Polk Township (part 1 of 4)

Polk Township

This township was settled as early as 1825 - probably somewhat earlier. The statements as to who were the first settlers and when, and exactly where the settlement was made, are conflicting.

It is certain, however, that in 1825 John Fields, from Kentucky, settled on section eleven, township fifty-four, of range twenty-nine. He was followed in 1830 by Samuel K. McGee, from Tennessee, and in 1834 by John Taylor, from Virginia. Taylor settled on section three of the last mentioned township.

J. Allen, Archibald Moss, W. H. Moss and Randolph McDonald, from Kentucky; Milton Piercey, Robert G. Murray, John Halstead, Josiah Patton, Henry S. Patton, Solomon Wilson, (a wine-maker and great hunter), James Rippey, Joshua Albright, (gun-smith), John A. Cooper, Henry Wilson and Whidby Wilson, from North Carolina; William Cox, John Cox, Jesse Mann, John Connard and A. B. Arnote, from Tennessee ; J. Whitsett, Benjamin McClain, (Guilford county, North Carolina); D. G. Stockwell, Stephen Goddard, William Stockard^William Sharpe and A. W. Boon.

Drs. John C. Tiffin, Randolph McDonald and John Watson, the latter from Kentucky, practiced their profession in Polk township many years ago.

The first school was taught in section two, township fifty-four, range twenty-nine, by one Henry Davis. The school was composed of fifteen pupils, and the teacher's salary was fifteen dollars per month. Mr. Davis is not now among the living; he died at Kingston, Missouri.

The first school house was the one in which Davis taught the first school, and was built by Randolph McDonald, John Taylor and Archibald Moss, at no greater cost than their labor.

Another school was taught about the same time on section eighteen, township fifty-four, range twenty-nine, by a widow, named Beckworth, now living in Clinton county.

The first settlers in Polk township entered their land with money obtained from the sale of beeswax, made of wild honey. Salt was obtained at Goose creek salt works, about one hundred miles south; and

County Officers

A list of the county officers of Ray county, from the meeting of the first circuit court, February 19, 1821, to the present - April 1, 1881:

By act of the general assembly, passed January 7, 1825, the office of the county court in the various counties was vacated, and the powers of said office vested in the several justices of the peace. The justices were required to meet at the count v seat and organize the court on the first Monday in March after the passage of the act. In the event they failed to do so, however, the clerk of the county court was authorized to name the justices who should act as a county court for a term of one year.

as the law directed, on the first Monday in March, 1825, Jonathan T. Burch, the clerk, in April of that year, appointed, as a county court, the persons whose names are represented in the list from William P. Thompson to James Stanley, inclusive. William B. Martin, John McGaugh and Sebourn J. Miller, were appointed in September to fill vacancies caused by resignation of the first three as given in the list, commencing with Thompson.

At the February term, 1862, C. W. Naramore and L. H. Magill, who, with Wm. A. Carroll, were elected in August 1860, presented new commissions, from Gov. Gamble, with the oath of loyalty endorsed thereon, duly sworn to and certified by Robert Crenshaw, a justice of the peace for Ray county.

The oath of loyalty was taken in obedience to an ordinance of a state convention held at St. Louis October JO to 18, 1861. Carroll failed or refused to take the oath; hence he was not recommissioned, and his connection with the county court ceased.

By act of the general assembly, approved March 14, 1874, entitled an act to reorganize the county court of Ray county, Missouri, and to reduce the number of justices of said court to one, to make the justice thereof judge of the probate court, and declare his jurisdiction, - it was provided that from and after the first day of January, A. D. 1875, the county court of Ray county should be composed of one justice, to hold his office for the terms of four years, and to have the same powers and discharge the same duties required of the justices of the county court.

At the general election in November, 1874, Charles J. Hughes was elected sole judge of the county court, and entered upon the duties of his office the following January.

"The county court shall be composed of three members, to be styled the judges of the county court, and each county shall be districted by the county court thereof into two districts, on or before the first day of April, 1878, of contiguous territory, as nearly equal in population as practicable, without dividing municipal townships.

"At the general election in the year 1878, and every two years thereafter, the qualified electors of each of said districts shall elect and be entitled to one of the judges of the county court, who shall hold their offices for the term of two years, and until their successors are duly elected and qualified; and at said election, and every four years thereafter, the other judge of said court shall be elected by the qualified electors of the county at large, who shall be president of the court, and shall hold his office for the term of four years, and until his successor is duly elected and qualified: Provided, That the judges of the county court, elected under the provisions of this chapter, shall enter upon the discharge of their duties on the first day of January next after they shall have been elected and qualified, according to law."

County Clerks

The first four persons whose names are given in the above list discharged the duties of both circuit and county clerk at the same time, and were appointed by the county and circuit courts. The rest were elected by the people.

In obedience to the provisions of an ordinance adopted by the Missouri state convention, at St. Louis, October 16,1861, James B. Turner, Sr., at the February term, 1862, of the county court, subscribed an oath of loyalty, and was re-appointed clerk by the county court, for the residue of his term, after giving bond in the sum of five thousand dollars, with W. R. Holman and J. F. Hudgins as sureties.

Circuit Clerks

The death of Oliver necessitated the appointment of another clerk, and Major Robert Sevier was duly commissioned by the governor to fill the vacancy. Thus were three clerks required to serve out a term of one year.

At the expiration of the term alluded to, Major Sevier became his own successor, having been elected to the position by the people. He continued in office until April, 1865. By the constitution of that year, known as the " Drake constitution," it was declared that within sixty days after said constitution took effect, every person in the state of Missouri, holding any office of honor, trust, or profit under the constitution, or laws thereof, or under any municipal corporation, or any of the other offices, positions, or trusts mentioned in the third section of article second, of the constitution then framing, should take and subscribe an oath of loyaly; and that if any such officer or person should fail to take said oath, his office, position, or trust should, ipso facto, become vacant - the vacancy to be rilled according to the law governing the case. The constitutional convention, pending its work of framing a new constitution, passed an ordinance, March 17, 1865, entitled " an ordinance for vacating certain civic offices, filling them anew, and protecting the citizens from injury and harassment," under the provisions of which Major Sevier - having refused to take the oath of loyalty - was removed, and Col. Adam J. Barr, who had been a member of the convention, appointed in his stead.

The additional positions referred to as contained in section three of article second, were those of professor or teacher in any educational institu-

March 29, 1870, the circuit court of the fifth judicial circuit, Philander Lucas, judge, at chambers, in Liberty, Clay count}' Missouri, issued an order temporarily removing A. J. Barr, clerk of the circuit court, from office, and appointing John H. Harmony temporary clerk.

Col. Barr was not reinstated, but in justice to that gentleman, it is proper to state that it is believed that his removal is due to no default of his.

At this writing, April, 1881, the offices in the court house at Richmond are draped in morning for John W. Spurlock, who died of consumption on the 1 7th inst.

Pursuant to a law passed by the general assembly of Missouri, in 1865, the county court of Ray county, at its February term, 1870, made an order separating the offices of circuit clerk and recorder; and the same month James T. Harris was commissioned by Governor McClurg to serve as recorder till the next general election, at which time he was elected for a term of four years.

The first four persons whose names appear in the above list were appointed the rest elected by popular vote. Geo. I. Wasson was twice elected; each time for a term of two years, embraced within the dates given in the list. The same is true of George Allen, Clayton Jacobs, J. W. Francis, John C. Brown, and Thomas McGinnis. Benjamin J. Brown was elected four times. Clayton Jacobs was ousted for refusing to take the oath prescribed in the " Drake constitution."

At the first term of the county court, April, 1821, William Shields made application for appointment as county surveyor. The court appointed David Manchester and William D. Wilson to examine him as to his qualifications for that office. The committee reported favorably, and Shields was duly appointed the first county surveyor. Similar proceedings were had on the application of Timothy Riggs, at the March term of court,

Zadoc Martin, from April, 1821, to January, 1822. Benjamin Gragg, from January, 1822, to May, 1822. Lovell Snowden, from May, 1822, to February, 1823. William Downey, from May, 1823, to Februarv, 1825. Robert Pritchard, from Februar\r, 1825, to February, 1827. Adam Black, from February, 1827, to Februan-, 1828. Thomas Edwards, from February, 1828, to February, 1829. James Jordan, from February, 1829, to Februarv, 1830. Jesse Newlin, from February, 1830, to February, 1831. James Jordan, from Februan1, 1831, to February, 1832. Jesse Newlin, from February, 1832, to February, 1833.

From 1823, to 1825 the county was assessed by townships, each township having an assessor. William Downey was assessor for Crooked River township; Henry Brown, for Bluff ton township, and Nehemiah Woolsey, for Missouriton township.

In 1859 a law was passed providing for the assessment of the county by ranges; and the county court appointed the following persons assessors to serve two years: William Berry, for range 26; John S. Flournoy, for range 27; William H. McGaugh, for range 28; Mathano Brown, for range 29. William P. Parker was removed for incompetency, and Humphrey J. Comer appointed by the county court in his stead.

COLLECTORS. Shubael Allen, from April, 1821, to December, 1821. Jesse Gilliam, from December, 1821, to May, 1822. John Scott, from May, 1822, to February, 1823. William S. Miller, from February, 1823, to February, 1825. William B. Martin, from February, 1825, to May, 1825. William S. Miller, from May, 1825, to February, 1826. William Morgan, from February, 1826, to February, 1827. Meaddors Vanderpool, from February, 1827, to October, 1827. John Elliott, from October, 1827, to February, 1828. James Snowden, Sr., from February, 1828, to February, 1829.

In 1836 the office of collector was abolished. The sheriff was made collector of state and count)- revenue, and so continued until 1873. In 1872 the general assembly passed an act separating the offices of sheriff and collector, and in November of that year, Thomas B. Fowler was elected to the latter office, to enter upon its duties the following January. He died September 16, 1875, and his son, Allen M. Fowler, was appointed to serve till the next general election, at which time the people chose him as his own successor.

