Washington Township (part 7 of 9)

Sause, natives of County Tipperary, Ireland. They came to America in 1838, and located on eighty acres of land in Daviess County, Ind. The father died in 1852, and the mother in 1857. Michael was born in the same county as his parents, in 1826. His educational advantages were limited to the common schools, both in the old country and America. When nineteen years old he purchased forty acres of land, and at the death of his father fell heir to eighty acres more. At a later date he sold his land and purchased his present farm of 160 acres, since increased to 240 acres. In 1852 he married Margaret Downey, born in Ireland in 1834. Her father was also a native of the Emerald Isle, and in 1845 came to America, locating in Pennsylvania. He died in 1846, and the mother, in Indiana, in 1872. Mr. and Mrs. Sause became the parents of eight children: Mary O., Alice, Catharine, James T., Agnes, Margaret H, Matthew M. and Michael E. All the family are members of the Catholic Church. Mr. Sause is a Democrat, and cast his first vote for Cass.

SAMUEL J. SCOTT, druggist, of Montgomery, Ind., is a son of Thomas J. and Elizabeth (Kennedy) Scott, and was born in Wayne County, Ky. At the age of fifteen years he began the battle of life for himself, working as a farm laborer. About four years later he entered the dry goods store of J. C. Montgomery as salesman, continuing at that occupation for about fifteen years, the greater part of the time being spent in a drug store. In 1883 he began selling drugs on his own responsibility, carrying a $2,000 stock of goods. In 1877 he was married to Anna Doane, who bore him three children: Florence E., John and James. Since 1880 Mr. Scott has been clerk of the town of Montgomery, and has filled that position very creditably. He is a leading Republican of the township, and cast his first vote for Grant. He is a good business man, ever ready to aid the poor and distressed, and is well fixed financially. His father was a native of Kentucky, and the mother of Virginia. They were married and lived in Kentucky until the war, when they were compelled to leave that State by the persecution of the rebels, as the father was a strong Union man. They came to Indiana, locating in Daviess County, where the father followed the occupation of farming, and also worked at the stone-cutter's trade to some extent. At his death he left about 1,500 acres of land in Kentucky to be divided among his four children. The father's death occurred in 1865, and the mother's, in Pike County, in 1885.

ROBERT A. SHIRCLIFF is a son of Thomas and Catherine (Cissel) Shircliff. The parents were natives of Kentucky, the father born in 1803 and the mother in 1806. The father was a farmer, and owned 420 acres of land. He died in 1857, and the mother in 1863. Robert was born in Daviess County, Ind., in 1832, and had only the advantages of the old-time subscription schools, but improved every opportunity in order to acquire a better education. He taught school two terms and received 87i cents per day. Since that time he has given his attention to farming. In 1855 he purchased 100 acres of land, which by industry he has increased to 350 acres. In 1857 he wedded Mary E. Summers, born in 1836, daughter of Benjamin and Catharine (Nalley) Summers. To Mr. and Mrs. Shircliff eleven children were born: Catherine A., Sarah A., Thomas K., Benjamin, Joseph R., Vincent, Mary, Robert, John, Basil and Philip. The family are Catholics. Mr. Shircliff is a Democrat, and for two years during the war served as justice of the peace.

SYLVESTER SMITH was born in Daviess County, Ind., in 1823, and is a son of James and Martha (Mattingly) Smith. He received a limited education, and at the age of twenty began as a farmer on a rented place. Some three years later he purchased twenty acres of timber land, on which he built his first log house. He now owns a good frame dwelling, surrounded by 409 acres of very fine land. In 1843 he married Martha A. Gootee, born in 1825, who bore him fifteen children: James, William, John, Martha, Sarah, William, Barbara, Charles, Marion, George, Thomas, Lee, Francis, Catherine and Augusta. The family are members of the Catholic Church. Mr. Smith deals extensively in stock, and during the last four years has given almost his entire attention to stock trading. In 1874 he purchased a thoroughbred Norman horse at a cost of $2,750, and in 1883 purchased another which cost $1,800. He has held the positions of director, vice-president and superintendent of the Martin County Fair Association. He is a Demo- crat, and as a farmer has been very successful. Mrs. Smith is a daughter of Silas and Barbara (Walker) Gootee, who were born in Kentucky. They both died in 1848, within four weeks of each other.

ANDREW SOEDER is a native of Bavaria, 'Germany, where he was born in 1825. His parents, John and Anna (Faulstich) Soeder, were born in the same place in 1798 and 1S00, respectively. The father served sixteen years in the regular army of Germany as musician. He died in 1842, and the mother in 1855. Our subject was educated in the German schools, and in 1856 he bade adieu to home and native land and embarked for the United States. He worked by the month in Switzerland County, Ind., for over two years, and then he and his brother purchased 120 acres of very poor land. He soon after purchased his brother's share, and later sold out the entire farm at a good profit, and in 1870 came to Daviess County, where he bought 113 acres of the farm where he now lives, since increased to 277 acres. In 1851 he was married, in Germany, to Mary Rost, born in 1832, who bore him thirteen children: Monika, Andrew, Ferdinand, Barbara, Joseph, John, Anna, Regina, Mary, Paul, Simon, Rosa and Lawrence. All the family are members of the Catholic Church, and Mr. Soeder is a Democrat. He has been quite prosperous and is much respected by his friends and neighbors.

ELIJAH TODD is a son of Nathan and Esther V. (Hooks) Todd, natives of Virginia, where they married and lived until 1810, when they came West, traveling through Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois, but three years later returned to Virginia, and there spent the remainder of their lives. The father was a farmer, and was also quite a noted hunter and Indian fighter. Elijah was born in Virginia in 1817. He received no educational advantages, for during the winter seasons the schools were too distant to permit his attending, and during the summer his services were needed at home. When seventeen years old he began working for himself. He joined his brother in Illinois, and with him worked on the Mississippi River and its tributaries for about three years. After coming to this State, in 1840, he worked on flatboats, and made twenty-one trips to New Orleans. While working on the Mississippi, in 1838, he was one of the men who took Jackson to New Orleans to celebrate the battle fought by him at that place. Mr. Todd owns 127 acres of good land, and in 1844 was married to Senath Burrass, who bore him seven children: Elizabeth, * Susan, James, Mary A., John, George and Rebecca. Both parents are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Todd was one of the most distinguished hunters of his township, and killed numerous buffalo, bear, wolves, deer, turkeys and panther.

ANDREW J. VEST was born in 1844 in Greene County, Ind. He remained at home until sixteen years old, when he began to work his own way in the world and worked by the month for about a year. In 1861 he enlisted in Company B, Twenty-seventh Indiana Infantry and fought for the preservation of the Union for three years. He was at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, and in that famous series of battles from Ringgold to Atlanta. At the battle of Winchester he was taken prisoner and for four months was an inhabitant of the loathsome prisons of the South. After his return home he attended school for some time, and in 1865 was married to Miss J. Parsons, born in Daviess County, Ind., in 1846, daughter of Dr. I. J. and Mary (Patterson) Parsons. Mr. and Mrs. Vest became the parents of these eight children: Mary, John, Olive, Susan, May, Martha, James and Edith. Both husband and wife are members of the Christian Church and he is a Republican. He purchased his first forty acres in 1867, but now owns 240 acres. His parents were Andrew J. and Elizabeth (Wilson) Vest, natives of Virginia and Tennessee, born in 1815 and 1818, and died in 1845 and 1873, respectively.

JOHN R. WEDDING. Lloyd Wedding, our subject's father, was born in Maryland in 1793, and moved with his father to Kentucky in 1811, where he married Anne L. Raney, in 1817. She was born in 1799. They came to Daviess County, Ind., in 1818, where they located on forty acres of timber land. At a later period he purchased the farm where John now lives, and there spent the remainder of his days. He was a merchant the last thirteen years of his life and was constable and magistrate of Barr Township for five years. He died in 1863 and the mother three years later. John R. Wedding was born in 1819 in what was then Daviess County. He received poor educational advantages, but on reaching manhood he again attended school and thus obtained a fair education. When twenty-nine years old he rented a farm, and after working in this way for about five years he purchased 120 acres of land. Some time later he sold his farm and moved on the old homestead and cared for his parents until their deaths. In 1846 he married Elizabeth Kidwell, born in 1820, who bore him these children: Lloyd, Nicholas, Theodore, George, Emily, Mary. Louisa, John, Arnold, Francis and Elizabeth. All of the sons are farmers. In 1873 Mrs. Wedding and Emily died and in the early part of 1874 Mary also died. In 1875 Mr. Wedding married Sarah (Morgan) Adkins, born in 1834. She is a member of the Catholic Church. Mr. Wedding served as justice of the peace for twelve years, and in 1876 was chosen to fill the position of county commissioner. He is a Democrat though he voted the Whig ticket until 1856.

WILLIAM C. WILLEFORD, M. D., one of the leading doctors of Barr Township, Daviess Co., Ind., is a son of George A. and Minerva (Hogan) Willeford, who were born in Virginia and Tennessee in 1802 and 1808, respectively. The father went to Tennessee when quite young, where he married and lived until 1837, when he moved to Illinois. He was a machinist by trade and during the war constructed a cotton gin from his own model, but the greater part of his life was spent in farming. He died in 1877 and the mother in 1883. Our subject, William C, was born in Illinois in 1849. He attended the common schools when quite young and later the high school at Marion, 111. He clerked about two years in a drug store and was in the recorder's office for the three following years. He devoted much of his spare moments to the study of medicine and in 1873-74 took a term of lectures in the Chicago Medical College, and after practicing about seven years completed his medical course in the College of Indiana in 1881. The same year he located in Montgomery where he has since remained, meeting with good success in the practice of his profession. He operated a drug store for about four years, but finding that his practice required his entire attention he sold out his cb'ugs. He has held the positions of county and township physician and was postmaster of Montgomery for over three years. He is a strong supporter of Republican principles and cast his first vote for Grant. In 1876 he was married to Louisa Wiley, born in 1854, in the same county as himself. To their union were born these children: Laura, George A., Edna and Anna.

JOSEPH WILSON, an old pioneer preacher of southern Indiana, is a son of Jesse and Winnie (Humphrey) Wilson, both natives of North Carolina. They came to Indiana in 1821, and located in Greene County. The father was educated for the Presbyterian ministry, but before his death he united with the Chris tian Church, and became a minister of that denomination. Subject was born in North Carolina in 1796. He received but little education, barely learning to read and write. At the age of twenty-four years he united with the Christian Church. For about sixty -three years he has proclaimed the Gospel in southern Indiana and adjoining counties of Illinois. He is the oldest minister of his denomination in the State, and has been the means of converting about 4,000 persons to Christianity. For the first thirty years of his labor he received not a cent in payment. In 1820 he married Anna Goad, born in Tennessee in 1804. She was a daughter of Stephen and Eachael Goad. To Mr. and Mrs. Wilson these children were born: John, Matilda, William, David, James, Mary, Malinda, Lucinda, Martha, Joseph and Sarah. Mr. Wilson owns eighty acres of land, and, though not rich in worldly goods, he is rich in noble deeds, and the love, respect, and universal confidence of all who know him.

