Millwood Township

Millwood Township

Section 15, in Township 50 north, Range 2 west, and is about twelve miles northwest of Troy. In LS4J3 an etforl was made for the establishment of b postoffice near where M illwood now Btands, and Di Hilary P. Mudd, who hccainr tlm first post muster, selected and forwarded to the department at Washington the name of Fairview for the new office; but there being already a postoffice in the State of that name it could not be adopted. II*- theo Bent on the name of Millward, after the name of the Federal marshal of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, who was at that time a prominent Whig politician. The postoffice department mistook the Last syllable, "ward,'1 for "wood," hence the name

'-Millwood." Joseph S. Wells built the first house in the villain in 1851, ami used it as a store and dwelling honse. The second store was opened by William F. Elder. In 1853 Dr. H. P. and Judge H. T. Mudd formed a partnership, opened a store and continued the business together until about 1859, when the former retired. The latter, Judge Mudd, then continued the business alone until 1885, when he took in his son Daniel as a partner, comprising the firm of H. T. Mudd & Son, and they still continue in the business and keep a general stock of everything needed by the people. (They also have a general store and lumber yard at Silex. )

At present the village contains the general store above mentioned and two drug stores, kept respectively by Drs. H. B. Wommack and J. D. Mudd. The former, in 1871, established the first drug store ever kept in the place. The physicians of Millwood are the druggists here mentioned. Since the village was founded other business enterprises have existed. In 1866 William R. Mattingly commenced the business of wagon-making and blacksmithing, and in 1876 R. M. Elder opened a boot and shoe shop, and for a time J. Emmet Cummings sold drygoods and farm implements. Millwood has two schools, public and select. The latter is a high school wherein instruction in the higher branches is given. Prof. C. B. M. Thurmond, the efficient principal, has just closed the high school for the last year, and has given good satisfaction to his patrons. With the exception of a few years during the excitement of the war period, the postoffice has remained in the hands of the Mudds. Dr. £L

P. Mudd, the first postmaster, held the office at his dwelling house until some time during the war, when he was succeeded by William F. Elder. The latter was succeeded by James E. Mudd and he by Daniel H. Mudd, the present incumbent. Millwood is surrounded with a very good farming country, but being situated as it is within three and one-half miles of Silex. a leading shipping point on the railroad, it is destined to continue only a small village. A few things will remain with it, among which may be mentioned the large general store of Judge Mudd & Son, and the Roman Catholic Church and the convent school. The church and school will be mentioned elsewhere in this work. The history of Millwood would not be complete without a personal mention of its founder, Joseph S. Wells, who Avas one of the pioneer settlers of the county, and who taught the first schools in the Millwood neighborhood. After leaving Millwood he went to Olney, and founded that village. He became a Baptist minister, did much good in the cause of Christianity, and was well liked by all who knew him. His wTife was a Miss Sands, whom he married about the year 1844. After completing a period of very useful citizenship in this county, he moved to Texas, where he remained until his death.

New Hope

New Hope, a small village in Hurricane Township, was surveyed January 16, 1837, on land of Charles Cox, being the south part of the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 35, Township 51 north, Range 1 east. The plat was acknowledged before Francis Parker, clerk of the circuit court. Being surrounded with an excellent farming country, it was formerly a place of considerable business importance. It is now only a post hamlet, containing a general store, postoffice, a couple of churches, and a few residences. Andrew Cochran was the first merchant at New Hope, and kept a store there during the thirties. It was then a wilderness all the way from there to what is now Elsberry.

New Salem

in that or the following pear. The lodge bad seventeen oharter members. The first officers were W. II Orenshaw, W. M : Dr. \\ Uliam II. \\ ise, B. W.\ J. II Dryden, J. W.\ Beverlj Duey, 8. I >. ; D. T. Killam. J. D. j r>. P, Hardesty, Secy. ; William Magrader, Tress.; John Bell, Tyler. The lodge owns a hall, which is the oond Btory of b dwelling house The hall cost aboul $400. The present membership of the lodge is sixty-four. Its financial condition is good, and it is doing good work.

miles distant on a straight line, and one mile east of the western boundary of the county. It is surrounded by a beautiful and fertile prairie country, the surface of which is slightly rolling, with here and there a visible grove of timber, which makes the landscape exceedingly picturesque. The town was founded in 1855 by Joseph S. AVells, who, in that year, built the first house but gave no name to the place. A few years later a postoffice was established there by the name of Lost Branch, the name of the creek on which the town is located. This name originated, according to tradition, from the fact that on one occasion, when the old pioneer settler, John Hudson, was hunting near the source of the creek, and near the present site of Olney, he became lost, and had to lie out over night, " and would have frozen to death but for his faithful dogs, that lay on and around him, and kept him warm until daylight appeared, and he again discovered his bearings." For many years the town was regularly called Nineveh, but on the 17th of May, 1875, it was surveyed and platted by Surveyor John C. Downing for John C. Wells and the other proprietors, and was named Olney. As surveyed, it contained seventy-five lots of various sizes.

The first store in the place was opened by its founder, Joseph S. Wells, and continued until it was closed on account of the Civil War, after which it was again opened. Samuel Green opened a general store in 1876, and conducted it alone until 1881, when he took in M. P. Smith as a partner, comprising the firm of Samuel Green & Co., with a capital of about $10,000. Afterward, Higginbotham Sc Reed kept a general store, with a like amount of capital. The town has grown bo that at the present (June, L888) it contains two large general stores, kept respectively by Samuel Green and Mason, Duvel & Co.; the well-filled drug store of Dr. Theron Ives, which he established in 1874; the hardware and agricultural implement store of William C. Logan ; the furniture and undertaking store of A. L. Orr; the millinery store of Mrs. Kate Green; the millinery and dressmaking establishment of Mrs. Annie Jones ; the blacksmith shops of F. C. Stroker and J. W. Williams; the extensive manufactory of wagons, buggies, plows, cultivators, etc., of F. C. Stroker; the grist and saw mill of Joseph Palmer, run by N. G. Cornelius; the Olney Hotel, erected in 1885, and since kept by the accommodating landlord, E. G. Dehart, and his lady. The physicians of the town are W. L. Northcut, Charles G. Moseley and Theron Ives. Dr. H. W. Sperry, an old practitioner, having practiced about forty years, now retired, is a resident of the place. Rev. J. J. Smiley, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, is also a resident. Olney contains two church edifices, the Cumberland Presbyterian and the Methodist Episcopal Church South. It also contains the following societies: Nineveh Lodge No. 472, A. F. & A. M., chartered October 15, 1874, with J. S. R. Gregory W. M. ; A. S. Morris, S. W. and Joseph Myers, J. W. ; present membership, thirty-one. The hall occupied by this lodge was erected in 1873 by a joint stock company. It is a two-story frame building, the lower story being used as a wareroom. Olney Lodge No. 190, A. O. U. W., chartered May 31, 1880, has fifty-four members, and meets on the second and fourth Saturdays of each month. Olney Lodge No. 18, Triplp Alliance, chartered April 16, 1883, meets occasionally. Olney has a district school, and about eighty-five children of school age.

Then followed the names of over forty stockholders, and also a copy of the constitution and by-laws, and the following is a copy of tin' record of the decree of the Court:

" 1 u the matter of the Olney Institute. Now at this day comes J. L. Duncan, president; B. F. Reed, secretary; and Samuel Green, treasurer of said Olney Institute, and submit to the Court the articles of association, together with a petition praying for a pro forma decree in manner provided by law, and it appearing to the Court that said petition has remained on file in the clerk's office of said court at least three days since same was presented to the Court, and the Court having duly examined said articles of association, and the purposes of the association as herein expressed come properly within the purview of Article 10, Chapter 21 of the revised statutes of Missouri, of 1879, entitled 'Benevolent, Scientific, Educational and Miscellaneous Associations,' and amendments thereto, approved April 2, 1885, and not inconsistent with the laws of the United States or the State of Missouri. It is therefore adjudged and decreed by the Court that the prayer of the petition be granted and that said petitioners pay the costs in this suit expended."

