Ray County, Missouri - The whole text, 1881 (part 14 of 23)

Mills, Jenkins' Ferry, Helena, and other minor engagements. He was with Price on his last raid through Missouri. He took part in more than forty battles, but never received a wound, nor was he ever taken prisoner. In 1863 he was promoted to be captain of his company, which position he held till the close of the war. After the surrender of General Lee, in April, 1865, he took his company to Clarksville, Texas, where he remained until the 20th of the following June, when he started for Memphis, Tennessee, reaching that place about the middle of July, 1865. He there surrendered the last remaining regularly organized company of the Confederate army. He was a true soldier, and fought cheerfully and bravely for the cause he believed to be right, so long as a ray of hope remained to inspire himself and his gallant comrades to arms. He was and is an upright, genial gentleman, and his true soldierly bearing won the respect and affection, not only of his own company, but of every fellow-soldier who knew him. After the war Captain Crispin engaged in freighting across the plains, and continued in this occupation till the summer of 1866, when he returned to Ray county, Missouri, and entered into the mercantile business, which he has followed ever since. He has an extensive, valuable stock of goods, and receives, as he deserves, a most liberal patronage. Captain Silas R. Crispin was married January 29, 1867, to Miss Lizze Mason, of Ray county. Of this marriage one child, George H., born September 9, 1868, is now living. His wife, an estimable, accomplished lady, died March 22, 1877. April 9, 1879, Captain Crispin was again married, to Miss Malinda Shaw, of Ray county, a lady of intelligence, whose character is adorned by all the graces of womanhood.

Aaron H. Conrow

Aaron H. Conrow was born June 19, 1821:, near Cincinnati, Ohio. He spent part of his boyhood days at, or near Pekin, Illinois, and from that place, with his parents, moved to Missouri, and settled in Ray county. Here, by dint of his own energy, he obtained a pretty thorough education, teaching school part of the time in order to get means to complete the same. In this he was very successful. He then chose the law as a profession, and by rigid economy and sedulous application, succeeded in making an eminent lawyer. On the 17th of May, 1828, he was married to Miss Mary Ann Quesenberry, daughter of David H. and Lucinda Quesenberry, of Richmond, Missouri. From this union resulted the following children: David, Benjamin, William S., and Mamie. He was appointed by the governor, judge of the first probate court established in Ray county. From January, 1857, to January, 1861, he was circuit attorney of the fifth judicial circuit of Missouri-; an office that had previously been filled by such eminent lawyers as Hamilton R. Gamble, Abiel Leon- ard, Charles French, Robert W. Wells, Amos Rees, Thomas C. Burch, Peter H. Burnett, George W. Dunn, and others, but by none of them more zealously and efficiently than by the subject of this sketch. He was a brilliant and successful advocate, a fine judge of law, and never descended to even the slightest artifice to gain the advantage of an opposing brother lawyer. He was above all littleness, open, candid, ingenuous. He was the preceptor of three young men who afterward became able and prominent lawyers; one of them is now a circuit judge, and the biography of another, who lives in Richmond, appears in this volume. Aaron H. Conrow was ever the fast friend of education, and no man contributed more liberally than he, in proportion to his means, to the support of institutions of learning. He was ever a safe counselor in matters of moment relative to the town and community in which he lived. In 1860 he was elected to the state general assembly - a democrat worthy to be trusted. He was in the general assembly at the beginning of the war, and sided with the south. He was instrumental in recruiting and equipping the first company organized in Ray for the defense of what he believed to be right. He ranked as colonel in the Missouri state guards, a military organization he had helped to create by his vote in the general assembly. He was by a majority of his comrades elected to represent his district in the confederate congress, and in that capacity, as in all others, served with singular zeal and promptness. He was present at the first meeting and at the final adjournment of that body. At the close of the war the amnesty agreed upon did not extend to members of the confederate congress, and fearing that if he fell into the hands of the successful party his life would be taken, he went to Mexico, and soon after arriving in that country, he was brutally murdered by a band of Mexican soldiers, on or about the 25th of August, A. D. 1865.

John R. Hamilton

John R. Hamilton was born September 2, 1856, in Ray county, Missouri. Received his education at the State University, Columbia, Missouri, graduating in the law department of that institution, in the class of 1879. Prior to attending the university he had read law three years with Hon. C. T. Garner, of Richmond. He was admitted to the practice of his profession in March, 1880. He is the son of Thomas Hamilton, a native of Kentucky, who moved to Ray county, in 1811. His mother, whose maiden name was Rebecca Shackelford, was a native of Clay county, Missouri. Mr. Hamilton is an exemplary young man, of exceptionally good character, and his close application and untiring energy will, it is believed, be duly rewarded.

John W. Shotwell

The subject of this sketch was born July 4, 1828, in Mason county, Kentucky. His father was Judge Jabez Shotwell, who was born in Kentucky, in 1791, and died in Ray county, Missouri, in 1871. He was for many years judge of the Ray county court; a highly honorable and useful citizen, who will long be kindly remembered by all who knew him, living. His mother was likewise a native of Kentucky, born in 1797, and died in 1852. In the fall of 1833 Mr. Shotwell moved with his parents to Lexington, Missouri, and in the fall of 1835, to Richmond, Ray county, where he now resides. Early in 1855 he began reading law, with Messrs. Oliver & Conrow, of Richmond, as his preceptors. He was admitted to the bar June 1, 1856. He is a successful lawyer, familiar with the different departments of his profession, and has been a close student. He enjoys an excellent reputation both as a lawyer and as a gentleman. In 1877 he associated with him in the practice, J. E. Ball, Esq.; the partners have a lucrative practice, as well as the confidence of the public. Mr. Shotwell was elected one of the directors of the Ray County Savings Bank, at its organization, and has been connected with it ever since. In February, 1880, he was elected its vice president, a position he still retains. In the year last mentioned he, in connection with W. P. Hubbell and L. D. Priest, sunk a coal shaft near the railroad depot in the western part of the city, to the depth of one hundred feet. They employ, in operating this mine, about twenty men. The coal is of superior quality, the vein exhaustless, and the business exceedingly profitable. Mr. Shotwell accompanied General Price, as a soldier in the state guards, in Col. Reaves' regiment, to Camp Cowskin Prairie, and took part in the battles of Carthage and Wilson's Creek. February 14, 1861, he was married to Miss Julia E. Devlin, a native of Michigan. They have seven children living, five boys and two girls: Anna, John W., Joseph, Lizzie D., William M., Benjamin E. and Horace. Mr. Shotwell is a member of the Baptist Church, while his wife is a member of the M. E. Church South. They are exemplary Christians, and respected by the entire community in which they live. Mr. Shotwell is also a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Knights of Honor.

Thomas L. Shaw

Thomas L. Shaw is a native of Bedford county, Tennessee. He was born September 13, 1820. In May, 1836, he moved with his parents to Richmond, Ray county, Missouri, where he has ever since resided. Most of his life has been spent as a farmer. In 1850, he crossed the plains with ox teams, to California, returning in the winter of 1852 and '53. In 1S68, he sold his farm and opened the stone quarry known as Carroll county sand stone quarry, with which he is still connected as part owner. In 1879, he entered into the grain trade in Richmond, and to this business he has given most of his personal attention since that time. From 1870 to 1879 he was proprietor of the livery stable known as McCuistion's stable at present. He still owns the barn. Mr. Shaw was married March 9, 1842, to Jane H. Ewing, a native of Ray county. They had four children, two of whom, Alice B. and Florence M., are living. Joseph F. and an infant are deceased. His wife died April 7, 18-19. He was again married in the winter of 1851, to Ann Summerville, a Virginian by birth. She died May 22, 1856; and he was a third time married October 9, 1859, to Martha W. Bowen, of Bedford county, Tennessee. The offspring of this union are two children, Ida J. and Charles C. His third wife died September 2, 1875; and December 23, 1878, Mary H. Morrow, of Richmond, became his fourth wife. Mr. Shaw was one of the pioneers of Ray county, having come to Richmond when there were but five or six log cabins in the town, and the country was sparsely settled. He is a reliable, upright and honorable citizen, and takes a lively interest in the growth and prosperity of his town and county. He is a member of the M. E. Church South. ,

Captain Alexander A. McCuistion was born February 21, 1827, in Bedford county, Tennessee. When he was but three years of age his parents moved with him to Missouri, and settled in Rav county. His father, Thomas McCuistion, was born December 12, 1792; was a native of North Carolina, and died in Ray count\r, Missouri, March 7, 1880. His mother's maiden name was Nancy Jordan. She is a native of Tennessee, born December 12, 1802, and is living with her son, the subject of this sketch, in Richmond. In his early manhood, Captain McCuistion was in both farming and mercantile pursuits. In 1861, he enlisted as a soldier in the Confederate army, Captain J. °K. McDowell's company, of Colonel B. A. Reaves' regiment. He participated in the battles of Pea Ridge and Corinth, after which he was transferred to the commissary department, as clerk therein, and remained in that service till the close of the war. When peace was restored he retured home to Ray county, and resumed farming, which he continued till 1874, when he was, on the democractic ticket, elected by the people clerk of the Ray county court. He took charge of the office January 1, 1875, and served four years. At the expiration of his term as county clerk, Captain McCuistion abandoned politics, and engaged in business in Richmond, as proprietor of a livery and feed stable, his present occupation. He is a member of the Christian Church, and also the Masonic fraternity. He was married September 16, 1852, to Miss Susanna S. Berry, of Kentucky. They have three children, all sons, as follows: Augustus L., salesman in the store of J. C. Brown & Co., Richmond; Edward P., with his father in the livery business, and George H., deputy sheriff of Ray county. His wife, who was an estimable lady, died September 28, 1870. He was a second time married, August 28, 1875, to Mary E. Smith, a native of Ray county. She is a member of the M. E. Church South, and an exemplary christian. They had one child, but it died in infancy. Captain McCuistion was an honest and capable officer, and retired from his office universally esteemed. He is, likewise, an honorable and useful citizen.