Source changes here: from History of Daviess County, Indiana : Its People, Industries and Institutions ... with Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families, by Fulkerson, Alva Otis, published 1915; 38,765 words in this source stream.

Washington Township

Tlie ciiunty seat of Dax'iess county was formerly called Liverponl. this lieint;- the name of the town in Iniliana territory, as laid out in the forks of White ri\er. in Knox count}'. I)y Isaac (jalland, George Curtis and l)a\'id Flora. The original plat contained one hundred antl eighty-six lots, each being sixty feet in width and (_nie lnin<lred and twenty feet in length; each street, sixty feet wide, to "remain open for the benefit of the i)ublic forever." The deetl was recorded on Xovcnilier ii, 1S15. and on Mav 9. 1S16, the record says :

"Isaac Galland sold to David bdorri one-half of this same tract of land for one thousand fom^ hundred and se\'enty-four dollars, tiie same price for which l)a\ id Idora had sold the entire tract se\-en months pre\ious, and the cleed to the land is described as being the land si'ld to .said Galland and George Curtis by said Flora by deed October 16, 1S15, and being the tract of land on which the town of Liverpool is now located." The deed to Galland and Cmtis by Oax'id I'dora on October 76, 1X15, was witnessed In' I'.manuel \'an Trees, William Wallace and John W^allace, as David Flora Could not sign his name. The ])lat of the town was made b)' Galland, Curtis and Mora, on land piu'chased bv them in 181 J5, hing within sections 27 and 24, township 3, range 7.

The ])lat of the town of Washingtcjn was m;ide and recorded on March _^i, 1817. It comi)rises jiortious (d' -ectious j('>. 27, 28. 33, 34 and 35, township 3 north, range 7 west, consisting of one hundred and thirl\'-si\ li>ts. each lot being eightv by one hundred and thirty-two leet in size. Lots 5, 35, 40 and 65 belonged to Emanuel \'an Trees. T..ots 10, 15, 20, 23. 30, 45, 50, 55, 80, 85 and 90 belongefl to Wilkins. The public s(|uare, Iviiig between \\'alnut and Main and Second and Third streets, was not to be sold, and the rest of the plat was to be sold for the benefit rd' the county. Main street, in tliis plat, is now Llefron street, and the town boundaries were substantially \'an Trees, I'dora, Meridian and Itast Sixth streets. ]'"our squares and four lots, however, lay west of Meridian street. This plat included the town of Li\erpool, which was merged in the larger town of

The first additions to the original plat uf Washington were made by Emanuel \'an Trees and Peter Wilkins, August i8, 1817. One hundred and si.xty-tive lots, each sixty-tive by one hundred and twenty feet in size, were laid nut in these addiliuns. These enterprising pioneers f<iund ready sale for their Ints, at prices ranging from thirty-live to une hundred dollars. The record shows that Samuel J. Kelso was the first purchaser (if a lot in the new town of Washington, his purchase being lot 49, located on the n(_)rih side of Walnut street, midway between b'ourth ami l'"ifth streets. This sale was made by limanuel \ an Trees, Xoxember 13, 181O. Among the purchasers of lots in 1S17 were: .Michael Wiley, William Chapman, James (r. Reed, Richard Palmer and John Allen.

On the 9th and 10th of June, 1817, a great public sale of lots was held. One hundred ami eight lots were di^jiosed oi at this sale, ranging in price from ten to two hundred ami thirt_\--rue dollars. Lot 107 was purchased by James Street for ten duUars; lot 79 by John McClure and Blackford, for two hundred and thirty-five dollars. The total amount received for this sale of lots was about six thousand dollars.

Ihere were several inhabitants of the town prior to this great sale of lots, but their names and the Incation of their residences have not been preser\-e<J. The fir.st Imuse that was built was probably located near the site of the present Iiigh school building. It was a log building, as were all other residences at that early time. 'I'his building, lu'Wexcr, was of hewed logs and a little abuve the a\'eragc in a|ipearrmce, as compared to the log cabins of the time. The first store in the tnwn was kept by James Read. His store building was a lug structure, Incated (Jii the snuthwest corner of Main and Second streets. This store was opened in 1817. After Cdiitinuing in the business for abmit a year Mi'. Read sold bis store to Josc-ph Warner and Seili ividick, who continued the business under the firm name of Warner iK: Ivoilick', until i8_'5. A second store was opened in 1S18 l.iy a I\Ir. \'an Camp, from Rentuck}'; this store was l(_>cated aliout one hundretl feet from the soulheast corner of Main and Mrst streets. According to the memory of tlie oldest inhabitant, the first blacksmith to locate in the new town was Friend Spears. Oher lilacksmiths who came about the same time were William lir.atton and 'fhouias Pirown.

In iy-'3 the town li;ul a [xipulation of aljDVit une hundred and was showing a steady and substantial growth. l>y this lime there were fuur Stores in liie town. Isaac lledden and Stephen Ijelding, sliiiemakers, had come in and estahhshed shups fur their trade; W'iUiani iiallnw, lames Calhoun and Robert Stephens were engageil in making hats. Stephens came from PennsyK'ania. arriving in W'ashingtim nn ,Ma}' 15. i8j-'. A few years pri(jr tu this Alexander llintun and .Mexander Druce had opened "la\ erns" in the town, 'ilie llinton ta\ern was located near the southwest ct.irner of Main and l',abt Second streets; the I'.ruce hostelry was at the corner of Main and l'".ast h'irst street. Among those lixiiig along Alain street alxuit iN_'J antl iSj;; were: Samuel .Miller, a wheelwright; I'olonel L'.err\', who kept a boarding house; ]\ichard \\'ea\er; d'houias Tuning, a saddler and harnessm;i]<er ; (jeorge llruner, \vho ke]it a market and whiskey shop in the old blockhouse; a faniih- named lUankenship, two of whom assisted "Uncle Dick" I'almer to kidna]) Sam. the colored man; ( leorge Bradford, who kept a small store; A. ('. Kinuew the la\\\er. who proc\ired the treedom of the two colored bo\-s, an account id which will l)e found in another chapter in this \-olume. Jimanuel \ an I'rees, whose name is niosl prominentN' connected \\ ith the early history of \\'ashington. was also located on Main street; also John and Michael Mur])hy, general merchants. A Mr. ('arr had a tre.idwheel grist-mill on Walnut street, near k'riend Spears' blacksmith shop. .\ yoke of oxen on the Ireadwheel \vas the motive power that operated the grist-mill.

The professions were well rei)resentetl in those early da_\s. ]\e\erend I'lpher was an R]jisco]ialian minister; Doctor 1 loljand was a local |)reacher in the .Methodist church, ;md aKo a practicing phy->iciau. The Washington circuit, in 1SJ3. w;is in charge ol Kexerend l\a\, iri'Ui Kentucky; ke\eren<l jMartin was the resident minister ol the Presbyterian church. ;uul Kew Hiram Hunter (father of D. l^ckdey Hunter, a prominent teacher known in later times) was pastor of the Cumlierland Presbyterian church. The legal profession was represented by Judge Call, Judge Dewey, Judge Pdake, Jolin Ewing and A. C. Kinney, all men of marked aliility.

For a few }-ears after the first sale of lots and tlie impetus gi\en the town by the rush of early settlers, the interest in the new town began ti) tlecline. There was but small increase in the jjopulation of \\'ashington tniiii iSj5 u_) 1S57. There was little in tiie advanta^'es alTordeil l>y the town U> attract men of capital and business enterprise. There were no railre lads and the protlucts of the farm were sent in llat Ixiats nn White river to a southern market. Merchandi.se was broui^ht in un wagons from h'vansville, Louisville and uther points. The stage ci.iach was the only public utility afforded f(ir travel to distant places. This was the condition until 1857, when the constructinn of the Ohio & Mississippi railroad througli the tciwn instantly awakened Washington ami the surrounding country to real life. New men and fresh capital came in and the first real bnom that Washington had long hcipe<l for began to be a realization.

Washington ex[)eriniented with a tc.irin uf ginernnient under a board uf trustees for se\eral years with indifferent success. There was coiniilaint aniiing the citizens that the luianl neglectetl its duties, which is mA an unusual complaint against municipal autlmrities and it is not an unusual case for such complaints to be well-founded, as they prubably were in this instance. .Vnyhnw, the criticism nf the official negligence i>f the Washington town boartl, by press and i)eo])Ie, became so strong that a petition was maile tu the court for a dissolution of the board, and the petition was granted on March 15, 1867. 'J'hen a movement was immediately started to reincc.irporate, or t<j adopt a city charter, if, n[jon taking a census, a sufficient number of inhabitants were found to entitle them to such a charter. The citizens were ucjt united on either of these propositions. Some fax'ored one, some the other, and a great inany were indilTerent. The following extract from one of the pajiers published in the town at th.at time will serve to show the feelings of the citizens with reference to this question:

citizens ha\e tried ihe licauties of a corporation for some lime past, and ha\e found, to their sorrow, that it was impossible to lind men for the various olTices that would see the law strictly enforced. A seeming dread that they would get into difficulty, or that the corporation was not sound, would take possession of their minds, and violations of the law were disregarded bv the ofhcers, and the law set at deliance by rowdies. We hope that a census of the population of Washington and its additions will be taken, and if we have a sufficient po])ulation to entitle us to a city charter let us have it; .and if not, revive the cor]ioration and 'grin and be.ar it' until we are entitled to ;i citv charter. \\y all means let us have law and order in our town."

Wht-tlicr a census was taken or nnt. or whether there was at that lime a sufficient nuniher of iniial)itants in Washington to entitle it to a city charter, is nut a matter of record. It is probable that there were those who at that time were sufficiently informed to make a ^afe guess that Washington did not measure up to the requirements for a city cliarter, and that this guess (if well-informed citizens was accepted in lieu of a census as proposed. At any rate steps were immediately taken for a reorganization of the corporation. A meeting nf citizens was held cm April iS, 1867, at the court house, at which it was agreed to circulate a petitimi to be ])resented tn the Ijiiard of county commissioners, asking for an election on the question of corporation or no corporation. Things then moved alung ]>retty swiftly. The petition was presented to the biiard on May 13, showing a large number of signatures in favor of calling an election. An election was ordered bv the board to be held on May jc). at which tliere were two hundred and nine \-otes in favor of the re-incorporation of the t<iwn, and only forty in oi)position. An election was hel<l, June iS, for trustees and other officers under the new organization, resulting in the election (jf the following:

With an established form of government, organized as a town corporation, Washington enjoyed peace and prosperity for a few years. There was a contiiuied growth of population during these ye;irs. in the spring oi 1S71 the po])nl,uioii had become sufticient to lutitle Washington to a city charlei', wuh a mayor ;uid six councilnieu. .\ccordingly, the necessary steps were taken to organize under a city charter. The city was divided into three wards, two councilmen to be chosen to represent each wartl. .\t an election held after the necessary ])reliminarics, David J. Hefnm was elected mayor; J. C. Spink, William Tranter, Sr., .\lbert Logan, Henry Walter, John Hyatt and Rlijah b'skridge were elected as councilmen. .Mr. Hefron served as mayor tmtil 1875, when he was succeeded by William H. rjyntim, who .served four years, brom that time the following h.i\e served the city as mayor :

The Banks Of Washington

The first hanking enterprise in Washington was a private Concern, org'anizetl in 18O8 by William Sanfurd, Frank 0\erli)n and C W. Lex'ings, under the name of San ford, J^evings iV Company. Tiie capital stock uf the firm was ten thousand dollars. Mr. .Sanford was president, and C W. Abell, cashier of this institution at the organization. Several changes in the proprietorship of this bank were made within a )ear or two after its organization. In 1S70 I'.lisha llyall pnrch;i-cd a coiurolling interest and at llia"t lime the name of the concern was changed to the Wa.shington F.xchange Jjank. J)r. A. i\l. W bitten and Idliutt ]\lcl'ullough were taken in as partners aliout (jiie year later, antl, witli their investment, the capital stock was increased to twenty thousand dollars. Two years later Mr. McCuUough died and his interest was withdrawn; aliout a year later Doctor Whitlen withdrew his interest. This reduced the ca])ital .stuck to the original amount, ten thousand dollars. In 1874 Hiram Hyatt invested one thousand dollars, raising the ca[)ital stock to eleven thousand cUillars, and the name of the lirm was H_\'alt, De\ings & Ctmipany. This firm continued to ciuiduct the business until i\'(]vember, 1884, when the Ijank closed its doors on account of failure to make collectiims on loans made, (/oncerning this unfortunate ending of Washington's first banking enter[irise, an old histiirian makes this cimiment :

"The faihu'e of the bank in\'ol\eil l''.lisha ll\att'.s pergonal estate and, in order to make settlement, he submitted to his and the bank's creditors the prtj])osition to pay his own credilurs in full, and sexenty cents on the dollar to those of the bank, an extremely liber;d and altogether unusual ])roi)osition."