Prior to its formal incorporation the association had organized and purchased a lot containing two acres, beautifully located on the north side of the village of Olney, and had erected thereon a handsome two story brick building, containing two schoolrooms on each floor, those on the second or upper floor being separated by folding doors so arranged as to throw them into one room when occasion required. The building cost $3,500, and was completed in time for school to commence about the date of the incorporation of the association. The first school therein was opened by Prof. Nichols, who taught and superintended the school for two years, and succeeded in giving it a good reputation. The third year of the school was taught and superintended by the present able and efficient principal, Elijah Ford, B. S. His assistants were Miss Carrie Alloway, Prof. A. J. Marshall and Miss Margie Connell.

Preparatory Department. - Reading, spelling, writing, geography, map drawing, English grammar (primary), mental arithmetic, written arithmetic, United States history, voice culture, compositions and declamations.

High School Department. - First year - English grammar, familiar science, natural philosophy, physiology, physical geography, higher arithmetic, civil government, elements of algebra, essays and orations. Second year - Rhetoric, elocution, universal history, word analysis, political economy, mental philosophy, moral philosophy, higher algebra, geometry, essays and orations, Latin and Greek. Third year - Astronomy, chemistry, botany, geology, zoology, methods of teaching, trigonometry, navigation and surveying, essays and orations, Latin, Greek.

Preparatory. - The aim in this department is to give the student a good common school education, and to lay well the foundation for a more advanced course.

The fourth scholastic year <>f this institution will begin September L9, lSsS. and continue nine months. Preparations have been made to accommodate a Large attendance next year.

Miss Jennie Baker, of Danville, Mo., has been employed as teacher of English Language and Literature. Miss Baker is a regular graduate of the Danville Academy, receiving the degree of Mistress of Arts. She has taught successfully in the St. Louis public schools and in St. Charles1 College.

Dr. \Y. L. Northcutt has consented to deliver lectures on special subjects in physiology and hygiene. His knowledge and experience in his profession eminently qualify him for this important feature of the work.

Miss Mattie E. Smiley will give lessons in instrumental music. She has received instructions from one of the best graduates of the St. Louis Musical Conservatory, and comes very highly recommended.

Miss Margie Connell will have charge of the preparatory department. She is not a stranger, but a tried and faithful teacher. Her work in the school last year was highly satisfactory to all concerned.

Owen

Or Owen Station, is situated on the St. Louis & Hannibal (Short Line) Railway, four miles southeast of Moscow. It was laid out and platted in January, 1884, on lands owned by James W. Owen and S. P. Hill, and named in honor of the former. Madison Wommack opened the first store at this place, and in February, 1884, he sold it to Capt. Martin V. Moseley, who still continues in the business, it being the only store there. Mr. Moseley is also the postmaster.

Silex

A village containing nearly 300 inhabitants, is situated on the St. Louis & Keokuk Railroad, twelve miles northwest of Troy. In 1880 George P. Smith was engaged in the mercantile business at a point called Cave City, just beyond the rock- cut north of where Sil ex now stands, and when the railroad was completed to the site of Silex he moved his stock of goods there and opened, the first store in the town. Mr. Smith continued in business and boarded the railroad hands until 1882, and was then succeeded by L. C. Kimbler, who continued in business until March, 1885, when his property was destroyed by fire. He received $2,000 insurance and afterward rebuilt. The town was laid out and platted in 1882, by Portus B. Weare.

The second store in Silex was opened by the Jameson Bros., in a building which stood upon stilt legs, as it were, but in the fall of 1882 they built and moved into another building. This was all of the town up to 1884, when the Moseley Hotel was begun. This hotel is a very large, three and a half story frame building, with business rooms on the first floor, and hotel rooms above. The erection of this hotel seemed to give an impetus to the further building of the town, and in the fall of 1885 the business directory was as follows: General merchandise, Porter k Crider; drugs, J. T. Henry & Co. ; hardware, F. B. Martin, Mudd & Gift; hotel, Andrew Teague; boarding-house, Frank Dyer; livery, Frank Dyer; lumber, Porter & Crider; saloon, T. J. Mattingly; builder and contractor, W. S. Henry; saw mill, W. C. Freeman ; jewelry, S. E. Cruzen ; general merchandise, W. D. Jameson & Co.; millinery and dressmaking, Miss S. E. Hudson; wagon and blacksmith shop, J. N. Mudd; physician, Dr. Slaughter.

Since then the business of Silex has undergone some changes. At the present writing, Porter & Crider occupy four business rooms on the first floor of the Moseley Hotel building, with their immense stock of general merchandise. Judge II. T. Mudd &

Bon keep a general stoic, and also a lumber-yard. The other business of the town is as follows: Hardware, J, S. Donaldson; grocery, J. I>. Henry; furniture and undertaking goods, W. S. Henry; drugs, Dr. (1. I*. Smiley; grocery and restaurant, \j. C. ELimbler; blacksmith ing, H. W. King; barness and shoemaker, Samuel Wirz; hotel, T. A. Ifattingly; millinery, Miss Bettie Hudson; agricultural implements, J. E. Cummins; livery, Walker & Hall; hardware and blacksmith ing, J. N. Mudd; grain dealers, H. T. Mudd & Son, and .). Overstreet; postmaster, L. C. Kimbler; corn mill, T. B. Duncan; wool-carding mill, Gus Elder. On the railroad stands a neat and convenient passenger and freight depot, the water-tank and a large grain warehouse. There is also one church (Baptist) and a public schoolhouse. Silex is situated on a beautiful, level site in the valley of the Cuivre, about half a mile from the big iron bridge on the road leading to Millwood and Olney. It is the principal outlet for a large tract of good agricultural lands, especially in the western part of the county, and consequently will remain a permanent business place, and improve with the country around it.

Steeling

Sterling is a landing on the west bank of the Mississippi River. It was laid off November 9, 1836, on a Spanish grant of 800 arpents, confirmed by Congress to Louis Brazeau, being Survey 1679, Township 50 north, Range 3 east, on lands of Francis Withington and Joseph Cochran. The plat was acknowledged before Lawrence B. Sitton, justice of the peace. Like the other landing on the river in Lincoln County, Sterling has become, since the building of the railroads, a place only in name.

Troy, the county seat of Lincoln County, is situated on the St. Louis & Hannibal (Short Line) Railway, 68.4 miles south from Hannibal, and fifty-seven miles northwest from St. Louis. It lies one mile north and the same distance west of the southeast corner of Township 49 north, Range 1 west. It was surveyed and laid out September 16, 1819, by Deacon Joseph Cottle, Lee F. T. Cottle and Zadock Woods, the original proprietors.

The survey was made on an angle of thirty-one degrees west of North Main Street, on which nearly all the business of the town is located. Main and Monroe Streets were surveyed sixty feet wide, those running parallel with Main fifty, and the cross streets tfiirty-three feet wide. It is hard to conceive why such intelligent men as the original proprietors of Troy should lay out a town, prospectively, as they did, for the county seat, with such narrow streets, the cross streets (running north fifty-nine degrees east) being less in width than ordinary country highways. The insufficient width of the streets detracts very much from the appearance of the town. It might have been made much more attractive had the streets been given sufficient width. The original town contained 200 lots. The spring on the west side of Main Street and a small tract of ground surrounding it were donated to the public when the town was laid out by Joseph Cottle and Azubah, his wife.

Additions to Troy. - In October, 1825, J. N. Bobbins, E. Collard, J. Ruland and Samuel Wells laid out an addition to Troy, adjoining the original town to the westward, and lying between Boone and Collier Streets. It appears on the map of Troy in the county atlas as a part of Woods' addition. Collier's addition, adjoining the latter on the northward, was laid out in 1837 by George Collier, the original proprietor. It was surveyed by John M. Hopkins. The block where the jail stands is the southeast corner block of this addition. The schoolhouse is also on this addition. Brown's addition was laid out on February 29, 1872, by James D. Brown and wife. It contains lots numbered 401 to 424, inclusive, all being 90x100 feet in size except Nos. 401 and 402, which are 100 feet square. It lies on the right hand of the street leading to the railroad depot. Perkins' addition, in the extreme western part of Troy, was laid out in April, 1875, by Walton Perkins. Avery's addition, adjoining the original plat to the eastward, was laid out in May, 1882, by Samuel W. Avery. Woolfolk's addition, joining Avery's on the east, was laid out in November, 1881, by Shapleigh R. Woolfolk. It was surveyed by John F. Wilson, county surveyor. Bonfils' addition, adjoining the original plat on the south, was laid out in June, 1882, by E. N. Bonfils. Some other tracts have been platted and added to the original town.

