Joseph Bresaid, by purchase from St. Jean, called Detard, who purchased from Louis Lemay on the 15th of October, 1787 ; Lemay's title to be proved previous to an order of survey. Ann Dalton, wife of T. Dalton, four arpents by forty on the north side of the Wabash, by a grant in 1783 (supposed to be a court grant), and assigned by T. Dalton, on the 11th of May, 1784, to Adam Shoemaker, and by him to Daniel Barton, who is supposed to be the claimant if he has not forfeited by absence; it must be surveyed. The heirs of Jean Baptiste Beaux Chein, 160 arpents of land joining the donation ; survey the same agreeably to old boundaries, it appearing to have been very early with the family. The heirs of Daniel Sullivan claim four arpents by forty in the river Du Chien prairie, where the station formerly stood. It appears from Mr. Decker's testimony that the written claim to this land is supposed to have been lost or mislaid at the time Col. Sargent formerly examined the claims at Vincennes. Every paper relating to the lands in that quarter, which was presented, has been recorded or entered; there were very many from Sullivan but this is not in the number; there would be risk in ordering it to be surveyed for the heirs at this time. George Catt, two arpents by forty on the river Du Chien prairie, by concession of the government twenty-five years past to Francis Lamar, and who exchanged the same with Pierre Gramaud, who sold it to Luke Decker, from whom the said Catt purchased it ; survey the same. Lawrence Slouter, four arpents by forty, granted by the court in 1781, on the north side of the Wabash, one side to Le Grand; survey the same. Moses Decker, 400 arpents between White River and Du Chien; although there appears to have been early improvements upon this tract, yet, as no authority is produced for entry or occupancy, it cannot be surveyed. Abraham Decker, Jr., 400 arpents in the White River prairie, by a court grant of 1784, and joining to Isaac Decker. It being proved that there were considerable and early improvements upon this tract, 200 acres must be surveyed to satisfy the claim. Patrick Simpson's claim of seven and a half arpents by forty, upon which he lives, being an old grant to Racine, from whose heirs he purchased it, you must survey it; and, if I mistake not, this, your application for the same, is a second, and this also my second warrant of survey for Simpson's land. This claim of Simpson's is the last you have transmitted me, and, I trust, I am now through this disagreeable business. I have endeavored to do justice to the United States and also to individuals, and to deal generously by them. I suppose copies of the claims you have transmitted me are kept ; upon those where I have observed silence a total rejection must be understood; and amongst them for such as were in the donation tract, notwithstanding small improvements which may have been evidenced, it was out of my power to order the smallest compensation, though I did this, in one or two instances, at Vincennes, where I had so pledged myself, previous to the order for laying off the tract as a matter of general accommodation. In all cases where I have conditionally ordered surveys, it will be necessary that you state to me with your returns that the conditions have been complied with ; that is, that improvements are made where such are required, and that the claim of conveyance, etc., is produced to make titles complete. "I am, sir, your humble servant,

Miscellaneous Events Of Importance

At Vincennes, January 19, 1802, William Henry Harrison wrote to James Madison, Secretary of State, that the court of Todd in 1779 and onward assumed the right to grant land to all applicants; that they did this for a time without opposition, and concluded that, as they were not interrupted, they could continue as they pleased ; that finally the whole country, to which the Indian title was supposed to be extinguished, was divided between the members of the court and perhaps others, and that on the day of voting each member absented himself from the consideration of his own case that it might appear the act of his fellows only; that the tract thus disposed of extended on the Wabash River twenty-four leagues from La Pointe Coupee" to the mouth of White River, and forty leagues west and thirty east, excluding the land only surrounding Vincennes, which had been before granted to the amount of 20,000 to 30,000 acres; that the authors of this division soon perceived, if not at first, that their course was illegal and the scheme was abandoned, but was revived a few years before 1802, and portions of the land purchased by speculators and sold fraudulently to Eastern settlers; that upward of 500 persons had settled, or would soon settle upon these lands in consequence of these frauds, having bought their claims sometimes for a song - a rifle or a poor horse having been given in exchange for 1,000 acres ; that the owners pretended that the court had ample authority from Virginia to grant the land, and had all necessary documents to validate the claims; that speculators had gone to Virginia, had secured a deed for a large tract, had had it recorded and duly authenticated, and had then made their fraudulent transfers to the credulous.

It was a long time before the results of these fraudulent practices were quieted and settlers felt that their claims were secured. All claims were made under the acts of Congress of August 29, 1788, and March 3, 1791. By act of Congress of March 26, 1804, claim commissioners were appointed to examine all claims to land at Vincennes. They were divided as follows:* First, claims which had been decided on and confirmed by the governors; second, claims founded upon Indian purchases and unusual grants made by the court. Under the former division were, first, claims founded under ancient grants or possessions under the French or British Governments ; second, claims founded on supposed grants from the courts; third, claims to the donations of 400 acres as heads of families on or before 1783; fourth, claims to the donation of 100 acres as militiamen enrolled in the militia August 1, 1790, and had done militia duty. It required many years to clear the clouds from the titles.