The failure of this iiank, however, did not lea\'e Washington without an institution of this kind. About twelve years prior to this time another banking enterprise had been established and was at this time in successful operation, and has continued as one of the permanent and successful financial institutions of \\'ashinc:ton for more than fortv \ears.

The Washington National Bank

The Washington National Bank was organized on August 28, 1872. The original stockholders were; V. \V. \'iehe, James Campbell, U. L. Brett, W. M. Tyler, W. J. Williams, C. Lee, and S. H. Taylor. F. W. \iehe, W. M. Tyler, S. H. Tavlor and M. L. Brett were the first board of directors; F. W. \'iehe, the first president, and M. L. Brett, the first cashier. This jjank was (jrganized with a capital slock of fifty thousand dollars, but on March 11, 1^07, the capital stiKk was increased to one hundred thousand dollars. .\t the expirati<jn of the original charter, August 28, 1912, the charter was renewed anil extended for twenty years. The present directors are: i. X. Jones, 1'. M. Ilarned and W. R. Meredith; N. G. Read, ])resident; \'. .M. Ilarned, \ice-pre.sident ; Louis L Read, cashier; A. C. Wise, assistant cashier. The report of the condition of the bank at the close of business. May i, 1915. shows the following:

The People's National I'.ank of Washington was organized on February 2, 1888, with a capital stock of fifty th(iusand dollars. The first board of <lirectors were: Hugh Ikirr, James W. (Jgdon, John Downey, George KaufYman, Richard C. Graham, Magness J. Garnahan and Alfred B. Davis. The first officers were: Hugh Barr, president: James W. Ogdon, vice-president; R. G. Davis, cashier. f)n l-el)ruary 12. 1907, the capital stock was incrc:l^cd to one hundred ilKaiMUul dollars. The pre>ent officers ;u-e : M. 1'. Burke, president; b'.. L. llatlield. Iir>t \ice-])resident ; (,'. 1'". Cochran, second vice-president; 1". .\. Hastings, cashier; T. R. McRherson, assistant cashier. From the re])ort of this bank at the close of business. May i, 1915, tlie following items are taken: I-oans and discounts (notes held in banki, ?3'''9.754-'»7; other items included i^ resources, $211,229.31; caiiital stock paid in, ,$100,000.00; surplus fund, $C.i0,000-00 ; individual and time deposits, $312,120.27.

The Citizens Loan And Trust Company

The Citizens Loan and Trust Company was organized on November 2,. 1902, and was incorporated under tlie laws vi the state, November 26, 1902, being authorized by huv to conduct a general financial, savings, deposit, loan and trust business. The officers for the first year were: James W. Ogdon, president; Henry Aikman, vice-president; William Kennedy, secretary; William M. Aikman, assistant secretary. The first board of directors were: James W. Ogd(jn, John C. Ilagerty, Ed F. Meridith, Henry .Vikman, Harry H. Crooke, G. J. Nichols, John Muri^hy, Miles G. O'Neal and William Heffernan.

This coni[)any was organized with a capital stock of forty thousand dollars. In 1904 it was consolidated with the Washington Trust Company and the capital stock was increased to sixty-five thousand dollars. In 1907 the capital stock was increased to one hundred tiiousand dollars. The present borird of directors are: James W. Ogdon, AI. G. O'Neal, William HetTernan, J. .\. Colbert, W. B. Dcffendall, Jacob Beitman, J. N. Jones, L. E. Hamersly and William R. Meridith. The jjresent officials are: James W. Ogdon, ])resiilent ; Miles G. O'.Veal, \ice-president ; William Kennedy, secretary; \V. M. Young, assistant secretary. I'"rom a statemeni of the condition of this company at the close of business Alay i, 1915, the following itrm^ are taken: Loans and discounts, $229,912.87; other items includeil in resources, $36,687.41; capital stock paid in, $100,000.00; surplus and undivided profits, $37,352.05; demand and time deposits, $125,440.34.

ent directors of the bank are: William R. Gardiner, C. K. Tharp, John Ormsljy, A. O. Fulkerson, George J. Keith, R. J. Barr, Ezra Mattingly, AI. D. Kelley and Martin Cahill. From the report of the condition i>i this bank at the close of Ijusiness, May i, 1915, the following items are taken: Loans and discounts, $159,093.58; other items included in resources, ^-t^,- 864.99; capital stock paid in, $100,000.00; surplus fund, $5,500.00; demand deptjsits and certificates, $89,479.39.

Financial Exhibit, City Of Washington

The following exhiljit, showing the nuinici])al indebtedness, receipts and expenditures, for the years 1913 and 1914, will furnish to the uninterested taxpayers of Washington inf(irmati(in as to the management of the munici[)al affairs. Referring tn the item of expenditures for the electric light plant, for 191 3 and 1914, it shcjuld be stated that the increased expense for 1914 was caused by the payment of a claim of three thousand and six hundred dollars against the city for a damage suit, and also a considerable ex])ense for an addition and improvement in the equipment of the plant :

The Washingtim street railway was huilt in 1894 hy a stock company, composed of Louis C. I'"ritch. William AIcMalum ami others. The franchise is now owned and o|)eraled hy Ziha V. (iraham. The line extends from the eastern terminus of Main street, runnim;- along that street to the Baltinicire & Ohio railroad shops, hdectric motive power is used and furnished hy the city electric plant.

Washington has been furnished electric light and electric power for se\'- eral \'ears li\' a ijl.ant under munici|ial ownershi]) ;uid the experience has pro\fn satisfactory to the patrons and ]jrolitahle to the city. .\ sm;dl tax le\'y provides funds for ex]ien>e of operation and for street lighting, with'iut any increase in the usual rates of service charged pri\-ate consumers.

.\n aliundant suppK' of good clear water is furnished li_\' the Washington Water and Light ('oinp;ui\', from a pumping sta.tioii ](_icated south of the city, near Alays\ille.

The greatest boom that Wa--hington ex])eriencc<l in all it.- histor\- was a result ol the location ol the ()liio X; .Mississippi railroad shops at this place, h'roin the time i>f building this in.id the coni|)any liad their machine and repair sho])s at \'incennes. As the business of the road increased it became necessary to build Larger siiops with increased capacit\' for hancUing their business. .\s the location of the extensive shojis contcm])lated \v(ju1i1 be of great advantage to the town selected for the plant, the railroad ci'inpany projiosed that the fa\'ored town should put up a bonus that would in some measure ccMiipensate the com])an\- for the advantages offered. N'incennes had tlie old shops and the citizens of that town considered that was the logical situation for tlie enlarged plant. The railroad company asked for seventy- t'lve tlinusaiid dollars tu l)c acMcil lu wliatexcr acl\anta,iL;L' tlicre niij^ht be in tlie "logical situation." The same proijosition was made to Washington. Vincennes let the guidon (.jp[)ortunity sli]); Washington i:ity and township took a \dte on the proposition and it was accepted by a snlistantial maj(.)rity of the \dters. The shops were erected in iSSc). Shortly after this the Ohio & Mississip|)i road went into the hands of a receiver, and linall\' ]>ecame the property of the Pialtimore & (.)lho Comi)any, being now operated bv that company.

The buildings of the Hallimore & Ohio shops, as the ])lant is nc.iw known, c(.)nsists of a round-house, cijntaining tlnrt)'-four stalls; a machine shop, erecting shop, tin, cooper and pipe shop, lioiler shoi>, planing mill, passenger-car shop, |)aint shop, .^teel-car shop and freight-car shop.

In the several shops and de])artments there are at ])resent something over si.x hundred men employed. The a\erage monthly jxiyroll of all the departments is fort^'-nine tlKuisand dollars. The shops are ec|uii)ped with facilities and machinery of modern design, with skilled workmen employed in all the manufacturing dej)artments. They build locomotives, passenger cars, freight cars, dining cars - in fact, do any kind of work that is done at any of the large locijmotive and car-lniilding ]ilants.

The postoftice was establivshed in Washington, October 9, 181 7, James j. Read being ap])ointe<l })ustniaster on that date. Following are the names of those who have served as postmaster in Washington, and the date of their appointment, since the first:

Congress has made an ap])ro])riation of si.\ty thonsan<l dollars for a ]3ustoffice building in Washington; five thousand of this has been used in the purchase of a site, and some money has been expended in the preliminary and foundation work. As soon as the other part of the api)ri ipri.ation is available the cnntract for the construction of the building will be .awarded and in tine time Washington will iia\'e a snitable place fur the handling of the large amount of mail matter passing through the office, an accommodation tliat the city is very much in need of at the present time.

. The movement for the establishment of a puldic library in W^ashington had its origin in act of the Legislature, providing that a certain per cent, of the proceeds derived from the sale of town lots should be used for that purpose. This provision was incorporated in the act creating Daviess county, and it was provided that the library should be established andLmaintained as a county liljrary. In acccjrdance with the provisions of this act, a small fund was secured and a library was established in the early twenties. The making of many books was not as [jrevalent then as now, and the selection of books for this first library was conlined to a \ery limited list.

If there was anything in the nature of light rea<ling. in the catalogue of books, from which selections might have been made at that time, the persons who made the selections for the first lil)rary certainly overlooked the chance. Among the selections made were the following: "History of the Martyrs, " I'.uck's "Theological Dictionarj'," Wesley's "Sermons," "Pilgrim's Progress," Young's "Night Thoughts," Thompson's "Seasons," Harvey's "Meditations," "Charles the Fifth," l^ollin's "Ancient History," Plutarch's "]-i\-es," Grimshaw's "History of the United .States,!! .Addison's "Spectator," Locke's Essays, Jeft'erson's "Notes," Woodbridge's Geography, "Children of the Abbey," Byron's \V()rks, Pope's Essays, Shakespeare's Plays, Josephns's Works, and the like.