'lie fii bouse in l'i>'\ was a l<»'r cabin, erected about the yeai ls''l l»\ Deacon Joseph Cottle, It Btood a Bhorl distance south of tin- public spring. Boos thereafter a corn mill, operated 1>\ horse power, wbb erected bi Mi-. Cottle Dear his residence, it being on the property do^ occupied bj M is. Sedlacek. Afterward Col, David Bailey erected a distillery on the Bpring branoh at the southeast corner of the lot occupied by the fine residence of Henry Havercamp. He also erected a horse-power present burnt district) just in front of the dwelling house on the lot known as the Miller or Nichols property, and about thirtyfive yards north of the spring. It was in this house where he kept the first tavern in the place, and where the officers first met and organized the county of Lincoln.

Woods* Fori. - This fort, of which mention is made elsewhere in this work, in connection with the War of 1812-15, consisted of a stockade made of strong oak timbers, set in the ground and extending perpendicularly a sufficient height above to afford protection from the Indians. In the stockade thus constructed, port-holes were made, through which the brave pioneers and soldiers could fire When attacked. The line of the stockade extended from a point near the southeast corner of the present spring park, being the corner of the brick building now standing on Lot 166 (according to the original plat of Troy), and extended up what is now Main Street to a point about fifteen feet south of the brick block owned by Mr. Buchanan and now occupied by T. W. Simonds with a grocery store ; thence westerly and parallel with the south wall of the said brick block to the Miller or Nichols property ; thence in a southerly direction, passing in front of the Methodist Church, and extending far enough to inclose Joseph Cottle's house; and thence in an easterly direction to the place of beginning. Thus it will be seen that the stockade inclosed the spring, the residence of Joseph Cottle, and the residence and tavern of Zadock Woods. Small block-houses stood on each corner of the stockade, and a larger one stood in the center of the inclosure near the spring.

Several cabins were built within the stockade for the occupancy of the early settlers who were compelled to take refuge therein during the war. This was the most extensive fort erected in the territory now included in Lincoln County. Capt. Callaway, Jonathan Biggs and a son of the famous Daniel Boone were among the officers stationed in this fort during the war, Capt. Callaway being mostly in command. Lieut. Zachariah Taylor (afterward President Taylor) was also in this fort with his command for a time during the war. At that time all that part of Troy west of the fort had been recently cleared and was under cultivation. While some worked in the fields others stood guard. " The boys would watch for the gates to be opened and would then slip out to get slippery-elm bark to appease the cravings of hunger.1' Quite frequently during the War of 1812-15 the settlers in this fort were in a continual state of siege. Farming was almost entirely abandoned, thus making provisions very scarce, and the inmates of the fort suffered much with hunger. These facts pertaining to the fort have been mostly obtained from John S.. Null, who was with his father's family in the fort.

After the war closed and the fort was no longer needed for protection, it was abandoned for that purpose, but some of the cabins continued to be occupied for some years thereafter. Walton Perkins, who published some reminiscences a few years ago said with reference to the time that he settled with his parents near Troy, in 1818, that "there were quite a number of cabins around the spring lot - mostly grog-shops. J. B. Bobbins was the only merchant and Zadock Woods kept hotel. People came here to mill from all parts of the county. Us boys were delighted at an opportunity to go to Mr. Cottle's mill. Often the patrons would give us a quarter to put our horse in and grind their grist - and a quarter was then considered no small amount of money."

In 1819 Woods' Fort was still standing, or at least portions of it, and Mr. Bobbins kept the only store in Troy. Opposite this store, across Main Street, was a blacksmith shop. At the December term of the circuit court, in 1819, Benjamin Cottle was licensed "to keep a tavern in the town of Troy for twelve int\. ii remained a rather insignificant trading point for Iho pioneer settlers, Saving seonred the count] sea! it then became i place of central importance to the peo pie of the county, bul oil account of its being bo Ear inland from thai greal line of transportation the Mississippi River it continued to grow slowly.

In L830 Troy contained two general stores, kepi respectively by .1. \. Bobbins (the first merchant of the place) and Mmaiiucl Block; two hatter's shops, kepi respectively by Perry (J. Burrows and B. G. Martin; two tailor shops, kept respectively by John s. Besser and Jordan S. Sallee; and two "dram-shops,11 -is they were called in those days, kept by Philander Powers and Thomas Park. Andrew Monroe, the noted and highly respected pioneer Methodist preacher, kept a hotel in the brick building on Main Street, at the southeast corner of the spring lot. There were also two blacksmith shops, kept by John Goodrich and William Howdeshell. Horace B. Wing, father of Frederick Wing, now living near Moscow, then owned and managed the tannery, which had been previously established on the spring branch, on the east side of the street, and nearly opposite the present Christian Church edifice. He also manufactured boots and shoes in connection with the tannery business, and did an extensive business in both lines. The hats then manufactured in Troy were peddled and sold to the southward, nearly down to the Arkansas line. The Bailey corn mill and distillery before mentioned were then managed by John B. Stone, but neither of them did much business, and were discontinued soon thereafter. The Presbyterians and Christians both had church organizations at that time, but no church buildings. They worshiped in the courthouse.

In 1840 Troy contained two general stores, kept, respectively, by Block Bros. (Emanuel and Eleazer) and Snethen & Wells. About this time, and some years later, Walton Perkins kept the hotel formerly kept by Bev. Andrew Monroe, and in 1848 or 1849 he engaged in mercantile business with Frederick Wihg. The town had grown a little during the decade of the thirties, so that there was some more business in it in 1840 than in 1830.

About this period (1840) all religious denominations in Troy worshiped in the courthouse, and all worshiped together. They were not so allied to sectarianism as they have been latterly. It is said that nearly as many people attended divine services in Troy at that time as at present. If this be true, the whole population, or nearly the whole, must have attended. There is no doubt that a larger percentage of the people attended divine services in the pioneer days than at present.

The following is a list of current prices at Troy in 1840: Pork, $2 per hundred ; milch cows, $6 to $8 ; horses, $30 to $50 ; butter, 6 cents per pound; corn, 1 "bit" per bushel; calico, 35 to 40 cents per yard; coffee, 30 cents per pound; axes, 25 cents; coarse boots, $5. An old citizen, who gave these prices through the medium of the Troy Herald some years ago, said that at that time " Troy contained five or six saloons, no city council, and only a piece of a jail." Troy then had a tri-weekly mail from St. Louis. It is also said that Troy had many pretty girls in those days. It has more now, and is noted for the beauty of its women.

The following facts pertaining to Troy in 1855 are taken from a copy of the Lincoln Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 31, of that year. The paper contained a notice of the public exercises of the Lincoln Academy, to be held at the Presbyterian Church, February 14 and 15, 1855. The faculty of the academy was then as follows: C. G. Jones, principal; Miss Sarah Kittredge, preceptress; Miss C. C. Adams, teacher of music; Sallie Bird, assistant preceptress; James E. Hutton, assistant teacher. The paper also contained the business cards of the following parties: Merchants, Britton, Woolfolk & Co., D. W. Smiley, Snethen & Wells and Kouns & Murray; lawyers, William Porter, J. L. Blannerhassett and W. H. Merriwether; physicians, Drs. Wells & Johnson, Dr. Shadburn and C. M. Edson. The paper also stated that the North Missouri Railroad (now the Wabash) was nearly finished from St. Louis to St. Charles.

The following is a list .of advertisements which appeared in a Troy newspaper in 1800: Troy Seminary, G. G. Jones, principal; Miss Mary J. Strong, preceptress; Miss Blanche Hughes, teacher of primary; Miss Emily M. Hudson, teacher of music; board of

:1 merchandise; Vanoe & Hawey, forwarding and commission merchants at Cap-au-Gris; M oritz & Love, cabinet shop; William M< >hr A ( Jo., carriage and wagon shop; Isaac Bpringston A William Crouch, carpenter, blacksmith and wagon shop; physicians, II. E. Jones, Douglas Morrison; dentist, A. E. Noel. It must not be inferred thai this constituted all the business of Troy in 1860, but that which was advertised only. Like nearly all other Missouri towns, the business of Troy was much depressed during the period of the Civil War. However, Troy was not destroyed, neither was it sacked by either of the contending armies. It recovered from the depressing effects of that period as soon as could be expected.