County Commissioners

In 1874, L. B. Wright was county superintendent of public schools. March 26th of that year, the governor approved an act of the general assembly, as follows:

Section 37. There is hereby created the office of county commissioners of public schools. There shall be one county commissioner for each county in the state, who shall be elected by the qualified voters at the annual district school meetings held in said counties on the first Tuesday in April, 1875, and every two years thereafter, and shall hold the office for two years and until a successor is duly elected and qualified. The said commissioner shall possess the qualifications of a competent teacher of ,the public schools, and be of good moral character.

Mr. Wright continued in office till April, 1875, at which time he was succeeded by W. S. Tompkins, who served two years. On the first Tuesday in April, 1877, Thomas M. Deacy was elected county commissioner. Mr. Deacy was again elected in 1870, and also in 1881, and is now in office, serving out his third term, which will expire on the first Tuesday in April, 1883.

Probate Courts

In the year 1853, the first probate court for Ray county, was held at the county seat. It was established the same vear by act of the general assembly.

By an act of the general assembly, approved March 14, 1874, to take effect from and after its passage, the county court of Ray county was reorganized, the number of justices thereof reduced to one, and that justice made e.x-officio judge of probate court.

At the general election in November, 1874, Hon. Chas. J. Hughes was elected count}- and probate judge, agreeably to the provisions of the act referred to, for a term of four years from the first day of January, 1875.

An act establishing probate courts in the city of St. Louis, and in every count}- in the state, was approved April 9, 1877. This act contains a -provision, that in all counties where the county court, or any member thereof, has probate jurisdiction, there shall be elected at the general election in 1878, and every, four years thereafter a judge of probate. The Hon. Charles J. Hugh ; is at present, 1881, presiding justice of the county court and judge < probate court.

Courts Of Common Pleas

March 5, 1855, an act establishing a court of common pleas for Ray county was approved, and Hon. Aaron H. Conrow was appointed judge thereof, by the governor, to hold the office until the first Monday in August, 1855, and until his successor should be elected and qualified.

Judge Conrow held but one term of the common pleas court. The court did not meet with public approbation, and was abolished at the ensuing session of the general assembly.

David P. Whitmer, Esq., was appointed by Governor Thomas C. Fletcher, judge of said court, and at the general election in 1868, he was elected to the office by the people. Judge Whitmer continued to serve as judge of the court of common pleas, till January, 1872, when Charles J. Hughes, having been elected at the previous November election, succeeded him. Judge Hughes held the office till January 1, 1875. At that time an act of the general assembly abolishing the court of common pleas in Ray county, approved March 24th, of the preceding year, went into effect.

All records, books, papers and proceedings belonging to said court were, in obedience to the act, turned over to the circuit court; and all suits, actions, process and proceedings pending in the court of common pleas, at the time of its abolition, were transferred to said circuit court for final judgment or determination.

We have been unable to ascertain who represented Ray county in the general assembly from 1822 to 1824, and from the latter year to 1826, from the fact that the early rolls of both houses have been destroyed by lire.

It is believed by many who have lived in the county for years, that Isaac Martin was the first representative, while others place that honor to the credit of the memory of Martin Parmer. Both Martin and Parmer are long since dead, and both in their day, were leading local politicians. Roth were among the first settlers of the county, but Parmer moved from county to county, now living in Ray, now in Chariton, now in Carroll, while Martin became a permanent resident of Ray. Certain it is that Parmer was the first to represent Chariton county in the legislature; and as that county and Ray were organized at the same time, it is fair to conclude that Isaac Martin was Ray county's first representative in the general assembly, it being settled that that position was held by one or the other of the two men in question. But Martin Parmer did represent this county in the general assembly, and it was doubtless from 1824 to 1826.

The term of office of members of the lower house of the Missouri legislature has never been more nor less than two years. Therefore, in the following list, onlv the vears in which the person was elected is given:

Ephraim B. Ewing, a citizen of Ray county, was appointed secretary of state in April, 1849, and served in that position four years. He was elected attorney general in August, 1856, and after holding the office till September 1st, 1859, resigned to take his seat on the supreme bench, to which he had been called by a majority of his fellow citizens to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Judge Richardson. He was re-elected supreme judge November 5, 1S72, to serve eight years.

Mordecai Oliver, also of Ray county, was a member of the lower house of congress from 1S52 to 1857; and Austin A. King from from 1862 to 1864.

Judicial Districts And Judicial Circuits

The general assembly of Missouri, by act approved November 25, 1820, entitled, " an act establishing judicial districts and circuits, and prescribing the times and places of holding courts therein," the state was divided into four judicial districts - the counties of Cole, Cooper, Chariton, Saline, Lillard, Ray, Howard and Boone, to form the first district. The supreme courts and the superior courts of chancery were held in the districts.

The supreme court for the first judicial district was to be held at the town of Franklin, in the county of Howard, on the first Mondays of March and September. The superior courts of chancery were to be held at the same place, in the same county, on the first Mondays of January and July.

For the purpose of holding circuit courts, the counties composing the first judicial district were declared to form the first judicial circuit.

The act was to take effect and be in force from and after its passage; that no part thereof, which related to new counties established at that session of the general assembly, should have any effect till January 1, 1821.

By act of the general assembly, approved January 11, 1822, the state of Missouri wras divided into four judicial districts, and subsequently the districts were subdivided into judicial circuit.

By act of the general assembly, passed at its session of 1830-1, Saline, Lafayette, Ray and Chariton counties wrere stricken oft' of the first judicial circuit, and, together with Randolph and Jackson, wrere made to form the fifth judicial circuit.

The circuit courts were to be held in Ray county as follows: Commencing on the first Thursdays after the first Mondays in February, June and October.

The counties comprising the first judicial circuit, with the exception of the county of Franklin, and the counties composing the fifth judical circuit, constituted the first judicial district.

The general assembly of Missouri, March 17th, 1835, passed an act dividing the state into four judicial districts and seven judicial circuits, making the first judicial district to consist of the counties of Clay, Clinton, Cole, Callaway, Carroll, Cooper, Chariton, Saline, Lafayette, Ray, Johnson, Jackson, Morgan, Howard, Randolph, Monroe, Boone, Rives, Pettis, Benton, Polk, Greene, Barry and Van Buren; and the fifth judicial circuit, ot the counties of Clay, Clinton, Carroll, Chariton, Lafayette, Ray, Johnson, Jackson and Van Buren.

The supreme court met in the first judicial district, at the town of Fayette, Howrard county, on the first Mondays after the fourth Mondays of April and August in each year.

In the latter year, by act of the general assembly, Saline, Lafayette and Jackson, being south of the Missouri river, were stricken from the fifth and attached to the sixth judicial circuit, of which Hon. John F. Ryland was the judge. The fifth judicial circuit was then formed of counties lying north of the Missouri river.

The Hon. Austin A. King, of Ray county, was appointed judge of the fifth circuit in 1837, and served with distinguished ability till his resignation in 1848, to assume the duties of governor of Missouri, an office to which he had been elected by his fellow citizens.

By act of the general assembly, approved January 31st, 1839, the fifth judicial circuit was declared to embrace Clinton, Caldwell, Clay, Ray, Platte and Buchanan counties.

Again, by act of March 27, 1845, Platte and Buchanan counties were stricken from the circuit, and Carroll, Harrison, De Kalb and Daviess, added thereto.

Judge King was succeeded by the Hon. George W. Dunn, who received his appointment from Gov. John C. Edwards, and was circuit judge from the year 1S48 to 1861.

Bv appointment of Gov. Gamble, Austin A. King was again judge of the hfth judicial circuit from 1861 to 1863, when he was again succeeded by Judge Dunn, who served till 1865.

Judge Walter King filled the office from 1865 to 1867, in which year he was succeeded by the Hon. Philander Lucas, who continued to serve till 1871.

In the year last mentioned the Hon. George W. Dunn was elected by the people, for a term of six years, judge of the fifth judicial circuit, the boundaries of which were so reduced in 1866 as to include the counties of Ray, Clay, Clinton and Platte, which now (April, 1881,) form the circuit. Judge Dunn was again elected in November, 1880, and hence is the present judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Missouri.

He has held the office up to this date, about twenty-two years in the aggregate; and in the discharge of all his official duties has been guided by a love of justice, deliberate judgment, impartial ruling, and a sincere desire to uphold the law in its every tendency to promote the well-being of society. Truly has it been written of him: " He has worn the ermine unspotted." Judge Dunn is a resident of Richmond, Ray county, Missouri.

Till the year 1831, Ray was one of the counties of the first judicial circuit; since that time it has remained a part of the fifth judicial circuit. The judges of these circuits having been given in this article, we now append a complete list of the

Circuit Attorneys

The latter, after serving about a year and a half, was removed from office - for what cause, or whether for any cause, the writer has been unable to ascertain - and Charles French appointed in his stead.

It is presumed that the charges against Judge Leonard - if there were any - were either trifling, or not well founded, as he was universally recognized as an able and faithful officer - a gentleman in every department and duty of life - an upright and honorable man. He was afterward, for many years, judge of the supreme court of Missouri.

In 1822 Abiel Leonard was appointed, by Hamilton R. Gamble, deputy circuit attorney, to prosecute in Ray, Clay, Lafayette, Saline, and Cole counties.

An act of the general assembly, relating to the attorney-general and circuit attorneys, approved December 9, 1824, provided that the attorneygeneral shculd reside and keep his office at the seat of government; that it should be his duty to commence and prosecute all actions, suits, processes, and prosecutions, civil and criminal, in which the state or any county might be concerned; to defend all actions brought against the state; to prosecute forfeited recognizances, and all suits and actions for the recovery of debts, fines, penalties, and forfeitures accruing to the state, or to any county within the circuit in which the seat of government was located; when called upon by the governor, to aid any circuit attorney in the discharge of his duties; when required, to give his opinion and advice, without fee or reward, to any county court, or justice thereof, or to any tribunal established for the transaction of county business, or to any member thereof, or to any justice of the peace within his circuit, upon any question of law relating to any criminal or other matter in which the state or any county was concerned ; and to perform such other and further duties as might be enjoined on him by law.