The librarian, in charge of a library stocked with heavy literature of this character, would not be overworked in handling the rush of school children for books, if the children of that time were like the children of the present time.

An act of the Legislature of 185J, provided for the establishment of township libraries. The townships were recpiired to j)a\' a small sum toward the expense and make suitable provision for the care of the books and the maintenance of the library. The books were to be furnished at the expense of the state. In 1854 and 1855, under the provisions of this act, the state distributed about eight .sets, of three hundred volumes each, to the several townships of Daviess county. In these sets were all the leading works of that period, including many volumes of high merit. The township trustee was the custodian of these libraries, and for awhile they were very po[nilar

Daviess Cuunty, Indiana. 3Ii

.and largely patronized. Remnants of these township libraries may still be found in the office of townsliip trustees; but most of the books of value will be found in the private libraries of citizens of the several townships, the books apparently having- been taken out and never returned. Through the negligence of the custodian, no record was kept, and the borrower in time became the undisputed owner of the books. The township library books were all in substantial binding, and, unless wilfully destroyed, are, no doubt, in good condition.

About the time of the distribution of the township library books, William McClure, a citizen of New Harmony, of great wealth, died, leaving a large fortune as a bequest for the founding of public libraries throughout the state for the benefit of the working classes. These were known as the McClure, or working men's lijjraries, and were very popular wherever established. Several of these libraries were obtained for localities in Daviess county and were maintained for se\'eral years, to the great advantage of the community in which they were located. Like the township libraries, in time the books of the McClure libraries got into the hands of persons who were careless or indifferent about returning them. The custo<lian of the library was alike careless and indifferent about keeping a record of the books, and they are now scattered about in [irivale Iil)raries. A remnant may possibly be found in public libraries of later estal)lishment in the schools and tow^ns the county.

The Carnegie public liljrary of WKshington originated'in a suggestion made by the ladies of the Mon<lay Afternoon Club. Acting upon the suggestion, a meeting of a!)out twelve citizens was held, February 21, 1901, in the office of Gardiner & Slimi>. Al that meeting a committee was appointed, consisting of l\e\ , I. I. (iorbv, b'.zra .Mattingly and John W. McCarty, to civrrespond with .\ndrew Laniegie, for the purpose of ascertaining the conditions, and the amount he would be willing to donate, for the establishment of a pul)lic library in the city of Washington. Mr. Carnegie promptly responded to the inquiry of the committee, making an offer of fifteen thousand dollars for the establishment of the proposed library, which amount was afterward increased to twenty thousand dollars. The usual conditions were imposed as a condition io this donation : that an amount e(|ual t(j ten jier cent, of this donation should be guaranteed annually Ijy the city as a fimd for the permanent maintenance of the library. The cit\' council accepted

On June 14, Kjoi, Joseph Cabcl generously donated a large tract of ground, located on West Main street, for a library site and a public park. In accordance with a provision of an act of the General Assembly of 1901, a library board of seven members was appointed, three of whom were appointed by the judge of the circuft court, two by the city council and two by the city school board. Judge William R. Gardiner and Mayor John \V. McCarty were appointed by Judge Houghton, of the circuit court; William F. Hoifniann and Mrs. J. M. Wakefield, by the city council; Ezra Mattingly and Mrs. T. A. Ackley, by the city school board. Mr. Hoifniann tlietl m October 24, 1901, and Ilamlet Allen was appointed in his platf. ]\Irs. Wakefield and Mrs. Ackley resigned and their places were filled by Airs. Austin F. Cabel and Mrs. J. W. Corning.

Patton & Miller, of Chicago, were selected as architects, plans and specifications were adopted, and a cnntrsct was let to Bulley & Andrews for the construction of the building. The contract ]irice was sixteen thousand f(jur hundred and ninet\--(ine dollars, for all the work except heating,, lighting, plumbing, .-lewerage, gas and water fittings, l-'urniturc and book cases, and the work of finishing the two basement roums, were also in addition to the contract price. The first brick was laid by Haiulet Allen in May, 1902. The building was completed and ready for occupancy by the latter part of Decemljer, 1902. The structure is of stone and brick, and is well and carefully built, of durable material a^id of the most ai)pro\'ed style nf W(jri<manship. The architectural design is for a building uf a durable and buljstantial character rather lliiin une ij.i which the ornamental and artistic features are most prominent.

John H. (J'Xeal, acting fi>r himself, and in CDUijiliance with the wishes cif his father-in-law, the late Dr. (i. G. I'.artdn. dcli\erc(l tci tlie library Imard over one thousand volumes. Some of these \vere books behjuging to Mr. O'Neal, and some that were left in his custody, years ago, b\' Dcictor Barton,. for library purposes. There are ncnv about ten thousand volumes in the library, of which lifty are the projierty i>f U. S. Grant Po.st No. 72. (irand Army of the Republic, which ba\e been plactwJ in the library fur use and for safekeeping.

1 The tirsl librarian was Mrs. .\nnie 11. Gibson, whi> was appuiiUed in 1902, and began her work on January 7, VA).\ Those who ha\e served as librarians since the establishment of the Carnegie library are the follnwinsr: .Mrs. .\nnie Gibson. 1903 to I'Md; Miss [.ucia I'.ogner, I'ilO to 1911;

Daviess Cotnty, Indiana. 313'

Miss Helen Allen, l')ll to 1913. .Miss .Mary l-'.. Waller is the present librarian, having Ijegnn lier work in 1913, suceeedin^ Miss .\llen. Miss .\ilelia I'aslo is the assistant librarian.

^Members of the present board of trnstees are I'rof. Hamlet .Mien, president; ^[ayor John W. McL"arty, vice-president; Ezra Mattingly, secretary and treasurer; \V. \'. Axtell, Mrs. A. \\ Label, Mrs. M. S. Hastings, and Mrs. Mar)' C Shirley.

The following repi irt of the librarian for the month of March, 1915, shows the number of books in the library on that date. The c iinparisim of circulation with the corresijonding nmnth of the ])re\ious )-ear slmws a marked increase in ])atronage, the increase, it will be noted, being about ecjually distributetl between adult and juvenile publications:

Biographical Magness J. Carxahax

The success of men in business or any \ocation depends upon character, as well as upon knowledge. Business demands confidence, and where that is lacking business ends. In every conmiunity some men are known for their upright lives, strong common sense and moral worth rather than for their wealth or political standing. Their neighbors and actiuaintances respect them, the )-ounger generations heed their examples, and when they "Wraj) the drapery of their couches about them and lie down to pleasant dreams," posterity 'listens with reverence to the story of their quiet and useful lives. Among such men of a pa.^t generati(jn, in Indiana, was Magness J. Carnaban, of Washington, Indiana, a progressive man of alfairs, buccessful in material pursuits, but a man of modest and unassuming demeanor, well educated and a line type of the reliable, self-made American, a friend to the poor, charitable to the faults of his neighbors, ready to unite with them in every good work and laudalile public enterprise. He was proud of the county in which he lived, zealous for its progress and prosperity. He perfoi'med valiant service ill behalf of the Union cause during the Civil War and, at the time of his death, was sur\'i\ed by a widow ami a daughter who revere his memory.

iSIaguess J. Carnaban was l)orn on I'"el)ruary lo, 1S44, in Washington, Indiana, lie was a son of Robert and b'liza (Graham) Carnaban, both of whom are nali\es of Kentucky, and who came to Daviess count}-, Indiana, in j)ioneer chus. Magness J. Carnaban had a \-aried career. At the breaking out of the Civil War, be enlisted in Company C, iMfty-fifth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and at the expiration of bis term of enlistment, re-enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Seventeenth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving nine months. He returned from the war and engaged in the clothing business at Loogootee, Indiana, in ])artnership with a Mr. Sefrit. He continued this business but a short time, when he formed another partnership with Thomas Adams and founded the hardware business that is now known as the Reynolds-Brooks Hardware Company.

He [lurcliasctl tlic interest of Mr. Adams in 1S73 aiul worked alone till 1884, when Lewis C. Brooks and ller\ey 'rruehlood became members of the firm under the name of Carnahan & Conipanj'. The O'Uonnell-Barrows Hardware Comi)any, of \\''a.shinL;t(_in, is the successor to iM. J. Carnahan Company. He thus built up two of the larL;est implement stores in southern Indiana. At one time he w*i als<i eiii^aged in the grain and lumber business at Loogootee, and established a line n\ saw-nulls. Later, he established a idaningniill at Loogootee, an<l still later he estal)lished the Carnahan Manufacturing Compau}' there. He resided in Loogootee until 1900, when he moved to Washington.

Magness j. Carnahan was twice married, the first time at Louisville^ {-ventucky, in iS/-', to Hattie Dunu, who died in iNS'5. His second marriage was to Margaret Trippet, in i8S(), and to this second marriage twi> children were born, Helen, a graduate of Wellesley College, and Lamuna,. who died in infancy.

h'or some years ])rior t<i Mr. Carnahan's death, he lived at Washington. Lie liad ;r .splendid and imposing residence on blast .Main street. Afagness J. Carnahan was a member of the I'resbyterian church, in which he was a trustee and ekler. He was a charter member of the (jrand Army of the kepuljlic at Loogootee, and throughout his life was prominent in the affairs of this patriotic organization. While in Washington, Ah\ Carnahan served as a member of the county council.

The life history of the 1 ton. I'.zra Mattingly has been for many years closi'h' identified wiili llie hisinry of Pavie.->v couiily, ludi.ina. 'fiirMughout the _\ears his life has been one of untiring actix'ity cuid it has lieen crowned with a gratifyinjj degree of professional success. By a straightforward, honora.ble course, Mr. Mattingly has built uj) a g(Jod legal business. His life affords a further example of what an .Vmerican youth, unaided by wealth, liut pleutifullv endowed with energy and determination, can accomplish when accompanied by sound moral principles.

blzra Mattingly was born on .\ugnst 27. 1864, in Washington township,. na\iess counlw [ndian;i, and was reared on his f;ilher's larm. He attemled the district schools and the old S<iuthern Indiana .\ormal Scliool at Mitchell. After leaving scliodl, Mr. Mattingly engaged in teaching for seven years.

He tlien studied law in W'ashinjitnn and was adinilted tu the l)ar at the age of twenty-six. He has practiced law in Washington since his admission to the bar. His first partner was William Heffernan, and this firm continued in bu>ine>s fur sixteen and one-half years. IMr. Mattingi\'s present [lartnershi[) with Stephen li. Myers began on December 1, iyU(S.

On September 8, 1892, Mr. Mattingly was married to Tillie Millis, a daughter of ))r. h'dward D. and bliza .Ann ( lUirton ) .Millis, and to this union three children ha\e been born, Caroline, h'.dward J., and (ieorge E. Caroline is a graduate of the Washington high school and also of Franklin College, graduating from the latter institution in Kji^ with high honor.s, and is now principal of the high school at (jreeiis bork, Indiana, lulward J. died in infancy, (ieorge I''., is a freshman in Washington high school.