The following is a list of the business houses of Troy in 1873, as published in the Herald of July 9, of that year: Cake & Rogers' Tannery. This extensive manufactory had been established about forty years before, by Horace B.Wing, and was in 1873 the most extensive business in the town, and gave employment to the greatest number of men. In connection with it the proprietors had a large boot and shoe, saddle and harness manufactory. Few towns in the west could boast of better hotels. The Laclede was built in the summer of 1870 by Thornhill & Buswell, its proprietors, at a cost of from $8,000 to $10,000. In 1872 a large addition was erected, making it one of the most complete and convenient of modern hotels, a good bar and billiard room being in the basement story. The Planters' House, formerly a frame building, was replaced, early in the seventies, by its proprietor, J. F. Brown, with a large three-story brick. A bar was kept in the basement story, and the accommodations throughout were first class. Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank, Walton Perkins, president; J. R. Knox, vice-president; E. N. Bonfils, cashier; Parker, Crews & Co., with a large stock of merchandise in a commodious brick building. A very old house, the firm name of which had been frequently changed - Norton,

Harlan & Norton, in a large brick building on the east side of Main Street; Crump & Wing, with a fair stock of goods; Joseph Hart, with an immense stock in a large brick building on the east side of Main Street, and Walter S. Cooper. These houses under head of merchandise, kept a general stock of dry goods, groceries, etc. There were three stores which kept groceries principally, F. S. Sweeney, G. W. Mohr and M. T. Britton. The latter had a bakery connected with his establishment; J. P. Lynott, with one of the largest stores of hardware outside of the cities; Henry & Bro., with a large store and manufactory of boots and shoes; F. M. Brickey with a boot and shoe shop; Thomas W. Withrow, successor to his father in saddles, harness, trunks, etc., who established the business many years before in a little frame building; L. Wolfgram, with an extensive stock of jewelry and watches; Woolfolk & Co., and Dr. S. T. East, drugs; Miss S. J. Tentem and Mrs. M. Sadlacek, millinery; Mrs. Ogden and Mrs. Ward, dressmaking ; H. W. Kemper, a very large furniture store; F. W. Harbaum, wagon factory; William Swan, A. Kuhne and T. H. Stephens, blacksmith shops.

The following is a business directory of Troy, including the school and professions, on the 1st day of January, 1882: High and graded school, Prof. R. B. D. Simonson, principal; Miss Mary Buchanan, assistant principal; Mrs. W. S. Hutt, teacher of intermediate department; Miss Pinkie Woolfolk, second primary ; Mrs. Walter McKay, first primary ; Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank, Walton Perkins, president; H. W. Perkins, cashier; dry goods, W. L. Sturgeon, James A. Jackson, Charles M. Hamilton, Bragg Bros. & Co. and Joseph Hart; drugs, Dr. R. L. Robinson, J. J. and J. H. Alexander; hardware, Russell & Miller and E. N. Bonfils ; groceries, J. W. Pilcher, F. S. Pilcher, F. S. Sweeney, Mrs. Ida Hellriegel, George Mohr and John A. Trail; jewelry, Henry Havercamp; furniture and coffins, H. W. Kemper; wagon manufactory, F. W. Harbaum; saddles and harness, Thomas W. Withrow and M. Sadlacek; millinery, Mrs. M. Sadlacek, Mrs. J. S. Thornhill and Mrs. T. M. Stephens; tailor shops, George O. Brickey, John Sykora and Jordan S. Sallee; boot and shoe store, Henry & Brother; hotels, " Laclede," by O. F. Buswell, " Planters' House," by J. S.

Shannon, u College Street Boarding House," l>v Oapi William < ose; livery, Birkhead A Son, proprietors of the Laclede Liveri Stable, and Kabler a Kennedy, proprietors of Transfer Stable; lumber yards, Baxter Crawford and S. II. Wool folk; Troy Mills, William .M. Norton; blacksmith shops, Thomas M. Stephens, Augustus Kuhno and William Swann; meal markets, Avt-rv & Stratton and Capl William Coose; saloons, Ik. A.

Trail and John Worsham; cigar manufactory, J. J. Oheeley; barbers, I. W. Clark and Frank Wtdf; physicians, M. H. BfoFarland, D. W. Tice, A. H. Ohenowertli, James A. Ward, K. L. Robinson and T. N. Bragg; dentist, E. L. Sydnor; lawyers, H. H. Norton, Charles Martin, Nat. C. Dryden, A. V. MoK.ee, 0. H. Avery, G. T. Dunn, George W. Colbert, Howard S. Parker, Jeptlia Wells, James M. McLellan, Josiah Creech, R. D. Walton and J. B. Allen; ministers, Elder D. M. Grandfield, of the Christian Church, Rev. C. R. Dudley, Presbyterian, Rev. J. N. B. Helper, Methodist Episcopal South, Rev. C. W. Carter, colored Methodist, Rev. Benjamin Guthrie, colored Baptist; wool-carding, Lewis Vertrees ; ice and dairy, E. G. Hammond; brick-yard, Hammond & Krebs; newspapers, Herald, by W. T. Thurmond, and Free Press, by Ward & Childers.

The business of Troy, at the present writing, July, 1888, consists of the following: Dry goods and clothing, James A. Jackson; general merchandise, Joseph Hart; groceries, John E. Worsham, Augustus Kuhne, George W. Mohr, J. W. Ruenzi, F. W. Simonds, John W. Pilcher, F. S. Sweeney, George B. Kempf, Nicholas Ebert; drugs, Hutchison & Perkins, Dr. R. L. Robinson, Avery Bros. ; hardware, Stanza & Carter, W. R. Holmes, D. C. Russell & Son ; harness and saddles, Thomas W. Withrow, J. J. Hechler; millinery, Mrs. Mary Sedlacek, Miss Delia Cottle and Miss Emma Duey; furniture and coffins, H. W. Kemper; jewelry, Henry Havercamp; tailor-shops, John Sykora, M. Kaphan; cigar manufactory, Cheeley & Trail; hotel, Colbert Hotel, by Capt. William Colbert; restaurants, Fred. Meyer, Frank Wulf, Thomas U. Wright ; boots and shoes, Henry Bros. ; barber-shops, I. W. Clark, Frank Wulf; meat-shop, Robert Schuchmann; blacksmith and manufacturer of wagons, plows, etc., F. W. Harbaum; blacksmith-shops, A. B. Ellis, William H. Swann; trans- fer and feed stable, Kabler & Shumate; livery stable, Duff & Brown; Troy Flouring mills, Elias Norton; lumber-yards, Thomas M. Fisher, D. Duback & Co. ; grain dealers, Hart & Son, Jackson & Barley; dealer and shipper of live stock, Samuel W. Avery. In addition to the foregoing there are two parties who supply the town with ice, and two that supply it with milk. There are also several boarding-houses in the town.

The resident ministers are C. Van Oostenbrugge, of the Presbyterian Church, Dennis Grandfield and J. W. Bouvee, of the Christian Church, O. B. Holliday, of the Methodist Church South, and Max Schroedel, of the Evangelical Zion's Church; also J. W. Cravens and Henry Bragg, of the colored Methodist Church.

The Farmers' and Mechanics' Savings Bank of Troy was organized May 21, 1873, through the efforts of Walton Perkins, William Colbert, J. W. Welch, John R. Knox, F. C. Cake, E. N. Bonfils, John R. Britton, Judge C. W. Martin, W. M. Norton, M. R. Watts and Douglas Wyatt. At a meeting of the stockholders, the following officers were chosen: Walton Perkins, president; John R. Knox, vice-president ; E. N. Bonfils, cashier ; R. H. Norton, attorney. Directors - Walton Perkins, William Colbert, James W. Welch, J. R. Knox, F. C. Cake, E. N. Bonfils, John R. Britton, Charles W. Martin, W. M. Norton, M. R. Watts and Douglas Wyatt. On the death of Walton Perkins, in 1885, William Colbert was chosen president. After serving as cashier for a few months, E. N. Bonfils was succeeded by H. W. Perkins, son of the first president of the bank. The names of the present officers are as follows: William Colbert, president; Charles Martin, vice-president; H. T^. Perkins, cashier; R. H. Norton, attorney. Board of directors - William Colbert, Charles Martin, R. H. Norton, Elias Norton, J. W. Welch, J. M. McLellan and H. W. Perkins.

ing tli o fun rtoon years in whiob the present cashier has conducted the business of the bank, ool b dollar has lurn lost l>v it. This is a \«t;\ useful and aeeeasarj institution to the business interests of Linooln County.