In 1S26 the seat of government was removed to Jefferson City, in Cole county, and as that county was in the first judicial circuit, of which Recount)- was also a part, the then attorney-general, Robert W. Wells, became j ex-officio circuit attorney for the first judicial circuit, and continued to act as such so long as he remained in office, but in the year 1831, as previously stated, Saline, Lafayette, Ray, and Chariton were stricken from the first, and became part of the fifth judicial circuit, of which Amos Rees ' was then appointed circuit attorney.

William T. Wood acted as circuit attorney for the October term of court, 1834; Charles French, for the November term, 1826; John Wilson, for the July term, 1826; and again, for the March term, 1828.

George W. Dunn having been appointed judge of the fifth judicial circuit, vice Austin A. King, elected governor, Chas. J. Hughes was appointed to discharge the duties of prosecuting attorney -pro tctnpore.

DeWitt C. Allen was elected circuit attorney in November, 1860, but we have been unable to find an entry of record showing that his commission was produced in the Ray circuit court.

In the year 1861, during the intense public excitement, incident to the outbreaking of civil war, no regular, uninterrupted sessions of the circuit court, were held; and it is believed that Mr. Allen never attended. At all events, February, 1862, David P. Whitmer was commissioned by acting-governor Willard P. Hall, circuit attorney of the fifth judicial circuit, to serve out the term for which Allen had been elected.

Elijah F. Esteb was appointed, vice W. A. Donaldson, in conformity to the before-mentioned ordinance of the Missouri state convention of 1865. The office of county attorney was established in 1868, and James W. Black, Esq., was appointed county attorney for Ray county, taking charge of the office in January, 1869, and serving till January, 1873. He attended to county business only - the prosecution of criminal cases being still left to the circuit attorney.

The office of circuit attorney was abolished in 1872. In November, of that year, James L. Farris was elected county attorney of Ray county, and served four years from the following January. He was succeeded by Frank G. Gibson as prosecuting attorney.

At the time of the passage of the act of congress, approved February 14, 187 1, granting pensions to the surviving soldiers of the war of 1812, and the widows of the deceased soldiers of the war of 1812, that were married before peace was declared between the United States and Great Britain, February 17, 1815, there were living in Ray county, Missouri, twenty soldiers and four widows, nearly all of whom were entitled to pensions under the provisions of said act of congress of February 14, 1871. They were as follows:

Thomas Blain, at the age of twenty, enlisted for service in the war of 1812, as a private in Capt. Samuel Lapsly's company, second regiment of Kentucky volunteers, on or about the 1st of April, 1813, in Lancaster, Garrard county, Kentucky. This regiment was comprised }in the army commanded by General William Henry Harrison. A short time after Thomas Blain enlisted, his regiment was ordered to take up their line of march to Fort Meigs, in the northwest part of Ohio. He remained in service in General Harrison's army for a number of months, and having served over his term of enlistment, he was honorably discharged from the said military service at Habanna, Ohio, the spring of 1814, and returned to his home in Kentucky. Some years afterward he removed to Missouri, and followed the business of farming many years, successfully. He was living near Camden, Missouri, at the time he commenced drawing his pension as a soldier of the war of 1812, in the year 1871. He died the same year, December 12, 1871, at the advanced age of seventy-nine years, at his home, greatly respected as an honest, upright man, by his large circle of neighbors and friends.

John Brewer enlisted at the age of twenty, in Capt. Weslar's Chester county company, Valley Light infantry, at Chester county, Pennsylvania, on or about the 20th day of June, 1814. After enlisting in said Capt. Weslar's company, he was ordered to Philadelphia, and remained in camp there for two weeks, and then proceeded to a point on the Delaware river about twenty miles below Philadelphia, near Marcus Hook. He remained at this place doing duty as a soldier of said company, until some time in October, 1814, when he was honorably mustered out of the service. He was a worthy, old gentleman, greatly endeared to his family and friends. He was a citizen of Ray county a number of years, and made application for pension in Richmond, Ray county, Missouri, in 1871. He died after a very short illness, in Caldwell count}', Missouri, December 3, 1871, at the advanced age of eighty years.

Thomas B.Brown was drafted as a soldier of the war of 1812, and mustered in as private in Capt. James C. Wade's company, Bedford county, Tennessee, on or about the 15th day of May, 1812, at the age of twenty-four years. After this company was duly organized, it took up its line of march from Fayetteville, Tennessee, to Fort Jackson, then in the territory of Indiana ; thence to Fort Decatur, in same territory; and after doing military service until late in the fall of 1812, his company returned home to Bedford county, Tennessee, and were honorably discharged from the service, after having been on duty six months and twenty days. Some years afterward, he removed to Missouri, and in the course of time settled in Ray county, and became one of its most valued, useful and energetic citizens. He was for many years an able and faithful minister of the gospel of the Baptist denomination, and performed the work of his great Master in an earnest and zealous manner. He became a pensioner in 1872, to date from February 14, 1871. He died at his home in Ray count}', at the great age of eighty-five. He was greatly beloved by a large circle of relatives and friends. The present representative of Ray county, in the legislature of Missouri, is his grandson.

Alexander Bogart, was drafted as a private in Captain Solomon Hendron's company of infantry, Colonel Bagley's regiment, General Coulter's brigade, constituting a part of the army of General Andrew Jackson, war of 1812. He was drafted and mustered into said company on or about the 20th day of October, 1814, in Chaster county, Tennessee. He then marched with his company to Lookout mountain, thence to Fort Jackson, thence to Fort Claiborne, remaining in the service until after the news was received that peace had been declared between the United States and Great Britain, and was then honorably discharged with his company at Fort Claiborne, Alabama. Some years after his discharge from military service, when his country was making the onward march of prosperity, under the benign influences of peace, and the great developments of an active and energetic people, he shaped his course westward for Missouri, and for many years lived in Ray county, Missouri, near Albany, in Fishing River township. He died at the advanced age of eighty-four years, at his home near Albany, having been a worthy and exemplary citizen of this county for many years, greatly respected by all who knew him.

Captain Haslep's artillery company volunteers, at Youngstown* Ohio, on or about the 27th day of August, IS 12. This company of artillery constituted a part of General William Henry Harrison's gallant little army, that won distinction under the brave " Old Tippecanoe" on some hard fought battle-fields. After he enlisted in this company, he soon saw some severe active service. He was with his company in the siege of Fort Meigs, and was with it when sent to succor General Winchester's forces at the River Raisin, but failed to reach them before the massacre. At the expiration of his term of enlistment, he was honorably discharged at Lower Sandusky, Ohio, on the 27th of February, 1813. He married in Trumbull count)-, Ohio, (now Mahoning) to Miss Margaret Waters, November 16, 1815. He removed from Ohio to Ray countv, Missouri, in the year 1866, and was a successful farmer near Albany, Ray county, Missouri, for many years, and was highly respected by his neighbors as an honest, upright man. He died at his home, near Albany, in the spring of 1879, at the advanced age of eighty-five years.

Wilitam Bales was a soldier of the war of 1812. He was mustered into Capt. Sharp's company, Tennessee militia, in December, 1814, at Knoxville, Tennessee, and serving for a short time, in said company, was honorably discharged a short time before peace was declared. He became a citizen of Ray county, Missouri, many years ago, having left Tennessee and become a resident of this county shortly after it was organized. He came to it when it was sparsely inhabited, when only a small portion of its fertile territory was under cultivation, and rewarded the hand of the industrious farmer with abundant crops. He has lived to see this county become one of the first of the northwestern counties of Missouri, in everything that pertains to a high degree of improvement and civilization. He has attained the great age of eighty-nine years. He has been one of the most energetic and worth)' farmers of the county, and is greatly respected by all his neighbors. He is greatly endeared to his family, who have grown up around him, and are regarded as being prominent and useful citizens of the county.

John Cornelison enlisted as a private in Capt. Jacob Israel's company rifle volunteer infantry, at the age of twenty-four years, war of 1812, in Harrison county, Virginia, on or about the 20th day of November, 1814. After their company was duly organized, it rendezvoused at Clarksburg, Hardin county, Virginia, and was afterwards ordered to Norfolk, Virginia. Before reaching Norfolk, however, the order was countermanded, and it was ordered back to Harrison county, Virginia, and discharged from the service on or about the 28th day of March, 1815, after peace had been declared between the United States and Great Britain. A number of years after the war of 1812, he removed from Virginia with his family to the west, and after living in various places finally settled in Ray county,

John Davis volunteered as a soldier of the war of 1812, in Capt. John Crawford's company, Kentucky infantry volunteers, which formed a part of General Shelby's brigade, at Newport, Kentucky, on or about the 20th day of July, 1813. Soon after the organization of his brigade, they marched rapidly to reinforce General Harrison. After being reinforced by so strong a body of Kentucky troops under Gen. Shelby, Gen. Harrison embarked on lake Erie with his army, and soon after arrived at Maiden. On finding his post had been abandoned by the British, and that they had retreated up the river Thames, General Harrison rapidly pursued them, and succeeded in bringing them to action at the Moravian village on the Thames, and gained a decisive victory, October 5, 1813. The celebrated chief Tecumseh was slain in this battle by Colonel R. M. Johnson. Capt. John Crawford's company, in which John Davis was first sergeant, bore a conspicuous part in this battle on account of their gallantry, and contributed no little to the glorious result. On the expiration of his term of service he was honorably discharged at Chillicothe, Ohio, on or about October 30, 1813. John Davis and Selene McDougal were married in Morgan county, Kentucky, June 1, 1817. John Davis some years after his marriage, removed with his family to Ray county, Missouri, and after living in different portions of the county, finally made a permanent settlement about three miles west of Knoxville, Ray county, and followed the business of farming for many years successfully. He was a valuable citizen in his community, and greatly respected by his neighbors. He died on the 10th day of September, 1875, at his home near Knoxville, at the advanced age of 84 years. He left a very worthy family, who live in the same neighborhood. His widow, Selene Davis, lives with her son, Jasper N. Davis, on the old homestead. She is a pensioner, as the widow of John Davis deceased, a soldier of the war of 1812.