James Afattingly was first married to Catherine Ijarr, who died, leaving him two children, John and Martha, both of whom died many \ears ago. <)n .March 4, 1849, 'ic \\<is married to Mar}- Ann lierry. They li\-ed in Washington, Indiana, where he engaged in carpenter work until four or live \ea,rs before his death, when tailing health contpelled him ti> return tcj farnnng. lie died on the home farm in Washington township on January 31, 18^15, at the age id' lifty-li\e wars. His widow died on March j(<. 1914, at the age oi eightv-ti\e years. She ne\-er remarried and was for m:my years an artue memlier ol llie Haplist church.

Ihe paternal grandparents of b'.zi'a Mattingly were nati\'es of Kentuckv ancl pinneers (d" Mason counl\'. dhe\- were the jiarents (jf four children, John. .Augustine, SyK'ester and James, all of whom came to 1 )a\ iess county, Indiana. Ihe maternal graudfatlier was llexerly l'ierr_\', wdio was born in Kentucky in 1800 and who died in Dax'iess coiuHy, Indiana, in 1858. He likewise lied from the land of sla\ery to the free soil of Indiana. His was Ann F.liza ( I'lvans ) llerrw also a native of .Mason count\', Kentucky, born in i8oj, who died in Daviess counts', in 1872. They had a large family of children: .\rthur, biNaline, Henry, James M., Mary .\nn.

Mrs. Ezra Mattingly was born in Orange county, Indiana, January 20, 1868, and is the eldest of four children, Tillie, Burton J., Caroline and William E. Her father, Dr. Edward D. Alillis, is a native of Orange county, and her mother of Lawrence county, Indiana. Her mother died on September u, 1898, at the age of fifty-two; her father still resides at Plainville. Her paternal grandfather was Capt. John Millis, who married Nancy Cloud, and her maternal grandfather was Zachariah Burton, who, for his second wife, married Matilda Teegarden. Zachariah Burton was a native of North Carolina, liorn in 1801, who became a ijionecr of Lawrence county, Indiana, where he died in 1S8S. His children were Ransom, Caswell R., Mary S., Hugh F., Virginia C, John C, Margaret. Zachariah, Juliette, Eliza A., Sarah J., William H., (korge W., Caroline and Shubil.

Mr. Mattingly is acti\'ely interested in the civic and commercial affairs of iiis home city; is a director in the State Bank of ^\'ashington, attorney for the Union Savings and Loan Association and a member of the board of the Carnegie public library. He and his family are members of the iVIissionary Ij5a|jtist church and he is a member of the board of trustees of his church and is a deacon of the local congregati(3n. For several years he has served as a mem1)er of the board of trustees of Franklin College.

ThroughoiU liis life, Mr. .Mattingly has been identilied with the fortunes of the Republican party. He served as county attorney for two years and was county chairman in 1892 and 1894. From i<K-)6 until 1910 he was a member of the Indiana state Senate, representing the district of Daviess and Pike counties, where he made an honorable record as a legislator, for which he is well known throiudioiu the state of Indiana.

Prof. Eugene D. Mfrriman

Perse\'erance and sterling worth are almost always sure to win conspicuous recognition in any locality, especially in educational work. Prof. Luigene D. .Merriman, superintendent of the Washington city schools, for yeiurs has been recognized as one of the leading educators oi this state. After an extensive course of training for educational work and wide experience as a te.'icher in the >chools ot Indiana and Illinois, Professor Merriman was called to Washington, as superintendent of city schools, in the fall of 1913, and has made a splendid record as the liead of the schools since arriving in that city. He is a fine example of the successful, self-made man and not only deserves the confidence reposed in him by his fellow citizens, but alsO' possesses a degree of talent and forcefulness of character which have made him successful as an instructor and educator. Professor Merriman is a man of strong fiber and vigorous mentality and has achieved a signal successas a director of educational work.

Prof, liugene D. ^lerriman was horn on August 8, uS/i, in Huntington county, Indiana, the son of Hixun and Angeline (Broughman) Merriman, natives of Indiana, who were the parents of five children. Prof. Eugene D., of Washington; Cyril, of Camden, New Jersey; May, the wife of Fred Stacey, of Camden, New Jersey; Leona, the wife (jf L. C. Bowman, of Chicago; Hortense, who is unmarried and lives in Chicago, and Porrest, who died in early childhood.

Hixon Merriman was reared in Huntington county, Indiana. He owned a farm of forty acres, which he imiiroved and where he reared his family. He sold this farm and m<.ved to Marion, Indiana, where he now resides. His wife died in 1904 at the age of sixty years. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

The paternal grandparents of Prof. Eugene D. Merriman were ]\Iicajah Merriman and wife, natives of Ohio, who came to Indiana as pioneers. They took up land in Huntington county and owned a large farm where they died, well advanced in years. Their children were Hixon, Newton, Wayland, Tacob, Douglas, George and Basil. The maternal grandparents of Professor Merriman also came from Ohio in an early day and settled in Huntington county, in the village of Plum Tree. Mr. Broughman was a blacksmith and died in Plum Tree at an advanced age. They were the parents of five children, Svlvester, Angeline, Fremont, Colonel autl Charles.

Prof. I'.ugene H. Merriman was reared on hi> father's farm in Huntington countv, Indiana, and attended the district >chools. After graduating from the district schools, he was a student at the Indiana State Normal School at Terre Haute and finally at DePauw Lhiiversity :ind the Indiana State University at Bloomington. After leaving Indiana University, he began teaching in the district .schools of his home county and taught there for several years. His first principalshij) was at I'.ast Chicago, Indiana, alter which he became sui)erintendent of the North townshi]) schools, including East Chicago and Whiting. He remaincil there for seven years and then became a stuilent at Cornell University at Ithaca. New York, being graduated from this university in 1905, with the degree of Bachelor of .Arts.

From Cornell, he went to Belvidere, Illinois, as superintenilenl of the city schools and was there for eight years. During this period he attended Ciiicago University, from which institution he secured the degree of Master of Philosophy in 191 1. Professor "Merriman was called tn Washington, Indiana, in 191 3, as superintendent of the city schools there. There are three hundred students in the higli school and almut lifteen hundred pupils in the public schools of the county ^eat, over whom Pro lessor Merriman has direct supervi^ion. Superintendent Merriman is at present in attendance at Chicago University, during the summers, working for his Doctor's degree.

Prof, luigene 1). Merriman was married on August 15, 1896, to Elizabeth Stout, daughter of Job C. and Mary (Brady) Stout. One son, Merrill \'., has been born to this nni<in.

.Mrs. Merriman was born in Huntington countw Indiana. Her parents were natives of ( )hio, ami early settler^ in lluntingi-m c<ium_\-. Her father died in 1010, at llie age of seventy years, and her mother is still living. I hey were the p.-ueuts of six children. I'.Ua. jenme. Mattie, William, bdizabeth and Xettie.

Professor Merriman and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and take an. active part in the affairs of this church, to which they are liberrd contributors. iM-aternally, Professor .Merriman belongs to Washington Lodge Xo. 30, Free and .\cceiited Masons. Washington Chapter X(j. 9_>, Royal .\rch .Masons; the Knights of Pythias; the Royal Arcanum and the Modern Woodmen of .America. Professor and Mrs. Merriman are members of the Order of the b'.astern Star. Professor Merriman is a member of the Xational I'.ducation .Association and has been prominently connected with the ]iroeeedings of that assuciatiion. Mr. and Mrs. Alerriman are popular in the uncial life of Washington and leaders in the social and civic at'fairs of that citv.

The man who ilevotes his talents and energies to the nol)le work of ministering to the ills and alleviating the sufferings of humanity iiursues a calling which in dignity and imixirtance is second to none other. If true to his profession and earnest in his efforts to enlarge his sphere of usefulness, he is indeed a great benefactor to all of his kind, for to him more than to anv other man are entrusted the safety, the comfort, and in m.any instances the lives of tliose who place themselves under his care. Among this class of i)rufessi(.inal men is Dr. Charles 1'. SciuKler, who has stood for many years, with few peers and no superiors, among the physicians of Daviess county, Indiana. During this time he nut only has gained wide distinction in his chosen vocation, hut also has estahlished a suhstantial reputation for uprightness and character in all the relations of life. Doctor Scudder early realizetl that ti« those who attained well-delnied success in the ntedical ])rofession there must he given not only technical ahility, 1)Ut nho hruad human svnipath\ - a sympathy which passes nu-re sentiment and which l.iecomes an actuating motive for helpfulness, and ever has sought tu li\e up to this ideal, thus adding dignity ;uid honor to his pnd'ession \)y nohle purposes.

Charles I'. Scu<lder, Al. D., physician and surgeon, of Washington, Indiana, was horn in that city Novemher 8, 1859, a son of Dr. John A. and Helen ( \'an Trees) Scudder, n.atives of Daviess county, who were the pareius of se\en chililren, namely: Dr. Charles P., with whom this narrative deals; Tillie I'., the wife of S. I'.. I'.oyd, of tlie U'asliiiu/lon Democrat, I.aura (i., the wife of John 1.. Winston, of Washingtou; .\nna \''., the wife of U. C. I.)a\is, of Iiiih'ana]iohs : Dr. David A., deceased, and two who died yotnig.

The late Dr. lolm-A. Scudder, was reared in Daviess county, Indiana, and was a phvsician pr.acticing in Washington for thirtv-live i,r forty years. He served throughout the Civil War as an army surgeon and died in 1896, at tlie age of sixtv-three vears. His widow still survives him. Both were memhers of the Cumherland I 'reshyterian church. He was pension examiner in Washington for more than thirty-live years.

d"he paternal grandfather of Dr. Charles I'. Sctulder was Jacob S. Scudder, whose wife was Matilda Arrell. The former was a native of Daviess countv, Indiana, an<l the latter a native of Pennsylvania. They were piouier farmers of \\-ale lownship, this counlw their home being .si.K miles soinhwest of Washington. Jacob S. Scudder died in middle life, while his widow lived to reach the age of seventy-five. They were the parents of Dr. John A., .Mrs. I'.lizalieth 1'. Hall, James, Pmm;i and Dr. ("harles, of whom Mrs. Hall is the only survivor.

)ohn Scudiler, the great-grandfather of Dr. Charles P. Scmlder, was born in l-Teehold, New Jersey, and moved to Daviess county, Indiana, in 1811). He was a surgeon in the Revolutionary army, serving in tiie regiment of his father, Col. Nathaniel Scudder, also a i)iiysician, who was born on Long Lsland. His parents moved to Princeton, New Jersey, when he was (21)

On August JO, 11^05, Dnctor Scnddei- was married to Luuise J. Stam- I>er, ;i daughter of William W. and lU-rlie (l)a\'is) Stamper, and to this uniiin four children lia\e been horn, (di.arles 1'., Jnliii A., William W. and Daxid h'enwick', the lal"ter of whom died at the age of twn and Mue-half years. Airs. Scudder was linrn in Owen cnuntN', Keiituckw ller parents, who likewise were natives of that onmly, ;ire nnw h\ing in Lnnisville, Kentnckw Tlie\' are the parents ul four children, I.onise j., who married Doctor Scudder; Mr>. Ruth S\\<i])u; Mrs. .\. W. hdlen, and jnhn, the latter of whom died when a child.