Incorporation of Troy, At the November term, L825, of the county court. Troy was incorporated upon petition of its oiti sens, and Joseph Cottle, John Chandler, Elisha Perkins, Edward J. Peers and Thomas Dozier, were appointed trustees of the corporation. The corporate Limits were made to Include the original town should be incorporated under the name and style of " The Inhabitants of the Town of Troy," and to have all rights and privileges of the bodies politic and corporate, except the right to purchase and own burial grounds and cemeteries. The corporate limits were described as follows: " Beginning at the center of the public spring, thence due north, south, east and west, one thousand yards in each direction to points; thence to form a square upon said points, of two thousand yards upon each side thereof.'1 The court then appointed Charles W. Parker, Eugene N. BonhTs, William Frazier, John McDonald and James M. McLellan, a board of trustees for the town thus incorporated.

Afterward, on the 15th day of May, 1877, a petition signed by E. N. Bonfils, George W. Colbert, A. B. Ellis and 110 others, was presented to the Court, asking for the incorporation of the town of Troy, with the following metes and bounds : "Beginning at the center of the public spring in said town of Troy ; thence due north, south, east and west six hundred yards in each direction from said spring to points; thence to form a square upon said points of twelve hundred upon each side of said square." After considering this petition, the Court made the following entry upon the record of its proceedings: " And it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that two-thirds of the taxable inhabitants of said town have signed said petition, and that the prayer of the petitioners is reasonable, and that no tracts of land containing forty acres or more, which are needed exclusively for agricultural or grazing purposes, and which have not been laid out or platted as town property, are included within the proposed corporate limits, it is therefore considered, adjudged and decreed by the court that the said inhabitants within the metes and bounds aforesaid, shall be a body corporate and politic, by the name and style of 'The Inhabitants of the Town of Troy,' and by that name they and their successors shall be known in law, have perpetual succession unless disincorporated, sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, defend and be defended in all courts, and in all actions, pleas and matters whatever; may grant, purchase, hold and receive property, real and personal, within said town, and burial grounds and cemeteries outside of said town, and may lease, sell and dispose of the same for the benefit of the town, and may have a common seal, and make, break and alter the same at pleasure, and in general may have and enjoy all and singular, the rights and provisions specified and contained in an act of the General Assembly approved March 30, 1874, and Chapter 41, general statutes of Missouri, 1865. And it further appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that the number of inhabitants of said town of Troy is less than 2,500, the Court doth thereupon appoint George W. Colbert, Oscar T. Buswell, Charles Martin, Jr., W. W. Birkhead and John M. Ellis, a board of trustees in and for the incorporation of the town of Troy.

In 1881 Troy was incorporated as a city of the fourth class and some changes in the boundary lines were made so as to exclude certain farming lands from within the corporate limits. The change in the boundary line of the city was proposed in July, 1881, and afterward submitted to a vote of the electors, who were almost unanimously in favor of making the change. The present officers of the city of Troy are George W. Colbert, mayor; H. F. Childers, clerk; Preston Creech, marshal; Jesse Swinney, collector; J. A. Jackson, treasurer. Board of aldermen, J. R. Witt, D. C. Russell, K A. Trail and W. H. Hutchison.

Societies. - Troy Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., was chartered October 7, 1841, and is consequently the oldest lodge in Troy. The first meeting under the charter was held October 13, 1841, ut which time Brothers Thomas << Unit, K. II. Wbolfolfe and James M. Zimmerman nrere appointed b committor to make arrangements for the installation of the offioers. Emanuel Block wbb appointed a committee on music, and E, J, Peers wbb appointed marshal Cor the occasion Tin* installation took place at the courthouse 011 the 3d day of November following, when the tirst offioers were installed as follows: Francis Parker, \V. M. ; Eleazer Block, 8. W.\ E. J. Peers, J. W . ; Emanuel Block, Treas. ; J. P. Puller, Se^y; William Porter, S. D. ; J. Davis, J. J).; L. Robinson, Tyler. There were twenty-three members of the lodge, ami thirteen visiting brothers present, and a Large number of ladies and gentlemen in attendance at the installation services. Prominent among those present were James H. Britton, Philander Draper, A. H. Martin, A. S. Buchanan, Col. Thomas G. Hutt and John W. Sydnor. Of the original members of the lodge A. S. Buchanan, James H. Britton, J. W. Sydnor and Col. Thomas G. Hutt are the only ones now living. Philander Draper was the first man made a Mason under the charter of this lodge. Many of the most prominent men of Lincoln County were initiated and became members of the Masonic fraternity in this lodge. Many, after becoming members, moved away and were demitted, and others have departed to join the lodge of the Grand Master of the Universe. The membership of the lodge at present is about forty-five, and the officers are Jesse J. Shaw, W. M. ; R. H. Norton, S. W. ; John E. Richards, J. W. ; J. A. Jackson, Treas.; T. H. Harris, Secy. ; George W. Colbert, S. D. ; G. T. Dunn, J. D. ; and D. C. Russell, Tyler.

The walls of the Masonic Hall building were erected about the year 1837, by Col. David Bailey, and the building stood in an unfinished condition until 1851 or 1852, and was then sold to the trustees of the Universalist Church, and the trustees of the Masonic lodge. These societies finished the building and owned it in partnership; the Masons occupying the upper story and the church the lower. Some time between 1855 and 1860 the church became disorganized, and then followed some trouble about the ownership of the building, and about the payment of the taxes thereon. Finally the property was sold for taxes, the Masonic lodge becoming the purchaser. The building is now a sub- stantial two-story brick structure, and the lower story is used as a store-room. It stands at the east side of Main Street, on Lot 114, original plat of Troy. Prior to the completion of this building the lodge held its meetings in the courthouse. The money for the purchase of the building in its unfinished state was raised by subscription, some parties contributing on behalf of the church, some on the part of the lodge, and some for both.

Troy Royal Arch Chapter No. 85, was chartered October 7, 1875, just thirty-four years to the day after Troy Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., was chartered. The dispensation, however, had been granted on the 13th day of the previous March. The first principal officers were J. J. McElwee, High Priest; Marcus H. McFarland, King ; J. P. Blanton, Scribe. The chapter has about thirty -five members at this writing, and the officers are Thomas H. Harris, High Priest; J. M. Wilson, King; W. A. Woodson, Scribe; George W. Colbert, Captain of Host; J. H. Alexander, P. S. ; J. J. Shaw, It. A. C. The chapter, by paying half of the expense of repairs, is entitled to the use of the Masonic hall, where it holds its meetings.

Troy Lodge No. 68, I. O. O. P., was instituted in 1853, upon the application to the Grand Lodge of the State, made by Gen. John B. Henderson and four other members of Louisiana Lodge No. 28. The first meeting of Troy Lodge was held November 14, 1853. John-W. Sydnor was the first Noble Grand, and S. R. Woolfolk first Secretary. After this lodge was fully in working order and a fair membership was secured, an exodus of its members to California took place, whereby it became so reduced in numbers that it was compelled to suspend operations, the date of its last meeting being December 29, 1857. The Noble Grand at that time was A. Y. McKee, and the Secretary, Lewis C. Wright. The latter was the Noble Grand-elect, but was not installed on account of the suspension of the lodge. Troy Lodge No. 68, of this order, was reinstated upon the petition of Lewis C. Wright, A. Y. McKee, Dr. James A. Ward, Thomas M. Carter and Samuel Shirkey, and a new charter was granted, bearing date of June 10, 1873. The lodge was reorganized by J. W. Pilcher P. G. of Lodge No. 5 in St. Louis. The present officers of Troy Lodge are John D. Carter, N. G. ; William A. Jackson, Y. G. ;

B P. Boulton, Secretary; Samuel E2. BLribs, Permanent Seoretary, and Lewis 0. Wright, Treasurer, The present membership of the lodge is f"]i\ ii\c. The} rent hall, inhere thei meet, in the seoond Btorj of the With row Building. The Lodge is out of debt, and has money oul on interest

Maj. A. Bartlett Post No. 289, Grand Army of the Republic, was chartered October 13, 1886, with the following charter members, viz. : John W. Moore, J. W. East, L. Carter, J. Altman, M. Dalton, William Colbert, L. B. Sitton, F. A. Colbert, N. Dunard, J. J. Mallan, D. H. Cannon, James Murphy, W. B. Seay, J. W. Hunter, P. Herbel, L. Howell, F. Wirshing, W. P. Gladson, Joe Page, W. J. Cook, F. M. Howell and F. M. Campbell. At this writing the post has forty members.

