Gage County, Nebraska - Chapter 31: People Who Have Done Their Part in Making Gage County, 1918 (part 22 of 29)

WEITJE G. COOPER owns and resides upon a fine farm estate of three hundred and twenty acres, and his attractive home is in Section 36, Nemaha township. He .is essentially one of the representative agriculturists and stock-growers of this part of the county and has given special attention to the breeding and feeding of live stock for the market.

Mr. Cooper was born in Atchison county, Missouri, on the 4th of March, 1874, and is a son of Gerd and Rixtie (Harms) Cooper, of whose thirteen children three died in infancy. Concerning the other children the following brief data are available : John is deceased , Thomas is a resident of Atchison county, Missouri ; Mrs. Tillie Bowers lives in the vicinity of Filley, Gage county, Nebraska; Herman is deceased; Eilert remains in Atchison county, Missouri; Weitje G., of this review, was the next in order of birth; Heibie is the wife of J. Heyen, a farmer near Filley, this county; John resides in Atchison county, Missouri; George maintains his home in Gage county, Nebraska ; and Rosa is deceased.

Gerd Cooper, father of him whose name introduces this review, was born in Straukhault, Germany, on the 13th of January, 1837, and in his native land he was identified with farm enterprise until, as a young man, he immigrated to the United States and settled in Johnson county, Nebraska, in the early pioneer days. Later he removed to Atchison county, Missouri, where he passed the remained of his life, his death having occurred June 13, 1907. A man of energy and ability, he achieved definite success and at the time of his death he was the owner of a large and valuable landed estate. On the 14th of March, 1861, was solemnized the marriage of Gerd CoOper to Miss Rixtie Harms, who was born in Hanover, Germany, February 28, 1844, and who survived her husband by a period of seven years, she having been summoned to the life eternal on the 12th of June, 1914.

tages of the public schools. He remained at the parental home until 1895, when he began farming on his own account, in which enterprise he rented land from his father, in Atchison county, Missouri. There he continued his activities until 1905, when he came tO' Nebraska and purchased two hundred and fortyacres of partially improved land in Gage county. He is now the owner of three hundred and twenty acres, showing that he had added to his original holdings in Nemaha township, and in the developing and improving of this valuable farm estate he has shown splendid enterprise and progressiveness. In 1915 he erected his present handsome farm house, which contains nine rooms and which is modern in architectural design, as well as in all appointments and equipments. The house is heated by furnace, has circulating hot and cold water, and is supplied with its own system of lighting, by acetylene gas.

March 4, 1895, recorded the marriage of Mr. Cooper to Miss Anna Heyen, who likewise is a native of Atchison county, Missouri, where she was born October 1, 1873. She is a daughter of Heye J. and Gobke (Heyen) Heyen. Mr. and Mrs. Cooper have four children, - Heiko, Frank, Freda and John.

In politics Mr. Cooper gives his allegiance to the Democratic party and in his civic relations he is liberal and public-spirited. He is now serving as a member of the school board of his district, and he and his wife are commuicants of the German Lutheran church.

HERMAN WEIBE has been a resident of Gage county since 1894 and is a brother of Gerhard Weibe, of whom specific mention is made on other pages, with adequate review of the family history. Mr. Weibe is the owner of a fine farm property in Midland township and is a substantial and honored citizen who well merits recognition in this history. He was born in the province of. Danzig, Prussia, February 3, 1850, and acquired his early education in the schools of the city of Danzig. He accompanied his parents on their removal to Russia, and there he was identified with the general merchandise business for a quarter of a ce^tur)^ In this enterprise he was associated with his brother Gerhard and he came to Nebraska in 1894. In 1896 he purchased his present finely improved farm estate, of two hundred and eighty acres, where he is living virtually retired, his sons having the active management of the farm, which they rent. Unqualified success has attended the activities of Mr. Weibe as one of the progressive exponents of farm industry in this county, and he has given his attention to diversified agriculture and stock-growing, besides having developed a prosperous dairy enterprise, with a fine herd of Holstein cows. He has erected modern buildings on his farm and the attractive home is one of the model rural residences of the county. In political matters he is independent, and he and his family are active members of the Mennonite church.

In 1875 Mr. Weibe married Miss Wilhelmina'Hein, and she died in Russia, in 1882, the two sur\'iving children being John, who is associated in the management of the home farm, and Mary, who is the wife of Franz Albrecht, a farmer residing eight miles west of Beatrice. In 1885 Mr. Weibe contracted a second marriage, when Miss Gertrude Epp became his wife, she likewise having been born in Germany. Of the children of this union brief record is given in conclusion of this article: Herman is a successful school-teacher in the fine Mennonite institution known as Bethel College, at Newton, Kansas, his education having included courses in the University of Nebraska, the University of Wisconsin and the University of Illinois ; Jacob is one of the lessees of his father's farm property ; Gertrude is the wife of Aaron Claassen, a farmer ten miles south of Beatrice; Elizabeth remains at the parental home; William and Ernest are associated in the operation of the home farm ; and Helena and Katie likewise are at home, though both are, in 1918, students in the Beatrice high school.

FRANK M. BARMORE. - One of the early settlers of Gage county, and one who was numbered among the most respected and honored citizens of the community in which he lived was Frank M. Barmore. Mr. Barmore was bom at Buchanan, Berrien county, Michigan, on the 11th of September, 1862, and was a son of Horace C. and Mary (Curtis) Barmore. Horace C. Barmore was born in New York state, in December, 1829, and moved to Michigan when a young man. There, in the pioneer days, he worked in the making of potash. In 1859 was recorded the marriage of Horace C. Barmore and Mary Curtis, of Michigan, and to this union were born six children: Carrie B. resides in the city ol Chicago; Frank M. is the subject of this memoir; William A. is a resident of Texas; Charles E. and Walter H. live in Gage county, Nebraska, as does also Florence, who is the wife of Perry Disher. In the fall of 1863, Horace C. Barmore started west and he and his family arrived in Gage county, Nebraska, on December 4th of that year. He took a homestead in Section 33, Adams township, and lived on the place a number of years. His death occurred at Adams, in 1889. At one time Mr. Barmore was engaged in freighting across the plains from Nebraska City to Fort Kearney. His widow survived him by many years, and passed away in 1911. Her father came to Gage county, Nebraska, in 1860, and here he took a homestead, besides which he built the first house ever erected in the town of Adams, this county. He passed to the life eternal in 1876.

Frank M. Barmore was united in marriage September 9, 1886, to Miss Mollie O. Bryson, a daughter of Silas and Clarinda (Young) Bryson, of whom a record will be found on other pages of this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Barmore became the parents of three sons and five daughters, as follows : Melvin C, of Adams, this county ; John W., of Chicago ; Mrs. Ray Braddock, of Filley, Gage county; Mrs. Clay Campbell, of ' Lincoln, Nebraska ; and Irene, Eunice, Lora and Eugene, at home with the widowed mother. The husband and father passed away on the 1st of March, 1916. The following extract is taken from a notice which appeared in the Adams paper at the time of Mr. Barmore's death: "Frank M. Barmore was born in Buchanan, Berrien county, Michigan, September 11, 1862. The following fall he was brought by his parents to this vicinity, then a part of Nebraska Territory, reaching the Nemaha, December 4, 1863. His boyhood was spent on the family homestead southwest of Adams, where he grew to manhood, getting his schooling in books in the district school, and in the sterner school of work and experience he studied on his father's farm, where he and his younger brother Will, much earlier than most boys, shouldered a large share of the men's work and responsibility, because of a lame father, who was unable to follow a team or do many of the other tasks on a farm. He was married September 9, 1886, to Miss Mollie C. Bryson, who had been a girlhood friend and schoolmate. In this neighborhood they built a home, which was ever a bright center of love and confidence to the family and of cheery hospitality to friends and acquaintances. Mr. Barmore belonged to the Methodist Episcopal church of which he was ever a faithful and consistent member. His faith in Christ cheered and sustaiued him, and remained bright and clear as his physical powers failed. His death brings deep sorrow not only to the family group but also to a wide circle of friends, many of whom have known him from boyhood, and none knew him but to esteem him more highly as the years passed by. He was one of nature's noblemen in the truest sense, - brave, generous, manly, his was the soul of honor and his friends and friendships were sacred to him."

Mrs. Barmore makes her home in the community where she was born and reared and where she and her husband spent most of the years of their married life.

OTIS B. HEFFELFINGER. - Of the business men and farmers in Gage county none is more worthy of consideration in this history than Otis B. Heffelfinger, business man, and live-stock dealer. Mr. Heffelfinger was born in Whiteside county, Illinois, on January 5, 1881, a son of Bell M. and Louise (Wagner) Hefifelfinger, of whom a record will be found in other pages of this volume. (See sketch of Ray C. Heffelfinger) . The subject of this review came to Nebraska with his parents in 1887, at the age of six years. Their first home in the west was at Grand Island. Nebraska, and later in Adams county, where they remained only a short time before coming to Beatrice. Mr. Heffelfinger received his education in the public schools of Beatrice, and thereafter he was associated with his father in meat-market enterprise, and also in farming and stock-raising until his father's death. Since that time he has conducted the farming and stock business on his own account, and he is associated with H. L. Goble in the meatmarket business in the city of Beatrice, where they do a large business in both wholesale and retail lines. Near the city of Beatrice, Mr. Heffelfinger is the owner of a small tract of land, where he has his home, and where he conducts his live-stock activities. He feeds each year a large number of both cattle and hogs for the market, and is making a great success of his chosen occupation. The meat market is conducted under the firm name of Goble & Heffelfinger.

