Nomination for Burt Building

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior MAY 2 1 2008 National Park Service NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative 1. Name of Property Historic name Burt Building Other names/site number Burt Candy Company, Ross Radio, Inc. 2. Location street & number 325 - 327 West Federal Street n/a [not for publication city or town - vicinity code OH zip code - 3.

State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination C request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the proceduraland professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property X meets - does not meet the National Register Criteria.I recommend that this property be considered significant - nationally - statewide X locally. (See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. (- See continuation sheet for additional Signature of commenting or other official 4.

National Park Service Certification 1, hereby certify that this property is: removed from the National Register entered in the National Register other (explain): - See continuation sheet. determined not eligible for the Date of Action 44503 Youngstown comments.) county Date state National Register Signature of certifying official OMBNO. 107AELEIVED 2280 Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "X in the appropriate box or by entering Mahoning code 099 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio page 2 5.

Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) - private D district - public-StateR - site - public-Federal - structure - object Name of related multiple property listing Number of contributing resources previously listed 6. Function or Use Current Functions 7.

Description concrete block (partial) Movements, Commercial Style (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) See Continuation page 5 none Noncontributing roof restaurant Total Foundation other Brick Architectural Classification Materials Asphalt walls Terra cotta Narrative Description Historic Functions Specialty Store in the National Register (Enter categories from instructions) Xpublic-local Xbuilding(s) (Check only one box) (Check as many boxes as apply) Late 19 and Early 20 Century American (Enter"N/A"if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number Z Page 5 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio Section 7 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION The Burt Building, 325-327 West Federal Street, a three-story, steel frame, commercial structure, is the only building on the south side of a commercial block of West Federal Street in Youngstown, Ohio. Federal Street, the principal commercial artery of the city, runs southeast--northwest at the heart of the central business district.

West Federal Street has four blocks of two-to-four-story commercial buildings from the 1910s, 1920s, and 1930s and local or state government buildings or parking lots constructed in the 1990s or the first decade 1921, the building has had two uses: Burt's confectionery/restaurant owned and run by the Harry Burt family between 1922 and 1935 and Ross Radio, Inc., which has had sales on the first floor, mainly storage and The building is forty feet wide with two structural bays in the basement and first floor, and it is eight structural bays deep, 137.5 feet. The exterior of the building is red, wire-cut brick on three sides, grey matte-finish terra cotta on the front façade. The east side has random windows on the second and third floors. The rear, which abuts Market Court, an alley, had large windows on each floor, only the mezzanine windows survive (photo 2).

The roof is flat, coated with asphalt. An elevator mechanical housing and skylight shaft project above the roof. The entire building roof is surrounded by a parapet, which is brick and stepped on the sides, terra cotta on the front. The basement walls are glazed terra cotta tile. The front basement wall has been reconstructed in concrete block in the past twenty years. (photo 3). Fenestration on the second and third floor front is bands of six operable wood-framed windows. front doorways have transoms. The skirt below the front display windows, the risers on the two steps to the east doorway, and the center square structural steel post in front of the main entrance are faced in black onyx. above the first story likely have been reworked. They once may have had signage or other character applied to the panels. Most windows appear to be original, wood-frame sash. Side windows are 1/1 sash.

Front windows have nine single-pane casements on each side. The western of the three window bays has only casements, without center stationary pane. On the basement, first, second, and third floors, the rear windows have been in- Each window pivots at its center.Each sash has nine lights. The third story windows have top additional The skirts below the plate glass display windows retain their original foliate, iron grilles. The lintel and panels offices in the basement, 2and 3floors from 1935, until Spring 2008. The north, front façade retains most of its original design elements: matte, light grey terra cotta bay ends, bands of terra cotta between window bands, a terra cotta cornice, centered name plate "Burt" and a parapet angled plate glass display windows. A doorway is at the east and the west side of the front façade. All three panes (photo 3).

Rear windows, surviving only on the mezzanine, were large to give natural lighting to manufacturing processes. The mezzanine windows have a transom above a center stationary pane with of this century. The Burt Building first appeared in a Youngstown city directory in 1920 with home furnishings NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number Z Page 6 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio configuration different from that on the first floor mezzanine. encased in concrete to provide fireproofing. Floors are constructed of wood joists spanning between the steel bay girders with wood subflooring on the joists.