This order has no parallel. It is composed of men who lived at a certain time, were soldiers of a certain army, and who have been honorably discharged therefrom. As a class the survivors of that army are on the downhill side of life, rapidly approaching the end of the journey; consequently the society cannot be perpetuated like those that have existed for ages, and their memberships passed away with the succeeding generations, and whose future members are yet unborn. The G. A. R. must pass away entire; it cannot long survive the present century. Those young men who, at the age of twenty-one, entered the army when first organized to put down the Rebellion, will, at the close of this century, if living, be sixty years of age, while the average age of soldiers, who will then survive, will be between sixty-five and seventy years. Thus it is demonstrated that the G. A. R. cannot long survive the present century.

The Temperance Benevolent Association, located in Troy, Lincoln County, was incorporated on the 27th day of September, 1884. The incorporators were Joseph B. Allen, Thomas H. Harris and A. H. Chenoweth, all residents of Troy. The object of this association is to promote the cause of temperance by restricting and prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors, and to provide for its members in case of death or disability, upon the cheapest and most equitable plan of assessments, where the temperate take no part of the risk of the intemperate. These objects are proposed to be obtained by organizing State associations and local aid societies, which by moral and instructive lectures, and by teaching the principles of the association, to promote the moral and social advancement of the members, and encourage them in the performance of the duties of good citizenship, and which will enable them to secure, by organized efforts, the fullest and most preferable considerations for themselves and their interest at the hands of the public generally.

To further promote, incidentally, benevolence and charity, by establishing a charity fund for the temporary relief of indigent or suffering members and their families, and to provide for the aid and relief of the families, widows or orphans, or other dependents of their deceased members, and for assisting such of its members as may be sick or disabled, from the proceeds of assessments as authorized and provided by law.

Mr. Allen, one of the incorporators, devised and formulated the plan, with the view of blending a contract of a pecuniary and moral character, so as to make it to the financial interest of all who anite writh the association to comply with the rules, and not to violate their pledge and agreements. His experience in the temperance work had taught him thai men would readily agree to be temperate, bui were easily Led to violate the agreement, but if be wis stimulated to keep the vows he had made by a valuable consideration, thai he would be less liable to break them. This it is proposed to accomplish by issuing certificates of "benefits," wherein i1 is agreed they are to become void if the holders are found to use intoxicants as a beverage or to sign a petition for the sale of the same.

The association has made considerable progress, and found favor with the temperance workers of the State. It lias been enabled to meet all its obligations, and has the advantage in pushing its work, in that it does not force its workers to pass the hat tor means to pay expenses, its beneficiary department having an income sufficient to pay all expenses incurred in the prosecution of its work. The beneficiary department is managed by a board of trustees, consisting of a president, vice-president, secretary and treasurer. The president, secretary and treasurer are elected once in three years. The vice-president is the president of the State Association, elected annually by the State conventions. The constitution provides that all presidents of State Associations, when organized, are to become ex-officio members of the board of trustees. The State conventions, to be composed of delegates sent from the local societies, have the power to appoint committees to examine the books and records of the beneficiary department, and make a report of their condition to the members of the convention. The first convention was held in Troy, Mo., November 17, 1886, at which time W. A. Monroe, of Memphis, Mo., was elected president, and D. M. Grandfield, of Troy, Mo., vice-president; Joseph J. Brown, of Monroe City, secretary; C. E. Cummings, of Canton, Mo., treasurer; Thomas H. Harris, of Trov, Mo., assistant treasurer, and George H. Adams, of Piedmont, Mo., chaplain. A State constitution, and constitution and by-laws for local societies, were formulated and adopted.

The Secretary of the board of trustees reported $5,806.19 as collected and disbursed to date, and total membership 4,000. The incorporators of this association, like all various benevolent associations of the State, deemed their plan of issuing certificates of benefits to be within the purview of the law of the State of Missouri, and it was so considered by the court that issued the decree of incorporation, but the commissioner of insurance claimed that their work was a violation of the insurance laws of the State, and brought suit against this association and several others. The Legislature passed a law in 1887 that was so framed that all benevolent asssociations could comply with its requirements. This association immediately arranged their plan so that it would, in every respect, conform to this new law, and thereby, as far as they were concerned, stopped the controversy. They now have a guaranty deposit, as required by law, in interest-bearing bonds, deposited with the commissioner of insurance.

The association makes annual reports to the department, and is licensed to do a life insurance business. Dr. A. H. Chenoweth, the treasurer and medical director, died November 28, 1887. [See biography elsewhere in this work.] His death created a vacancy in the board of trustees, and left them without a medical adviser. Ben. R Reed, clerk of the circuit court of Lincoln County, was elected treasurer, and Dr. James A. Ward,, medical director. Biographical sketches of these gentlemen aregiven elsewhere in this work.

The association has made considerable progress since it arranged to conform its business to the insurance laws of the State. There is no longer any doubt about its hav~ ing authority to do business, and that the business is done under the supervision of the insurance department of the State, which gives assurance that it must be conducted in a fair, as well as lawful manner, and that all moneys collected must beapplied to the objects for which it is collected. Dr. W. A. Monroe, the president of the State Association, moved to Washington. Territory in 1887, at which time he resigned as the president of the association. Mr. D. M. Grandfield, the vice-president, hae acted as president, and is a member of the board of trustees. In 1886 Dr. John A. Brooks, president of the Temperance Benefit Union of Kansas City, made application to officers of the Temperance Benevolent Association for membership for members of the Temperance Benefit Union. It was agreed to admit all who of the off< i The business of life insuranoe is fcrai acted largely through 1 1 1 « - mails, which adds largely to thf* in com e of tlif postoffice department, and tin- business <>f this association, and of the Triple Alliance, also located in Troy, lias made the postoffice at Troi a presidential office. The printing is also quite an item, and the amount of work furnished the U> printers is considerable, as all this work is done at home.

Casualties. Like all other towns, Troy lias had its usual amount of casualties, the destruction of property by fire, etc., hut during the last yearii has suffered an extraordinary amount of loss from conflagrations. In January, 1876, an out-house belonging to William Worrick, in the southern part of town, and in which Aunt Minnie Cottle, colored, the oldest person in the county, was sleeping, was consumed by fire. All that was left of the body of the unfortunate woman was a few charred bones. Her age was not definitely known, but was not far from one hundred years. On the 8th day of December, 1885, before daylight, the large three-story frame building, with a basement story under it. the whole containing twenty-two rooms, owned and used at the time by Mrs. Hutt as a boarding-house, was consumed by fire. This house stood on College Street, near the schoolhouse. It was erected in 1867, at a cost of $8,000. At the time of its burning it was insured for $4,000, and the furniture within for $2,000. The boarders lost some property on which there was no insurance.

Troy has suffered great loss by fire within the last year. On September 1, 1887, the Jackson property, consisting of a wooden building, with two business fronts and a dwelling in the rear, located on the west side of Main Street, was consumed by fire. The loss on the building was about $2,500, and the insurance thereon was $1,250. The loss on Holmes' hardware stock in one of the rooms was $2,500, on which there was $1,200 of insurance. The loss of a millinery stock in the other business room was about $200, which was fully insured. The loss of the household goods of Mrs. Brickey, who occupied the dwelling, was total, there being no insurance.

down in February, 1888. The loss of property was about 000, and the insurance thereon was about $9,000. It stood on the east side of Main Street, opposite the Colbert Hotel.