Nathaniel Davis was born July 31, 1807, in Washington county, East Tennessee. When he was about five years old, his parents moved with him to Knox county, Tennessee, where he spent his youth and passed the threshold of manhood. At the age of twenty-two, he was entered a student in the University of East Tennessee, and graduated with honor, from that institution in 1832. After which he attended the famous Jefferson Medical College, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and in the spring of 1834, received his diploma of graduation therefrom. He then selected Ray county, Missouri, as the field of his future labors, and started for the " far west " to carve out his destiny. How well he has succeeded, let the affection of his neighbors, and the respect and the esteem in which he is held by the people of the entire county, together with his comfortable home and surroundings, bear testimony. His character is untainted, and his very name is the synonym of integrity, hospitality and charity. He has grown old; the frosts of many winters have settled on his head, and "full of years and of honor, " he has retired from the practice of his profession to pass the remainder of his declining years in the quietude of his home, near the eastern limits of Richmond. He was an eminently successful practitioner, because he was skillful, prompt, and always reliable. In 1837, he was thrown from a horse, and by this accident his ankle was dislocated and broken, thereby permanently laming him. Dr. Davis was here through the exciting period of the "Mormon war," and was compelled to seek safety by leaving his home for a time. During the great civil war, however, he remained at home, and was not seriously molested. In the fall of the year 1837, Dr. Nathaniel Davis was united in marriage with Miss Mariah A. Allen, of Ray county. She was, however, a native of Virginia. They have had six children, two of whom are deceased. The living are as follows: James A., collector of Ray county; Margaret Ann, wife of Murray F. McDonald, a merchant of Richmond; Alice, widow of George Mason, deceased, late of Richmond, and Samuel B., deputy county collector. His wife died August 23, 1878. She was a

James A. Davis

James A. Davis, son of Nathaniel Davis, M. D., is a native of Ray county, Missouri, and was born November 27, 1837. He was educated at the Richmond College, Richmond, Missouri. In 1862 he engaged in the mercantile business in Richmond, in company with James F. Hudgins and Thomas H. Bayliss, and continued in that pursuit till November, 1864; at which time he withdrew from the firm, and went to Salt Lake City, Utah, where he remained one year, and then returned to Richmond, and resumed business, continuing about five years. He then engaged in farming, and after about three years became deputy county collector for Thos. B. Fowler, Esq., and subsequently for Mr. Fowler's successor, A. M. Fowler, Esq., acting as deputy altogether, five years. At the general election in November, 1878, he was elected, as a democrat, to the office of collector of Ray county, which office he now holds, having been re-elected in November, 1880. He is an excellent officer, serving the people with efficiency and fidelity; he enjoys their entire confidence, of which he has proven himself eminently worthy. He was married May 15, 1861, to Miss Mary Triplett, of Rappahannock county, Virginia. She was an intelligent, amiable lady, but died November 26, 1864. To this union one child, Carrie, now the wife of Frank Clark, Esq., of Ray county, was born. May 15, 1866, Mr. Davis was again married to Miss Alice M. Hughes, of Howard county, Missouri. She is an accomplished lady, of refined and captivating manners, and ingenuous disposition. They have five children, to-wit: Harry, Frank, Katy, Lucy, and Alice. Mr, Davis is a member of the Masonic fraternity, in good standing.

James L. Farris

James L. Farris was born in Williamsburg, Kentucky, May 7, 1833. At the age of three years his parents moved with him to near Dandridge, Jefferson county, Tennessee. He was entered a student at Burnsville (Anson county, North Carolina,) High School, at which institution he received his literary training. In 1855 he began the study of law with Colonel David Coleman as his preceptor. In 1856 he removed to Ray county, and engaged in teaching school, at the same time pursuing his law studies. He continued teaching till 1860, in which year he was admitted to the bar. In the spring of 1861 he joined the Confederate army, entering the service in the Missouri state guard, under General Sterling Price. He subsequently enlisted in the regular Confederate army, and for his devotion, gallantry and soldierly bearing was promoted to a captaincy of artillery, and commanded the second battery organized in Missouri for the Confederate service. He participated in the battles of Lexington, Missouri; Pea Ridge, Iuka, Corinth, the siege of Jackson, Mississippi, and fought through the Georgia campaign under General # Joseph E. Johnston, taking part in all its engagements. He was with Hood in his march upon and retreat from Nashville, Tennessee, as well as in the battle of Selma, Alabama, under the famous cavalry officer, General Forrest. He surrendered and was paroled at Gainesville, Alabama, in May, 1865. He was a true soldier, brave, vigilant, and always in his place in time of battle. After the surrender he went to Carlinville, Illinois, and in 1867 began the practice of law in that city. In 1869 he returned to Richmond, Ray county, where he has since resided, practicing his profession. He has served two terms as prosecuting attorney of Ray county. In 1875 he was elected by the people a member of the constitutional convention that framed the present state constitution, and in the deliberations of that body took an active and prominent part. He was elected in 1876 to represent Ray county in the twenty-ninth^ general assembly, and in that position, as in all others, acquitted himself creditably and to the satisfaction of his constituents. Captain Farris is a brilliant public speaker; his speeches sparkle with wit and humor, and when occasion requires it, his denunciatory language is very powerful, his sarcasm withering; yet he never descends to vulgarity or to indecency of speech. He charms his auditors by his fascinating address, easy manner and graceful, significant gestures. He was married on the last day of July, 1859, to Miss Amanda Tisdale, an intelligent, accomplished lady, of Ray county. Two sons, Don W. and James L., Jr., are the offspring of this marriage. His wife died March 6, 1862, and January 15, 1873, he was again married, to Miss Olivia N. Gaultney, of Yazoo county. She is an intelligent and accomplished lady. They have had one child, a daughter, Jennie I.

James W. Garner

James W. Garner was born in Richmond, Ray county, Missouri, on the 4th day of March, 1851. His father is the Honorable Christopher T. Garner, Sr., of Richmond. His mother, E. B. Garner, is the daughter of James Mosby, Sr., and sister of W. W. Mosby, M. D., also of Richmond. The subject of this sketch graduated from the Richmond College in the class of 1870 and '71. Immediately after graduating, he entered upon the study of law, in the office of his father, Honorable C. T. Garner, and General A. W. Doniphan, who were then co-partners in the practice of law at Richmond, Ray county. He was a close, careful and persevering student, and being naturally of superior intellect, his comprehensive mind thoroughly mastered the theory of law in all its intricate fundamental branches; and on the 6th day of March, 1873, was admitted to the bar. Though the Richmond bar was exceptionally able, and many of its members distinguished for their learning and ability, our subject, by dint of his pluck, energy and manly deportment, entered at once upon a paying practice, which has ever since continued to increase, till he now enjoys a reputation as a lawyer second to few men in the fifth judicial circuit of Missouri. Mr. Garner is a young man, scarcely yet in the prime of life, and an honorable and successful career, both professionally, and as a private citizen, is undoubtedly before him. November 4, 1873, James W. Garner was married to Miss Leonora Snoddy, of Howard county, Missouri, daughter of Samuel W. and Susan F. Snoddy. After his marriage with Miss Snoddy, he formed a co-partnership with his father for the practice of his profession, under the firm name of C. T. Garner & Son. This partnership existed till James W. Garner was elected prosecuting attorney for Ray county, (see list of county officers) which position he now holds. Mr. Garner is a democrat, and on the democratic ticket has been twice elected by the people of his county as their prosecuting attorney. During his first term of office, a great many important cases were tried, among others the noted case of the State of Missouri vs. J. T. Keyes. The trial of this case occupied fourteen days, and was conducted by our subject with singular abilit}r and energy. There was also much litigation arising from the issuance of certain municipal bonds, in aid of the St. Louis & St. Joseph railroad, involving several hundred thousand dollars; all of which he attended faithfully, without assistance, and without causing the county additional expense. Mr. Garner has held several important and very responsible positions, and in the discharge of all his duties, official and private, has been honest, faithful and capable. He was one of the local attorneys for the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern railway company, and in 1878 was a member of the city council of the city of Richmond. As an officer, James W. Garner is entirely equal to the trust the people have conferred upon him ; their confidence is in nowise misplaced. As a gentleman he is genial and obliging, and in every department of life, honest, honorable and reliable.