.Mrs. Scudder's father is a native i)f Kentucky, ;md is niie of twn children hnrii to his parents, William W. ;uiil i'dw-nnd .Stamper, the latter nf wlinm is cniinected wilh the .'^ecniid Xaliniial I'.ank, ni 1 .nnis\ille. Mrs. Scudder's maternal grandlather was Altred I'. Da\-is, wlm was a n;ili\e i>i Kentnck\', in which state he spent his entire lile. lie was the father of fnur children, Richard C., John ()., denrgc and liertie, by his first marriage; and by his second marriage he had two children, 1 larry ;md Mrs. .\llie Jones.

The fnunder ni the Scudder family in Amciea was Tlmm.as Scudder, who came fmui London, luigkand, and who li\ed at .S.aleni, .Mass.achuset ts, as earh' as 1635. There he resided until his death in 1113S. Ijis wife was I'dizabeth Scudder.

Charles 1'. .Scudder, M. D., is a member nf the Da\iess Cniinty Medical Societx', the Indiana State .Medical .\ssneiatinn ;md the .Americrni .Medical

Ernest E. I'Orsvthe

AuKjiij^- the enterprisin.i,^, pro-ressive and puhlic-spinted men, whose activities in husiness and political circles, as well as in pulilic all'airs, have made Daviess county one (if the thrivuij,'- comities of Indiana, and the city of Washin.t^ton an important center of commerce and indu'-try, is Ernest ]-orsythe, who is at present holiliiij.; the respousihlc p.isition of pc.stmaster at \\'ashin,i.;t</n, and who is re,i;arded a> one of the mlluential men of Wa>hiiigton and Da\iess count \-.

I'j-nest !-;. I'orythe was horn on .\pril _>, 1S7;,, at Xine\eh, in Johnson county, Indiana, the son of l)a\id I', .uid Mar} I.. (I.o-an) h'or>vihe, the former of whom wa-^ a native id' johnsou county, Indiana, and the latter of Kentucky. .M]-s. .Mary L, l'"orsythe rode on the horn of a sa.ldle with her mother, when a hahy, in coming; fr(jm Oldham count v, Kentucky, to Johnson county, Indiana, wdiere she ^^rew to wdmanliooil and was married, and where the rest of her life was spent, her death occurrin;.;- in 1903. David 1'. h"ors)lhe died on .March jS, i(;i5, at the home of his >on, the suliject of this sketch, [lis wife was originally a memher of the l'.apti>t church (old .school), hut later identified herself with the Methodist church. They were farmers in Johnson county, .Mr. h"ors\the owninu;- a farm of ei,L;ht\ acre-, \ which he s,,ld hefore mo\m^ into Xiiieveh. Tlie\ were the |)arenis of ten children. Thomas T., deceax-d ; Martha !.., deceased, who was the wife ni .\. C. Deer; .Sarah J., deceased; who was the wife of \\'. D. Terhnne; Mora, the wife of h'rank Cliamhers, of Clermont, Indi.ana; ( )scar 1)., of W'ashin,i;ton, this comity; Jose]ihine. the wife of X. h'. Houston, of Topeka, Kansas; John E., of San Dici^o, California; .Mar,L;arel ].., the wife of .Marshall Deer, of Johnson county, Indiana; I'.rnest \'.., of Washin.s^ton, and Cussie 1^., the wife of Dr. J. J. IV'cr, of Zionsville, In. liana.

upon which they settled upon coming to this state. They brought their slaves with them from the South, but upon arriving on free soil freed their bondmen. The latter remained with them, however, and were Ijuried in the same graveyard with their former master and mistress. The children liorn to David I'orsytlie and wife were David 1\, .Sarah and I'etsey. Davitl Fursythe was married, secondly, to a Miss I.awins and two children were burn to this latter union, yVndrew J. and Elkanah.

The great-gr;uid father of ICrnest Iv iM.irsythe was also David Forsythe. He was the original D.avid of the American line of this famil\' and his wife was a girl that he had cared for on the voyage across the ocean to America. The original David b"or-;ythe was born in Ireland and was a memlier of the Protestant cliurch. lie. mo\'cd from Ireland to Scitland and thence to America, to ol)tain religious freedom. lie located in \'irginia, married Margaret (iiblnns ;iud reared a family, the numerous ])rogcny of which is now represented in m.au)' st.ates in the Union.

I'.rne^t b.. In irsytbe's maternal grandparents were ](jhn anil I'aulina (Sturgeon) I.og.an. the former of whom wa^ a nati\'e r.f Ireland. The\' were married in Kentucky and were pioneers in Johnson count}', Indiana, where he was a plasterer by trade and later a farmer. They ilied on the old home place in Johnson county. They were the parents of Harry, Mary L., John, Margaret, bdliot and Nancy Katon.

b'.rne^t F.. b'orsythe, the sul^ject of this sketch, was reared in Nineveh, Indi.aiia, but was brought up as a farmer lad. He attendeil the Nineveh public schools and the high scln ml and then went In the Dan\-ille Normal school, where he ti>ok the teachers' course. .Afterwards he taught in the public schools of Johnson county for one year and then accepted a position with the Rock Island Kaiboail, at I lerringlcjii, Kan.sas. He worked in the baggage and freight department ol' that rn.id for a time and later in the general ol'lices of the Santa he Railroad at Topeka, Kan^a.s, which latter j>o^ition he resigneil to accept a prtiposition from a Chicago portrait com])any as state agent for Indiana, with headipiarters at Indianapolis. While occui)ying this position lie was married, on June i, 1S96, to Mabel C. b'i.^her, the daughter of William II. and .Mary J. ( Giiod) Fisher, of Franklin, Indian.!, to which union two children lia\e been born, Harold, now aged seventeen, and Paul, aged eight.

Mrs. Forsythe was born in Johnson county, Indiana, her parents also being natives of the same county. The latter now reside in Franklin, where they celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary in (Dctc>ber, 1914. They have live children, Lester, Herbert M.. Farl C, Nellie and Mabel C. Mrs.

Mr. Fcirsythe is an etticient postmaster, lie was appointed to that respunsiijle nftice in August, 1913, and is now holding the position, his service proving very satisfactory to the patrons of the W^ashington post otifice. Mr. Forsythe is a Democrat and for years has been active in the councils of his party. ]\lr. and Airs. Forsythe are niemhers of the Christian churcli as also is their son, Flarold. Mr. i'orsythe lielongs to i\loore Lodge No. 304, Free and Accepted Masons, of CJdon, Indiana; Washington Cha])ter No. 92, Royal Arch INIasons; the ^Vashington lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; the C^don lodge of Knights of I'ythias, and the Wasliinglon lodge of the Modern Woodmen of America. Frnest F. Forsythe is not only an efficient postmaster, but he is a g<iod citizen and is held in high esteem by a host of friends and acquaintances who know him Ix-st.

In and around the town of I'Jnura, in I'"lin(ire to\\n>hip, Da\'iess county, and throughout that whole part of the C(,iunt\', tliert- is perhaps no one who does not kn(jw the gentleman whose name is noteil aljove. Mr. Whisman is not only the heaviest property owner in the t(jwn of Elnora, hut is one of the most extensive farmers and stock raisers in the county, his business operations covering a wide range. As farmer, stock raiser, merchant and banker, he has been a successful manager in all he has undertaken and in consequence wields a large measure of influence in the community in which his activities for years have been e.\i)ended. Not oidy is he widely known, luit he i.-> perM'iialK popular among ail with wlunu he comes in cont.acl and there arc few men in the connt\ who ha\e a larger i)Lr.sonal folldwing than he. A iaige man, ol exceptional physic;d endowment, he al^o is a man of large heart and his friends are limited onl_\- hy tiie nnmher of his ac(|uaintances. It is a pleasure therelorc lor the hiograpiier here to call the reader's attention to a brief re\'iew of the achievements of this notable personality, whose intluence in belialf of belter tilings in Daviess county has been for so many years so wisely and widely exerted.

S\l\ester A. Whisman was born in Monroe county, Imliana, near the village of Flletsville, on January -'3, iS^J, the son of (ieorge anil Leltie ( I lit^htower ) Whisman, the former of whom was a native of X'irginia and

Mr. W'hism.an believes in doiuj; things on a larj^e scale and for years man;ii(ed no less than one thous.and acre- of land in the vicinit)- of I-^hiora. As hi- other business interest- i^rew, however, he L;radnally reduced hi-. f.arm holdin,L;s until now he operate- Iml four hundred and thirty-seven acres; In- sons am! farm employees doini; the acti\e work of the larm, to which -eiieral f.irmiuii i- aikled -tock raisiii- on an e\teu-ive scale, ]ianicular atteiilioii beiui; paid to white-faced cattle and the hi-- ty]ie of Toland- L'hiu.a Iii'.l;-. Mr. Whi-man ,L;i\iu.U his clo>e per-onal ;iltention to the ilirection ni the various jjlra-es of the cultualiou of hi> broad llelds.

vicinity as a nieniher d the iiiwnsliip advis'iry Imavd, liis excellent executive ability and snuud business jiid.tinient prox^ini,' invaluable in that cimnection. ^ Mr, Wdiisnian has been thriee niarrie<l. liy his tirst wife, \\h<i was Carrie 1!. ('unstable, he had one child, a daughter, b'dl.a, who niarrieil I-Jirl Melsheiiner. lie nianied, secnudh-, Nellie nutluu, tn which iniion fuur children were born, Joseph, Kiehard, llarr\' and William, the latter of whom is deceased. l!v his third wife, ( )ma Williams, there were two children, <laui;lUers, Lucy and Mary. To all these children Mr. Whitman has been a most devoted father and his sons, under his careful Iraininc;', are tak'in.L;' an e-arnest and active ]iart in the atTair^ of the locality in which they were reared, 'idiere are few men in Daviess county who are doing a lars^'er work than is Mr. Whisman and he is re^yarded with the utmost respect and esteem b 'all w ho know him.

lolin Clsi k/ti>f^Y*'^<^'' "d" John L.. was reared in Indi.ana, and was a farmer fu f5'<?<:IV.u.vCounty, Later he became a merchant at Weisburg, and for some vears before coming to Dasiess county, o])eraled a saw-milk In liis latter vears he was a fanner in Steele township, where he owned a f.arm of eighty acres, lie died there in.iS^S, at the age of seventy-four years.

His wife died in 1S69. Both were members of the Alethodist church. John Clark was a man of rather wide pohtical inHuence in Daviess countv, having served two terms as county commissioner, an dlVice wiiich he tilled with exceptional ability.

John L. Clark's paternal grandparents were natives of North Carolina and early settlers of the eastern part of Indiana. Their children were William, John, Samuel and a daughter.

John L. Clark was reared mostly in Daviess county, Indiana, and has !i\ed here from the time he was nine years old. He was reared as a farmer l)oy and attendetl the district schools, living at home until he reached his maturity. He then married and rented land for .several years. Finally he purchased forty acres of land in Steele township, which he improved and then added thirty-eight acres, which he still owns. He lived there until the spring ui 1913. at which time he was appointed to fill out an unexpired term as countv treasurer, lie lia\ing prc\ioiislv, in 191J, licen elected to the same otVice, antl he is still holding this oftice. Mr. (_lark also served four years as trustee of I^iogard township.