The ordinance of 17S7 was passed August 13, and on the following October 5 Congress elected Arthur St. Clair, governor of the Northwest Territory, and Winthrop Sargent, secretary, and eleven days later appointed Samuel H. Parsons, John Armstrong and James M. Varnum, judges. January 16, 1788, Armstrong resigned and John C. Symmes was chosen. In the following summer St. Clair, Varnum and Parsons, at Marietta, Ohio, enacted a number of laws which were not approved by Congress, as the governor and judges, in their legislative capacity, had only authority to adopt existing laws from the codes of the original States, and could not enact new laws.* St. Clair was reappointed governor, and Winthrop Sargeant, secretary, August 20, 1789, and on the same day S. H. Parsons, J. C. Symmes and William Barton, were reappointed judges. George Turner soon succeeded Barton, and in March, 1790, Rufus Putnam succeeded Parsons (deceased). Return J. Meigs succeeded Turner in 1798. Joseph Gillman succeeded Putnam in 1796. In July, 1790, Sargent, secretary and acting governor, Symmes and Turner met at Vincennes and enacted a few laws, one to curtail or prevent the sale of liquor, suppress gambling, etc., and later enacted others; but these laws were all void ab initio, as the officers had no power to enact laws - -could only adopt fi-om the codes of the older States - though the laws thus enacted by them were enforced to a greater or less extent for some time. The Maxwell code, published in Cincinnati in 1795, was a selection of laws from the older States, which code soon drove from existence the so-called enactments of the Territorial Legislature. Knox County was formed during the spring or early summer of 1790. In 1796 the Northwest Territory comprised four counties: Washington, with county seat at

Mariette, Ohio ; Hamilton, with seat at Cincinnati ; St. Clair, with seat at Kaskaskia, and Knox, with seat at Vincennes. Samuel Baird did much of the early surveying at Vincennes. All claims under unlawful grants were rejected, but persons who had made improvements under the impression that Todd and the court had authority to grant the lands were given the right to pre-empt such lands. The grantors charged $4 for each grant, and seemed to have the question of perquisites more in view than the right to grant, while grantees wanted large bodies of land for little consideration.* In 1742 the French secured from the Indian tribes a grant of the lands at Vincennes and vicinity "lying between the point above (Pointe Coupee" en haut) and the river Blanche below the village, with as much land on both sides of the Wabash as might be comprised within the said limits, f In 1763 this country passed to the British Government, and in 1783, at the close of the Revolution, to the United States. From about the end of the year 1785 to about two years after the treaty of Greenville (1797), Vincennes was in the center of a hostile Indian country. Farms could not be cultivated in safety, and the inhabitants, though many were connected by ties of blood to the Indians, were encompassed by daily perils.

HIRAM ANTIBUS, one of the farmers of Washington Township, is son of Conrad and Catherine Antibus ; both parents were natives of Maryland. There they grew to years of inahirity, were married and lived for some years, when they moved to Pennsylvania. From Pennsylvania they went to Ohio, and later in life moved to Owen County, Ind., where the father died about 1835. After the war the mother went to Illinois with a daughter ; there died in 1866. By occupation the father was a blacksmith, which calling he followed during his entire life. The mother was a member of the Christian Church. The father was a Whig in politics. He was a soldier of the war of 1812, and while in Pennsylvania, filled the office of sheriff. Hiram's ancestors on his father's side were English, on his mother's German. Of such ancestry was born the subject of our sketch in 1834, in Owen County. In boyhood he went to school but little, on account of having to support a widowed mother, but since he has improved himself by reading. He lived with his mother until twenty years of age, when he took a trip West, visiting Dakota, Nebraska and Kansas. After an absence of five years he returned, considerably better off financially. After returning he ran an engine in the mill in Edwardsport, and from that went to saw-milling. In 1861 he enlisted in Company I, Nineteenth Indiana Infantry; he volunteered to sacrifice his life for the Union. He was at Bull's Run, Antietam, South Mountain, Wilderness and Gettysburg. At Petersburg, Va., he received a flesh wound from a minie-ball, but remained at his post. After three years of faithful service he returned, bearing an honorable discharge. Having come home he resumed his trade as sawyer, at which he has worked from time to time since. In 1871 he bought 120 acres of land in this township; since, by hard work and good management, has increased his farm to 196 acres, all under fence. In 1872 he was married to Laura Miller, born in 1852; they became the parents of these children: Anna, Sallie, Rebecca, Nellie, Brigham and Robert. Politically he is independent, voting for the man regardless of party

JOSEPH BAIRD, the oldest man now living who was born in Knox County, is a son of Thomas and Jane (Johnson) Baird. The father was born in 1749, in Pennsylvania. The mother, a native of the same State, was born in 1764; both had been married once before. After their companions were taken away both moved to Kentucky, where they were married 1791. Having lived there till 1801 they came to this county, where they spent the remainder of their days. The father was a farmer, owning 200 acres of land. In this family were fifteen children, the mother having three by her first marriage ; the father sis, and by their marriage also six. Both were members of the Presbyterian Church. He was one of the sturdy old patriots who fought in the Revolutionary war. In 1834 he died at the ripe old age of eight-five. The mother died in 1850. Joseph's ancestors, on both sides, were of Irish descent. He'was born in 1805 in Vincennes Township. In boyhood he had only the advantage of the old time subscription schools. He lived with his father till twenty-eight years of age ; was then married, in 1833, to Nancy L. Johnson, born in 1811, in Kentucky. She is a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Martin) Johnson. To them two children were born: Thomas J., and Samuel J. Thomas died when a child. Samuel was one of the brave boys of Company H, Fifty-first Indiana Infantry. Husband and wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Baird has been one of the most active and trustworthy business men of his vicinity, having been guardian for thirty-four orphan children, and turned over to them more than §60,000. Soon after marriage he settled on the farm of 196 acres, where he now lives. When he located it was nearly all in the woods and destitute of buildings. By hard work he has put it all under fence, and has 100 acres in cultivation. As a farmer he has been quite successful. He is a man ever ready to support the worthy enterprises of his community, and as a citizen he is widely known and highly respected. Mr. Baird is a stanch Republican. He voted first for J. Q. Adams.