The northern five structural bays at the front of the building are of the building: ice cream, candy, pastry and food production, four different restaurants, social areas, and three feet wide, that contains the radiator piping. At the ceiling and sidewalls, the bay-dividing steel girders windows, has two phone booths built into each display window, once used by Ross Radio customers, salesmen, and Mr. Ross (Mentzer). Now the display and sales area for Ross Radio, the front of the store held (photo 10). The second story front five bays are clear space without steel posts with 11'-8" ceiling height. Again, most of (souvenir booklet)(photo 13). The bandstand was between the two staircases, once illuminated by the open light shafts on either side of the bandstand and stair balustrades (photo 13). Ross Radio covered the skylight shafts, using the stagearea for more listening rooms.

Ross Radio used most of the second floor area for storage of picture tubes (Mentzer). retain most original finishes: angle-laid maple floors, plaster walls and ceilings. Again, the front windows can in the most northern bay. This room has a doorway to the center hall, another doorway to the front room. The filled with either glass block or cement block. Historic illustrations suggest these windows may have had a The brick building has a rectangular footprint, forty feet wide and 137.5 feet deep. Steel bay framing is basement. The sixth structural bay, eighteen feet, holds the stairway circulation. These stairs were an offices. The rear three bays are dissimilar in depth, use, and structural configuration. The first story, 14'-9" in height, is visually a clear space five bays deep, with concrete-encased steel columns simple, classical-style plaster coffers, and smooth plaster walls.

Each sidewall has a 6" raised pipe chase, Burt's flower shop at the front left, the candy and bakery displays and sales areas in the center of the store by plaster-covered steel girders, paired fluted wooden Tuscan pilasters with plinths that mark each bay division now modest storage, was the Rainbow Assembly Room, 3600 hundred square feet, able to seat 750 persons above the floor. The west room, two bays back from the front of the building, is three bays deep with a skylight dividing the building at the center. The first floor retains original maple wooden floors laid at a 70 degree or one hundred couples, used for receptions, meetings, lectures or dancing during the Burt confectionery era grille covers for radiators(photo 6). The huge front pivoting windows can be opened for ventilation.This floor, NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number Z Page 7 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio deep, accessible from the room in front of it. On the third floor, the interior structural system is exposed steel turnbuckles dividing the floor into three bays (photo 9), while holding the floor deck to the roof girders. For the The sixth building bay, used for public and staff circulation when the building was Burt's confectionery and this sixth bay. Ross Radio enclosed or blocked nearly all light shafts, boxing in the balustrades and staircases These stairways are modest, 3'-10" wide, rising next to light wells. On the third floor, ten-foot wide center stairs balustrades have been taken down. Assembly Room (souvenir booklet)(photo 4).

The rear rooms were two workrooms and the men's and between the Assembly Room staircase and the mezzanine. Ross Radio uses the second floor mezzanine east and exterior west walls next to the steel structural framing. Radio stored picture tubes and antenna parts in these rooms (Mentzer). and covering open areas between the floors. On the first floor, three steps to the west and to the east of the center stairs lead down to the rear two building bays. On the first floor, the main staircase going "up" to the mezzanine is at the center, ten feet wide. Above the first story staircase, a light well once gave illumination From the rear three-bay first floor mezzanine, stairs on the east and on the west walls lead to the second floor. The configuration of the rear three bays of the building hold one full eighteen feet deep bay and two rear bays about nine feet deep.

On the first floor, the southern yellow pine subfloor was originally covered; on the other mezzanine floors,narrow maple flooring laid at an angle remains. A service elevator occupies the southeast deep. On the first floor, the first rear bays were originally the Wisteria Tea Cottage, a restaurant room seating women's lavatories. Ross Radio used the rooms as offices but also as showrooms and listening rooms from the hall and the front room (photo 8). Behind the east room is a fourth room, one bay wide by one bay Burt confectionery, the front room housed the hand dipping of chocolates and candy packaging (photo 14), the restaurant, has stairs with oak treads, wooden balustrades, and newels for all the stairways. Skylighting was lead to the third floor mezzanine of kitchens and service elevator (souvenir booklet).

Here some of the space, except the elevator and a staircase, originally was the Peacock Banquet Room. It retains peacocks and garlands painted on the walls; part of its original painted decoration (photos 7, 13). Ross Radio added the wall served the rear workrooms and workspaces north of the stairs. This mezzanine held the kitchens for the restaurants (souvenir booklet). Ross Radio seldom used this area. Flues for the kitchens are on the exterior NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number Z Page 8 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio The basement has tile walls, concrete floor, and exposed structure in the ceiling. A furnace room occupies the west rear bay; it has a flue in the southwest building corner.