James Humphreys enlisted in Capt. George Matthews' company, infantry, Major Hurt's battalion, Col. George Pogue's regiment, in the army of General William Henry Harrison, at Flemingsburg, Fleming county, Kentucky, on or about the 12th day of August, 1812. After enlisting, he, with his company, marched to Newport, Kentucky, and drew their arms, and took up their line of march toward the northwestern part of Ohio. They failed to reach their point of destination before winter set in, and were ordered back to Shawneetown to build a fort which was called " Fort Amanda." They remained in this fort until spring, when they were ordered to the relief of General Winchester, but were too late in reaching him by one day's travel. Their term of enlistment having expired, they returned home and were honorably discharged on or about April 15,

James Kinzon was a private in Capt. James H. Campbell's company, 24th regiment U. S. infantry volunteers. He enlisted at Cumberland Gap, east Tennessee, on or about the 4th day of September, 1812. After serving two years he was transferred with his company to the second rifle regiment corps, and served in it until the expiration of his term of enlistment, having enlisted for five years. He was honorably discharged at Rock Island, Mississippi, September 4, 1817. After enlisting he marched with his company to Knoxville, Tennessee, thence to Canada West, taking part in the battle of Mackinac, in the defense of Fort Meigs at the time of the siege, and in other engagements. Some years after the war of 1812 he came to Missouri. He married Miss Sarah Harlow, of Clinton county, Missouri, and lived many years near Turner's Grove, Ray county, Missouri. He died in Clinton county Missouri, on the 26th day of February, 1875, at the advanced age of 80 years.

James Mason was a private in Captain Elijah Harding's company, Forty -fifth regiment Virginia militia, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Peyton, General Hungerford's brigade, war of 1812. He was mustered into the service in Stafford county, Virginia, Potomac court house, on or about the 1st day of July, 1814. He performed service with his company in Westmoreland county, Virginia, along the Potomac, until he was stricken down with a severe attack of typhoid fever, and was sent home from Drummond's Field, Virginia, his company being on the march at that time up the Potomac river. On recovering, he found his company had returned to Stafford county, Virginia, and was discharged for the campaign. The war coming to a close shortly after, the services of his company were no longer required. He married in Virginia, and lived there the greater portion of his life. He came to Richmond, Missouri, when a very old man, and lived up to the time of his death with his daughter, Mrs. O. S. W. Taylor.

William McIntosh was mustered in as a private in Captain Black's company, Third regiment of Tennessee volunteers, war of 1S12, on or about the 10th day of July, 1814, and was honorably discharged on or about the 10th day of February, 1815, after peace was declared, at Nashville, Tennessee. After enlisting in said service, his regiment took up their line of departure on flat-boats to New Orleans, Louisiana, and remained in that city until after the battle of New Orleans, having the honor of taking part in this glorious engagement, on the 8th of January, 1815. After news of the peace was received, his company was ordered back to Tennessee, and were mustered out of the service honorably, at Nashville, Tennessee, as above stated. He lived a number of years

Thomas McCuistion was a lieutenant in Captain John B. Dempsey's company of mounted volunteers, commanded by Colonel Newton Cannon, in General Coffee's brigade, ihe division commanded by General Andrew Jackson. He volunteered and was mustered in at Shelbyville, Bedford county, Tennessee, on or about the 15th day of September, 1813, and was honorably discharged on or about the 25th day of December, 1813. He was in the battle of Tallahatchie, on the 2d of November, 1813, and in the battle of Talladega, «n the 8th olf November, 1813; in the Indian war, of the United States against the Creeks, and contributed greatly by his gallantry and intrepidity in these actions in achieving complete victories over the brave warriors of the hostile Creeks. He married Nancy Jordan, in Bedford county, Tennessee, on or about the 15th day of February, 1816, and moved with his wife to Ray county, Missouri, a few years after the organization of the county. He was a man of sterling integrity. All his dealings with his neighbors were characterized by the highest principles of honor and rectitude. He was greatly loved by a large circle of relatives and friends. After a long life of usefulness, he died in Richmond, Missouri, in 1880, at the advanced age of eightv-eight years. His widow, Mrs. Nancy McCuistion, is still living.

Edward Sanderson enlisted as a private in Captain Scurry's company of mounted riflemen, second battalion, Colonel Thomas Williamson's regiment of Tennessee volunteers, at Gallatin, Tennessee, on or about the 9th day of February, 1814. His company, when he enlisted, was commanded by Captain George Elliott, who was afterwards promoted to be colonel of another regiment, and Captain Scurry succeeded him in the position of captain. Some time after enlisting, his company and regiment, with other forces, took up their line of march for New Orleans, Louisiana, and reached the point of their destination about the 1st of January, 1815. He, along with the rest of his company, took part in the memorable engagement of the 8th of January, 1815, in which General Andrew Jackson gained a complete, decisive, and glorious victory over the veteran troops of Great Britain, who were thoroughly equipped and trained under the eye of Wellington, and who had met the conqueror of Europe, and driven back his legions. The war of the United States with the Creek Indians, that was the result of the interference of Great Britain, was the school in which Generals Jackson, Coffee, and Carroll became adepts in the tactics that made a Tennessee rifleman superior to a Wellington invincible, and qualified an army of citizen soldiers to defeat an army of veterans of superior numbers. Mr. Sanderson, shortly after this brilliant victory, returned, with his company, to Gallatin, Tennessee, and was honorably discharged there. Some years afterward he removed from Tennessee to Ray county, Misssouri, and was engaged in the business of farming for many years. He reared a large family of children, who are valuable citizens of the county. He was an upright man in every respect, and was greatly respected in his community. He died in 1874, at the advanced age of eighty-one years.

Jabez Shotwell enlisted as a soldier of the war of 1812, in Captain Stockton's company, first regiment of Kentucky dragoons, in the army commanded by Gen. William Henry Harrison, Dayton, Ohio, on or about the 1st of September, 1812, and was honorably discharged at Ft. Defiance, Ohio, on or about November 10, 1812. That he served with his companv under Gen. Harrison, in his campaign in northwest Ohio. He saw considerable active service during the term for which he was enlisted. Some years after the war of 1812, he removed to Ray county, Missouri, and became in a short time a prominent citizen of the county. He held a number of important offices. Among them may be mentioned the offices of county judge, count}' surveyor, county school commissioner, all of which he filled with ability, discharging the duties incumbent upon him in a faithful manner. He reared an interesting family of children, to whom he was greatly endeared. He died in Lexington, Missouri, in the year 1875, at the advanced age of eighty-four years.

Gerrard Spurrier enlisted in Capt. Bayliss' company, 11th regiment light horse brigade, Kentucky volunteers, war of 1812, on or about the 9th day of September, in Lewis county, Kentucky, and was honorably discharged the 9th day of November, 1813. After enlisting he took up the line of march with his company, to West Union, Adams county, Ohio, where the company was fully organized, thence they marched to Seneca, and a number of other points and finally to Moravianto vvn, in Canada West, and took part in the battle of the Thames, on the 5th of October, 1813, which resulted in the defeat of Gen. Proctor, and the death of the celebrated Indian chieftain and prophet, Tecumseh. Mr. Spurrier and all his fellow soldiers in his company and regiment, bore themselves gallantly in this hotly contested engagement and reflected bright and lasting honor upon the brave Kentucky troops. On leaving Kentucky, some years after the war of 1812, he came to Missouri and finally settled in Ray county, and has been a worthy citizen of it for many years. He has always borne a spotless character wherever he has lived. He is highly esteemed by all who know him. Some of his family live in Indiana and are prominent citizens of the community in which they live. Gerrard Spurrier is now eighty nine years old, but he retains, in a great measure, the vigor of his mind, and until very recently, could travel about with all the activity of a young man.

McArthur, war of 1812, on or about the 1st day of September, 1813, and was honorably discharged at Winchester, Kentucky, on or about the 25th day of September, 1814. He served with his company under Gen. McArthur the greater portion of his term of enlistment in Canada. He saw considerable active service in this campaign in which Gen. McArthur partly carried out his bold plan of conquering Upper Canada. He became a settler of Ray county, Missouri, a few years after it was organized. He was for many years a successful farmer, and stood high among his neighbors as a man of unswerving integrity, great firmness of purpose, and warmth ot feeling in his attachment. He never married, but for many years lived in his pleasant home with his sister, Miss Margery Thornton, and always had a warm welcome for his friends. After the death of his sister he lived in the family of Gen. Alexander Doniphan for a number of years, in Richmond, Missouri. He died in 1872, aged eighty-four years.

John Turner was a soldier of the war of 1812. He enlisted in Capt. Burnett's company, Kentucky volunteers. Was taken prisoner at the battle of the River Raisin, and was a prisoner among the Indians and British one year and ten days. He was one of the early settlers of Ray county, and was for mam^ years a settler of Fishing River township, of this county. He reared a large family of children, who are good and useful citizens of the county. He was an industrious and energetic farmer, and showed the hand of the diligent man in making his home an attractive place for the family. He was a man of strong force of character, warm in his attachment to friends, and of unbending rectitude in all his dealings with his fellow man - a man that stood high with his neighbors for probity, and whole-souled honor and integrity. He died at an advanced age in 1872.

Emilius Wood was mustered in as a private in Capt. Charles Duvall's company, Ohio volunteers, in General Harrison's army, on about November 10, 1812, in Washington county, Ohio, and was honorably discharged at Marietta, Ohio, in or about May, 1813. He saw considerable active service during his term of enlistment, in the army of Gen. Harrison. He was not a citizen of Ray county, Missouri, man}' years. He was a farmer during the time he lived in this county, in Richmond township, not far from the Richmond and Lexington junction.

Only two soldiers of the war of 1812 are now living in Ray county, Gerrard Spurrier and William Bales. All of those living at the time of the passage of the pension act, approved by congress, February 14-, 1871, are now dead, except the two above mentioned.

Widows of soldiers of the war of 1812, that were entitled to pensions under the act of congress approved February 14, 1871, having been married prior to the declaration of peace, February 17, 1815. They were as follows:

Malinda Martin, widow of William B. Martin, deceased, who was a private in Capt. Brassfield's company, Kentucky volunteers, war of 1812. He enlisted at Winchester, Kentucky, on or about the 10th, of August, 1812, and was honorably discharged at Fort Defiance, in December, 1812.