HUGH BARB, one of the leading farmers of Washington Township, is a son of Robert and Hannah (Johnson) Barr. His father was born in Bourbon County, Ky., in 1792, and his mother was born in the same county in the same year, and there they grew to years of maturity and were married. In 1810, soon after their marriage, they immigrated to Daviess County, Ind., but from fear of massacre by the Indians, returned to their native county, Mrs. Barr carrying her first born on horseback. Not long after this, however, they returned to Daviess County and settled in Barr Township, where they lived until 1856, when they removed to Knox County to spend the remainder of their days with their son Hugh. They were the parents of eight children - six boys and two girls, all of the former except Hugh being farmers, in this respect following in the footsteps of their father. He was a member of the Christian Church, joining it at the age of sixty-three, a rare instance of conversion at an old age. Mr. Barr was a member of the Mississippi Baptist Church. Politically he was an old line Whig until the organization of the Republican party, when he became a supporter1 of its principles. Grandfather Barr was probably a native of Ireland, and served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war, being taken prisoner when Gen. Gates was defeated. Grandfather Johnson also fought in the same war and was a native of Germany. Of such ancestry was born the subject of this sketch in Barr- Township in 1817. In boyhood he enjoyed very limited educational advantages, not having attended school in all more than five months, and during that time scarcely learned to read and write. At the age of sixteen he was hired out to work in a still-house, in which he remained seven years, notwithstanding which experience he did not contract a bad habit. Having accumulated a capital of $281, he desired to engage in merchandising. During the seven years he worked in the still-house he so won the confidence of his employer that now he invested some $600 with Mr. Barr's $281, and entrusted the management to him. With this small capital he stocked up in 1840 in Bruceville. Two years later Mr. Barr became sole proprietor. Some time after he engaged in flat-boating to New Orleans, making eight trips. For thirty years he continued the mercantile business in Bruceville, and for two years he ran a store at Bicknell. About 1846 Mr. Barr purchased seventy acres of land, and by close attention to business and good management he increased the number of acres to 350. In 1842 Mr. Barr was married to Martha B. McClure, a native of Washington Township, Daviess County, and a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Gowens) McClure. Both parents were from Kentucky, being among the early settlers of Knox County. To Mr. and Mrs. Barr have been born eight children : DanielJ., Robert N., Alice, Henry C, Ann B., Mary R, Joseph H. and John L. Those living are Henry C, one of the proprietors of a large flouring-mill at Princeton; Joseph H, a farmer of Washington Township; Alice, Ann B. and Mary F. Mrs. Barr died in 1882. Three years afterward Mr. Barr was married to Kate (Beckes) Nugent, who was born in 1833 in Johnson Township. Mr. Nugent was a Presbyterian minister, and both Mrs. Nugent's parents were natives of the county. Mr. Barr is a stanch Republican, and cast his first vote for Gen. Harrison for President. Both himself and wife are professing Christians, he being a member of the Christian Church and she of the Presbyterian. When the Hyatt & Co. Savings Bank failed two assignees were appointed, Mr. Barr and William Hyatt. Mr. Hyatt having died Mr. Barr was left to perform the arduous task alone.

ROBERT P. BARR, one of the prominent farmers of Washington Township, and a son of Robert and Hannah (Johnson) Barr, was born in 1827 in Daviess County, Ind. In boyhood he had limited advantages for education, attending only the old subscription schools, and to them would go about two days and stay at home three. At the age of twenty, his parents being poor, young Robert paid his father for the remainder of the time his services were due, and began to battle his own way in the world, working by the month. For five years he thus worked, saving $90 in the meantime. On such a capital he set up housekeeping. In 1851 he was married to Matilda Gude, born in Washington Township, 1829. She is a daughter of Jesse and Ann (Farris) Gude. To Mr. and Mrs. Barr five children were born: Martha J., William, Robert, Alfred and Mary. Robert is one of the rising young teachers of Washington Township, and also carries on farming. Martha is the wife of George Elliott, a farmer of the township. Husband, wife and two of the children are members of the Christian Church. About 1854 Mr. Barr purchased 160 acres of land where he now lives, going in debt for the entire amount, his brother Hugh promising to aid him. He was then taken sick, and so remained for one whole year. So thoroughly discouraged was he that he went to Hugh and offered to give a mortgage on the farm, thinking he could never pay for it; but his brother said for him to try again, he was not afraid of his failure. Thus encouraged he began, and not only paid for that land but has increased his farm to 260 acres, of which some 200 acres are under cultivation. As to political views Mr. Barr is a stanch Republican and cast his first vote for Taylor. As a farmer he has been quite successful. He is an example of what a young man of determination can do.

WILLIAM V. BARR, one of the merchants of Bruceville, is a son of William Valentine and Sarah J. (Piety) Barr. The father was born in 1825, in Daviess County. The mother is a native of Washington Township, Knox County. When young he came to this county, and, having married, settled in Bruceville, where he spent the remainder of his days in tailoring, being quite successful in business. In 1854 the father died. Some ten years later the mother married J. M. Woodruff. Since her marriage she has lived in Johnson County. Subject is the youngest of the two children of his father. Born in Bruceville, in 1854, he grew to manhood under his mother's care. His educational advantages were limited to the common schools and a term's work at Butler University. At the age of nineteen he began to battle his own way in the world by working on the farm for wages. After thus working for some four years he purchased a farm of 140 acres of land and began farming for him- self, continuing till 1883, when he sold his land and took a half interest in the store known as Willis & Barr. In 1877 he was married to Rebecca Willis, born in 1856 in Washington Township. She is a daughter of Clark and Nancy J. ( Simpson ) Willis. To Mr. and Mrs. Barr four children were born: Jennie, Walter G, Elsie M. and Myrtle. Both husband and wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Barr is a supporter of Republican principles, and cast his first vote for Garfield. As a business man he has met with fair success, having a good share of the respect and confidence of the community.