The east rear bay has the elevator shaft and shadow of four bays of ice cream freezers is visible in cork remnants attached to the east basement wall. stairway to West Federal Street and removed the east front stairway from the basement to the first floor off or partially demolished. Most of the entire building retains its original, Burt confectionery/restaurant finishes: maple flooring laid at a 70 have been removed, elements of the originals remain. (Mentzer). Original service or fire stairways are on the east and west walls of the building.Most remain;four are closed sloping ramp access to the rear alley, Market Court. Basement partitions survive from the original uses. This was the production area for the confectionery, bakery and ice cream factories. The west front doorway gave structural bay detailing, interior partitions, doorway details, most doors, radiator and plumbing chases.

The interior decorations for the Burt restaurants: false windows, wooden shingling, wooden lattices, "stone flooring" Ross Radio stored material for antenna towers,television components and piping here. They closed the degree angle in all public or business areas, plaster walls, shallow coffered ceiling with plastered girders, floor sales area (now removed). Employee lavatories are next to the west and the east side staircase. The access to this basement area via a staircase(now closed). Another east side staircase gave access to the first Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio page 3 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) for National Register listing) X A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. x B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Period of Significance - C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period,or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. -D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield information important in prehistory or history. Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) (Mark "X" in all the boxes that apply.) Harry B. Burt -A owned by a religious institution or used for - B removed from its original location.

- C a birthplace or a grave. - D a cemetery. Herman Kling & Son, front façade & interior -E a reconstructed building, object,or structure. Heller Brothers Company. - F a commemorative property. G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years. Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) See Continuation Sheet, page 9 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS) Primary location of additional data - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR - State Historic Preservation Office 67) has been requested - Other State agency previously listed in the National Register - Federal agency previously determined eligible by the National L Local government - University - designated a National Historic Landmark X Other recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey Mahoning Valley Historical recorded by Historic American Engineering Record 1923 1922--1958 Commerce Society Register contractors Property is: Criteria Considerations Architect/Builder religious purposes.

Cultural Affiliation Applicable National Register Criteria Significant Dates design architects Bibliography See Continuation page 15 Name of repository: (Mark "X" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 9 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio Section 8 SIGNIFICANCE The Burt Building, 325-327 West Federal Street, is eligible for the National Register of Historic Places under criteria A, as a building reflecting the history and development of two significant local businesses of commercial for the machinery and process of producing the bars, and developed the first fleet of refrigerated Good Humor History of the Burt Confectionery & Creation of the "Good Humor" Bar In downtown Youngstown between 1893 and 1922, Harry B. Burt (1875-1926) worked as a confectioner who Valley and Youngstown city neighborhoods. All these successes he accomplished during the decades of Youngstown's greatest social, commercial and industrial expansion.

In 1890,Youngstown had a population of 33,200 residents living between the banks of the Mahoning River and utilized modest streetcar lines. Most destinations were within easy walking distance of most residences. Mill Street a half block west of the main north-south street. Sheet & Tube Company, and Brier Hill Steel Company. In 1899, the Market Street Viaduct had opened the the city and beyond city limits to the new urban and suburban residential areas. Idora Park, a very popular amusement park, provided a dance hall and entertainment at the end of one trolley line. Mill Creek Park had expanded nearly five miles south of the Mahoning River; city parks and ball fields served every neighborhood. The Butler Institute of American Art had been established on the slope of the north river bank. Stambaugh schools.

For all these prosperous residents and for all the social occasions associated with education and the Valley Historical Society archives). It includes a brief description and illustrations of the public and production Youngstown, The Burt Confectionery Company and Ross Radio, Inc. The building also is eligible under criteria B for its significant association with Harry B. Burt and the development of the Good Humor Bar. Between 1922 and1926, Harry B.Burt put the Good Humor ice cream bar into production, applied for and received the patent Trucks at 325-327 West Federal Street. a bakery and restaurant, finally adding twelve refrigerator trucks to distribute Good Humor bars to Mahoning Creek Park had been formed but had no lakes; only one entrance, one road, and one trail were in use.