Anna Routh, widow of Jeremiah Routh, deceased, who was a private in Capt. Inglish's company, Tennessee militia regiment, war of 1812. He enlisted in Sevier county, Tennessee, on or about the 25th of November, 1813, and was honorably discharged on or about the 25th day of July, 1814.

Heathy Mott, widow of Loann Orange Mott, deceased, who enlisted in Capt. John Dowden's company, Slack's tavern, between Washington and Germantown, in Macon county, Kentucky, war of 1812, on or about the 10th day August, 1812, and was honorably discharged at Macon county, Kentucky, about the close of the year 1812.

Mary E. Mayberry, widow of Frederick E. Mayberry, deceased, who enlisted in Capt. William Lock's company, Col. Colman's regiment, in the division commanded by Gen. Andrew Jackson, Tennessee volunteers, on the 10th day of December, 1811, at Nashville, Tennessee, and was honorably discharged at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, on or about the 25th day of December, 1814.

Only one of the above mentioned widows is now living. Mrs. Anna Routh still survives, having attained the great age of eighty-seven years. She lives about four miles from Richmond, Ray county, Missouri.

Mary Comer, widow of John Comer, deceased, who was a soldier of the war of 1812, in Capt. Morris's company of Ohio volunteers, that did service in the arm)'- of Gen. Harrison. He enlisted at Chillicothe, Ross county, Ohio, on or about the 10th day of July, 1813, and was honorably discharged at Chillicothe, Ohio, on or about December 10, 1813. She was married to John Comer, on or about the 10th day of June, 1800, in Ross county, Ohio. Her name before marriage was Mar}- Baker. Mrs. Mary Comer moved from Ray county to Daviess county, Missouri, before her claim was completed, and died in Daviess county, eighty-seven years old.

The act of congress approved March 9, 1878, extended the provisions of the act of February 14, 1871, to all widows of soldiers of the war of 1812, without any reference to the time of their marriages. Those living in Ray county, Missouri, are as follows.:

Selena Davis, widow of John Davis, deceased, who was a soldier of the war of 1812, in Capt. John Crawford's company, Kentucky volunteers, forming a part of General Shelby's brigade. She lives about three miles from Knoxville, Ray county, Missouri. She was married to John Davis in Montgomery county, Kentucky, about June 1, 1817; her maiden name being Selena McDougal. She is now over eighty years old.

Catharine Gunneel, widow of Nathaniel Gunnell, deceased, who was a soldier of the war of 181.2, having enlisted in a Virginia company of volunteers, in the southeastern part of Virginia, on or about the year

1814. She was married to Nathaniel Gunnell, on the 8th day of January 1848, in Ray county, Missouri, her name before marriage being Mrs. Catharine Albert. She is now seventy-five years old, and until recently lived about three miles from Millville, Ray county, Missouri.

Nancy McCuistion, widow of Thomas McCuistion, deceased, late soldier of the war of 1812, in Capt. John B. Dempsey's mounted volunteers. She was married to Lieut. Thomas McCuistion on or about the 15th day of February, 1816, her name before marriage being Nancy Jordan. She now lives with her son, A. A. McCuistion, in Richmond, Missouri, and is now seventy-nine years old.

Mary Reed, widow of David Reed, deceased, a soldier of the war of 1812, who enlisted in Berkeley county, Virginia, on or about the 1st of August, 1814, and was honorably discharged on or about the 1st of March,

1815. She was married to David Reed on or about the 1st day of December, 1820, in Warren county, Missouri, at that time forming a part of Montgomery county, Missouri. Her maiden name was Mary Bryan. She lives with her daughter, Mrs. Elijah Happy, about five miles from Richmond. She has attained the age of eighty-three years.

Adaline Riffe, widow of John RifFe, deceased, a lieutenant in Capt. Wade's company of volunteers, from Casey county, Kentucky, war of 1812. He enlisted on or about the 1st day of September, 1814, and was honorably discharged on or about February 15, 1815. She was married to John Riffe in Ray county, Missouri, on the 15th day of January, 1846. Her name before this marriage was Mrs. Adaline Ross. She lives in Albany, Ray county, Missouri, about one mile from Orrick, and is now seventy-two years old.

Nancy Rush, widow of Job Rush, a soldier of the war of 1812 in Capt. George Allen's company of Virginia militia, who enlisted on or about the 15th of April, 1813, and was honorably discharged at Norfolk, Virginia, on or about the 1st of October, 1813. She was married to Job Rush in Madison county, Virginia, on the 10th day of February, 1819. She is now eighty-three years old, and lives with her relatives near Richmond, Missouri.

Jane Smith, widow of Jedediah Smith, deceased, a soldier of the war of 1812, in Capt. McCuistion's company, in the second regiment of North Carolina militia. He enlisted in Guilford county, North Carolina, in 1814, and was honorably discharged, after serving a term of over three months. She was married to Jedediah Smith, January 6th, 1818, in Guilford county, North Carolina. Her name before marriage was Jane Close. She is

Black Hawk War In 1832

Henry Brown, in Captain Sconce's company; William Crowley; Wililiam R. Blythe, first lieutenant in Captain Pollard's company, Colonel Sconce's regiment; Winant Vanderpool, a private in Captain William C. Pollard's company; Priscilla Conklin, late widow of Andrew Pearce, deceased, a private in Captain William Pollard's company: .Ruth Rifle, widow of Jacob Rifle, deceased.

Florida War

In the Florida war, in the year 1837, the Missouri "spies," a company made up chiefly of recruits from Ray county, commanded by Captain John Sconce, Israel R. Hendly, first lieutenant, did good service in the swamps and everglades of Florida.

In the battle of Okeechobee, December 25, 1837, the company suffered severely. Among the killed were Perry Jacobs and James Remley, and among the wounded were John W. Martin and William B. Hudgins, from this county.

The following are the names of the soldiers, who were in the Florida war, who are now living in Ray county: William B. Hudgins, of Capt. Sconce's companv Missouri Spies; Beniah Hagan, of Captain Pollard's company; Jackson Mann, of Captain Pollard's company; James B. Smith, of Captain John Sconce's company; William L. Feur, of Captain Pollard's company; Pleasant Slover, of Captain John Child's company Tennessee volunteers: Dr. Moody Manson, surgeon.

Iieatherly War

IIEATHERLY WAR. In 1836 two companies of Ray county militia, under command of Captains Matthew P. Long and William Pollard, were ordered out as a part of Brigadier-General William Thompson's brigade, to serve in the Heatherly war. The counties of Ray, Carroll and Clay, as late as 1836, extended from the Missouri river to the southern boundary line of Iowa territory. In June of that year (1836) the settlements in the northern portion of all these counties were sparsely peopled, and many miles apart. In the northern part of Carroll county, now embraced in the limits of Mercer and Grundy, near the line dividing tlu-st two counties, there was a comparatively small settlement, or a few families of pioneers residing. Of this number was an old man named Heatherly. and wife, some four grown sons, and two sons-in-law, and a family named Dunbar and another person, a near neighbor of Dunbar. The Heatherlys were at enmity with Dunbar and his neighbors, and availing themselves of the chance, always created in the unprotected settlements, they murdered

Dunbar and his neighbor, and robbed their houses, and then fled into the more densely settled part of the country south, and reported that some Iowa Indians had made an irruption into that part of the country and had murdered and robbed these two persons. The clamor of the Heatherlys caused troops to be called out for the purpose of apprehending the Indians, and having them punished for these murders.

Brigadier-General William Thompson was commander of the brigade, embracing the counties of Ray, Clay and Carroll, and resided in Ray. He immediately ordered out five companies, one from Carroll, two from Ray, commauded as above mentioned, and two from Clay, commanded respectively by Captain David R. Atchison and Smith Crawford, and the battalion was under the personal command of Shubael Allen. The battalion from Ray and Carroll was commanded by General Thompson in person. The last named battalion marched rapidly to the scene of the crimes, and succeeded in finding the bodies of the murdered men, but no trace of any Indians could be found. The two battalions were in constant communication, and after about eighteen days' service, General Thompson ordered them to disband. Facts ascertained by General Thompson, when he wras at the scene of the murder, and facts that came to light, induced the belief that the Heatherlv gang were the murderers, and they were arrested and committed to jail in Carroll county, and after a delay of a year or more, some of them were convicted and sent to the penitentiary. The Heatherly family were more like gypsies than Americans. The children were of every hue, from mulattoes to pretty fair Caucasians. The moving spirit and motive power of the family was the old woman, the mother of this motley progenv. She had great shrewdness, and was as fiendish as a Hecate. It was in proof that she instigated, planned, and had the crimes committed, and conceived the idea of attributing them to the friendly Iowa Indians.

Mormon War

MORMON WAR. In the fall oi 1838, the Mormon war caused great excitement in Ray county. A considerable force of Mormons under their leader, Joe Smith, had assembled at Far West, in Caldwell county, Missouri, and serious apprehensions were entertained that they intended to make a descent upon Ray county. A portion of the force of Mormons, under the command of Capt. Patton. did march into Rav county, as far as what is now called " Bogart's Battle Field," on Crooked river, in the northwest part of the county, on, or about the loth of November, 1838, and met a company of Ray county militia, under the command of Capt. Samuel Bogart. After a sharp engagement, the militia were repulsed and fell back to the southern part of the county, leaving the Mormons the masters of the battlefield. In this engagement the Mormons lost Captain Patton, and the day following fell back to their main force at Far West, Caldwell county.

The wildest excitement prevailed in Ray county after this slight action. A large number of people in the northern part of the county removed their families and their effects to places of safety in the southern part of the county.

Lilburn W. Boggs, who was then governor of Missouri, issued a proclamation and ordered Major-General David R. Atchison to call out the militia of his division, in order to put down the insurgents and enforce the laws. General Atchison called out a part of the hrst brigade of Missouri state militia, under the command of General Alexander W. Doniphan, who proceeded at once to the seat of war.

There were called out in this expedition from Ray county four companies of militia, commanded respectively by Captains Samuel Bogart, Israel R. Hendley, Nehemiah Odell, and John Sconce. The militia were placed under the command of General John B. Clark.