Henry C. Garner was born March 21, 1827, in Fayette, Howard county, Missouri, and lived there with his parents till 1841, when he came to Ray county, where he has lived ever since. In 1844 he went to Kentucky to complete his literary and medical education, and entered, as a student, Transylvania Medical College, at Lexington, Kentucky, from which he graduated in the spring of 1850. He then returned to Richmond, Missouri, and formed a co-partnership, for the practice of his profession, with Dr. Joseph Chew, now of Kansas City. After Dr. Chew's removal to Kansas City, Dr. Garner practiced alone for some time, and entered into partnership with Dr. Geo. W. Buchanan; they continued to practice together till 1860, when he formed a partnership with J. M. Allen, M. D., now the president of the state medical association of Missouri. This partnership lasted until 1861, when Dr. Allen joined the Confederate army. Dr. Garner subsequently became associated with Dr. W. W. Mosby in the practice of medicine, and so continued till 1874, when he was elected cashier of the Ray County Savings Bank, which position he now holds and has held ever since. On becoming cashier of this bank he retired from the active practice of his profession, and, at present, his services are available only in cases of consultation. Dr. Garner had a large and lucrative practice; in his early days it extended into the counties of Clay, Carroll and Lafayette. He was a close student and kept fully abreast of the progress in medical science. Henry C. Garner is eminently a self-made man, having begun life as a poor boy; by energy, perseverance and rigid economy, he acquired means to educate himself - solely by his own efforts, excepting some pecuniary assistance received from his brother, Jno. C. Garner, whom he afterward fully repaid. He has always enjoyed the confidence and esteem alike of his professional brethren and of the people. While Dr. Garner was a remarkably successful practitioner, well read and learned in his profession, it is not as a physician that he is to be most admired; his high moral character, devotion to duty, gentlemanly bearing, and sterling worth as a member of society, challenge the respect of all. He was treasurer of Ray county from 1863 to 1867; has also been mayor of the city of Richmond, and has held other positions of public trust. December the 9th, 1852, Henry C. Garner was married to Eugenia A. Hudwall, of Chariton county, Missouri. They have eight children living, four boys and four girls: Thomas H., Edward S., Mattie M., Eugenia A., Henry C, Trigg, Docia Elizabeth, and Mabel Everett. Dr. Garner and his wife, who is an amiable lady of intelligence and refinement, are members of the M. E. Church South. He is also a Mason.

William A. Holman is a native of Ray county, Missouri. He was born October 3, 1837, and, being the son of a farmer, was reared on a farm. In May, 1861, he enlisted as a private soldier in company C,3d Missouri infantry volunteers, of the Confederate army. He was a participant in the battles of Pea Ridge, Baker's Creek, Iuka, Corinth, and Vicksburg, at which place he was captured; he was however, exchanged in a few months and returned to his command. Under General J. E. Johnston, he fought through the Georgia campaign, and was afterward with Hood, who superseded Johnston in his raid through Tennessee. After the battle of Corrinth, he was promoted, for gallant conduct in that engagement, from orderly sergeant to first lieutenant. He surrendered at Mobile, Alabama, in April, 1865. Upon his return home, he began the study of medicine, subsequently entered the St. Louis Medical College, and graduated from that institution in the spring of 1869; after which he located for the purpose of practicing his profession in Albany, Ray county, where he remained till January, 1874. In that month he came to Richmond, and engaged in the drug business. In 1876, he was elected treasurer of Ray county, after which he sold his drug store. He was re-elected in 1878, and again in 1880, and is now serving out, with honesty, fidelity and efficiency, a third term as county treasurer of Ray county. He is a member of the church, as is his wife, whose maiden name was Eliza McGee, and to whom he was married April 29, 1869. Mrs. Holman is a refined and exemplary Christian lady, and both she and her husband, are respected throughout the entire community in which they live. They have one daughter living - Blanche, born November 18, 1872.

James E. Ball

James E. Ball was born September 9, 1854, in Carroll county, Missouri. He is the son of Francis M. Ball, who was a native of Ray county, Missouri, born in August, 1826. He lost his life in the cyclone of June 1, 1878, which devastated a large portion of the city of Richmond. At the time of his death he was a member of the city council, and was, as he had ever been, an honored citizen, highly esteemed for the excellence of his moral character, and as a gentleman in all the relations of life. James E. Ball, the grandfather of our subject, was a native of Virginia, and immigrated to Ray county in 1818, thus becoming one of its pioneers. He died in Arkansas, at some time in the late civil war. In 1865, the subject of this sketch moved with his father and family to Richmond, where he now resides. He was educated at Richmond College, and in March, 1873, began the study of the law, under the instruction of Hon. John W. Shotwell. He was admitted to the bar in June, 1875; at once entered upon the practice of his profession, in partnership with his former preceptor, with whom he is yet so associated. James E. Ball was married January 17,

1877, to Miss Lizzie Shotwell, an accomplished young lady of Lafayette county, Missouri. They have one child living, Bessie, born November 10,

1878. Mr. Ball has twice served as city attorney, and is now a member of the city council. He is a young man of steady habits, temperate, studious and industrious.

James T. McGinnis, a native of Ray county, Missouri, was born June 12, 1857. His father, Captain Thomas McGinnis, was for a number of years a merchant in Hardin, this county, and when not at school, James assisted him in the store. He was four years deputy sheriff of Ray county, during the incumbency of his father. At the general election in November, 1880, although but twenty-three years of age, he was elected sheriff of Ray county. His term is not yet expired, and he is serving the people faithfully and efficiently. He is the youngest sheriff Ray county ever had, and probably the youngest ever elected to that office in the state. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and a young man of great promise.

William R. Jackson

William R, Jackson, born December 28, 1831, is a native of Ray county, Missouri. He has lived in this county from his birth to the present time. Until 1857 he was engaged in farming. In that year he moved to Richmond, and in 1868 opened a furniture and hardware store. In all his business enterprises Mr. Jackson has been quite successful. In 1880 he erected on the north side of the public square, Richmond, a large brick storeroom, and now has therein the largest stock of furniture and hardware in this part of the state. In 1877, he also opened a lumber yard and an agricultural implement house, which are now under the management of his brothers-in-law, Messrs. John Patton and Calvin Houser. They keep a full supply of all kinds of lumber and farming implements. Mr. Jackson was never sworn in as a soldier in the Confederate service, but he accompanied Colonel Rivers and General Slack to the southern part of the state, and took part in the battles of Carthage, Wilson's Creek, and Dry Wood. He was married April 1, 1863, to Miss Lucy J. Holman, of Ray county, an accomplished lady of gentle and captivating manners. They have two children living: Ellen S., born July 25, 1866, and Elwood, born January 31, 1868, and one deceased - died in infancy. Mr. Jackson is a successful, enterprising business man, and by his liberality and public spirit has done much to build up the city of Richmond.

Maurice C. Jacobs

Maurice C. Jacobs was born in Richmond, Ray county, Missouri, August 3, 1838. He received his education at the Richmond College, and in the spring of 1866 graduated from the Eclectic. Medical Institute of Cincinnati, Ohio. He began the practice of his profession in Elkhorn, Ray county, but after a time, moved to Napoleon, a town in Missouri, on the boundary line, between Lafayette and Jackson counties. After practicing in that village some time, he returned to Richmond. In the fall of 1874, he purchased the drug store of Messrs. Bullock & Donaldson, and since that time has been engaged as druggist and apothecary, at the same time practicing his profession. He is at present (April, 1881) the only eclectic physician in Richmond, and he has an extensive, lucrative practice. June 11, 1862, Maurice C. Jacobs was married to Miss Amanda E. Hudspeth, of Jackson county, Missouri. She died March 13, 1862; and August 1st, 1867, Dr. Jacobs was again married to Mrs. Helen M. Huston Morton, of Portsmouth, Ohio. Dr. Jacobs is an affable, agreeable gentleman, and justly merits the success he has achieved. He, as well as his wife, is a member of the Christian Church, and his good moral character is worthy of the highest emulation. He is also a Mason, Odd Fellow, and a member of the order of Knights of Pythias.

William A. Crain

William A. Crain was born November 3, 1820, in Flemming county, Kentucky. His father was William Crain, who was born in Fauquier county, Virginia, in 1784, and died in March, 1869, in Flemming county, Kentucky, in his eighty-fifth year. He has three brothers and four sisters living, as follows: John L., of Flemming county, Kentucky; James S., of Butte county, California; Noble H., of Flemming county, Kentucky; Rhoda Wilson, of Richmond, Missouri; Elizabeth E., of Bath county, Kentucky; Sarah Hilligoss, of Flemming county, Kentucky, and Amanda Carpenter, of Flemming county, Kentucky. William A. Crain, the subject of this sketch, was raised on a farm, receiving such education as the schools of his neighborhood afforded. He is a man of strong, practical common sense, has read extensively, and his mind is well stored with valuable general information, making him an interesting conversationalist. He spent the winter of 1852-3 in the state of Indiana, alternating between Shelbyville and Rushville, as places of abode. During the following summer he traveled through Illinois, dealing, to a considerable extent, in land warrants; and in the fall, returned to his home in Kentucky. In the spring of 1854, he came to Ray county, having first visited the county, however, in 1843. He remained here until the latter part of the year 1855, at which time he again returned to Indiana. Upon his arrival at Shelbyville, in that state, he engaged in keeping hotel, and followed this occupation till 1859, when he moved to Rushville, Indiana, and there opened a hotel, which he conducted till late in the fall of the year 1860, when he sold it, and went back to Kentucky. Remaining in that state till 1S65, he returned to Shelbyville, Indiana, and became a clerk in a hotel, and remained such till after the close of the civil war. In the spring of 1866, he returned to Ray county, where he remained till the spring of 1869, when he returned to Flemmingsburg, Kentucky. In the spring of 1872, went to California on a visit to his brother's, and after returning to his native county, in the winter of 1873, has remained here ever since. He has interests in both Ray county, Missouri, Flemming county, Kentucky, and, therefore, spends part of his time in each. William A. Crain was a soldier in the Mexican war. He enlisted in the company of which L. M. Cox was captain, Manlius V. Thompson's regiment, infantry. He served twelve months, at the end of which time the war was at an end. In politics Mr. Crain was a strong whig, during the existence of that party. In 1860 he voted for Lincoln for the presidency, and has ever since been identified with the republican party, the principles of which he believes to be founded in humanity, truth, and justice. He was ever opposed to the institution of slavery; but while he is very decided in his views, he seeks to obtrude them upon no man, and freely accords the right of individual preference, or opinion.