JOSEPH H. BARR, one of the rising young farmers of Knox County, Ind., is son of Hugh and Martha (McClure) Barr, and was born in Washington Township in 1861. He had good educational advantages in his younger days, and completed his course at the Bruceville High School. At the age of twenty-one he began farming for himself on his father's place, and a year later was married to Susie B. Kelso, born in 1861 in Dubois County, Ind. She is a daughter of Lemuel S. and Sarah (Chappell) Kelso. Mr. and Mrs. Barr are the parents of these two children: Hugh and Sarah. Mrs. Barr is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and Mr. Barr is a stanch Republican, casting his first vote for Blaine. After marriage they moved on a farm of 186 acres given them by Mr. Barr's father. In addition they have charge of 189 acres, which makes them a good farm. Mr. Barr devotes much of his time to raising cattle, disposing of about 150 yearly. He has met with good success, and promises to make a business man equal to his father.

HERMAN B. BARROWS was bom in Albion, 111., in 1823. His parents, Herman and Mary (Kurtz) Barrows, were born in Massachusetts and Pennsylvania in 1788 and 1798, respectively. The mother, at the time of her marriage in 1811, was attending a boarding school, where girls were supposed to have very delicate appetites. Though only thirteen years of age, she contrived to make her escape, and married our subject's father. They soon after came to Evansville, Ind., where the father worked at brickmaking, and erected the first court house ever put up in that city. They finally settled in Illinois, where they lived until the father's death. On a trip down the Mississippi he was taken with yellow fever, from which he died, in 1828. The mother was afterward twice married. She died in 1870. In boyhood our subject attended the subscription schools, and when only eleven years old hired out as cabin-boy on a boat plying on the Wabash and Ohio Rivers, and was afterward engaged as cook on a small boat. At the age of fifteen he began learning the tailors trade, and as compensation was to receive a quarter's schooling and a suit of clothes. At the end of that time he made tailoring his chief calling for about eleven years. In 1844 he was married to Eliza C, daughter of John and Mary (Hunter) Hunter, natives of North Carolina and Tennessee, respectively. In 1852 he purchased forty acres, but soon sold out and purchased 100 acres in Washington Township. He now owns 450 acres. He at first knew but little about farming, biit is now considered one of the first farmers in the county. Mr. and Mrs. Barrows became the parents of nine children: William W., Marshall H., Mary, John E., George E., Anne, Inez, Emma and Nora. William and Marshall were in the late war. George has prepared himself for the ministry at the Bible College of the Kentucky University. The family are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Barrows is conservative in politics.

JOHN T. BOYD was born in Chester District, S. O, in 1805. When young he removed to Virginia, where he was married in 1823, to Christena Arney, born in 1807. They came to Knox County, Ind., in 1832, and settled on a woodland farm. He in time became the owner of 1,250 acres of land. He was a house carpenter and cabinet-maker by trade. For a number of years he kept an agricultural implement establishment in Vincennes. For about two years he was township trustee and served as justice of the peace for some eight years. He was a man noted for his charity, and donated liberally to De Pauw University. He was a Republican and died in 1876. The mother's death occurred in 1885. Matthew S. Boyd, son of John T. Boyd, was born in Knox County, Ind., in 1848. He secured a good common school education, and remained with his parents until he was twenty-eight years of age, when he began his career as a farmer. He received 200 acres of land from his father's estate, which he cleared and improved and furnished with good buildings. In 1878 he was married to Violet Ruggles, born in 1851, daughter of Aaron and Mary M. (Wallace) Euggles, born in 1813 and 1815 in Indiana and Kentucky respectively. They spent the most of their lives in Daviess County, Ind. The father was a miller all his life with the exception of a few years spent in farming. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The mother died in 1878. The father still lives. Mr. and Mrs. Boyd are the parents of two children : Stanley and Myrtle. Both are members of the Methodist ^Episcopal Church, and he is a stanch Republican and cast his first presidential vote for U. S. Grant.

JOHN G. BOYD, a farmer of Knox County, Ind., son of John T. and Christina (Arney) Boyd, was born in 1839 in Washington Township. In boyhood he had very good opportunities of attending the old-fashioned schools. Until twenty-five years of age he staid with his father on the farm. Then he was married in 1866 to Louisa Phillippe, born in 1840. She is a daughter of Peter and Rebecca (Fox) Phillippe. Soon after marriage Mr. Boyd settled on the farm where he now lives. Having bought 200 acres in woods on credit, he went to work to clear it up and make a farm. By hard work and good management he has not only paid for it, but has cleared 140 acres and put it in a good state of cultivation. To Mr. and Mrs. Boyd three children were born: David F.. Naomi A. and Flora B. Husband, wife and all the children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Boyd is a stanch Republican and cast his first vote for Lincoln. As a farmer he has been quite successful. He is an example of what a young man of industry and good habits can accomplish.