Many city's prosperous industries included nineteen huge, productive blast furnaces and steel production facilities associated with the Ohio Works of Carnegie Steel Company, Republic Iron and Steel Company, Youngstown Auditorium, at the top of the north river bank, held frequent concerts. The city had a college and four high Crab Creek in a city that had been incorporated in 1867. The region produced iron, but no steel. City people By 1926, the year of Burt's death, Youngstown had grown past its 1920 population of 132,358 citizens. The wrote a small souvenir folder or booklet, a short history of his confectionery business (now in the Mahoning NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 10 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio spaces in the new building. The booklet is illustrated with line drawings of many building interiors. Most of the following Harry Burt confectionery history comes from that booklet. Burt came to Youngstown in 1893 when he blocks from Market Street and one block south of Federal Street, the two main streets of the city. A days - and everything he sold was so delicious." Burt's business grew enough that he could afford to move one Elementary School, one block to the south. At this time, his confectionery still produced mainly penny candies. new building facing the street.

The candy workroom was in the old wood-frame post office building that had such restaurant in Youngstown.In March of1902, Burt moved his confectionery one door north, to 29 North Burt confectionery. In 1906, the restaurant was remodeled with "a Mexican onyx soda fountain with German In 1920 or 1921, Burt developed a smooth chocolate coating that was compatible with ice cream. His children ice cream." The name for the new chocolate-coated ice cream bar, "Good Humor", alluded to the nineteenth of the palate (icecreamusa.com/good_humor/history). About the same time as the invention of the "Good Humor" ice cream bar, Burt wanted to again expand his floors. Burt invested $50,000 in the renovation (Vindicator 10.27.21). Burt used local Youngstown architects Herman Kling & Son for the interior design details and exterior front façade changes (Vindicator 4.3.22).

October 9, 1923 (MVHS archives, patent documents). Youngstown Vindicator editorial eulogizing Burt recalled that this first candy store had no floor covering, faded and West Boardman Streets. Here his best customers where the children who attended Front Street In1897, the business moved two blocks north to 27 North Phelps Street where the confectionery occupied a the entire building, replacing the front and rear facades, reinforcing the foundation, altering the first and second block east, in 1895, closer to the center of commerce, where he occupied a corner store facing both Phelps helping, he experimented with coating a cut portion of ice cream with the new chocolate. His daughter Ruth said the ice cream bar was "messy." The solution, suggested by son Harry, was to add a wooden stick, as if $200,000 (Vindicator, 10.20.21).

Within a week, The Vindicator reported that Burt had contracted with Heller the machinery to produce the"Good Humor"sucker and for the production process.He received the patent NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 11 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio photos and most of an inside page to "A great addition to W. Federal Street's new shopping district" their firm had designed the exterior front of the Burt Building and interior layout and spaces. Other advertisers noted the other new stores recently opened in the "West End." S. W. Rice designed the interior furnishings and supplied the fabrics, C. J.

Little had installed the plumbing, Webster electric were the electricians, Stambaugh- The interior descriptions of Burt's 325-327 West Federal Street noted in The Vindicator article were taken fountain was at the left, a baked goods department was near the front (photo11), with the Arbor Garden at the "Catering Kitchens" on the third floor mezzanine, and the hand work of candy making and accommodated The souvenir booklet included an advertisement illustration of the "Good Humor Sucker" (photo 15). Burt purchased twelve refrigerator trucks for neighborhood distribution of his new ice cream bars (photo 16). A Humor bars from the truck driver who wore a white uniform.

Descriptions often mention the Good Humor Truck drivers as "chauffeurs." Between 1922 and 1926, the availability and popularity of the Good Humor ice cream bar grew through production at the factory in the new building and through the fleet of refrigerator trucks. Burt utilized two of the 4.27.28). According to Jefferson Moak, "At a time when standardization was unknown, Burt wanted a filed lawsuits with his chief competitors, the producers of popsicles. Much of Moak's details of the business history of frozen suckers came from testimony for these lawsuits. Co. made and installed the electric sign on the roof of the building.

rear of the sales area,"outdoors"in "two vine-grown wings of a fine old manor house."The eating area was under a pergola,with"soft lighting from the[manor] house 10).The Wisteria Tea Cottage these public spaces, the building held an"Ice Cream Plant","Candy Factory",and "Bakery" in the basement, When the Burt's West Federal Street store opened on April 3,1922, The Vindicator dedicated two front-page Thompson supplied the interior lighting, Federal Iron Works made the front marquise, and Cusack Electric Sign directly from a souvenir folder produced for the opening. Each floor, each service, each restaurant area was elaborated. A new cut flower department was at the left front, candy counters were at the right, the soda (photo 12). The Peacock Banquet Room occupied the second floor mezzanine (photo 7,13).