John A. Wasson

John A. Wasson was born in the state of Indiana, but reared and educated in Boone county, Missouri. His father, Mr. James F. Wasson, was a school teacher, and taught for many years in different states of the Union. Under his father's instruction, our subject received the greater part of his education. Mr. Wasson learned the carpenter trade in Gibson county, Indiana, and has pursued that calling most of his life. He was at one time a contractor and builder at Tipton, Missouri, and constructed more than twenty-five buildings there, including the Catholic Church. When the civil war commenced Mr. Wasson entered the Confederate service as a volunteer in the 16th Mississippi regiment of infantry, commanded by Colonel Posey. He was in Stonewall Jackson's division during the entire four years of war. He was twice taken prisoner by the enemy; the first time he was exchanged, and the second time held for seventeen months, until after the surrender. He was wounded by a shot in the left knee at the battle of Cross Keys, in Virginia, but fortunately suffered no permanent disability from it. Mr. Wasson was married on the 14th day of January, 1871, to Miss Clara Belle Pendroy, of Centralia, Missouri. He came to Ray county in the month of October, 1880, and has since then been engaged in business with Mr. George I. Wasson at Richmond.

David P. Whitmer

David P. Whitmer was born July 4, A. D. 1829, near Waterloo, Seneca county, New York. His father, Jacob Whitmer, was the son of Peter Whitmer, and his mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Schott. His grandparents, having moved from near Hamburg, Pennsylvania, about 1809, settled near Waterloo, New York. All of them were farm- ers, and of German descent. In 1831, Peter Whitmer, with his sons, Christian, Jacob, John, David, and Peter, settled in Jackson county, Missouri, with their families. They soon moved to Clay countv, Missiouri, where Christian and Peter died. Thence they removed to Caldwell county, and, remaining there till 1838, they all moved to Richmond, Ray county, where the living yet reside, excepting John Whitmer, who has for many years been a citizen of Caldwell county. Peter Whitmer, Sr., died in Richmond, Missouri, at the age of 82, August 13, 1865. His wife survived him but a short time. They were all plain, honest men, and good citizens. Like most of the early settlers of Ray county, they were all poor when they came to Richmond, but their highest aim seemed to be to live above reproach, " unspotted from the world," and they inculcated these principles into their children. When the subject of this sketch was in his twelfth year, his father, Jacob Whitmer, was taken sick, and for three years was able to do but little work. David, being the oldest son large enough to work, became the main-stay of the family - cultivated a rented farm, got up wood, and went to mill and to market. When his father became able to work again, his limited means were well nigh exhausted. But, in 1845, by close econonvy, he had saved enough to buy two and a half acres of land in the suburbs of Richmond, and erect thereon a small brick dwelling. Here he lived till the day of his death, April 26, 1856. Before his death, our subject's father built a small shoeshop on the land mentioned, which he kept up till the time of his death, the son working with his father in the shop during the winter, and on a farm in summer, cultivating some rented land, and thus continued until the boy was about seventeen, when, having become expert as a boot and shoe maker, his father, from that time, kept him in the shop summer and winter. Thus the young man grew up in obscurity and poverty, and inured to toil. But by close application, he did at least a third more work than any other hand, and found considerable time to read and prosecute his studies at home. In the spring of 1849, he informed his father of his long contemplated intention of qualifying himself for a lawyer, and arranged with his father to start to school. After attending school two weeks, the man upon whom his father relied to do the work in the shop, got on a spree and quit work; whereupon young David left school, and went back to work with his father at his trade. Meanwhile he pursued his studies diligently, working early and late at night. He did sufficient work in nine months to save three months of his last year of minority for school. On starting to school he found that he had, by his study at home, kept fully up with his classes. He continued at school two years at the old Richmond Academy, with Professor A. C. Redmon as his preceptor. Until the last year of his attendance at school, he was ably assisted by Colonel James W. Black, who engaged with Professor Red-

While at school, the Judge included in his studies all the common school branches, together with the higher mathematics; Latin, logic, and astronomy. When he left school, he entered the study of the law with Hon. Aaron H. Conrow as his preceptor, at Richmond, Missouri. Finding, at the end of twelve months that his purse needed replenishing, he taught a six months' school for that purpose, at the same time continuing the study of law. On the 4th of September, 1854, he obtained a license to practice his chosen profession, from Hon. Geo. W. Dunn, judge of the fifth judicial circuit. He opened a law office at once, in Richmond, accepting the kind offer of ex-Governor Austin A. King, to put his law library in the young attorney's office, and office together. Young Whitmer rapidly grew in repute as a lawyer, and soon secured for himself the confidence of the public, and a lucrative practice. In 1857 he was elected the first city attorney of Richmond, and the following year was again elected to the same position. In 1858 he was elected commissioner of common schools for Ray county, and served two years. He was the only man on his ticket who was elected. In June, 1859, he entered into a law partnership with Hon. Aaron H. Conrow, his former preceptor. They continued together in business till the commencement of the civil war, in 1861, when they dissolved partnership, Mr. Conrow enlisting with the Missouri state guards, afterwards becoming a member of the confederate congress. Judge Whitman took the position that the cause of the Union was paramount to all other considerations, and should rise above' all party and sectional issues. He, therefore, espoused the Union cause, and since that time has acted with the republican party.

In February, 1862, he was commissioned circuit attorney for the fifth judicial circuit, the old incumbent having failed or refused to take the oath prescribed by what was known as the convention ordinance. He at once entered upon the discharge of his duties. Judge Austin A. King was, at the same time, and for similar reason, appointed judge of the fifth judicial circuit, and entered upon his duties, simultaneously with Mr. Whitmer. In the fall of 1863, Judge Whitmer was called by a convention of Union men of Carroll county to make the race for judge of the fifth judicial circuit. At first declining, he finally yielded, and at the polls received a majority in each of the counties of Carroll and Caldwell, but was defeated, his able and distinguished friend, Judge Dunn, being his successful competitor. When the enrolled Missouri militia were organized July 29, 1862, he was elected and commissioned captain of company F, fifty-first regiment, E. M. M., and was at once ordered into active service. Remained on duty until December, when he, with fifty men and two lieutenants, was detailed for active service during the winter, holding post at

Richmond, Missouri, Lieutenant-colonel J. W. Black, commanding post, the regiment being relieved from active service till further orders. In April, 1863, he was detailed as captain of company D, fourth provisional E. M. M. In the summer of 1863, he was detailed by Colonel Chester Harding, commanding department of northwest Missouri to wind up the unsettled business of Provost Marshal Hemory, removed. He accepted the position, and found on hand some twenty-five or thirty citizen prisoners, together with a detachment of U. S. troops, occupied as provost guards. He returned the provost guards to their regiment and in a short time disposed of the prisoners and all the business pertaining to the office, restoring confidence and giving general satisfaction. In November, 1863, his company and regiment were relieved from active service, excepting Captain Tiffin, with part of company C, who were retained in charge of the post during the winter months. In June, 1864, Captain Whitmer, with one lieutenant and thirty men, was ordered into active service as commandant of the post at Richmond. Marauders began to infest the country, troubles thickened and raids became frequent. Early in July Captain Whitmer received information that some three hundred men, under Thrailkill, had engaged and defeated a battalion of Colorado troops near Fredricksburg, fourteen miles west of Richmond. He issued orders immediately, calling on all good citizens who were willing to aid in the defense of their homes, to report to his headquarters at once, with such arms as they could command; at the same time, he sent a message to Col. McFerren, commanding post at Lexington, to send reinforcements at once, that, although his force was small he intended to fight, but not to surrender. In the evening Captain Colly arrived with his command. The citizen force was stationed on and about the college grounds, while the soldiers on duty, were placed to guard the approaches from without. Thrailkill, however, nearing the city, avoided it by turning north, and made a raid through Caldwell county. From that onward, till the fall of the notorious Bill Andersou, in 1864, near Albany, Ray county, the cloud of war lowered, hanging dark and gloomily over all this part of the state. In order to make the citizen force more efficient, Captain Whitmer organized them into a company of home guards, under command of Captain C. T. Garner.

Captain Whitmer and the various companies of his regiment were generally engaged in the field, on scouts and often in pursuit or in contact with raiders, until they were honorably discharged in November, 1864. During all this period Captain Whitmer was circuit attorney, and had leave of absence when necessary to attend the courts and look after the prosecution of criminals. After the war - in March, 1867 - a common pleas court being established in Ray county, Judge Whitmer was commissioned as judge thereof, and served till the next general election, in

1868, when he was re-elected, receiving the largest vote of any candidate on the ticket, except the vote for Grant. Judge Whitmer concluded his term as judge of this court, which had probate, as well as common law and equity jurisdiction, with a complete index to the probate records from the beginning. After the expiration of his term of service upon the bench, Judge Whitmer again devoted himself to the practice of law. During all this time he has been a citizen of Richmond, Missouri. Though frequently solicited, he refused to run for any political position other than city offices; and although a Mason and Past High Priest of Royal Arch Chapter, A. F. & A. M., has always opposed all secret political organizations as dangerous to the liberties of the people. April 20, 1859, he was married, by Elder James A. Garfield, now president of the United States, to Miss Vashti Whitmer, daughter of Peter Whitmer, deceased. She is a lady of culture and refinement, and together with her husband, enjoys the confidence of her numerous friends. They have no children living. Judge Whitmer ranks high as a lawyer, and is in the prime and vigor of manhood.