On January 15, 1901, Mr. Heffelfinger was united in marriage to Miss Effie Veon a daughter of John and Hulda (Burner) Veon, of Beatrice, Nebraska, and to this union have been born six children, - Gussie L., Robert L., Marion B., Belle M., Harold E., and Ruth E. - all of whom are at the parental home.

Mrs. Heffelfinger has three brothers and one sister, as follows : John, of Oxford, Nebraska ; Henry, and Russell, both of Beatrice ; and Laura, wife of Herbert Palmer, of Beatrice.

In politics Mr. Heffelfinger is a Republican, but he has never sought public office, preferring to give his whole time and attention to his business. Mr. and Mrs. Heffelfinger have a beautiful little home in the south part of the city of Beatrice and have hosts of friends in the community in which they live.

ALBERT BEDNAR. - In 1876, the year that marked the centennial of the national independence of the United States, Albert Bednar and his wife numbered themselves among the pioneer settlers of Nebraska. They first located temporarily near Wilber, the county seat of Saline county, and in the spring ot 1880 established themselves on an embryonic farm near the town of Wymore, Gage county - on what had but recently been a part of the Otoe and Missouri Indian reservation. Here Mr. Bednar, with the help of his wife and family, reclaimed from the untrammeled prairie a fertile farm. Not a furrow had been turned on the land and no improvements of any kind had been made. The coyote and the Indian were the only habitues It was truly virgin soil.

Undaunted by the prospects, Mr. Bednar, with a yoke of oxen and a breaking plow broke sod, built a sod house for his family, and then turned vigorously to the reclaiming and cultivation of his pioneer farm. He soon came to be one of the representative exponents of agricultural industry in his community. His energy and good management brought to him a generous measure of success in his passing years. Through his well directed activities he eventually not only accumulated a large and valuable landed estate in Gage county, but in all of the relations of life he so ordered his course as to merit and receive the unqualified confidence and good will of his fellow men. He contributed his full share to the civic and industrial development of the county ; took a loyal interest in all matters touching its communal welfare, but never sought or desired public office. In his political views he was non-partisan. His early religious faith was that of the Catholic church, but on Coming to America he did not affiliate with any church.

Albert Bednar was born April 23, 1837, in Pistina, Bohemia. By trade he was a skilled cabinetmaker. He was actively engaged in his vocation while in Bohemia, but after coming to America he devoted almost his entire time to farming and stock-raising. In August, 1863, was solemnized his marriage to Johanna Peroutka. It was a matter of great gratification to Mr. Bednar that he lived to celebrate his golden wedding anniversary, an occasion on which the children, grandchildren,

In 1908 this honored pioneer, having already accumulated a competency, his health failing him, left, though somewhat reluctantly, the farm in Sicily township that had been the home for over a quarter of a century - the farm which by his labor he had converted from raw prairie into fertile fields, the farm where he had witnessed his children grow to manhood and womanhood - and removed to the village of Odell. Here were spent the closing years of his life and on the 21st day of September, 1914, he passed avvay - a man who had accounted well for himself to the world in which he lived and labored to goodly ends. He is buried in the Odell cemetery.

His widow, Mrs. Johanna Bednar, now venerable in years, was born in Hatina, Bohemia, in 1840. Since the death of her husband she makes her home with one of their sons, Peter Bednar, near Barneston, Nebraska. To her thrift, industry, and undaunted courage much credit is due for her husband's success and prosperity. With a family of six little children she braved the perils of an ocean voyage from the old world to the new, and endured the many subsequent hardships incident to pioneer life. Her's is the distinction of being the mother of ten children, nine of whom she reared to manhood and womenhood. Felix, a son, died in infancy, in November, 1876, and is buried in Saline county ; Lillie died September 28, 1891 ; Theresa, who later became the wife of Frank Zaribnicky, died March 10, 1894; Frances, later Mrs. Vincent Marek, died February 26, 1917; Ferdinand, the oldest member of the family, is a prosperous farmer in Sicily township ; Mary, the widow of Milton Prebyl, resides on her farm near Barneston, Nebraska; Carrie is the wife of Joseph Krotz, of whom individual mention is made on other pages of this work; Peter is a substantial farmer near Barneston, Nebraska ; and Emanuel is similarly engaged near Wymore, Nebraska. James E. is engaged in the practice of law in the city of Omaha, and is individually mentioned on other pages of this volume.

WILLIAM N. REVIS. - While not a native born Nebraskan, Mr. Revis says that in all his life he never tilled better land than can be found in Gage county. After a residence of one year in Lancaster county, he came to Adams township. Gage county. The work of subduing the prairies was so hard and the food so scarce this first summer that Mr. Revis gave out completely. He continued his stay in Gage county eight years, then he returned to Illinois. He was born in Montgomery county, Illinois, October 9, 1855, a son of Ewen and Jane (Greer) Revis. Ewen Revis was bom in Kentucky and went to Illinois with his parents with horses and rude wagon, the wheels, which were hewn from the trunk of a tree. As a farmer he aided in opening the way for future generations. His death occurred in 1877. His wife, Jane (Greer) Revis, likewise was bom in Kentucky and her parents were pioneer settlers in the state that reared Abraham Lincoln. She passed away in 1876.

After his first experience in Nebraska, William Revis remained for three years in the state that had been his boyhood home, but he then decided that Gage county, Nebraska, offered the best opportunities for farming.

November 28, 1878, he married Chloe B. Ellis, who was bom December 30, 1860, in Montgomery county, Illinois. Her parents, Jeremiah and Henrietta (Holcombe) Ellis, were bom in New York and Ohio respectively, and after coming to Illinois they there remained until 1881, when they came to Gage county, Nebraska. Here they purchased land for six dollars an acre. They continued their farming operations all of their life. After their death, Mrs. Revis inherited forty acres of the Revis farm, located in Section 5, Adams township.

The following named children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Revis: Ethel Ann died in infancy; Berge is living at home; Emery is living in Nemaha township, this county; Bertha is the wife of Edgar Sims, and they reside in Wright county, Iowa; Earl lives in Adams township; and Jane is at home with her parents.

In politics Mr. Revis is a Democrat, but he is prone to cast an independent vote, preferring men and measures to strict party lines. He and his wife attend the Baptist church, which has their liberal support.

CHARLES S. CURRY, M. D. - One of the younger members of the medical profession in the city of Beatrice is the subject of this sketch, Dr. Charles Samuel Curry. Dr. Curry was born in the village of Clayton, Adams county, Illinois on the 30th day of July, 1873. He is a son of Benjamin A. and Lucy (Hopkins) Curry, both of English descent. His father was born in Kentucky in 1825 and in 1837 he was taken by his parents to Illinois. The family was amongst the earliest settlers of Adams county and was well connected and highly respected.

Benjamin A. Curry obtained title to a considerable tract of land in the immediate vicinity of Clayton, his patent to a portion of it being signed by Franklin Pierce, president of the United States. At the time of his death, which occurred on the 29th day of June, 1915, when he was just closing his ninetieth year, he was one of the wealthy farmers of Adams county. Doctor Curry's mother, Lucy (Hopkins) Curry, was born in the state of Ohio, in 1840. She was a woman of great refinement. She was reared in the state of Illinois and became the wife of Benjamin A. Curry in 1858. She died in 1881, at the age of forty-one years, and when her son Charles S. was in the eighth year of his age.

Six children were the fruit of this marriage, ^- four daughters and two sons. The- daughters are Mrs. Linnie A. Wilson and Mrs. Dora A. Cain, both of Clayton, Illinois; Mrs. Nellie P. Potter, of Chicago, Illinois; and Mrs. Carrie A. Andrews, of Kansas City, Missouri. The sons are Edgar T. Clayton, the leading hardware merchant of Clayton, and Dr. Charles Samuel Curry, of Beatrice.

Dr. Curry was brought upon his father's farm and learned the occupation of a farmer. In the schools of his native village he obtained a good education, and was graduated in the high school in 1890. He then conceived the idea of entering upon a business life and accepted employment in connection with a string of dry-goods stores owned by his uncle, A. C. Majors, at Chillicothe, Missouri, Herrington, Kansas, and Hennessey, Oklahoma - in each of which he remained six months.

In the autumn of 1896 Dr. Curry entered classical Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, from which institution he graduated in 1900. Almost immediately he located at Beatrice in the practice of his profession and here he has since been engaged constantly in that useful and benevolent calling.

After locating in Beatrice, August 6, 1900, he returned to Illinois, in November of that year, and was united in marriage to Miss Ada Willa Hiles, an accomplished and very amiable young lady. Through many excellent qualities of heart and great worth of character they have made for themselves a large place in the social life of the city of Beatrice.

Dr. Curry is now well established in his professional work. He has a large and an increasing business. _ He is a member of the Gage County Medical Society, the Nebraska State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He is the local medical examiner for a number of life insurance companies including the Bankers' Life of Lincoln,. Nebraska, the Pacific Mutual of New York, the Union Central, the Phenix Mutual and the Metropolitan. He is also a member of the Gage county pension board and the county insanity commission. He is district surgeon for the Union Pacific Railway Company and a member of the local advisory board for the United States government.

Dr. Curry has a large and an increasing business and is much esteemed not only by the public at large but also by his professional brethren, which is the acid test of a physician's abilities and integrity of character.