In addition to either on the third floor or in the rear workrooms near natural light. Proudly, Burt stated that all manufacturing All Burt ice cream, including Good Humor bars, had a high cream content, 25% butter fat (souvenir booklet). Burt family bobsled bell called children to the Good Humor delivery trucks where customers could buy Good flavors of ice cream in the "Good Humor suckers" that he sold in his ice cream parlor, vanilla and chocolate. spaces were always open to public inspection;he encouraged Youngstowners to tour his production areas. NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 12 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio After Harry Burt died in 1926, his wife Cora took the company public, selling franchises for $100 (icecreamusa.com). In 1928, Cora sold the business and patents to Good Humor Corporation of America. The At that time, Cora Burt reserved the rights to manufacture and market the product in Youngstown and the Mahoning Valley. However, the followingyear, the West Federal Street ice cream production and restaurants closed. Harry Burt's daughter Ruth's husband Paul Bolton purchased the candy making equipment and nation distribution (Vindicator, 2.7.29). History of Ross Radio, Inc. In 1935,the Burt family sold the Burt Building to Ross Radio, a wholesaler of electronics.

It was another thriving Youngstown business, occupying the Burt Building from 1935 until the present. James Ross opened Ross Radio, Incorporated, in February 1930 on the northeast corner of East Federal and Champion Street in downtown Youngstown, at 46 East Federal Street. The wholesale business sold all electronics that were then commercially available. Most products were components of radios and radio two salesmen responded to the needs of regional stores such as Strouss-Hirshberg and McKelvey's, two of Youngstown's department stores, which sold televisions and other electronics. Other employees repaired electronic components still under warrantee. Jeffrey Clark and his wife Danielle. Early in the 1930s, two Youngstown electrical engineers, amateur (HAM) radio operators, C. M. Chorpening and F. H. Woodworth, founded Astatic Electrical Company.

The business designed, patented, and produced the corner of Market and Wayne Streets, on Youngstown's south side, just south of the Market Street Viaduct of Astatic, making himself chairman of the board. With financial control, Ross moved Asatic to Conneaut, Ohio, where it occupied existing industrial plants for production of electronic components. During World War II, Ross encouraged his employees to participate in the success of Ross Radio.He hoped to sell shares in the equipment.These products were in great demand in the Mahoning Valley region;Ross Radio was the sole new owner planned to advertise widely and nationally market the "Good Humor Sucker" (Vindicator, 4.27.28). bars ceased to be sold from trucks traveling through neighborhoods in 1978 (iceceamusa.com). supplier to its regional clientele.

Ross's business grew, serving about a thirty to forty mile area around microphones and phonographic equipment and related products from a commercial/light industrial building at In 1961, the popularity of the ice cream bar peaked with two hundred trucks making deliveries. Good Humor One of the three salesmen served industrial clientele, particularly the Youngstown steel industries. The other business before his death. When his daughter declined to continue participation in the business, Ross's son- in-law sold shares of the business to employees. In 1996, one of the surviving employees sold Ross Radio to NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 13 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio businesses, Ross lived in Youngstown, commuting early each morning to Conneaut, returning each afternoon to Ross Radio on West Federal Street where he did most of the buying and inventory control. Astatic, Commercial Audio Products, continues manufacturing in 2008, located in Solon, Ohio. Their largest subsidiary is CAD (Conneaut Audio Devices), a business that serves the pro and semi pro studio and music performance markets (Astatic sale brochure). in a time when fine candy and ice cream had to be locally produced. Burt's store and restaurant made eating business, where ownersof the store on West Federal Street were the only wholesale marketers of electronics mid-twentieth century.