Thomas D. Woodson

It is not alone among military heroes; nor in the cabinet; nor among the luminaries of literature, of science, or of art, that we are to look for great and good men. There is another and larger class of citizens, not so dazzling, to be sure - whose fame, indeed, is circumscribed; who have never been renowned for achievements in war, nor for eloquence, great learning, or statesmanship, but who are, nevertheless, entitled to grateful recognition for the parts they have taken in sustaining society, religion, and the economy of government, who are really more useful to the world than many of those whose fame has extended far and wide. Such men, we mean, as quietly pursue the various necessary vocations of life ; who live honorably, discharge the duties of citizenship, and by liberality, christian deportment, and individual effort contribute to the happiness of all. Thomas D. Woodson, son of Robert S. and Hulda Ann (Young) Woodson, was born in Woodsonville, Hart county, Kentucky, March 10th, 1828. His father was born in Goochland county, Virginia, November 26th, 1796, and moved with his parents to the present site of Woodsonville, then in Barren county, Kentucky, in 1804. His grandfather, Thomas Woodson, was born in Goochland county, Virginia, on the River James, twenty miles above the city of Richmond, December 2d, 1772, and died in Woodsonville, February 14th, 1857. His grandmother, also a native Virginian, born May 2d, 1776, died in the same village, July 21st, 1844. His mother was born January 14th, 1801, in Rockingham county, Virginia, and is still (1881) living, and resides with the subject of this sketch in Richmond, Missouri. His great grandfather, Matthew Wood- son, was born in 1731, and married Elizabeth Levilian, only child of John Peter Levilian. His maternal great grandfather, Jesse Saunders, married Mary, only child of Anthony Levilian. His paternal great grand parents, grand parents, and his father were Old School Baptists. This faith, extending back to John Peter Levilian, making the fourth generation, reminds one of the faith of Paul and also of Timothy, which extended backward to the third or fourth generation. The parents of our subject had nine children, three of whom died in infancy. The rest are as follows, arranged with respect to their ages:. Jane Ann, who married John H. Ardinger, Esq., a merchant of Woodsonville, Kentucky, who subsequently moved to Lexington, Missouri, where he was a prominent citizen a number of years; he is now living in Texas; Philip J.; Martha A., who became the wife of the late Governor Austin A. King, of Missouri; the subject of this sketch; Elizabeth Levilian, wife of Shelby A. Jackson, M. D., of Ohio county, Ken-* tucky, and Robert Hyde, who joined the Confederate army at the commencement of the civil war, and receiving a wound at the battle of Champion Hills, Mississippi, fell into the hands of the enemy and died. His grandfather Thomas was the founder of Woodsonville, once a bright and attractive village, situated on a high plateau, overlooking the surrounding country, on the south bank of Green river, in Hart county, Kentucky. Thomas D. Woodson was a soldier in the war against Mexico, He volunteered in 1847, joining the 4th Kentucky infantry, and served till the close of the war, in the company of which, at first, Pat Gardner and afterwards Thomas Mayfield, was captain. At the close of the Mexican war, he came to Missouri and located at Kingston, in Caldwell county, where he engaged in the mercantile business. He remained in Kingston until in the spring of 1852, when he crossed the plains, with a train of ox wagons, to California. Continuing in California till January, 1854, he returned to his home in Missouri, and pursued his former vocation at Kingston till in 1863, when he removed to Richmond, Ray county, where he resumed merchandising, and conducted a store till the fall of 1878, at which time he closed out to Messrs. Holt & Hughes. In 1868, he participated in the organization of the Ray County Savings Bank, and was chosen its vice-president. He held this position till he disposed of his mercantile house, as above stated, when he turned his attention to banking exclusively. In 1879 he was elected president of the Ray County Savings Bank, and still holds that position. Mr. Woodson has also been extensively engaged in dealing in live stock, farming, etc. He owns several well improved and fertile farms in Ray and adjoining counties. He was married December 5, 1854, to Miss Sabina L. Hughes, a native of Clark county, Kentucky. They have three children living, viz. Lydia Annie, born September 27, 1855; Harrie Philip, born March 23,

1859, and Virginia Elizabeth, born September 11, 1870. Mrs. Woodson was a refined and amiable lady, but she is not now among the living - having died April 11, 1871. Mr. Woodson is a devout and consistant member of the M. E. Church South. His name is untarnished; his friends are legion ; and his life not in vain.

Philip J. Woodson

The subject of this sketch, a brother of Thomas D. Woodson, was born in Woodsonville, Kentucky, January 6, 1823. In the spring of 1849 he went across the plains to California, spending five months on the way. He passed about twelve years in the mining districts of California, most of the time engaged in mining, in which he was quite successful. In the spring of 1861 he returned by the overland stage route, traversing Lower California, Arizona, and Texas, and traveling 2,800 miles in twenty-three days, reaching his home in Kentucky in May. In the spring of 1863 he returned to California, and remained one year, looking after his mining interests. In 1865 Mr. Woodson located permanently in Richmond, Missouri, where he is now a respected citizen. He was engaged in merchandizing in Richmond, in partnership with his brother, T. D. Woodson, Esq., until 1878, when they sold out their stock of goods, and since that time our subject has not been actively engaged in business on account of ill health. He is the owner of a fine farm, containing about five hundred acres, as well as some valuable city property. He was married October 25, 1865, to Miss Hallie J. Jackson, a most accomplished lady, of Bowling Green, Kentucky. He is a member of the1 regular Baptist Church, while his wife is united with the M. E. Church South. For genealogy of Mr. Woodson reference is made to the biographical sketch of his brother, Thomas D. Woodson, Esq.

John C. Brown

John C. Brown was born near Richmond, Ray county, Missouri, January 29, A. D. 1835. His father, William, was born in Rutherford county, Tennessee, October 6, 1809, and was raised and educated in the county of his nativity, and emigrated to Missouri with his parents in 1829, living on a farm during his life. He was a Baptist of the old school type ; never desired office at the hands of the people, but has been content to live the life of a farmer, and a Christian gentleman. He was married to Miss Sarah J. Ralph, in 1832. She was born in Guilford county, North Carolina, January 6, 1813, and came with her parents to Ray county, at an early day. By the marriage of William Brown to Miss Ralph, there were born seven children, one of whom died in infancy; James H. went to Oregon, and died there in 1873; Mary F. died at sixteen years of age; Isaac R.

resides in Carrollton, Missouri, and is clerk of the circuit court in the seventeenth judicial district; Charles W., salesman with McWilliams, Crooke & Co., wholesale hats and caps; Jennie, married to Samuel V. Endsley, of Ray county. John C. the subject of this sketch, was raised on a farm, and finished his course of study at Carrollton, Missouri, in 1856, acquiring a good English education and some knowledge of the Latin. He left school, and followed teaching in Carroll, Saline and Ray counties, always giving satisfaction as a teacher. In April, 1857, he was employed as salesman in the store of Messrs. Hill & Ely, of Carrollton, Missouri, and left in the spring of 1861, with the confidence and approval of his employers; went to farming and dealing in stock till 1872. In November, 1872, he was elected sheriff of Ray county, and having filled the office to the satisfaction of the people, was in November, 1874, re-elected by an increased majority, receiving the largest vote cast for any candidate at that election. At the end of his second term, December, 1876, he retired from the office of sheriff, and commenced the practice of law in partnership with Judge Wm. A. Donaldson, having been admitted to the bar in February, 1877. He was married September 27, 1860, to Miss Hattie A. George, of Caldwell county, Missouri, who is a native of Anderson county, Kentucky, and was born November 22, 1842; and emigrated to Caldwell county with her father, David George, and died August 24, 1872. To this union were born six children, one of whom died in infancy. Of the others, Wm. D. was born July2 7, 1861; Eugenie, August 5, 1864; Anna Bell, March 4, 1866; John Dudley, January 23, 1868, and Charles Oscar, April 29, 1871. On May 6, 1874, Mr. Brown was married to his second wife, Miss Olive E., daughter of Felix G. Miller, Esq., of Ray county, born November 2, 1851. With his father's consent, Mr. Brown left home when seventeen years of age, and without means, principally educated himself, as his parents were unable to give him much pecuniary aid. He attributes his success to the prompt manner in which he always met each and every engagement. Through life he has made it his determined aim to come promptly to time, thus proving the truth of the adage, " punctuality is the soul of business success. " Mr. Brown is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and is a Royal Arch Mason ; he is also a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, and contributes liberally to the building of churches, and to the support of the ministry. In politics he is an unswerving democrat, and has been so from his early manhood. He is at present engaged in the mercantile business in Richmond, where he is respected and esteemed by every one.

George I. Wasson

George I. Wasson was born September 19, 1819, in Wilson county, Tennessee, where he lived, assisting his father on the farm, till he was twenty-one years of age. In 1840, he moved from Tennessee to Missouri, and located in Richmond, Ray county, a stranger, young, without friends, without money, and with no resource, save his indomitable energy, pluck, perseverance, and habits of sobriety and economy. The young Tennesseean was not long in making "troops of friends;" his affability, good nature, and generous, obliging disposition, soon gained for him the esteem of all around him, and he was not long in finding employment, at once congenial, responsible and remunerative. Shortly after his arrival, he was appointed deputy sheriff of Ray county, and after holding this position, discharging its duties with credit to himself and to the entire satisfaction of his principal and the people, he entered a dry goods store as clerk, and continued this occupation about two years. He was then elected constable of Richmond township, and held the office continuously till the year 1846, when, appreciating his steady habits, honesty, capacity and fidelity, the people elected him to the responsible office of sheriff of the county; and at the close of his term, two years afterward, chose him as his own successor.