JOHN F. STEINMEYER. - He whose name introduces this article is a member of a family whose name has been long and prominently identified with the activities of agricultural and live-stock industry in Gage county and adequate record concerning the family ap- pears on other pages, in connection with the review of the career of his honored father, Frederick Steinmeyer. In Clatonia township John F. Steinmeyer now rents from his father a fine farm of one hundred and fifty-two acres, and here he is vigorously and successfully carrying forward operations as an agriculturist and stock-raiser and as one of the representative fanners of the younger generation in his native township.

On the old homestead farm, in Section 28, Clatonia township, Mr. Steinmeyer was born March 10, 1880, and here he was reared to manhood under invigorating and benigant influences, in the meanwhile making good use of the advantages afforded in the local schools. He continued to be associated with his father in farm operations until 1901, and since that time he has conducted independent enterprise as a farmer, his unequivocal success attesting to the energy and good judgment which he has brought to bear. He has leased and operated his present farm since 1907 and in the meanwhile has made numerous, improvements on the place, including the erection of a modem house and bam, as well as corn cribs and other minor farm buildings. In the live-stock department of his farm enterprise he gives special attention to the raising of high-grade Poland-China swine. He is a Republican in his political proclivities and he and his wife hold membership in the German Methodist church.

Febmary 19, 1908, recorded the marriage of Mr. Steinmeyer to Mrs. Minnie (Strouckmeyer) Unbefunde, who was born in Highland township, this county, and who is a daughter of August and Catherine (Albert) Strouckmeyer. Her first husband was Frederick Unbefunde, who is survived by their two children. Alma and Emma, both of whom remain with their mother and both of whom are attending school.

FREDERICK W. WINTER, M. D., a representative physician at Wymore, was born September 28, 1852, and is a son of William and Wilhelmina (Fiegenbaum) Winter. William Winter was born at Eippe-Detmold, Germany, July 31, 1825, and came to the United

States in 1842. His wife was bom in Germany, July 27, 1833, and died March 19, 1917. After coming to America both families settled in Warren county, Missouri, where William Winter and Wilhelmina Fiegenbaum met for the first time ; shortly after their marriage they moved to Iowa.

William Winter was a soldier in the war with Mexico and was given government land in Iowa in consideration of his services. In 1857 he was ordained a minister of the German Methodist church, his first charge being at Rock Island, Illinois, and his last charge was at Davenport, Iowa, where he died February 21, 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Winter became the parents of nine children, of whom Dr. Fredrick W. is the eldest. Adolph Fiegenbaum, father of Mrs. William Winter, was born in Germany, December 17, 1792, and came to the United States in 1833, settling in Missouri. Later he removed to Garner, Iowa, and there his death occurred January 7, 1877. His wife, Christina Wilhelmina, was bom in Germany, in 1796, and died in Iowa, January 17, 1871.

Dr. Frederick W. Winter was educated at Muscatine, Iowa, where he was graduated in the high school as a member of the class of 1866. He was at one time superintendent of schools at Gamer, Iowa, a position he retained two years. He studied medicine in Iowa State Medical College and was graduated with the class of 1880. The same year he moved to Kansas and began the practice of medicine at Junction City, where he remained one year. In 1882 Dr. Winter came to Wymore, Nebraska, and here he has practiced his profession continuously from that year to the present time.

On October 26, 1885, Dr. Winter was united in marriage io Miss Lida P. Bennett, daughter of James Bennett, Jr. To this union were born five children, as follows, Ralph B., of Adams, this county ; Mary Irene, a teacher of schools at Casper, Wyoming; Wilhelm Waldo, Elsie Amelia, at home ; and Louis E., now in the United States army.

1840. He came to Wymore in 1882 and in 1884 was followed by his family. He was a brick mason and brick manufacturer, and he followed this business after coming tO' Nebraska. He assisted in erecting some of the first brick buildings in the city of Wymore. Mr. Bennett married Miss Eliza HoUenbeck, who was born November 12, 1839. They were the parents of four children, two of whom are living, - Lida, wife of Dr. Winter, of this review, and Frances B. Horham, a widow, living in Lincoln, Nebraska. Mr. Bennett died in May, 1897.

Dr. Winter is a Republican and he was for six years a member of the Wymore school board. He is a member of the Methodist church, is a Mason and belongs to several fraternal insurance societies. He is also a member of the Nebraska State- Homoeopathic Medical Society and the American Institute of Homoepathy. Dr. Winter has always enjoyed a large practice and is held in very high esteem in the community in which he lives.

IvEWIS D. LENGER was until recently the owner of one of the well improved and ably managed farms of his native county and became known as one of the aggressive and successful younger exponents of agricultural and live-stock industry in Midland township, which represented his place of residence from the time of his birth and in which he was a scion of a pioneer family that was here founded prior to the admission of Nebraska to statehood. Mr. Lenger was born on his father's old homestead farm, in Section 2, Midland township, on the 9th of July, 1880, and is a son of Herman B. and Charlotta Louise (Brand) Lenger, both of whom were born in Germany and both of whom were residents of Gage county at the time of their death. The marriage of the parents was solemnized in Warren county, Missouri, and in 1866 they came to Nebraska Territory and numbered themselves among the pioneer settlers of Gage county, the journey to the new home having been made with a wagon and a team of army mules, which outfit afforded transportation for the parents and their four children, as well as a small supply of household effects. With the funds which he had previously accumulated, Herman B. Lenger was enabled to make partial payment on a quarter-section of land which he here purchased for twelve hundred dollars, in Midland township, and later he added to his farm property by buying, for three hundred dollars, a relinquishment of a claim to an adjoining tract of one hundred and sixty acres. He reclaimed and improved a good farm, he and his wife endured their full quota of the hardships and trials incidental to pioneer life, but substantial prosperity eventually crowned their earnest endeavors, both having remained on the old homestead until their death. Of their ten children seven are living: Herman H. is a retired farmer residing in the village of Odell, this county; Lena M. is the wife of P. M. Roush and they reside on their well improved fruit farm, near Canyonville, Oregon; Lottie married J. B. Renard, of Odell, this county; Minnie C. is the wife of Samuel C. Gockley, a farmer and 'fruit-grower in the vicinity of Wenatchee, Chelan county, Washington; William J. owns one of the excellent farms of Gage county and there maintains his home, five miles west of the village of Pickrell ; John A. lives in the home of his brother William J.; and Lewis D., of this review, is the youngest of the number. The parents were zealous members of the Church of the Brethren and the father gave not only an acre of ground as a site for the church of this denomination in Midland township but also an equal amount for a cemetery, with stipulation that no charge should be made for interments in the same. He was a man of indomitable industry, of mature judgment and of those sterling principles that make for the highest type of citizenship, his political allegiance having been given ot the Republican party. He was a young man when he came to America, his parents having passed their entire lives in Germany. His wife's parents were pioneer settlers in Johnson county, Nebraska, and there both were killed by lightning while they were driving in a spring wagon, on their way from a visit to the parents of the subject of this sketch.

Lewis D. Lenger acquired his early education in the Mount OHve school, in District No. 11, Midland township, and he early became familiar with the varied details of. farm enterprise. In initiating his independent activities as an agriculturist and stock-grower he purchased a part of the farm of his brother Herman, and to the same he added until he had an admirably improved and valuable landed property of one hundred and eightysix acres, in Section 2, Midland township. He here gave his attention to diversified agriculture and the raising of good types of live stock, in which latter department he made a specialty of raising sheep and swine. He is imbued with the vital spirit of the west and is liberal and progressive as a citizen, his political support being given to the Republican party. He has not been ambitious for political activity or public office but has given effective service as a member of the. school board of his district. Both he and his wife are active members of the Church of the Brethren.

Januar)'^ 1, 1908, recorded the marriage of Mr. Lenger to Miss Willa Coonley, who was born in Beatrice, and reared on her father's farm near Pickrell, this county, where hei father, O. G. Coonley, is now living retired. Mr. and Mrs. Lenger have one child. Lea Louise, who was born December 22, 1911.

In December, 1917, Mr. Lenger sold his farm and moved to Beatrice. At the time of this writing he is manager of the Pickrell Live Stock Shipping Association, of Pickrell, this county.

WILLIAM W. WICK is a well-to-do farmer, and is fanning one hundred and sixty acres of land in Section 19, Sicily township. This land is the homestead of his parents, Andrew and Maria Elizabeth (Heimlich) Wick, who came to Gage county in 1883 and purchased this land, upon which they made their home until they were called to the life eternal. Andrew Wick was born in Baden, Germany, in 1834, and was a son of Sabastian Wick, who also was born in Germany, -and who came with his family to America. He settled in Ohio in 1835, and there he tilled the soil until 1863, when he removed to Indiana, where he again beguiled nature to yield her corn and wheat, and where he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives. Their son, Andrew, the father of William W. Wick, was a baby in arms when his parents immigrated to the United States, and in his early manhood he lived in Ohio where he married Maria Elizabeth Heimlich, who was born in that state, in 1836, a daughter of German emigrants who had first lived in Pennsylvania and then moved to Ohio, where they were farmers in Morrow county, and where they passed their last days.

Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Wick moved from Ohio in 1863 and settled near Bourbon, Indiana, on a farm of eighty acres. They bought sixty acres more of the fertile land, making in all one hundred and forty acres that they owned in Indiana. In 1883 they came to Sicily township. Gage county, Nebraska, and purchased the land which their son William W. now owns. For many years they lived on this homestead. Mr. Wick died in 1894 and his widow passed away in 1915, at the age of seventy-nine years. They were the parents of thirteen children, and those surviving have taken their places in the world, to enrich the communities in which they live: John and Charles are twins, the former residing in Kansas and the latter in Bourbon, Indiana ; Catherine is with her brother William, of this sketch ; Mary who is deceased, was the wife of M. Yowell, living in Oklahoma ; Lena is the wife of Henry Kelver, a retired farmer living in Plymouth, Indiana; Henry L. is a farmer east of Holmesville, Gage county ; Caroline is the wife of M. E. Kerr, a school teacher of Bourbon, Indiana; William W. is the subject of this review ; A. C. is a farmer in Elm township, this county ; Anna, is the wife of F. H. Kimmerling, a retired farmer of Beatrice; R. J. is a bachelor and lives with his brother William; Philip died in infancy; and M. A. is a farmer in Sicily township, this county.

William Wick was a lad of fifteen years when his parents came to Gage county and here he finished his education in the district schools. He has devoted his time exclusively to his farming interests. He is a member of tlie Lutheran church and votes the Democratic ticket. He has served as town clerk and is alive to the best interests of his community.

GEORGE L. ROE, M. D., who has for more than thirty years been engaged in the practice of his profession in Gage county, has maintained his residence in the city of Beatrice since 1886. Prior to this he had been a pioneer physician and surgeon at Odell, this county, where he had established his residence in 1S81. Dr. Roe served seventeen years as official physician and surgeon of Gage county and for an equal period as city physician of Beatrice. He held foi- twenty-four consecutive years a position as a member of the United States board of pension examinitig surgeons for Gage county, and at the expiration of this long period he resigned the pOst. The. Doctor holds membership in the Gage County Medical - Society, the Nebraska State Medical Society, and the American Medical Association.

Dr. George Lowry Roe was born in the state of Indiana, September 13, 1858, and is, a son of Samuel Lowry Roe and Mary Elizabeth (Henley) Roe, natives respectively- of Kentucky and Virginia. The parents pissed, the closing years of their lives in Adams county, Illinois, Samuel L. Roe having been a soldier of the Union in the Civil war.

Dr. Roe acquired his early education in Louisville, Kentucky, and Quincy, Illinois. In 1878 he was graduated in the Louisville Medical College, and after thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine he engaged in practice at Clayton, Illinois, where he remained until he came to Gage county, Nebraska, and engaged in practice as one of the pioneer physicians in the new town of Odell, his removal to Beatrice having occurred in 1886, as previously noted. The representative character of his clientage during the long intervening years best attests to his professional ability and personal popularity.

Dr. Roe has served as medical advisor and examiner of the official draft board of Gage county since the nation entered the great European war, and in May, 1918, he tendered his services to the government for professional identification with the military activities of the country in a more direct way. His only son is at the time of this writing serving as a soldier with the American expeditionary forces in France.

, Dr. Roe is a Democrat in politics, and is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. His wife, whose maiden name was Ida L. T}iompson, was born at Elkhorn, Wisconsin, and they have two children; Marie L. is the wife of Frederick Nichols, of Beatrice, and Samuel Lowry Roe, as previously stated, is a soldier with our national forces in France.

PERCY F. HEFFELFINGER. - One of j,the native sons of Gage county who has elected to remain within its borders and who is meeting with success in his occupation is Percy F. Heffelfinger, ,who operates a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in Midland township. He was bom in Beatrice, this county, June 3, 1892, and is a son of Bell M. and Louise Heffelfinger, whose record appears elsewhere in this volume.

In the acc[uirement of his early education, Percy F. Heffelfinger attended school in his native city. On January 4, 1909, Mr. Heffelfinger was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Ray, who likewise is a native of Gage county and who is a daughter of Ira and Millie (Ayers) Ray, natives of Illinois, who became residents of Gage county at an early date and owned and developed the farm which is now the home of their daughter Nellie (Mrs. Heffelfinger) . Mr. Ray passed away on this farm October 3, 1908, and his widow now resides in Lincoln. They became the parents of six children, of whom three are living: Nellie, wife of the subject of this sketch ; Edward D., a machinist, residing in the city of Lincoln ; and Fred, now a soldier in the national army, he being, at the time of this writing, stationed at Kelley Field, Texas. The three deceased children were Lou Emma, Lester and Allen Henry.

three children : Ray, Anita, and Erma Dean. Mr. Heffelfinger follows general farming, employing up-to-date methods, and is meeting with that success which comes as the result of industry and thoughtfully applied efforts. He is independent in politics. Mrs. Heffelfinger is a member of the Christian church at Beatrice.

' JOHN F. BOESIGER. - Among the many prosperous farmers in Nemaha township, Gage county, mention should be made of John F. Boesiger, agriculturist, grower of purebred shorthorn cattle, and owner of three hundred and sixty acres of well improved land, in Sections 11 and 12.

Mr. Boesiger was born February 5, 1877, in Lancaster county, Nebraska, and is a son of Frederich and Anna (Egger) Boesiger. The father was born in Switzerland, October 18, 1843, and the mother also was a native of Switzerland, v/here she was born March 18, 1852. Frederich Boesiger left his native country at the age of nineteen years and after his arrival in America he settled near Bloomington, Illinois, where he worked as a farm hand. He remained in Illinois until about 1871, when he came to Nebraska and settled in Lancaster county, where he still resides. When Mr. Boesiger first came to the state he purchased a small tract of land, and by careful management and economy he added to his holdings until he became the owner of two thousand six hundred acres of good agricultural land in Lancaster and Gage counties. This he divided among his children. He is also a stockholder in the Bank of Cortland, Gage county. He now makes his home with his youngest son.

Mr. and Mrs. Frederich Boesiger became the parents of twelve children, concerning whom brief record is here entered : David is a farmer in Nemaha township, Gage county; Mary is the wife of W. C. Luckey, of Princeton, Buda township, I^ancaster county; John F. is the subject of this review; Mrs. Fannie Loesing resides at Hickman, Lancaster county ; Rudolph lives in Lancaster county; Emma is the wife of George Hickman, a farmer in

Highland township. Gage county; Fred, Jr., is a farmer near Princeton, Lancaster county ; Ella is the wife of Fred Morimer, of Highland township, Gage county; George is "deceased ; William is living near Princeton, Lancaster county; and two children died in infancy. The wife and mother passed away June 8, 1916. She was a member of the Congregational church, as is also her husband, who is now venerable in years.

John F. Boesiger has always followed farming. He received his education in the district schools of Lancaster county and continued to assist his father on the farm until he was twenty-six years of age, when he became the owner of his present farm home, and began operations for himself. ' This farm he has greatly improved. In 1904 he erected a fine new house of eight rooms, a modem barn thirty-eight by forty feet in dimensions, and also a silo, thirty-six by nineteen feet in dimensions. He is a breeder of fine pure-bred cattle, feeds both cattle and hogs for the market, and has made a great success of his chosen occupation.

January 1, 1902, recorded the marriage of Mr. Boesiger to Miss Hannah Meyers, who was born in Lancaster county, this state, and who is a daughter of Henry and Sophia (Menke) Meyers. Mr. Meyers is now deceased and his widow continues to make her home in Lancaster county. Mr. and Mrs. Boesiger are the parents of three childem, Evelyn, Helen and Mildred, all at home.

In politics Mr. Boesiger is a Republican of independent proclivities and he usually casts his vote for the man rather than observing strict party lines. He is a member of Firth Lodge No. Forty-seven, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, at Firth, and the family are members of the Congregational church. In connection with this review are consistently given portraits of the parents of Mr. Boesiger.

WILLIAM MANGUS, whose death occurred in the year 1904, established his residence in Gage county in 1881 and became one of the successful farmers and highly honored citizens of Sherman township, where he Hved a righteous and productive Hfe and made for himself secure place in popular confidence and esteem. As one of the sterling pioneers of the county he is properly given a memorial tribute in this history.

A scion of a family that was founded in the historic Old Dominion in the colonial days, William. Mangus was born in Virginia, October 20, 1832, and in that fine old commonwealth his parents, Michael and Sarah (Showalter) Mangus, passed their entire lives, the father having been a farmer by vocation. Reared and educated in his native state, William Mangus gained in his youth such experience as to cause him naturally to turn to agricultural pursuits in initiating his independent career, and after his marriage he engaged in farming in Roanoke county, Virginia. When the Civil war was precipitated he was loyal to the cause of the Confederacy and, in 1862, he enlisted in Company E, Forty-second Virginia Infantrj', with which he served in the command of General Stonewall Jackson until the death of that gallant officer. He took part in the battles of Chancellorsville, McDowell Mountain, Middletown and Peterburg, and at the battle of the Wilderness he was so severely wounded that he was thereafter confined to the hospital for two months. He then rejoined his regiment, and while with the command in the Shenandoah valley he was captured by the enemy. He was held as a prisoner of war for three months, at the expiration of which his exchange was effected. An attaqk of typhoid fever made it impossible for him to join his regiment until the following year, and after recuperating he continued in active service until shortly before the fall of Petersburg, when he was honorably discharged, at the expiration of his term of enlistment. He continued his farm enterprise in Roanoke county until the close of the war and in 1866 he removed with his family to Macoupin county, Illinois, where he was similarly engaged for the ensuing four years. He then removed to Christian county, that state, where he continued his active association with farm enterprise until 1881, when he came with his family to Nebraska and settled in Gage county. At the rate of ten dollars an acre he purchased eighty acres of partially improved land in Sherman township, and his energy and ability brought to him large and substantial success during the passing years, as shown by the fact that at the time of his death he was the owner of a valuable landed estate of four hundred acres. He was a stalwart in the local ranks of the Democratic party and was influential in community affairs in his township, where he held minor official positions, including that, of school director.