General Doniphan, on reaching Far West, in Caldwell county, Missouri, after some slight engagements, where the principal Mormon forces had assembled, numbering about 1,000 men, commanded by Colonel G. W. Hinkle, demanded their surrender, on the following conditions, viz: That they should deliver up their arms, surrender their prominent leaders for trial, and that the remainder of the Mormons should, with their families, leave the state.

The leaders were taken before a court of inquiry at Richmond, Ray county, Judge Austin A. King, presiding. He remanded them to Daviess county to await the action of the grand jury on a charge of treason against the state.

Indictments were presented against Joseph Smith, Hyrum Smith, Sidney Rigdon, Lyman Wright, Colonel G. W. Hinkle, Charles Baldwin, ^nd Amos Lyman. Sidney Rigdon was released on a writ of habeas corpus, at Liberty, Clay county, Missouri.

The others applied for a change of venue, which was granted by Judge Austin A. King, and their cases were sent by him to Boone county for trial. On their way to Columbia, Boone county, under a military guard, Joseph Smith and his fellow-prisoners effected their escape. It is claimed, and believed by many, that the guard, or a portion of it was bribed.

The Mexican War

tions in all the affairs of life. The contemplation of them almost causes the reason to stagger and the imagination to flag. The grand triumphs of science, the crowning glory of the conquests of art, and the startling discoveries in the wide domain of nature in the last thirty-live years, all go to show that we live in an age that has reached a high mark of enlightenment, and that the conquering car of progress is sweeping onward in its grand march.

Yet, amid all these grand achievements and mighty changes, there is no American who would wish the proud deeds of our gallant armies in the Mexican war blotted from the pages of his country's history. These gallant and glorious deeds still speak trumpet-tongued of the fame of the soldiers that traversed the burning sands and dense chapparals of Mexico, and covered themselves with imperishable glory on hard-fought battlefields, under the starry folds of the proud ensign of the republic, until it streamed forth in all its original lustre over the proud halls of the Montezumas.

The brave McKee, the impetuous Yell, the intrepid Hardin, the chivalrous Clay, and gallant Watson, and hundreds of their noble comrades, who went down amid the rushing squadron, the roaring cannon and the clashing steel, and baptised their love of country in their crimson life-blood, will never be forgotten.

Every American in whose free-born bosom there throbs one pulsation prouder than another, will feel it throb whenever he hears these names. They will still continue to be the glowing theme of the annalist and the inspiring song of the bard.

The reader of his country's history will always feel a glow of pride when he reads of the battles of Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey, and Buena Vista; of Vera Cruz, Contreras, Cherubusco, Molino del Rev, Chepultapec, and the City of Mexico; of Chihuahua, and Sacramento. Around the names of Taylor, Scott, Doniphan, Price, and their illustrious comrades, will be entwined laurels of everlasting verdure. Their fame will be like a mighty river that grows broader and deeper as it rolls onward.

If such an one there be, let him forget, if he can, the national glory gained for our country by the gallant deeds of our soldiers, in giving increased military renown and glory in a war without a single defeat; and look at the grand and solid results of the Mexican war! It added two states and territories to our country, that are now teeming with a population full of energy, thrift, and prosperity, embracing millions of acres of land, whose valleys are of boundless fertility, and whose mountains contain inexhaustible quantities of minerals, of priceless value, the gold and silver alone yielding $80,000,000 per year.

It gave to our own country an extended seacoast, with capacious bays, inlets, and harbors, affording an almost limitless commerce, foreign and domestic.

The resources of this broad expanse of territory, acquired by the valor of our soldiers, have been developed by our own American people, showing the vast superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race over the mongrel race that once occupied it.

History gives no account of such consequences resulting from any war, ancient or modern, in Europe or Asia. It stands in its glorious results without a parallel.

In 1846, a company of volunteers was recruited from Ray county for the Mexican war. This company was mustered into the service August 1, 1846, as company G, in the battalion of Missouri mounted riflemen, commanded by Lieut. Col. David Willock, (Col. Sterling Price's regiment) called into the service of the United States by President James K. Polk, under the act of congress, approved May 13, 1846. Israel R. Hendley was elected captain of company G; William M. Jacobs, first lieutenant; John W. Martin, second lieutenant, and William P. George, third lieutenant.

This battalion was a part of Col. Sterling Price's regiment, and under the command of Kearney and Doniphan, won laurels of which the country is justly proud.

Capt. Israel R. Hendley, who had proved himself, a gallant officer, fell at Moro, New Mexico, January 25, 1847, and was succeeded in command of company G* by Capt. William M. Jacobs, who was a brave and efficient officer, and was greatly endeared to his gallant company. Company G was mustered into the United States service August 1, 1846. It was a splendid company, well equipped, thoroughly disciplined, and efficient in every respect. It performed excellent service during the wrar, and was honorably discharged at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, on the 17th day of September, 1847.

A portion of this company accompanied Doniphan's regiment, so famous for its march to Santa Fe, Chihuahua, Monterey and the gulf, and for the battles of Bracito and Sacramento. The march of the regiment is known as Doniphan's expedition.

After those brilliant victories, Doniphan's gallant little army took up its line of march homeward. At Saltillo they were reviewed by Gen. Wool.

*Capt. William M. Jacobs was killed June 1, 1878, in the fearful cyclone that swept over Richmond, causing great loiss of life and devastation of property.

They reported to Gen. Taylor, at Monterey, on the 27th of May, 1847, and thence they marched to Matamoras, conveying with them their artillery, which Gen. Taylor permitted them to take home as trophies, in consideration of "their gallantry and noble bearing." They made the march from Chihuahua to Matamoras, nine hundred miles, in forty- five

They arrived at New Orleans about the middle of June, 1847, were mustered out of service, and received a brilliant reception. The celebrated orator, Sargent S. Prentiss, on the part of the people of New Orleans, welcomed their return in one of the most eloquent, touching and patriotic speeches ever heard from mortal lips.

On the 2d of July, they arrived at St. Louis, where they received a grand, glorious welcome. Judge Bowlin received them at St. Louis, on the part of the people. A magnificent banquet was spread for them, and Col. Thomas H. Benton made a most eloquent and thrilling speech to the assembled mass of soldiers and people, recounting the events of their long and almost fabulous expedition with a minuteness and accuracy that astonished them. He traced their journey of five thousand miles from St. Louis and back again. In the course of his patriotic and impressive speech, he referred to the famous " Retreat of the Ten Thousand," and congratulated them that the march of the " one thousand " exceeded that of the " ten thousand " by some two thousand miles. Deservedly has Gen. Doniphan won the title of the " American Xenophon."

Thirty-five years have rolled around since the commencement of the Mexican war, and many of the brave soldiers of the gallant armies of Taylor, Scott and Doniphan have gone to their last camping ground.

A pension bill, for the benefit of the survivors of the Mexican war has been introduced into congress. It is ardently hoped that it will soon become a law, and afford some recognition of the gallant services of the soldiers whose deeds hold a conspicuous place on that pillar of glory, where the deeds of the American soldier are emblazoned for the admiration of mankind.

The following is a list of the surviving soldiers of the Mexican war, now living in Ray county, Missouri: Company G, Captain Israel R. Hendley's company, Lieut.-Colonel David Willock's battalion, Colonel Sterling Price's regiment, has the following survivors in Ray county:

Mrs. Sarah J. Davis, widow of Presly C. Davis, deceased, company C, Captain William H. Rogers, Oregon battalion, commanded by Colonel Powell.

Deadunea Wilson, widow of Robert Wilson, deceased, a soldier of company -G, Lieutenant-Colonel David Willock's battalion, Colonel Sterling Price's regiment.

The Great Civil War

Many years must elapse before the complete history of the great struggle between the Federal government of the United States, and the Southern Confederacy, can be written. A great civil war beyond all others, involves grave and complex questions that require the historian writing from the chancery of truth, to take a calm view of the whole field, which shall do full justice to both sections of the Union. The cessation of the war after the surrender of General Lee to General Grant at Appomattox, April 9, 1865, was followed by a flood of biographies, memoirs, reports and historical sketches, that will have to be laboriously collated, winnowed of their chaff, pruned of their partisan exuberance, and reduced to the correct standard of material for a history that makes truth its polar star, war, have been written, but this is not the whole of the subject. The future will yet produce some annalist like Tacitus, in his histories and annals, who, with incorruptible virtue will adorn the literature of his age, in giving a history of the great civil war, in a style and manner characterized by dignity, gravity, honesty and truthfulness.

The European historian who has heretofore allotted only a spare chapter to America, regarding our affairs with a marked indifference, now assigns it a prominent place in the world's affairs.

The magnitude of -the conflict, the immense armies marshaled mainly from the plow and work-shop into the field, the great battles, splendid generalship, dashing feats of arms, masterly strategy, brilliant tactics, bravery of soldiers, grand charges on terrible battle fields, vast resources of the two governments, the complete and wonderful sanitary system and regulations and the strong resolution and firm endurance of the people, all challenged the admiration of the people of Europe, and caused them to wonder that so great a people had sprung into existence beyond the Atlantic. Throughout the history of modern times there are no efforts more amazing, no sacrifices more unbounded, no achievements more brilliant on record, than those of the peoples and armies of the north and south.

It was the people mainly of the same great Anglo-Saxon race that waged the mighty conflict. The same blood proudly coursed through the veins of the people of both sections of the country.

At the close of the war the sublime spectacle was presented of the great armies on each side returning quietly and calmly to their homes, and gladly resuming the vocations of peace.

There was not a single instance of a scene of bloodshed and violence to stain the honorable record of so large a body of brave soldiers of the north and south that had been disbanded and freed from all restraint.

As time rolls onward, there will be no effort made by either the north or the south to cherish alone its own memories, its own tears, its own heroes, its own dead. Already throughout the broad expanse of our country, do we find many of our people, animated by the most noble sentiments, impartial in the offerings made to the memory of the dead. They strew flowers alike upon the graves of the Confederate and National soldiers. The garlands of roses and lilies are placed sweetly by affection's hand upon the green graves of the blue and grey as they sleep

Confederate Soldiers

CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS. Ray county furnished a large number of soldiers for both armies in the late civil war who bore themselves bravely in some of the hard fought bat-

The number of volunteers from Ray county that enlisted in the southern armies is variously estimated at from five to eight hundred. A majority of this number enlisted under Gen. Sterling Price the first year of the war, 1861.