Tom C. Thornhill, George Jackson, Vilray Tice and John Ellis were awakened about half past two o'clock Sunday morning, in the front room over T. C. Thornhill & Co.'s, by a dense smoke that came up from the rear of the lower story. They at once began a hasty exit by way of the front windows and the awning to the street. On examination they found the flames had made considerable headway in the rear of the lower story, and the whole store was too full of smoke and heat to make it possible for them to save anything. The alarm was given by shouting fire, discharging firearms and ringing bells. At once a large company gathered, but too late to do more than turn their attention to the work of saving the adjacent buildings. The brick store of Joseph Hart, across the street north, was not in immediate danger, but the frame building of F. S. Sweeney was only about twenty feet away, and without great effort would be ignited by the immense heat. Several dozen buckets were obtained from George Pratt's store, and a brigade began carrying water from the city reservoir in the park. The roof and the north side of Mr. Sweeney's house were kept wet until the flames had consumed the Thornhill house.

The firm of T. C. Thornhill & Co. lost their entire stock of goods and all their store fixtures, amounting to about $11,000, and bearing insurance as follows: In the North American Insurance Company $2,000, and $1,500 in the Phoenix, of London, for which companies O. H. Avery is agent, and $4,000 in companies represented by Josiah Creech. The building was a total loss. It was owned by A. E. and H. W. Bryant, of Hebron, Ind., and insured with O. H. Avery for $2,300.

The firm of T. C. Thornhill & Co., started in business this spring, and by square dealing and low prices had built up an excellent trade. The Free Press is glad to say that the probabilities are the same men will put a new stock of goods into another house and resume their business here at no distant day.

When oholera visited this countri in L840, thejre '--w deaths from n in and aboul TroVi }>ut they were isolated thai bu1 little alarm was created. In the latter pari of June, 1 N < ->. the alarm was sounded thai cholera was approaching. The council met and appointed a Ban i tar y committee, consisting of James 1). Brown, George W. Oolberl and John McDonald, and ordered the town marshal t<> notify all maintainers of nuisances to abate them at once. The Troi Herald, in its issue and on Monday, July 7, three deaths occurred. The exodus of the population then began in earnest, and in a very short time half tin4 people had left the town. The mortality was unchecked, and during that week eight deaths occurred. On the 15th of July the sanitary committee reported as follows:

" First. That the town has been thoroughly cleansed and disinfected, and that they have caused to be burned upon the streets 200 bushels of stove coal, besides a large amount of wood. They also desire to state that the citizens generally have responded to the orders of the committee in cleaning and disinfecting their premises.

" Second. That there has been thirteen deaths from cholera in the past fifteen days; no deaths within the last four days, and no new cases to report.

After the date of this report only one death occurred from the fatal disease within the corporate limits. On the 23d of July the sanitary committee made their final report, as follows:

"The town has been thoroughly cleansed of all filth and nuisances, ami the general health is letter al present than nsnal for this season. There have been fifteen deaths in the town limits, and five in the near vicinity, from cholera. The committee apprehends no further danger, and is satisfied that those who have fled to the country can return in safety. Many have already

The first death that occurred in the town on this occasion, from cholera, was that of a negro, and the second was that of Samuel Shirkey, the first white man that died. Among others who fell victims to the fatal scourge were Mrs. Mary A. Martin, Miss Josephine Martin, Cyrenius Lay, Mrs. William Frazier, Miss Fannie Carter, a child of Mrs. Arcelia Frazier, a Mr. Rogers, Mrs. Joseph Hart and two children, Mrs. Thomas Sydnor and Mrs. C. Graff.

The Press. - The first newspaper printed and published in Lincoln County was the Troy Gazette, established by Ellis & Edrington, in July, 1854. It was the official paper of this, Warren and Montgomery Counties. The first editor was Judge E. N. Bonfils, who was succeeded, after a few weeks' service, by Henry B. Ellis, one of the proprietors. The first number of the second volume appeared with Maj. George W. Huston as editor. In a short time he was succeeded by Mr. Ellis, who again took charge of the editorial department. In January following Ellis & Edrington sold the paper to A. V. McKee and H. W. Perkins. In March following Mr. Perkins sold his interest to Henry A. Bragg, and Mr. McKee continued, as he had been, the editor. June 13, 1856, they changed the name of the paper to the State Rights Advocate, and April 16, 1857, sold it to Edmund J. Ellis, by whom it was conducted two or three years. During the presidential campaign of 1860 he published the Tribune and Henry B. Ellis the Independent. During most of the war period there was no regular paper published in the county.

mnty Herald, Theodore 1> Fisher bought a balf-inter- ; Ma\ 31, L867, and the next year the remaining half. Dr. Joseph A M add established the Troy Dispatch, April 8, L871. The two papers irere consolidated June 1 1, L873, under the name of the Troy Herald, William T, Thurmond, the present proprietor of the Herald\ porohased Dr. Aiudd'e inton-st December 13, L876, and Mr. Fisher's Interest October 23, L878, and has continued to publish the paper ever since he became its sole proprietor. The Troy "Free Press was established in July, 1878, by

W. J, niulJ. A. Knott. Early in 1881, the latter Hold his interest to 0. H. Ward, and in the fall of that year, the former sold his interest to H. P. Guilders, who a few months later purchased the interest of Mr. Ward, and became sole proprietor, and sold out entire to George S. Townsend, on January 1, 1888. The News was established August 28, 1885, by J. A. Knott and H. M. Cornick. In 1887 Mr. Cornick purchased his partner's interest, and in November of the same year he sold a half interest to K. P. Boulton. On the 3d of February, 1888, the News was consolidated with the Free Press, Mr. Cornick retiring from the business. The Free Press has since been published by Boulton & Townsend, its present proprietors. The Herald and Free Press are both good county papers, each having a large circulation, and both advocate Democratic principles.

Troy Schools. - On the 8th day of May, 1837, George Collier, of St. Louis, sold and conveyed for the consideration of $1, to Richard H. Woolfolk, David Bailey, Emanuel Block, Horace B. Wing, Valentine J. Peers, Cary K. Duncan and Francis Parker, trustees of Lincoln Academy, Lots 338, 339, 348 and 349, in Collier's addition to Troy, for the express purpose of having an academy erected and maintained thereon. The Lincoln Academy existed for a number of years, and was generally under the supervision of able instructors. The property was sold to C. G. Jones, who, in 1856, erected the present school-building on the old academy grounds. It is a large three-story brick structure, with three rooms and a hall and stairway on the first floor, four schoolrooms on the second floor, and one large room on the third floor. Mr. Jones opened a private school in his new building, had able assistants, and for a series of years following taught an excellent school. In 1807 he conveyed the property to the trustees of the Troy Christian Institute, by which body a school was opened and conducted for a few years. On the 4th day of March, 1874, the property was conveyed to the board of education for School District No. 4, in School Township No. 13, it being the Troy Public School District, and since that time it has been used for the public school.

The teachers employed for the school year of 1888-89 are G. A. Y. Reeds, principal Mrs. C. S. McKee, Miss Lizzie Hutt, Miss Ella Garrett, Miss Willie Goose and Miss Carrie Alloway. The school commences in September and continues eight months. It is thoroughly graded, and the higher branches, making it equivalent to an academy, are taught. In another part of the town is the colored district school, and the teachers employed for the ensuing year are George T. Neal, principal, and J. W. Cravens, assistant. The Troy school board consists of Josiah Creech, president, George W. Colvert, Levi J. Garrett and W. A. Jackson, the latter being secretary. Pupils from abroad are charged from $2 to $3 tuition per month, but such pupils are not solicited, as there are pupils enough in the district to occupy the rooms, and to constitute a good school.

Truxton is situated in the southwest corner of Lincoln County, one mile from the Montgomery line, and three-fourths of a mile from the Warren County line, being on Section 22, Township 49 north, Range 3 west. It is very pleasantly located on an elevated plateau just in the northern edge of the prairie. The view of the surrounding country, except to the northward, is splendid. The lands in the vicinity are rich and productive, and well adapted to the raising of nearly all kinds of grain, grass and live stock. Robert B. Alleu, the founder of Truxton, was born in Virginia, October 6, 1808. He settled in Lincoln County in 1840, and three years later built the first house in Truxton. In June, 1852, he procured the services of James Reid, the county surveyor, and with his assistance laid out and platted the town of Truxton; and two years later he platted an addition thereto. Mr. Allen became a permanent resident of the village, and lived there until bis death, in L875. Be wbb pr< minently identified with the place, tin* church and Bchools, and hie exoelleni wife assisted in all his good works, The tallage was named in honor of Gapt. Truxton, a aoted naval officer in the Revolutionary War. A partial historj of this officer can be found on pages 326 27, of Quackenbos1 Historj of the United states. | Rev. J. 1>. Allen, of Troy, a large and well-regulated seminary of Learning, with an able corps of teachers, and it was well patronized. In 1800 F. T. Williams was principal, W. Cunningham, assistant, and Miss M. C. Williams, teacher of the primary department. The school was closed during the war, and has never since been opened. The old building is still standing. The school of Truxton is now managed in another building erected for the purpose, under the village act for organizing schools in connection with the free school system. Truxton being situated as it is, in a good agricultural country, has always been a place of considerable trade. Its business at present consists of the following: General stores, Jarot Ingram & Son, Thomas Aydelott & Sons, H. L. Boss and William Hoech. Aydelott & Sons established their business in September^ 1880; Boss established his business in 1885, and William Hoech in 1881. Mr. Ingram established his business about sixteen years ago.