November 6, 1859, recorded the marriage of Mr. Mangus to Miss Catherine Garst, who was bom in Roanoke county, Virginia, December 9, 1840, and who survived him by more than a decade, she having been one of the revered pioneer women of Gage county at the time when she was summoned to eternal rest, in February, 1916. She was a daughter of George and Catherine (Marka) Garst, both natives of the state of Pennsylvania. To Mr. and Mrs. Mangus were born twelve children r John H., bom May 2, 1860, died December 5, 1860; Sarah E., born December 28, 1861, is the widow of Enos Rishel and resides at Mc- Cook, Nebraska; Rebecca J., born December 1, 1864, is the wife of J. W. Martin, of Sherman township. Gage county ; George W., bom May 7, 1866, is a farmer in Sherman county, Kansas ; Jerry T. is individually represented on other pages of this volume ; Joseph and Josiah, (twins) were born August 17, 1871 : Josiah died September 19, 1871, and Josq)h is a resident of Gage county ; E. B. was born March 7, 1869; Mary E. was bora January 29, 1873, and is the wife of Gustavus A. Erickson, of Gage county ; Catherine, bom April 14, 1876, is the wife of John Lidgard, of Gage county : C. E., born August 16, 1879, resides in Gage county; and William, bom February 7, 1882, resides in Delta county, Colorado.

FRED A. HARPER. - The agricultural interests of Gage county find a worthy representative in Fred A. Harper who owns one hundred and sixty acres of land in Section 20, Adams township.

He was born in a brick house in the city of Liverpool, England, at six o'clock in the morning of January 3, 1843, and his parents Allen and Mary (Hopley) Harper, also were natives of England. In 1848, with their family of four children, they came to America and settled on a farm, in McLean county, Illinois, after a short stay in New York state. When the Civil war broke out, Allen Harper enlisted in the Thirty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He became a captain, and while in defence of his adopted country he was taken sick with typhoid fever and received an honorable discharge. His last days were passed at the home of his son, in Jefferson county, Nebraska, where he died in 1888, at the age of sixty-eight years. His widow died in 1891, at the age of seventy-one years. They were the parents of the following named children : Mrs. Elizabeth Mayberry, deceased ; Fred A., subject of this sketch; Mrs. William Groves, of Marshall county, Kansas ; Allen, deceased ; Samuel, a resident of Illinois ; Joseph, deceased; and Mrs. Richard Newcomb, of California.

Fred A. Harper was a lad of five years when the family home was transferred to America. He was reared on a farm in Illinois, attended district school, in the acquirement of an education, and when he became a man he wisely chose for a life work the occupation which he had learned in his younger days. His home remained in Illinois until December 13, 1887, when he came to Nebraska and bought a farm in Jefferson county. He successfully operated this until 1893, when he traded it for his present farm, moving to Adams township on December 13th of that year. He has had made such improvements as were needed, transforming it to a valuable tract. Mr. Harper has done general farming, and pays particular attention to the feeding of swine, both branches of the business proving profitable.

As a helpmeet Mr. Harper chose Miss Cassandra Mayberry, their wedding being celebrated July 18, 1870. Mrs. Harper was born January 17, 1849, in Hamilton county, Illinois, in the district known as Egypt. Her

The home of Mr. and Mrs. Harper has been blessed with seven children as follows : Stella is the wife of W. Barmore, of Adams; Eliza is the wife of F. Perry, a farmer of Adams township; John F. who operates his father's farm, married Miss Clara Silver, whose parents were homesteaders in Gage county; Ira Arthur, who lives in Hollenberg, Kansas, married Minnie Hildebrand, of Adams; Jessie L. is the wife of A. Robb, residing at Filley, Nebraska; and two children died in infancy.

In politics Mr. Harper endorses the principals of the Republican party, and he has served efficiently as a member of the school board of his district. He is a member of the lodge of the Independant Order of Odd Fellows at Adams. In every relation of life Mr. Harper has measured up to the full standard of citizenship. While the active work of the farm has been shifted to younger shoulders, he still is interested in all those things which have to do with moral and material uplift of his community.

HERMAN A. KROESE. - Holland is a country that is noted for its thrifty and industrious people. While it is a small nation geographically, it has won a place in the world as a nation of intensive farming and other productive industries. Its sons who immigrate to the United States bring with them methods of farming which, when applied to our broad acres, makes them specially successful and prosperous farmers.

Herman A. Kroese is a Hollander by birth and an American by adoption. He was born May 2, 1863, in Elburg, Holland. His parents, with their eleven children, left the spotless town of Elburg, Holland, in 1881, to seek in the United States greater opportunities for advancement. Lancaster county, Nebraska, was selected for their farming operations and they located on a farm near Panama, that county. They remained on this farm until their death. These good, people, Jannes and

Gerritje (Dul) Kroese, were born in Holland. Jannes was born February 17, 1832, and his death occurred August 2, 1916. His wife was born April 23, 1841, and her death occurred a few months prior to that of her husband - May, 28, 1916. Thirteen strong, robust sons and daughters were reared on the farm near Panama, Nebraska. They have all taken their places in the world's work, as farmers and as artisans of various sorts.

Herman A. Kroese was seventeen years old when his parents migrated to the broad prairies of Nebraska. They toiled to subdue the wild fertile lands and wrest from nature her treasures, as well as to develop strong minds and bodies for their children. The early education of Herman A- Kroese was received in Holland and upon his arrival in Nebraska he helped his father on the farm. After he passed his majority he worked among the farmers as a farm hand, continuing in this work until, in 1888, he was employed as a clerk in the general merchandise store at Holland, Nebraska.

At this period of life he wedded Ida Boeve, their marriage having been solemnized on the 26th day of February, 1891. Mrs. "Kroese was the daughter of Dutch parents who had immigrated to this country from Holland and settled in Iowa, and she was born January 18, 1872. Her parents, Lewis and Hattie (Stuurop) Boeve, helped to build up the agricultural wealth of Iowa. Mrs. Kroese was a member of the Dutch Reformed church, was a devoted mother and was a true helpmeet to her husband. Her death occurred in Kansas, March 18, 1903. Six children were born' to Mr. and Mrs. Kroese, and concerning them the following brief record in consistently given: Hattie is the wife of G. Wubbels, living in Lancaster county, Nebraska; Louisa is the wife of H. Kamp, of Adams township. Gage county; John and Edna remain at home with their father; Adrian is deceased; and Arthur is with his uncle, L. H. Kroese.

After Mr. Kroese's marriage, in 1891, he rented land from his father for two years. In 1893 he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land in Norton county, Kansas, and fourteen years were spent on this farm, where his children were born, and the children attended the rural schools of the vicinity. In 1907, about four years after the death of his wife, Mr. Kroese, with his family of children, returned to Nebraska, and he purchased one hundred and seventy acres of land in section 3, Adams county. He is still owner of his land in Kansas.

A modern residence is occupied by Mr. Kroese and his son and daughter who remain at home with him. The house is lighted by gas, is steam heated, and is provided with running hot and cold water. Such a home a prosperous farmer can truly enjoy after years of hard labor.

In politics Mr. Kroese is independent in his thinking and voting. He believes that the man and not the party is to be chosen as the servant of the people in the legislative and other governmental bodies. His religious views are in accord with the faith of the Dutch Reformed church, which receives of his liberal support.

ISAAC H. BRUBAKER, owner and manager of the Farmers Feed Yard, 212 South Fourth street, Beatrice, was born in Cass county, Indiana, December 17, 1860, and is a son of Abraham and Martha (Parker) Brubaker.

Abraham Brubaker was born in Pennsylvania in 1811. He moved to Indiana and later to Illinois. By his marriage to Miss Martha Parker, of Ohio, were born fourteen children as; follows: Stephen, living in Iowa; Jacob, a Union soldier, who was taken prispner and died in Andersonville prison, in 1865; Hannah, wife of William Parser, of Tennessee; Mary, widow of Wilson Dunniston, now making her home in Kansas City, Missouri; Joseph and Solomon, of Indiana ; Alva, of Bigelow, Kansas; David, of Hendley, Nebraska; Jennie, Martha, and Angeline, deceased ; Isaac H., the subject of this sketch ; Henry, of Colorado ; and Ella, widow of William Woodburn, late of Kansas.

Isaac H. Brubaker was educated in the public schools of Illinois, and followed farming in that state until 1879, when he came to Nebraska and settled in Gage county, where he bought one hundred and sixty acres of land, in Glenwood township. Several years ago Mr. Brubaker removed to the city of Beatrice, where he bought the Farmers Feed Yard, which he now manages. He has recently purchased thirteen acres of land in Section 35, Midland township, on which he has built a comfortable residence, and where he makes his home.

In 1903 Mr. Brubaker married Miss Elizabeth Alder, of Beatrice. They are the parents of two children, Richard and Grace. Mr. and Mrs- Brubaker are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and take a great interest in church work.

HERMAN F. SIEMS. - It is a privilege at this point to direct attention to another of the native sons of Gage county who has here achieved success and prominence as a representative agriculturist and stock-grower, Mr. Siems being the owner of three hundred and twenty acres of excellent land in Grant township, his homestead farrh, of one hundred and fifty-eight acres, being in Section 16, and his second farm, of one huridred and sixty-two acres, being in Section 21. Both places are under his direct and characteristically able management and are given over to diversified agriculture and stock-growing.