On February j6, 1883, Juhn L. Clark was married^o ]\Iary E. ^Morgan, a daughter of James and Laura (I'.urris) ^Morgan, natives of Indiana, and to this happy union seven children were b(jrn, Len L., Ra\'mond ]L.. John \'., \'ivian, Edwin, Lyle and Emma. I^n L. is a carpenter at Bickell, Indiana. He married Effie Dalton, and they ha\e one child, h'red. \'i\ian died at the age of nine months and lunnia at the age of four months. The other children are all at home.

]\Irs. Alary I^. (Morgan) Clark, the mother of these children, died on lanuary u, ii;i_'. at the age of thirty-eight. She was born in Barr township and was a member of the Methodist EpisC(jpal church. Her father died in tooi) at the age of seventv-six. and her ni' illu-r is still living. James and l.aur;i (I'lUiris) .Morgan were tlie iiarenls ,,f thirteen children. Delia, Marv, William, 'i"honi;is, James, Lucretia, liattie, John and l-Vank, twins; Lucinda, Alartha, Sarah and Ethel.

On October 6, 1909, Mr. Clark married, secondly, Sarah E. Small, a daughter of \\'illiam H. and .\iui i , San ford 1 Small, and to this union two children ha\'e been liorn, Robert and Walter, the forn'«r of vhoni died at the age of eighteen months. Airs. Sara.h E. 1 Sriial!)' Clark was jjorn in Barr township. Her parents are now deceascil. They were early settlers in Barr township, and were the ])arents of eleven children, Joseph, Reui)en, John, r.enj.imin, Virginia, Tabitha, Mary, I.ucretia, Helen, Sarah E. and Thi'imas.

iMr. Clark is a lucmljer of tlie Cliristian (.'luircli, while Mrs. Clark helongs to the ISaptist church. Politically, Air. Clark is a Democrat and for years has Ijeen a potent factor in the political alfairs of Da\'iess countv. lie is a modest, unassuming man, although he has won more than ordinary success in life; first, ha\ing made a success in his life's vocation; secondly, having served the jieople of 1 );i\'iess county in a satisfactory manner, in at least two important oftices. llis integrity is heyond (piestion, and he is not only highly respectetl by the jieople of Daviess county, Ijut he is much admired for what he has been alole to accomiilish in life.

There is no station in life higher than that of the nn'nistry of the Gospel; no life can do more dignified and uplifting than that which is devoted to the amelioration of the condition (if the human race; a life of sacrifice for the l)ettermeut of the brotherhood of man, one that is willing to cast asitle all earthly crowns anil huu'els of fame in order to follow in the footsteps of the lowly Xazarene. ( )ne of those self-sacrificing, ardent, loyal and true sjjirits is the Rev. Charles II. P.uchanan, whose life forcefully illustrates what energy, integrity and a li.xed purpose can accomplish, when animated by noble aims and correct ideals. He has ever held the confidenceand esteem of the people among whom he labors, and his career may be jirofitably studied bv the amliitious youth, stantling at the parting of the ways.

Charles H. Uuchanan i^ a n.ative of St. John, province of Xew Brunswick. Canada, where he was born on Xovember 5, 1S75. the son of James and .Mar\' |. ((ia\') lUiclianaii. boih of whom were of luiglish descent. The father was born oil .November _7, 1S4-', in London. England, his father, |ames \V. liuclian.in, h;iving been a native of Glasgow, Scotland, where he was engaged in the bookbinding business. James Uurhanan was cduc;ited in the pujiiic schools of his native citv and country and remained there until seventeen years of age, when he decided to leave I'.ngland for Can.ada. At the ag^ of twenty-three he eiUered the I'.nglish army, was duly assigned ;ind later became a sergeant, then was jiroinoted to the ranks of major and drill-master of St. John's Infantry. He remaine<l in the army service for a period of twenty-eight years and then establislu-d him-elf in the bookbinding business in St. bibn, Xew Brunswick, Canada, which he continued for twenty-three years and at the present time is \v<^rking at tliat trade. He was the founder anil organizer of wliat is known as the Scots ^.-onipany of the bo)'s brigade, of St. John. His wife, Ahiry J. (iay, was horn on June 12, 184CS, in Souierside. ['rince J'ldward Island To their union were horn eight children named, m the order of their hirth, as follow: Cleorge A., horn on September 3, iSOiS, who married a Miss L'rofout and now li\es in Syracuse, .\ew York, where he is president tA a chenncal company; William J., .Vugust jS, 1870, who married Maud llanna, now li\ing in the city of ISrooklyn, .\ew ^'ork. where he is pastor of a I'ongregational church; Anna .Maud, June 10, 1N73, who married .\lfred lluckle, and died in September, 10(^4; Charles 11., the subject nf this re\ iew ; .Minnie 1., December -'5, 1N77, who i^ now Mrs. I'jjward Smith, of Springfield, Massachusetts; I'di/.abeth day, .Ma}- 7, iNNo, who married l'erc\' W. Campbell and died in Jul\, ii/)7; .\giies I.., April 13, iSNj, who is the wife ui i'dbndge ilcnn, and \ictoria k., .Xugn^t J4, 1SX7, who marrieil Walter Spronl. The parents ol these children are h\ing in C_'auada and are active and de\out members ol the rresbylerian church in their home cit\-, where the)' eiijoN the liig'h regard and coiilidence ol all who know them. Their h\es ha\e been ideal ,uid and ha\e been marked by the utmost de\otioii i.. their children.

( harles II. r.uch.nian receixed his earl\- education in the public schiiols of ."^t. (oliii, Xew lli'imsw ick, and Ined with his ]i:ireiits until about the age of uineleen. 1 )ui"iiig this time he was occupied \'<v the term of b\e )-ears as an a|)i)remicc in the tiusmithing and pliuubing trades, 1mt, has'ing decided that his \-ocation la\- iu auotlier line, he lell St. Ji4iii when twentyone \ears of age and came to the United States. .i;oing to l,e.\iugton, Kentucky, where he became enrolled iu a I'.ilile CMlk-gc, where he remained during the \'ears 18(17, i,'~Ji|8 :\.nA iSom preparing himself l(ir the miiiisir\-. After Ills gi.uhiation, iu iNwci. he went to IJiioio. n,i\ icss county, Indiana, lia\ ing been assigned to the pastorate of the hirst (luislian church of that jilace, and on Jami;ir_\' jy of that _\'ear was married ti' liradie Lane. During the years i8i;i) and njuo he ser\ed as pastor for the church naiued, in lilnoro, and also took up work in connection with the I'irst ( hrisinni church in the town of Odon, this county, and lor lour years jireached iov both congregations. In the year \')i\] he organized a congregation in I'lain- \ille, this counlv, and kept this under his charge until nju. At the i)resent time Ue\erend Uuchanan divides his time between his congregation in I'dnoro. this countv, and the congregation of tiie Christian cluircli in Houston, Jackson count}-, Indiana. '

Rev. Charles PI. JJuchaiian and wife, who make their lioiue with Doctor Lane, are the parents uf two cliiklren, Allen K., horn on March 9, 1908, and died on September 24, 19 13. The Rev. Charles 11. lUichanan is held in the highest regard thruiighunt the witle held covered by his nn'nislerial labors, and his tlevotion, as a worker in the eanse of his blaster, merits for him a place in any history tonching upon the li\es and deeds of those who have given the best of their powers and talents for the aid and betterment of mankind in this section of the state. To those who are familiar with his life there comes a feeling ui re\erence in the contem])Iation of his services and their benehcent results. His long labors in this community ha\e endeared him to the hearts of everyone with whom he lias come in contact and he is, in the most significant sense, regartled as a true friend of humanity.

The life of l^lmer E. Hastings has Ijeen for many years closely identified with the history of Daviess county, Indiana. His life has been crowned with a degree of i)r<jfessional success attained by comparatively few of tln.ise who aspire t(_) eminence in the legal profession. Although a comparati\-ely young man, x'cars of conscientious work as a lawyer ha\-e brought with them not oiilv an increase of practice, but a liigher and more eminent standing in the estimation of his clients and fellow citizens. Mr. Hastings" life is an excellent example of what may be acccMn])lished by a young man endowed with common sense, energy and determination. He has achiex'ed a splendid reijutation bef(jre the bar, at an age when many are merely starting out on their life's work. He has always been methodical and unswervingly persistent in se.arib of essenti:ds.

l\lmer E. Hastings, of the law firm of Hastings, .\llen iS: Hastings, Washington, Indiana, was born in llogaril township, Daxiess count}-, on March 4, 1870, a son of John A. and Laiu'a (Allen) Hastings, whose fanu'ly liistorv is CMUtained in the biographical sketch of Al. S. H.astings, a brother of I'^lmer I'',., presented elsewhere in this volume.

I'.lincr 1'.. Ha.stings was reared on his father's farm in Px.g.'ird township, and .attended the pulilic schools of this county and the Southern Indiaii.a Normal School at Mitchell, a-, well as the Central Normal School at Dan- \ille. Indian.i, being graduated from the latter school in 1891. While a student at the l)an\illc sc1io(j1, Mr. Hastings took the scieinific and liter.arv

After graduatiun, he taught school; iu fact, he had taught several terms hefore leaving Danville. Two years later, he hegau the .study of law in the office of Ilastings & Allen. Mr. Hastings was admitted to the liar iu I1S92, and on January 1, 1894, he hecaiuc a meiulicr of the firm of Hastings, Allen & Hastings, which firm h;is cunlinued in husiness in Washington since that time, a ]jeriod of nearly a quarter of a ccnturv. It is one of the oldest and well-established law firms of Washingtcm and enioys a large antl lucrative practice in the courts throughout this section of fudiana.

Shortly after his adiuission to the liar, Ivlmer l'~. Hastings was luarried, Nowmlier 30, 1^93, to Ijerlha J. Garten, who was liorn in Madison township, this county, the daughter of I'aiit. James H. and ?vlary E. (Booth) Garten, to which hap]iy union three children have been born, Ralph G., John S. and F.leanor \i.

Caiit. James H. tiarten was a nati\-e of Indiana. ha\ ing been born in I.awreme county, but he grew to manhooil in Da\ies county. His wife was born in ( )hio and came to na\'iess coiint\' when ;i child. C';iptain Garten died on April 15, 11)14, at the age of se\ eiUy-se\'en. His wife had preceded him to the gra\e in iSij_'. t'ai)t. James II. ( iarten was a si^ldier in the Union armv during the ('i\il W'.ir. lie enlisted .is a prnate and w .as mustered out <if the service as a ca|)lain. I le and his wife were the p.arents i>f two children, James IL and ilerlha J.