The following is a list of some of the officers and soldiers from Ray county that served with distinction in the Confederate armies. A number of those that enlisted from Ray county, in 1861 and during the war, are not now living in the county, having sought new homes in other states or other portions of this state, after the close of the war.

Col. Benjamin Brown, inspector of the Fourth division of the " Missouri State Guards," was killed at Wilson's Creek, Missouri, August 10, 1861.

Capt. Finley L. Hubbell, afterward promoted to be lieutenant-colonel of 3d Missouri infantry volunteers, was wounded in the battle of Champion Hill, May 16, 1863, and died from the effects of the wound, at Coffeeville, Mississippi.

Capt. Kelsey McDowell was killed at Atlanta, Georgia, July 22, 1864, having been promoted to be lieutenant-colonel of 3d Missouri infantry volunteers, a short time before he was killed.

Major Wm. C. Parker, company D, 1st Missouri cavalry volunteers, (Col. Gates' regiment), was killed at the battle of Franklin, Tennessee, November 30, 1864.

Capt. Dick Early, brother of Gen. Jubal Early, was wounded at the battle of Wilson's Creek, August 10, 1861, and afterward died from the effects of said wound, at Springfield, Missouri, in the fall of 1861.

Col. Aaron H. Conrow, was killed after the close of the war, in the year 1S65, in Mexico, by some of Juarez's guerrillas. He was a member of the Confederate congress, and represented the Fourth district of Missouri, embracing within its limits Ray county, from the commencement of the war of 1861 to the close of it.

Capt. James L. Farris, was captain of 2nd Missouri battery. He was elected county attorney of Ray county, in 1872, and was a member of the constitution convention of Missouri in 1875. At the election in 1876, he was elected a member of the lower branch of the legislature of Missouri, to represent Ray county.

Lieut. Robert Rives, company F, 3d Missouri infantry, was wounded at the battle of Lexington, Missouri, September 20, 1861, and afterward died in the state of Arkansas. He was a brother of Col. Benj. A. Rives.

George Rothrock, company D, 1st Missouri cavalry volunteers, died near Demopolis, Alabama, July 2, 1865, from disease contracted in the service.

Patrick Smith was wounded at the battle of Champion Hill, November 16, 1863, and was afterward killed at Allatoona, Georgia, October 5, 1864. He was a member of company C, 3d Missouri infantry.

Louis C. Bohannon was colonel in Gen. Price's army, state service, and Gen. Holmes' command, C. S. A. He enlisted June 1, 1861, and was discharged July, 1865, at Little Rock. He was in the battles of Carthage, Oak Hill, Lexington, Elk Horn, Independence, Lone Jack, Council Grove, Helena, and other engagements. West Point was the last. In the battle of Lone Jack he was wounded in the wrist, and also wounded in the right shoulder; a ball entered the right shoulder and came out at the left. He was never taken prisoner. He has represented Ray county three times in the Missouri legislature. He was elected in 1854, on the whig, or anti-Benton ticket, defeating ex-Gov. Austin A. King, by a few votes. In 1860 he was elected with Aaron H. Conrow, on an independent ticket, over various competitors. In 1878, he was elected to the legislature on the greenback ticket, defeating James L. Farris, the democratic candidate.

Capt. Robert J. Williams was captain of company A, Missouri volunteers, state service, and enlisted in December, 1861; afterward went into the Confederate service. He was sworn into the state service, along with his company, at Richmond, Missouri, Col. Reeves' regiment, 3d Missouri infantry volunteers. Afterward, at Springfield, Missouri, he and his company went into the Confederate service, for twelve months, and on the expiration of this term, he and company were sworn in for a term of three years, or during the war, at Camp Rogers, Mississippi. His company was the first one that made the movement for enlistment for the war. He was promoted to the rank of major, after being in the service a short time. His regiment (the 3d) was consolidated with the 5th Missouri regiment infantry, and was commanded by Col. James McCown,of Warrensburg, Missouri. He was in every battle in which his command was engaged but one. He was in Vicksburg forty-eight days and nights. He went into Vicksburg with over forty men, and came out with only fifteen men fit for duty, after the surrender. He still has the old mule that he had in the siege of Vicksburg. He was wounded, through his hip, in the battle of Allatoona, Georgia, and suffered intensely for weeks. He commanded a regiment after he was wounded, when he could not get on his horse without help. He was discharged from service May 13,1865.

J. T. Craven was second sergeant in company H, Capt. Jack Patten's company, Elijah Gates' regiment, Gen. Cockrell's brigade. He enlisted September 6, 1861, at Howard's Mill, in Nodaway county, Missouri, and was discharged at the close of the war. He was in the battles of Blue Mills, Lexington, and Pea Ridge. His command was then transferred to East Mississippi, and he was afterward engaged in the battles of Farmington, Corinth, Iuka, second Corinth, Grand Gulf, Bogler's Creek, Black River Bridge, Vicksburg, Rome, Georgia, Kenesaw Mountain, and Peach-tree Creek. He was wounded at the second battle of Corinth, and subse- quently at Peach-tree Creek. The last wound was through the left wrist, and greatly disabled him. He was taken prisoner at the Vicksburg surrender, held about seven months, and exchanged.

William S. Boon was a fifth sergeant in General Little's command. He enlisted December 7, 1861, and was discharged in May, 1865. He was in the battles of Pea Ridge, Farmington, Iuka, Corinth, Fort Gibson, Bogler's Creek, Big Black River Bridge, and Vicksburg. He was wounded at Vicksburg, in right arm, May 22, 1863. He was also wounded at the battle of Kenesaw Mountain, in his left arm, causing the loss of his said left arm, June 20, 1864. He was taken prisoner July 4, 1863, at Vicksburg. He also received several slight wounds besides those above mentioned. Since coming out of the service he has been constable of Richmond township, Ray county, Missouri.

James M. Aken was a private in company A, commanded by Capt. Robert J. Williams, Col. B. A. Rives' regiment, 3d Missouri infantry. He enlisted November, 1863, and was discharged March, 1864. He was in the battles of Wilson's Creek, Boston Mountain, and Cross Hollow.

John H. Moffitt was a private in Colonel Slayback's regiment, Missouri volunteers, under Gen. Sterling Price's command. He enlisted in Nodaway county, in 1861. He was in battles of Blue Mills and Lexington. He was stricken down with measles in 1862, and was discharged the same year.

William Duval was first lieutenant in Capt. McDowell's company, C, Col. A. B. Rives' regiment, 3d Missouri infantry volunteers, the same company in which his two brothers, Henderson and Thomas, served. He enlisted on or about December 10, 1861, and was in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged up to the time of his death. He was killed at the battle of Corinth, Mississippi, October 3, 1S62. William, Thomas and Henderson Duval were sons of Rev. James Duval, of this county. They were brave and gallant soldiers, and were greatly endeared to the soldiers of their command.

Henderson Duval was a private in Capt. Kelsy McDowell's company, C, in 3d regiment, Missouri infantry, commanded by Col. B. A. Rives. He enlisted in his company at the time of its organization in 1861, and was in all the principal battles in which his regiment was engaged up to the time of his death, in the battle at Baker's Creek, Mississippi, May 16, 1863. He was in every respect a faithful soldier.

Thomas Duval was a private in Capt. Kelsy McDowell's company, C, in 3d regiment Missouri infantry, commanded by Col. B. A. Rives. He enlisted in his company at the time of its organization, in 1861, and was in all the principal battles in which his regiment was engaged up to the time he was mortally wounded, at the battle of Baker's Creek, Mississippi, May 16, 1863. He was a true and faithful soldier. He was brother

H. S. Trigg was an orderly sergeant in Col. Sterling Price's command, Gen. Slack's division. He enlisted in 1861; was in the battles of Carthage, Wilson's Creek, and Lexington. In the battle of Wilson's Creek he was taken prisoner, but made his escape in about fifteen minutes after he was captured. Parson's command was so close on the Federals that they had no time to look after prisoners. He was taken sick at the battle of Lexington, and could not go south with his command after battle.

James Hall was a private in company C, Shank's regiment, from Jackson county, Missouri, under General Shelby. Company C was commanded by Captain Franklin. He enlisted October 16, 1864, and was discharged March 28, 1S65. He was in the Westport, Fort Scott, and Newtonia fights. He was left on the road sick, once, but was never wounded or taken prisoner.

Robert T. Cowsert, was a private in company C, Third Missouri infantry. He enlisted December 10, 1861, and died in the service February 4, 1862.

J. H. Titus was a sergeant in General Price's command. He enlisted in September, 1864, and was discharged May, 1865. He»was in the battles oi Lexington, Pea Ridge, Corinth Farmington, Iuka, second battle of Corinth, and Grand Gulf. He was wounded in the battle of Grand Gulf, April 29, 1863. He was taken prisoner at Port Gibson, May 2, 1863, while in hospital, and paroled, and afterward rejoined his command at Demopolis, Alabama, and remained there the most of the fall of 1863. In the spring of 1864 he was detailed to do duty in commissary department, and remained there until the close of the war.

C. N. Palmer was a surgeon in General Sterling Price's command. He enlisted in 1861, and resigned in 1863. He was in the battles of Wilson's Creek, Lexington, Pea Ridge, Shiloh, Seven Pines, Chickahominie, seven days' battles near Richmond, Virginia. He was taken prisoner several times during the time he was in service, but was released at once.

Fletcher Graham was a private in company C, Second regiment Missoury infantry, commanded by Colonel Benjamin A. Rives. Company C was commanded by Captain Kelsey McDowell. He enlisted at Springfield, Missouri, in 1861, and was discharged at Van Buren, Arkansas, June, 1862. He was in the battle of Pea Ridge or Elk Horn. He was wounded in this battle, losing an eye, and shot through the thigh, from the effects of which wound he is still disabled from the performance of any business which requires active exertion.

R. R. Sumnermann was a private in Gen. Shelby's command. He enlisted in October, 1864, and was discharged June, 1865. He was in various engagements.

W. H. Flournoy was a private in General Parsons' brigade. He enlisted the spring of 1862, and was discharged June, 1865. He was in various engagements during the war.