On his father's old homestead farm in Section 23, Grant township, Herman F. Siems was born March 22,' 1877, a da,te that indicates that he is a scion of one of the pioneer families of the county. His father, Glaus Siems, came to Gage county in the spring of 1876, and eventually he developed and improved one of the fine farm properties of Grant township, he having reclaimed from the prairie fully two hundred and forty acres of land and having become one of the successful and representative farmers and stock-growers of the county, where he continued to maintain

Glaus Siems was born in the province of Hanover, Germany, February 11, 1841, and after leaving school he served a thorough apprenticeship to the trade of cabinetmaker. In his native land he continued to follow his trade until his immigration to America, and for three years after his arrival in the land of his adoption he was employed in a sash and door factory at Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. Thereafter he was for ten years employed at his trade at Lincoln, Logan county, Illinois, where, on the 19th of February, 1873, he wedded Miss Lena Weltzein, who was born in Mecklenburg, Germany, August 18, 1849, and who was but five years old when she accompanied her widowed mother to the United States. Mr- and Mrs. Siems became the parents, of six sons and two daughters - all of whom are living - and of the number the subject of this sketch was the third in order of birth. The devoted wife and mother, who is now deceased, shared fully with her husband in the trials and hardships of pioneer life after they had established their home in Gage county, both having been active members of the German Lutheran church and his political support having been given to the Democratic party.

Reared under the influences of the pioneer farm and profiting duly by the advantages afforded in the English and German schools of the locality, Herman F. Siems early began to lend effective aid in the work of his father's farm, so that he learned in the passing years all details of farm industry. In 1907 he purchased his present fine farm, commonly known as the old Ellis place and long prominent in having a large white house which was for many years the only one of this color in the locality. As a farmer he has added to the honors of the family name, as has he also as a loyal and progressive citizen, his political support being given to the Democratic party and he and his wife holding to the faith of the Lutheran church.

Damkroger, who likewise was born and reared in Gage county and who is a daughter of the late Henry Damkroger, an honored pioneer of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Siems have six children, all of whom remain members of the cheery home circle, namely: Martha, Elmer, Lawrence, Elsie, Arthur, and Laura.

JOHN A. BRYSON, farmer and stockraiser in Section 35, Adams township, has the distinction of being a native of Gage county, Nebraska, and a member of one of the most widely known and respected families of Adams township.

Mr. Bryson was born in Adams township, this county, on May 12, 1869, a son of Silas and Clarinda (Young) Bryson, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume. John A. was educated in the district schools of Gage county and as a boy and young man he worked with his father on the farm. Later he rented land and was here engaged in farming for himself until 1899, when he went to Oklahoma, in which state he continued farming until 1903. He then returned to Gage county, Nebraska, and farmed on rented land until the spring of 1908, when he again went to Oklahoma, where he remained until 1911- Coming back to Gage county, Nebraska, in that year, he engaged in farming and stockraising on Section 35, Adams township where he has remained to the present time. Mr. Bryson , is making a success of his chosen calling, and at the present time, in connection with his brother, David F., is feeding a large herd of cattle for market.

Mr. Bryson was united in marriage February 8, 1893, to Miss Evalena A. Reynolds, a daughter of J. S. and Sarah (Thompson) Reynolds, and of this union have been born five children, as follows : George W. died in childhood ; Lilah L is a teacher in the Johnson county schools ; and Hugh, Charles, and Zella are at home.

J. S'. Reynolds, father of Mrs. Bryson, was born in West Virginia, in May, 1839, and followed farming and the carpenter trade in Iowa until 1861, when he enlisted in the Union army and served throughout the war. He was mustered out in 1865, and thereafter in Iowa he again took up the carpenter trade, which he followed until 1878. He then came to Nebraska with his family and settled in Otoe county, where he stayed only one year. In 1879 he came to Gage county and here he followed farming for twenty years. Going to Oklahoma in 1899, he there bought land and he remained there until his death, in 1908. Mrs. Reynolds is a native of Indiana, born April 15, 1850, a daughter of Garret Thompson- She now makes her home at Pond Creek, Oklahoma.

Mr. and Mrs. Bryson are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Adams, in which they are both devoted workers. In politics Mr. Bryson is a Prohibitionist and he is very enthusiastic in the furtherance of the party cause.

COLONEL JOHNSON HIATT. - The history of nations is but the composite assembling of the histories of individual persons, each of whom, in working out his destiny, co-ordinates with others in making the history of the community, the county, the state, the nation. Few men in Gage county have had in life a closer personal and ancestral touch and asssociation with events of historic importance than has Colonel Johnson Hiatt, who is an honored and influential citizen of Odell and who is familiarly known throughout this section of Nebraska.

The sixth in a family or seventeen children, Colonel Johnson Hiatt was bom at Sidney, Fremont county, Iowa, in the year 1859, and he is a son of Joseph anad Martha Ann (Estes) Hiattt. His parents were numbered among the early pioneer. settlers of the Hawkeye state, which was little more than an untrammeled wilderness when they there established their home, in 1851, upon removal from Illinois. Joseph Hiatt was born in Peoria county, Illinois, on the 27th of December,, 1826, and was a son of Jesse Hiatt, the family name of whose wife was Proctor. Jesse Hiattt was a soldier in the war of 1812 and thereafter became one of the very early settlers in the state of Illinois. His father was a birthright member of the Society of Friends, or Quakers, and his religious faith did not permit him to give military service. Under these conditions he paid a fourfold tax in lieu of such service, at the time of the war of the Revolution. As recognition is taken of the lives and deeds of such worthy men and women as the ancestors of the subject of this review, it becomes evident that they did a noble part in connection with laying broad and deep the foundations of our nation, gave loyally to upholding the principles of democracy, and aided in the conquering of the wilderness as the great march of progress made its westward way. Mrs. Martha Ann (Estes) Hiatt, mother of Colonel Hiatt of this review, was born in county, Missouri, on the 12th of January, 1884, and was a daughter of the celebrated Jod Estes, in whose honor Estes Park, Colorado, v/ns named, he having been the first white -man to discover and exploit this region, which is'' full, of nature's wonder and whjch now attracts thousands of visitors each ydar. The marriage- of Joseph Hiatt and Martha Ann Estes was solemnized in Illinois, ojn the 30th of November, 1850, and in the follpwing year, as before stated, they established their home in Fremont county, Iowa, where all of their seventeen children were born. Pn the 30th of NoVembjer, 1900, this venerable and noble pioneeir couple celebrated their gojlden-wedding aftniversary, and |he occasion -was made a notable one, as fourt^n of their married children, with their rerspective families, and also one - unmarried - daughter, came from far distant points to pay a tribute of honor and afifection, this having been the first family reunion to be held in fifteen years. One daughter and her husband came from London, England, where they were engaged in missionary work, to be present at this memorable celebration and fapiily reunion. At this remarkable gathering of a -remarkable family, old times, stories, and incidents were recalled in pleasing reminiscence, and thus were brought back to memory the joys, the sorrow, the hardships and the happy associations of days long past. Joseph and Martha A. (Estes) Hiatt lived long and useful lives and gave to the world sons and daughters of whom they had every reason to be proud when the gracious evening of their lives began to show the lengthened shadows from the sunset gates of the golden west. Joseph Hiatt passed from the stage of life's mortal endeavors on the 19th of February, 1914, at the age of eighty-six years, his loved and devoted wife having passed to the life eternal December 20, 1907. They were earnest, unassuming folk of noble character and exemplified in their daily lives the best ideals of the gentle religious faith to which they adhered, that of the Society of Friends.

Colonel Johnson Hiatt is thus shown to be a true scion of fine pioneer stock, and in his native state he was reared and educated under the conditions of the pioneer era. He was an ambitious youth of eighteen years when, in 1877, he came to Gage county, Nebraska, and entered claim to a homestead on the Otoe Indian reservatipn, which had recently been opened to settle^-gnt. Xhere were no roads, no houses in sigW £kd no improvements made on the land which he determined to reclaim into a productive farm. In that; early, period of his residence in Gage county ^olonel Hiatt followed the Indian trails to thef?%tle village of Charleston, where he obtained his mail and his necessary supplies. Charleston is now one of the vanished towns of this part of the state, and it was situated one mile south of the present thriving town of Odell. Though a mere youth. Colonel Hiatt girded himself valiantly for the responsibilities-^and services of a pioneer, and it was his to know and experience all of the incidental loneliness, privation and hardships incidental to the early days on the old Otoe reservation. He endured all and faltered not in his resolute purpose, with the result that the passing years rewarded him with generous prosperity, so that to-day he is one of the substantial landholders and influential citizens of Gage county. It may consistently be said that the community would have lost much had his life and labors found another stage of activity than this, in which he has pressed forward to the goal of worthty prosperity. Colonel Hiatt or added from time to time to the area of his original homestead, and to-day he is the owner of a well improved and valuable landed estate of eight hundred and sixty acres, - in Elm, Glenwood and Paddock townships. In July, 1911, he removed from his farm to the village of Odell. He bought land adjoining the town and has here platted and developed an attractive addition to the village, the same being known as Hiatt's addition and having proved a distinct gain to Odell, as well as an evidence of the progressiveness of Colonel Hiatt, who has been successful in the development of the addition.' Though he is retired from active farm enterprise he gives his attention to the buying and selling of cattle and hogs. For fully thirty years he has been a buyer and shipper of cattle, his shipments having been made principally to Kansas City and St. Joseph, Missouri.