In 1849, in connection with Joseph S. Hughes, he opened a dry goods, store. He continued in this business, meanwhile conducting a fine farm of six hundred acres, near Richmond, and dealing extensively in leaftobacco, till in 1866. In he was elected president of the branch of

Union Bank of Missouri, located in Richmond, and served with efficiency in this capacity till 1865, in which year he embarked in the private banking business. He continued in this business about twelve years, or until 1877, when he sold out, and engaged in the leaf tobacco trade, packing,, pressing, and shipping, in which he was quite successful; but after about one year he resumed the mercantile business. In September, 1879, he exchanged his store for the hotel formerly known as the Shaw house, which same he has changed to Wasson house. Mr. Wasson is now owner and proprietor of the Wasson house, which he has greatly improved. He is a man of great versatility, of strong natural ccmmon sense, quick to comprehend, and of far-seeing sagacity. Knowingly, he never wounds the feelings of any man; he is ever the friend of public enterprise, of education, and of whatever he believes to be conducive to the good of his friends, of the town in which he lives, or of his county, In whatever department of industry he is engaged, he is the same genial, courteous, and accommodating gentleman, of generous impulses, warmhearted, sympathetic, and kind - hundreds of his fellow-citizens, less fortunate than himself, are indebted to him for deeds of charity. In 18 - he was elected a director of the branch of the Union Bank of Missouri, located at Lexington, Missouri, and in 1868 he was elected a director of the Union National Bank, of St.Louis, and remained an officer thereof till 1874, at which time the bank having failed, he was appointed to wind up its business. October 22, 1842, George I. Wasson was married to Miss Angeline B. Child, a native of Madison county, New York. Mrs. Wasson is a refined and intelligent lady, amiable, benevolent, and affectionate, and much of the success attained by her husband is due to her cheerful disposition, good judgment, and womanly virtues. They have had two children, but both of them died in infancy. George I. has been one of the most active, energetic, and enterprising business men Ray county ever had, and no individual has done more for its advancement, or is now more closely identified with the county, in all that pertains to its prosperity, wealth, and development.

Christopher T. Garner

Christopher Trigg Garner, son of Colonel Jesse W. and Docia (Trigg) Garner, was born March 25, 1825, in Fayette, Howard county, Missouri. Colonel Jesse W. Garner, a native of Virginia, was born in Northumberland county in 1791, and when a boy removed to Winchester, Clark county, Kentucky. He married Docia Trigg January 15, 1810. In 1819 he moved to Missouri, and settled in Old Franklin, Howard county. About a year afterward he removed to Fayette, and from 1820 to 1841 lived in that town and in the vicinity thereof. In the year last mentioned he moved to Ray county, and in 1848 to near Liberty, Clay county, where, in June, 1850, he died. He was one of the Missouri pioneers, a carpenter by trade, and built the first court house and college buildings at Fayette. He was a leading Mason, and was present at the organization of the Masonic Grand Lodge of Missouri. He was a man of integrity of character, decision, energy and enterprise, good judgment, and strong, practical, common sense, highly esteemed and universally respected, kind an3 affectionate in his family relations, generous and philanthropic. Docia Garner was the daughter of Gen. Stephen Trigg, and was born January 21, 1782, in Bedford county, Virginia. She was a descendant of the Trigg family that emigrated from England and settled in Spottsylvania county, Virginia, the sons of which distinguished themselves as soldiers in the revolutionary war, in the war of 1812, and in the Indian wars of a later period. They were in the siege of Yorktown, the battle of King's Mountain, and in the Indian battle at the Blue Licks, Kentucky. C. T. Garner, the subject of this sketch, until he attained his majority, worked at daily labor for his father, attending school irregularly, for short intervals, in the log school-houses of that day. His education was obtained mainly by his own exertion. He taught school about a year, then went into a store as clerk for a few months. Desiring to study the law, he entered the law office of Honorable George W. Dunn, of Richmond, Missouri, in 1845, and read law continuously for nearly three years. In May, 1848, he received license to practice his profession from Judge Austin A. King, afterward governor of Missouri. The judge, on handing him his license, advised him to locate permanently at Richmond and engage in the practice of his profession. He yielded to the suggestion with great reluctance, as the bar of Richmond was then composed of such eminent lawyers as Philip L. Edwards, George W. Dunn, Ephraim B. Ewing, Charles E. Bowman, Mordecai Oliver, and E. A. Lewis. Without any money, library books, or office furniture, he was allowed the privilege of occupying a table in a drug store for his office; a copy of the revised statutes of Missouri, kindly lent him by a friend, was the extent of his library. The first earnings of his profession were applied to paying his legal preceptor for board and instruction while studying his profession. Afterward he purchased such books as his limited means would allow. Sympathizing friends gathered around him, and his prospects for a living practice began to brighten. He soon acquired a remunerative practice, which he has retained at the same bar for a period of thirty-two years. He has traveled his own circuit and practiced in the courts of ten counties. On the 5th day of November, 1850, in Callaway county, Missouri, he was married to Miss Elizabeth B. Mosby, an estimable and accomplished lady, the daughter of Major James Mosby. Mr. Garner was a whig. His judicial circuit, during the existence of that party, was composed of the counties of Ray, Clay, Carroll, Clinton, De Kalb, Harrison, Daviess, and Caldwell, which were then, by a large majority, democratic in politics. In 1852 he became a candidate for circuit attorney, and was elected by a handsome majority over his opponent, who was a good lawyer, a popular man, and a democrat. He discharged the duties of the office until the expiration of his term, in 1856, with success and ability, when he declined a candidacy for re-election. In his prosecution he met such distinguished lawyers as Colonel A. W. Doniphan, Colonel James H. Moss, Governor Willard P. Hall, and Honorable H. M. Vories. Mr. Garner was chosen to draw up the charter for the city of Richmond and secure its incorporation. In 1858 he advocated, by a thorough and energetic canvass, the proposition submitted to the people of his county for voting $200,000 to aid in building a railroad through the county. In 1861 he was strongly and decidedly for the Union, doing all he could to resist the wave of secession, which threatened to involve his native state in civil war. With unfaltering firmness he remained loyal to the government until the end of that memorable struggle. In 1864 he organized a company for the purpose of defending the town and people against the depredations of bushwhackers, by whom they were threat- ened. In 1862 he was elected a member of the general assembly from Ray county, and became a wise, prudent legislator, a prominent leader of the conservative element of that body, and exerted a propitious influence over its deliberations. In 1866 he assisted in procuring the stock and organizing the Ray County Savings Bank, was elected a director, and has been annually re-elected to the present time. Upon the organization of the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Railroad Company and the St. Joseph & St. Louis Railroad Company, he was retained as one of their attorneys, and is still so employed. There is not a public enterprise in his section to which he has not contributed bv his talents and influence, having been, and still being, a liberal contributor to the building of churches and institutions of learning, and to the support of churches, schools, and all movements for the public good. Though not a member of any church, his life has been exemplary, temperate, and moral. He is a Mason, but belongs to no other charitable organization. He is identified with the democratic party, though originally a strong whig. Mr. Garner has an interesting family of seven children: James W., Christopher T., Jr., Elizabeth B., William H., Sarah J., Mary V., and Jessie C. His three eldest children are well educated, being graduates of Richmond College. His wife, Elizabeth B., was born February 6, 1832, in Callaway county, Missouri, and is a most excellent Christian lady, having united with the Christian Church before her marriage.

James W. Black

James Witherspoon Black, son of Rev. James Black and Nancy (Mc- Murran) Black, was born in Jefferson county, Virginia, abcut seven miles from Harper's Ferry, January, 8th, 1828. His father was born in Adams county, Pennsylvania, in 1777. He was a highly educated gentleman, being a graduate of Washington College, Washington county, Tennessee. He is well known in the annals of the Presbyterian Church, having been a devoted, faithful minister of that church for more than fifty years. His labors extended over a wide field, embracing in their limits the states of Tennessee, Maryland, Virginia, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. He married Miss Nancy McMurran, of Shepherdstown, Jefferson county, Virginia, in 1820. After a long, useful, and active life, he died at his home in Shepherdstown, Virginia, in the eighty-fourth year of his age. Colonel Black's mother was born in Shepherdstown, Virginia, in 1792. She was the daughter of Mr. Joseph McMurran, a native of the County of Down, Ireland, who emigrated to Jefferson county, Virginia, at an early day. He married a Miss Lowrie, of Virginia, who survived him many years. Colonel Black's mother, after the death of his father, continued to live in Shepherdstown till in 1863, when she removed to Richmond, Missouri, and lived with her son, Joseph E. Black, until her death, March 16, 1869.