WILLIAM BRUCE, one of the oldest settlers of Washington Township, was born in 1776 in western Pennsylvania, where he lived for eight years, and then with his parents moved to Kentucky near Louisville, then a mere village. In this State he grew to manhood, and was married in 1798 to Sallie Polke, born in 1782. She was a daughter of Charles Polke. Her mother, herself, and three older children were captured by the Indians, who would have scalped them, but they could get a higher price for prisoners than scalps. After remaining there about a year, enduring all the hardships imposed upon them by their savage foes, they were redeemed and returned to their friends. Mr. Bruce by his first wife had fifteen children. Soon after marriage he bought a small piece of land, and after living on it for some time, an older claim deprived him of his farm. Thereupon he put his wife, four children and household goods on horses and started for Vincennes, Ind., in 1805. After remaining there a year he purchased 200 acres of timber where Bruceville now stands, the town taking its name from him. Having built a cabin, he settled among the few whites and many Indians. Here he spent the remainder of his days in agricultural pursuits. During the Indian troubles he was called upon to lead a company, as its captain, to the defense of Vincennes. From there he proceeded up the Wabash River, it being his duty to see that the enemy did not get in the rear of Harrison's army. A fort was constructed about this time on the farm of Mr. Bruce. The war being ended he returned to peaceful pursuits. In 1818 his first wife died, and in the following year he married Hettie R. Holmes, born 1794. She was a daughter of William and Elizabeth Holmes. To this second marriage eighteen children were born. Mr. Bruce1 s first wife was a member of the Baptist Church, himself also until some twenty years before his death, when he became a member of the Christian Church, being a very prominent member. He was a radical Whig in politics. In 1853 he died, and the mother in 1808. Of such parentage was born in 1826, John H. Bruce in Bruceville, he being the twentieth child. In boyhood he attended the old-time subscription schools, and at the age of twenty- one went to Missouri and helped clear the ground where Kansas City now stands; having returned the same year and attended school for a short time, and ran on a flat-boat four trips down the Mississippi; then taught school about thirteen terms. In 1850 he was married to Angeline Threlkeld, born in 1825 in Washington Township. She is a daughter of James and Sallie (Handley) Threlkeld. Her father, born 1773, was a native of Virginia; her mother, born 1783, of Pennsylvania, In early life both moved to Shelby County, Ky. There they were married in 1801. In 1804 they moved to Knox County and settled near Vincennes. The father was taken from among the living in 1850; the mother in 1855. Both were members of the Christian

Biographical Sketches

Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Bruce four children were born: Sallie, Hettie, Cora M. and William E. ; all of whom, save Cora, have been teachers, William E. being one of the rising young teachers of his township. Both he and wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Bruce has been honored with seveial offices. For five years he was township clerk, and afterward held the office of assessor for six years. He was trustee for four years, the Bruceville Graded School building being the result of his foresight. In all of these positions he has shown ability and given good satisfaction. He is a man who takes a deep interest in all enterprises tending to build up the morality and intelligence of his community.

IRA DONHAM, one of the farmers of Washington Township, is a son of William and Sarah (Arthur) Donham. The father was born in 1784 in Pennsylvania; the mother, a native of Virginia, was born in the same year. When young both moved to Ohio, where they were married and lived till 1833, when they came to Indiana and settled in Vigo County, where both died. By occupation the father was a farmer, and for some years ran a grist and saw-mill. During his entire life he was an industrious and energetic worker. Both parents were members of the Baptist Church, and politically he was an old-time Democrat. The father died in 1849 and the mother in 1863. Ira's ancestors on his father's side were natives of Spain. About the time of the Inquisition they were so persecuted on account of their religious views that they decided to come to America. In order to do that they were obliged to change their name. Their original name was Singleton, but in order to get away with their lives they changed it to Donham, which they have borne ever since. Erom Spain they went to Wales, and finally to America. His ancestors on his mother's side were of Scotch descent. Of such ancestors was born, in 1817, the subject of this sketch in Clermont County, Ohio. In boyhood he had meager advantages for education, having to go six miles to the old time subscription schools. At the age of twenty-one he began to do for himself. For three years he helped survey the canal from Terre Haute to Evansville. Then having received eighty acres of land from his father he began farming, and after making several changes finally settled in

Knox County in 1S72 on the farm where he now lives. In 1838 lie was married to Cynthia A. Townsley, born in 1822 in the same county as the husband. To this union eleven children were born : Elizabeth, Nathaniel, America, Susan, Abel. George A., Joseph, Cinderella, Sarah, William and Lena L. All the sons are farmers. Eight of the children have been married. America was married to Perry West, who died from exposure in the war, leaving his wife, without property, to raise four little girls, the eldest about eight years of age. She has brought them up iu a praiseworthy manner. The eldest k now one of the first teachers in Palmyra Township. She secured her education by working by the week during summer and going to school in winter. Lena L. married Lawson B. McNeece, who was killed by a runaway team. In 1839 Mr. Donham bought eighty acres of timber land in Clay County, for which he largely paid with coon skins at $1 a piece. Here he settled in a log house 18x20 surrounded by howling wolves and other wild animals. Now. he has 111 acres of good land. Mrs. Donham is a member of the Baptist Church. For a time he was trustee in Fountain County, justice of the peace in Clay County and assessor for fourteen years. He is a stanch Democrat, his first vote being cast for Van Buren.