On the 6th of April, 1881, was solemnized the marriage of Colonel Hiatt to Miss Adelaide Upson, who was born at Rockford, Illinois, March 11, 1859, and who is a daughter of Lyman D. and Lucina (Miller) Upson. Her parents removed from the state of New York to Illinois, and later they came to Gage county, Nebraska, where Mr. Upson took a homestead in the former Otoe Indian reservation, but his death occurred three years later. To Colonel and Mrs. Hiatt have been bom ten children, concerning whom brief record is here given : The first child died in infancy; Joseph is a resident of Glenwood township; Mrs. Ruth A. Moffat and her husband reside five miles \yest of Odell; Wilber is in Elm township; Miles Cleveland resides in Glenwood township; Clarence W. remains at the parental home; Mrs. Grace Thompson lives east of the city of Beatrice; Mary E. is at home and is a popular teacher in the district schools, as is also George D., who likewise is a member of the parental home circle ; and Caroline S. is the youngest of the children at the pleasant home.

Colonel Hiatt gives his allegiance to the Democratic party and while he had had no ambition for public office he gave efficient service as treasurer of his school district while residing on his farni. He is affiliated wi;th the Masonic fraternity, including the oei^r of the Eastern Star, and he holds membership also in the Modern Woodmen of Anierica. Mrs. Hiatt is affiliated with the local chapter of the Eastern Star and also with the Royal Neighbors, and both she and her husband hold membership in the Christian church.

ROBERT W. SABIN is one of the best known and most highly respected citizens of Gage county. He came to Beatrice from Illinois in August, 1878, and has since maintained a continuous residence here. He found Beatrice an overgrown village of two thousand inhabitants, while all Gage county contained less than twelve thousand. He has seen the county expand to more than thirty thousand and Beatrice develop from a mere western village into a modern city of twelve thousand people.

Mr. S'abin was born in a log cabin in Knox county, Ohio, near the city of Mount -Vernon, February 9, 1850. When he was but eighteen months old his parents moved from Ohio to McLean county, Illinois, and located on a farm near the city of Bloomington, where his early life was spent. When opportunity offered he attended the country schools of his neighborhood, and by the time he attained his majority he had acquired a good common-school education. He then entered the Illinois State Normal School, located at Normal, a suburb of Bloomington, and later he attended Wesleyan College, graduating from the law department of that institution in the class of 1877. In November of that year he opened a law office at Minonk, Woodford county, Illinois, where he continued in the practice of his profession for ten months. He then came to the rising city of Beatrice, in search of fortune and professional distinction. Here he engag-ed in the general practice of the law and developed into an excellent trial lawyer. During his forty years' practice at the bar of Gage county he has successfully transacted a very large volume of legal business, both civil and criminal. His practice has extended to all the courts of the state and to the federal courts, and on account of his abilities as a lawyer and his standing at the bar he has always

In 1883 Mr. Sabin was elected district attorney of the old First judicial district, which then comprised the counties of Richardson, Nemaha, Johnson, Gage, Jeliferson, Saline, Thayer, and Fillmore, and he discharged the duties of his office with great credit to himself and to the satisfaction of the public at large. During his incumbency he tried and convicted Jackson Marion for the murder of John Cameron, in 1872 ; he tried and convicted Enoch Bradshaw for the murder of H. C. Voorhees, and also tried the case of the State of Nebraska vs. William H. Reed, for wife murder.

Marion was sentenced to be hanged. On -appeal the sentence was reversed and a new trial awarded him. He was again convicted -of murder in the first degree and sentenced to be hanged. On appeal the sentence was affirmed by the supreme court, and on the 25th -day of March, 1887, he was executed in the old jail yard, this being the first and only legal execution in Gage county.

In the Reed case the jury on the first trial -disagreed, but on the second trial the defendant was convicted of manslaughter and was sentenced to ten years in the penitentiary. Bradshaw was given a life sentence in the penitentiary and afterward pardoned by the governor of the state and set free.

Mr. Sabin's successful trial of these cases and many others gave him a standing at the bar as trial lawyer of which any attorney might feel justly proud. Since 1883 he has been counsel for one side or the other in a large number of criminal cases in the Gage county courts, including sixteen murder trials. In 1892 Mr. Sabin was elected county attorney of Gage county, and he served one term in that important office. He has held also the office of city attorney of Beatrice for six years, and in all these positions he has acquitted himself as a lawyer of marked ability.

to the Puritans of New England. He was a physician by profession and was also a farmer and a preacher. He was a man of great energy. For his preaching he took no pay, holding that a man who made a daily living otherwise than by preaching ought not to charge for filling the pulpit on Sunday. He was a great reader and a deep Bible student, and for many years he carried on an active practice as a physician, at the same time farming extensively. Robert W. Sabin's mother was of Scotch-Irish stock. Her greatgrandfather, Ebenezer Williams, was a Rev. olutionary soldier and fought with great credit in that war for human liberty. She was a literary woman and took time from her household duties to read good and instructive books. Dr. and Rhoda Sabin were the parents of eleven children, the subject of this sketch being their ninth child. Two of their four sons were physicians and two lawyers. In the mother's family there were several lawyers; one brother, Robert E. Williams, for whom Mr. Sabin was named, was a distinguished member of the bar at Bloomington, Ilhnois. On the 14th day of February, 1878, Mr. Sabin married Miss Mary Louise Carlodk, who had been born and reared in the country near Bloomington, Illinois. Six months after their marriage this young husband and wife came to Beatrice and immediately became factors in the social life of the city- They have for many years been active members of the Christian church of Beatrice and are much esteemed for their social and neighborly qualities and worth of character. Six children have been the fruit of this marriage, of whom five are living, two sons and three daughters. The elder son, Ralph L. Sabin, is married and lives in Washington, D. C. The younger son, Robert L. Sabin also is married and he lives in Kansas City, Missouri. Both are active and prosperous business men. Gertrude, the oldest daughter, is the wife of Earl M. Marvin, publisher of the Beatrice Daily Sun; Louise, the second daughter, is the wife of Dr. F. W. Buckley, of Beatrice, who recently went to France as a surgeon in the American expeditionary army, and when last heard from

Mr. and Mrs. Sabin live in a pleasant home at the corner of Seventh and Grant streets, and they are here spending the afternoon of their lives, surrounded by their family and by friends who are tried and true.

C. A. GARRISON. - A fine farm of two hundred acres, in Sections 28 and 29, Adams township, reflects credit upon the owner, Mr. Garrison, who is one of the progressive and up-to-date farmers and stock men of Gage county.

Mr. Garrison is a native of the neighboring state of Iowa, his birth having occurred, in Wapello county, April 18, 1870. His father, Silas J. Garrison, was born in Dearborn county, Indiana, January ,10, 1846. Reared in his native state, Silas J. Garrison took up farming When a young man, and made it his life work. He had three brothers, Sylvester, Robert, and Herod, who served as soldiers in the Civil war. The last named was a physician who gave his best efiforts to care for and heal the sick and wounded during that terrible war. In spite of his able services, his two brothers died during the war. After the war Dr. Garrison located at Chicago, Illinois, and practiced his profession. He also became president of and a lecturer in the Bennett Medical College. The father of these boys was in poor health, a sufferer from rheumatism, and Silas J. remained at home to care for his parents. He also rendered valuable aid to the widows of his brothers.

In 1873 Silas J. Garrison brought his family to Gage county, arriving here April 22, of that year. He settled on the farm that is now the home of his son. He hauled lumber from Lincoln to build the first home of the femily, a frame house, twelve by fourteen feet in dimensions. The people from whom lie bought the land had a crop growing and he gave them ten dollars for the privilege of -erecting his cabin. He devoted several years to improving and cultivating this tract, built isubstantial buildings and set out trees, making it a valuable property. He later bought another farm in this township, and he retired from the active work of the fields several years before his death, which occurred in 1912. The mother of our subject was Lucy A. (Cadwell) Garrison. She was born in Ohio, January 22, 1844, and was reared in Indiana, accompanying her parents there when a little girl. She survived her husband and passed away in 1917. Mr. and Mrs. Garrison were the parents of five children, of whom C. A., the subject of this review is the eldest. Alvin L. and CilfTord E. are deceased ; Estella H., wife of J. A. Atkins, is deceased; and Royal V. is a resident of Adams, Nebraska.

C. A. Garrison was three years of age when the home was established in Gage county. He acquired his education in the district schools and in the high school at Adams, also attending the Lincoln Normal School. In 1891 he began farming as a renter, and so carefully did he conserve his earnings that in 1906 he was able to purchase eighty acres of land in Elm township, which he operated for seven years. Upon the death of his father he inherited eighty acres of the old place, and the next year he moved to the old farm. He has since disposed of his land in Elm township, and he now owns two hundred acres in Adams township. Mr. Garrison leases other land in addition to his own and farms four hundred and forty acres. Aside from general farming he also raises pure-bred Hampshire hogs and Percheron horses, both branches of his business yielding him good returns.

In 1901 occurred the marriage of C. A. Garrison and Miss Mary Isley, who was born in Hawkins county, Tennessee, a daughter of David and Martha (Walker) Isley. Mrs. Garrison's brother Jasper lived in Gage county and with him she made her home several years prior to her marriage. . Mr. and Mrs. Garrison have three children, Dwight, Ruby, and Ruth, all under the parental roof. The family attend the Methodist church, of which they are all members. In politics Mr. Garrison is a Democrat. He is one of the substantial men of Gage county and enjoys the esteem and good will of all with whom he has come in contact.