The subject of this sketch received a portion of his early education in his native county. On the removal of his parents to Cambridge, Guernsey count)', Ohio, in the spring of 1837, he was entered a student at Cambridge Academy, and made some progress in the branches pertaining to an English education. He afterwards attended for a short time a select school in Belmont county, Ohio. In 1844, his parents moved from Ohio to Washington county, Pennsylvania; thence, in 1845, to Somerset count}', same state; and finally returned to Jefferson county, Virginia. In the fall of 1846, he entered, as a student, Washington College, Washington county, Pennsylvania, and there commenced the prosecution of his classical studies. While at this institution he gave preference to the Washington Literary Society. Hon. James G. Blaine, now secretary of state of the United States, and Hon. James H. Hopkins, democratic member of congress from Pennsylvania, in 1876, were students at Washington College at the time our subject attended that school. On leaving Washington College in 1847, he pursued his classical studies under the tutilage of Prof. Joseph J. Stutzman, of Somerset, Pennsylvania. His course of classical studies with Prof. Stutzman embraced Latin, Greek and German. In 1848, he began the study of law in the office of Messrs. Cox & Stutzman, of Somerset, and was admitted to the bar on motion of Colonel J. R. Edie, February 5, 1851, after a rigid examination by a sworn committee, appointed by Hon. Jeremiah S. Black, then on the bench. Judge Black presided over the committee on examination, and took an active part in propounding questions to the young applicants. On receiving his license as an attorney, young Black returned to his home in Virginia, first visiting, however, a number of the eastern cities, and spending some days in Washington City, where he visited the capitol while congress was in session, and had the pleasure of seeing and hearing in debate such illustrious statesmen as Clay, Cass, Corwin, Chase, Benton, Butler, Douglas, Davis, (Jefferson) Hale, Houston, Foote, Soule and Seward. After receiving license to practice his profession, he remained at home but a short time, till he left for the great west, his destination being St. Paul, Minnesota. After a long trip, mainly by steamboat, he reached that city about the 10th of April, 1851, and was cordially received by Hon. Alexander, governor of the territory. St. Paul, at that time, was a small place, and for a great portion of the year cut off from the pleasures of the more civilized country farther southward. The prospect of acquiring a lucrative practice in St. Paul was not very encouraging hence he concluded to return to St. Louis, and decide there upon some other point at which to establish himself in the practice of his profession. After remaining in St. Louis a short time, he concluded to go to western Missouri, and took passage on the steamboat Isabel, for Independence, having with him a young friend named George S. Hupp, who had accom- panied him from St. Paul. Meeting on the boat Dr. Thomas Kino-, a member of the legislature from Ray county, they were induced bv that gentleman to visit Richmond, in Ray county. They arrived at Richmond, May 7, 1851, and being pleased with the country, concluded to remain, and formed a co-partnership for the practice of the law. The following- August, however, Mr. Hupp was summoned home and Mr. Black continued the practice alone till October, following, when he engaged as teacher in the Richmond Academy. The next spring he established the Richmond Herald, mentioned elsewhere in this volume. In 1852, he sold the Herald and resumed the practice of law, and continued it till the spring of 1853, when he established a school at Liberty school district in Ray county. He followed teaching at Liberty, Wakanda and Camden, until the commencement of the civil war. The fall of the year 1855, however, was spent in traveling through the eastern states. On the organization of the militia in Ray county, in July, 1862, he was appointed enrolling officer of Ray county, and after enrolling the militia of the county was appointed by General Loan, mustering officer, and organized and mustered into service ten companies of militia, which formed the 51st regiment of Missouri enrolled militia, and in October, 1862, he was commissioned by Governor Gamble lieutenant colonel of this regiment. In December, 1862, he was appointed by General Vaughan, commander of the military post of Richmond, Missouri, with full command of all the military forces in the county, which position he held till the spring of 1863. While in command of the 51st regiment, he frequently performed active service in Ray, Lafayette, Jackson and other counties of western Missouri.

In 1863, as provost marshal of Ray, he enrolled the county, agreeably to the conscription act. In 1864 he was elected, on the democratic ticket, to represent Ra}^, in the general assembly, and served in that bod}- from 1864 to 1866. In the summer of 1866, he was one of the delegates from the sixth congressional district of Missouri, to the democratic national convention at Philadelphia; and was, also, one of the delegation that called on President Andrew Johnson, after the adjournment of the convention, Hon. Reverdy Johnson being chairman of the delegation and delivering the address to the President at the White House. In 1866 he received the appointment of United States revenue collector for the sixth district of Missouri, from President Johnson. His headquarters were St. Joseph. In January, 1867, he made a tour of inspection of the entire sixth revenue district, by order of the revenue department, and made a full and complete report of all the distilleries in the district. On making such report he received a very complimentary letter from the commissioner of internal revenue, and was by that officer strongly recommended to the United States senate for confirmation. He was, on Feb- ruary 26, 1867, unanimously confirmed by the senate collector of the sixth district, on motion of Senator B. Gratz Brown, of Missouri. In 1868 he again resumed the practice of law in Richmond, entering into co-partnership with his brother, Judge J. E. Black. In 1870 he was elected, as a democrat, mayor of the city of Richmond. He has served as member of the city council five years, having been first elected in 1874. In the fall of 1876, he was appointed mayor of Richmond by the city council, Vice William S. Seymour, resigned, and served till April, 1877. He has been a director of Richmond College since 1879; and since the fall of that year president of the board of directors. Colonel Black strongly opposed secession, and was a firm advocate of the Union. He deplored the necessity of civil war, clearly foreseeing its desolating results; yet he was of the opinion that secession was wrong, and if successfully accomplished would weaken and ultimately ruin a nation, which, united, is the most prosperous and powerful on the globe; hence, he was for maintaining the Union, even at the cost of internecine conflict. While in the general assembly during the winter of 1865-66, a bill was introduced by the member from Caldwell, for the purpose of changing the northern boundary of Ray county, and depriving it of all the land in townships fifty-four, commonly known as the " six mile strip." The bill, through the exertions of himself and his colleague, Hon. John Grimes, was defeated. In 1872, he was secretary of the democratic central committee and in the fall of that year, received the support of the Ray county delegates for congress. Colonel Black has been married three times. His first marriage was with Miss Joey H. Nisbet, of Rav county, a native of Armagh county, Ireland, May 28, 1857. His first wife, who was a lady of exceeding grace, culture and refinement, died October 3, 1860. June 15, 1863, he married Miss Florence E. Menefee, of Booneville, Missouri, an accomplished lady, who died January 29, 1866. His third marriage, October 15, 1874, was with Miss Sue T. Child, of Richmond, a native of Philadelphia, but for several years a resident of Richmond, Virginia. She was in the latter city most of the time, while it was beleaguered by the Federal forces. In 1864, she succeeded in getting through the lines, and passing up the valley of Virginia, via Winchester and Martinsburg, reached Philadelphia in March, 1864. She is a sister of Hon. Jacob T. Child, editor of the Richmond Conservator, and is an intelligent, amiable and affectionate lady, attractive in person, and refined in manners. Colonel Black has two children living, issue of his first marriage, viz: James Black, a promising young man in his twenty-first year, who has recently graduated first in class - of which he was chosen valedictorian - from the State University, at Columbia, Missouri; and Mary G. O. Black, who lives with her uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Maitland, of Ray county. The only child of the second marriage, Henry

Menefee Black, died in 1866. Colonel Black is a member of the Presbyterian Church. James W. Black has had a somewhat varied experience in life, but in every way an upright, useful and honorable one. Himself a ripe scholar, a warm-hearted, public spirited gentleman, he has been the active, ardent and faithful friend of education, religion, and of every enterprise looking to the betterment of his friends and neighbors, or to the promotion of the general welfare.

David H. Quesenberry

A native of Virginia, born in Fauquier county, December 20, 1805. In his infancy, his parents moved to Barren county, Kentucky, of course, taking him with them. In 1834 Mr. Quesenberry removed to Lafayette county, Missouri, and the following year to Richmond, Ray county, where he has ever since resided. He has lived in Richmond more than forty-six years, continuously, and has been a resident of the town longer than any other person now living. Mr. Quesenberry has long enjoyed the respect, confidence, and esteem of his fellow-citizens. He was six years deputy clerk of the county court of Ray county; for about three years postmaster of Richmond, and filled the office of justice of the peace over twenty-five years. He was married October 9, 1828, to Miss Lucinda Warder, of Barren county, Kentucky. They were neighbors from infancy. They have only one child living, Mary Ann, born July 28, 1829, in Barren county, Kentucky, who became the wife of the late Honorable Aaron H. Conrow, of Richmond. John Zacheus, born July 4, 1836, died in infancy. He and his wife are members of the M. E. Church South, and are consistent, exemplary Christians. Their earthly labors must soon have ceased, but they will continue to live in the hearts of a host of friends.