GEOKGE AY. FLEMING is a son of Bubus and Louisa (Byers) Fleming, who were born in Smith County, Va., in 1812 and 1819, respectively. In 1838 they moved to Mississippi, where they spent the remainder of their days. The father followed blacksmithing until about fifteen years before his death, when he turned his attention to farming. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he was a Whig and a Democrat. The mother died in 1843, and about three years later he married Julia Avery. His death occurred in 1883. George W. was born in Virginia in 1836. He received a good education in Mississippi, and at the age of twelve years he and his youngest sister came to Knox County, Ind., to live with their relatives. George lived with an uncle until twenty-one years of age, when, with a horse and a suit of clothes, he began to do for himself. For five years he worked by the month, saving his wages and keeping it on interest. After renting land some time he purchased 136 acres, where he now lives. In 1S63 he was married to Elizabeth Brentlinger, born in Knox County, in 1844, daughter of George and Mary (McClure) Brentlinger. To them -were born four children: Hugh E., Daniel R, Mary J., and George B. Hugh is a salesman in a grocery store in Kansas. Mrs. Eleming is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Fleming is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first vote for Douglas. He has always been very industrious, and is now reaping the reward of his labor.

PETEK FOX, a farmer of Washington Township, Knox Co., Ind., son of Stephen and Hannah (Hollings worth) Fox, was born in 1837 in Washington Township. In boyhood he had the disadvantages of the old log schoolhouse and the old-time teachers. His being the oldest son obliged him to stay at home to get wood and do odd jobs, so that his school-days were few. He remained with his father until twenty-six years of age, when he was married, in 1863, to Mary Phillippe, born in 1846, in Washington Township. To this union seven children were. born: Edward D., William E. (deceased), Martin L., Marion B., Alice P., Joseph C, and Charley B. Soon after his marriage Mr. Fox's father gave him eighty acres of land without improvement and mostly in the woods. By hard work and good management he has since increased it to 160 acres, of which some 125 acres are under cultivation, furnished with a good house. Both husband and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Fox is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first vote for Douglas. He has made farming a success. Having started with a small beginning, he has arisen to the ownership of a good farm. He is a man ever ready to support public enterprises.

STEPHEN FOX, one of the pioneers of Knox County, Ind., is a son of Peter and Mary (Steffey) Fox. The father was born in 1763, in Pennsylvania. The mother, a native of Virginia, was born in 1775. When a young man the father went to Virginia and met Miss Steffey, to whom he was married in 1793. By occupation the father was a farmer, and in connection with that built log houses and barns, being one of the most noted hewers of his times. It is said he could hew a log without leaving a nick from either broad or narrow ax. The largest building he ever erected was a log barn, 38x90 and 48 feet to the comb. In 1833 he with his family came to this county and settled in "Washington Township. Here they spent the remainder of their days in agricultural pursuits. Both were members of the Lutheran Church, but as there was no such church in reach they united with the Presbyterian. In 1840 the father was called from among the living; the mother lived till 1853. Our subject was born in 1811 in Wythe County, Va., and was raised in Washington County. In boyhood he had very limited advantage for education, going a short time to both English and German schools. When only twelve years old he walked a distance of three miles, his father being the teacher. At the age of sixteen he took charge of his father's farm of 312 acres, which he continued to manage till their deaths. In 1836 he was married to Hannah Hollingsworth, born in 1811. She is a daughter of Peter and Sarah (Young) Hollingsworth. He was a native of North Carolina and she of South Carolina. He came to this county about 1805 and she some three years later. After their marriage they settled here on the farm where they spent the rest of their days. To Mr. and Mrs. Fox nine children were born: Peter, Ferdinand, William, Martin V., James P., Mary, Sarah, Adam and Ellen. Mr. Fox, wife, and all the children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Democrat, and cast his first vote for Van Buren. In 1836 Mr. Fox bought 175 acres of land, largely on credit. He not only paid for that, but by hard work and good management he and his boys have increased the farm to 726 acres, all of which has been given to the children. Both he and his wife are still living at the ripe old age of seventyfour. They reside on the old homestead, tenderly cared for by their son Adam, enjoying the respect and confidence of all who know them.

HENEY W. FOX was born in Knox County, Ind.,in 1839. He is a son of Henry and Catherine (Snyder) Fox, who were born in Virginia in 1794 and 1798, respectively. They were married in 1816, and came to Indiana twelve years later. The father gave a four-horse wagon and a watch for 100 acres of land, but soon sold out, and purchased 200 acres, where Henry now lives. Both parents were members of the Lutheran Church in Virginia, but after coming here they united with the Presbyterian Church, in which the father was a deacon for many years. One of his children became a minister, two elders, and one a deacon. The father died in 1SG7, and the mother yet lives with our subject. In early times she spun and wove flax and carded and spun the wool, and made the clothing for the entire family. In boyhood Henry received a common-school education, which he has since improved by reading. He is a great lover of music, and in early times was a teacher of vocal music, having for one of his pupils James D. Williams, afterward governor. In 1805 he went West to dig gold, and after remaining two years in Montana was called home by the death of his father, and purchased his home place, where he yet lives. In 1877 he was married to Eliza Wampler, born in 1854, daughter of Abraham and Ann M. (Dunn) Wampler. To them were born four children: David, Alvah D., Anna C. and Mamie A. Both husband and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church, he being an elder since about 18.08. He supports the Democratic party, and while in Montana was chosen a delegate to the convention for the nomination of officers, he being one of the few temperance men in that region. He voted squarely against the whisky-ring leaders, thus aiding in defeating them and their candidate, a proceeding which surprised them not a little. Here, as there, he always supports the worthy, and is considered by all a first-class farmer and citizen.