CHARLES A. MILLER - One of the sterling pioneer citizens who achieved success and prosperity by coping vigorously with the opposing forces incidental to the development of a productive farm from the virgin prairie soil of Gage county, Mr. Miller acquired and improved one of the large landed estates of Clatonia township and continued as one of the active agriculturists and stockgrowers of this township until 1911, since which time he has lived retired in the village of Clatonia, where he erected a modern and attractive house, - a pleasant home in which he and his wife are enjoying the rewards of former years of earnest endeavor.

Mr. Miller was born in Lippe; Germany, on the 6th of December, 1851, a son of Frederick and Charlotte (Hartmann) Miller, he being the eldest of the three children and the only son ; his elder sister, Minnie, who became the wife of Bernard Mooberg, is deceased; and Martha is the wife of William Sang, of Lancaster county, this state. Mr. Miller was about four years old when he accompanied his parents to America and the family home was established at Freeport, Illinois, w'here the father engaged in the work of his trade, that of wagonmaker. In 1878 Frederick Miller came with his family to Gage county and two miles north of Clatonia he purchased land, though he never engaged personally in farming, the place having been turned over to his only son : he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives in this county, as honored pioneer citizens.

Charles A. Miller has achieved prosperity entirely through his own ability and efforts, and when but fourteen years of age he began working as farm hand in Illinois. His initial service included the planting of corn, which he dropped by hand and covered by throwing earth over the grain with his foot. For this work he received fifty cents a day, and his recompense for nine months work was not given in cash but in four loads of corn. During the winter months as a boy and youth he attended school at Davis, Illinois, and he was twenty-six years of age when he accompanied his parents to Gage county, where it devolved upon him to break up and otherwise improve the farm of one hundred and sixty acres which his father purchased in Clatonia township, the nearest market points at that time having been the villages of Cortland and Wilber. Each of his parents attained to the age of three score years and ten, his mother having passed away in 1893, and the father in 1894. Both were earnest members of the German Methodist church.

Prior to coming to Nebraska, Mr. Miller had gained pioneer experience in Oregon, to which state he made his way in 1874. He found employment on a farm near the city of Portland and received compensation of four hundred dollars a year, paid in gold He remained in Oregon four years and then returned to Illinois, whence, soon afterward, he came to Nebraska. Industry and good management brought to him cumulative success in connection with farm enterprise in Gage county, and he eventually accumulated a valuable and well improved landed estate of three hundred and twenty acres, in Section 11, Clatonia township. This property he has sold to his children. He used much discrimination in the improvement of his farm property and on the same set out both fruit and shade trees. One spring he planted sixty-five dollars' worth of fruit trees, a portion of which are still in bearing. Mr. Miller has contributed his share to the general development and progress of Gage county, is a Republican in politics and both he and his wife hold membership in the German Methodist church.

March 13, 1878, recorded the marriage of Mr. Miller to Miss Sophia Hanrichmeier,. who was born in Stephenson county, Illinois, April 23, 1857, a daughter of Frederick and Amelia (Meyer) Hanrichmeier, who were natives of Germany and whose marriage occured in 1851, in Illinois, where they passed the remainder of their lives and where Mr. Hanrichmeier eventually became the owner of a valuable farm of three hundred and twenty acres. He was born February 2, 1828, and in 1848 he passed seven weeks in making the voyage across the Atlantic to America, on a sailing vessel. In Stephenson county. Illinois, his first farm was one of forty acres, and on this homestead he maintained his residence twenty years, removal having then been made to a new house which he erected on the opposite side of the road. He died March 29, i908, and his widow passed away June 23, 1914, she having been born in Lippe-Detmold, Germany, August 26, 1§33 : of their nine children - ^ three sons and six daughters - Mrs. Miller was the third in order of birth. Mr. and Mrs. Miller became the parents of six children : Paul is a prosperous farmer two miles north of Clatonia ; Minrjie is the wife of Charles C. Houpt, of Clatonia township; Charles is a resident of Karisas and Frederick of Texas; Wesley is a teacher in the public schools at Doniphan, Missouri ; and Herbert is attending school at Warrington, Missouri, his plans being tp locate on a .farm in Colorado. " ' . « ''

JERRY T. MANGUS, wiiosej.fine farm home is situated in Section 24, Midland township, has won large and worthy success through his association with farm enterprise in the county that has represented his home since he was about fourteen years of age, and as one of the substantial and well known citizens of the county he merits reco^ition in this history. He is a son of Jhe late William Mangus, to whom a memoir is *dedicated on other pages, so that further ' review of the family genealogy is not demanded at this juncture. Mr. Mangus was born in Macoupin county, Illinois, October" 19, 1867, and there he acquired in the public schools his early education. In 1881 h? came with his parents to Gage county and his father purchased a farm in Sherman township, , so that Jerry T. had ample opportunity to gain fellowship with arduous toil in connection with the development and general operations of the pioneer farm. He attended school when opportunity affordfed and finally he engaged i^i-. dependently in farm operations. For four years he farmed on rented land and he then purchased two hundred and twenty acres, in Midland township, where he has since continued his earnest and fruitful activities. In obtaining this property he assumed, as may be inferred, an appreciable indebtedness, but his energy and good management not only enabled him eventually to relieve himself entirely of such financial obligation but also to make the admirable improvements that mark his estate as one of the model farms of the county, his attractive residence being one of the best rural homes in Midland township, and all other .farm'builjdiiigs provided by him being of consonant order. As an exponent of farm industry Mr. Mangus has wisely diversified his activities and has made himself successful both as an 'agriculturist and as a raiser of good types of^ ^horses, cattle and swine. In politics he is to be designated as an independent Republican, and while he takes loyal interest in communal affairs and is liberal in supporting measures and enterprises advanced for the general good, he has manifested no ambition for public oflfice. He is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and he and his wife 'hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal church.

On the 20th of December, 1893, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Mangus to Miss Elvina Reed, who was born, April 2, 1871, in the state of Iowa, and who was a girl when she came with her parents to Gage county, in the early. '80s, her father, Enos Reed, having been k native of Illinois and having become dne of the substantial farmers of Gage county., .^r. and Mrs. Mangus became the parents of 'seVeri children, of whom five are living: Orville,. who was born, February 26, 1895, and who was associated with his father in the work and management of the home farm, is, in the spring pf 1918, in the national military forces preparing for service in the European war, %nd,.as a member of Battery C, Second Artillery, iis stationed at Fort McArthur, California; Josephine died January^ 4, 1916, at the age of nineteen years; Oscar, who re^jriainsjit the, parental home, was born March 23, 1899; Wilda was born in December 18, 1901 ; Eouise was seven years old at the time of her death, in 1910; John Thurston was born February 12, 1912- and LeNore was born June 5, 1917.

EDWIN B. HINDS. - A native of the Green Mountain state, the subject of this biography was born in Windham county, Vermont, November 21, 1842. He is a son of Charles C. and Lorena (Burke) Hinds, who were natives of Vermont and who left their New England home in 1855 and became residents of Clayton county, Iowa. Here the father passed away March 21, 1877, having rounded out sixty-eight years of a busy and honorable life. His estimable wife did not long survive the shock of his death, her death occurring, on the 14th of the following August, when she was sixty-two years of age. They were the parents of two children : Edwin B. and Charles C, the latter heroically giving up his life for his country in the Civil war: he died May 14, 1863, at Grand Gulf, Mississippi. He was a member of Company B, Twenty-first Iowa Volunteer Infantry.

Edwin B. Hinds was a boy of thirteen when the horne was established in Iowa and his education, which was begun in his native state, was continued in the public schools of Iowa. When the Civil war broke out he longed to take part in it and he had not yet reached his majority when he enlisted, in August, 1862, as a private in Company M, First Iowa Cavalry, and for three years and six months he faithfully served the Union cause on many a hard fought battle field, his military record as a brave and efificient soldier being one of which he may well be proud. He took part in the battles of Prairie Grove, Little Rock, Camden and many others, and was with General Custer through Texas. He was mustered out in March, 1866, and returned home without a scar, although he took part in every battle in which his regiment participated.

Mr. Hinds' early education was supplemented by a course at Eastman's Business College, Chicago, after which he engaged as a clerk in a general merchandise store, later turning his attention to agricultural pursuits. Winding up his affairs in Iowa, he decided to seek a home farther west, and in May, 1881, he went to Washington county, Kansas, but not finding a suitable location he came to Odell, Nebraska, then a small village where the railroad was just being built. Here he established a hardware business which he successfully conducted for several years. He also invested in farm lands and in 1903 he entered the banking business, as president of Hinds State Bank, of which he has continued the head and principal owner. It is one of the strong financial institutions of Gage county and though its president is still active in its management, the active affairs of the bank are under the supervision of his son, Charles N., a worthy young man who is mentioned elsewhere in this volume.

December 1, 1870, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Hinds and Miss Sarah Shaw, a native of Clayton county, Iowa, and a daughter of the late John Shaw.

Mr. Hinds has taken an active interest in all things pertaining to the welfare of the community. In 1893-95 he served in the lower house of the state legislature, and in 1895 was chairman of the railroad committee. He was the first director of the school board of the Odell district and served about twenty years as treasurer of the board. He is affiliated with Reserve Post, No. 148, Grand Army of the Republic, and with Odell Lodge No. 97, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mrs. Hinds is an active member, of the Methodist Episcopal church.