Q. M. Baber was second lieutenant in company A, Third regiment Missouri volunteers. He enlisted December 9, 1861, and was discharged June 20, 1862. He was in the battles of Pea Ridge and Farmington. He was in Mexico one year during the war. After his return to Ray county, June 4, 1865, he has followed the business of farming near Richmond, and has been quite a. successful farmer. He is a prominent man among the grangers of Ray county.

Henry Renfro was a private in company C, 3d Missouri regiment, infantry. He enlisted December 10, 1861, and was discharged June 26. 1865. He was in the battles of Iuka, Corinth, Grand Gulf, Port Gibson, Big Black, Champion Hills, and Vicksburg. He was wounded at Vicksburg, Mississippi, May 20, 1863. He was taken prisoner at Springfield, Missouri, February 12, 1862, and taken prisoner at Vicksburg, Jul)- 4, 1863.

G. W. Montgomery was a private in Capt. R. J. Williams' company, 1st brigade. He enlisted in 1861, and was discharged March 20, 1862, He was in the. battles of Springfield or Oak Hills, Dry Wood Creek, Lexington, Pea Ridge. He was wounded in the battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, March 8, 1862, and was taken prisoner on the road from Pea Ridge to Van Buren, Arkansas.

Wm. B. Parker was a private in Gen. Price's command, and also a portion of the time he served in the command of Kirby Smith. He enlisted June, 1862, and was discharged May, 1865. He was in the battles of Prairie Grove, Helena, Little Rock, Mansfield, Pleasant Hill, and Saline river.

Marion M. Crithfield was a private in company H, Col. Hindman's regiment, 11th Missouri infantry. Company H was commanded by Capt. John P. Dusenberry. He enlisted October, 1862, and was discharged 1865. He was in the battles of Prairie Grove, Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, Jenkins' Ferry, and Helena. He was wounded at Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, but not severely* Was sick for some time at Clarksville, with a severe attack of measles.

T. J. Davis and B. F. Davis, were lieutenant and captain respectively, in the command of General Sterling Price. They enlisted in June, 1861, and were discharged June 1865. They were in the battles of Carthage, Oak Hill, Lexington, Elk Horn, Helena, Cane Hill and Little Rock.

N. A. Lentz was a private in Gen. Parsons' command. He enlisted June, 1S61, and was discharged June, 1865. He was in the battles of Oak Hill, Elk Horn, Mansfield, and was in some other minor engagements. He was never wounded or taken prisoner.

A. Thompson was a private in Gen. Price's command, and was discharged in the fall of 1861. He was in the battles of Carthage, Wilson's Creek and Dry Wood.

J. F. Duval was a private in company C, first Missouri brigade, first division. He enlisted June, 1861, and was discharged April, 1865. He was in the following battles: Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Lexington, Pea Ridge, in Missouri; Iuka, Corinth, Grand Gulf, Port Gibson, Champion Hills, Big. Black, Vicksburg siege, in Mississippi ;^and in all battles in the Georgia campaign from Dalton to Atlanta. Not seriously wounded in any of these engagements. He was taken prisoner at Vicksburg; surrendered with second Missouri battery, Captain James L. Farns commanding at Gainesville, Alabama, April 20, 1865.

W. M. Quarles was a lieutenant and ensign bearer. He enlisted May 10, 1861, and was discharged May 10, 1865. He was in the battles of Carthage, Lexington, Springfield, Pea Ridge, Corinth, Iuka, Vicksburg, Champion Hills, Allatoona, Atlanta, Lovejoy Station, Fort Blakely, Grand Gulf, Port Gibson and Big Black. He was taken prisoner at Vicksburg, on the 4th day of July, 1863; also taken prisoner at Fort Blakely, April 9, 1865. Never received any serious wounds, only slight ones, in his long service.

A. J. Greenawalt was a private in General Sterling Price's army. He enlisted in 1861, and was taken prisoner at Pea Ridge, and afterward exchanged at Vicksburg. While in the service he was wounded twice slightly.

F. J. Walker was a private in General Price's army. He enlisted December 10, 1861, and was discharged May 4, 1865. He was in the battles of Elk Horn, Corinth, Springfield, Corinth, Iuka, Baker's Creek, Grand Gulf, Franklin, Tennessee, Farmington, campaign of Georgia, and other minor engagements. He was wounded at Corinth, Mississippi, October, 1862. He was never taken prisoner.

Joel S. Petty was a private in company D, 1st Missouri cavalry, under Captain Parker, James Adams' regiment, commanded by Colonel Elijah Gates. He enlisted in December, 1861, and was in the battles of Pea Ridge, Corinth, Mississippi, Iuka, second Corinth, Champion Hills, Big Black river. He was captured at Black river, and was taken as prisoner to Point Lookout, Maryland, where he was kept eight and one-half months, when he took the oath of allegiance and returned home, then went to the plains for five vears, then returned to his native place, where he now lives.

J. W. Asbury was a private in 3d regiment Missouri infantry volunteers, commanded by Colonel Rives, and was discharged in August, 1865. He was in the battles of Pea Ridge, Corinth, Mansfield, Jenkins' Ferry,

Reuben Shelton was a private in company G, 1st Missouri volunteer infantry. He enlisted in September, 1861, and was in the battles of Lexington and Pea Ridge, and in numerous skirmishes in Missouri and Arkansas. He was wounded atcPea Ridge, in the right shoulder, by a spent ball. He was taken prisoner near Springfield, Missouri, and then took the oath of allegiance.

Toliver Wood was a private of company C, 26th regiment, Tennessee cavalry; company was commanded by Captain E. Allen, and the regiment by Colonel J. M. Lillard. He enlisted in June, 1861, and was in the battle of Chickamauga, and numerous skirmishes in Tennessee and Virginia.

Bartlett Sisk was a corporal in company A, 3d Missouri volunteer infantry, commanded by Colonel B. A. Rives. He enlisted December 27, 1861, and was in the battles of Pea Ridge, first and second Corinth, Iuka, Grand Gulf, Port Gibson, and in numerous skirmishes in Arkansas and Mississippi. He was wounded at Port Gibson, May 1, 1863, losing his right arm just below the elbow. He was paroled at Grenada, Mississippi, after the surrender in May, 1865, and returned to Ray county in October, 1865.

J. O. Kilgore was a private in company A, 2d Arkansas volunteer cavalry, commanded by J. Phelps. He enlisted in July, 1863, and was discharged November 17, 1865. He was in Price's last raid in Missouri and Arkansas. He served over two years.

James Burns was a private in company A, 3d regiment, Missouri volunteer infantry, Confederate army. He was in the battles of Wilson's Creek and Lone Jack, August 16, 1862. He lost his right arm at the battle of Wilson's Creek, August 10, 1861. He was discharged in 1863.

Thomas J. Leake was a private in the 2d Missouri light artillery, General Dick Taylor's division. He enlisted December 9, 1861, and was in the battles of Pea Ridge, Corinth, Mississippi; second battle of Corinth, Thompson Station, Dalton, Georgia, Atlanta, Tennessee river, Elliott's marine fleet, Jackson, Mississippi; Fort Pillow and numerous skirmishes. He surrendered at the close of the war.

M. G. Taylor was second lieutenant in company D, 1st regiment Missouri infantry. He enlisted December, 1861, and was in the battle of Pea Ridge, and was discharged in June, 1862, in Mississippi.

Edward T. Dorton was a private and sergeant in Captain James Hobb's company, Colonel David McRea's regiment, Confederate army. He enlisted June 17, 1861, in company A, 15th Arkansas infantry; after the surrender at Vicksburg, mounted infantry. He was in the battles of Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge, Iuka, and numerous skirmishes. He was cap tured at Iuka, and sent to Camp Douglas, Chicago. He was also captured at Walnut Grove, Arkansas, but escaped. He was discharged April 12, 1865.

Henry C. Perdue was a private in company A, Colonel Reeves' regiment. He enlisted in April, 1861, and was in the battles of Carthage, July 5, 1861, and Wilson's Creek, August 10,1861. He was captured and imprisoned in the jail at Lexington, Missouri, and was paroled a few days thereafter. He was discharged in January, 1862.

M. S. Leforgee was a private in company C, 2d Kentucky battalion, mounted rifles, under Colonel Tom Johnson, Confederate army. He enlisted September, 1862, and was in the battles of Louisa, Kentucky, Cave Gap, King's Saltworks, Chickamauga, McMinnville, Tennessee; Anderson's Cross Roads, Cumberland, Tennessee; Charleston, Mount Sterling, Kentucky, Smithville, and in numerous skirmishes. He was discharged May 3, 1865.

Thomas Elder was a private in company C, 3d Missouri infantry, General Sterling Price's army. He enlisted November, 1861. He was in the second battle of Corinth, Port Gibson, Baker's Creek, Big Black, Vicksburg, in the campaign through Georgia, and at Johnson's surrender. He was wounded at Kenesaw Mountain, June, 1864. He was taken prisoner at Springfield, Missouri, and was confined at Alton, Illinois, about seven months, and was exchanged at Vicksburg, August, 1863.

Isaac M. Riffe was orderly sergeant in company A, 4th Missouri infantry. He enlisted in June, 1861, and was in the battles of Carthage, Dry Wood, Lexington, Pea Ridge, Wilson Creek, Corinth, first and second fight, and numerous skirmishes. He was wounded in the left hand at Pea Ridge, March 8, 1862, and was taken prisoner by Captain A. Allen, and released on parole. He forfeited his parole, and returned to the Confederate army.

Samuel H. Long was a private in company C, 3d regiment, 1st brigade, Missouri infantry, General Price's army. He enlisted December 20, 1861. He was in the battles of Elk Horn, Corinth, Magnolia Hills, Baker's Creek, and Vicksburg. He was taken prisoner at Vicksburg, and soon after paroled.

Joseph Thomas Mulligan was a private in the Confederate army. He enlisted in 1863, and was killed at the battle of Champion Hill, May 16, 1863.

Turner Elder was a private in General Shelby's command. He enlisted in the fall of 1862. He was in the battle of Mansfield, and was wounded in that engagement. He was discharged when General Price surrendered.