GEOEGE W. GANOE is a son of James and Martha (Meadley) Ganoe. Where the father was born is not definitely known. The mother was born in Kentucky in 1808. She came to this State and county with her parents at an early day, and lived for some time in a fort. The father came here when a young man, and worked by the month for some time. In their family were these children: George W., Lucy A., Nancy J. and Catharine. Both parents were Baptists, and the father was a Whig. He died in 1841, and the mother in 1883. George W. was born in Knox County, Ind., in 1833. His educational advantages were limited, as the schoolhouses were very few and far between. He lived with his parents until their death, when he and two sisters sold their interest in the home farm and purchased 160 acres where he now lives. His sister, Nancy, then married and took forty acres of the farm, and since then he and his sister, Lucy, have lived to- gether. Mr. Ganoe is a stanch Democrat, and his first vote was cast for the candidate of the Know-nothing party. He has been moderately successful as a farmer, and he and sister belong to the Christian Church.

WATT, HILL & MAYFIELD are the proprietors of the Bruceville Tile Factory, which was established in 1880, by Barr & Witherspoon, who operated it one season, and then sold out to the above-named men, who went in debt for it, but by honesty and determination to succeed they have built up a paying business. The excellence of their work is shown by the demand for their product, not only at home, but also from surrounding counties, the annual product being about 8,000 rods.

DANIEL G. HILL, one of the proprietors, and at present a teacher in the graded school of Bruceville, is a son of William and Martha B. (McClure) Hill, and was born in 1854. He attended the common schools in boyhood, and at the age of eighteen began to make his own way in the world. For about three years he worked at Terre Haute, in a lumber yard, and afterward in a confectionery store. In 1876 he commenced teaching in the district schools of Knox County, In 1884 he was given a position in the Bruceville schools, and the following year was elected assistant principal of the same. In 1880 he began working in the tile factory, and the following year became one of the proprietors. In 1883 he was married to Bettie Umbarger, born in Virginia, in 1860, daughter of Alexander and Jane (Clemens) Umbarger. Mr. and Mrs. Hill are the parents of one son, Harry. Mr. Hill is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and Mrs. Hill of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Bepublican, and cast his first vote for Hayes.

GEOEGE W. MAYFIELD, teacher, and one of the above firm, is a son of John and Elizabeth (Col ton) Mayfield, and was born in Bruceville in 1856. He attended the schools of that town, and also the county normals. At the age of eighteen he began teaching, and has followed this during the winter seasons ever since. He worked for the tile firm of Barr & Witherspoon during 1880, and the following year became one of the proprietors, and has operated it during the summer seasons ever since. In 1880 he was married to Mary J. Gude, born in Bruceville, in 1857, daughter of Alfred and Jane (Holmes) Glide. They have two children: Hattie G. and Susie S. Mr. Mayfield is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his wife of the Christian Church. He is a Republican, and cast his first vote for Garfield. He has been a successful teacher, and is doing well at his present business. His father, a retired physician of Bruceville, was born in 1821, in Sullivan County, Ind. He studied medicine under Dr. J. H. Paxton, and took a course of lectures at Rush Medical College during the winter of 1849-50. He then practiced until 1853-54, when he completed his course. In 1854 he located at Bruceville, where he had an extensive practice. He was married in 1850, and his wife bore him these children: Robert P., Ellen, Kate, George W., Mary, Amelia, Joseph B., John T., Elizabeth and Stella. All the family are church members. Robert P. is chief of division of bank accounts in the United States Treasury. For four years Mr. Mayfield was assessor of Washington Township. He is a Republican, and cast his first vote for Polk. In 1863 he moved onto a farm, where he remained ten years, and then returned to Bruceville. He retired from practice in 1880.

WILLIAM HILL, one of the early settlers of Washington Township, was born in 1811 in East Tennessee. When about three years of age he came with his parents to this State and settled near Paoli. In 1817 they moved to this county. At the age of eighteen he began to learn the saddler's trade. Having finished his trade and worked some two years at journey work, he, in connection with D. G. McClure, opened a harness shop in Bruceville, about 1834, continuing here three years. In 1837 he was married to Martha B. McClure, who was born in 1816 in Washington Township. She was a daughter of Charles and Margaret G. (McDonald), McClure. Her father was a native of Kentucky and her mother of South Carolina. Her grandparents were among the first settlers of Knox County. Mr. and Mrs. Hill reared a family of eight children, five of whom have been school teachers. In 1838 Mr. Hill went to Darwin, 111., but two years later he returned and went into partnership with Mr. McClure again. Having quit the harness business, he opened a shoe shop in 1843 and there continued to work until 1879, when failing eyesight compelled him to quit the business, and after staying in his son's store for some time, he retired from active life at the ripe age of seventy-three. All the family are members of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Hill is a Republican in politics and cast his first vote for Henry Clay in 1832. Both parents still live.

CHARLES M. HILL, one of the leading merchants of Bruceville. is a son of William and Martha B. (McClure) Hill. He was born in 1845 in Bruceville. , In boyhood his father gave him the opportunites the old-time schools afforded. At the age of eighteen he volunteered in Company A, One Hundred and Eighteenth Indiana Infantry and served therein some seven months. Having been honorably discharged, he returned home and worked on a farm and brickyard. In 1866 he began the mercantile business as a salesman for Roberts & Baird. After clerking some ten years he and his brother formed a partnership known as Hill Bros. At first they began on a very small stock, worth about $(500. Since then, by close attention to business, they have become proprietors of a good stock and store, besides other property. In 1873 he was married to Emma J. Moore, who was born in 1854 at Attica, Ind. The fruits of this union are five children: W. Herbert, Harry M., Gordon M., Robert G., and Ruth I. Both husband and wife are church members, he of the Presbyterian Church and she of the Christian.' Mr. Hill is a stanch Republican, and cast his first vote for Grant. Mr. Hill has met with good success as a just reward for industry and good management. He is a man who takes a deep interest in every enterprise that is for the benefit of society and as a citizen is well known and respected.