From the mid-1920s to the mid-1970s, the white refrigerator truck announced by a ringing bell, the white uniformed driver, the pleading with parents for money to buy an ice cream bar, and the of a large area of the United States. Harry Burt, the Youngstown confectionery who strived to make the most making, created the unusual system for its distribution. The Burt store at 325-327 West Federal Street in Youngstown was the site for utilizing the patent in production and distribution. Harry B. Burt Fulton Market. He credited his skill in candy making to Chester Coe, a Cleveland confectioner who hired him at He came to Youngstown in 1893. The 1895 Youngstown city directory noted that Burt was a manufacturer, wholesale and retail dealer in "pure home made candies." He first lived at 44 Berlin (now Funston) Street close to the Youngstown-Warren Road on the east side of Brier Hill.

By 1896, he had moved close to his business, the final shape of the "Good Humor" bar. He married his second wife, Cora Walker, in 1908.The family lived (The block of Warren Avenue now has four houses the Burt's has been demolished.) After Harry's death in 1926, Cora Burt continued to run the Burt businesses at 325-327 West Federal Street, selling the Good Humor Significance Both the Burt Confectionery Company and Ross Radio, Inc.embody commercial businesses born of the Youngstown prosperity during the twentieth century.Burt's candies and ice cream were the best locally made the age when he had "just made the transition from short pants to long pants",about 16 years old (Vindicator). Astatic produced sonar units for the US War Department.

For most ofthe years that Ross owned both "Good Humor Suckers" grew to be one of the great icons of American summers of the urban and suburban delicious candy and ice cream, created the treat, patented the process of production and the machinery for its on the steep hill above the commercial area at 225 North Phelps Street. He married Lena Johnson in 1896, with whom he had three children, Ruth, Harry, Jr., and Helen. Harry, Jr. and Ruth helped their father develop bar and its patents in 1929 and the Burt Building in 1935. At the time of Burt's death, the Youngstown gathering of neighborhood children became important, nostalgic memories for several generations of residents NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 14 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio It was his life and his pride....The store he built in West Federal Street is the equal of any of its kind in New York" (Vindicator)." be able to join the government or practice law. He married his wife Edith Levin, a physician, in 1920, the year before the two immigrated to the United States. The Rosses visited James's two brothers in Detroit and Los Angles. Both brothers were in the electronics business, a field they likely encouraged their brother to particularly in Israel. Ross died in 1974. James Ross Moscow. However, the Russian Revolution and a Bolshevik government meant that he, a Jew, would likely not James Ross was born in Odessa, Russia, in 1892.

He graduated from the International Institute of Law in pursue. James and Edith settled in Youngstown where he opened Ross Radio in February 1930. The NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 9 Page 15 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio Section 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY Astatic Commercial Audio Products, sales brochure, 2006 product catalogue, Solon, Ohio. Jeffrey Clark interview, Ross Radio, Inc. owner, December 2007. November 14, 1965, A-5. Youngstown, Ohio. Mahoning County Registry of Deeds, Mahoning County Court House, Youngstown, OH Mahoning Valley Historical Society archives, Youngstown, Ohio. "Builders of Youngstown files, Harry B. Burt file, patent documents for "Good Humor bar", Jewish archives files. Spring, 2005.

The Vindicator, Youngstown, Ohio. August 14, 1906, reports on Burt purchase of 325 West Federal Street Youngstown city directories. community. Youngstown, OH. Icecreamusa.com/good_humor/history. Gerri Hershey."History Happened Here.Parade Magazine. July 7, 2007. C. J. Colmery."Burt's Establishment Most Up-to-Date in the Country."The Vindicator. April 3, 1922, A-1, 33. Don Shilling, "Local Building Honored." TheVindicator. May 6, 2007, pg. A,1. Youngstown, OH. Jefferson M. Moak. "The Frozen Sucker War: Good Humor vs Popsicle." Prologue Magazine. Vol. 37, No. 1, Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohiio page 4 10.

Geographical Data Acreage of Property 135.5' x40' less than one (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) 1 17 528990 4549910 Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) See Continuation page 16 Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By name/title organization Rebecca M. Rogers street & number 44 Audubon Road _telephone 330.77.8986 _state _ zip code Submit the following items with the completed form: Photographs Continuation page 17 Representative black and white photographs of the property.

Additional items Building plan and section, Continuation page 18 (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) Mahoning Valley Historical Society 648 Wick Avenue Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of 44502 44514 Youngstown name date12/30/07 Additional Documentation 330.743.2589 telephone UTM References Zone Easting Northing Continuation Sheets city or town See continuation sheet.