Besides the above Truxton has a livery and hack line to Jonesburg, run by H. S. Owens ; hotel and livery, Henderson Branstetter; blacksmiths, Lansche & Korth; carpenter, wagon-maker and blacksmith, J. H. Hoech ; millinery and dressmaking, Mrs. Bettie Pennington, Mrs. Annie Holder and Miss Sallie Branstetter; harness, saddles, boots and shoes, D. K. Jennings and Ed. Temmer ; boots and shoes, B. F. Jennings; grist mill and saw mill, Joseph Holder. In addition Crockett & Bitter run a hack and carry the mail to and from Jonesburg. The physicians are Benjamin Perkins, G. B. Spreckelmeyer and - Martinek. Dr. Spreckelmeyer also keeps a small drug store. William S. Pennington is a notary public and justice of the peace. The grist mill of Joseph Holder is one of the oldest mills standing in the county. The merchants of Truxton purchase a vast amount of light produce, such as poultry, eggs and butter, of which all is hauled to the Wabash Railroad for shipment. The poultry is said to pay a larger per cent on investment than any other product of the vicinity. Many of the families buy all their goods at the stores with poultry, eggs and butter. Formerly there was a commodious church edifice at Truxton, but there are none at present. The following denominations: Methodist Episcopal, Missionary and Regular Baptist, and Christian, hold services alternately at the schoolhouse.

Societies. - Levi F. Pennington Post No. 347, Grand Army of the Republic, was chartered August 1, 1878. Mr. Pennington, after whom the post was named, was a private in Company A, Forty-ninth Regiment, Missouri Infantry Volunteers. He died from disease during the war. The charter members of this post were Benjamin Perkins, Reuben W. Colbert, W. S. Pennington, Fred. Hoekried, Fred. Dedert, H. C. Pennington, Benj. F. Jennings, J. W. Delventhal, James S. Strather and William N. Morris. At present writing the three principal officers are J. W. Delventhal, C. ; Joseph Goodwin, S. V. C, and William N. Morris, J. Y. C. The post contains fifteen survivors of the Union army.

About three miles east of Truxton, on the Troy road, are the extensive mills known as the Dutch Mills, consisting of a grist and saw mill combined, and owned by Koelling, Pettig & Co. These mills are located in the beautiful valley of Camp Creek, and are large and expensive in structure. They are run by steam power.

Winfield is situated on the St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern Railroad, forty-eight miles from the city of St. Louis. The business portion and some of the residences of the town lie on a level plateau at the foot of the bluffs, on the western side of the Mississippi bottoms, while the finest residences are located on the bluffs nearly 100 feet higher. From these bluffs a grand view of the valley, and of the towering heights and rounded hills on the Illinois side of the great river, is obtained. The town was surveyed and platted in October, 1879. John Wise, the first merchant in Winfield, began business in general merchandising a stock of furniture and a supply of lumber. Aiioiii L885 Col. Parker quil business and I * * r i tin* place. Lfter these business houses had been established, the large frame flouring mill, with a Btone engine house attached, was erected in 1883, by a joint stock company known as the Winfield Milling Company, with a capital stock of $10,000. For several years after this mill was erected it did a good business, and a Large quantity of Hour and meal was shipped both north and south from it, but not baying

Buspend operations when that method of making Hour came Into genera] use. There is prospect, however, that the roller apparatus will be put in and the mill again put into operation. About the year 1884 the Story Bros, opened a drug store in Win field. They were succeeded by Hewitt <fc Son, who were burned out by the destructive fires in the winter of 1884-8o. They soon rebuilt and continued their business. After this drug store was established, DePue & Thomasson opened a general store. Soon thereafter they took in as a partner D. T. Killam, and the firm then became DePue, Thomasson & Co. Some time after this house was established, Birkhead Bros, opened a grocery store. They soon sold out to Birkhead & Argent, they to Magruder & Bro., who were victims of the fire and did not afterward resume business. Next in order after DePue, Thomasson & Co. came W. A. Woodson & Co., who opened a general store and also handled farm implements.

In addition to the foregoing there were, in 1885, the following business houses: Hardware, T. D. Hardesty; saddles and harness, John Kumbera; millinery and dressmaking, Mesdames Neville, Thompson and Steele; hotel, C. W. Ricks; saloons, Patrick Hyland and Guion & Archer; livery, Guion & Archer; barber, C. N. Forbush; restaurant, same; wagon-maker, H. J. Muth. The following is a directory of the business of Winfield at the present writing (1888): General stores, A. C. De Pue and C. H. Stephenson ; drug store, F. Hewitt & Bro. ; drugs and groceries, T. B. Martin; farm implements, F. W. Bohland; blacksmith and wagon-maker, H. Schierbaum and H. J. Muth ; dealer in grain, D. F. Killam, who has a grain-elevater attached to the flouring mill; dealer in live stock, John W. Thompson; hardware, F. D. Hardesty; millinery, Mrs. M. F. Nevelle; furniture and lumber, B. Crawford; restaurant, Mrs. Fannie Sanders; farm implements, Gus. Thomasson; hotel, Mrs. Mary Cook; physicians, R. H. Talbott and D. E. Hewitt. The town also contains two church edifices, Missionary Baptist and Methodist Episcopal South; also a frame schoolhouse containing three rooms. Winfield was incorporated February 14, 1882, under the corporate name of "The Inhabitants of the Town of Winfield." Its first board of trustees were F. D. Hardesty, A. C. De Pue, B. Crawford, D. T. Killam and J. A. Mudd. The town has a population of nearly 300. It is a prosperous village, and will continue to grow as the country improves.

A few years ago a party of St. Louis gentlemen constructed a commodious club-house on the margin of King's Lake, near Winfield. It has become famous as a summer resort for the city gentry and their families. Boat-riding and fishing are the principal sports indulged in.

Whiteside

Whiteside, named after its proprietor, William Whiteside, is a village on the St. Louis & Keokuk (Short Line) Railroad, situated in the central part of Township 51 north, Range 1 west, and about fourteen miles on a direct line from Troy. When the railroad was completed, in 1882, Mr. Whiteside, in order to secure the erection of a depot on his farm, donated to the railroad company one-half of six acres of land for a town site, and a judgment in his favor for $500, and also built the depot. The company accepted the donation, and laid out the town. The first houses in the town were erected by Dayton Moxley and Benjamin Miles. These were frame dwTelling-houses. The first merchants were Dayton Moxley and W. Hull, under the firm name of Moxley & Hull, who kept a grocery. The first general store was opened by Moxley & Bainbridge. When the postoffice was established, Dayton Moxley was made postmaster, and continues to hold the office. The Missionary Baptists have just completed a frame church 35x48 feet in size. The following is a directory of the present business of the tillage: General Btores, Luck Bros, and Pogue & Bkfoxlei . hardware, furniture and undertaking g< I . - Magruder; drags, Dr. A. \Y. Slaughter; blaok-

Bmi thing, Henr\ Elliott; boarding-house, William Parks. Dr. Slaughter is the practicing physician. The village contains from eighty to a hundred inhabitants. It is situated in a good acrricultural region, and. consequently, will always boa good shipping point, its growth keeping pace with the development of the country. Miss Kinma Keightley taught the first school in

Fairview postoffice has recently been taken up, and there being so many in the county, it is probable that a few more of the country offices, not on the line of the railroads, may be discontinued. Those at the stations on the railroads, and in the larger villages, will remain permanent, but the postmasters usually change with every change of administration ; some of them, however, are retained through several presidential administrations, irrespective of their political preferences.