Benjamin J. Brown

Benjamin Johnson Brown was born in Franklin county, Kentucky, December 9, 1807. He lived in that state till about the age of twentyfive, and then, in 1832, moved to Missouri, and settled in Ray county, of which he was one of the pioneers. When he reached Richmond there were only three or four houses in the town, and the county was sparsely settled. He was here to encounter the inconveniences and hardships of pioneer life, and lived to enjoy the comforts, growth, and development of the county in after years. To this improvement no man contributed more than the subject of this sketch. Always enterprising and liberal, of an open, generous disposition, and a warm heart, he was ever ready to aid in all enterprises calculated to benefit his town, lounty, or state. He gathered rapidly and gave with a liberal hand, and was never known to turn his back upon any meritorious enterprise or object. There were but few men who shared so largely the confidence of the people. He was four different times elected by the people of his county to the office of sheriff - twice without opposition. He was also twice elected to the office of state senator from his district, and was president of the senate at the time of his death. These and many other positions of public trust were bestowed upon him by his fellow-citizens, the duties of all which he discharged with promptness and fidelity. At the outbreaking of the civil war, Colonel Brown espoused the cause of the south, and became a gallant soldier in the Confederate army. He ranked as colonel, and commanded a regiment at the battle of Springfield, Missouri, in which he lost his life, August 10, 1861, while leading a charge upon one of the columns of the enemy. From the position of the enemy the charge was, of necessity, somewhat protracted, and when killed, Colonel Brown was some thirty yards in advance of his forces, making observations with a view to triumphant onslaught. At the time of his death he was a member of the Christian Church at Richmond. Colonel Brown was twice married. The first time to a Mrs Moon, of Richmond, Missouri, by whom he had five children, as follows: Thomas J., of Gallatin, Missouri; Mariah F., wife of James S. De Masters, of Richmond; Susan J., ofWaverly, Missouri; Ro* Ann, wife of James P. Kiger, of Richmond, and Alice J., wife of B. F. McCord, of Waverly, Missouri. His second marriage, December 15, 1845, was with Miss Mary Ann White, who was born August 28, 1825, in Scott county, Kentucky. About the year 1840, she moved with her mother (her father, David B. White, having died in Kentucky), to Clay county, Missouri, and subsequently settled permanently in Richmond, where her marriage with Colonel Brown was solemnized. She survives her husband, and with her son, Walter W. Brown, is keeping house in Richmond, at her beautiful home in the northern part of the city. The issue of Colonel Brown's second marriage is seven children, two of whom are deceased. The living are: Mary L., wife of Wesley Allison, of Lawson, Ray county; William T., of Lawson; Benjamin J., Walter W. and Emily Oliver, wife of Rev. James Elmore Dunn, of Plattsburg, Missouri. Walter W. Brown, who lives with his mother, was born May 26, 1858, in Ray county. He received his education at Richmond College. When seventeen years of age he engaged with J. W. Harrison, of Richmond, Missouri, to learn the trade of harnessmaker. After working with Mr. Harrison about five years, he accepted a situation with Dan T. Duval, of Richmond, with whom he is yet engaged. Mr. Brown is a skilled workman, devoting most of his time to fine work, for doing which he has an excellent reputation. He is a sensible, sober, industrious young man, and his success in life is assured.

Adam J. Barr

Adam Johnston Barr was born July 4, 1828, in Bethlehem, Northampton county, Pennsylvania. His father, James Barr, came from near Glasgow, Scotland, to America, in 1801, and settled in New York City, where he lived with his father for some time; then moved to Pennsylvania, where Adam, the subject of this sketch was born. Colonel Barr is a descendant of Scotch parents, of which he is a genuine type. When he was about nine years old, his father, with his family, moved to Steuben county, New York, in which state they resided two years, and then returned to Pennsylvania, where for man}- years he lived with his parents upon a farm. "When quite young Adam left home to mark out his own destiny. He had no education, save such as he had obtained during the winter terms of a country school. After leaving home, however, he attended the academy of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, and when his money gave out, he would teach a term of country school, and then return to his studies. After attending the academy for some time in this way, he left school and obtained a position as receiving clerk at the Cambria iron works, then in process of construction. Having accumulated some means he concluded to study medicine and accordingly entered the office of Dr. Yeagly, at Johnstown, in the fall of 1819. He attended medical lectures in Cincinnati, where he graduated in 1852, and then went to Waverly, Pike count}', Ohio, to commence the practice of his profession. When he arrived at Waverly he had but one dollar with which to begin business. He soon, however, acquired a good practice, and, before the year closed, found that he had a practice that was paying him at the rate of three thousand dollars per year. He won great popularity and his success in his profession was remarkable. Becoming dissatisfied with the place, however, and desiring to seek a home in the west, he left Waverly in the fall of 1858, and came to Ray county, Missouri, where he settled and practiced his profession. In 1859 Adam J. Barr was married to Miss Nannie Jacobs, daughter of Clayton Jacobs, a merchant and an old and respected citizen of Ray county. To them were born two children: Leo James and Lizzie Theodosia. Here he practiced medicine until the breaking out of the rebellion. Being a strong Union man, and coming as he did from Ohio, he was regarded by many as a northern man. During the presidential canvass of 1860, he took decided grounds with the Douglas party, and strongly advocated the election of Stephen A. Douglas to the presidency, and became somewhat prominent in the canvass as a Douglas democrat. The excitement growing out of this election continued, and the discussion of its issues engendered strife and deepened the prejudice then existing till the country was precipitated into civil war. His strong outspoken advocacy of the Union rendered his position, to some extent, perilous. While in his office one evening compounding some medicine, he was shot at through the window, the bullet passing close to his tace and breaking the glass on the shelf in front of which he was standing. He was at this time corresponding with the Hon. James H. Burch, Sr., who was at Jefferson City attending the state convention. The object of these communications was to devise some plan for military relief, and to keep the representatives in the state convention properly advised as to the condition of this part of the state. Having been informed that plots were formed for his assassination, he was compelled to escape to the woods, where he remained several days without food or shelter. He resolved one night to venture into a lonely cabin surrounded by a dense forest, and obtain some nourishment, and, if possible, learn something of the military bands in search of him. On approaching the cabin everything was quiet, but the door was soon opened to his raps, and he found the inmate to be a strong Union man, and learning from him the names of the Union men in the neighborhood, he wrote out a call to them to meet him in the woods near by, at ten o'clock the following night, and bring with them such arms as they could collect, and also bring good horses, blankets, etc. To this call twenty-five well armed men came, and he was at once chosen their leader. They .marched to Cameron, reaching that place at daylight the next morning. Here they met Major James, with a small organization of militia. From here they went to St. Joseph, participating in skirmishes on the way. From St. Joseph, Col. Barr went to Chillicothe, Missouri, where he was appointed assistant surgeon, and placed in charge of the hospital. The following spring he accompanied a detachment of soldiers, under Major A. Allen, to Richmond, Ray county, where he remained during the summer, recruiting and reorganizing the militia of the county, and was commissioned by Governor Gamble, colonel of the Ray county (Missouri) militia, who were armed, equipped and put into active service. Under his military control the peace of the county was soon restored, and citizens of both parties returned to their usual vocations of life. In the fall of 1862 the state election was held, and he was chosen a representative of the state general assembly from Ray county. He served two sessions and took an active part, with others, in the reorganization of the state government, supporting all the important measures looking toward the restoration of law and quiet. In ' the senatorial contest he voted for John S. Phelps, until he was with-. drawn; then, as his second choice, for Judge Breckenridge, of St. Louis, but the general assembly adjourned without electiong a U. S. senator. Upon his return home he canvassed the county, and in public speeches advocated the emancipation policy of the general government. He was returned to the legislature, fully endorsed by his constituents, and voted for B. Gratz Brown and John B. Henderson for the United States senate.

In 1864 under the new call of President Lincoln for additional troops, he, in connection with Colonel Bradshaw, of St. Joseph, recruited the 44th regiment of infantry volunteers. Colonel Bradshaw was commissioned colonel, and he lieutenant-colonel of the regiment, and they were mustered into service, and at once ordered to Paducah, Kentucky. Upon arriving there they found orders and transfers awaiting to take them to Tennessee, to re-inforce General Schofield, who was suffering from General Hood's army, which had entered the state, and were en route to Nashville. They met Schofield's retreating army at Columbia, where they were immediately thrown into battle, and from Columbia to Franklin they were continually under fire. At Spring Hill they gallantly led a charge, and turned the flanking enemy. At Franklin they were in the hottest of the fight, and here, during a charge upon the outer works held by the enemy, a large number of the regiment were killed and wounded. Here Colonel Bradshaw, early in the fight, was wounded and fell into the hands of the enemy. Colonel Barr was now left in command of the regiment, and fought bravely till the close of the battle, but the Union forces retreated to Nashville, where the 44th Missouri was attached to the 16th army corps, of General A. J. Smith. Colonel Barr, at the head of his regiment, participated in the three days' fight at Nashville, and then, in the pursuit of General Hood's army across the mountainous country of Tennessee. They were next taken by transports to Eastport, Mississippi, where Colonel Barr received the news of his election, as a delegate, to represent Ray, Clinton, Caldwell, and Carroll counties, in the state constitutional convention. He laid the communication before General Smith, who gave him leave of absence, and ordered a gun-boat to take him to Cairo, where he took the cars for St. Louis. Upon his arrival in that city he took his seat in the convention, which had been in session some time, and the ordinance abolishing slavery had been passed, but by resolution he was allowed to record his vote in favor of the emancipation of slavery in Missouri. He was placed upon some of the most important committees, and took a prominent part in the deliberations of the convention, being frequently called to the chair. At the assembling of the legislature, after the adoption of the new constitution, he was elected by that body one of the curators of the state university. He was also, the same year, elected clerk of the circuit court of Ray county, and was appointed assistant United States assessor of the sixth district of Missouri. When solicited, in 1867, to become a candidate for congress, he refused, saying that he had no desire for any other office, and besides, his personal friend, Van Horn, was a candidate, and he did not wish to be in his way. Subsequently he became a delegate to the congressional convention, which met at Liberty, and did much to secure the nomination of Van Horn. He was then selected by his friends, as a candidate for lieutenant-governor of the state, but would not allow his name to be used. Having studied law Colonel Barr abandoned medicine, and, since the war, has been engaged in the practice of the legal profession. He has since, and during the war, advocated and supported the policy of the republican party; but he has avoided all public participation with either party, preferring the quiet of his home to the strife and turmoil of the politician. In religion, as in politics, he is liberal in all his views. He believes in the divinity of the Bible, but thinks that the popular theology of the day is liable to misconstrue and misapply many of its most essential truths; that true religion is like truth, analytical, and courts investigation, becoming brighter thereby; but that human creeds and theology are synthetic, once torn to pieces, and thoroughly dissected by a scientist, they can never be re-united, and therefore engender strife and discord; that true Christianity unites the human family in bonds of love and respect, and elevates and ennobles the race.