A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including the time for reviewing this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.0. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. Youngstown Quadrangle properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. Maps NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 10 Page 16 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio Section 10 GEOGRAPHICAL DATA As recorded in the Mahoning County Registry of Deeds, Mahoning County, Youngstown, Ohio, Warranty Deeds Volume 2992, page 92, recorded August 29, 1996: Said Youngstown City Lots Nos. 3 and 1380 form a compact parcel of land having a combined frontage of 40 feet on the southerly line of W. Federal Street and extend back between parallel lines a distance Boundary Justification The property consists of the commercial building and lot located at 325-327 West Federal Street, Youngstown, Verbal Boundary Description subject to all legal highways. of 137.5 feet to Market Court, and having a rear line of 40 feet, being the same more or less, but OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section : Black and White Photographs Page 17 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio PHOTOGRAPH LOG Photographer: Rebecca M. Rogers, December, 2007 Street and west sides of Burt Building East and rear sides of Burt Building Front elevation of Burt Building Mezzanine, looking southwest Second floor, looking south Detail of second floor, west side, structural support, trim and radiator grille Second floor mezzanine, original decoration from the Peacock Banquet Room Third floor, east side workroom Third floor, east side workroom turnbuckle detail Illustration of Arbor Garden at Burt's, 1st floor, southwest area, from a letter blotter produced for the opening of the Burt Building, April 1922 the opening of the Burt Building, April 1922.

"Chocolate Packing Room", 3rd floor, from an illustration in the souvenir booklet produced for the the Burt Building, April 1922 Burt's "Good Humor" Sucker', from an illustration in the souvenir booklet produced for the opening of S Form 10-9 "Fountain, Candy and Bakery Departments", 1st floor, from an illustration in the souvenir booklet "Rainbow Assembly Room", 2° floor, from an illustration in the souvenir booklet produced for the "Peacock Banquet Room", 2^° floor mezzanine, from an illustration in the souvenir booklet produced for "Good Humor" Truck, from a hand bill advertisement. Mahoning Valley Historical Society archives. VPS Form 10-90 OMB No. 1024-0018 Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section : Building Floor Plan and Section Page 18 Burt Building, Youngstown, Mahoning County, Ohio SECOND LEVEL GRADE BASE- MENT FRST FIRST REQUESTED ACTION: NOMINATION NAME : DATE OF 45TH DAY: APPEAL: N DATA PROBLEM: N N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: REQUEST: N SAMPLE : COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS: RECOM./ CRITERIA If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the DATE TELEPHONE 7/04/08 MULTIPLE 5/21/08 6/24/08 RETURN DISCIPLINE REJECT PERIOD: PDIL: REVIEWER Historic Places The National Register EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET OTHER: nomination is no longer under consideration by the NPs.

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Entered in DATE RECEIVED: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR REASONS FOR REVIEW: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: /ACCEPT DATE OF 16TH DAY: DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N 6/09/08 NATIONAL: LANDSCAPE:N SLR DRAFT:N DATE OF PENDING LIST: LESS THAN 5O YEARS: 4 Burt Buldina, Younastown, Mahonina countr, Ohio Argos Eme undy and Bakery Departments Fountain Rainbow Assembly Room Peacock Banguet Room Choc laie Packing Room Burt's "Good Humor" Suckers 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) YOUNGSTOWN QUADRANGLE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR RECEIVED 2280 MAY 21 2008 NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES National Park Service 2280 Ms. Jan Matthews, Associate Director and Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places 1201 "T" (Eye) Street, NW Washington DC 20005 Dear Ms.

Matthews: Enclosed please find four (4) new National Register nominations. All appropriate notification forwarded to the National Park Service concurrent with this transmittal letter. NEW NOMINATION Ansel Road Apartment Buildings Historic District Byers, John F. Residence If you have questions or comments about these documents, please contact the National Register staff in the Ohio Historic Preservation Office at (614) 298-2000.

State Historic Preservation Officer 567 East Hudson Street, Columbus, Ohio 43211-1030 ph: 614.298.2000 fx: 614.298.2037 Montgomery HISTORY COUNTY Enclosures Sincerely, Cuyahoga www.ohiohistory.org Portage Mahoning Burt Building OHIO National Register Dayton Canoe Club OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY Ohio Historic Preservation Office procedures have been followed for these new submissions.Please note that the Ohio State Historic Preservation Officer designation has changed.Notification of this change has been Dr. William K. Laidlaw, Jr.