I'dmer \i. Hastings is a Kepublican and served as eitv atli-irne\' of Washington for two ye.'irs; deputy prosecuting attorney for four years and prosecuting attorney for one term of two years. i\lr. Hastings was city chairni.an of the l\c]iublican coiumittee through four campaigns. He was president of the IJncoIn League of Indiana in loro ;md njii. ]\!r. and Mrs. Hastings .are luembers of the Methodist l{pi<copal church. He is one of the tru-tees of the chinch and i> jircsident of the r.rotherhood class. Traternallw .Mr. H;istmgs is a member of ('h;irity Lodge Xo. 30. hVee and .Accepted .Masons; W.ashingtou Ghapler Xo. i)J. Royal .\rch Masons; Washington ( "onuuandery No. 33, Knights 'rem]il;ir; Liwrpool I,eidge No. iio, lnde]iendeut Order of Odd Fellows, and W.ashingtou Lodge Xo. 933, Henevolent and Protective Order of I-dks. He was grand master of the Indiana grand lodge of Independent Order of Odd Fellows in 1907. Mr. and Mrs. Hastings reside at 609 East Walnut street, \Vashington, Indiana.

Elmer E. Ha.stings is one of the influential figures in the councils of his ]);irtv in the second Congressional district and has Iieen so for many years. Ly reason of his connection with the Lincoln League of Indiana, he has the reputatinn which extends lieyniid the limits of the secuiid district. He is genial in (hspositinn and. Iiy training and temperament, is well e(|ni])- ped for the duties (if a i)nl)lic career.

Imliana has heen esp.eciall)' honored in the character and career of lier men of industry and piihlic .-er\ice. Jn ever\- section have heen found men horn to leadershi]) in the \-arions \ocation>; men who lia\e dominated hecaiise of their superior mtelhgence, natural endowment and force of character. It is al\\a\s ])rohlahle to stud) the li\es ot such men, to weigh their motues and to hoM up their achie\ements as iiiceuti\es to greater acti\itv and higher excellence on the part of others. Ihese relleclious are suggested h)' the career ot one who has lorgeil his \\a\ to the tiout r;mks and who. hy a strong inherent force and marked husiness ahility, directed and ccnitrollcil h\- intelligence and judgment ( d' ;i high order, has heen recognized, for o\er a (|uarter of a ceiiturv, as one of the leading men cd" the state. Xo citizen in sontlierii Indiana has achie\'ed more houornhle mention or occupied a more conspicuous place in the piihlic e\'e than Senator fames I'orter, of Washington. Success js tiie result ot methodical and coiisecuti\e eiiileavor. Senator I'orter's success was .attained hy normal methods and me.ans - the determined a])plicalion of nieutal and ph\'sical resources along correctlv deliiied lines. I'o offer, in a work of this cliar.acter, an ade- (|uate resume cif the career o I this ni;m, wnuld he impossihlc; hut, with others of tliose who li;i\e ]iromoied the ci\ic, agricultural and coiumerci.al progress of Da\'iess counl\- and this section o| Indi.an.a, we ni,i\- well note the more salient points that lia\e marked his hti- an«l lahois |U is a prominent and inlliienlial factor in the pnhlic affairs of his county, as well as in the enterprises with which he has heen connected; lia\ing gained success through legitim.ate ,iud worth}- means, he stands ;is an admirahle {y\K of the selfmade ni;m.

lames I'orter, state senator from this district, was horn in i\ee\e township, I)a\iess county, Imliana, on .May 3. 1N45, son (jf James and .\nn (McCoy) I'orter, the former a nati\e of nhio, and the latter of X'irgiuia, who came to Daviess county in iS:;_' and honght a farm of one hundred and sixty .acres in l\ee\e township, which they cleareil and ini])ro\'ed and where thev reared their f.amilv. James I'orter was a man of enterprise and ])us!i

The paternal ,L;ranil father of Senator I'orler was James Porter, Sr.. a n;iti\e of < )hio. lie ami his wile li\ed in Jefferson coimt\', C)hio, and died there well ad\anced in \'ears. The)' were f.armers and had li\e children, James, Joseph, Cahin, Plizaheth and .^lar.i^aret.

James I'orter, the snhject of this sketch, was reared on his father's farm, lie attended the old-fashioned snhscription schools, in a loo- eahin with ])micheon door and a tire-place with cla\'-and-stick chinine\-, the teacher "Ijoardini; around." There were slahs tor sc-ats and the writini,' desk consisteil of a hoanl placed aloni; the wall and sn]iporled with wnoden pins. Mr. Porter lived at home until L;rowu. lie made his lirst mone\' In' hard l;il.or and considered himself fortunate if he receixed ntl\- cents for a dav's work, lie then took a lease on a piece id' limher land and cleared it uj), niakinj^- the rails with which to huild the fences, ;md continued to farm as he cleared the laml. llis lirst ]jm'chase was three hundred acres. (jf land on the east fork of White ri\er in Harrison town>hi]i, in partnership with two of hi- hriithers. They cleareil twn hundred and forty acres of this land and a few years later J.ames I'orter owned the whole ]ilace. lie li\'eil there some years and ,'idded to this f.arm unlil at one time he owned alioiu seven hundred and forl\ acres. Mis children were all horn in that neiL;hliorhi>od. hi March, iS.Si), he hou.i^hl a home in llie corporate limits .if ihe cit}' of Washin.t;ton, with six acres of land, which has heen his hoiue e\er since. In the meantime. Senator Porter has sold all his other lands.

In iS'),i lames Porier enlisleil in l.'omp.nu' 1\, ( )ne liundred and Seventeenth Pe.i^iment, Indian,! X'olunteer Infantry, ami served aliout se\'cu months as a corpor.al. There were li\e hrothers in the I'orter family who went into the sei"\'ice and all li\ed to return home. I wo, ho\\e\-er, were wounded.

born to this iiniuii, one of whom (hcil in infancy, the (jthcrs Ijcing Eva, whu (Heil )oung; Artie antl Bessie, I.ioth at home, and L'lara, who married Robert I'orter, of Enid, Oklahcjma, and lias (jne dangliler, Thehna.

]\]rs. Porter was liorn in DnCnis county, Indiana, and her parents, both of whom are now deceased, ;dso were natives of this slate. They were the parents of six children, nameh' : James, ileceased ; Clay llonston, deceased; Scott, Jndith and Jilizaljeth, the latter of whom is deceased. The paternal grandparents of Mrs. i'orter were Jacob ;uul (.Catherine Eennnon, both natives of Pennsylvania, the fi.irnier lieing of German descent. They had fonr children, Elijah, Jacob, James and Jndith. Jacol) Lemnmn, Sr., had been fi:irmerly married and h.'id iour children by that nnion, Juhn. J.)a\id, Abraham ami Susan.

Mrs. I'orter is a member of the Presbyterian chiu'ch. ]\lr. I'orter belongs to Charily Lodge X(.i. 30, b"ree and Acceiited Masons; Washington Chapter No. ijJ, Royal Arch Mason>. and Wa.^hinglon Coinmandery No. 33. Knights Tem[)lar. Politically, he is a Rcimblican. He has served the people of Da\iess count)' as county commissioner and coumy councilman, and in t(ji4 was elected to the stale Senate oi Indirma, which oftice he did not seek. During the sessicm of 1915 of the Indiana (jencral Assembly, Senator I'orter was one of the leaders ui the Republican minority in the Senate.

l'erse\'erance and sterling worth are almost always sure to win conspicuous recognition in any localit}-. Prof, llamlet Allen has a rem;ni\able reci.iril ;is an educator. He ha> been teaching almo>t continuou'^ly for forty \ears and for more than twenl\- years has been pruK'i|ial of the \\'a^hulglo^. li\diana. hii^h school, jlis career alfords a splendid example of the successful self-made man, who is not only eminently deserving of the confidence reposed in him bv the people of Washington and Daviess county, but who also ]jos.sesses the talent's and force fulness that have made him successful as an instructor and educator. He is a m;m of strong mental liber and has achieved a signal success in the educational world. Professor Allen has earned a signal success in the educational world. Professor Allen has earned high words of commendation from those competent to form a jiroper estimate of his worth, and his long tenure as jirincipal of the Washington

Prut. Hamlet Allen was l.iorn six miles northeast of Washingtun, Indiana, in \\a^hingt(ln tuwnshi]), Daviess count)-, on /Vugiisl 12, 184Q. sun of Johnson and Mary j. (Sanford) .\llen, the furnier a native of Washington township and the latter (if Masun county, Kentnck)-, who were the ])arents of four children, liamlet ; William, deceased: .\nna J., who married ]\1. J. Mayes, a merchant of Washington, and is now deceased, and \'irginia C, the widow of lienjamin h". .^trasser, n(j\v li\ing in l)en\er. Colurado.

Johnson .Allen was reared in Da\'iess county. Indi.ana, and became a sul)Stanti;il farmer, at one time ownmg a farm of two hundred ami eighty acres, which he improNed. lie lir^t cleared a farm of eiglu\' acres in Harrison township and the three \dunger children were born in llarrison township. Diu'ing the In^t twenty }ears ot his life he li\cd in \\'ashington, his death occiu'ring there in 1N07. at the age of se\enty-three. llis widowlives with her son .-md is now eight\-fom" \ears old. Johnson Allen was brought uj) as an uld-sclh'ol I'reslixierian. but soon .'ifter his marri;ige he ami his wife united with the H.-iplist church. He was tuwnshi]) assessc'r at cme time ;md a man of considerable political iullueiice in the. cnuniy. He was a Demcjcrat and look an acti\-e part in the cnuncils nf his parl\-.

I'rofessor Allen's ]3aternal grandparents were William and bdizabeth (luuls) .\llen. the foriuer a nati\e of Xew Jersey and the latter of Ohio, Thes- were pioneers in Daxiess county, coming here in Decemfier, 1816. William .\lleu was a shoemaker and f;u"mer and li\ed in Washington tow nsfiip. He and his wife died mii the old homestead, she ;it the age id' about si.xty and he about seventy. .Mrs. William .\llen was the aunt (d C'apl. James !I. I'lads. wliM built the St. l.^iuis and I'.rouklyu biidgcs. Williaiu ami bdizabelh li-^ads) .\llcn were the parents of twehe children. James (".. John. ^\'illiam, Robert, Johnson. iMrm.-m, George. .Mary (;me, l-'.lijah U., Hannah A.. ]\roses and Melville W.

William .Mien was the son id" Col. John and Rachel ( Wykoff I .Mien, nati\-es of .\'ew Jersey, who came to eastern Indiana jirior to iSio and settled in Dearborn county, (."oluiiel .Mien assisted in laying out the town of Harrison. ;uid came to D.'uiess comity in 1816, bringing with him his faniilv of hfteeii children. The first Presbyterian church organized in the \\diitewaler \allev was organized al his home in iSio. (22)

Tlie maternal grandparents of i^rofessor Allen were Hanilct and Ann (Clarkj Sanft>rd, natives of Orange euunty, \ irginia, who moved to Kentucky, settling in ]\lasun county, where all (jf iheir children were I'MH.. They came to Indiana in i\o\em])er, |S3_', and located two miles northeast of Washington, where they engaged in farming and where they reared their children. Hamlet Sanford was a carpenter, farmer and builder. He lived two nn'les nortlieast of Washington until July, i<'^4<j, when he dietl at a ripe old age. lie had formerly been luarried to a woman in \ irginia, wlv) died leaving two children, Lucinda and I'diza, wh<i. \vilh all of the children Ijy the secijnd marriage, came from Kentuck\' to Daviess count\-, Indiana. The second group uf children were Lucretia, Pierce, Reuhen, William, \ irginia, John C, Tahitha .Ann, Alary |ane and i'dizaheth.