CHARLES P. HOLLINGSWORTH is a native of Knox County, Ind., where he was born in 1841, son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Palmer) Hollingsworth. In boyhood he attended school only in the winter time, as his services were very much needed at home during the summer. In 1861, at the breaking out of the Rebellion, he enlisted in Company M, Third Kentucky Cavalry, and participated in the battles of Murfreesboro, Perryville, siege of Corinth, and was with Sherman on his memorable march to the sea. Some fifteen months before the expiration of his term he was commissioned second lieutenant, and held that position until the close of the war. After nearly four years of faithful service he returned home, and soon after took a trip West, visiting Missouri. On his return he turned his attention to farming, and now owns an excellent farm of 378 acres. In 1870 he took for his life companion Alice, daughter of Hugh and Martha (McClure) Barr. She was born in Knox County in 1849, and has borne her husband these children: Grace, Martha and Blanche. Mr. Hollingsworth is a Democrat in politics, and his first vote was cast for Seymour.

MILTON HOLLINGSWORTH one of the farmers of Washington Township, is a son of Bernard and Nancy A. (McKee) Hollingsworth. The father was born in 1791, in South Carolina. The mother, a native of Kentucky, was born in 1798. Both came to this county when young and their matrimonial rites were solemnized in 1816. After marriage they settled in Washington Township, where they spent the remainder of their days. By occupation the father was a farmer, being cpiite a large landowner. During his entire life he was an industrious and energetic worker. When a young man he joined the Baptist Church, but afterward became a member of the Christian Church. He was a Republican. In 1870 the father was called from among the living. The mother died two years before. Our subject was born in 1842 in Washington Township. In boyhood he had very ordinary advantages for education, having to walk two miles to school. In 1861 when the dissolution of the Union was threatened, Milton, though only nineteen years of age, enlisted in Company H, Fifty-first Indiana Infantry. At Stone River, Shiloh, Corinth and Nashville, he with the other brave boys of Company H fought manfully for home and country. After the last named engagement they were ordered to San Antonio, Tex., where they remained until the close of the war. At Stone River he received three wounds, and as a partial compensation receives $2 per month from the Government. Having served his country faithfully for over four years he returned, bearing an honorable discharge. In 1868 he was married to Martha A. Martin, born in 1850, in Washington Township. She is the daughter of James P. and Martha (Chambers) Martin. To Mr. and Mrs. Hollingsworth eight children were born: Ulysses G., William

S., Ellis H., James U., Urania G., John, Anna and Logan. Mrs. Hollingsworth is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Hollingsworth is a stanch Republican and cast his first vote for Lincoln. At the death of his father our subject received 138 acres of land, of which about 100 acres are under cultivation. As a farmer he has been quite successful, and is considered one of the first citizens of the county.

GEORGE M. HOLMES, one of the old settlers of Washington Township, is a son of Josiah L. and Margaret (McClure) Holmes. The father was born in 1775, at Carlisle, Penn. The mother, a native of Kentucky, was born about four years later. Both came to this county about the same time - 1804. Here they were married in 1818. By trade the father was a tanner, which calling he followed throughout life. He was a man of some public note. For four years he was deputy sheriff under John Purcell, besides being constable for a number of years. In the war of 1812 he took an active part, being in the battle of Horseshoe Bend, and also at the battle of New Orleans. At the latter place he was promoted to captain. In 1837 the father died. The mother died in 1832. George's ancestors on both sides were of Irish descent. He has had the pleasure of seeing seven generations, looking backward and forward. He was born in 1822, in Vincennes Township. In boyhood he had very poor advantages for education, attending the old-time subscription school, and not more than five months all told. When only about seven years old he and his brother, a ten-year-old lad, went week after week some eight miles up theriver, to cut a boat-load of wood for winter use. In a little log shelter they stayed of nights, but when Saturday came they would gladly return home to spend Sunday and get a new supply of provisions. For some time he followed driving stage, going from Evansville to Vincennes, or from Vincennes to Terre Haute, etc. In 1842 he began his career as a farmer. His first crop of corn was raised on a rented place, and sold for 8 cents per bushel delivered at a station five miles distant. Having no team, he was obliged to give $1.50 per 100 bushels to get it hauled. He thus received $13 for 200 bushels. Times being hard, he thought to make some money by chopping wood. He was paid 25 cents a cord for wood split fine and made out of the body of the tree only. In 1842 he was married to Berrila Penington, born in 1824 in Lincoln County, Ky. She is a daughter of Isaac and Elizabeth (Price) Penington. Her father was a native of Tennessee, and her mother of Kentucky. To Mr. and Mrs. Holmes thirteen children were born: Josiah, Isaac, Harriet, Weston, Benjamin, James, Margaret, George, Mary, Martin, Elizabeth, Laura and Obediah, all of whom are living on farms. The husband, wife and nine of the children are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Holmes is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first vote for Van Buren. For four years he has held the position of justice of the peace. Two of his sons were in the late war - Isaac, who served four years in the Rebellion and three years as a regular soldier, and Weston, who served three years in the Rebellion and three years as a regular soldier. In 1860 Mr. Holmes moved to Washington Township, and bought 145 acres, on which he still lives. As a farmer he has been quite successful; having started with nothing, he has arisen to the ownership of a good farm. He has been engaged to some extent in literary work, having written a number of stories for periodicals. Though he had such meager opportunities in early life, he acquired broad information by reading.